A
>l
f<
The pacific Monthly.
Volume I.
October 1898— March 1899-
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUBLISHING CO
Portland, Oregon.
Copyrighted. (All rights reserved.)
F * so
P l q
The Pacific Monthly.
ALEX. SWEEK, President.
J. THORBURN ROSS, Vice-President.
WILLIAM BITTLE WELLS, Manager.
MSCHEN M. MILLER, Assistant Manager.
"if "SCO,
mncroft CONTENTS.
LIBRARY PAGE
A Rough Rider, (Short Story) F. J. McHenry 56
Augustus Dana's Wife, (Short Story) Lischen M. Miller 65
A New Era in Our National Life B. B. Beekman 22
Avalon Bay, Catalina Island, California, (Illustration) 124
An American Ideal Chas. H. Chapman, Ph. D. . . 132
President of University of Oregon.
A Boy's King, (Poem) S. E. Riser 168
Adam's Mother, (Short Story) Mrs. W. L. Wood 183
As In a Dream, (Poem) Marion Cook 230
Alaska George M. Miller 243
A Fantasy in E Minor Oraarv 245
Beauty, (Poem) Francis M. Gill 244
Books 164, 209, 261
Columbia River Salmon Hollister D. MeGuire 44
College Correspondence 40, 80, 118, 166
Columbus En Voyage, (Poem) Lischen M. Miller 234
Chess 264
Camp Scenes, Camp McKinley, Oregon 2, 25, 27, 28
Constancy, ( Poem) ... John Vance Cheney ....... 44
Democracy, (Poem) Walt Whitman 64
Digging the Gold Capt. Cleveland Rockwell ... 85
Despondency, ( Poem) John Liesk Tait 12
Drift
Storiettes , 41
My Indian Lover Romeyn Merritt 120
On the Overland Train E. Clare Joslyn 120
Inconoclastic Gleanings Dr. G. H. Morre 121
Consolidated University Notes 122
A Feminine Deduction "J!f" 169
Humorous Selections 169
An Etching Oraarv 170
Humorous Selections 170
Human Nature 213
The Sulu Archipelago 213
When a Girl Really Loves 214
''What Dreams May Come" 214
The Horse to Become Extinct 215
Old Manila 216
► Dr. Stork's Bill * 217
Poems to Order J. P. Brashear 218
Frederick Warde 262
McKinley's Opinions 263
Croak, Little Bull Frog, Croak 263
Education in France Samuel Jacques Brun . 20, 62 96
Fall of Tyranny, (Poem) William F. Phipps HI
Frederick Warde as " Macbeth " 220
How the Commander Sailed David Starr Jordan 13
u How Knoweth This Man Letters, Having Never
Learned ?" William Bittle Wells 224
In the Beginning 34
In Autumn, (Poem) Edward Maslin Hulme 75
In Starlight, (Poem) Florence May Wright 61
CONTENTS.— Continued.
PAGE
It Might Have Been, (Short Story) David Burr Chase 100
Immigration and Immigrants G. H. Morre 103
Joseph Simon, Oregon's Junior Senator 187
Kabwayo, (Short Story) Lizzie G. Wilcoxson 231
Little George, (Short Story) Adonen 195
Life's Elegy, (Poem) Valentine Brown 191
Literary Comment 39, 78, 117
Love's Remembrance, ( Poem ) Lischen M. Miller 68
Looking Back, (Poem) Florence B. Cartwright. ... 79
Man, (Poem) Cowper 152
Mother and Mammy, (Poem) Howard Weeden 238
Mother Goose for Grown-up Folkes 257
Mt. Hood, Oregon 84
Our Point of View, (Editorial) 35, 71, 112, 153, 203, 249
Oriental Learning J. Hunter Wells, M. D 192
Over the Bar, (Short Story) Lisehen M. Miller 17
October, ( Poem) Marion Douglas 33
Physical Characteristics of the Northwest Capt. Cleveland Roekwell. . . 3
Prythee, Poet, Sweetly Sing, (Poem) 73
Quatrain Florence May Wright 24
Retrospection, (Poem) John Leisk Tait 135
Sport in the Pacific C. F. Holder 125
Salmon Fishing on the Lower Columbia C. L. Simpson 53
Some Phases of Our National Life C. E. S. Wood 235
Some Day I Shall Meet My Love, (Poem) Lischen M. Miller 163
The Month ...38, 76, 115, 161, 206, 254
In Literature, Art, Science, Politics, and Education, with Leading Events.
The Voice of the Silence, (Continued Story) 141, 188, 239
The Genius of Shakespeare Frederick Warde 221
The "Kid," (Short Story) Bessie May Guinean 247
The King's Oath, (Poem) Adonen 253
The Magazines 37. 74, 113, 157, 209, 258
The Dynamics of Speech Robert W.Douthat,Ph.D. 137, 198
The "Lettre de Cachet" in California David Starr Jordan 194
The Dewey Medal 172
"That Good May Con^e," (Short Story ) 129
Thorns, (Poem) Florence May Wright ] 31
Through Winter's Snows, (Short Story) Walter Cayley Belt, M. D. . 136
The University of Washington Edmond S. Meany . 149
To the Oregon Grape, (Poem) J. W. Whalley 160
The Lost Ledge, (Short Story) Laura Miller 94
Three Links and a Jewel, (Short Story) J. D. Hassfurther 107
The Violin, ( Poem) Lischen M. Miller 116
The Oregon Emergency Corps Mrs. Levi Young 26
The Mermaid, (Poem) William Martin 82
The Scarlet Huntsman, (Poem) Walter Cayley Belt, M. D. . 186
Vashti to Ahasuerus, (Poem) Adonen 128
Westward Ho! (Poem) Joaquin Miller 29
"Was He Justified?" (Story) 30, 69
"When Shepherds Watched," (Poem) Lischen M. Miller 117
With Aguinaldo in the Phillipines Capt. H. L. Wells 173
"Will You Be My Valentine?" Lischen M. Miller 202
HE NEW PACIFIC COAST MAGAZINE I1 10 Cents
I Volume 1
October Number J
A MAGAZINE Of EDVCA~
TION AND PROGRESS.
TEN CENTS A COPY j» ONE DOLLAR A YEAR
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUBLISHING CO.
PUBLISHERS * > ^ j» PORTLAND, OREGON
•..In This Number***
Physical Characteristics of the Northwest —
Capt. Cleveland Rockwell
How the Commander Sailed —
Dvoid Starr Jordan, Pre*, of Letand Stanford, Jr. UnhtersHy
Education in France —
Samuel Jacques <Brun
A New Era in Our National Life —
B. B. Beehman
And Other Interesting Articles
HE NEW PACIFIC COAST MAGAZINE I1 10 Cents
THE "PACIFIC ^MONTHLY.
Contents for October, 1898.
Page
Frontispiece —
Camp Scenes, Camp McKinley
Physical Characteristics of the Northwest-
Despondency (Poem) —
How the Commander Sailed — •
Ca.pt. Cleveland Rockwell
John Liesk Tail
David Starr Jordan
Pres. Leland Stanford, Jr. University
. Lischen M. Miller
3
12
13
Over the Bar ( Short Story ) —
Education in France— Samuel Jacques Brun
Part I of a Series of Articles on this Interesting Subject
A New Era in Our National Life— .... B. B. Beekman
Quatrain — Florence May Wright 24
The Oregon Emergency Corps— Ms. Levi Young 26
Westward Ho! (Poem)— Joaquin Miller
" Was He Justified?*' (Story)—
October (Poem) — Marion Douglas
In the Beginning —
A Record of Oregon's Pioneers, commenced in " Drift "
Our Point of View (Editorial)—
The Magazines —
Harper's, Century, McClure's, Scribner's, Cosmopolitan, Munsey's
The Month —
A Record of the Principal Events of the Month
Literary Comment —
College Correspondence —
Drift—
22
29
30
33
34
35
37
38
TERMS— $1.00 A YEAR IN ADVANCE. 10 CENTS A COPY.
All communications should be sent, and all checks or drafts made payable, to The
'Pacific SMonthly Publishing Company. Agents for The 'Pacific SMonthly are wanted in
every locality. Write for our exceptional terms and inducements.
Alex Svoeek, President
J. Thorburn Ross, Vice-President
Geo. L. <Peastee, Secretary
W. B. Wells, Manager
Lischen M. Miller, Asst. Manager
Lischen M. Miller)
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY PUB. COMPANY,
Macleay Building,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Copyright, 1898, by W. B. Wells. Extracts may
be made from any of the articles if proper credit is
given the Magazine.
^*^vv*'r»*»**-*#i^**#**^#^^#*^#*r***#i^
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY—ADVERTISING SECTION
\7f\f* ^0\'p. F^nllilfC BY PURCHASING YOUR DRUOS, PATENT MEDICINES AND
l"U *l7ClVC LyUlldld TOILET ARTICLES OF WOODARD. CLARKE & CO.
Mere words don't tell it all. Here are some prices. Remember every Patent Medicine, Toilet Article or Drug
is sold at Cut- Rates. Our mail order business has trebled in a year, because everyone within 500 miles of Port-
land can save money by trading with us.
Regular Price
Allcock's Porus Plasters $0 15
Ayer's Sarsaparilla 1 00
Carter's Pills 25
Oastoria 35
Scott's Emulsion 1 00
Hood's Sarsaparilla 1 00
Paine's Celery Compound 1 00
Syrup of Figs 50
Our Cut-Rate Price
$0 10
69
15
25
73
69
78
35
We buy direct from manufacturers in large quantities, which secures the very lowest trade rates. This enables
us to retail at wholesale prices. Our Photographic Department will interest you. Every new thing in Photo-
graphy is in stock.
lAiOODHRD, CLHRKE St CO.
Fourth and Washington Streets, Portland, Oregon
A PAIR OF GLASSES
Do You Need Them)
If you qeed Glasses, aqy Kind of Glasses will qot
do. Th,ey rr|Ust be fitted -Witt) great pains ar|d
accuracy; with, Knowledge ar\d experience; taKiHS
rirqe aqd care " flqy sort of glasses " are worse
tqari noqe. Our advice is reliable aqd worth, rriore
th,ar| it costs.
REED 8 MALCOLM
EYE SPECIALISTS
t33 Sixth Street, Oregonian 'Building, Portland, Ore.
J. C. AINSWORTH. President
THOS. CONNKLL, Vice President
W. W. PHILLIPS, Cashier
The Ainsworth National Bank
Cor. Third and Oak Streets
SAFE DEPOSIT
PORTLAND, OREGON
Avery & Co.
Hardware 1
TOOLS
CUTLERY
MCCAFFREY'S CELEBRATED FILES AND
HORSE RASPS
furniture and upholstery
Hardware
loggers' and lumbermen's
supplies
Sporting and Blasting
Powder
Fishing tackle
82 Third Street, near Oak, Portland, Oregon
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
SEND TO US FOR PRICES ON
We are Manufacturers of the
Celebrated
Maltese Gross Brand
of Rubber Belt f
Ajax Brand Cotton
Mill Hose...
Rubber and
Leather
Belting...
87=89 FIRST STREET, PORTLAND, ORE.
RUSSELL & CO.
A. H. AVERILL,
Manager.
MANUFACTURERS OF
High Grade,
Engines, Boilers,
Saw Mills,
Threshers...
Estimates furnished on Stearn Plants of all Sizes and for
any purpose. Write for Catalogues.
RUSSELL & CO., = Portland, Ore.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY- ADVERTISING SECTION.
..DIAMOND "P" IMPORTED FINE DRY GRANULATED SUGAR..
Polarizes 98 Per Cent. Saccharine Matter.
THE STRONGEST, SWEETEST SUGAR ON THE MARKET.
Prices from One-Eighth to One-Quarter Cent Per
Pound Under Jobbers.
W. A. MEARS, 33 Second Street, Portland, Ore.
Rudolph Bhrth
Successor to BARTH & SHERWOOD
141 Post Street, near Grant Avenue, San Francisco, Gal.
Importer and Dealer in
1
SILVERWARE AND SILVER
NOVELTIES
Jewelry of All Descriptions Made to Order
Watch and Jewelry Repairing
a Specialty
USE
Washington's Best
CHOICE FAMILY
...FLOUR...
FOR SALE BY ALL GROCERS...
tub Gtias. F. Beetle Company
SHIPPING AND COMMISSION
Ship Chandlers, Store and
provision Dealers
Agents (for DEARBORN & CO.'S DISPATCH LINE
of Clipper Ships from New York
and Philadelphia
Northern Assurance Company of London
St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance Company
1 St 3 NORTH FIRST STREET
PORTLAND, ORE.
SURETY BONDS
CAPITAL AND SURPLUS, - $2,500,000.00
Fidelity and Deposit Company
OF MARYLAND
Issues guarantee bonds to employes in posi-
tions of trust.
Court Bonds, Federal Officers,' City, County
and State Officials' Bonds issued promptly.
W. R. MACKENZIE, State Agent
208 Worcester Block, PORTLAND, OREGON
Telephone Main 986
Cawston & Co.,
Dealers in
Engines and Boilers,
Wood-Working Machinery,
...Iron- Working Tools and Supplies...
48 & 50 First Street
PORTLAND, ORE.
Blake's Single and Duplex Pumps.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Chapter One
Oregon
Kidney
Tea...
How to be Beautiful
IN FIVE CHAPTERS
/pJLEARS the Complexion by removing all impurities of the
system by its gentle action on the Liver, Kidneys, Blad-
der and Bowels. Cures all diseases of these organs, and by
its tonic action produces that cheerfulness and buoyancy of
feeling which comes only with good health.
STARK MEDICINE CO.
Proprietors
P0HTLRND, OREGON
...Perfect Telephone Service...
Can be obtained only through a complete Metallic Circuit
for each Subscriber, and
■* NO PKRTY LINES^
The Columbia Telephone Company
HAS THESE ADVANTAGES
OFFICES, 606-607 0REG0HIAN BUILDING, PORTLAND, OREGON
LATEST STYLES AND FIRST -CLASS
Jewelry, Diarnonds, Watches and Silverware
AT MODERATE PRICES
fl. FELDENHEIMER
Corner Third and Washington Streets
PORTLAND, ORE.
R FC K ' ^ m wasntngton street
UP-rfV^IV 4lU Portland, ore.
Up-to-Date and Exclusive Dealers in
Ladies; Children's and infants' Wear
Styles up to the Standard in all Lines
infants' Wardrobes and Weaning Trousseaus
A SPECIALTY
Price List Sent on Application
«ERIT IS THE ONLY THING THAT COUNTS, AND WE CLAIM THAT
ON OUR ENTIRE STOCK
0. C. OLINE OIL & PAINT GO.
144 FIRST STREET
Portland, Ore.
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
doors, Windows, plate and window glass
IniKUL F»7£F>ER
And the General Lines of BUILDING MATERIAL
GLAZING A SPECIALTY
Columbia Telephone 290
THETmPACIFlC MONTHLY— A DVERTISING SECTION.
W. H. McMONIES
Wholesale Manufacturer of
.,? Harness, Horse Collars and Leather Specialties
Jobber of SADDLERY HARDWARE, Etc.
Ladies- & Gents' Beits 74 Front Street, Portland, Ore.
Mexican Hand Stamped Work * T*
Telephone Oregon Main 517
CONSOLIDATED UNIVERSITY
( PORTLAND-PUGET SOUND)
Fall Term Opened c Superior Instructors
...October 4th | Fine Equipment
EXCELLENT DORMITORY EQUIPMENT
Write for particulars to Chancellor C. R. THOBURN, S. T. D.,
UNIVERSITY PARK, OREGON.
Northwestern Mutual Life
OF MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Grants more Insurance for the Same Cost or the Same Insurance
at Lower Cost than any other Company.
Largest Purely American Company.
Official Reports of State Insurance Departments Represent it to be the
Strongest and Best
. For Terms, Address
S. T. L0CKW00D & SON, General Agents,
Concord Building, Portland, Ore.
BURN ROSLYN COAL ||#|| The Blue Mountain Ice and Fuel Company
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
John H. Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commercial Block, PORTLAND, ORE.
Russell E. Sewall,
District Attorney
R. R Giltner
GII/TNER & SEWALL
Attorneys at Law
Offices, 508509 Commercial Building
PORTLAND, OREGON
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorneys at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
SAMUEL J. BRUN
Attorney and Counselor at Law
sixth floor, mills building
San Francisco, Cal.
Practices in all the Courts
EUGENE D. WHITE &. CO-
Real estate
Fire Insurance and Conveyancing; Commissioners of
Deeds for all the States and Territories
Notaries Public.
COMMERCIAL BLOCK, PORTLAND, OREGON
'Phone Oregon Main 6
E. D. White 'Phone Oregon Black 1141
Residence, 475 Morrison St. Res. 'Phone, Ore. Red 2721
JOHN C. LEASURE
Attorney at Law
Criminal, Probate and Corporation Law Specialties
Office Rooms
4OI-2-20-2I COMMKRCIAL BUILDING, PORTLAND, ORK.
Office 'Phone, Oregon Main 6
THE OCULISTS' PRESCRIPTION CO.
JAS D. MALCOLM
SPECTACLES AND EYEGLASSES
OF ALL KINDS
Repairing a Specialty
Room 8, Washington Bloc, S. E. Cor. Fourth and Washington Sts
PORTLAND, OREGON
MRS. L. M. ROBERTSON
No. 202 Marquam Building, PORTLAND, OREGON
Fashionable Suits $5 up. Latest French Styles
Satisfaction Guaranteed
SAMUEL JACQUES BRUN
zAvocat Consultant et Plaidaut
ARRANGEMENTS DE FAMILLE
ET SUCCESSIONS
6ieme Etage, Mills Building
SAN FRANCISCO
THE WHITE STAMP & SEAL GO.
Manufacturers of
"Air Cushion" Rubber Stamps
NOTARY, LOOQE CP A | ^
AND CORPORATION 0lTy/\l_.O
245)^ Washington St., Portland, Oregon
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OF NEW BOOKS AND MAGAZINES
25 Cents per Month
•* JONES' BOOK STORE #
291 Alder Street, Portland, Oregon
Tlie Blumauer-Frank Drug Co.
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
CHARLES COOPEY
CIVIL AND MILITARY
Tailor...
Rooms i, 2, 3, 12, 13, Up Stairs
N. E. Corner Third and Stark Streets
Entrance, 88^ Third Street
PORTLAND AGENT FOR ALBANY (OREGON)
WOOLEN MILLS
THE BLUE MOUNTAIN
ICE I IE 111
T. J. GORMAN, Manager
COAL ) ¥^*¥^
No. 247 STARK STREET
Both 'Phones
PORTLAND, ORE.
SAM. LOWENSTEIN, President
WM. SCHMEER, Secretary
Oregon put*nitut*e
CQanufacturdng Co.
Offiee and Salesrooms, 208-210 Fifst Street
Factory, 209-211 F^ont Street
POSTIiHND, OREGON
I
To the Eastern cHchertiser...
The war has drawn the attention of the world to the Pacific
Coast, and because of its inexhaustible natural resources, its never-
failing crops and proximity to the Orient an immediate and won-
derful prosperity and future is predicted for this region.
The Pacific Coast is, therefore, one of the most desirable fields
in the country for judicious advertising, and the wise advertiser
will make the most of this.
The Pacific Monthly has the greater part of this great field to
itself, and offers inducements that cannot be duplicated by any
other medium reaching the Pacific Coast.
It will pay the advertiser to write us.
THE PACIFIC MONTHL Y
^PORTLAND, ORE.
c^g^&>jS'jS^S^S'-&'A^<S.^-^.'jg*^^&'jg^g>^^^
viii THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
MORTGAGE5 LOANS
ON IMPROVED PORTLAND CITY PROPERTY
In Sums from $500 to $500,000 at lowest
current interest Rates.
Titles
Abstracted and Insured against
Defect or Loss.
Trusts
Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
The Title Guarantee and Trust
..Company..
WM. M. LADD, President
J. THORBURN ROSS, Manager
T. T. BURKHART, Asst. Secretary
Chamber of Commerce
PORTLAND, ORE.
DO YOU KNOW...
Where the Best Place is to get
Hardware, Tinware, Granite Iron Ware, Aluminum Ware. Air
Tight Heating Stoves and Steel Ranges?
We do Goods are retailed at
Wholesale Prices by
ADOLPH A. DEKUM, NVl'ILrf Ji!f '■
Next Door to Wm. Gadsby's Furniture Store
J'ine u/oolens
. . Sarratt 6c 2/ounff. .
W9 first Street, iPortianet, Ore.
Agents: Jesse Eddy Woolen Mills, Provo Woolen Mills,
M. B. Shantz Button Mfg. Co.
?£/e a/so Carry t'tt iS/ocAr a Zinc of aootfe J/'ooc/s
S. G. SKIDMORE & CO.
Cut=Rate Druggists
We give Special attention to Prescriptions and
the Selection of High-GraoJe
Bristle Goods.
151 THIRD STREET
PORTLAND, OREGON
CAMP SCENES.
See article on Oregon Emergency Corps.
THE PACIFIC mONTHLY.
Vol I
OCTOBER, 1898
No, 1
PHYSICIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
NORTHWEST.
By CAPT. CLEVELAND ROCKWELL, Late of U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey.
'"T HE earlier exploration of the north-
* west coast of America was made first
in the interests of commerce. The wonder-
ful discovery of Columbus produced such
an excitement of adventure that in the
thirty years succeeding that momentous
event the whole world had been circum-
navigated by Magellan, and the entire
eastern coast of America, from Greenland
to Cape Horn, explored, and the Pacific
ocean discovered and navigated. The in-
vestigation of our subject carries us back-
ward over the lapse of time and through
the vistas of many years while tracing the
trackless pathways of the intrepid navi-
gators of old.
The only monuments and mile-stones
left to mark those devious paths are the
great capes, islands and rocks along the
shores, the rivers, waterways and sounds,
and, towering above them all, the glis-
tening ice-clad peaks, set like jewels on
the mountain summits, piercing the sky,
and often visible from the decks of their
small but venturesome vessels.
The northwest coast of America was
discovered by that marine marauder, Sir
Francis Drake, who made a landing in
latitude 48 degrees, on the coast of Wash-
ington, in the year 1558.
The mythical Juan de Fuca, said to be
a Greek pilot with one of the Spanish
navigators, made a survey of the coast
as far as latitude 55 degrees north, and,
at all events, the great strait between
Washington and British Columbia bears
his name.
Among the early navigators who visited
the coast were La Perouse, Mofras, Cook,
Meares, Portlock, Viscaino, Lesiansky,
Heceta, Quadra, Vancouver, and many
others. Many of these expeditions were
sent out for purposes of trade and barter
in furs with the native tribes, or in the
vague hope of conquest or gold.
That greatest of navigators, Captain
James Cook, in the year 1778, while at-
tempting to realize the dream of explor-
ers and crowned heads, the discovery of
a northwest passage through the continent
of America, as a shoit route to the Bast
Indies, sailed along the coast, and named
the most prominent capes as far as Cook's
inlet, in Alaska, in 60 degrees north lati-
tude. In 1792-4, Captain George Van-
couver, of the British navy, in two vessels,
the Discovery and the Chatham, made a
complete survey of the coast, from Cali-
fornia to Alaska, and in his endeavors to
find the hypothetical northwest passage
pushed his surveys into every inlet pene-
trating the continent, until satisfied that
a passage did not exist. To him, more
than to any other of the old navigators,
we owe the prominent names of the coast,
from Puget sound, through the devious
passages of British America and Alaska,
to Cook's inlet. In naming the many
places he visited, the noble families of
princes, dukes, ambassadors, lords of the
navy, brother officers and friends have
all been remembered and their names per-
petuated for ages to come.
Vancouver had been a midshipman un-
der Captain Cook in his first voyages, and
was a very industrious and most accom-
plished navigator. Vancouver did not dis-
cover the Columbia river, but, having
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
fallen in with the discoverer, Captain
Gray, sent the vessel Chatham, under
Lieutenant Broughton, who anchored near
Astoria and with his boats explored the
river as far as the present city of Van-
couver. Later additions to the geographi-
cal knowledge of the coast were made by
Commodores Wilkes, Belcher and others.
The more accurate and detailed surveys
of the coast were commenced in 1851, by
the United States coast and geodetic sur-
vey, and still later the interior surveys
have been begun by the geological survey.
In the course of time, complete informa-
tion of the topography, hydrography,
geology, botany, climate and resources of
every kind will have been collected, suffi-
cient for a history of physical geography.
In 1804-5, the memorable expedition
across the continent by Captains Lewis
and Clark gave to the world the first infor-
mation of the interior of the country. At
later dates, exploring expeditions under
Fremont, Stevens and others made still
further known the broad geographical
features of the territory.
The title to the country was finally con-
firmed to the United States by the Louis-
iana purchase from France in 1803, and,
after much contention, the consummation
of the Ashburton treaty with England in
1842 defined the limits of our neighbor's
territory on the north at latitude 49 de-
grees. The very late purchase of the
great territory of Alaska from Russia
extended the limits of the Northwest far
towards the frozen ocean, and nearly to
the Asiatic coast. The geographical out-
lines of the northwest coast, the great
mountain chains, the general courses of
the rivers, are familiar to all.
The topographical aspects are exceed-
ingly varied. The great Cascade range of
mountains, about 130 miles from and
parallel with the coast line, a continua-
tion of the Sierra Nevada chain in Cali-
fornia, rises to a general height of 6,000
or 7,000 feet, extends into British Colum-
bia, and is traced to the far North. The
Coast range, reaching elevations of 3,000
or 4,000 feet in places, about thirty or
forty miles distant from and parallel to
the coast, can also be traced for long dis-
tances north and south, as a distinct
mountain chain. Between these two
ranges lies the Willamette valley, one ot
the most fertile areas of land on the sur-
face of the earth.
Transverse ranges and spurs connect
these iwo great mountain systems at inter-
vals, and between them lie the Umpqua
and Rogue River valleys. To the north
of the Columbia no great valleys occur,
the streams draining the western slope of
the Cascades having but narrow valleys,
with rolling country between.
Through the two mountain ranges lat-
eral or transverse rents occur at intervals,
where great streams like the Columbia
and Fraser rivers, and lesser ones like
the Klamath, Rogue, Umpqua, Stickeen,
Skagit and Skeena break through a pass-
age to the sea. The great gorge of the
Columbia is the only transverse rent
which has been cut down to a tide-water
level.
East of the Cascade mountains are sev-
eral independent mountain systems, as
the Blue mountains, the Coeur d'Alene
and the Bitter Root mountains, a chain
of the Rockies, and, towards the north,
the great Selkirk range.
Eastern Washington and Oregon is
largely an elevated plateau of great fertil-
ity, the southeastern portion of the state
extending into Nevada being a volcanic
plateau of arid land. To a tourist travel-
ing up the Columbia river, the country
presents anything but an attractive ap.
pearance, and he would be likely to ob-
serve, on further inspection of the coun-
try, that the valley of the Columbia con-
tained all the sand, and the fertile lands
occupied the hills.
The lake systems of Oregon and Wash-
ington are small, many of the largest
lakes being merely the widening of the
river channels occasioned by the oscilla-
tions of level of the land or the outflow
of basaltic lavas.
The transverse range of the Siskiyou
mountains, which separates Oregon from
California, is the highest of those chains,
extending from the Cascades nearly to the
coast, and produces a marked dissimilar-
ity in the climates of the two regions.
The Coast range through the state of
Washington gradually breaks down to the
northward, and gives place to the great
mountain mass of the Olympics, terminat-
ing at Cape Flattery. These mountains
reach an altitude of 7,000 to 8,000 feet,
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NORTHWEST.
retaining snow on the highest peaks
throughout the summer season. Vancou-
ver's island consists of another independ-
ent mass of rough mountains, except in
the southeastern part, rising to elevations
of 5,000 feet or more.
The country constituting the shores of
Puget sound, including the numerous isl-
ands, is formed generally of immense
stratified beds of clay, sand and gravel;
but, going northward, the islands and
headlands through the Canal de Haro, Ro-
sario straits and the Gulf of Georgia be-
come high and rocky.
Still further to the northward, through
the wonderful labyrinth of fiords and in-
lets forming the inland navigation pass-
ages of British America, and up through
the hundreds of islands of the Archipelago
Alexander, in Alaska, as far as Cross
sound and Glacier bay, the shores main-
tain their rugged, rocky character. The
channels through these islands are very
deep, the charts often showing 100 fath-
oms and no bottom; and, at the head of
nearly every fiord penetrating the con-
tinent, great glaciers force their way down
to the salt water. Above Cross sound the
immense mountain range containing the
peaks of Mounts Fairweather, Cook and
Crillon commences, running northwest and
culminating in Mount St. Elias, the
loftiest mountain in North America. In
this latitude the peninsula of Alaska pro-
jects towards the southeast, and in con-
tinuation the Fox islands, running along
nearly parallel with the Arctic circle,
stretch away towards the shores of Asia.
The great river, Yukon, rises in British
America, eastward of Mount St. Elias,
traverses the whole width of Alaska,
touching the Arctic circle, and flowing
through many mouths into Behring sea.
To the north of this river the country
is entirely unexplored, but is believed to
be a sterile, treeless waste, covered with a
thick growth of spagnum or moss, to the
shores of the Arctic ocean.
The coast of Oregon and Washington,
from the California line to Cape Flattery,
runs nearly north and south, and presents
no very great projections of capes, and
affords but few harbors for vessels in dis-
tress.
The spurs of the Coast range of moun-
tains often reach the seashore, and when
the land first emerged from the waters
the ocean reached much further inland
than at present. Formerly the waves of
the ocean broke directly on the shores of
Young's bay and the present site of As-
toria, as far as Tongue point. Afterwards
the ocean currents, following along the
shores, deposited the sand washed down
from the cliffs, in the long beaches reach-
ing from headland to headland, leaving
an opening or entrance whose width was
determined by the area of the tidal basins
enclosed within.
Gradually the tide lands were built up
from the silt brought down the streams,
and the two great forces, the sea on one
side and the enclosed waters on the other,
established the present forms of the nu-
merous small bays along the coast. Port
Orford, on the southern coast of Oregon.
is the largest and best summer roadstead,
but it is exposed to the fury of winter
gajes. Destruction island, off the Wash-
ington shore, is the only spot of land on
the coast large enough to be called an
island.
The influence of man in improving for
his benefit the conditions imposed by
nature may be instanced in the works at
the entrance to the Columbia river, where
in place of a dangerous channel and bar a
very good and secure one has been formed.
The tremendous forces of nature may often
be seen on our coasts in the effects pro-
duced by ocean waves breaking on the
shore. In the summer of 1877, while at
work on the adjacent coast, a very high
tide occurred, with an immense surf roll-
ing in from the westward, the result of
some storm far out at sea. The beach
had been piled up with drifting sand to
a great depth, and the sea rose so high as
to lash the foot of the cliffs; but one high
tide sufficed to level the beach as smooth
as a floor, and sweep the sand into the
ocean, a result that 100,000 laborers could
not have accomplished in many years.
The bottom of the ocean, off the shores
of Oregon and Washington, is mainly t»
smooth plateau or floor, having a very
gentle, regular slope many miles off the
coast. The continuity of this sub-ocean
plain is broken is some places by ranges
of submarine hills, parallel with the Coast
range. The summits of these hills are
known as banks, and are the feeding-
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
grounds (as well as the fishing-grounds)
for vast numbers of fish. The streams or
currents of the ocean along the northwest
coast are dominated by the effects of the
Japanese stream, the great ocean current
of the Pacific, which, having its rise in
the warm regions of the tropics, flows past
the coast of Japan, and, crossing over,
loses itself on the American shores. The
course and effect of this stream is very
similar to the well-known Gulf stream
of the Atlantic. It keeps the temperature
of the ocean at nearly a constant degree of
warmth throughout the year, and we shall
see that it has the effect of maintaining a
very modified and mild winter climate in
comparatively high latitudes.
The ocean currents, however, are
changed by the force and direction of the
prevailing winds on this coast. For
nearly half of the year, northwest winds
prevail along the whole coast, while dur-
ing the winter months the winds come
from the southeast and southwest. The
summer winds, far off the coast, are the
trade winds, and blow from the southwest,
gradually shifting, as the coast is ap-
proached, to the northwest. In winter the
southerly winds pile up the waters along
the coast, and, flowing off, produce a
strong current to the northward, as is
seen by the frequent presence of redwood
logs cast up on the shores, a tree which
hardly appears north of the California
line. The prevailing winds of summer,
blowing from off the ocean, maintain a
very equable degree of temperature over
the land, as far as their influence reaches,
a temperature entirely controlled by the
effects of the Japan stream. The polar
current of cold, Arctic waters, flowing
down through Behring straits, owing to
the difference in specific gravity of warm
and cold water, settles down and flows
underneath the warm equatorial waters.
The winas blowing over the warm sur-
face waters absorb tue radiated heat and
maintain the high annual mean tempera-
ture over our land, which we enjoy. Were
it not for the great modification in cli-
mate produced by the Japan stream, the
limit ot perpetual snow would reach far
down the slopes of the Cascade moun-
tains, and the glaciers of Mount Hood
and Mount Adams probably reach to the
Columbia river. The effects of these
winds are felt along the coast as far inland
as the Cascade mountains.
East of that great barrier, the summers
are warmer and the winters colder than
on the west. The climate in other re-
spects is very dissimilar, rain being more
prevalent on the west, and snow on the
east side of these mountains.
The geological features of the northwest
coast are well marked. The eozoic forma-
tion is found in the Coast range and in
the Blue mountains — but the greatest ex-
emplification of any geologic age in the
Northwest is the volcanic.
The Sierra Nevada and Cascade range
was elevated at the close of the Jurassic
period, but not to its present height. At
the end of the Miocene period, simul-
taneously with the elevation of the Coast
range, the Cascade and Sierra Nevada
mountains were lifted up to their present
great elevation, and, under the tremen-
dous pressure, seem to have been rent
and fissured along the entire crest from
Middle California to the far North in
British America. During this elevation
took place the most stupendous exhibition
of volcanic and eruptive energy of any
age or part of the world, great floods of
liquid lava and basalt pouring from the
Cascade range, covering nearly the whole
of Oregon, Washington and Idaho, ana
extending into Nevada, California and
British Columbia, and into the ocean.
This great deposit flowed over the country
in waves and sheets, filling the beds of
rivers and creeks to a depth of 2,000 to
4,000 feet, and utterly destroying all life.
The gloomy canyon of the Snake river is
a most striking illustration of the depth
of the lava flow, where may be seen along
its terraced sides the thickness of the suc-
cessive sheets. The bottom of this lavi»
flow is an unknown depth below the sea
level, as can be seen in the great ocean
capes and in the bluffs along the Columbia
river. Towards the close of this eruption,
the vents of the imprisoned fires became
confined to the points known as Mounts
Shasta, Hood, Rainier, etc., from which
liquid lava, scoriae, pumice and ashes
continued to be emitted for a long period,
building up their cones to a height prob-
ably far above their present altitude. The
action of glaciers and melting ice is be-
lieved to have woru away the height of
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NORTHWEST.
these great peaks 1,000 feet or more, and
in most instances all traces of a crater
have been obliterated. Crater lake occu-
pies a crater of what was probably a great
lava vent in the earlier outflow. It is
6,000 feet above the sea level, and, being
nearly 2,000 feet in depth, is the deepest
body of fresh water in North America.
On all these great peaks of the Cascade
and Sierra Nevada range, of which the
most southern is Lassen's butte, in
Plumas county, California, solfataras, or
hot springs, abound, an evidence that the
subterranean fires are not yet extinct.
Mount Vesuvius was not known to be a
volcano until the year 79 A. D., when it
broke forth in the momentous eruption
that buried the cities of Herculaneum and
Pompeii under a deluge of ashes and mud,
and for nearly 2,000 years since has been
periodically active.
There are traditions that Lassen's butte,
Mounts Hood and St. Helens have given
evidence of being still alive, but no great
outburst of lava has probably taken place
for a long period. Lassen's butte shows
more signs of activity than any volcanic
cone in the Sierra Nevada range, boiling
springs, fumerells, geysers and mud vol-
canoes on a small scale being constantly
active and energetic on the south side of
that peak. On the peninsula of Alaska,
however, and on several of the Aleutian
islands, the volcano of Illiamnoe, the
Redobt volcano and others are still alive
and active. The great capes along the
coast are generally of basaltic lavas, the
result of the ancient flow; the sea, that
great leveler, having «aten away the
softer Tertiary deposits, leaving the hard-
er material projecting far into the ocean.
Cape Lookout, for instance, projects two
miles from the beach into deep water. It
is a great basaltic dike, perpendicular
along the south tace, 430 feet high at the
point, and nearly 1,000 feet high where
the coast trail passes over.
When the Cascade range was elevated
large bodies of the ocean were enclosed
between that range and the Rocky moun-
tains. The transverse fissure, now occu-
pied by the Columbia river, was after-
wards formed and served to drain the salt
water from a vast portion of the interior,
the sea retreating to a few of the saline
lakes in Southeastern Oregon. During the
cretaceous period, animal and plant life
was abundant in the Northwest, as is
shown by the great number of fossil re-
mains in the valleys of the Des Chutes,
Crooked and John Day rivers; also in
Grand Ronde valley and Hangman's
creek. Huge animals of the mastodon
family wandered through the forests of
the infant world, and along the grassy
shores of the ancient lake grazed the gen-
tle oreodon, unmolested by the twang of
the bow-string or crack of the hunter's
rifle; man had not yet appeared upon the
earth.
In regard to the carboniferous meas-
ures, geologists are disposed generally to
refer all the coal deposits to the Tertiary
period, and class them as different forms
and grades of lignite. Several deposits of
coal in British America are asserted to be
anthracite in character, but the anthra-
citic character of the deposits is claimed
to be produced by heat due to local pres-
sure only.
The coal deposits of the Northwest are
found to the northward and within the
Arctic circle. Coal is known to be due to
the mineralized carbonaceous deposits of
vegetable life; and, moreover, that life
must have been very abundant and fa-
vored by the existence of a sub-tropical
climate, as is shown by the fossil remains,
animal and vegetable. But scientists are
at a loss to account for the fact that
such a climate and vegetation existed at
that time in latitudes far beyond the pres-
ent limits of trees, or indeed any other
growth except mosses and lichens. If
astronomy would admit that the poles oi
the earth had changed during the life of
the infant world, the problem would be
solved. Many authorities claim that
though the poles of the earth have during
past ages pointed towards far different
stars than they do now, the geographical
poles have always maintained the present
angle with the ecliptic or plane of the
earth's path around the sun, thus making
the seasons always the same as now.
Others, however, admit that the axis of
the earth may have changed 20, 30 or 40
deg. in inclination. The subject is too
involved, except for a student of science,
and need not be pursued further. No
thorough geological examination of the
country has yet been made, and until that
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
is done it is impossible to study the sub-
ject in detail.
The glacial epoch is well marked in the
Northwest, and all the northern canyons
of the great peaks as far south as Mount
Shasta still contain glaciers, many of
them exceeding the celebrated glaciers of
the Alps.
The glaciers become larger and reach
further down the mountain sides as you
go north, until Alaska is reached, where
all the mountain summits are capped with
wide fields of snow, and the glaciers force
their way down to the sea, and every
gorge is filled. During the glacial age
vast fields of ice and snow covered the
Northern hemisphere of both continents
for a great distance from the poles to an
unknown depth, driving all existing forms
of animal life towards the sub-tropical
zone and substituting arctic forms.
The evidence of erosive action of gla-
ciers is unmistakable in many localities,
and one of the finest effects of such action
may be seen near the city of Victoria,
Vancouver island. Opposite the city,
across the bridge, on the reservation, is a
large area of bare basaltic rock ploughed
and furrowed by glacial action, the striae
running from northwest to southeast. At
the time the ocean wharf was building,
the rock was uncovered during the process
of grading a road, and the glacial mark-
ings were bright, clean and not weathered.
Long grooves, generally parallel and often
10 or 12 inches deep, gouged out of the
solid ledge, looked like the handiwork of
a skilled stone-mason and were polished
as smooth as a piece of statuary. Science
is also unable to inform us of the momen-
tous changes that must have taken place
to produce the ice age, when all plant life
over a large part of the Northern hemi-
sphere was destroyed and animal life of
the temperate clime driven towards sub-
tropical regions. Some theorists have ad-
vanced the hypothesis that the surface of
the sun was to a very large extent covered
with spots which are now seen to prevail
at successive intervals of 11% years, and
that owing to this prevalence the amount
of heat and light given forth was very
much lessened. This aspect of the sun
being continued through many thousand
years, polar conditions of climate were
practically maintained over a large area
of the Northern hemisphere. Gradually
the ice and snow disappeared from the
temperate zones, the glaciers retreated to
their proper homes in the North, and life
once more flourished over a smiling land.
The northwest coast, in common with
all parts of the globe, has been subject to
great and frequent oscillations of level,
epochs of subsidence and upheaval being
well marked in the Tertiary and post-
Tertiary or latest geological age'. These
oscillations sunk the land below the sur-
face of the ocean many thousand feet,
raising it again to present elevations, as
is shown by the abundance of fossil ma-
rine life on the summits of very high
mountains. I have gathered shells of
clams, identical with existing species, on
the summit of Bald mountain, near Port
Orford, 3,000 feet above the sea level.
While engaged in professional duties near
San Simeon, on the California coast, I
discovered a bed of the "Ostrea Titan," or
gigantic fossil oyster, specimens of which
were two feet or more in length, with a
thickness of shell near the hinges of four
or five inches. A half dozen raw or on
the half-shell would be a formidable dish
to set before a king. Above this oyster
bed was a ledge of coral rock, and there
on the mountain side, among the sage-
brush, blooming ceanothus and wild
morning-glory, firmly cemented to the
extreme point of a projecting coral rock,
was the beautiful, enameled tooth of a
shark. But how changed the scene; in-
stead of some dark, unfathomed cave far
beneath the blue waters, where the sea
anemone opened its petals among the
corals, where the fierce and predatory
shark pursued its prey, the jay flew
screaming down the canyon, and the wild
bee hung to the nodding flowers.
The oscillations of level of the land can
be studied very conveniently and near at
home on the adjacent coast. There exists
a long line of high cliffs between Siletz
bay and the mouth of Salmon river, where
the erosive action of the surf has exposed
to view a great section of alternate beds
of sand, gravel and marl or bog mud, in
which are imbedded the roots and pros-
trate trunks of spruce and alder trees, of
the same varieties as existing species.
These trunks protrude from the banks,
greatly compressed by the immense
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NORTHWEST.
weight of one or two hundred feet of sand
and gravel, were not yet fossilized, but
would burn when thrown on the campflre
with but little flame, leaving an ash
strongly colored with oxide of iron.
In some localities this wood has been
partly carbonized, forming a semi-lignite
or partial coal. These beds of fossil wood
occurring as strata at three or more suc-
cessive elevations In the face of the cliffs
are identical in soil and vegetable prod-
ucts with existing tide lands, which are
always formed near the level of high
tides. They indicate distinct periods of
repose, when the deposits of mud were
forming and the trees reaching their
growth. They also point to a subsidence,
more or less sudden, when the deposits of
sand and gravel were accumulated, fol-
lowed by another cycle of building and
growth. . . . Associated with the ge-
ology of the country is the study of min-
eralogy and the various mineral, metallic
and other products of the earth.
The older mountain ranges of the Cas-
cades, Blue mountains and Coeur d'Alenes
are rich in deposits of precious and use-
ful minerals. No portion of our country
has so many and varied mineral resources
as the Northwest, though the develop-
ment of these hidden treasures can hardly
be said to have been commenced.
The gold mining of the Northwest is
principally in placer deposits. The coun-
ties of Jackson, Curry, Coos, Josephine,
also Baker, Grant and Union in Eastern
Oregon, are all productive of gold. Placer
deposits in British Columbia, the Fraser
and Stickeen rivers, and on the Yukon, all
yield gold. Gold is also produced from
rock quartz in Eastern Oregon and in
Alaska. Silver in various ores and in lead
is found and mined in great quantities in
Idaho and elsewhere in the Northwest,
and forms a leading industry of the coun-
try. Ores of iron, including magnetic bog
and hematite varieties, are found in near-
ly every portion of the country, and are
being worked in several localities.
Oxides and carbonates of copper occur
in the southwestern counties, also chromic
iron, cinnabar, platinum, tellurium and
nickel. In the same region, limestone,
hydraulic-cement rock, marble, granite,
syenite, building sand-stones and slates,
gypsum, asbestos, plumbago, brick and
potters' clays, steatite and glass sand are
among the valuable and varied resources
of the country. Borax in the purest form,
the borate of soda, is found near the sea-
coast in Curry county. Chalcedony, sil-
icified wood, jasper, carnelians and agates
of great beauty are found on the banks of
the Columbia and adjacent streams, par-
ticularly where the river breaks through
the Coast range near Oak Point and Cath-
lamet. Coal is mined in a great many
localities, from Coos bay to Alaska, and
also east of the mountains. The most
valuable coals have been found in the
western foothills of the Cascades on Puget
sound, on Vancouver island near Nanaimo,
and at Roslyn, on the eastern slopes of the
mountains.
In respect to the forests of the North-
west, the extent and value of them have
been well published. The great elevated
plateau east of the mountains is a tree-
less region, covered thinly with sage-
brush, bunch-grass, juniper and dwarf
pines in places, and with a little willow
and cottonwood along the streams. The
mountains, however, are well supplied
with many varieties of trees found west
of the Cascades.
It is in the western division that the
flora of the country attains its richest de-
velopment, and, with the exception of the
Willamette and other smaller valleys, the
whole northwest coast is covered with a
luxuriant growth of verdure. As the palm
is the characteristic tree of the tropics, so
is the pine the tree of the North. Chief
among the trees of the Northwest is the
Douglas spruce or red fir, reaching in fa-
vored groves great height and size, and
valuable for the uses of man. The red-
wood of the California Coast range barely
steps over the state line, and its place is
at once taken by the white or Oxford
cedar, a variety having a very limited
habitat in Oregon and found in no other
part of the world. This tree having a
very thin bark is easily killed by the for-
est fires, but still remains standing, dry
and sound for many years, and it is
curious to see the loggers hauling these
hard white trunks to the mill to be made
into lumber. The coniferous pines are
represented by several species; among
which are the sugar, black, silver and yel-
low pine. The white, lovely, yellow and
IO
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
red fir, the hemlock, spruce, larch, yew,
cypress, yellow and red cedar are in great
numbers. Many and indeed most of
these trees are exceedingly valuable to
the uses of man. The deciduous trees in-
clude the white, black and yellow oak, the
maple, ash, alder and laurel, besides many
flowering trees.
The undergrowth in the forests is made
up of many flowering trees, shrubs and
plants, and the camas and wapato, flower-
ing bulbous roots, are common, being used
as food by the native tribes and Chinese.
Flax is indigenous in Southern Oregon. In
addition to the native woods and plants,
man has introduced great varieties of
each, and such is the adaptability of a
generous soil and mild climate that all
the trees and plants of the temperate
zone and many of the sub-tropical species
can be grown in some part of the North-
west. Large and varied crops of cereals
and fruits are now raised on lands former-
ly considered useful only for grazing cat-
tle and sheep.
The soil in most portions of the North-
west is very productive, as is well known
by the large yield of wheat and other
cereals grown on certain lands for many
successive years, without the application
of artificial fertilizers. The fertility of
the land is no doubt due in a great meas-
ure to the volcanic nature of the country.
The disintegration of various lavas and
basalts forms a soil rich in the mineral
salts and earths adapted to the nourish-
ment of plants and trees. Though the
climate is classed as dry, as indicated by
instruments used for determining relative
humidity, the distinction is applicable
only to the atmosphere.
The rainfall is abundant and timely to
foster the growth of all plant life, and the
undergrowth in the regions west of the
Cascade mountains is as dense and impen-
etrable, though of far different character,
as in the valley of the Orinoco or Amazon
rivers.
The waters abound with fish, of which
the various species of the salmon family
are the most numerous and valued. The
sturgeon, one of the oldest types of fishes,
surviving the changes of thousands of
years, and the taking of which was con-
trolled by the royal perquisites of the
ancient kings of England, is common —
in fact, is met with every day on the side-
walks of our city. The sea is prolific of
life; whales pass up and down the coast
from their feeding grounds in the Arctic
to their breeding grounds in the warm
bays of Lower California.
Halibut and herring are caught in great
quantities, and the cod-fishing grounds in
Behring sea are the largest and richest in
the world. Smelt and sardines visit the
largest rivers in incredible numbers to
deposit their spawn. Oysters, clams and
other shell fish inhabit the salt-water
bays, and the pholus or rock oyster bores
its home in every soft rocky ledge along
the coast. . . .
The fauna of the northwest coast is an
interesting study, embracing every species
known to the temperate zone. The black
and cinnamon bear are common, and the
formidable grizzly bear may be found in
the mountains, if any one cares to go and
look for him. The great gray wolf inhab-
its the gloomiest forests, but is rarely seen
except when driven by deep snows to
prey upon herds of sheep or cattle, and
that thief of the plains, the coyote or
prairie wolf, is common east of the moun-
tains. Among the predatory animals may
be mentioned the cougar or mountain lion
and the Canada lynx or wildcat.
Reindeer, cariboo, elk, the mule and
the Virginia deer, and the fleet-footed
antelope represent the family of the cer-
vidae.
The mouflon or big-horned sheep and
the great mountain goat frequent the most
inaccessible rocky peaks of the highest
mountains, above the limits of perpetual
snow. The fur-bearing animals, whose
winter coats are sought after by man to
make his winter coats, embrace numerous
species, as the fur seal, sea and land otter,
beaver, fisher mink, the silver, cross and
red fox, muskrat and weasel or ermine.
Of these animals, the fur seal is by far
the most important, the capture of which
is likely to lead to serious international
complications. The polar bear and walrus
inhabit the frozen regions, and are objects
of the chase for the Northern coast tribes,
and with the confinon or hair seal form
their main subsistence. Harmless snakes
are numerous west of the mountains, and
the rattlesnake is occasionally found in
the eastern portion of the country and in
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NORTHWEST. n
Southern Oregon. Swans, geese and brant,
together with nearly every known species
of ducks, cranes, plover, snipe and other
wading birds, are found in incredible num-
bers, breeding in and migrating to and
from various parts of the Northwest.
Eagles, vultures, owls, hawks and buz-
zards are numerous, besides great varie-
ties of song birds, and the tiny humming-
bird flashes its brilliant colors through the
foliage of the Alaskan summers. Grouse
of several varieties, and quail are plenti-
ful.
The Mongolian pheasant has been read-
ily acclimated and added to the list of
game birds of the country. Very many
varieties of this list of animals, birds and
fishes are exceedingly valuable to the uses
and pursuits of man.
The varieties of the human race, indig-
enous to the Northwest, can be placed in
two divisions, the Indian and the Aleut
or Esquimaux. The vast number of na-
tives seen and mentioned by Lewis and
Clark, along the shores of the Columbia,
have melted away before the advance of
civilization like snow before the sun. That
great numbers did exist is shown also by
the numerous shell heaps, piles of kitchen
middens, broken stones, pestles and mor-
tars, arrow heads and other implements
found at every advantageous point on the
rivers and bays along the whole coast.
Some of these deposits are laid bare by
the washing away of the alluvial banks
under which they have been buried for
long years, as may be seen in places by
the large trees growing directly over the
deposits. These natives were always di-
vided into numerous tribes, inhabiting a
larger or smaller territory, and the tribal
divisions were so distinctly marked and
had been maintained through so many
generations, that the language or dialect
of one tribe could not be understood by
the other. The different tribes were gen-
erally in an attitude of armed peace, or
else engaged in active war, the successful
contestants carrying off and making slaves
of their female captives.
The fishing tribes along the coast were
the least warlike or aggressive, and suf-
fered from frequent raids and forays of
their mountain neighbors. Those tribes
of the interior and the North, depending
more on the pursuits of the chase, were
more predaceous and warlike.
The Aleuts of the Codiak peninsula and
Fox islands were found to resemble in
every respect of race, characteristics and
mode of life the Esquimaux of the Siberian
coast. Ethnologists have found that this
race inhabit a circle surrounding the
North Pole, and that the race types are
well and distinctly marked.
Primeval man or his descendants, the
aboriginal races, have, like the native
race of animals, been content to pursue
a life of nature, hunting, fishing, gather-
ing the natural products of the soil and
waters, or preying on each other's sub-
stance by raids and wars. With civilized
man it is far different, and no view of
physical geography would be complete
without considering the changed aspects
of the face of nature produced by the vast
workings of civilized man. In the book
of Genesis we are told that God gave man
dominion over the earth and over every
living thing, with the injunction to sub-
due it, and man has interpreted the text
literally; for, not content with gathering
the fruits and killing the animals nature
presents for his sustenance, he has entered
into a contest not only to take possession
of the earth, but to make war upon the
operations of nature herself.
Man's vast operations have not yet had
the effect upon our Northwest that may
be traced in other countries, but give him
time and he will no doubt fulfill his con-
tract.
The character of a race is largely in-
fluenced by its environment. It cannot be
doubted that diversity of pursuits and
occupation in man leads to difference in
character and acquirements. The im-
mense hordes of human beings inhabiting
the wide steppes of Russia and Siberia,
and the vast plains of Tartary, have for
ages followed the monotonous life dictated
to them by the dreary desolation of their
limitless horizon.
A vast expanse of boundless prairie,
barely supporting at the most favorable
seasons the lives of their cattle and horses,
has the natural tendency to repress all
ambition and desire for elevation. They
have not advanced beyond the semi-civil-
ization of their progenitors in the occupa-
tion of tending their flocks and herds.
12
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
Their environment offers them no diver-
sity of pursuits.
The physical geography of the North-
west shows a country so rich and varied
in diversity of surface, of wide plains,
smiling valleys, dense forests, broad rivers
and rushing torrents, that the influence
of the face of nature is inspiring. We
look from some high mountain summit
over the grand forests and valleys of our
country, watching the clouds chase their
shadows across the gorges and canyons,
and, as the voices of the swaying pines,
the murmur of a torrent or roar of some
unseen waterfall falls upon our ear, our
minds are full of thoughts that words fail
to express. As we turn our faces towards
the sublime height of the snow-clad moun-
tains, lifting their peaks far above the
limits of all life, our fancy takes us back-
ward; we see again the fiery cones belch-
ing forth stones and ashes, and rivers 01
lava pushing their resistless course
through the burning forests, and the sky
covered with a sable pall, and our hearts
are filled with wonder and awe.
The varied industries necessary to sub-
due and develop the vast resources of the
country will in the future attract men of
all professions and artisanships. The
herdsman, the farmer, the horticulturist,
the miner, the millwright, the engineer,
the mechanic and cunning artificer In
wood and metal, will all find material
ready to his hand.
The physical characteristics of the
Northwest, under a careful study of the
different subjects, the climate, the soil,
the varied products of nature, the inspir-
ing influence of pastoral and sublime
scenery on our moral and intellectual na-
tures, all will develop the knowledge that
in our country may be found every mate-
rial and natural resource necessary to tha
development and well-being of the high-
est types of the human race.
DESPONDENCY.
Yearnings for only a glimmer
Of harvest of golden grain-
Praying to God in the darkness;
Praying for light and for rain;
For rain that this barren desert
May bloom in fullness of song —
Praying, and watching, and waiting;
Patiently waiting and long.
Oh! must our watching be futile?
Oh! must our prayers be in vain?
Oh! shall we never behold it—
The waving of rip'ning grain?
God send us aid to be faithful!
Grant that our hearts may be strong!
Grant but a glint of the laurels,
To those who watch faithful and long.
Grant us assurance of welcome
At last to proud victory's throng.
—John Liesk Tait.
HOW THE COMMANDER SAILED.
By DAVID STARR JORDAN, President of LeUnd Stanford, Jr. University.
O'
NCE there was a great sea captain,
born in Jutland, in 1681, and his
name was Vitus Bering. But when he
went away from Denmark and became a
commander in the Russian navy they
called him Ivan Ivanovich Bering, for
that was easier for the Russians to sa\.
He was a man of great stature, ana
greater heart, strong, brave and patient,
and so the Russians chose him to lead
in the explorations of Siberia and North
America.
And so it chanced that in the spring of
1741 Vitus Bering found himself in the
little village of Petropaulski, the harbor
of Peter and Paul, which is the capita
of the vast uninhabitable region of moss,
volcanoes and mountain torrents they
call Kamchatka.
And from the village of Peter and Paul
Bering sailed forth to explore the icy
sea and to find North America, and to
learn how to reach it from Kamchatka.
There were 77 men all told on board the
St. Peter, and one of them was George
Wilhelm Steller, the German naturalist,
clear-headed, warm-hearted and impera-
tive, who has told the story of the voy-
age.
First they sailed for Gamaland, a great
island, which, on the Russian maps of
that day, lay in the ocean to the south-
east of Kamchatka. But when the St.
Peter came to where Gamaland was, they
said: "Only sea and sky; a few wan-
dering birds, and no land at all." There
never was any Gamaland, but Bering did
not know this, so he was surprised to
find no land nearer than the bottom of
the sea.
The east wind blew and the great fogs
hid the sun and stars, but still Bering
sailed on. Away over the sea where Gam-
aland was not, away to the eastward, on
and on, till at last they saw before them
a great belt of land. The coast was high
*I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to
Peter Lauridseu, whose "Life of Vitus Bering" has
been freely consulted in the preparation of this
article.
and jagged, covered with snow in July,
and lined with wild islands, between
which the sea swept in swift currents.
Over the scrubby forests of stunted fir a
snow-capped mountain towered so high
that they could see it 70 miles away. "I
do not remember," Steller wrote, "of
having seen a higher mountain in all
Siberia and Kamchatka." And he was
right, for there was none other so high
in all the Russian dominions. As it was
the day of St. Elias, they named the
mountain for the saint, and the bay and
the cape and the island, everything they
saw was named for St. Elias. And they
are named for St. Elias to this day; and
Mount St. Elias is the highest in all
North America. They found no inhabi-
tants in St. Elias-land. They had all run
away in fear at the sight of the ship
and the white men. But they found a
"house of timber with a fireplace, a bath-
basket, a wooden spade, some mussel-
shells and a whetstone," used to sharpen
copper knives. Besides these articles
they found in an earth hut "some smoked
fish, a broken arrow and the remains of
a fire." Some of these things they took
away with them. So, to make every-
thing fair, Bering left in the house "an
iron kettle, a pound of tobacco, a Chinese
pipe and a piece of silk cloth." But no
one was there when the Indians returned
to see what use they made of these un-
expected presents.
They did not stay long about the bay
of St. Elias. Bering knew that the
summer was well along, and that if they
were to learn anything of the coast they
must go along it rapidly. With their few
provisions and their small ship they
could not spend the winter in this rough
country. Many men have blamed him for
going away so soon. Whether Bering did
right it is not for us to say. We know
Steller's opinion, but Bering's we have
not heard. Steller said: "The only rea-
son for leaving was stupid obstinacy,
fear of a handful of natives, and pusil-
H
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
animous homesickness. For 10 years
Bering had equipped himself for this
great enterprise; the explorations lasted
10 hours." "We have gone over to the
New World," he said, "simply to bring
American water to Asia."
But however this may be, Bering had
none too much time for his return to
Kamachatka. Half his crew were sick
already, and the rest were none too
strong. Those who would stay here
longer, Bering said, forget "how far we
are from home and what may yet befall
us." So the St. Peter sailed homeward
on the wings of a southeast gale. In
the mist and fog the coast was invisible,
though the soundings showed that land
was not far away. Islands they sighted
from time to time, black, inhospitable
headlands, where the great surf broke
before the constant gales. They sailed
around the great island of Kadeah, nar-
rowly escaping shipwreck on an island
they called the Foggy one; but every
island is foggy in those wild, storm-
washed seas.
Once more they saw the tall, snow-
capped volcanoes of the mainland, as
they passed close below the seven high
rocks we call the Semidi; and whenever
the sun shone for a day the sea grew
rougher than ever, for a break in the
clouds of the north is the signal for a
new storm. Salted meats and hard bis-
cuit without change of diet brought on
the disease called scurvy. This comes
when men eat too much salt without
fruit or vegetables, and it shows itself
in loosened teeth which fall out of the
shrunken gums. Affairs grew worse and
worse, Bering and more than half his
men were sick, and when they came to
the 13 ragged, barren islands that rise
above the surf in the thick mist, they
landed there and carried the sick ones
ashore. One of the sailors, named Shu-
magin, died here, and so the islands are
called Shumagin to this day.
While the men searched for fresh water
Steller looked everywhere for roots and
berries with which to heal the men sick
with scurvy. Some of the most delicious
berries in the world grow on these islands;
and Bering was wonderfully helped by
them. The medicine chest, it was said,
contained "plasters and salves for half
an army," but no remedies for men who
were hurt inwardly by the poor food.
At the Shumagins the sailors filled
their water-casks, but they took water
from a pond into which the surf hao
broken, and when they came to drink it
the scurvy grew worse than ever. One
of their boats was wrecked as they went
on, and they had trouble with the Esqui-
maux on the shores. Still they sailed on,
with the east wind behind and the thick
cloud rack overhead.
Then the wind blew from the west *uid
rose from time to time into hurricanes.
"I know of no harder, more fatiguing
life," wrote one of Bering's officers, "than
to sail an unknown sea." And of all the
seas in the world, none is rougher than
the one the St. Peter sailed, and none
has such a wilderness of inhospitable
islands along its shores. When Bering's
men thought they were half-way home
they saw land to the north of them, still
another wild, inhospitable cliff, topped
by a snowy volcano. They called the
island St. Johannes, but its real name
is Atka, and there are many more such
before one comes to the end, where the
far west joins "the unmitigated east."
Still they sailed against the west wind,
which Steller said "seemed to issue from
a flue, with such a whistling, roaring
and rumbling that we expected every
moment to lose mast and rudder, or to
see the ship crushed between the break-
ers. The dashing of the heavy sea
against the vessel sounded like cannon."
They could not stand erect on the ship;
they could not cook. The few who were
well remained so because they did not
dare to get sick. All lost "their firmness
of purpose; their courage became un-
steady as their teeth." Still they sailed
on. It was as easy to do that as to re-
turn. Still another snow-topped island,
Amchitka, came in view to the north,
again to their great surprise, for they
thought they were in the open sea. They
knew nothing of the long line of Aleutian
volcanoes which pass in a great bow
from Alaska across to Kamchatka. They
sailed past Attu, the last of the Aleutian
islands. After a time they came to a
long, steep coast, running north and
south, which they took for Kamchatka.
Every one was overjoyed. Bering crawl-
HOW THE COMMANDER SAILED.
t5
ed from his bed to the deck, revived by
the sight of what seemed to be friendly
land, and in such fashion as they could
they celebrated their "happy return."
But though the land they found was
very different from the Aleutian islands,
and bore no volcano at its summit, they
could not recognize it, nor did they find
it hospitable. Medni island is a narrow
backbone of rock, shaped like a crosscut
saw, with wild cliffs and great r.eefs,
over which the surf breaks on the deep
green waves. There were no inhabitants,
no harbors, no landing places, and the
winds came down in wild gusts or "wil-
lie-waugs" from the snow-covered craggy
heights. A storm carried away their
mainsail, and as they drifted along, to
the northward, the island came to an
end in a cluster of jagged rocks. So it
could not be Kamchatka. Their joy gave
way to direst distress. The sailors broke
out in mutiny. Nobody cared for the
ship. It drifted on to the west with the
gentle wind beating against a little sail
at its foremast, but the ship with neither
helmsman nor commander.
Soon another island loomed up before
them, a shore of great flat-topped moun-
tains, ending in huge black vertical cliffs
at the sea. In a clear night they came
to anchor in a little bay to the north of
a black promoncory now called Tolstoi
Mys, the thick cape. In the great surf
"the ship was tossed like a ball," the
cable of their anchor snapped, and the
vessel came near being crushed on the
jagged rocks of the shore.
In the morning they landed in the lit-
tle sandy bay north of Tolstoi, and set
out in search for inhabitants. They found
none, for Bering's men were the first who
ever set foot on the twin Storm islands.
The little bay was surrounded by high
craggy steeps, without trees, overgrown
by dense moss, and cut by swift brooks.
The sailors, under Steller's direction,
built a house in the sand, and covered it
with driftwood and turf, and made its
walls of the carcasses of the foxes they
had killed for their skins. Everywhere
swarmed the little foxes, blue foxes and
white foxes, Eichkao and all his hungry
family, and those of the sailors who died
were devoured almost before they could
be buried. Other little huts they made
of driftwood and foxes, their floors dug
out of the sand.
Then Commander Bering, still helpless,
was placed in one of these. The vessel,
when he had left it, was beached by a
storm, and the crew dragged it up into
the sand, where it could be all winter.
The blue fox, the most greedy and selfish
of animals, hung around the camp all
winter, attacking the sick and devouring
the dead, almost before the eyes of their
friends. Of the 77, 31 died, among them
Bering himself. "He was," Steller said,
"buried alive; the sand kept constantly
rolling down upon him from the sides of
the pit and covered his feet. At first
this was removed, but finally he asked
that it might remain, as it furnished him
a little of the warmth he so sorely need-
ed. Soon half his body was under the
sand, and his comrades had to dig him
out to give him a decent burial."
So perished the great commander at
the age of 60 years. The island where
he died has ever since then been called
Bering island. The two great "Storm
islands," Bering and Medni, or Copper
island, have been called for him, Kom-
andorski, the Islands of the Commander,
and the great icy sea is known as Bering
sea. And his life and work, says Laurid-
sen, will ever stand as "living testimony
of what northern perseverance is able
to accomplish, even with the most hum-
ble means." In the spring of 1742 Stel-
ler and the rest made of the wreck oi
the St. Peter an open boat, in which
they traversed the 150 miles of the icy
sea between Bering island and Petropaul-
ski, and we need not follow them fur-
ther.
But their stay on Bering island is for-
ever famous for the discovery of the
"four great beasts" of the sea, on the
account of which Steller's fame as a nat-
uralist largely rests. These were the
sea cow, the sea otter, the sealion and
the sea bear.
In the giant kelp which grows on all
the sunken reefs, like a great tawny
mane, the sea cow had her home. A
huge, blundering, harmless beast, feeding
on kelp, shaped like a whale in body, but
with a cow-like head, a split upper lip
and a homely, amiable appearance, as be-
fits a beast of great ugliness who lives
i6
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
like a cow on weeds. The creature was
40 feet in length and weighed about three
tons. Bering's men soon found that the
seacow made good seasteaks. They fed
freely on her meat, and the sailors who
came after them in years to come de-
voured and destroyed them all. The last
one was killed in 1768, and its bones are
now among the treasures of the great
museums.
Next came the seat otter, a creature as
large as a good-sized dog, with long gray
fur, the finest of all fur for cloaks and
overcoats. The sea otter lived in the
sea about the islands, the female swim-
ming about in the kelp, with her young
in her arms, and making long trips from
place to place in search of food. The sea
otter is not extinct, but it is growing rare,
and a good skin is worth now from $500
to $1500.
The great sealion was a ponderous
beast, like the fur seal in figure and
habits, but much larger, the male weigh-
ing upwards of 1500 pounds. His huge
head is like that of a St. Bernard dog,
and his roar is one of the grandest sounds
on earth. It is a rich, mellow, double
bass, like the voice of a mighty organ,
and it can be heard for miles. The female
is much smaller, also yellowish gray in
color, and has also a rich bass voice an
octave higher. When a herd of sealions
are driven into the sea, they will rise
out of the surf at once and all together,
roaring in chorus. Such a wonderful
chorus can be heard nowhere else on
earth, and it is no wonder that the lion
of the sea made a great impression on
Steller. The sealions live in families on
the rocks, where the males fight for su-
premacy, often overturning huge boul-
ders in their struggles. The young are
cinnamon-colored, and when they are born
they look much like female fur seals, and
are almost as large. And when the old
males are fighting they toddle away, else
they will be crushed under the rocks, or
trampled on by huge, flappy feet.
But most interesting of all the great
beasts of the sea was the one Steller
called the sea bear, "Ursus Marinus,"
or, as men now call it, the "fur seal."
These creatures came on shore by the
thousands on the west coast of Bering
island, when the ice left the island in the
spring. They made their homes on the
rocks of Poludionnoye, as it were a great
city rising from the sea.
But the story of how "the great man
seal haul out of the sea" on Bering and
Medni and St. Paul and St. George and
Robben has been many times told, and
in many ways, so I need not give it
here.
But we can imagine how Steller looked
down on the slopes of Poludionnoye and
saw the old beach-masters roar and groan
and weep and blow out their musky
breath as they fought for supremacy.
We can see with him the trim ranks of
sleek and dainty matkas, tripping up ihe
beach as they come back from the long
swim. We can imagine the great groups
of snug kotiks that clustered about the
warring beach-masters, while along the
shores wandered and played the hosts of
young bachelors eager to keep near the
homes, but afraid to enter them till their
wigs and tusks had grown. We can
see them in countless hosts, trooping,
playing, sleeping on the sands, reckless
of drive and unharmed by clubs, and we
can understand the splendid enthusiasm
with which the discoverer of all these
things wrote of the "beasts of the sea."
And as a recompense for all the pain and
disappointment in Bering's life, we can
place the fact that he was the first. His
for all time are the twin Storm islands,
where the St. Peter was wrecked and tht
commander met his death, and his for-
ever shall be the great icy sea.
OVER THE BAR.
By LISCHEN M. MILLER.
(~\ N the loneliest of lonely shores, on
^ the very verge of the continent,
nestled close against the base of the
grassy headland, stands, or used to stand,
a little cabin built of driftwood.
From its low doorway one locks out
over a stretch of sand and surf and wind-
swept sea to the place where the sun
goes down. Northward the view is shut
off suddenly by the frowning cliff, upon
whose rugged front the waves beat cease-
lessly. It is a quiet and restful spot in
spite of its solemn grandeur, and one
grows into closer kinship with Nature
there. In those days travelers did not
often come that way, for there was no
road, only a narrow trail winding in and
out among the hills and along the brow
of the beetling cliff. The nearest human
habitation was a good 1.0 miles away to
the south.
One stormy night in November we
gathered about the driftwood fire that
oiazed upon the generous hearth in the
little cabin. Outside the wind shrieked
and howled, and the roar of the surf
was something awful to hear. The rain
beat furiously against the one small win-
dow and fell in sheets upon the "shakes"
overhead.
At every fresh outburst oi the tempest
we shivered, not from fear or cold, but
with a delicious sense of contrast — the
fury without, the warmth within.
"If it had happened on such a night
as this," said the captain, breaking
through the easy silence. "If it had hap-
pened on such a night, I could better
have understood the loss." His deep, full
voice had an unaccustomed ring of sad-
ness, and his face, showing like a splen-
did bronze in the ruddy firelight, wore a
retrospective look as he gazed into the
leaping flames.
"What was it that happened on a night
not like this?" asked Neja, saucily, from
her sealion pelt in the corner. Neja did
not share our respect for the captain.
She stood in no awe of him, or of any
one, in fact. She was a law unto her-
self.
The captain looked up at her question.
"I was thinking of my boys," he said.
"I must have spoken my thought uncon-
sciously."
The captain's wife leaned <.ver and
slipped her white hand into his strong
brown one. "Tell them about it, dear,"
she said, softly.
"Yes, tell us," we urged, for we bad
never heard the story, though we knew
that in some sad and unaccountable way
the two young men in question had met
their fate.
"It was three years ago," began the
captain, looking again into the Are.
"Three years ago. There were not more
than a dozen white settlers on the river
then, though the country was full of
Indians. There was, it is true, the sal-
mon cannery at the mouth of the river
where Neja has her claim, but the men
who worked there were brought in by the
company at the beginning of the season,
and taken out at its close. They were in
no sense settlers.
"We had come up, my boys and I, a
few months before, and located our land
and built our cabins, making the improve-
ments necessary to establishing claims.
My wife was still in the city, and I did
not then propose to bring her into this
wilderness. The boys were enthusiastic
over the evident resources of the coun-
try, the excellence of the harbor which
they had in a sense discovered, and were
full of plans for the future.
"Well, as I said, we had our cabins up
and fairly habitable, and as winter was
coming on, and it was unnecessary for us
all to remain here, Harold decided to
return to San Francisco to look after our
interests there till spring. A vessel had
come in to carry out the season's re-
sults in salmon, and it seemed a good
chance for Harold to return home with-
out the difficulties and delays incident
to the journey overland. Besides, the
i8
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
master of the Mist was short of men and
offered him a berth, which in it3elf was
an inducement, for our funds were run-
ning low.
"A few nights before the vessel was to
sail, as I lay wrapped in my blankets
before my cabin fire, I had a disturbing
dream. It made so strong an impression
upon me that I urged Harold to give up
his intended voyage. He only laughed at
my fears, and, indeed, I had to confess
them to myself foolish and ungrounded."
Here the captain lapsed into silence,
seeming to forget his audience in retro-
spection.
"Tell us the dream," ventured Neja,
softly, and the captain, always responsive
to her voice, whether grave or gay, con-
tinued:
"It was this: I dreamed that, standing
upon the shore, I watched the Mist, with
my two boys on board, sail out across
the bar. As I looked, a great wave lifted
her upon its mighty crest, held her sus-
pended thus a single instant, then, as if
she had been a painted toy, snapt her
beams asunder, and her parted decks
went down forever out of sight in the
gulfs of the sea.
"Well, the cargo was all stowed, the
water-casks filled and everything made
ready for departure. The weather was
fine, the bar as smooth as I have ever
seen it. The Mist was to sail in the
morning at floodtide, which would occur
about 10 o'clock. Harold was on board,
and late in the afternoon Fred took a
small boat and pulled out to the ship
where she lay anchored in the bend of
the river just opposite the cannery. He
meant to spend the night on board and
take leave of his brother in the morning.
"As I came down the coast and climbed
the hills above the cannery in the red
glow of the setting sun, I saw my brave
boys leaning over the ship's rail, and
waved my hand to them. They answered
gaily, and Fred laughingly called out
that he was going, too. Their words
came to me clearly and distinctly in the
stillness of the evening, and as I rode
along the shore I heard the voices of the
sailors and the shuffling of their feet as
they passed to and fro about their work.
"Late that night the people at the
cannery saw the ship's lights shining
quietly, and thought as they retired to
rest that all was well with her. At break
of day, when they looked out, she was
gone.
" 'Strange,' they said, 'that she should
attempt the bar in the night, and at low
tide, too,' and went about their work.
"A bank of fog lay close alongshore
and hid the white surf line and the bar,
not half a mile distant, whereat the men
grumbled, for it was a rare sight to see
a vessel sailing by, and they had looked
forward for days to the mild excitement
of watching the Mist cross the bar and
fade away into the distance down the
coast. They speculated variously about
the absent boat and her unaccountable
movements, commenting severely upon
the rashness of the captain in braving
the dangers of a practically unknown
bar in the darkness of night and at a
stage of tide considered unsafe even in
broad day.
"Along toward noon the fog cleared
away, and there, not more than a mile
to the southward and just outside the
breakers, lay the Mist, motionless, with
her sails still furled, evidently riding at
anchor.
"All day she lay there, and the men
on shore cast many a wondering glance
toward her, but she sent no signal or
sign of distress, only at irregular inter-
vals, in the breathless stillness, a long-
drawn, wailing cry came up from the
sea, the like of which they had never
heard before. Whether it came from
the ship, or from the sands or further
out they could not tell. Sound carries
strangely in the dead October calms that
hold these lonely regions as in a spell.
" 'Sealions, likely,' they said, and yet
they were mysteriously moved by it.
"The sun went down and the stars
came out, and the Mist faded to a dimly
discernible shadow. She hung out no
lights, which was in itself a thing to
cause comment. Something must be
wrong, and they resolved that if she still
lay there when morning came they would
try to discover what it was. Their vague
uneasiness would not let them sleep very
soundly that night. As soon as it was
light some one brought a glass and they
observed her long and carefully, only to
OVER THE BAR.
19
report that not a soul was to be seen on
board.
"Some of the men took a boat and
rowed across the river, and, walking over
the sandspit, came down to the shore
within hailing distance of the vessel
rocking idly just beyond the breakers.
They called and shouted themselves
hoarse, but elicited no response, nor
caught sight of any living thing on board.
But as they turned away, above the r^a?
of the surf rose a cry so wild, so weird
and mournful that their very hearts
stood still. Just once they heard it, and
they could have sworn that it came from
the deck of the deserted ship.
"No one thought of sleep that night.
The mystery surrounding the vessel out
there in the darkness was a thing that
oppressed them heavily.
"The morning of the third day found
them ready for action. It was out of
the question to carry any one of the heavy
fishing boats across the sands and launch
it through the always boisterous surf, but
the day was calm, with not a breath of
wind, and the bar lay as smooth as a
mountain lake. It would be an easy mat-
ter to pull out and back before there
should be any change in the weather.
Six of the best oarsmen in the place,
therefore, set off on the last of the tide
in the gray dawn. They pulled a steady
stroke, and the swiftly ebbing tide seem-
ed to fairly shoot them along and out
across the bar. When well outside they
turned southward, and those watching
from the shore could note the small boat
rise and fall with the swell of the sea.
"As for the men themselves, a silence
fell upon them as they turned toward
the ship, that was unbroken till they
came within a cable's length of her bows.
Then they rested upon their oars and
hailed. There was no answer. Again
they shouted, and a low, whining cry
thrilled the morning air. They rowed
slowly all around her. There was not
another sound heard from her decks, nor
had they sight of anything, human or
alive.
"The red and blue shirts of the sailors
were hanging aloft as if to dry. Her life-
boats were undisturbed. Everything
looked as it had looked when she lay in
the bend of the river three days before,
save that she seemed a little lower in
the water as she swung there in dan-
gerous proximity to the breakers, held
only by her kedge anchor. From her
stern dangled a rope, evidently the
painter of Fred's boat. This rope showed
a clean cut, as if it had been severed by
a sharp knife.
"They boarded her without difficulty.
As the first man stepped over the rail
the meaning of that weird cry was clear,
for there bounded to meet him 'Dis,' the
captain's handsome St. Bernard, gaunt
with hunger and wild with joy.
"They searched from stem to stern;
they went down into her hold; they look-
ed high and low, everywhere. Not a soul
was to be found. Save for 'Dis' the ship
was deserted. How, when or where it
was beyond them to determine. Nothing
but the men was missing. The sailors'
stormcoats and caps were lying in the
empty bunks, as if but a moment since
discarded; the ship's log, the captain's
private papers, the compass, all things,
in fact, were in place. If master and men
had left that ship alive they had left it
empty-handed. Their fate, the strange
and sudden disappearance, and the man-
ner of it, are shrouded in impenetrable
mystery.
"I never saw my boys again. But — "
The captain paused and glanced toward
his wife. There were tears glittering on
her long, dark lashes.
"Is there nothing more?" asked Neja
softly. "Did you never hear or find even
the least little hint or trace, nothing
that gave you any clue?"
"No," replied the captain; "nothing,
at least nothing that I could be sure of.
It is true that some six months later
the headless body of a man was picked
up on the beach 20 miles to the north;
that was thought by many to be that of
the captain of the Mist, from a pecu-
liarly-chased gold ring found on the
little finger of the left hand, but no one
ever really knew. No; there was noth-
ing, but — " The captain looked again at
his young wife. She shook her head
and smiled through her tears.
"That is another story, my dear," she
said; "another story altogether, and to-
night is not the time to tell it."
EDUCATION IN FRANCE.
"By SAMUEL JACQUES BRUN.
THE French youth is duly ushered into
the world under the auspices of a
"sage femme" of the village, and wrap-
ped in swaddling clothes like the infant
Jesus. In this costume of close wrap-
pings that gives little play to the limbs,
he is kept for the first six months; and
the mother and father will tell you that
it is a very good system, because a very
old one.
Within 48 hours after birth he takes
part in his first ceremony of state — the
registry at the mayor's office, and gets
his birth certificate, which fictitiously
reads that the child has been brought to
the mayor of the place, who ascertained
him to be a child of the male sex, and
whom the parents wish to have here reg-
istered under the names of, etc. Then
follows a period of banishment from the
parental presence, for most likely he is
placed with a nurse in the country dur-
ing his infancy, and upon his occasional
visits to mamma he may recognize her
but prefer his foster-mother. Even after
his return to his parents the bond be-
tween the two is kept up, and a certain
patronage expected by his foster-broth-
ers through life.
The youth, if he be the eldest, is early
impressed with his future responsibility
as head of the family. His conscious au-
thority asserts itself in many childish
comedies. As heir apparent and protector
of the honor of his house and the women,
he indulges in precocious fancies. He
vows to cherish his doting grandmother,
to shelter her in his house forever, and
to protect her even by means of blows
from any indignities from his wife. His
favorite aunt he has already, at the age
of 6 years, promised to marry, and as-
sures her he will wed no other.
Thus, early resenting the offices of the
match-makers, who would lead the par-
ents to decide the fate of their children
before they reach the age of self-asser-
tion. He does not, like many American
boys, grow up with books and magazines
in the home. Instead of the circle around
the evening lamp with the Youth's Com-
panion or Saint Nicholas, the French boys
gather around the hearth and listen to
story-tellers. Sometimes it is history,
sometimes romance; but always very real
like a voice out of their own past.
History and art he learns from oral
and object-lessons. The historic monu-
ments and ruins, the cathedrals, statues
and paintings are always to be seen or
accessible, and a constantly educating in-
fluence to the humblest citizen. The vil-
lage boy, though he is no student, has a
remarkable perception of good taste and
artistic fitness, which comes no doubt
from his contact with art in the church,
in public structures, and in public pa-
rades. He has also a keen appreciation
of what freedom means; for everywhere
he sees relics of tho broken bonds of
fuedal oppression.
His home work and his home play are
not unfamiliar to American boys, but a
glimpse of his school days, college and
military life and marriage customs may
be of some interest.
Guizot, in 1833, gave the first impetus
to public education in France, but up to
1870 there were public schools only in
the more enlightened communities. Poor
country villages had none, and many boys
and girls grew up entirely illiterate,
unable to either read or write their
names. To be sure, there were a few
private schools of a religious character,
but the children of the better class who
went to school at all did not like to go,
the schoolrooms were unattractive, the
lessons dry, and the teachers uninterest-
ing.
A Frenchman visiting the United States
in 1886, noticing how eager our boys and
girls were to attend school remarked:
"It is not so in France; they have to
be driven to school with a stick." Such
was the case previous to the Franco-
Prussian war.
That war, which caused the downfall
EDUCATION IN FRANCE.
21
of Napoleon III, also brought about a
great awakening in France. The great
men of that nation realized that Ger-
many's superiority lay in the education of
her humblest citizens. "The school-
teachers of Germany have beaten us,"
was the common saying, and France set
to work in earnest to popularize educa-
tion. There were many obstacles to be
overcome, not the least of which was the
economy of the peasantry. After the
schools were built and equipped, they re-
fused to take their children from work
to send them to school. So, for the good
of the children who were growing up in
ignorance, the government obtained from
parliament in 1882 a school law which
embodied two good provisions, viz., free
tuition and compulsory education, from
the age of 6 to 14. Inspectors were ap-
pointed to see that the provisions of the
law were complied with, and in case of
infraction the father or guardian was lia-
ble to three kinds of punishment. For
the first offense his name was to be post-
ed, either for two weeks or a month, in
the most conspicuous part of his village
or town; for the second offense, he was
to be fined from 11 to 15 francs, and for
the third offense sent to jail for five days
and even deprived of his political and
civil rights. The law has worked well,
and today there are fewer opponents to
its enforcement than there were 15 years
ago. Very few children are now illiter-
ate; it is no longer necessary to drive
them to school; they go of their own ac-
cord, and are as eager, almost, for an ed-
ucation as are American boys.
To give the details of the work in the
public schools would lead me too far, but
I will describe a feature of the system
not generally known. I refer to the cre-
ation of bureaus of savings in connection
with the government schools. The aim
of these bureaus is to cause children to
contract early habits of thrift and econ-
omy. France is a thrifty and rich na-
tion. She owes her wealth to her geo-
graphical position, to the fertility of her
soil, to the thorough cultivation of her
fields, to the intelligent preservation of
her forests; in short, to the proper hus-
banding of all her numerous resources.
But she also owes her material prosper-
ity in no small degree to the inborn
thriftiness of her inhabitants. It was to
further foster that trait of French char-
acter that the law was enacted. States-
men were quick to recognize that in the
possessions and comfort of the greatest
number depended the stability of their
institutions.
The creation of these bureaus of sav-
ings is not, however, compulsory. It is
mainly left to the individual initiative of
the school teachers, who are an able body
of patriotic men and women, and to pri-
vate benevolence. In the Department of
Basses-Pyrenees, a philanthropist, Mon-
sieur Tourasse, spent no less than $100,-
000 in taking upon himself the creation
of over 600 bureaus of savings, and en-
couraging by all legitimate means thrift-
iness in the scholars.
School boys and girls in all countries
get hold of pennies, which they often
waste on useless things. French boys
and girls once in a while get hold of
French sous, and it was with a view
to induce them to accumulate those sous
that bureaus of savings were started. In
1887 no less than 22,000 of those bureaus
were in operation, with a credit to the
scholars' side of $2,400,000.
The government accepts no amount
under one franc, or about 20 cents in
American money. Now, for a boy to
carry 20 cents in his pocket is a little
rash. If he does not lose his money he
will surely spend it. To save him from
either unfortunate predicament the school
teacher sells him as many penny stamps
as he has pennies to purchase them with.
The stamps the scholar pastes in a book
furnished him at his request by the
postal department. At the end of the
month, or oftener, if the teacher thinks
best, the books are gathered and sent to
the nearest postoffice. If the postoffice is
conveniently near, the boys themselves
may take their own books there. The
postmaster cancels the stamps and gives
the scholars credit on another book for
the amounts the stamps represent. The
scholars who are perseveringly saving of
their sous have soon a snug little sum to
their credit. This sum may be with-
drawn by the pupils with the father's or
guardian's consent, if they are under 16
years old, and without any one's consent
if above 16. By such a system school
children become small capitalists, and
their money is in safe keeping.
A NEW ERA IN OUR NATIONAL LIFE.
% B. B. <BEEKMAN.
THE 19th century has taught the world
that a great nation can be successfully
evolved upon the principles of justice
and equality. The problem as to wheth-
er the constitution of the United States
embodied a feasible plan of government
has long since been settled, and that
great charter of liberty remains a most
marvelous work of constructiveness. The
weak republic of 100 years ago has be-
come a mighty and puissant nation. The
constitution has grown, with each dec-
ade, in the affections of the people, and
our institutions have been jealously
cherished and guarded as sacred monu-
ments of constitutional liberty and free-
dom.
Government of the people, by the peo-
ple, and for the people has become an es-
tablished fact, and "shall not perish from
the earth." The great current of Amer-
ican life has been sweeping through the
century towards "liberty, equality and
fraternity."
The dominion of the republic has been
extended, in magnificent continuity, from
the rock-bound shore of the Atlantic to
the golden sands of the Pacific, and the
flag of the Union, enriched and glorified
by 32 additional stars, floats in triumph
over a land of almost limitless re-
sources. The tide of population, swell-
ing with the passing years, has swept
Westward, bearing on its bosom the
blessings and glories of the new civiliza-
tion.
The history of the United States during
the century has been one of unparalleled
progress, and the great republic stands
forth at the threshold of the 20th cen-
tury a mighty power pre-eminent in all
the elements that make a nation great.
With more than 70,000,000 of people, with
marvelous strength and resources, with
wide-extended trade and commerce, she
presents a splendid contrast to the feeble
republic of 100 years ago. In close touch
with the four quarters of the globe, her
foreign relations rival in magnitude and
importance the wonderful expansion and
development of her domestic affairs. A
mighty nation in a mighty age — the con-
ditions underlying our national life and
energy demand the adoption and main-
tenance of definite national policies com-
mensurate with our greatness. The
hegemony attained in the two Americas
in the early decades of the century im-
pelled the United States to the enuncia-
tion of a distinctively American doctrine
— a doctrine that the other powers of the
earth have been uniformly compelled to
respect. The Monroe doctrine, based in
part upon the principle of self-preserva-
tion and self-interest and in part upon
the sentiment of altruism, has become
an inseparable part of our governmental
policy — a doctrine that our liberty-loving
people are resolved to maintain and per-
petuate. Whatever may be the destiny
in store for the republics of the Americas,
the United States has once and for all
firmly decided that never again shall any
one of them pass under Old World dom-
ination; that these continents are and
of right ought to be dedicated forever to
the holy cause of freedom. The Monroe
doctrine guarantees our own future
safety and welfare, but equally does it
serve as a palladium to the liberty of the
weaker and less-favored peoples of this
hemisphere.
Startling as was the announcement of
the Monroe doctrine, and far-reaching as
have been the consequences flowing
therefrom, it remained for our govern-
ment to take a still more advanced step.
From 1895 the people of the United
States have followed with growing inter-
est and concern the heroic efforts of the
Cubans in their last and supreme strug-
gle for freedom, and desire for inter-
vention in their behalf has grown
stronger with the passing months. Ad-
miring and sympathizing with the valor
and heroism of the Cuban patriots, con-
vinced of the incapacity and inability of
Spain to subdue and conquer the insurg-
A NEW ERA IN OUR NATIONAL LIFE
23
ent forces, horrified at the cruelty of
Spanish warfare, and at length aroused
to deepest anger by the cowardly and
treacherous destruction of the battle-ship
Maine, and the murder of 266 of our
brave seamen, while in a supposedly
friendly harbor, the American people
with remarkable unanimity, declared and
promulgated, through the government at
Washington, the right and purpose to in-
tervene and end the long period of Span-
ish misrule in this beautiful isle of the
sea.
Once again has our never-conquered
nation donned the panoply of war, and
once again have its proud banners waved
in triumph. Never have more altruistic
and disinterested motives moved a peo-
ple to deeds of righteousness, and never
have the strength and power of a nation
been exerted in a more magnanimous un-
dertaking. Martyrs to Spanish treachery,
the blood of the Maine's seamen is upon
that despotic nation — but to them will
be reared a lasting memorial among men
— a new republic, another gem in the
crown of Freedom.
Our manifest national policy has been
foreshadowed by the conditions that have
been created. Averse to wars of con-
quest, and free from disturbing visions
of imperial power and grandeur, the na-
tion has become great beyond the dreams
of its founders. A new era is upon it —
a condition and not a theory confronts it.
Its traditions must be partially shattered
and its policy revised and shaped with
reference to the exigencies of the times.
In the future the words, "I am an Ameri-
can citizen," are to become a still prouder
boast, a password to higher respect, a
synomyn for governmental protection
commensurate with our national strength,
for —
"New occasions teach new duties; Time
makes ancient good uncouth;
They must upward still and onward who
would keep abreast of truth;
Lo! before us gleam our campfires; we
ourselves must pilgrims be;
Launch our Mayflower and steer boldly
through the desperate sea,
Nor attempt the future's portals with the
past's blood-rusted key."
Our extended trade and commerce, and
the economic considerations for the fur-
ther expansion thereof, our hegemony in
this hemisphere and the firmly establish-
ed doctrines it has entailed, and our in-
tricate and complex relations with the
world at large have greatly extended the
horizon of our governmental and national
duties and responsibilities, and are likely
to constantly bring us face to face with
critical questions, and often, perhaps, to
the verge of conflict. We can no longer
trust to chance, and to maintain peace
and security we must be able to re«ort to
and exercise force whenever necessary.
The surest guarantee of peace is pre-
paredness for war, and upon this truism
we should base and shape our future
course. This country in its resources is
sufficient unto itself, but every considera-
tion of public policy demands the ability
to act immediately when danger threat-
ens. American conditions do not call
for an armed imperialism, but do re-
quire an easily available military reserve
force and a naval strength commensurate
with our national dignity. ■ Against pos-
sible foreign attack and invasion our har-
bors and coast cities should be rendered
invulnerable, and wherever American
commerce and interests extend there
should float our flag over ships and fleets
of war.
We front two oceans, and our trade
relations extend to Orient and Occident,
from northern ice-bound coasts to dis-
tant lands upon which shines the south-
ern cross. Here and there our war vessels
should be seen, and as, in naval warfare
of today, coal is king, strong and forti-
fied strategic stations and outposts
should be maintained. Again, naval as
well as commercial interests demand that
our Eastern and Western states be more
closely joined, and to that end the United
States should at once construct the Nic-
aragua canal to furnish short and speedy
passageway for all our ships. Every cit-
izen is proud of our present navy, and
will eagerly hail its steady increase un-
til our flag shall float on every sea and
American men and ships and guns shall
everywhere and always be ready to main-
tain against any foe the rights of the
humblest citizen, and to protect our in-
terests whatsoever they may be. We
glory in the past deeds and achievements
of our military and naval heroes, and we
know full well that American valor and
24
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
daring, skill and genius still exist. We
have given to fame a Jones, a Lawrence,
a Perry, a Decatur, and a Farragut, and
we have startled the world with the
brave and invincible Dewey.
In the light of past events, in the face
of present deeds, we welcome the new
era, and shall hail with pride and joy
the inauguration of a more vigorous
naval and military policy.
In the broader conditions of our na-
tional life, in our extensive foreign rela-
tions, in our expanding commerce, and
in our extended governmental policies,
we must recognize correspondingly in-
creased duties and responsibilities. The
hour is come for the United States to
shake off the apparent lethargy of the
last three decades and prepare to meet
successfully any crisis that may occur.
We are not eager for colonization in and
of itself, but we are desirous of trade re-
lations throughout the world, and the
exigencies of the times point to the hold-
ing of certain strategic points beyond
our shores. The near future is very like-
ly to witness the Americanization of the
isles of the seas, and to behold the un-
furling of the Stars and Stripes over
alien races and strange lands. Our aims,
though conservative, are determined and
certain of accomplishment, and having
reaped the fruits thereof we must be pre-
pared to preserve and protect them. Our
future foreign policy must be marked
with vigor, albeit leavened with conserv-
atism, and foreign aggression and inter-
ference be less brooked than heretofore.
Identity of interests may some day ob-
literate the differences of the past, and
cause —
"Strand to nearer lean to strand,
Till meet beneath saluting flags,
The lion of our mother land,
The eagle of our native crags!"
The events of the times are pointing
in that direction, and should mutual In-
terests be superadded to common tongue
and law and faith and an Anglo-Ameri-
can co-operation or alliance result, the
conjoined forces of the Anglo-Saxon
race would insure the most magnificent
safeguard of free government. But
whether or not this mighty race shall
hereafter act in unison and jointly guar-
antee the continuance and extension of
popular rule, America must be pre-
pared not only to defend and maintain
her own national honor and prestige, but
also to prevent aggression and interfer-
ence in the affairs of her less-favored
sisters to the south.
QUATRAIN.
When first my sky with clouds was overcast,
"Alas!" I cried, "The joys of life are past."
But now the clouds have fled, the joys re-
main,
All sweeter grown, as violets after rain.
—Florence May Wright.
s
<
s
E
w
Q
3
THE OREGON EMERGENCY CORPS.
By SMrs. LEVI YOUNG.
I N response to an appeal from the state
military board, at the first "call to
arms," the Oregon Emergency Corps was
organized in Portland April 27, with Mrs.
Henry E. Jones, president; Mrs. W. A.
Buchanan, vice-president; Mrs. F. E.
Lownsbury, secretary, and Mrs. Martin
Winch, treasurer. Mrs. O. Summers,
Mrs. A. Meier, Mrs. Levi White, Mrs. W.
T. Gardner, Mrs. B. E. Miller, Mrs. J. E.
Wright, Mrs. E. C. Protzman, Mrs. R. S.
Greenleaf, Mrs. G. F. Telfer and Mrs. J.
M. Ordway constituted an executive com-
mittee. The purpose of the organization
was to assist the military board in pro-
viding material comforts for the Second
regiment, Oregon volunteers, and to
soften the transition from civil to army
life for the raw recruit. And the society
was composed of women from every walk
of life, who hastened to enroll as mem-
bers and offer their services in the name
of patriotism.
The first work of the corps was to raise
a regimental fund and to supply such
needful articles for the soldier's knapsack
as army quartermasters do not keep in
stock. At Camp McKinley, where the
Second regiment was being introduced to
military life, members of the corps were
daily visitors, and nothing that loving
hearts and willing hands could do to
add to the well-being of volunteers was
left undone. The membership grew into
the hundreds, subscriptions and funds
came pouring from every side and from
unexpected sources. Rooms were kept
open at 132 First street and came to be
known as headquarters for all interested
in patriotic work. And meetings were
held every Saturday afternoon in the
Armory. Meantime circular letters had
been sent to the towns throughout the
state, urging the women to form auxil-
iary societies for the purpose of raising
money to swell the regimental fund and
help in purchasing a flag to be presented
to the volunteers by the women of Ore-
gon. Hood River was the first to re-
spond, with Roseburg, Pendleton, Cor-
vallis, Hillsboro, La Grande, Lafayette,
Hubbard, Weston, Woodburn, Astoria
and The Dalles quickly falling into line.
Faithfully have these auxiliaries labored
in the cause of the soldier, meeting
promptly and willingly every call from
the mother corps.
Sunday, May 8, a sacred and patriotic
concert was given at Camp McKinley
The presence of over 10,000 people wag
an evidence of the zeal and interest felt
by the public. The programme was fur-
nished by the First Regiment band, Miss
Rose Bloch and Madame Norelli.
It was a scene never to be forgotten
by that audience, when, at the close ot
the evening drill, the Stars and Stripes
were slowly lowered at the booming of
the sunset gun, and the long lines of
volunteers listened to the strains of the
"Star-Spangled Banner," floating out
upon the evening air.
When, May 16, the First battalion, un-
der command of Major Gantenbein, and
a week later the remaining companies,
with Colonel Summers in command, left
for San Francisco, the Emergency Corps
gave to each of the 10 captains and to
Major M. H. Ellis, the regimental su-
geon, $100, besides sundry supplies
necessary to the health and comfort of
the men.
In addition to looking after the welfare
of the Oregon volunteers, the corps re-
ceived and fed all troops passing through
Portland on the way to the front, and
whenever called upon fitted out recruits
from its own and other states, and sent
fever bandages, caps and cordials to San
Francisco. There has never at any time
been a lack of funds when funds were
needed, and every call upon the corps
has been promptly met. Finding it ad-
visable to extend the work, and in order
to secure transportation of supplies
through military lines at Manila, the
Oregon Emergency Corps, in July, under
the direction of Judge Sheldon, an au-
>
O
S
«
<
o
«
o
w
P
Hfa/ffA'O/V* Iq/swo\>
SCENES AT CAMP McKINLEY.
THE OREGON EMERGENCY CORPS.
29
thorized officer of the National Red Cross
Society, affiliated with that organization.
The wisdom of this step was demonstrat-
ed a few weeks later, when the govern-
ment gave transportation to Manila to
two Oregon nurses, Dr. Frances Woods
and Miss Lena Killiam. These nurses
were selected, outfitted and sent forward
supplied with funds by the Oregon
Emergency Corps and Red Cross Society.
In August the society sent its president,
Mrs. Henry E. Jones, and Mrs. Levi
Young to San Francisco to investigate
the conditions reported to exist at Camp
Merritt.
(As a result of their visit there such
active measures were brought to bear by
an indignant public as went far toward
improving the situation of the soldier at
this unhappy camp. — Editor.)
The formation of a state Red Cross
Society speedily grew to be a necessity of
the times, and on the 23d of September,
in a convention called for the purpose by
the mother corps, the state organization
was effected. Delegates were present from
the auxiliary and other patriotic relief
societies throughout Oregon. Mrs. Henry
E. Jones, president of the Portland corps,
was elected to that office in the state so-
ciety; Mrs. Levi Young became vice-
president; Mrs. F. E. Lownsbury, secre-
tary, and Mrs. E. C. Protzman, treasurer.
The Oregon Emergency Corps, organized
to meet an exigency, thus became a per-
manent society, incorporated under the
laws of Oregon, and endowed with full
power to act at all times in the larger in-
terests of humanity, at the same time
preserving its right to perform in the
manner that seems best any local work
that comes within its reach.
"WESTWARD HO!
What strength! what strife! what rude un-
rest !
What shocks! what half -shaped armies met!
A mighty nation moving west,
With all its steely sinews set
Against the living forests. Hear
The shouts, the shots of pioneer.
The rended forests, rolling wheels,
As if some half-check'd army reels.
Recoils, redoubles, comes again,
Loud sounding like a hurricane.
O bearded, stalwart, westmost men,
So tower-like, so Gothic built!
A kingdom won without the guilt
Of studied battle, that hath been
Your blood's inheritance. . . . Your heirs
Know not your tombs: The great plow-shares
Cleave softly through the mellow loam
Where you have made eternal home,
And set no sign. Your epitaphs
Are writ in furrows. Beauty laughs
While through the green ways wandering
Beside her love, slow gathering
White starry-hearted May-time blooms
Above your lowly level'd tombs;
And then below the spotted sky
She stops, she leans, she wonders why
The ground is heaved and broken so,
And why the grasses darker grow
And droop and trail like wounded wing.
Yea, Time, the grand old harvester,
Has gather'd you from wood and plain.
We call to you again, again;
The rush and rumble of the car
Comes back in answer. Deep and wide
The wheels of progress have passed on;
The silent pioneer is gone.
His ghost is moving down the trees,
And now we push the memories
Of bluff, bold men who dared and died
In foremost battle, quite aside.
—Joaquin Miller.
" WAS HE JUSTIFIED?"
A more delightful traveling compan-
ion than Harriet could not be desired.
Virginia thought her young sister charm-
ing, and even the sweet-faced nuns at
the convent accepted her as a happy
interruption to their serenely monoto-
nous quiet.
"She is the spirit of the West, an em-
bodiment of its free winds, its rushing
crystal rivers, its untamed grandeurs,"
sighed the mother superior, recalling a
journey she had once made to the slope
beyond the Rockies.
"She is certainly untamed," replied
Sister Agatha, who was to accompany
the two girls to New York, and who
was receiving her instructions for the
journey in the privacy of the mother's
sitting-room, "I tremble to think of her
inflence over Virginia."
"Virginia is secure," said the mother
superior. "It is she who will wield the
stronger influence. You understand
clearly what it is you have to do?'"
"It is very simple, is it not? I am
to deliver the young ladies into the hands
of the father who will be waiting to re-
ceive them. All provisions for their com-
fort will have been arranged. And I am
then to bid them good-bye and return
at once to Montreal. Is it not so?"
It was so, and after a few words of
admonition and warning, Sister Agatha
was dismissed, and the mother superior
sat musing in the dusk alone. It was
five years since Virginia had entered the
convent doors, brought thither by her
young husband. A mere child she had
seemed to the gentle sisters; timid and
silent, yet eager to explore the realms
of learning. They had watched and
guided her mental growth. The gradual
unfolding of her woman's nature had
been a beautiful spectacle to them. It
was as if some lovely flower nourished
and protected by their tender care had
blossomed to reward them with its sweet-
ness. They had shared her simple joys,
and her sorrow had been theirs. In all
things they felt she was their own, and
they would miss her when she went
away, out into the great world to play her
part in the drama of life. The mother
superior sighed when she thought of the
trials and temptations that might beset
the path of her young favorite. And
then, for she was a woman, and had a
woman's love of romance still in spite of
convent walls, black veil and ivory cruci-
fix, she fell to dreaming of a future for
Robert Raymond's widow, in which one
who was near and dear to her should play
the part of the prince.
"May I come in, mother?" a soft
voice broke through her dreaming.
"My child, yes, come in."
Virginia moved forward in the warm
darkness of the narrow room, and knelt
at the mother's knee. "It is the last
night," she said. "I wanted to come
to you to tell you how deeply, truly
grateful I am for all your loving care
and kindness. This roof has been my
home for five happy years, and now
when I am going away, perhaps forever"
— her voice broke — "O mother, mother, I
want to stay with you. I am afraid,
afraid of the world." Mother Elizabeth
laid her hand upon the young head bowed
upon her knee.
"My child, why do you fear?" she
asked.
"I do not know," murmured Virgina.
"Only I am terrified. When I think of
what may come I feel so alone."
"You have your sister. She has cour-
age enough for two."
Virginia smiled through her tears. "Har-
riet is afraid of nothing," she said. "She
is eager to see the world; but I do not
care for this journey across the seas.
If it were not for Harriet I should give
it up even now."
"It is best that you should go, my child.
Besides," she hesitated, then went on,
"there is one who will be disappointed
if you do not."
Virginia was silent. She was wonder-
ing, as she had often wondered of late,
how it was that her future seemed or-
dered for her. That while no direct oppo-
sition was made to her expressed wishes
"WAS HE JUSTIFIED?"
3i
she yet found all her own planning futile,
over-ruled or set aside as by a strong,
invisible hand. And her fortune, too.
Harriet had called her a "rich widow,"
and she was puzzled, for she did not
understand how it could be, or where her
fortune came from, if she really had
one. Robert had told her that he had
nothing that he did not earn, and his
salary was not large, barely sufficient
to pay their combined expenses, and yet
she could not deny that she lacked for
nothing. It was in her mind to question
the mother superior concerning this seem-
ing mystery, but something held her
dumb. Perhaps it was a vague intuition
that her questions would be ignored.
They talked of other things presently;
of the places she was to visit, of Italy
and of the holy father, the pope, whom
Mother Elizabeth had seen once in her
youth, and of the wonders of Rome — the
churches, the palaces and the pictures.
When at last Virginia said good night
and went away to her own little cell-like
room she was as eager to see the world
as Harriet herself.
The journey to New York was accom-
plished without accident or adventure of
any sort, much to Harriet's expressed
disappointment.
"Never mind," she confided to Virginia,
"just wait till we get out from under
the shadowing wing of Sister Agatha, and
we will create a sensation."
"We will do nothing of the kind," re-
plied Virginia, with unexpected firmness.
"If we cannot be trusted to conduct our-
selves with becoming modesty we will
return to Montreal with Sister Agatha."
"Dear me!" cried Harriet, "I didn't
mean that we were to do anything shock-
ing or bold. Only you know yourself
that people fight shy of nuns."
They were in the parlor of the hotel,
waiting for Sister Agatha. They stopped
their discussion as she entered, and were
surprised to note that she was not alone.
At her side walked a Catholic priest.
Something in his face and manner
struck Virginia as oddly familiar; but
it was not until she heard him speak
that she recalled where and when she
had met him before. At sound of his
voice the memory rushed back upon her
of the fair October morning, when she
had stood under the oak trees with Rob-
ert's arm around her, and this man's
words had made them one. She felt again
the warm air on her cheek and brow,
and heard the crickets in the grass and
the laughter of the debonnaire youth
gaily bidding Robert lead his bride out
into the sunshine. And swift on this an-
other face flashed before her, and then
was gone; the dark, handsome face of
Robert's friend, whom she had seen just
that once, and to whom, Robert always
insisted, he owed everything.
If the priest recognized her he gave no
sign. He expressed his pleasure at being
able to act as their escort on the coming
voyage; made a few commonplace re-
marks concerning the probable state ot
the weather, and left them.
They were to sail next morning. There
was some necessary shopping to be done,
that occupied the afternoon, and it was
not until the sisters were in their own
room and preparing to retire that Har-
riet ventured to express herself.
"Are we never to get rid of the Cath-
olics?" she cried. "Sister Agatha is bad
enough, but a priest! It is simply be-
yond human patience to endure. I shall
shock him fifty times a minute; I know
I shall. I am not used to priests. Why
don't you assert yourself and tell them
we are quite capable of taking care of
ourselves?"
"Because," replied Virginia, seriously,
"I am not sure that we are, and, besides,
I am too grateful to Mother Elizabeth
for providing us with an escort on this
long journey."
"Oh, well, if you take that view of
the case, I shall have to make the best
of it, I suppose. However, I'm thank-
ful for one thing. He's handsome as a
Greek god, and I mean to flirt with
him all the way over."
"Harriet!" exclaimed her sister, shock-
ed beyond the power of words to express.
"Is nothing sacred to you?"
"Not even the priesthood? Don't look
so horrified. A priest is only a man, in
spite of his dress, and your Father Ro-
quet is a very handsome man, an un-
usually handsome man. It's a shame the
Catholic priesthood is sworn to celibacy.
I think I'd prefer Father Roquet to a
duel coronet or even to Billy Spencer."
32
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
But Virginia was too deeply hurt to
respond to the jest. To her the church
and all that pertained to it was holy, and
Harriet's remarks were nothing short of
sacrilege.
"There," cried the latter, "I've said
something perfectly awful, I suppose; hut
I didn't mean to offend you, Virgie. You
see I'm not used to the 'church,' as you
call it. If you'll forgive me this time I'll
solemnly promise not to look at Father
Roquet from the time we leave New York
till we arrive in Liverpool or London, or
wherever we drop him; and, I was only
joking, anyway."
"I cannot bear to hear you speak light-
ly of such things," said Virginia, submit-
ting to a shower of penitent kisses.
"Father Roquet," Harriet remarked, in
one of her letters home, "seems to have
no other mission in life than the safe con-
voy of two charming and helpless young
women to their destination over the seas.
Virginia's dependence puzzles and amuses
me. I don't believe she has the least idea
where we are going to stop in London,
or what we are going to do while there.
When I question her about it, she invar-
iably replies that Mother Elizabeth has
arranged everything, or that Father Ro-
quet will attend to it. And I must confess
Father Roquet seems equal to anything.
He is not one bit like my idea of a priest.
In the first place, he is too good looking
in spite of his gray hair, and he is per-
fectly devoted to Virginia. He's been
everywhere and seen everything, and is
the life of the captain's table, where we
are fortunate enough to be placed at
meals. The stories he tells of frontier life
and experiences are better than novel
tales, and he's lived in Oregon, too; seems
to know everybody in that part of the
world worth knowing. For real, live com-
pany, give me a Catholic father every
time. I am thinking very seriously of
becoming a fraction of the mother church
myself, but don't tell Billy Spencer. He
inclines to Methodism, if I haven't for-
gotten, and I may have to fall back upon
Billy after all, though I haven't given up
the hope of capturing a title yet."
"Oh! dear," sighed Mrs. Dalgren, when
she read this effusion of her second daugh-
ter. "Will Harriet never be serious or
sensible? I wish she would write letters
that I could read to the children without
having to skip whole pages." But she,
nevertheless, found Harriet's vivacious ac-
counts very interesting, and, if she had
confessed the truth to herself, preferred
them to Virginia's sweetly formal ones.
She dreamed many dreams, this loving
mother, in the quiet seclusion of the Ore-
gon homestead, where her girls were
growing up around her, all of them with
increasing promise of beautiful woman-
hood. There were four younger than Har-
riet, not to mention the boys, and she is
to be pardoned if she hoped that Har-
riet's predictions about the duke might
be realized. If they were not, there al-
ways remained, of course, Billy Spencer.
And any girl might do worse than to take
Billy, with his cattle ranch on Camp
Creek, and his bands of horses in the
range "east of the mountains." As for
Virginia, it was vaguely understood by
her family that Robert had left her well
provided for, and a young widow with
money and no incumbrances had nothing
left to wish for in Mrs. Dalgren's esti-
mation of the case. It had been just the
reverse with her. She had had the in-
cumbrances and very little else, and the
struggle had been a desperate one till that
unexpected and mysterious check had
come as if to console her for the loss of
her firstborn. Since then things had gone
fairly well; though, with so many to
clothe and to educate, careful economy
was always needed in the administration
of the affairs of the homestead.
The story of Virginia's romantic mar-
riage was almost forgotten in the neigh-
borhood. It had turned out so disappoint-
ingly well that it had early ceased to be
interesting.
The Lamonts had drifted out of the
state, having, through some questionable
speculations, lost both wealth and much-
vaunted respectability, and everybody
said: "I told you so; I always knew
there was something not just right about
that family. They were altogether too
respectable to last."
And so time had gone and continued to
go. Virginia's year abroad lengthened
to two. They were having the loveliest
time in the world, Harriet wrote. They
went everywhere, and saw everything and
everybody worth seeing. They lived well
"WAS HE JUSTIFIED?"
33
and dressed well. Virginia was univers-
ally admired, and she had her own share
of attention. Their wants were always
supplied. They seemed to have the purse
of Fortunatus; it was never empty, no
matter how much they took out of it.
"Though, to tell the truth," she added,
"my elder sister has the simplest tastes
in the world; she never seems to think
about herself, what she shall eat or wear,
and yet is always lovely, while I spend
hours fussing over my clothes, and often
look a perfect fright in spite of it all."
At last the welcome news arrived that
they were coming home; would sail on
a certain date. Then letters from New
York; they would stop in San Francisco
for a few days, and finally a telegram
from the last-named city:
"Virginia married this morning. Ex-
pect me the 20th. Explanations on ar-
rival. HARRIET."
There was suppressed excitement at the
homestead when this announcement was
received. Virginia married, and no word
or hint of an engagement! It was be-
yond belief, and yet, but stay, this was
the 19th! That telegram had lain at Eu-
gene for nearly a week. Harriet would
be home tomorrow, and, best of good luck,
there was Billy Spencer at the gate with
him pet team — a pair of high-bred bays
that had a record of speed not to be de-
spised. Billy Spencer was welcomed with
open arms, and the case laid before him.
He jumped at the chance to drive down
and bring Harriet home. He suggested
putting the bays to the family carriage
and taking Mrs. Dalgren and Kitty along
to welcome the returning wanderer. As
for Virginia's marriage, it did not much
concern him. He had room in his thought?,
but for one thing — Harriet was coming
home, and so nearly as he could make out,
as free as to her affections as when she
went away.
(To be continued.)
OCTOBER.
Fire! fire! upon the maple bough,
The red flames of the frost.
Fire! fire! by burning woodbine, see,
The cottage-roof is crossed.
The hills are hid by smoky haze;
Look, how the roadside sumachs blaze!
And, on the withered leaves below,
The fallen leaves like bonfires glow.
— Mariou Douglas ill " Keligious Herald."
IN THE BEGINNING.
A Continuation of the Record of Oregon's Pioneers
Commenced in "\cDrift."
A striking figure in those early days at
Fort Vancouver was James Douglas, the
close companion and trusted friend of Dr.
McLoughlin, and his opposite in every
respect save one. One attribute they had
in equal measure, courage, indomitable
courage, a high-born fearlessness, that
held them always true to the nobler con-
ceptions of life and to the great interests
and responsibilities placed in their hands.
Among the many lasting friendships that
grew up between man and man on the
rugged frontier there is none more sug-
gestive of romance than this loyal affec-
tion of two strong natures, mutually at-
tracted and indissolubly bound together
by their very differences.
It was while Dr. McLoughlin was sta-
tioned at Fort William, on Lake Superior,
that James Douglas, then a youth of 17
years, was sent out by the Hudson's
Bay Company to join him. A Douglas
from Scotland — heroic associations clus-
ter about the name, a gentleman by birth
and breeding, with the manners of the
court, brought to grace the lonely life
at that isolated trading post in the track-
less wilderness. It is not surprising that
Dr. McLoughlin's heart warmed toward
the boy from the first, and that he grew
to love and regard him as a younger
brother. In all the years that followed,
with their changing, shifting scenes,
James Douglas stood closer to the great
head of the great company than any
other living soul.
There was a grandeur about Dr. Mc-
Loughlin, a certain broad-mindedness,
a large and liberal comprehension not
only of his own time and its tendencies,
but of the future, which Douglas lacked.
The latter possessed resolution of char-
acter, a stern devotion to duty and was
severely methodical in habit, but his air
of lofty reserve was in decided contrast
to the genial frankness and open man-
ner of the governor.
There were other interesting charac-
ters at Fort Vancouver in that day, not-
ably Peter Skeen Ogden, son of the chief
justice of Quebec, and a successful trad-
er. He was the recognized wit of that
by no means stupid company, and his
gay good nature went far toward com-
pensating for an evident lack of culture.
There was Frank Ermatinger, also a
good trader, and nicknamed "Bardolph,"
on account of certain habits he had. And
Thomas McKay, famous for his ability
to tell a story and to tell it entertain-
ingly. A rare nature, that of young Mc-
Kay, a strange mixture of Indian and
white, of savagery and refinement. He
seemed to have inherited the best traits
of both races. From his beautiful Ojib-
way mother he no doubt derived his deep
love of nature, and an understanding of
her manifold mysteries. The woods, the
water, the towering hills and the vaulted
sky were to him as the printed pages of a
are to other men, wherein he read the
signs and secrets of the changing sea-
sons and interpreted them for his com-
panions. His father, lost on the ill-
fated Tonquin, bequeathed to him cer-
tain civilized tastes and inclinations. He
was half white and all Indian. Much
given was he, in after years, to brood-
ing over the tragic ending of his father's
life. At such periods of gloomy reflec-
tion he was silent, unapproachable. He
had more than once been heard to vow
a terrible and bloody vengeance upon
the guilty tribe, but though he was not
deficient in courage, the white blood in
his veins held him passive.
He was tall and straight and strong, as
most men were in those days. There
was little of the Indian apparent in his
face, save the smoldering fire in his mid-
night eyes. A handsome man, as many of
mixed-blood are, and a man to be trust-
ed, as Dr. McLoughlin well knew. His
mother, the widow of Thomas McKay,
became the lawful wife of the governor,
and he himself married first a Chinook
woman, the mother of William McKay,
of Pendleton, and after her death the
daughter of Montoure, the confidential
clerk of the company. The son of this
second union was the famous scout, Don-
ald McKay, of whom more will be told
later.
OUR POINT OF VIEW.
Emerson declares the world to be "an
assemblage of gates and opportunities,"
and Disraeli says that "opportunity is
more powerful than conquerors or
prophets." It is a belief in both of these
significant statements that has induced
the publication of this magazine, for to
observers of the situation it is apparent
that the "gate" stands open, and as we
enter it we look forward to the future
with confidence — confidence born of the
realization that there is a wealth of ma-
terial here that has lain practically un-
touched, that along our broad rivers and
under our towering snow-crowned peaks
it lies waiting to be gathered up, pre-
served and given to the world of litera-
ture— confidence born of the belief that
inevitably there will be a third great
world center and that it will be on this
coast — confidence in the need of a maga-
zine here to meet the demands of the
times and to voice the literature and art
of this great Northwest, and confidence
born of the determination to take ad-
vantage of the "open gate," to enter this
field and meet whatever untoward condi-
tions that may confront us and conquer
them.
This century has been a century of
remarkable and bewildering changes, but
on the political horizon probably none
have been more far-reaching in their
effects than those we have just witnessed.
Spain has lost her last foothold in the
Western hemisphere which she discov-
ered, we have extended our domain to
the Hawaiian islands, and other changes,
more momentous than we now dream of,
have taken, or are now taking place.
The possibilities of this Pacific coast for
development in agriculture, mining,
manufacturing, shipbuilding and com-
merce have attracted the attention of the
world, which has suddenly realized that
a young but sturdy giant has arisen, and
must henceforth be taken into consider-
ation in the adjustment of the affairs ot
the nations. What we wish to especially
emphasize, however, is the fact that the
unanimous opinion of conservative men
is to the effect that the future develop-
ment of the world and the events of
international importance are to take
place on the shores of the Pacific. Add
to this the fact that our part of the Pa-
cific coast is the nearest outlet for the
resources of Alaska, and something of
the vast possibilities of this region can
be gained. It is a belief in these things,
a faith in the glorious future of our Pa-
cific coast and consequently in ourselves
that has brought about the publication
of The Pacific Monthly. It is no lighi
burden to bear the responsibilities that
such a work imposes. We appreciate
this, and shall do our best to carry it
to the satisfaction of our readers, and
though this, our first number, is but a
modest attempt at some of the things at
which we aim — to establish a magazine
that will be a fit representative of the
young and virile West, a magazine of
literature, art, education and progress, a
record of our unique history and tradi-
tions— we believe that it will be received
with encouragement and commendation.
*
The consolidation of "Drift," the first
issue of which was published in August,
and "The Pacific Monthly" enables us to
give our readers a larger and better
magazine for less money than was pos-
sible before. The publishers of "Drift,"
like those of "The Pacific Monthly," real-
ized that there is a demand and a
field for a magazine here, and in answer
to this demand each began working out
plans, ignorant of the other's intentions.
The consolidation has been effected in the
full belief that "in union there is
strength," and the combination begins its
career under the happiest auspices.
One of the most daring prophecies in
history was made when William H. Sew-
ard, in 1852, said in the course of a
speech in the senate:
36
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
"Henceforth European commerce, Eu-
ropean politics, European thought and
European activity, although actually
gaining force, and European connections,
although actually becoming more inti-
mate, will nevertheless relatively sink in
importance; while the Pacific ocean, its
shores, its islands and the vast region
beyond will become the chief theater of
events in the world's great hereafter."
When Mr. Seward made that remark-
able prophecy the Pacific coast was prac-
tically an unknown land. The railroad
and telegraph had not yet pushed west
of the Mississippi, and this coast had
no regular commerce with the Orient.
China had opened only a few ports to
the world, and Japan was a place sur-
rounded by mystery. In the light of
today, and especially of recent events,
Seward's prophecy is most extraordinary.
A writer in The Watchman shows how
completely it is being fulfilled. He says:
"In the ten years ending in 1894, while
the ships of the Atlantic and Gulf states
decreased 710 in number and 135,000 in
tonnage, those of the Pacific coast in-
creased 499 in number and 121,690 in ton-
nage. Australia is the commercial won-
der of the nineteenth century. Japan
has advanced to a first rank among na-
tions. The resouces of China are to be
opened to Western civilization. Siberia
is to become a thoroughfare of the world's
commerce, and the czar is to be as strong
in the North Pacific as in the Baltic. The
interests of America and of Europe, as
well as of Asia, are today largely on the
shores of the Pacific."
With Seward's remarkable insight into
the affairs of the world, if he could stand
here at the threshold of the twentieth
century, how much more brilliant a future
he might predict for us now.
*
The importance of a nearer waterway
for the United States from ocean to ocean
than around Cape Horn has been clearly
demonstrated by the Oregon's long race
against time from San Francisco to Cuba.
It is conceded now by even the most
conservative that a canal across the isth-
mus would be a great convenience in time
of war, but it is also plainly apparent to
the ordinary observer that it would be
not only a convenience in time of peace
but that it has become a necessity. Com-
mercial interests demand its early, its
immediate construction. Not to the Pa-
cific coast alone will the benefits incident
to its completion accrue. The Atlantic
seaboard will gain nearly if not quite as
much as the Occident, and since the cities
of the East are beginning to awaken to
a knowledge of this important fact there
is reason to hope for speedy action in
the case.
Extracts from the World's interview
with Joseph Chamberlain:
"What about the Philippines, Mi1.
Chamberlain?" was asked.
"Your country is growing," he replied;
"you can't resist its development. For a
hundred years you have followed Wash-
ington's advice. I do not think you can
find another instance in history where
one man's word has been so followed. It
has been treated as an inspired utterance.
But conditions have vastly changed. It
is not supposable that Washington would
have maintained the same attitude if con-
ditions had essentially altered, as they
must have altered in a hundred years.
"You see," he went on, smiling, "there
were two assumptions, or rather the first
was a fact; first your resources, tremen-
dous resources, and secondly your ten-
acity, for it was believed you were as
tenacious as your forefathers.
"All Europe understood the situation.
The wars of independence, of the con-
quest of Mexico, of 1860-65, had made
your national characteristics plain. Your
inroads into the markets of the world
had shown your energy and adaptability.
Your exports of breadstuffs, ttc, had
shown your fertility. Slow to wrath,
when once the Cuban situation reached
an acute stage the end was only a ques
tion of time.
"It was for Spain to quarrel with Des-
tiny. Anglo-Saxon blood would tell; race
characteristics must be reckoned with.
Determination, tenacity, boldness, brought
but one result — ultimate triumph. Left
alone, the duel was unequal. All saw
that.
"If the inside history of this war could
only be written!" said Mr. Chamberlain,
then paused, threw back his head, and
smiled.
THE MAGAZINES.
The Cosmopolitan for October contains
an account of the Indian congress at the
trans-Mississippi exposition, with the por-
trait of a painted brave in feathered war
bonnet for a frontispiece. Harold Fred-
ric's "Gloria Mundi" strikes the reader
as being rather aimless, almost as if Mr.
Fredric had not quite made up his mind
about his characters, and particularly
about his hero, and was experimenting
with them in a half indifferent fashion
is disappointing. There is a short story
by Frank Stockton, "The Governor-Gen-
eral," that is very clever. "Our boys"
on their way to Manila furnished him
material for his tale. "The New Ameri-
can Aristocracy," by Harry Thurston
Peck, is perhaps the best thing in this
number. In it he delineates the trait
which he calls national — the "calm con-
fidence in the ready-made." "If anything
is wanted," says Mr. Peck, "it can be had
if men are able to lay down the price."
For instance, "Mr. Rockefeller and Mr.
Stanford turn their minds to education,
and immediately they secure two admir-
able ready-made universities with as lit-
tle fuss as they would have experienced
in erecting a new oil plant or in placing
a contract for a lot of railway ties."
Frank Munsey, not content with having
bought and absorbed Peterson's Maga-
zine, has just purchased Godey's, and
combined it with the Puritan. Where is
this energetic young publisher going to
stop? In Munsey's Magazine for October
Rider Haggard's story of South Africa
goes on more interestingly than ever.
"The Castle Inn," by Stanley J. Wey-
man, ends as all good novels should, in
a marriage, and the prospect of continued
happiness.
The Century has this month an article
on the Philippine problem by Professor
Dean C. Worcester, of the University of
Michigan. Among other things, he says:
"Has not every crime against civiliza-
tion in Cuba been duplicated in the Phil-
ippines a hundred times? ... Is
it an answer to say that Cuba is near
and the Philippines are distant? How
many degrees of latitude and longitude
measure the difference between right and
wrong?" There is also an article con-
cerning the sugar estates in Cuba, by
Jonathan S. Jenkins, an American who
lived in Havana during the middle of
the century. Virginia Woodward Cloud
has a poem, "Care," that is above the
average.
Scribner's Cuban stories are at present
the leading feature of the magazine. Mr.
Richard Harding Davis gives a vivid de-
scription of the battle of San Juan, and a
careful and complete analysis of the con-
duct of the whole Santiago campaign. He
does not hesitate to lay the blame where
he thinks it belongs, and to give due
credit to the men who did the real work.
His criticism of General Shafter is severe.
"San Juan," he declares, "was taken, not
by Shafter, but in spite of him." Speak-
ing of the situation when the American
troops lay wedged in the trail before San
Juan, exposed to the merciless fire of the
Spanish, brought into this "chute of
death" by "a series of military blunders
enamating from one source," he says:
"The generals of divisions and brigades
stepped back and relinquished their com-
mand to the regimental officers and enlist-
ed men." It may interest the members of
the Oregon Emergency Corps to know
that the "polka-dot" handkerchiefs with
which they became so intimately ac-
quainted during the summer were the
badge of the famous Rough Riders, and
that, according to Mr. Davis, Roosevelt
wore one in his sombrero at the charge
of San Juan.
Harper's continues the semi-mystical
story by Julian Ralph, entitled "An Angel
in a Web." It is saying a great deal for
the romance to admit that it is nearly if
not quite as interesting as its title. In
the October number appear the opening
chapters of a serial written by William
McLennan and J. N. Mcllwraith, and
called "The Span o' Life." On the prin-
ciple that "two heads are better than
one," it ought to prove unusually enter-
taining. Margaret Deland's "Old Ches-
ter Tales" grow more delightful every
month. Dr. Lavender is a rare and alto-
gether loveable character, and the reader
experiences a feeling of gratitude to the
author for the privilege of making the
acquaintance of the unpretentious clergy-
man.
McClure's for this month contains
among other interesting matter Kipling's
great poem, "The Recessional," reprinted
by request, which is something unusual
in a magazine. There is the full quota of
war papers, and a number of very de-
lightful short stories, and an account of
mountain climbing in South America,
that rivals some of the adventures of the
Mazamas.
THE MONTH.
September 2. —
Wilford Woodruff, the head of the Mor-
mon church, died in San Francisco.
In the Soudan, the English forces cap-
tured Omdurman, and rescued Neufeld,
who had been held in captivity eleven
years by the dervishes.
September 3. —
Emperor William appointed Queen Wil-
helmina of Holland honorary colonel of
the Fifteenth Hanoverian hussars.
The French minister of war resigned, on
account of the new complications cn.n.t
have arisen in the Dreyfus affair.
President McKinley visited Camp Wi-
koff at Montauk Point, New York.
September 5. —
Wilhelmina was crowned queen of Hol-
land at Amsterdam.
September 6. —
The governor of Oregon calls a special
session of the legislature, to meet on
the 26th.
War breaks out again in the island of
Crete. Hostilities are precipitated by an
attack by the Mussulmans upon the Brit-
ish at Candia.
September 8. —
News was received to the effect that Li
Hung Chang had been dismissed from
the Chinese ministry. No reasons were
given.
September 10. —
Commission to investigate the conduct
of the war department was named by
President McKinley.
It was reported that the French had
occupied Fashoda, in the Upper Nile
country.
The Empress of Austria was assassi-
nated at Geneva.
September 11. —
The business portion of New Westmin-
ster, Vancouver, B. C, was destroyed by
fire.
September 12. —
Rear Admiral Dewey asked for another
warship and a cruiser. The request is
taken as evidence that further trouble in
the Philippines is imminent.
The Spanish senate adopted the Hispa-
no-American protocol.
September 13. —
The "currency convention" opened at
Omaha.
September 14. —
The president determined upon a Phil-
ippine policy, which was not given to
the public.
The Barbadoes were swept by a terrific
hurricane. Great loss of life and prop-
erty.
September 15. —
The peace commissioners received their
final instructions from the president.
September 16. —
The peace commission sailed from New
York, in route for Paris.
September 17. —
Dr. John Hall, of New York, died at
Bangor, County Down, Ireland.
September 18. —
The "Daughter of the Confederacy,"
Winnie Davis, died.
September 19. —
Aguinaldo sent a message to the Asso-
ciated Press, denying his hostility to the
Americans.
September 20. —
The republican convention met at Ta-
coma, Wash.
September 21. —
President McKinley informally received
a delegation of the Roosevelt Rough
Riders.
September 22. —
The empress dowager of China deposed
her nephew, the emperor, on account of
his fondness for reform.
September 23.—
The United States peace commission
arrived at Queenstown.
Commission to investigate the war de-
partment announced complete.
September 24. —
The state organization of the Red Cross
Society was effected at Portland, Or.
September 25.—
The remnant of the Khalifa's army was
defeated, and its last stronghold captured
by Egyptian forces under command of
Colonel Parsons.
September 26. —
The investigation of the war depart-
ment by the commission appointed by
President McKinley began.
September 27. —
Oregon legislature convened at Salem.
Theodore Roosevelt was nominated for
governor of New York by the republican
convention.
September 28. —
Thomas F. Bayard, ex-ambassador to
the court of St. James, died at Dedham,
Mass., at the age of 70 years.
September 29. —
Queen Louise of Denmark died at
Copenhagen.
September 30. —
Aguinaldo assumed the title of presi-
dent of the revolutionary government of
the Philippines.
President McKinley's Philippine policy
in favor of holding the islands.
LITERARY COMMENT.
Under the title of "Education in
France" there appears in this, the initial
number of The Pacific Monthly, the first
of a series of articles from the pen of
that most clever writer, Samuel Jaques
Brun. In 1896 Doxey brought out a lim-
ited edition of Mr. Brun's charming
"Tales of Languedoc." This volume is,
both in style and subject matter, delight-
fully original, and deals with the hither-
to unwritten folklore of Southern France.
Among the new books issued this month
from the publishing house of F. Tennyson
Neely is "A Platonic Experiment," by
Landis Ayr, an extraordinary story of
unusual interest and quite impossible con-
clusions. That is to say, the conclusions
are impossible, judged by complex human
standards. But the author has written
above the commonplace and the ordinary,
and shows man and woman not as they
are, but as they ought to be. The suc-
cess of such an experiment as this por-
trayed by Landis Ayr may be beyond the
realms of possibility, but it is well worth
trying. Only to have tried is something
noble, even though the attempt result, as
it must in real life, in failure. The book
is an expression of the higher moral ten-
dencies of the age.
"The Rainbow's End" is a Klondike
story by Alice Palmer Henderson, and
is published by H. S. Stone & Company.
It is a woman's account of life and con-
ditions in the gold fields of the frozen
north, and is a dispassionate view of the
situation as it exists today.
"In the Saddle With Gomez," by Cap-
tain Murio Carillo, is a series of short
stories dealing with the adventures of
many of Cuba's famous soldiers. The
capture of St. Clara, the charge at Leque-
tia and the attack on Camajuani, three
of the most important events in Cuba's
fight for freedom, are vividly portrayed.
The book is both pleasant and instruc-
tive, and comes at a time when public
interest in its subjects is intense. Mr.
F. Tennyson Neely is to be congratulated
upon the appearance of the volumes that
come from his house. They are always
well printed, well bound and of high-class
literary merit.
Harper Brothers have just issued the
last volume written by the "Daughter of
the Confederacy." Winnie Davis was a
bright and charming writer, and this
book, "Romance of Summer Seas," is no
less delightful in style and composition
than those preceding it.
One of the interesting books brought
out recently by Macmillan is "Brown
Men and Women," from the pen of Ed-
ward Reeves. The subject is not new,
volume after volume having been writ-
ten descriptive of the inhabitants of the
fascinating islands of the southern seas,
but no author ever handled the condi-
tions of life existing in those favored
regions in quite the frank and fearless
manner that characterizes Mr. Reeves'
work. He spares none that are guilty,
and does not veil his accusations in vague
or ambiguous terms.
In the Portland library there is a copy
of the history of the Plymouth colony,
printed under direction of the secretary
of the commonwealth of Massachusetts,
by order of the general court, from the
original manuscript which has recently
been returned to the United States by
the hands of Thomas F. Bayard, lately
ambassador at the court of St. James.
The restoration, as every one probably
knows, was ordered by decree of the con-
sistory court of the diocese of London,
and the manuscript, all in the handwrit-
ing of Governor Bradford, with the excep-
tion of a part of the last page, is erroneous-
ly known as the "Log of the Mayflower."
In 1856 a transcript of the document was
secured from London through the efforts
of the Massachusetts Historical Society,
and put in print, but this later edition
differs from the first in that it contains
only the matter embodied in the original,
with a brief account of the restoration,
and is, of course, limited. Mr. F. K.
Arnold, who presented the volume to the
Portland library, is a lineal descendant
of the first governor of Massachusetts.
Madame Amelie de Fonfride Smith has
made a valuable contribution to the mili-
tary records of the state of Oregon in the
form of an "Official Roster," which is
illustrated, and is a comprehensive history
of the officers and enlisted men of the
year 1898. It is a register that no patri-
otic citizen of Oregon will care to be
without.
The O. R. & N., the pioneer transpor-
tation company, has recently issued an
attractive book on "The Resources of
Idaho. The text is the work of Colo-
nel P. Donan, and is written in his best
style. And while the salmon story and
the potato picture may tax the credulity
of Eastern readers, it is but fair to say
that here in the West the truth of these
things is never questioned.
COLLEGE CORRESPONDENCE.
LELAND STANFORD, JR. UNIVER-
SITY, CALIFORNIA.
Interest here centers upon the training
of the 'varsity football team, for which
there are sixty candidates; more than
have ever before appeared on the Stanford
field. Prospects for a victory in the an-
nual game with the University of Cali-
fornia at first appeared dubious, as all of
last year's 28-0 team, excepting four, had
graduated or enlisted in the Manila regi-
ments. The men who played substitutes
last year are now coming forward, and
will form the nucleus of a strong team.
Captain Fisher has plenty of men for
every position excepting the center trio,
which he is trying to build up from the
heavy men who are volunteering. Every
afternoon the candidates for the eleven
practice running, tackling, punting and
falling on the ball, and then line up for
a few minutes' active scrimmage. Harry
Cross, of Yale, who built up the 20-0 team
two years ago, will again coach, assum-
ing charge October 1. Stanford is fortu-
nate in having on the team this year Mur-
phy, '00, the greatest punter and runner
in a scattered field the coast has ever
seen, and Captain Fisher, a strong half-
back, both in aggressive and defensive
work. Prospects for a season of good,
clean sport and a spirited intercollegiate
game were never better in the history of
intercollegiate athletics.
The captains of the baseball and track
teams have instituted a system of light
fall training for the spring contests.
A centrally located restaurant for the
university community, costing $5,000, has
been completed, and is now in successful
operation.
Work has begun on the Thomas Wel-
ton Stanford library building, named after
the donor, Senator Stanford's brother,
who furnished the $150,000 needed for its
construction. The library is two stories
high, in the same Moorish architectural
plan of the Quadrangle, and constitutes
the first building of an outer quadrangle.
It is modern in every respect, and will
have a capacity for 200,000 volumes. It
is built of sandstone, quarried on the
Mrs. Stanford is living quietly in her
home on the estate, and can be seen fre-
quently directing the improvements which
are constantly being made on the cam-
pus, and also inspecting the fast-rising
buildings. Mrs. Stanford is a large-
souled woman of great executive ability,
and she is wholly wrapped up in the
university, and is constantly thinking of
"my boys and girls," as she calls the stu-
dents. In a recent conversation she out-
lined her policy as follows: "I have a
few hundred thousand dollars more in
legacies to pay before the estate will be
free from the control of the court. That
will not take long. Then I shall devote
my energies to completing the museum,
the chapel and the chemistry laboratory.
After that work is completed and the es-
tate is free from incumbrance, I shall be
ready to resign my stewardship to the
trustees of the university."
Stanford's president has always been
recognized as a scientist of the first rank,
and his appointment to the Behring sea
fur seal commission and the offer of the
directorship of the Smithsonian Institu-
tion, at Washington, D. C, are only evi-
dences of this. Last May his commence-
ment address was a departure from the
usual order, and considered the national
expansion movement and its cost to the
United States. This address, "Lest We
Forget," has attracted wide notice for the
statesmanlike way in which the problems
of imperialism are discussed and summed
up. Its general trend was in opposition
to the movement on the grounds that,
"first, dominion is brute force; second,
dependent nations are slave nations;
third, the making of men is greater than
the building of nations."
President Jordan was recently given a
tentative offer of the presidency of the
University of California, which he refused,
stating that he intended to stay at Stan-
ford as long as there was something there
for him to do.
A new book by Dr. Jordan will soon
appear, "Foot-Notes to Evolution," a col-
lection of essays on evolutionary subjects.
O. C. LEITER.
UNIVERSITY OF OREGON,
EUGENE, OREGON.
The University of Oregon has sustained
a severe loss in the death of Professor
Johnson, who had been connected with
the institution since its doors were
opened, and who was for so many success-
ful years its president. To his untiring
efforts, and those of his faithful co-work-
ers, in the early days of the university, is
due the high rank which the school grew
to hold in the educational ranks of the
North Pacific.
COLLEGE CORRESPONDENCE.
4i
Professor Dunn, late of Willamette Uni-
versity, and an alumnus of the Univer-
sity of Oregon, is a welcome addition to
the present faculty.
There is evident a determination on the
part of the students to maintain the pre-
vious record of the institution in the mat-
ter of field sports. The athletic associa-
tion has done much to establish and stim-
ulate a healthy interest in football, and
already material for a strong team is in
sight.
of the state are well represented, and the
manufacturing interests are a surprise to
most of the visitors to the fair.
CONSOLIDATED UNIVERSITY
AT PORTLAND.
The opening of the newly consolidated
university at Portland, Or., is equivalent
to the founding of a great school whose
future is assured. It is a splendid and
harmonious blending of three institutions
in one, a welding together of educational
forces already closely akin, and the re-
sult must, of necessity, be beneficial to all
concerned. The location of the buildings,
the site upon which will in time be erect-
ed a magnificent group of halls and
dormitories, in addition to those now in
existence, is one of unequaled beauty. Far
up above the silver sweep of the bright
Willamette, where the ships pass up and
down bearing the commerce of the na-
tions, it stands. Mount Hood and St.
Helens look in at its windows, and not
so very many miles away the majestic
Columbia rolls its mighty current sea-
ward. There is room, room to turn
around in, and to grow, as grow it must.
Under the administration of Chancellor
Crawford R. Thoburn, there is every rea-
son to believe the university will become
the leading educational institution of the
North Pacific. The university began its
fall term October 4, under very flattering
circumstances.
DRIFT.
Oregon is holding this autumn an expo-
sition that is attracting crowds of visitors
from everywhere. Eastern people, partic-
ularly, are finding much to interest them
in the comprehensive exhibition of Ore-
gon products. The vast natural resources
In the early days of Tennessee there
was an eminent physician by name Doxy.
He never used a common word in conver-
sation. Of him the following anecdote is
related: One afternoon, as Dr. Doxy was
going out to his home, some twenty-five
miles from Nashville, he stopped at a
tavern eight miles northeast of the city
to spend the night. The tavern was a
noted place, known as the Gee Tavern.
Mr. Gee was an old Virginian. He had
brought from the Old Dominion an old
servant named Jacob. This old colored
man prided himself on being a Virginian,
and that he had waited on the great men
of Virginia, among them General Wash-
ington. When Dr. Doxy rode up to the
tavern he called to Jacob, and said: "Ap-
proach, thou noble son of Africa, and
detach this quadruped from his hitching-
post, and divest him of his bridle, disen-
cumber him of his saddle, and install
him, and contribute to him some nutri-
tious aliment that will be amply adequate
to sustain him. When the oriental lumi-
nary rises above the horizon, I will for
your kind hospitality remunerate you
with pecuniary compensation." That
night the horse escaped from the barn and
ran away. Uncle Jacob thought it would
not do to talk to such a learned man as
Dr. Doxy was in common language, so he
studied up a speech he should make to
the doctor about his horse getting away
He went up to the room and knocked at
the door, and with hat in hand and bow-
ing very low, he raised himself to his
full height and said: "Marser, dat dar
quadruple beast of yourn has actually
pounced the oldimpanelment of de pound,
and skater to phisticated de equilibrium
ob de forst." — Richmond Religious Her-
ald.
Not Feminine. — "Papa, the paper this
morning in speaking of the battle at Car-
denas says: 'She made no response to the
New York's fire.' Battery isn't feminine,
is it?" "No, my boy; you can silence a
battery."
Borqixist 6t Reffling
Kigln Class Tailoring
231 Tx7a.sHin.gton Street
FOKLTLjPi-lSTID, OKIE.
THE HAWAIIANS.
EVER since the downfall of their royal
government, the Hawaiian islands
have drawn to themselves an amount of
interest seemingly disproportionate to
their size and importance. It is only
seemingly, however, for this interest in
reality corresponds to their worth to this
country, both on account of their in-
trinsic value and strategic importance.
The attention that they have received
has been lately increased in the United
States owing to the recent annexation.
Any information concerning them may,
therefore, be especially acceptable at this
time.
The Sandwich or Hawaiian islands (as
they are now known), consist of a group
of eight islands lying about 2000 miles
from San Francisco, and comprising an
area of 6700 square miles. They were
discovered by Captain Cook in 1778, who
gave them the name of Sandwich islands,
in honor of the Barl of Sandwich. In
1820 missionaries from America landed
at Honolulu, which is situated on the
island of Oahu, and this date marks the
beginning of an interesting period in the
islands' history. Idolatry and cannibal-
ism, both of which had been practiced to
some extent, were soon discarded, and
the majority of the inhabitants accepted
Christianity.
The natives are a most interesting
people. Mr. Ellis, the famous English
missionary, who visited the islands short-
ly after 1820, said of them: "The inhabi-
tants of these islands are considered,
physically, amongst the finest races of
the Pacific. . . . This in all proba-
bility arises from their salubrious cli-
mate and their chief articles of food."
Mr. Stevens, in his book on "Pictur-
esque Hawaii," says: "One day to the
luxurious Kanaka is as another. The
struggle for life does not fret his soul,
nor fill his thoughts with 'the winter of
its discontent' Today's comfort fills his
horizon, and there is only one day in his
calendar. It is the luxuriant prolificness
of the islands that makes the native the
happy-go-lucky fellow that he is." The
Kanakas delight in swimming, and they
swim with remarkable skill and ease. In
surf-swimming, a very astonishing sport,
"they balance themselves whilst standing
or sitting on a board, which is carried
landwards on the crest of a great roller."
The chief products of the islands are
taro, sugar cane, coffee, pineapples, rice
and cocoanuts. The most important of these
to the native is the taro. It forms the
national dish, called "poi," which the na-
tives rely upon for their sustenance. The
taro plant is easily cultivated, and the
yield to an acre is remarkable. It has
been estimated that an acre of land will
yield on an average of 28,000 pounds of
cooked and pounded taro per annum.
This yield would sustain 18 men for 12
months. Mr. Stevens, in the book above
referred to, says of taro: "It is excellent
in case of sickness, being easily digested
and withal very nourishing," and Mr.
Ellis observed that the remarkable physi-
cal condition of the Hawaiians is due to
their food. He mentions taro as espe-
cially effacious in producing good re-
sults. This being true, it has long been
a matter of wonder that such an impor-
tant food should not be known to the
world at large. Arrangements have at
last been made, however, for the intro-
duction of taro into the United States.
It comes to us under the name of "Ta-
roena," and is receiving a warm welcome.
Physicians especially find in it a long-
Tnoked-for remedy, and one writes from
Los Angeles to this effect:
"I have noted the wonderful qualities
nt taro; it has been proved of the greatest
value in all cases where a food is wanted
that is a system builder, easily digested
and agreeable to all patients suffering
from dyspepsia or any chronic digestive
trouble, while as a food for the debili-
tated conditions following typhoid fever,
or any of the wasting diseases, it is, in
my opinion, superior to all other foods."
It is said, and all trials substantiate
the statement, that Taroena is an ideal
food, especially for dyspeptic conditions,
indigestion and consumption. It has
never been known to fail as a perfect
food for infants. The Hawaiians use it
from the day that they are born. It is
also believed to prevent seasickness, and
to cure the most acute cases of vomiting.
Mr. Stevens' book has created much
interest in this country, but it is not so
much for the enlightenment as regards
the Hawaiians, as it is for the light that
he has thrown on taro and the benefit
to mankind which will follow therefrom,
that we feel grateful to him. Taro, or
Taroena, as it is called in America, and
which is taro with nothing added or
taken away, is a nature-made food. It
can be obtained at present from any
druggist, though a movement, which it is
hoped will soon be consummated, is also
being made by grocers to carry it in
stock.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
A. B. STEI^BACH & Co.
POPULAR PRICE
Cor. First
and JVIormson
Streets
ffi. IK X «i
PORTLAND, ORE.
Devers' Blend Coffee \
"5
TO INSURE GETTING THE GENUINE, BUY IN
SEALED PACKAGES ONLY
CLOSSET & DEVERS
Coffee Roasters... PORTLAND, OREGON
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
BUTTER AND GHELEiSEi
Telephone y]\...
105, 107, 1071 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
f!
AGENCY FOR MAILLARD'S CANDIES
Henry G. Brandes
SUCCESSOR TO BAUM & BRANDES
... HEADQUARTERS FOR ...
OYSTERS AND ICE CREAM
145 First Street and
228 Alder Street
F>OF?TI-73CND. OF2E3.
FAMILY ROOMS Telephone 235
E. C. Goddard A. W. Goddard T. H. Fearey
E. C. GODDARD & GO.
Dealers in
Fine Footwear
FULL LINE OF
LATEST STYLE FALL AND
WINTER SHOES
129 Sixth St., Portland, Ore.
Oregonian Building
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
... Transact a General Banking Business
Special Attention Given to
Collections
PORTlvAlVD, OREGON
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" The Policy Holders' Company "
THE NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
1st A Cash Surrender Value. 2d A Loan equal in amount to the Cash Value.
3d Extended Insurance for the Full amount of Policy, without the request of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-up Policy
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
727, 728 & 729 Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
O. JT. tffoorehouse dc Co., ynoor-^oratoct
Wait SPaper, SRoom W?ouidinffS, iPaints,
Otis, ISarnisAes, Jifouse, O/ffrt
and fresco ZPainting
30S jftdcr Street, SPortfanc/j Oreyon
Free Slnine to All Customersl
KNIGHT & EDER
The Medium Priced Shoe Dealers
292 Washington Street
Opposite Hotel Perkins PORTLAND, OKEQON
Established 1872
JOHN A. BECK
Dealer in
waicties, Diamonds, Jewelry, Silverware,
270 Morrison St., Bet. Third and Fourth,
Repairing a Specialty PORTLAND, OREGON
THE J. K. GILL CO.
Finest Stationery
Masonic Temple, Third and Alder Sts., Portland, Ore.]
ALL the latest books
Prices to Meet All Competitors
Dixon, Borgeson X Company
R. LUTKE, Manager, Portland
Manufacturers of £* |_ /■"»
Every Description of ^flOW WClSCS
Jewelers' and Druggists' Wall Cases
and Bank Fixtures
108-110-112-114 FRONT STREET, Cor. Washington
PORTLAND, OREGON
Taroena *
SEE ARTICLE IN THIS ISSUE ON
THE HAWAIIANS
37 Market Street, San Francisco, Cal.
Is manufactured from the root
of the Taro plant. It is a nat-
ural, not an artifcial food.
is manufactured by a speciallj
patented process from care
fully selected Taro.
It contains the concentrated strength of Taro. Four
pounds of Taro are used to make one pound of Taroena.
IT WILL STAY DOWN when all other Foods will be rejected ;
TAROENA is both a medicine and a food. It is the
best baby food It is the best invalid food. It is the
best food for dyspeptics. It is the best nerve and brain
food. It is the easiest food to "keep down" on a weaki
or irritable stomach. It is the lightest, least irritating
and the safest food to introduce into the stomach on
intestines of sufferers from acute diseases of the stom-
ach or bowels. It is the easiest food to assimilate, and
requires the least work on the part of the stomach or
bowels. Endorsed by eminent Physicians. For Sale
by All Druggists.
ileil
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY-ADVERTISING SECTION.
Portland Gas Co.
\
SAVE MONEY, TIME AND
LABOR
CALX AND SEE US ABOUT THEM
Fifth and Yamhill Streets
-PORTLAND, OREGON
..HATTERS AND FURNISHERS..
8
Sole Ageuts for
94 THIRD STREET
Portland, Ore.
...RICHET COMPANY...
Wholesale f Retail Groceries
112=114 Front Street, Corner Washington
PORTLAND, OREGON
Consumers can save money by trading with us. We are both Wholesalers and Retailers,
and are enabled to sell to the consumer at less than the ordinary rates.
We have a special shipping department, devoting careful attention to the Packing and
Shipping of orders from the interior. All orders will receive careful and prompt attention. We
shall be pleased to mail a copy of our Price List to those requesting it.
RICHET C07VYPP[NV
jELfcPMONE 5
..ARE NOTED FOR QUALITY OF WORK AND PROMPT SERVICE ..
JAMES R. EWING
..Bookseller..
Miscellaneous Books
Bibles . . .
Northwest Views
267 Morrison Street
PORTLAND, OREGON
Careful Attention to Special Orders
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Buy Your Homoeopathic Medicines of
Boericke & Runyon
Portland, Oregon
opp olds & king 303 Washington Street
J. R. ROGERS
Printer and Stationer
323 Morrison Street
Marquam Building PORTLAND, ORE.
Sdwarci JVuyhes
?£S/io/esa/e
Jarm and TTfill T/fachinery
/8S, /90, /92, /94 J-ront Stroat
Povey Bros. Glass Company
MANUFACTURERS OP
Art Stained Glass
rOR CHURCHES, DWELLINGS, PUBLIC BUILDINGS
48 TO 54 N. SIXTH ST., PORTLAND. ORE.
24,000 Volumes and over 200 Periodicals.
$5.00 a Year and $1.50 a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS -From 9 A. M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Sun-
days and Holidays
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK
..Odd Stogs Bronj Japan..
LITTLE BOOK STORE
293 Morrison Street, Portland, Ore.
E>. C BURNS
147 Third Street, PORTLAND, OREGON
Always on Hand a Full Line of
■* FRESH GROCERIES *•
Lowest Cash Prices
..OPTICIAN..
Dr. A. A. BARR, formerly of St. Paul, has charge of
the Optical Department for
I. N. WRIGHT. I lift JEWELER,
293 Morrison Street, PORTLAND, ORE.
CONSULTATION FRF.E
JOHN CRAN & CO.
Specialties in
Hosiery, Underwear, Dress
Goods, Linens
HANDKERCHIEFS, WHITE GOODS,
LACES, ETC.
256 iaiRSHINGTON STREET
PORTLAND, ORE.
S. M. Mears, President
Marion Wilcox, Secretary
IE UNITED CfillllGE CORIPIY
Carriages and Livery
Branch Office, Baggage and Omnibus Transfer Co.,
Fourth and Stark Streets.
Main Office, S. W. Cor. Seventh and Taylor Streets,
Portland, Oregon.
Boarding and Care of Horses
a Specialty.
T3ALL-Bearing Type- Bar Joints and Fixed
Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unimpairable
Alignment. Lightest Key Action. The Most
Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work. Carriage
locks at end of line, protecting the writing.
Compact Shift Keyboard. Numerous Handy
Features. Address for full particulars,
l Supplies Company...
No. 232 Stark Street
PORTLAND, OREGON
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
CARRIES A FULL LINE OF
MOTORS from One-half Horse Power Up
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kinds
of Machinery.
ARC and INCANDESCENT LIGHTING.
Electric and Bell Wiring a Specialty
Electric Supplies
SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
COR. SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Columbia River & Puget Sound Navigation Co.
Portland and Astoria
Steamers Telephone or Bailey Gatzert leave foot Alder
Street daily (except Sunday), 7 A.M.
Leave Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
TJ. B. SCOTT, President
EAST
AND
SOUTHERN
PACIFIC
COMPANY
LEAVE
* 6 00 p m
* 8 30 a ra
Daily
except
Sunday
t 7 30 a m
t 4 50 p m
Depot, Fifth and I Sts.
OVERLAND EX-1
PRESS, for Salem,
Roseburg, Ashland,
Sacramento, Ogden,
San Francisco, Mo-
jave. Los Angeles, El
Paso, New Orleans
and the East.
Roseburg passenger
(Via Woodburn for">
Mt. Angel, Silverton, |
West Scio, Browns- '
ville, Springfield and
Natron.
Corvallis passenger ...
Independence passenger
* 9 30 a rh
* 4 30 p m
Daily
except
Sunday
t 5 50 P «n
X 8 25 ft ir
♦Daily. {Daily except Sunday-
Direct connection at San Francisco with Occi-
dental and Oriental and Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND CHINA. Sailing dates on
application.
Rates and tickets to Eastern points and Eu-
rope Also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA. Can be obtaiued from f. B.
KIRKLA.ND, Ticket Agent, 134 Third Street.
Yamhill Division — Pass. Depot, foot Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a m ;
12:30,1:55,3:25,5:15,6:25 8:05, 11:30 pm, and 9:00
a m on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland daily
at 6:35*, 8:30, 10:50* a m; 1:35, 3:15. 4:30, 6:20, 7:40,
9:15 p m; 11:40 a m daily except Monday, and
10:05 a m on Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, except Sunday at
4:30 p m. Arrive at Portland at 9:30 a m.
Leave for Airlie, Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays at 8:40 a m. Arrive at Portland Tuesdays,
Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
*Except Sunday.
R. KOEHLER, C. H. MARKHAH.
flanaget . den. P. & P. Agt.
ARE YOU INTERESTED?
THE O. R. & N. Co.'s NEW BOOK on the Resources
of Oregon, Washington and Idaho is being distributed.
Our readers are requested to forward the addresses of
their Eastern friends and acquaintances, and a copy of
the work will be sent them free. This is a matter All
should be interested in, and we would ask that every-
one take an interest and forward such addresses to W.
H. Hurlburt, General Passenger Agent, O. R. & N. Co.,
Portland, Oregon.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
Wakelee & Company <* ** <*
"DRUGGISTS
'+ "PERFUMERS
^[HE most careful attention by
skilled and experienced phar-
macists given to the compound-
ing of Physicians' Prescriptions*
We cannot afford to give less
than our best efforts. Our ivork
and our goods are AL WA YS the
best of the highest grades £• j* j*
Corner Bush and Montgomery Streets ♦♦.
SAN FRANCISCO, CALA.
NEW STORE
NEW GOODS
NEW PRICES
A COMFORTABLE PLACE TO SHOP
Dress Goods, Linings, Underwear, Laces,
Ribbons, (Moves, Etc.
BLANKETS, FLANNELS, BED SPREADS, TABLE
LINEN, TOWELS, ETC.
GENTS' FURNISHING GOODS
P. A. FINSETH, PROP
Bet. First & Second
'ORTUND, ORE
230 MORRISON ST. Bt
Astoria and GoiumDia River R. R. Time Gaid
WINTER SCHEDULE-Daily
Train No. 22 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 12:15 p. m.
Train No. 24 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at 11:10 p. in.
Return
Train No. 21 leaves Astoria at 8.00 a. m., arrives in
Portland at 12:15 p. m.
Train No. 23 leaves Astoria at 6:30 p. m. and arrives
in Portland at 10:35 p. m.
Train No. 22 runs through to Seaside, leaving Seaside
on the return at 2:50 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia River R. R. Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:00 p. m., arriving at
Astoria at 12:15 P- m and 11:10 p. m. Leaving for Sea-
side at 12:20 p. m.
Oil competition
<^pk?to*^;
As regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
JUST THINK!
3^ days with no change to Chicago
4}4 days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN:
Trains are Illuminated by Pintsch Gas,
run into Union Depots, and Baggage
ts checked through to Destination.
Lowest Rates.
For Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
J. H. LOTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. Agent.
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
(Volume J NOVEMBER
Number 2 M]
tocinc
A MAGAZINE Of EDVCA-
I TIQM AND PROGRESS.
]R TEN CENTS A COPY > ONE DOLLAR A YEAR
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUBLISHING CO.
PUBLISHERS * * * j* PORTLAND, OREGON
S5S55SS5!
♦ ♦♦In This Number***
Columbia River Salmon —
Hotlister 2>. McGuire, Oregon State Fish Commissioner
Two Short Stories —
A Rough Rider
Augustus Dana's Wife
F. /. McHenry
Lischen M, Miller
News From the Colleges
Education in France —
(Second Paper) Samuel Jacques *Brun
And Other Interesting Articles
w
^*******#*****A*********<.***************4
k***********'
T/ffi PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
Contents for cJ^pvember, t898.
Page
. 43
Frontispiece —
By "W. E. Rollins, and Poem by John Vance Cheney
Columbia River Salmon — Hollister CD. McGvire, Oregon State Fish Commissioner
Salmon Fishing on the Lower Columbia — .... C.L. Simpson
A Roughs Ride^ (Short Story)— F.J.SMcHenry
In Starlight ( Poem ) — Florence May Wright 61
Education in France ( Second Paper ) — • Samuel Jacques Brun 62
Democracy (Poem) — 3 Walt Whitman 64
Augustus Dana's "Wife (Short Story) — • • • Lischen €M. miller 65
Love's Remembrance ('Poem)— Lischen M. Miller 68
"Was He Justified? "( Conclusion)— ? 69
Our Point of View (Editorial!)— 71
Prythee, Poet, Sweetly Sing ( Poem ) — • • 73
The Magazines — .74
Harper's, Century, McClure's, Scribner's, Cosmopolitan
In Autumn ( Poem ) — Edfoard Maslin Hulme 75
The Month— .76
A Record of the Principal Events of the Month
Literary Comment— • . . 78
Looking Back ( Poem ) — Jlorence CB. Cartivright 79
College Correspondence — 80
LeJand Stanford Jr. University, University of California, University of Wash-
ington and University of Oregon
The Mermaid ( Poem ) — ....... William SMartin 82
99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
TERMS— $1.00 A YEAR IN ADVANCE. 10 CENTS A COPY.
All communications should be sent, and all checks or drafts made payable, to Ihe
'Pacific SMonthly Publishing Company. Agents for The 'Pacific SMonthly are tuanted in
every locality. Write for our exceptional terms and inducements.
Alex Stveek, President
J. Thorhurn Ross, Vice-President
Geo. L. Peaslee, Secretary
W. B. Wells, Manager
Lischen M. Miller, Asst. Manager
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. COMPANY,
Macleay; Building,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Copyrighted, 1898, by "William, Bittle "Wells. All|rights,reserved
Entered at the Post'Office at Portland, Oregon, October 17, 1898, as second class matter
"When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific .Monthly j
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
V^ll ^0\/0 rirfcllirC BY PURCHASING YOUR DRUGS, PATENT MEDICINES AND
I ULl UaVC LVUl I cl I S TOILET ARTICLES OF WOODARD, CLARKE & CO.
Mere words don't tell it all. Here are some prices. Remember every Patent Medicine, Toilet Article or Drug
is sold at Cut-Rates. Our mail order business has trebled in a year, because everyone within 500 miles of Port-
land can save money by trading with us.
Regular Price Our Cut-Rate Price
Allcock's Porus Plasters $0 15 $0 10
Ayer's Sarsaparilla 1 00 69
Carter's Pills 25 15
Oastoria 35 25
Scott's Emulsion 100 73
Hood's Sarsaparilla 100 69
Paine's Celery Compound 1 00 78
Syrup of Figs 50 35
We buy direct from manufacturers in large quantities, which secures the very lowest trade rates. This enables
us to retail at wholesale prices. Our Photographic Department will interest you. Every new thing in Photo-
graphy is in stock.
iAiOODHRD, CLHRKE St CO.
Fourth and Washington Streets, Portland, Oregon
A PAIR OF GLASSES
Do You Need Them?
If you qeed Glasses, aqy Kind °f Glasses -will qot
do. Trtey must be fitted Witt) great pair\s aqd
accuracy; Wrtrj \r\o\J\edqe ar\d experience; taking
tirqe ar)d care. " fi.r\y sort of glasses " are 'Worse
triaq r\or(e. Our advice is reliable ar\d worth, ii|ore
th,ari it costs.
REED & MALCOLM
EYE SPECIALISTS
f33 Sixth Street, Oregonian cBuilding, Portland, Ore,
J. C. AINSWORTH, President
THOS. CONNELL, Vice President
W. W. PHILLIPS, Cashier
The Ainsworth National Bank
Cor. Third and Oak Streets
SAFE DEPOSIT
PORTLAND, OREGON
Avery & Co
Hardware I
TOOLS
CUTLERY
MCCAFFREY'S CELEBRATED FILES AND
HORSE RASPS
furniture and upholstery
Hardware
loggers' and lumbermen's
supplies
Sporting and Blasting
Powder
Fishing tackle
82 Third Street, near Oak, Portland, Oregon
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
SEND TO US FOR PRICES ON
We are Manufacturers of the
Celebrated
Maltese Gross Brand
of Rubber Belt f
Ajax Brand Cotton
Mill Hose...
Rubber and
Leather
Belting...
87=89 FIRST STREET, PORTLAND, ORE.
RUSSELL & CO.
A. H. AVERILL,
MANUFACTURERS OF
High Grade,
Engines, Boilers,
Saw Mills,
Threshers...
Estimates furnished on Stearn Plants of all Sizes and fo
• any purpose. Write for Catalogues.
RUSSELL & CO., = Portland, Ore
I HE PACIFIC MONTHLY- ADVERTISING SECTION.
..DIAMOND T IMPORTED FINE DRY GRANULATED SUGAR..
Polarizes 98 Per Cent. Saccharine Matter.
THE STRONGEST, SWEETEST SUGAR ON THE MARKET.
Prices from One-Eighth to One-Quarter Cent Per
Pound Under Jobbers.
W. A. MEARS, 33 Second Street, Portland, Ore.
Rudolph Bmrth
Successor to BARTH & SHERWOOD
141 Post Street, near Grant Avenue, San Francisco, Gal.
Importer and Dealer in
SILVERWARE AND SILVER
NOVELTIES
Jewelry of All Descriptions Made to Order
Watch and Jewelry Repairing
a Specialty
USE
Washington's Best
CHOICE FAMILY
...FLOUR...
..FOR SALE BY ALL GROCERS...
Ttie cuas. F. Beeto Company
SHIPPING AND COMMISSION
ship chandlers, store and
Provision dealers
Agents for DEARBORN & CO.'S DISPATCH LINE
of Clipper Ships from New York
and Philadelphia
SURETY BONDS
Capital and Surplus, - $2,500,000.00
Fidelity and Deposit company
OF MARYLAND
Northern Assurance Company of London
St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance Company
1 St 3 NORTH FIRST STREET
PORTLAND, ORE.
Issues guarantee bonds to employes in posi-
tions of trust.
Court Bonds, Federal Officers,' City, County
and State Officials' Bonds issued promptly.
W. R. MACKENZIE, State Agent
208 Worcester Block, PORTLAND, OREGON
Telephone Main 986
Cawston & Co.,
Dealers in
Engines and Boilers,
Wood-Working Machinery,
...Iron-Working Tools and Supplies...
48 & 50 First Street
PORTLAND, ORE.
Blake's Single and Duplex Humps.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
How TO
Beautiful
IN FIVE CHAPTERS
( CHAPTER TWO )
Wisdom's Robertine
(CORRECTS all Blemishes of the Face, pro-
tects it from Wind and Sunburn and makes
a beautiful Complexion.
price, Fifty Cents Per bottle
S. HEITSHU, Agent, Portland, Oregon
If not obtainable at your druggists, send price to Agent and
Goods will be forwarded by mail
...Perfect Telephone Service...
Can be obtained only through a complete Metallic Circuit
for each Subscriber, and
•^ ISO PHRTY LINES^
The Columbia Telephone Company
HAS THESE ADVANTAGES
OFFICES, 606-607 0REG0NIAN BUILDING, PORTLAND, OREGON
latest styles and first-class
Jewelry, Diannonds, Watches and Silverware
AT MODERATE PRICES
■ fl. FELDENHEIMER
Corner Third and Washington Streets
PORTLAND, ORE.
RFCk^S 272 Washington Street
1— "■•— •/X«/ IV. 4-7 Portland, ore.
Up-to-Date and Exclusive Dealers in
Ladies; Children's and infants' Wear
Styles up to the Standard in all Lines
infants' Wardrobes and Wedding Trousseaus
A SPECIALTY
Price List Sent on Application
MERIT IS THE ONLY THING THAT COUNTS, AND WE CLAIM THAT
ON OUR ENTIRE STOCK
G. G. GLINE OIL & PAINT GO.
144 FIRST STREET
Portland, ore.
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
doors, Windows, Plate and Window glass
wkl.l pkper
And the General Lines of BUILDING MATERIAL
GLAZING A SPECIALTY
Columbia Telephone 290
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
W. H. McMONlES
Wholesale Manufacturer of
Harness, Horse Collars and Leather Specialties
Jobber of SADDLERY HARDWARE, Etc.
Ladies- & cents- Beits 74 Front Street, Portland, Ore.
Mexican Hand Stamped Work * ^ ' '
Telephone Oregon Main 517
Consolidated {Jhivefstfy - ^
( Portland - Paget Sound )
1 be Leading Jlducational Institution of lacific Northwest
Offers Thorough and Extensive Instruction in all the
Solid Branches of Education ... EXPENSES LOW...
Winter Term Begins January 3, 1899
"Write for Particulars to
Chancellor C. R. THOBURN, S. T. D., University Park, Oregon
Northwestern Mutual Life
OF MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Grants more Insurance for the Same Cost or the Same Insurance
at Lower Cost than any other Company.
Largest Purely American Company.
Official Reports of State Insurance Departments Represent it to be the
Strongest and Best
For Terms, Address
S. T. L0CKW00D & SON, General Agents,
Concord Building, Portland, Ore.
BURN ROSLYN COAL ||*|| The Blue Mountain Ice and Fuel Company
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY- ADVERTISING SECTION.
John H. Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commercial Block, PORTLAND, ORE.
Russell E. Sewall,
District Attorney
R. R. Giltner
GILTNER & SEWALL
Attorneys at Law
Offices, 508-509 Commercial Building
PORTLAND, OREGON
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorneys at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
SAMUEL J. BRUN
Attorney and Counselor at Law
sixth floor, mills building
San Francisco, Cal.
Practices in all the Courts
EUGENE D WHITE &. CO-
Real Estate
Fire Insurance and Conveyancing; Commissioners of
Deeds for all the States and Territories
Notaries Public.
COMMERCIAL BLOCK, PORTLAND, OREGON
'Phone Oregon Main 6
E. D. White 'Phone Oregon Black 1141
Residence, 475 Morrison St. Res. 'Phone, Ore. Red 2721
JOHN C. LEASURE
Attorney at Law
Criminal, Probate and Corporation Law Specialties
Office Rooms
401-2-20-21 Commercial Building, Portland, Ore.
Office 'Phone, Oregon Main 6
THE OCULISTS' PRESCRIPTION CO.
JAS D. MALCOLM
SPECTACLES AND EYEGLASSES
OF ALL KINDS
Repairing a Specialty
Room 8, Washincton Bloc, 8. E. Cor. Fourth and Washington Sts.
PORTLAND, OREGON
MRS. L. M. ROBERTSON
No. 202 Marquam Building, PORTLAND, OREQON
Fashionable Suits $5 up. Latest French Styles
Satisfaction Guaranteed
SAMUEL JACQUES BRUN
zAvocat Consultant et Plaidant
ARRANGEMENTS DE FAMILLE
ET SUCCESSIONS
6iemk Etage, Mills Building
SAN FRANCISCO
Notary Publ,c Residence | ft^nt h |treet ^ „
GEO. HAYFORD
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW
Offices, 306-308 Chamber of Commerce, Portland, Oregon
Telephone "Black 2915"
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OF NEW BOOKS AND MAGAZINES
25 Cents per Month
•* JONES' BOOK STORE *
291 Alder Street, Portland, Oregon
TUB Blumaner-FnmK Drag Go.
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
CHARLES COOPEY
CIVIL AND MILITARY
Tailor...
Rooms i, 2, 3, 12, 13, Up Stairs
N. E. Corner Third and Stark Streets
Entrance, 88^ Third Street
PORTLAND AGENT FOR ALBANY ( OREGON )
WOOLEN MILLS
THE BLUE MOUNTAIN
u
I
T. J. GORMAN, Manager
COAL ) f/^tiV
No. 247 STARK STREET
Both 'Phones PORTLAND, ORE.
Holiday Goods!
Japanese and Chinese Curios
Fancy Goods, Matting, Fireworks
Flags, Etc.
All kinds of European and Domestic
...TOYS...
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
Andrew Kan & Co.
COR. FOURTH AND
MORRISON STS.
Portland, Oregon
the G* Heitkemper Co.
Watchmakers, Jewelers and
Silversmiths
249 Morrison Street, PORTLAND, OREGON
Beg to announce the arrival of a large, new and well
selected stock of the most beautiful things in Jewelry,
Watches, Silverware and Novelties. Your inspection is
invited.
Our Strong Point— SILVERWARE.
Inquiries by mail promptly answered.
$ Henry Failing H. W. Corbett G. E. Withinglon
ty President Vice President Cashier
i
J. W. Newkirk
Asst. Cashier
W. C. Alvord
2d Asst. Cashier
t
!
\
\»/
f
\»/
v»/
v!/
vl/
\»/
v»/
t
I
p COR. FIRST AND WASHINGTON STS. $
t
i
9
Surplus, - ■ 650,000.00
First
National Bank
OF
PORTLAND, OREGON
Capital,
$500,000.00
Designated Depositary, and Financial
Agent, United States
,„„,„,„„„„„,„„„„„„„„„„„,„,„„„,
This Is
Overcoat
Weather
WE HAVE THE
OVERCOATS
All the latest shapes
and styles in Hart,
Schaffner & Marx —
celebrated goods — at a
saving of $2 to $5 a
coat.
PRICES
$7.50, 8.50, 10, 12, 15, 18 and $20
Sam'l Rosenblatt & Co.
Clothiers, Hatters and
Jurnishers
J93-J95 FIRST STREET, Cor. Taylor
3mmmfmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
MORTGAGE LOANS
ON IMPROVED PORTLAND CITY PROPERTY
In Sums from $500 to $500,000 at lowest
current interest Rates.
Titles
Abstracted and Insured against
Defect or Loss.
Trusts
Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
The Title Guarantee and Trust
..Company..
WM. M. LADD, President
J. THORBLRN ROSS, Manager
T. T. BURKHART, Asst. Secretary
Chamber of Commerce
PORTLAND, ORE.
DO YOU KNOW...
Where the Best Place is to get
Hardware, Tinware, Granite Iron Ware, Aluminum Ware, Air
Tight Heating Stoves and Steel Ranges?
We do. Goods are retailed at
Wholesale Prices by
l\±J\J\^L LJL i~la J_y JJ/XV U 1VX« Bet. Washington and Stark
Next Door to Wm. Gadsby's Furniture Store
3*ine 'Woolens
. . Sarratt dt 2/oung. .
W9 first Street, ZPortiand, Ore.
Agents: Jesse Eddy Woolen Mills, Provo Woolen Mills,
M. B. Shantz Button Mfg. Co.
2£/e a/so Carry in S/ocAr a fine of above Soor/s
S. G. SKIDMORE & CO.
Cut=Rate Druggists
We give Special attention to Prescriptions and
the Selection of High-Grade
Bristle Goods.
151 THIRD STREET
PORTLAND, OREGON
' J<jp ^{KS ^f /'
tO^^oiUjy.
'y
"THE "PACIFIC ^MONTHLY,
Vol, I
NOVEMBER, t898
No, 2
COLUMBIA RIVER SALMON.
By HOLHSTER D. McGUIRE, Oregon State Fish Commissioner.
ONCORHYNCHUS, pronounced Ong-
ko-ring-kus, is the scientific name
of the Pacific Coast salmon, of which there
are five distinct species. They were first
recognized and described by Stellar, the
most exact of early observers. He de-
scribed and distinguished them with per-
fect accuracy in the year 1731. Some 60
years later the German compiler, Johann
Walbaum, gave scientific names to all the
salmon and trout which travelers had de-
scribed. After Stellar and Walbaum, Pal-
las, in the year 1811, recognized these
same species and gave them other names.
Since then writers with little or no knowl-
edge at all of the subject have done their
worst to confuse, until no exact knowledge
of any of the species remained.
Until a few years ago the breeding males
of the five species constituted a separate
genus of many species; the females were
placed in the genus Salmo, and the young
in still another species of a third genus
called Fario. This was supposed to be a
genus of trout.
David Starr Jordan says that not one
of the many writers on these fishes 45
years ago knew a single species at sight
or used knowingly in their description a
single character by which species are
really distinguished. Many of those en-
gaged in the salmon industry on the Co-
lumbia, as well as others, have fallen into
a great error concerning the number of
species of salmon running in that stream.
Some 15 years ago W. A. Jones, major of
engineers, U. S. A., in a report to congress
(Ex. Doc. No. 123, 50th Congress, first ses-
sion, page 16) gave a list of 12 species of
salmon "that run in the Columbia." This
popular error, in regard to the number of
species, is in great part due no doubt to
the extraordinary variability in appear-
ance of the different species of salmon,
largely attributable to the conditions in-
cident to the development of the repro-
ductive organs.
At the present time ichthyologists are a
unit in the opinion that there are only
five distinct species of salmon in the Pa-
cic, viz., (1) the Chinook, or quinnat sal-
mon (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) ; (2)
the blueback salmon, or red fish (Onco-
rhynchus nerka) ; (3) the silver salmon
(Oncorhynchus kisutch) ; (4) the dog sal-
mon (Oncorhynchus keta), and (5) the
humpback salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbus-
cha) ; these scientific names being those
given them by Walbaum nearly 100 years
ago.
The Columbia river is the only stream in
which four of the five species of the Onco-
rhynchus are found in abundance, the
humpback (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) be-
ing the only species not entering that
stream in large numbers, and individuals
of that species have also been taken oc-
casionally.
The spring run of Chinook (Oncorhyn-
chus tschawytscha) is by far the largest,
most important and valuable of the sal-
mon family. Its flesh has an oiliness and
richness of flavor that makes it far su-
perior to the other species as an article
of food. It is the standard of excellency,
and when packed in hermetically sealed
46
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
cans (four-fifths of it being thus pre-
pared for export) brings a higher price
than does the other species. The Chinook
(spring run) is found in great abundance
when at its best only in the Columbia,
the quantity taken in that stream last
year aggregating 33,000,000 pounds, as
against 2,500,000 pounds taken in the Sac-
ramento river and 1,000,000 pounds taken
in Rogue river, these streams being the
only ones that any considerable number
of these fish enter during the spring
months, rarely running in other coast
spawning of the fish only 5 per cent, sur-
vive on account of the freshets that carry
away the eggs, and the predaceous fishes
that prey upon the young.
In the spring the body of the salmon,
when it enters the Columbia, is a beau-
tiful silvery color, the dorsal and caudal
fins being marked with round black spots
and the sides of the head having a tin-
colored, metallic lustre. As they near the
spawning period marked deterioration
takes place. This deterioration is due en-
tirely to the development of the repro
Hollister D. McGuire
streams until marked deterioration has
taken place, greatly impairing its whole-
someness and value as food.
The eggs of this species, as of all the
salmonidae, are much larger than in
fishes generally and the ovaries are with-
out special duct, the eggs falling into the
cavity of the abdomen before they are ex-
cluded. The large size of the eggs, the
fact that they do not stick together, and
the ease with which they may be im-
pregnated, make artificial culture of these
fish a work of wonderful possibilities. By
this means 95 per cent, of the eggs are
successfully hatched, while in the natural
ductive organs. As the spawning period
approaches the male fish grows thin, his
head flattens, the upper jaw curves like a
hook over the lower, the eyes become
sunken, large, powerful, dog-like teeth ap-
pear on both jaws, and the fish acquires
a gaunt and savage look. This is not due
to the change from salt to fresh water
environment, as some suppose, but is en-
tirely attributable to the development of
the milt. This is demonstrated by the
fact that the Chinook salmon, which en-
ter the Columbia river in February and
March and ascend to the headwaters of
the Clackamas to spawn, are identical in
COLUMBIA RIVER SALMON.
47
appearance and condition in the month of
August with many of the same species
that do not leave the ocean and enter the
river until that month.
Chinook salmon do not feed after en-
tering fresh water; their . stomachs and
throats become entirely incapacitated for
receiving food, and the desire and ability
to feed leave them entirely. The great re-
serve of flesh and blood acquired on the
rich feeding grounds of their ocean home
enables them to keep the vital organs ac-
tive until their mission up the fresh-
are frayed and torn and shortly after
spawning they die from exhaustion. This
is the fate, I think, of 90 per cent, of the
Chinook that enter the Columbia. There
are possibly 10 per cent, of this species
that enter the river only a short time be-
fore their spawning period that do not get
far above tidewater; these probably sur-
vive and return to the ocean.
The spawning period for the Chinook on
the Columbia extends from July 15 to No-
vember 15. There is a popular belief
among the cannerymen and fishermen on
Interior of the Clackamas Salmon Hatchery
water streams is accomplished. Chinook^
salmon that ascend 150 miles from the
ocean to spawn do not return to it again,
but die on their spawning grounds. This
has been disputed but it is undoubtedly
true. After spawning the deterioration is
very rapid, the flesh grows pale and they
become foul, diseased and very much ema-
ciated; their scales are wholly absorbed
in the skin, which is now of a dark olive
or black hue; and their heads and bodies
are covered with fungus; the skin is worn
off in places, and their bodies are bruised
from buffeting with the current among
the rocks and boulders; their tails and fins
the Columbia that only the early spawning
fish are of commercial value; that the
fish which spawn in September and Oc-
tober produce a run that does not enter
the river until after the lawful fishing
season. In other words, they claim that
the operation of the hatchery during the
months of September and October is pro-
ducing a fall run of fish of no practical
value. This theory has been proven an
error through the experimental studies
with the marked salmon hereafter re-
ferred to. The eggs from whicn these
marked fry were hatched were taken late
in the month of September, 1895, and all
48
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
the marked fish captured this year (nearly
400 in number) were taken before the
1st of August.
A few days before it is ready to spawn
the female hollows out a small nest in the
gravel in the bed of the stream, and here
the eggs and milt are deposited. The
eggs drift into the crevices of the gravel
and remain in that protected position dur-
ing incubation; here also the young re-
main until the umbilical sac is absorbed.
The eggs hatch in from 45 to 60 days,
according to the temperature of the water,
and the umbilical sac is absorbed in about
six weeks thereafter; it will make its home
in fresh water for about 10 months, and
then go to the ocean, where it remains for
two years, when the development of the
reproductive organs causes it to seek fresh
water in which to spawn, and in all prob-
ability it will return to its native river.
Absolutely nothing is known of the habits
of salmon after they leave fresh water as
yearlings; how far they wander from the
mouth of the parent stream and what
they feed upon is a matter of conjecture,
and until the past year the time they re-
main in the ocean, after leaving the river,
before returning to spawn, was purely a
guess, no scientific experiment prior to
that having ever been made with a view
of accurately determining this important
question.
With a view of ascertaining, if possible,
the age at which a Chinook salmon re-
turned to spawn, the writer requested Mr.
Hubbard, the superintendent of the United
States hatchery on the Clackamas, to mark
a number of Chinook fry. This he did
by cutting off the adipose fin of 5,000 of
them. This marking was done in May,
1896, and the fry were held for about 10
days to note the result of the amputation,
which did not seem to affect them in
the least, and they were released. On the
23d of May of the present year the first
of these marked fish was captured and
sent to the writer, and between that date
and the 1st of August nearly 400 were re-
ported, varying in size from 10 to 57
pounds in weight, and averaging at least
25 pounds. I think this experiment has
clearly demonstrated that the ocean life
of the Chinook is less than two years. It
is believed by many observers that the
Chinook while in the ocean feed upon the
smelt and sardines that usually run in the
Columbia. This theory is based upon the
fact that the stomachs of Chinook salmon
taken just as they were entering the river
have occasionally been found to contain
these fish. The return of the marked
fish is corroborative of the theory that
salmon return to their native waters to
spawn.
I receive many letters from persons who
are unable to distinguish the young of the
salmon from the various forms or species
of trout found in the waters of this state.
This is a matter easily determined. Any
one who will take the trouble to learn
which is the anal fin, the one on the lower
side nearest the caudal fin, can distinguish
young salmon from any species of trout.
All the species of Oncorhynchus have from
14 to 20 rays or ribs in this fin, exclusive
of the stubs or rudiments in front of the
first ray. None of the various species of
trout in the waters of this state have
more than 11 rays or ribs in this fin. The
Chinook or quinnat (Oncorhynchus tsch-
awytscha) in the Columbia has an aver-
age weight of 25 pounds, but individuals
have been found occasionally that weighed
as much as 85 pounds. David Starr Jor-
dan says that they are occasionally taken
weighing 100 pounds. My experience and
observation leads me to believe that 85
pounds is the maximum weight of the
royal Chinook; 60 and 65-pound individ-
uals are quite common. One of the mark-
ed fish heretofore referred to was taken
by the Pillar Rock Packing Company on
the 13th of July, 1898, which was only
two years, seven and one-half months old
and weighed 57 pounds. The smallest of
the marked fish taken weighed only 10
pounds, while the rest varied from 20 to
40 pounds. This demonstrates positively
that there is great variability in the
weight and size of this species at the same
age, and therefore disproves the theory ad-
vanced by some that the great variability
in size of individuals is caused by the
difference in age.
The blueback salmon (Oncorhynchus
nerka) is next to the Chinook the most im-
portant and valuable of the five species for
canning purposes. Taking the entire coast,
it is probably more numerous than all the
other species combined. It is known on
the different coast streams by local names
COLUMBIA RIVER SALMON.
49
— blueback on the Columbia, sock-eye or
saw-qui on Puget Sound and Fraser river,
and red fish or red salmon in Alaska.
With the exception of the humpback, it is
the smallest of the five species, the largest
individuals rarely exceeding 10 pounds in
the Columbia, and the average weight is
about iy2 pounds. In various inland lakes
it is much smaller, and weighs about y2
pound when mature, and is then called the
little red fish.
It closely follows the Chinook run in
the Columbia river in the spring. The
Chinook enter the river in small numbers
in January, the blueback following in
March. It ascends only those streams
which rise in cold snow-fed lakes. Its
favorite spawning ground in the Colum-
bia river basin is Wallowa lake, in North-
eastern Oregon. Its spawning period is
from August 1st to October 1st.
Until the breeding season the blueback
is a bright blue on the top, shading grad-
ually to the middle, where it becomes a
bright silver in color. It is very symmet-
rical in shape. Its flesh, prior to the
breeding season, is a bright red, which
color is retained in cooking and which
makes it, next to the Chinook, the most
valuable for canning purposes. At the
spawning period the male fish develops
an extravagantly hooked jaw, the color
changes to a blood red on the back and
to a dark red on the sides. Unlike the
Chinook, they do not run in abundance
every year, the large runs coming every
four years and a lesser run every two
years. Ten years ago the species were
much more abundant in the Columbia
than at present. The year 1894 witnessed
the largest run of these fish in that
/stream ever known since the inception
of the salmon canning industry. Since that
year there has been a marked decline in
the run of these fish, and many who have
studied this question believe that the
blueback is threatened with extinction on
the Columbia river. This would seem to
be the inevitable result of the neglect of
the state to take the most ordinary pre-
caution for the protection of this fish. The
blueback formerly spawned in large num-
bers in Wallowa lake, and the young pass-
ed down Wallowa river to the sea. Farm-
ers and ranchers for years have connected
their irrigating ditches with the stream
and have failed to erect suitable screens,
which has resulted in thousands upon
thousands of young fish being carried out
upon the open fields to perish. This drain
upon the fountain head of supply has
nearly exterminated the blueback run of
the Columbia river. All irrigating ditch-
owners along the Wallowa river should
be required to put in and maintain suit-
able screens to prevent the small fish
from passing out upon the fields. The
general fisheries bill recently passed re-
quires such screens to be erected. The
blueback averages about 1,000 eggs to the
fish.
The humpback salmon (Oncorhynchus
gorbuscha) is the smallest of the Oncor-
hynchus, averaging less than five pounds,
and seldom weighing as much as nine
pounds. It rarely enters the Columbia
river, but is found in great abundance in
Alaska. The flesh is of fine flavor, but is
neglected by canners because of its lack
of color. It is probable, however, that it
will eventually be utilized for canning
purposes by Alaskan cannerymen.
When this salmon first enters fresh
water it greatly resembles a small Chi-
nook, but as it approaches the spawning
period it develops a large and prominent
hump on its back, hence the name "hump-
back." This, with the distortion of the
jaws, the sloughing of the skin and flesh,
which is incident to spawning, result in
the death of all the fish on the spawning
grounds. There are only a few hundred
eggs to each fish, they being smaller than
those of the Chinook but larger than those
of the blueback, and paler in color than
the eggs of either of those species.
Silver salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutsch),
also called silversides, skowitz, kisutsch,
hoopid salmon, and coho salmon. It is one
of the handsomest of the salmon family,
being symmetrical in form and of a beau-
tiful silver color. It is inferior for can-
ning purposes to the Chinook and blue-
back, for the reason that it will not retain
its color in cooking. Large numbers of
this species, however, are utilized on the
Columbia river. Its average size in that
stream is about eleven pounds. It enters
the river in Septembei and continues to
run until November; it does not go to the
headwaters like the Chinook and blue-
back, but spawns in the lower river. The
5°
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
silverside averages 2,000 eggs to the fish.
The dog salmon (Oncorhynchus keta)
reaches an average weight of 12 pounds. It
is the least valuable of the five species. In
the spring it is of a dirty silvery color, or
sprinkled with small back specks; the fins
dusky. In the fall the male is of a
blackish color, and its jaws greatly dis-
torted, giving the fish a very repulsive
look. Just after entering fresh water from
the ocean the flesh has a beautiful red
color, but deteriorates rapidly, and is then
inferior to the other species as an article
spawning season is from February to May,
In appearance it greatly differs from any
of the regular salmon. It is moie slender
than the Chinook, and its flesh is light
colored. The average weight of the steel-
head in the Columbia is about 10 pounds;
individuals, however, are sometimes taken
weighing as much as 30 pounds.
The steelhead is found in the Columbia
during the entire year, and under the pro-
visions of the law in force during the last
eight years has been subject to the ope-
rations of the fishermen for 10 months of
Milting Sal
of food. They ascend the rivers but a
short distance before spawning. Formerly
none of this species was canned on the
Columbia, but owing to the scarcity of
other species a few packers of late years
have canned these fish, but have carefully
avoided labeling them "dog salmon."
The steelhead salmon (Salmo gairdneri)
is also known as Gairdner's trout, so called
in honor of Dr. Gairdner, who first rec-
ognized and classified it. It is also known
as hardhead, winter salmon, square-tailed
trout and salmon trout. It is, strictly
speaking, a trout, but under the laws of
Oregon is protected as a salmon. Its
mon Eggs
the year. Under this continued drain
there has been a steady and constant de-
cline in the abundance of this fish running
in the Columbia. I have repeatedly called
attention to the necessity of providing a
winter close season, if this valuable fish is
to be preserved from extinction.
The Astoria Progressive Commercial
Association, realizing the importance ot
doing something for the preservation of
these fish, undertook, in the early part of
the present year, to operate a hatchery
for their artificial propagation, the funds
for carrying on the work being raised
through private subscription. This was
COLUMBIA RIVER SALMON.
5i
the first effort ever made in the North-
west to artificially propagate these fish,
and was in every way successful. The eggs
are smaller than those of the Chinook and
average about 3,500 to the fish, and can
be as successfully handled as those of
the former, although it is more difficult to
hold the spawning fish owing to freshets
incident to the season in which they
spawn, which are liable to carry away
the racks and release the parent fish.
The steelhead is in its prime in the
fall of the year, and deteriorates slowly
until the spawning time (between Febru-
ary and May). It differs materially from
the Oncorhynchus, in that it survives the
reproductive act and returns to the ocean,
while the former perish after performing
this function. They ascend as far up the
headwaters and tributaries of the Colum-
bia as it is possible for a fish to make its
way.
For canning purposes, when in their
prime they are only inferior to the Chi-
nook and blueback. For shipping they
are preferred to the Chinook. The won-
derful increase in the fresh-fish trade in-
dustry during the past six years, result-
ing in an increased demand for steel-
heads, has had the effect of raising the
value of these fish, until at certain sexsons
of the year the fishermen receive a higher
price for them than for the Chinook.
This brief and hastily written descrip-
tion of the Columbia river salmon would
be incomplete and unsatisfactory should I
close without referring to the great indus-
try that has grown and prospered upon it
for more than a third of a century, and
the methods of reaping the great harvest
that annually bless that mighty river.
The apparatus employed consists of gill-
nets, pound nets, fish wheels, seines, set-
nets and dipnets. Of these, gillnet fishing
is by far the most important, 3,184 men
being thus engaged in taking salmon,
using 1,632 gillnets valued at $379,220, and
1,589 boats valued at $219,000. From 60
to 65 per cent of the annual catch is taken
by this method. One thousand and ten
men are engaged in fishing with wheels,
poundnets, seines, setnets, etc., the aggre-
gate value of which amounts to $560,000,
in all making an industrial army of 4,194
persons engaged in the salmon fishery of
the Columbia river. In addition to these
there are 2,227 persons employed in the
canneries and as shoresmen. The value
of shore property, buildings, machinery
and cold-storage plants amounts to $1,000,-
000. The cash capital employed amounts
to $950,000, thus making a grand total of
6,421 persons employed, and $3,108,220 in-
vested in this greatest and most important
river fishery in the world. This harvest
of the waters has produced a wealth ten
times exceeding that of the famous Klon-
dike, and has annually yielded up its
treasures for more than a generation. It
has been a marvelous mine of wealth with-
out the rigors of an Arctic winter, con-
tributing largely to the prosperity and
welfare of our state.
The total ouput of the Columbia river
salmon fishery since the enterprise
was inaugurated as a commercial factor
aggregates 850,000,000 pounds, worth
$75,000,000. If all these salmon could be
loaded on freight cars it would require
42,500 cars to hold them, making a solid
train of over 280 miles long. No other
river or like area of water anywhere on
earth has ever yielded such vast wealth
in the same period of time. If the com-
prehensive law recently enacted by the
Oregon legislature is also passed by the
Washington law-makers, and then strictly
enforced, this great industry will con-
tinue to yield its treasures to the Pacific
Northwest. At present the output ap-
proximates $3,000,000 per annum, one-half
of which goes into the hands of the in-
dustrial army that gathers and prepares
the product for the markets of the world.
For a number of years there has been a
gradual diminution in the abundance of
salmon in the Columbia river, but during
the past season the falling off was so pro-
nounced as to alarm many who have here-
tofore been indifferent. They at last seem
to realize that we cannot continue to reap
bountiful harvests indefinitely without
sowing.
The future prosperity, and, in my opin-
ion, the preservation of this great indus-
try depends upon artificial propagation
and a strict enforcement of the laws,
which I believe has been made possible
under the act drafted by the Astoria
Progressive Commercial Association, and
which was enacted into a law at the re-
cent session of the Oregon legislature.
SALMON FISHING ON THE LOWER COLUMBIA.
<5y C. L. SIMPSON,
THE life of a fisherman on the Lower
Columbia, particularly if he be a
gillnetter, is full of interest and ex-
citement, and not without an element of
danger. And though the season is brief
the harvest is sure, and more than ordi-
nary wages can be made by the indus-
trious laborer. It is true there are some-
times heavy losses incurred. For instance,
it is not infrequently necessary for a bar
fisherman to cut away half or the whole
of his net in order to save his boat or
even his life.
Of the several methods of capturing
fish on the Columbia, the gillnet is most
in favor on the lower river. The large
canneries situated at Astoria are supplied
almost wholly with fish taken by this
means. On the Washington side, from
McGowan's cannery at Chinook beach to
Seaborg's, at Ilwaco, the numerous traps
are the dependency. The Fishermen's
Union, with headquarters at Astoria, has
a membership of about 5,000, all of whom
are gillnetters. Their boats all bear,
plainly stamped upon the bow in the form
of a circle, the initial letters, C. R. F. P.
U., and it is well for non-union men to re-
spect this of the organization. The Co-
lumbia River Fishermen's Protective
Union is a power on the river, and bold
indeed is he and reckless of consequences
who dares to disregard or oppose it.
So necessary are the gillnet fishermen
to the Astoria canneries that should they
refuse to fish during the season the busi-
ness of the packing houses would come to
a standstill, as happened in the case of the
great strike three years ago.
Of the 5,000 union men the majority are
Russian Finns; Italians come next, and are
increasing in numbers from year to year.
Very few of either nationality are nat-
uralized.
Most of the gillnet fishing is done be-
low Astoria, the boats venturing to the
very mouth of the river and even out
upon the bar.
Down beneath the beetling brow of
Cape Disappointment, stretching over a
mile parallel to the "channel," is the
dreaded and dangerous Peacock spit.
When fair weather prevails there is at
high tide scarcely a break in the gently
undulating swells that heave in from the
sea, and lazily wash the beach and the
base of the precipitous Washington prom-
ontory. An ordinary rowboat in the
hands of a skillful oarsman might cross
the treacherous shoals with perfect
safety. How delusive is this seeming
calm! Peacock spit is the terror of the
fisherman, and woe to him who finds him-
self in its immediate vicinity in time of
storm! It is then, or when, on account of
recent bad weather far off at sea, white-
crested combers springing up suddenly
from unknown depths unexpectedly rush
in, perpendicular walls of water rise and
burst in a thousand cataracts, and the
roar of the angry surf is deafening. The
"wild white horses" madly charge and
trample to nothingness the unlucky mortal
who is caught upon their middle ground.
Opposite the westernmost point of Sand
island Peacock spit gradually disappears,
and a considerable reach of deeper water
smothers the "break" for a time, or until
the wreck of the "Great Republic" shows
where the treacherous sands again seek
the upper world. To the southward,
across the ship channel, commencing some
distance beyond the seaward end of the
government breakwater, and extending
nearly its entire length, a bar has formed
since the construction of the jetty. At
low tide all three of these spits are plainly
visible. To them is due a yearly loss
of life and property among the fishermen
of the lower river. Owing to the un-
common action of the tides, the first-
named of these shoals is most to be
feared and avoided. But it is just here in
the narrow channel bounded by these
three white squadrons that millions of
salmon crowd in, athirst for the fresh
54
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
waters of the Rockies and the Cascades,
and eager to ascend to the spawning
grounds, from whence, it is claimed, they
never return. And who can blame the
fisherman, if he takes his life in his hand
and sails out to meet his fate upon the
bar? Once inside the wide mouth of the
river the fish scatter, and are not so
easily taken in large numbers.
Another lure to danger in this connec-
tion is the fact that salmon delight to
sport in the breakers. It is positively
known that, if it were possible for a 300-
fathom net to fish on Peacock spit at cer-
tain times when the tide is full, a boat-
load of salmon could be caught as rapidly
as the net could be hauled in. Men with
more daring than discretion have made
the attempt and lost their lives in conse-
quence.
Gillnet fishing is carried on by night
as well as by day, but usually, when
night work is profitable, it is not prac-
ticable to fish on the day tides. Generally
speaking, the heaviest catches are made
between sunrise and sunset from the open-
ing of the season up to June or July; the
remaining months the opposite is the
case. The reason for this lies in the
fact that salmon can only be caught in
the meshes of a gillnet when the condi-
tion of the water conceals the snare. Dur-
ing the first months of the open season
the river is always in flood and the muddy
current obscures the net into which the
fish in his eager progress bolts unaware.
But when the current clears, as it does in
July, or sometimes earlier, day-fishing is a
profitless task. The stream has been
known to be literally alive with salmon,
and yet scarcely one could be taken while
daylight lasted. By the time the night
fishing begins, the warm summer season
has arrived, and danger from storms is
ordinarily past. If, however, the freshet
is light, the day tides have to be aban-
doned much earlier, and the persistent in-
tervals of bad weather peculiar to this re-
gion makes drifting about in the night
anything but a pleasant occupation.
Gillnetters who sell their catches to
the Astoria canneries do practically all
their fishing on or near the bar, in close
proximity to the jetty sands, Great Re-
public and Peacock spits. In the fore part
of the season, hundreds of boats may be
seen from the station at Fort Canby, rock-
ing idly in the rolling swell, apparently in
the very edge of the break. The object of
the fisherman is to approach as near the
outer break as possible, without actually
getting into it. And right here is where
nets are lost and lives are sacrificed.
The tide and tide-table often disagree.
Local disturbances effect these changes.
An apparently insignificant disparity of
time and tide, the occasion of which is fre-
quent and unavoidable, is to blame for
many a fatality.
The two stages of tide known as "low-
water slack" and "high-water slack" are
most favorable for fishing. It is the fresh
water of the Columbia that the Chinook
salmon is seeking, and he is not to be
turned from his quest. All other streams
in that vicinity he ignores. Willapa har-
bor is not more than twenty-five miles
from the mouth of the Columbia, and yet
a genuine red-meated Chinook has never
been caught in its waters. The same is
true of Gray's harbor and Puget sound.
The course of the vast schools on entering
the river is directly against the current.
When the tide ebbs the salmon all ascend,
and with the flood, when the current sets
in strongly from the sea, they turn about
and swim back toward the harbor bar.
There is always a period of from forty
minutes to an hour at high and low-water
slack, respectively, when the water is at
a standstill, or nearly so, and what makes
these stages best for fishing is that then,
and only then, salmon dart about in every
direction, searching persistently for the
source of the fresh water. The absence of
any current so bewilders them that a gill-
net laid out in any position has the double
chance of catching fish that happen to be
on either side.
Gillnetters who fish on the bar, after
delivering their catch at Astoria, calculate
to leave port at a stage of tide that will
enable them, when their nets are cast out
anywhere below, to drift to the bar by
low water. To accomplish this is simple
enough, providing the net is laid out right-
ly, and the tide-table and your timepiece
are correct. The tide-table is to the bar
fisherman what the compass is to the
mariner. A trustworthy timepiece he
must have. It is customary to lay the net
out at Astoria about half-tide, in order to
SALMON FISHING ON THE LOWER COLUMBIA.
55
make the drift so as to catch the bar at
low slack. The nets are heavily leaded,
usually 300 fathoms in length, and deep
enough to drag on the bottom. This drag-
ging retards the progress of the drift, but
a shallower net would permit the salmon
to pass underneath. The meshes are of
two general sizes, 9% inches and 11 inches.
The former are intended for the average
fish, the latter for the large ones.
The nets are put out at right angles to
the current, and as far apart as the limited
space will permit. Frequently the boats
are so numerous that they may be seen
drifting not over 150 yards distant from
each other.
A good fisherman figures on the position
of the nets about him, and lays his own
so that he will not be in the rear of any.
The flood-tide drift is not considered as
good, though it is utilized because it is on
the way home.
Fishermen have no regular sleeping
time. When two tides a day are worked,
only three or four hours are left for sleep.
A ton of fish is not an infrequent result
for one boat's work. Sixty or eighty dol-
lars is a fair return for seven or eight
hours of toil and exposure. The desire to
be "high" boat is responsible for the per-
nicious habit of "corking," which is to de-
liberately steal another's legitimate posi-
tion, thus shutting him out entirely. This
is done stealthily at night time, and be-
fore day dawns the robber has taken in
his net and moved away unobserved.
It is ordinarily safe to lie with a good
portion of the net out close to Peacock
spit, at slack water. The net is station-
ary, and in fair weather there is only a
heavy swell from the breakers, probably
not 300 feet away. Before the first of the
flood, the net must be well into the boat.
The moment the tide turns the "break"
becomes heavier, and a strong current sets
in directly over the spit. If the net is
caught in the eddy, there is only one of
two things to do — cut it loose and save
yourself, or stay with it and take the
breakers. Many have chosen the latter
course and escaped with their lives after a
terrible ordeal. The life-saving crews
have rescued hundreds who had strength
enough left to cling to some part of the
boat, but countless others have been swept
into eternity. An upturned boat when the
morning breaks, or a twisted net cast
ashore, tells the story of doom.
During an unexpected storm some ten
years ago, it was estimated that over 300
lives were lost in a single night. The sud-
denness of the gale prevented the fishing
fleet from escaping to shelter behind Sand
island, the usual refuge of the bar fisher-
man in wild weather.
There are several things for a fisherman
to take into consideration while plying his
vocation. He must keep his gear in first-
class order, know the exact stages of the
tides, observing how they are affected by
storms or heavy winds; must be perfectly
familiar with the shoals and channels; and
must have located each snag in order to
avoid it; he must be enough of a weather
prophet to ordinarily predict and so escape
an approaching storm; know where the
best fishing grounds are, and precisely
when and in what manner to lay out his
net; and understand the handling of a
boat in rough weather. These are the nec-
essary qualifications of a successful Co-
lumbia river fisherman. A lack in any of
these things is likely to result in disaster.
The actual mortality attendant upon
this work will probably never be dis-
closed. It is the policy of the Fishermen's
Union to be non-communicative concern-
ing any and all affairs relating to the or-
ganization. Whenever a body is recov-
ered and identified, it is conveyed to Asto-
ria and given a plain burial. When
drowned fishermen are unidentified, the
Union does not bury them. That act is
performed in the county where the body is
found, and, since there is no provision
made for such burial by either state or
county, these victims of the treacherous
sea are laid to rest in the sands of the
shore above the reach of the tide. Un-
wept and nameless, they sleep in unmarked
graves, and the ceaseless moan of the
waves is their requiem.
A ROUGH RIDER.
<By F. J. McHENRY.
D
C i r\ IDN'T know Jake Hodge, stran-
ger?"
There was an unspeakable
contempt in the speaker's voice, evidently
caused by my lack of knowledge of Osage
country's greatest celebrity. Said lack
was 'excused only after I had explained
that I was recently from the East. Owing
to my rough dress, it is fair to presume
that I had been taken for one indigenous
to the plains. A consummation I had de-
voutly wished for, owing to the remem-
brance of a startling incident on a pre-
vious visit four years before, on which
occasion I had heard the crack of a pistol
and a bullet whizzing past my head, which
proved to be an emphatic, if not a very
pleasant, way of a coterie of cowboys of
reminding me that the denizens of the
plains drew the line at silk tiles. So, at
least, the fat Jew had explained, who im-
mediately after the shot yanked me bodily
into his store hard by, and sold me for
six dollars and four bits a slouch hat that
would not have sold for the four-bit por-
tion of that sum in the effete East.
It was on that first trip that I had met
Jake Hodge, ex-cowboy, and at that period
the proud handler of the ribbons over four
spanking horses that took the tri-weekly
stage bowling out of D. City to Cotton-
wood, fifty miles south, on the Cimmaron.
Jake was a character in his way, for
while, as a matter of course, he was of
that rough exterior naturally engendered
by his surroundings, nevertheless he was
at heart a pretty good fellow, and that,
too, notwithstanding that he had been, in
the parlance of the plains, "a tin-horn
gambler." The most formidable oath he
was ever known to use, when angered by
one of the male persuasion, was, "You dog-
goned dadbusted son of a sea cook." After
having delivered himself thus, he acted
as if the person addressed had been placed
in the lowest category imaginable, and
never, even though he stood six feet one
in his stockings, with a proportionately
Herculean frame, was he ever looked upon
as having, in plains parlance, "a big plenty
of fight in him." He used to say himself,
"I'd ruther eat three square meals a day
A ROUGH RIDER.
57
than be the dadbusted bulliest hero that
ever died with his boots on."
However, my acquaintance with him
does not warrant my telling his story. But
I will give it as told to me by a local
character who was christened Roper
Smith, but commonly called Rope. It
was he who had made the above reply
that opens this true story. The name of
Jake Hodge seemed to be in everybody's
mouth, and I was curious to know if I
could connect it with my quondam ac-
quaintance of the stage. So, after Rope
had "liquored up" at my expense, we set-
tled ourselves on a rough bench in front
of the Coyote saloon, and he gave me the
following facts regarding Jake Hodge
since I had known him.
"Well, pardner, ez you're a sure-enough
stranger on this range, I'll be plum pleased
to tell you about Jake Hodge.
"Let's see; it was three years ago last
fall round-up, that I war up at D City
with Jake, an' we had loaded on all ther
express and war pullin' past ther hotel
when ther galoot that is called ther lan'-
lord sung out an' allowed that thar was
two passengers who wanted to occupy ther
hurricane deck of that ar stage as far as
Cottonwood. Jake just yapped back,
'Well, trot ther durned galoots out an' git
'em abroad.' Right thar, pard, I happened
to look at Jake's face, an' I saw his eyes
bug out ez big ez a lassoed cow. An' no
wonder, pard, fer trottin' down them ar
hotel steps to git on ther stage was ther
purtiest dadburned leetle bunch of petti-
coats that these old blinkers of mine ever
blinked at. She war callin' out in a voice
as sweet as a durned lark, 'Hurry up, papa,
an' help me in.' But quicker'n you could
snap a quirt, Jake war on ther groun' an',
throwin' me ther ribbons, he went to 'sist-
in' her like she'd been the queen of Tim-
buctoo. Just 'bout that time, pard, ther
parient— a little, sawed-off, broad-ez-long
Dutchman — came down to ther stage, a-
puffin' like a wind-broke broncho, an'
dumb in too.
"Supposin' that Jake war goin' to git in
'longside er me, I started to hand him ther
ribbons, when I saw him give a disgusted
look at his togs, an' then, pard, he says to
me, 'Rope, I have a leetle business to at-
tend to that I'd 'most furgot. You jist
keep ther ribbons an' sashay along at a
moderate gait out on ther road an' I'll
catch up with you on a broncho, 'fore you
reach Twelve-Mile creek.'
"You see that big cattleman's outflttin'
store acrost 'tother corner, pard? Well,
it war on ther way out to Twelve-Mile that
I first diskivered that our Dutch passen-
ger, old Van Dorn, was ther father-in-law
to Jim Clark, that is ther boss of that ar
outfit, Jim havin' married ther oldest sis-
ter of that there pretty bunch of petti-
coats. Old Van Dorn had got rich late in
life, an' had edicated ther 'foresaid gal
finer'n a sky pilot, an' was a-takin' her
on a visit to her sister in Cottonwood.
"It war sure easy enough to see that
ther old man thought her about ez fine a
critter ez ever pranced over ther range,
an' not by his consent would any ordinary
galoot ever have ther chance to put ther
cinch on her.
"We war a-nearin' of Twelve-Mile when
I heard a clatter of hoofs behind us, an'
up tore Jake on ther back of a sweatin'
broncho. Changed? Well, some, pard,
some. He'd blowed hisself for a whole
durned outfit, from a pair of high-heeled
puncher's boots up to a Stetson sombrero,
with a leaf ez wide ez ther horns of a
Texas steer. Ez sure ez shootin', pard, he
did look skookum in them ar store clothes,
topped off by er red necktie big enough
to set all ther bulls on ther range a-
fightin'.
"Pardner, I'll allow that I'm usually dull
ez a suckin' calf in a blizzard, but I could
see that ther glance that Gretchen — ez old
Van Dorn called her — gave Jake when git-
tin' on ther stage, had done for him an'
thrown him at her feet quicker'n if he'd
stuck his foot in a durned coyote hole on
ther dead run. So I didn't surprise much
when Jake came lopin' up all togged out.
But the gal, Lord bless her purty eyes,
flushed up a pink that 'ud have put a
prairie rose to shame, 'cause she knowed
at once Jake had done it in honor of her.
"Purty soon, pardner, we rolled up to
ther sod house at Twelve-Mile, an' while
Van Dorn and Gretchen rested in ther
shade of ther house, me an' Jake watered
ther stock an' hatched ther plot that arter-
wards made Jake act like a doggoned lo-
coed idiot.
58
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
"You see, pardner, he war dead gone on
that ar gal, an' believin' that all's fair in
love an' war, he asked me if I would strad-
dle his broncho an' ride on about six miles
ahead to ther Cross Bar ranch, which was
located in a canyon a half-mile off ther
trail, an' couldn't be seen, an' tell ther
boys there that he had a Dutchman aboard
that war afraid of bein' held up by road
agents, which war true enough. He told
me to tell the boys that he wanted to play
a joke on ther Dutchman by havin' them
come tearin' after ther stage out of ther
canyon on their bronchos, an' to have
them keep up a stiff yell an' use their
forty-fivers some liberal, but to be dad-
busted careful to shoot high, as he war
goin' to git out an' pertend to defend ther
stage. In this way, by purtendin' to fight
ther robbers to a standstill, Jake hoped to
gain ther undyin' gratitood of Gretchen
an' have her love him hard for a dad-
busted hero.
"So, pardner, makin' believe to ther old
man that I wanted to limber up a leetle
on horseback, I started out for Cross Bar
ranch, while Jake held them a half hour
at Twelve-Mile, makin' 'em think he had
to fix ther harness, so's to give me time to
fix things with ther boys. I didn't have
any trouble with 'em on that score, pard,
for they hadn't had such a pizen big layout
of fun in a coon's age. So I had plenty of
time to git back to ther stage 'fore it war
within two miles of where ther punchers
war to help Jake make a dadbusted hero
of hisself.
"Ther outfit they used for a stage was a
long box spring-wagon with curtains on
ther sides, with room for three seats, but
ther bein' only four aboard we used only
two, leavin' quite a space back for mail
sacks and packages. On purtence of her
bein' able to see ther kentry better, Jake
had got ther gal in the front seat with
him, while ther dad meditatively smoked
his pipe in ther back seat.
"It war that way I found 'em when I
met 'em on ther trail, an' Jake tipped me
ther wink to get in ther back seat with
ther old man. So, after tyin' ther bronk
at ther back, I dumb in 'longside of ther
old fellow, an' fell to tellin' wild yarns
about ther cowpunchers an' road agents.
It war about time for ther boys to show
up, an' I had commenced to think they
had fluked me, when all ter once I seed
a half dozen of 'em cum scootin' out of
ther canyon an' yellin' like a pack er
durned Comanches.
"Say, pard, you ought ter have seen that
Dutchman's face as ther boys commenced
ter shoot. Talk about skeer; he war
worse skeered than any durned tenderfoot
that ever danced before a drunken cow-
boy's forty-five.
"He yelled, 'Mine Got in Himmel, is dose
der road agents?' 'Yes,' says Jake, 'an'
Dick Bummell's gang at that, ther worst
in ther southwest.' At that Jake com-
menced to lash ther horses, an' we went
whirlin' over ther prairie, slikerty ker-
sloot, faster than ther devil after a sinner,
while the leetle gal war all ther time cry-
in' out, 'O! my poor papa, he'll be killed!'
An' Jake war tryin' to curry her down
with soft words.
"Purty soon he saw ther horses war
sweatin' like a nigger at election, an' git-
tin' blowed bad, while ther bronk at ther
back war tearin' round like mad, tryin' to
git loose. Jake saw something had ter be
done, so turnin' to me he says, 'Climb over
here an' take these ar reins an' slow up a
leetle.' Then he drew his shootin' iron
an' looked at ther loads, borrowed mine,
an' commenced to crawl back an' untie
ther broncho.
"Pardner, it war mean, but Gretchen,
thinkin' it was all real stuff, called out to
him in tones of terror, 'O Mr. Hodge,
what are you goin' ter do?' 'Goin' ter save
you, or leave my carcass for ther coyotes
to feed upon,' sung back Jake as he
jumped to ther ground.
"At that he sprung inter ther saddle, an'
yelled ter me ter drive faster. I had noth-
in' to do but ter obey orders, so I gave
ther horses such a cut as drove them
sockdoleger inter ther collars, givin' ther
stage such a jerk forward that it loosened
ther old Dutchman's seat, dumpin' him
backards among ther mail sacks, where
with his fat legs wavin' in ther air he lay
on ther broad of his back bellerin' louder'n
a drove of stampeded cattle in a storm.
"Jake by this time, watched by Gretchen,
war ridin' helter skelter back at ther sup-
posed robbers. All at once he pulled up
an' went ter gittin' out his guns. Ther
gal cried, 'He's goin' ter shoot 'em.' She
was so excited *hat she didn't notice me
A ROUGH RIDER.
59
slowin' up, an' I looked roun' .lust in time
ter see Jake fire, an' at each shot one of
ther boys tumble to ther groun' 'cordin'
ter instructions. Finally, there war but
two left, an' they turned tail an' scam-
pered off, leavin' Jake to cum back ter
ther stage a conquerin' hero, while ther
boys that war supposed to be shot were
flounderin' around like chickens with their
heads cut off, an' ther gal a-pityin' of
them 'cause they war in ther death throes ;
but I knowed blamed well they war just
bustin' their sides with laugh at ther old
Dutchman's heels in ther air.
"Arter Jake got back in ther stage, an'
we made it penetrate ther old man's mind
that Jake war not one of ther robbers, we
got him right side up with care once more.
He an' Gretchen put up a song of praise
of Jake's bravery that kept him in a con-
tinooal blush, but it warn't all from pleas-
ure, but a good deal of shame was runnin*
over ther range of his feelin's. But ter
ther gal he was a real hero, an' durin'
ther rest of ther drive her purty blue eyes
skasely ever left his face.
"A leetle after sundor^i we pulled inter
Cottonwod, an' after supper me an' Jake
an' a lot of ther boys war standin' round
in front of this ar saloon swappin' lies,
when up cums ther old Dutchman. Takin'
Jake by ther arm, he invited us all in ter
take suthin'. When we-all uns had named
our pizen, an' war about ter say 'Here's to
you,' the old fellow says, 'Poys, I vish ter
introduce to you der biggest hero of der
centuary,' an' Jake nor I couldn't stop him
till he'd told ther whole blamed story of
ther hold-up. That was a part of ther
shootin' match that we'd never considered,
an' we'd both have given a slicker to never
have held that hold-up. The town at that
time, pard, war on ther boom, and we had
a good many more women here than now,
an' ther gal had rounded up all those fe-
male critters an' given Jake a bigger send-
off 'n ther old man had in ther Coyote
saloon.
"To make a long story short, pard, noth-
in' would do but the citzens of this camp
must hire a substitute for Jake and give
him a lay-off of a whole week, an' a blow-
out, for they believed ther story all ther
more, for ther had been a genuine hold-up
forty miles north of D — — City ther week
before.
"For about four days Jake an' ther gal
owned ther town, an' enyone with half
an eye could see that they were orful
spooney on each other. Jake'd take her
out walkin' every evenin' down to that
lone cottonwood tree thar, an' there they'd
sit an' eye each other like a couple of
durned matin' burds. Happy? They war
that, for a fact.
"The fall round-up was on south of here,
an' Jake took Gretchen out ter see ther
sight. My! How peart proud she was
when Jake cut out a frisky 3-year-old out
of a herd that a puncher had been tryin'
to get for half an hour. This was the
fourth day of Jake's lay-off, pard, an'
while he was out at ther round-up a couple
of ther Cross Bar boys came down to take
a hand, and while in ther Coyote saloon,
an' not knowin' they war doin' of Jake
any harm, who they liked harder than a
mule can kick, blatted out the true story
of how ther blamed hold-up happened ter
come off.
"Well, ther cat was outen ther bag, an'
old Van Dorn, from bein' full of gratitood,
had turned hotter against Jake than a
cattleman ever was agin a tenderfoot that
was homesteadin' in part of his range.
"When Jake an' Gretchen got back, rid-
in' in ter town ez happy ez two bufflers in
a waller, the folks seed 'em comin' an' ez
ther two rode up commenced to guy Jake
onmarcifully. 'Nough war said to let
Gretchen catch on that ther hold-up was
a hoax. Turnin' pale like, she says to
Jake, with her sweet lips quiverin', 'Jacob,
is this true?' Tears welled up in her purty
blue eyes ez Jake replied, all choked like,
'Yes, Gretchen, I'm a bigger sneak than a
cattle rustler.' Then she slid from her
broncho an' with a simple 'Good-bye,
Jake,' staggered inter her sister's house.
"Pardner, I've seen men strung up, shot
full of holes an' cross over ther great di-
vide by bein' trampled to death by herds
of wild steers, but I never saw such pain
an' agony in a human critter's face ez
war in Jake's ez he watched her ter ther
door. Then while ther crowd jeered he
turned his broncho's head toward the
Texas Panhandle on a wild, mad ride.
"I'd rid the line, pardner, too long with
Jake an' knew him ter be all man, ter let
him go off alone like that. Straddlin' my
bronk I put spurs and quirt ter him an'
6o
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
started likerty skit, an' overhauled Jake
'bout two miles down in No Man's Land
He tried to speak, but ther war a hitch in
his talkin' apparatus. I said to him.
'.Take, old pard, wherever your range is,
I'm goin' with you.' When he found he
wasn't entirely forsaken, he stuck out his
hand an' tried once more to speak, but it
broke him all up, an' purty soon we war
both blubberin' like a couple of kids with
ther lollypops.
"I got him ter stay over at Lone Tree
ranch while I went back to Cottonwood
an' next morn I war back with a purty
fair outfit for two for ther range. I'd also
larned in town that Van Dorn and Gretch-
en were about to start for their home in
B., Missoury.
"I won't spin out this yarn too long,
pard, by tellin' you of how we lived for
the next two years, but git down ter ther
meat of ther thing by tellin' you that Jake
writ Gretchen a letter a tellin' her how
he come to play that trick, an' addin'
that, if God would let him live, he would
yet prove hisself all ther man she had
thought him. Not a line ever came back
in answer, but he kept a workin' like a
man on ther range, an' all ther time
studyin' jogerpher, readin', writin' an'
grammur, till, by an' by, his lingo became
so darned high-falutin' that half ther time
I didn't know what he war talkin' about,
but all ther time he remained ther same
quiet good feller.
"We'd been down in ther Panhandle,
pard, about two years, when one day ther
foreman of ther Circle ranch, where we
war workin', sent both of us to Budgeville
for supplies. When about six miles from
ther town, near the heel of ther evenin',
one of them Texas northers came up, an'
it warn't long 'fore we war lost in ther
worst blizzard I ever seed. Say, pardner,
it war a frozen hell of fury let loose. We
war lopin' along, headin' northeast almost
in ther teeth of ther storm. All ter once
Jake's broncho refused to face it longer,
an' mine, seein' him turn, follered suit.
The devil seemed ter be in 'em, an' spur
nor quirt wouldn't make 'em go any other
way. There warn't a town fifty miles of
us in that direction, so if we hoped to
reach shelter, there war only one thing
for us ter do, an' that war, hoof it. We
tried to lead ther bronks, but they would-
n't face that storm an' we had ter let
them go. I shame some ter tell it, pard,
but 'fore long I slumped over in ther skur-
ryin' snow dead beat. An' I never knowed
any more till I woke up 'fore a roarin'
fire, an' I all wropped up in blankets.
Jake war layin' long side of me. but hadn't
cum to yit, an' ther folks war a pourin'
whisky down him ter git ther cirkelation
started.
"I larned that we war in Budgetown
an' ther folks a half hour ago had heard
a faint cry, an', goin' out, they had found
me all wropped up in Jake's coat an'
slicker, while the poor devil hisself lay
on ther groun' in his shirt sleeves, dead
beat, after havin' carried me all that way
through that blizzard. All I want ter say
pardner, ez, if that isn't ther kind of stuff
heroes are made of, you can shoot me for
a goldurned sneakin' coyote.
"Next day the weekly stage got in ter
Budgeville about twelve hours late, but
ther news in ther papers it brought set
us all afire. Bein' no less than that Uncle
Sam had declared war on ther Spanish an'
that Teddy Roosevelt, who every puncher
knew as ther bulliest dude that ever left
N. Y. to ride ther Western ranges, had
called for volunteers, for a rigiment of
rough riders.
"Enough is said, pard, when I tell you
that Jake's name an' mine war not ther
last on ther roll of enlistment. When ther
rigiment finally came tergather, we found
that they warn't all cowboys, but a purty
good sprinklin' of New York dudes. But
by ther time we got ter Cuba, we had
found them a larapin good set of fellers,
ever patient on guard or in ther trenches,
an' as brave as ther best of us under fire.
They took a special shine ter Jake, par-
ticularly one young sargent named Jim
Hamilton.
"We'd hardly made a landin', fore we
war ordered to ther front. You've read
of ther first fight of the rough riders,
pard, an' how we war ambushed by them
cussed Dagos, so there's no use of me
trailin' over that, only to say at ther first
fusillade several of our boys dropped fore
we thought we war in ten miles of ther
cut-throat Spanish. Cheerin' ther boys
on' young Hamilton war in the lead a bit,
out in a leetle clearin', open to ther rain
of Mauser bullets, when all ter once he
A ROUGH RIDER.
61
sunk ter ther groun' an' I heard some one
yell, 'Save him!' but not a man of us
dared to face that storm of shot, but
stuck to ther palm trunks, till just then
I seed Jake Hodge come tearin' through
ther palms an' mesquite brush an' dasb
out in the clearin' with his Krag-Jorgesen
on his left arm. He grabbed up young
Hamilton on his right as if he'd been a
baby, an' was turnin' to run back, when
it seemed as if ther whole dadburned
Spanish army war taken a shot at him.
He staggered, an' I saw young Hamilton
fall from his grasp. Then I closed my
eyes, an' my heart came up in my throat,
for I couldn't bear to see my old chum go
down. Then all ter once the wildest, sky-
splittin' cheerin'est cheer that mortal ears
ever heard rent ther air, an' I opened my
eyes to see Jake rushin' back with Hamil-
ton on his left arm. Jake's poor right,
when he'd dropped him, had been shat-
tered by a Mauser bullet, but ther brave
deed warn't no use, for young Hamilton
was dead.
"Then came ther final charge, an' we
druv ther Spaniards back upon their
works. That, pardner, war whar Jake
won his stripes ez first sargent.
*******
"Pardner, it war a real relief one morn,
when in those trenches filled with mud
an' slime, that we heard, after a scatterin'
fire, ther sharp, quick order to take ther
San Juan hill by storm. At it we went
with a yell. Half way up I saw a fiyin'
figure, with his arm in a sling, come tear-
in' arter us. 'Twar Jake, gaunt an' pale,
but bound ter have a hand in that ar
scrimmage, havin' escaped from ther hos-
pital for that purpose. The rush war fear-
ful, but the leaden hail storm that ther
Spaniards poured upon us made our part
of ther line waver an' I believe we would
have fallen back, but just then Jake tore
through from ther rear to ther front, an'
yelled out, 'Come on boys!' an' come they
did as they saw Jake leap up on ther
redoubt.
"Ez you know, pard, ther fort was taken
with a dash, but arter it war all over, pooi'
Jake war found outside ther redoubt,
bleedin' like a stuck yearlin' from ther
mouth, havin' been shot in ther right lung.
Ther company surgeon said he war ez
good ez dead, but we toted him with lovin*
care to ther field hospital.
*******
"How'd Gretchen git thar? Why, pard-
ner, she war already thar. You see even
if her dad war a Dutchman, he'd brought
her up to be a good American, an' you
can bet yer sweet life she war a true blue
leetle American, too, with a big A. For
as soon as ther war had broken out she
had jined ther Red Cross Society an' went
ter ther front to nuss ther wounded.
"Jake war a long time gittin' well, but
most of us thought he war playin' 'possum,
cause Gretchen war his nuss.
"When ther rigiment war mustered out,
I came back here to ther range country,
but Gretchen — who is now Mrs. Leftenant
Hodge — an' Jake, settled down back In
Missoury, where he's studyin' law, ther
meanest thing he ever done. Gretchen is
very proud of Jake's record as a rough
rider, an', now that he's proven hisself,
she often tells, with a quizz in her eye, of
ther wonderful fight he put up standin' off
road agents in her defense."
IN STARLIGHT.
Upon the river, where sometime the
showers
Of summer moonlight make a path
across,
A single star shines thro' the lonely hours.
And brings a subtle sense of pain and
loss;
As, while we tread the narrow path of
duty,
The memory of a joy that fled away
Comes back to us, and darkens with its
beauty
The dull, unchanging ways we walk to-
day, —Florence May Wright.
EDUCATION IN FRANCE.
<By SAMUEL JACQUES BRUN.
Second
SCATTERED all over France, located
mainly at the county-seats, are the
lycees, or government schools, which
include the primary and intermediate
grades as well as college courses. They
are public, though not free, institutions of
learning, collectively constituting the
French University, attended by the well-
to-do and by the few who can obtain gov-
ernment scholarships.
The name is an old one, dating from
the palmy days of Athens, when Aristotle
taught his philosophy to eager disciples
and followers in covered alleys to the
east of the town near tne river Ilissus,
and called the place the Lyceum. As this
was also a place for athletic culture, so it
was that Napoleon First, who organized
the French University on the lines since
followed with little deviation, created
these lycees, that they might give mental
and physical training to the children of
his marshals and generals, and those of
the middle classes. Napoleon gave to
these schools a strong military bent, and
aimed as much at keeping alive the mar-
tial spirit as imparting a liberal educa-
tion to the young scholars.
Victor Hugo expresses the original
spirit of the institutions in the following
noble lines:
"Vous etes les enfants des belliqueuux
lycees !
La vous applaudissez nos victolres pas-
sees."
The students to this day wear uniforms,
live in huge barrack-like buildings, an-
swer to a strict military discipline, and
from early morn until bed-time they must
come and go to the beating of a big drum.
A martial spirit still pervades the lycees,
and the ghost of monasticism, as well,
hovers over them; for the buildings them-
selves, once monasteries of the Church of
Rome, were a part of the vast holdings
confiscated in 1793 by the French govern-
ment, turned over to the French Univer-
sity and assigned to young collegians.
Paper.
Lately, money has been spent on new
buildings more in keeping with modern
ideas of college architecture, but fifteen
or twenty years ago the approach to these
colleges was forbidding, the halls were
anything but cheerful, the corridors long,
dark and dismal, the rooms cheerless,
cold and bare, the windows small and
iron-barred, and the yards, where all phys-
ical exercise took place and the recesses
were spent, were sunless and treeless
courts entombed by high walls. To escape
from these prisons to the street and min-
gle with the live, active world, a couple
of doors had to be unlocked and the gaunt-
let run past an ever-watchful doorkeeper,
whom the boys appropriately named
"Cerberus."
The Lycee Henri IV, for instance, is an
ancient abblaye of Genovefains, and the
main staircase, the cloister of the court,
named after Victor Duruy, the great min-
ister and historian, most of the dormito-
ries, some of the study-rooms, the very
college chapel, vividly recall former times
and scenes enacted in the old convent.
The administration proper of the lycee
is carried out by four men, all very dig-
nified and distant. The president, to
whom all respectfully bow, has a general
supervision over everything about the col-
lege premises, from the kitchen to the
drawing-room, and is the inspector of
classes. The censeur, or vice-president,
confines himself more to the discipline of
the school, and is aided by the head usher,
a man more feared than loved by the
boys, who goes by the title of "surveillant
general." That individual never sleeps
nor grows weary, is ubiquitous and always
at your heels. Avoid him as you will, he
runs across you; hide yourself as you will,
he ferrets you out; seclude yourself as
much as you please, he will scent you be-
fore your cigarette is half consumed.
The fourth figure in the administration
wears an official title that does not rec-
ommend him to the students, 1'econome,
EDUCATION IN FRANCE.
63
or treasurer — literally the one who saves
-and certainly that official has his art to
perfection. The students of the lycee are
kept on fixed rations— so many ounces of
meat, so many pieces of bread per capita,
a bottle of wine for six at dinner, etc.
They never eat all they want, and the
supposition is that "l'econome" is often
responsible for short allowances.
The boys call him "M. Riz-pain-sel," for
the cheap articles of diet everlastingly
served upon the college tables. Once in
a while the boys rebel against M. Riz-
pain-sel's fare, break the plates and hoot
his minions. The ringleaders are pun-
ished, but the fare improves for a few
days, until the episode is forgotten on
both sides. Next to the administration
stand the gown-professors, who reside out-
side, and the ushers, who are always with
the boys.
A witty Frenchman has said: "If life
is short, the days are long." The say-
ing proves true in a French lycee, with a
day beginning at 5:30 A. M. in fall and
spring, and at 6 o'clock in winter, there
is ample time to study one's lessons and
to get into mischief.
The untiring vigilance of the ushers
grows irksome, their eyes always on one
from rising till bedtime, never a moment
of relaxation. Distrust and dislike nat-
urally grow out of so much suppression,
and once in a while this bieaks out in
open rebellion, but oftener it is manifest
in small tricks which tease and worry the
life out of an unpopular usher.
The great novelist Alphonse Daudet,
who was in his youth usher in one of the
lycees, has described most pathetically
the agonies he underwent, in his book,
"Le Petit Chose."
French boys are not worse than Ameri-
can boys. Both are inclined to mischief
if too much restrained, and a life of re-
pression develops their ingenuity for
tricks and pranks, some of which are very
laughable, though reprehensible.
On one occasion, an usher who was
known to be very timid and easily scared,
but fond of exercising his petty authority,
was chosen by the boys of his room as
the victim of a practical joke.
It was a rainy day, and the boys were
kept in the study-room during play hours.
A boy had in his desk a large alarm clock
which was capable 01 waking a sleeping
regiment when wound up to its full capac-
ity. All the boys of the room were se-
cretly informed of the expected event, and
warned to keep as still as possible during
study hour that evening. Accordingly,
just before 7, the silence of thirty or forty
boys was as deep and solemn as a church
on week-days. Not a pin-fall nor a turn-
ing leaf could be heard, and yet nothing
on the boys' faces could warn the usher
of the storm to come. The silence
was, however, ominous, and the usher
stroked his beard, looked up from the
book he was reading and was wondering
what it all meant, when — B-r-r-r! b-r-r-r!
off went the alarm, with a clatter loud and
long. The usher bounded from his seat
as if impelled by a secret spring. The
students sprang from their desks uttering
exclamations of surprise. In the twink-
ling of an eye the scene changed from the
most orderly solemnity to the wildest con-
fusion. Usher and students were gestic-
ulating and speaking at the same time.
While the former, pale and frightened,
pounced upon a tall, long-haired lad of
eighteen and openly accused him of being
the prime mover in the mischief, the
boy protested his innocence and was sus-
tained by his comrades, while the con-
fusion continued.
"Silence!" roared the usher. "Silence!
You are the guilty party. I know it and
I will report you to the censeur."
"I guilty? I guilty, sir?" roared the
youth, shaking his wild mane. Then,
lowering his voice with mock solemnity,
his eyes fixed upon the ceiling, his hand
upon his heart: "I guilty, I guilty, sir?
The sky is no purer than the depth of my
heart!"
Applause and laughter greeted this tragic
utterance, but the noise had brought to
the doorsill both censeur and surveillant
general, and the poet was drawn from his
ecstacy, handed over to the drummer and
locked in the college prison.
There for two days on a bread-and-
water diet he copied hundreds of lines
from the Latin poets, and for the rest of
the semester he lost the privilege of the
monthly outing in town with parents or
friends. On the other hand, he became a
hero among his fellows, and, upon emerg-
ing from his third-story prison, was
64
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
treated to such ovations as might have
honored a victorious general.
It would be a mistake to suppose that
all ushers are liable to receive such treat-
ment, or to imagine that French boys
lack sentiments of courtesy and kindness.
The fault is with the system and not with
the boys, for often they delight to honor
a respected teacher. Costly presents in
the way of books are sometimes given to
a favorite instructor at Christmas or New
Year's, and presented with very pretty
ceremony, offered by a spokesman in the
presence of the roomful of students.
The professors are feared for the ex-
aminations which they give once a week,
the result of which is announced every
Monday morning in the presence of the
president and vice-president; they are also
respected for their great learning and for
their impartiality towards the students.
Most of the men who have taught in the
French lycees belong to the learned aris-
tocracy of the country, and some of them
have been leaders of French thought in
their day. The great Guizot, historian;
Taine, author of "The History of English
Literature;" Bdmond About, novelist;
Jules Simon, scholar and statesman; Gas-
ton Boissier, the Latinist; Victor Duruy,
historian; Lavisse, of the French Acad-
emy; Francisque Sarcey, great journalist
and critic, of Paris; M. Hanotaux, late
minister of foreign affairs — these have all
been lycee professors. Such eminent edu-
cators have turned out eminent pupils in
all the walks and avocations of life. Poets
such as Cassimir Delavinne and Alfred
de Musset; playwrights, such as Augier
and Sardou; great engineers, like Ferdi-
nand de Lesseps; academicians and jour-
nalists, physicists and scientists, and
scores of eminent men, in art, science and
literature.
French college boys lack neiihe pat.iot-
ism nor honor. They were as ready to
quit the halls of learning and fly to their
country's aid in 1870 as were the Ameri-
can college students in 1861 and 1898, and
those who were too young for the field
nobly did their duty in a way not less
acceptable. For, after the great and
bloody struggle with Prussia, France was
left in a dilemma — two provinces gone and
five billions of francs to be paid before
the German troops would withdraw from
her territory. At this juncture Thiers ap-
pealed to France for a loan, and Franc*
responded nobly. The youth were not
asked— they volunteered their aid.
We college boys refused to accept the
prizes which are annually distributed
before vacation-time, and begged that the
amount to be given be turned over to
the government. We did more; out of
our little monthly allowances we pledged
a certain amount until the war indem-
nity should be fully satisfied. About hall
the pocket-money we secured from home
for self-gratification we turned over
monthly to our appointed treasurer — we
pledged to him our honor to be prompt
in remitting; and I do not recall a single
instance where the pledge-money was not
promptly paid in. It was an impressive
sight when the treasurer went his monthly
round in the classroom, collecting the
dues of professors and students. The si-
lence was deep — all were intently think-
ing of our misfortunes and how we might
retrieve what was lost. Self-abnegation
rose to a high pitch. We were being
schooled in self-mastery. May I not say-
it has borne its fruits and that they are
visible to the eye of any student of con
temporary France? A joyous day it was
when we read in the papers that the last
penny had been paid and the last German
soldier had gone home. The share of the
debt that the college boys assumed was
voluntary — no forced collection of it could
have been made — it was a debt of honor.
French college boys have their failings,
but whatever their faults may be, they
are not lacking in sense of honor.
(To be continued.)
DEMOCRACY.
Come, I will make the continent indis-
soluble,
I will make the most splendid race thy sun
ever shone upon,
I will make divine magnetic lands,
With the love of comrades,
With the life-long love of comrades.
—Walt Whitman.
AUGUSTUS DANA'S WIFE.
By LISCHEN M. MILLER.
IT WAS a surprise and something of a
shock to us all when it was made
known that the beautiful and brilliant
Miss Sargent was going to be married to
Augustus Dana.
Miss Sargent was far and away the
brightest girl in our set. She came of an
old Southern family whose blood was of
the bluest, and had a modest fortune in
her own right. She danced and sang and
dressed to perfection, and rode as only a
Southern woman can.
We were all in love with her, from big
McArthurs, who was worth a million or
so, and who owned a cattle ranch out in
the Yellowstone country and a gold mine
in Alaska, to little Tom Tresset, who did
not have a cent to his name — but who,
nevertheless, commanded respect on ac-
count of the marvelous things he could
do with his brush. He was regarded as
a coming man, a rising genius.
She might have had her choice of half
a score of men with money or brains, or
both, and she took — Augustus Dana.
She loved him. None of us doubted
that. She was not the sort of a girl to
marry without love — but the mystery of it
was: Why? Why, or how, any woman
with an ounce of gray matter could tol-
erate much less love such a blank idiot
as Augustus Dana was something wholly
beyond our comprehension. Of all the
dumb fools that ever cumbered the earth
he was the worst. True, he had a hand-
some enough face, barring its lack of ex-
pression, and a fairly good figure, and he
managed to dress decently, thanks to a
generous income and a treasure of a valet,
but if he had a grain of sense or an atom
of intellect not one of his friends or ac-
quaintances ever found It out. "As dull
as Dana," was a stock phrase among us.
How he got through college nobody
knew, but get through he did, and drifted
into society, where he became a fixture of
just about as much force and influence as
the brass knobs on a chandelier. One
thing, however, he could do, and only one.
He could draw with all the skill and cor-
rectness of an Andrea Delsarto, and he
had a sort of gift for mixing colors. But
he had no originality, and was absolutely
ignorant of the first principles of art.
His work was utterly lifeless and as cor-
rectly dull as himself. His studio — heaven
save the mark — was crammed with fault-
less copies. But Miss Sargent believed in
him. She said he had genius — that the
world would awaken to a knowledge of
this fact some day.
She was devoted to art. Not that she
ever did anything in that line herself, you
understand. She couldn't draw a cat so
you could tell it from a cow, but she had
the artistic temperament, and a finely edu-
cated taste. She knew a good thing when
she saw it. That was why everybody was
stricken breathless with amazement when
she fell in love with Augustus Dana.
"She must be very far gone, indeed,"
Fisk remarked, when the news was talked
over in the club, "if she can discover the
earmarks of genius in those dead things
Augustus Dana calls his pictures."
"If she wanted to marry an artist,"
gloomily meditated Tresset, "why didn't
she take — "
"Tommy Tresset," Colton interrupted.
"My dear boy, it's Dana himself she is in
love with. She looks at his painting
through love's magic glasses. Art doesn't
stand the ghost of a chance when Cupid's
in the field."
The engagement was brief. They were
married quietly and went abroad for a
year. "She'll be sick enough of his 'gen-
ius' by the time they get home," Fisk pre-
dicted. But presently rumors began to
reach us concerning the remarkable suc-
cess of an American artist in Rome. Then
it was Paris, and the rumor took a more
definite form, and came to read, "Dana,
the American," who was agitating art cir-
cles in the Old World by reason of his
wonderful paintings, which were said to
rival in power and originality of concep-
tion the best works of the old masters.
66
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
"Dana — A. Dana," mused Pisk. "Can't
be Augustus."
"Do you know," put in little Tresset,
"I fancy it is."
"Yes," added Colton, disgustedly. "The
foreigners are doubtless fascinated by his
unique and monumental stupidity. They
probably regard him as an art-freak and
pay tribute to his dullness."
"They're a lot of blank fools over there,
anyway," Fisk rejoined.
But when toward the end of the twelve-
month McArthurs, who had been over, re-
turned from Paris, he struck us all dumb
by announcing that A. Dana was not only
our Augustus but that he justly deserved
his rapidly growing fame.
"You know," said Tresset, who was the
first to find his tongue after this amazing
piece of information had been imparted
to us, "he always could draw, and his
handling of color was not bad."
"Well," resumed McArthurs, "he has
somehow caught the soul of the thing, as
they say over there, and the results are
simply marvelous. I'm not given to rhap-
sodizing, as you perhaps know, and I
don't go in for art as a rule, but his picture
of the young mother dreaming of her
child's future while she rocks the cradle
is a thing I cannot get out of my mind."
Fisk regarded him meditatively. "Who
sat for the mother in that picture?" he
asked, and everybody save McArtnurs
smiled. McArthurs pretended not to hear.
Fisk went on.
"His wife was right after all. Love is
not always blind, it seems. Eh, Colton?
Discerning the latent spark with the eye
of true affection, she has fanned it to a
flame."
In the course of time the young couple
returned to us, and Augustus set up a
studio in the elegant little place they took
possession of on B— street.
If Mrs. Dana had been charming as
Miss Sargent, she was irresistible now.
It was perfectly plain to everybody that
she adored her handsome, stupid husband.
There was something absurdly touching
in her devotion and in her silent insist-
ence upon his being recognized as a genius.
Fisk declared that she would breathe for
him if it were possible. As for Gus, he
appeared to take her tender worship as a
matter of course. He was no doubt fond
of her in his dull fashion. He had not im-
proved, so far as any of us were able to
discern. His success in art had not bright-
ened his mental faculties to any noticeable
extent. He was the same well-dressed
blockhead that we had known and ridi-
culed in his bachelor days, before he had
acquired greatness.
"Do you know," said Tom Tresset, 'if
it wasn't quite out of the question, I'd
be inclined to suspect his wife of painting
his pictures herself."
"It is quite out of the question," growled
McArthurs, glaring savagely. "It's well
you put in that saving clause."
"Certainly, certainly," said Fisk, hasten-
ing to pour oil on the troubled waters.
"Mrs. Dana is beyond suspicion. But he
draws his inspiration from her. Nobody
who knows them doubts that."
"Nobody wants to," grumbled McAr-
thurs, and departed gloomily. Mac was
daily growing less companionable. He
had almost entirely dropped out of our
little circle. He said "gossip" bored him.
As if we gossiped! It was our custom to
meet in a retired corner and discuss mat-
ters in general — but gossip? never!
The truth is, McArthurs had been hard
hit, and he did not get over it. He al-
lowed his disappointment to sour him.
However, we all understood the situa-
tion and sympathized in a way. But we
agreed tacitly that Mrs. Dana was not the
woman to heal the wounds which she had
unconsciously inflicted as Miss Sargent.
And we did homage to the colossal pow-
ers of inspiration that could put life into
the work of that inanimate clod, Augustus
Dana. We were dumb with admiration
before his beautiful canvases, where the
figures seemed to live and breath, and
the color was a dream.
It was apparent to every one that Mrs.
Dana had lost much of the splendid phys-
ical vitality that had been one of the
charms of her girlhood, but she had gained
in spirituality and in that subtle some-
thing about which the poets rave. She
was almost frail in figure, but full of an
intense fire that seemed to burn more
clearly day by day.
They had been married about three
years, maybe longer, when Dana began
work upon what, it speedily became noised
about, was to be his masterpiece. Nobody
AUGUSTUS DANA'S WIFE.
67
knew just what the subject was, but it
was pretty generally conceded to be some-
thing quite out of tbe common. His wife
was brimming with enthusiasm about the
new picture. It obtruded itself in her
conversation at every tarn. She seemed
unable to talk of anything else. If she
had been a less beautiful and attractive
woman, this weakness would have been
a bore. As it was, we all caught the in-
fection, and Dana's new picture was the
theme for general discussion everywhere
and at all seasons. It came up at teas,
dinners, receptions, in the clubroom and
on the street. Whenever you saw two or
more people earnestly engaged in con-
versation, you might be sure they were
talking about the picture.
As it neared completion the interest in-
tensified. Along about this time Mrs.
Dana's health began to fail. Colton was
called in. His father has been the Dana's
family physician before either he or Gus
came into the world, and he naturally
took the place left vacant by the old doc-
tor's death.
Now Colton was always something of a
mystic, had all sorts of notions about oc-
cult influences, etc. Perhaps this had
something to do with his diagnosis of
Mrs. Dana's case. She had been gradually
losing ground for several months. It was
early in May when she took to her bed.
Colton was deeply interested. He spent
as much time at the house as he could
possibly spare, but, in spite of all his ef-
forts, she made no progress toward recov-
ery.
She did not suffer, at least she never
complained of either pain or discomfort,
but it was evident to all that she grew
daily weaker. She would lie for hours in
her darkened room without speaking or
moving, but with an intent, eager look
upon her face.
The great picture was nearly finished
now. Dana spent most of his time in the
studio. He came in to see his wife every
evening. She would put her arms, grown
pitifully thin, up around his neck, and
hold his face close against her own as if
she could never let him go. But she al-
ways sent him away early. He must have
rest after his hard day's work, and noth-
ing must be suffered to interfere with
progress of the picture.
The atmosphere of the sickroom was
apt to prove depressing,, she said, and re-
fused to allow him to sit with her more
than a brief half hour.
Love! I tell you there's nothing in all
this world as tender and strong and true
as the love of woman. It reaches as high
as heaven and down to the depths of hell.
It is the miracle-maker of the universe.
One evening toward the last of the
month Fisk and I were strolling down
the street on which the Danas lived, when
we saw Colton's brougham dash up to
their door and stop. Colton himself
sprang out and ran up the steps. He had
evidently been sent for in haste, for the
door was opened before he had time to
ring.
"She must be worse," remarked Fisk.
Yet none of us at that time dreamed that
she was in any immediate danger.
We went on to the club, where we were
to dine together. Tom Tresset was stand-
ing on the clubhouse steps.
"Hello! heard the news?" he cried. We
had not heard any news and said so.
"The picture is finished."
"At last?"
"At last! Saw Dana this afternoon.
He was just putting in the final touches."
"Did you see it?"
"No, but he's asked the lot of us for
tomorrow. Said it was his wife's idea —
keeping it dark this way. She hasn't seen
it herself — hasn't been inside his studio
since he began work on it. Funny, isn't
it, when she's so wrapped up in him and
his pictures?"
"She is sick, you know."
"Yes, that's true. Well, Gus wants us
to come up tomorrow morning and look at
the thing — says his wife wants us to
come."
"By the way," said Fisk, "I'm afraid
Mrs. Dana's not so well today. We saw
Colton rushingin there as we came along."
"That so? Wonder why Colton don't
brace her up with his tonics and stuff,
and get her out again. It's deucedly dull
without her."
The hour had grown late. None of us
realized that it was after midnight till
McArthurs came in. He looked pale and
disturbed.
"What's up, Mac? You look as if you
had just come from an interview with a
ghost?" cried Fisk.
68
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
"I met Colton outside. He was on his
way home from Dana's house. Mrs. Dana
died this evening," and McArthurs turned
and left us before we had recovered from
the shock of this sad news sufficiently to
put a single question.
But we got the particulars later from
Colton. They had sent for him at the
first apprehension of danger. Mrs. Dana,
the nurse said, had rested well all day.
Somewhere near 5 o'clock in the afternoon
she turned upon her pillow, clasped her
hands under her pale cheek and sighed
softly. The nurse leaned over and spoke
to her, but she only smiled contentedly
and did not answer.
Shortly after this, Dana entered the
room. She had made him promise to
come to her the moment the picture was
finished. He went close to the low couch
upon which she was lying. "Is she
asleep?" he asked the nurse. "No, I think
not," was the reply, and he called her
gently two or three times by name. She
did not make any response; did not even
seem to hear, only lay there with half-
shut eyes, smiling sweetly. They tried
in vain to rouse her, and, at length, be-
coming alarmed, sent hurriedly for Colton,
who could do nothing when he arrived.
The end came with the twilight. Ex-
hausted vitality, Colton said it was, but
he had a theory as to the cause which he
did not announce to the public, the truth
of which, strange and incredible as it
seemed to us then — he told McArthurs and
me only, I believe — was seemingly proven
by subsequent events.
Dana never painted another picture.
That one whose completion was marked
by the close of a noble life, was his last.
I don't mean by this that he shut up shop.
It would have been better for his repu-
tation as a genius if he had. On the con-
trary, he continued to paint as industri-
ously as ever, but his work was dead and
dull as ditchwater.
He had lost his inspiration, but he never
seemed to realize it. 1 think he missed
his wife and mourned for her as deeply
as a man of his sort could, but he married
again in the course of a couple of years,
and was quite as content with the frivol-
ous fashion-plate who became the second
Mrs. Dana as he had been with the rare
creature whose love had inspired him to
the point of greatness.
That was Colton's theory — that inspira-
tion business. He held that through her
abiding faith and affection she had uncon-
sciously influenced him to paint the beau-
tiful conceptions of her own artistic soul.
That all the living loveliness his skilled
brush transferred to canvas had birth and
being in her fertile brain and fervid heart.
"Love's unconscious telepathy," he called
it. He claimed that Dana, being a mere
negative, without force or originality, had
readily acted as a medium through which
her wonderful visions found form and ex-
pression. Her love was of a nature so
deep and tender and unselfish — so full of
faith in him — as to impel, to irresistibly
impel, him to become for the time the
artist she believed him to be.
But the delicate cords of life had snapped
under the strain of such exalted spiritual
pressure. She died and never knew that
she had sacrificed herself for — Augustus
Dana.
LOVE'S REMEMBRANCE.
I.
Sometimes across the written page,
Whereon the ink is wet,
A message flashes, and I know
That love cannot forget.
II.
III.
Sometimes in silence of the night
Dear eyes respond to mine,
And all the darkness slips away,
And — I am only thine.
Nor time nor space nor circumstance
Can faithful hearts divide —
Though half the world should lie between
"Love's ever at love's side."
— Lischen M. Miller.
" WAS HE JUSTIFIED?"
CHAPTER III.
HARRIET, returned to the bosom of
her family after two years of
Europe, was no* so very different
from the Harriet who went away.
At first sight of the stylish figure of
the young traveler Billy Spencer had been
overwhelmed and awed, but by the time
the twelve miles between the village and
the homestead were covered his awe was
swallowed up in admiration. Harriet had
always been a handsome girl, and her ex-
perience abroad had added a certain charm
to her hitherto somewhat brusque manner.
They were gathered about the fire that
evening in the big, low-ceiled room that
served as dining-room, parlor and work-
room— and which was capable, on occa-
sion, of being transformed into a very
presentable hall. It was, by reason of its
capacious hearthstone, the favorite ren-
dezvous of the family.
"It is good to be at home again," said
Harriet, leaning back in the big leather-
covered chair that had cradled in turn
every one of the Dalgren babies from
Virginia down— and was by long associa-
tion always the coveted seat in the family
circle. "Yes, it is good to be at home.
And what a beauty Kitty is growing to
be. If you do not get me off your hands,
mother dear, before she dawns upon the
masculine world, your chances for hav-
ing one old maid in the family will be
pretty fair. It's a shame that Virginia
should be twice married before I've had a
single offer."
"What! Not one?" cried Kitty, in
shocked amazement. She had pictured
Harriet as literally walking upon the
hearts of willing suitors.
"Well, no," returned Harriet, "not one
that would do to count."
"And the ducal coronet?" queried her
brother.
"Failed to materialize."
"There was an alternative, was there
not?" mused Bob. "Seems to me if I
were you I'd take the alternative."
"You advice is excellent, Bob, my boy,
but I think I'll wait till I'm asked."
"Billy Spencer is worth the whole Brit-
ish peerage, with a dozen French counts
and Italian princes thrown in," com-
mented Bob; "I'm glad you came home—"
"Fiee, single and disengaged? So am
I, when it comes to that. I think I'll leave
it to you to select the brother-in-law I
am expected to provide you with." Har-
riet rose and stood leaning upon the back
of her brother's chair, her strong young
figure, in all its grace and suppleness, sil-
houetted against the dancing firelight
Through the open doorway the solitary
lounger upon the veranda looked in from
the outer darkness. It may have been
the power of his silent wish that drew
her to the door, or it may have been her
own happy restlessness. But whatever ii
was, Harriet drifted away from the group
at the hearthstone, and, after wandering
aimlessly about the wide, shadowy room,
paused on the outer threshold.
"Harriet!" came a well-known voice
from the darkness.
"Oh!" she exclaimed, half under her
breath; "are you out here alone? Come
in, won't you?"
"Won't you come out, Harriet? I — I —
want to tell you something."
The girl stepped out into the warm,
sweet, autumn night.
"What is it?" she said, softly.
She felt a strong hand clasp her own.
"Only this, dear; I love you, Harriet.
Harriet, will you accept the alternative?"
"Oh!" cried Harriet. "You've been
eavesdropping."
"And, contrary to the old saying, have
heard nothing I did not wish to hear.
But you haven't answered my question
yet — Is it yes or no?"
"Well," replied Harriet, thoughtfully, "I
suppose it must be yes. The family seem
to expect it, and — and, to tell you the
truth, I've always half-way expected it
myself."
"I know that I have always meant to
marry you. But Bob's confidences con-
cerning your designs upon the helpless
British peerage have made life a torment
since you went away."
7o
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
"Harriet," called her mother from the
doorway. "You will take cold out there
without anything around you. Come in."
Harriet obeyed, and when she emerged
from the outer darkness into the dim
light of the dining-room they could all see
that her mother's fears for her health
were unnecessary and unfounded. She
did have something around her. It was
Billy Spencer's coat-sleeve, and it was
ample protection under the circumstances
against any amount of night air.
"Mrs. Dalgren," said Billy, "I have just
asked Harriet to be my wife, and I now
ask you to give her to me."
And Mrs. Dalgren gladly, albeit some-
what tearfully, consented, whereat there
was great rejoicing among the younger
members of the family, for Billy Spencer
was a hero in their eyes, and much be-
loved.
Later that night, in the seclusion of her
own room, where she was joined by her
mother and Kitty, Harriet related so far
as she knew it, the history of Virginia's
sudden marriage.
"It was an attack of 'love at first sight'
if ever there was one," she said. "When
we went aboard the steamer at Liverpool
this man was the first person we met.
And it was a clear case of 'spoons' from
that moment. Father Roquet happened to
know him and introduced him on the
spot. By the time we reached New York
the whole thing was settled. He had to
go South, on important business, but when
we reached San Francisco he was there
before us, and insisted upon the marriage
taking place then and there. Of course,
I felt it my duty to interpose objections.
We were so near home, why not come on
and be married here? But I might as
well have talked to the wind. Virginia
had no ears for any one but her fiance,
and so Father Roquet, who was, as usual,
conveniently at hand, tied the knot, and
I came home alone."
"And do you think, Harriet, that she
will be happy?" sighed the mother, half-
regretfully.
"No doubt of it," replied Harriet. "WHy
shouldn't they be? He's as handsome as
heart could desire, dark and reserved, and
all that, you know — and as rich as Croesus.
He's some sort of a relative of Father
Roquet, I fancy — that is, if priests have
relations. Anyway, they're married and
coming to Oregon to live, Virginia says.
And, mother dear, it strikes me you're a
rather lucky woman to get your two oldest
daughters off your hands with so little
worry."
Harriet's version of the affair was the
true one as far as it went, but Harriet
little dreamed how much she left untold.
When Virginia, slightly in advance of
her party, stepped upon the deck of the
homeward-bound Atlantic liner, the man
in the case was leaning against the rail.
Their eyes met, and in that glance Vir-
ginia recognized her fate. But it was not
till long afterward that she learned the
full significance of that meeting, and heard
the story of a love transcendent in self-
sacrifice and in patience. At that moment
she was ignorant of the seven long years
of waiting, during which she had been the
day-star of this man's existence, ignorant
of the fact that day in her early girlhood
when he first beheld her under the apple-
tree in the old orchard, he had thought of
her, toiled for her, planned for happiness
and guarded her life from even the shad-
ow of care. And now, at last, he had his
reward, for Virginia gave her whole heart
and was happy in the giving.
After a few months among the orange
groves of Santa Barbara, they came to
Oregon, and in Oregon they are living to
this day. Very few people remember Vir-
ginia as the stolen bride, whose sudden
disappearance caused a nine days' sensa-
tion. And, though maybe now and then
in talking of the past some one will men-
tion the almost forgotten hero of the turf,
Jeff Le Febre, no one associates the dark
and handsome man who is regarded as
a potent factor of the commonwealth with
that one-time dreaded character. It is not
often the lot of man and woman to possess
a happiness so complete as theirs. And in
their beautiful home on the "Heavenly
Heights" of Portland, with their children
growing up about them, we will leave
them, and leave it to the reader to decide
whether or not he was justified in the
theft of another's bride.
(The End.)
OUR POINT OF VIEW.
After a year's planning and striving, in
sunshine and gloom, amid discourage-
ments and cheer, our magazine has at last
been launched, and has received its bap-
tism of criticism. The kindness with
which it has been received has surpassed
our expectations. We feel greatly en-
couraged over the fact that the public has
stood in line, as it were, to welcome the
advent of such an enterprise. This atti-
tude inspires us to further effort to bring
the public to a more thorough realization
of its needs along this line, to show the
vast resources of this wonderful region,
and to bring out the fact that here is a
land full of poetry, romance and the
majesty of Nature — things that appeal not
merely to the material side of life, but
which uplift and ennoble men and make
life brighter and more endurable. We
did not expect half the encouragement
that we have received. We had rather
expected, and do yet expect, to fight our
way up the hill to success and into the
confidence and good will of our public. It
is our desire to interest our readers in a
vital way in the prosperity of The Pacific
Monthly. For, as we conceive it, the pub-
lication of a magazine or a newspaper
is not a private enterprise. It goes be-
yond that and becomes the people's own.
The magazine especially is a representa-
tive of the literary life and activity of the
section from which it comes, and is, of
necessity, the expression of the best
thought and sentiment of the community
that gives it birth. The people, therefore,
should be, and are, more vitally interested
than individuals in an enterprise of this
nature. The publishers are merely the
instruments necessary to carry out the
will of the people, to give them what
they want, to be, in short, their repre-
sentatives. This being true, it is not so
much from commendation of the maga-
zine as from criticism of its faults, and
suggestions as to its improvement, that
we will be enabled to attain our object.
We have welcomed the suggestions that
have come to us and have gratefully re-
ceived any criticisms. We hope that in
the future our readers will not hesitate
to enlighten us as to any plans they may
have in mind for the improvement of the
magazine. The Pacific Monthly is in an
embryonic state. It will be molded by its
readers, and inasmuch as many have felt
the need of a magazine here, each must
also have had in mind some idea of what
the character of such a publication should
be. Perhaps it is well to remind our read-
ers, what others have so often pointed
out, that it is impossible to please every-
body. We shall come much nearer reach-
ing this goal, however, if the public will
enter into the spirit of the occasion with
us, and bear and forbear these first few
months.
Arrangements have been perfected for
handling The Pacific Monthly in the East
by the American News Company, of New
York. The San Francisco News Com-
pany will take charge of this coast. These
two concerns, with their numerous
branches, will insure a careful and sys-
tematic distribution of the magazine
throughout the country, and this will ef-
fectually bring our region to the notice
of the most desirable classes. The maga-
zine will, thereioi e, be unquestionably the
best advertisement that our part of the
country has ever received. This will be-
come more and more true as time goes on,
since the demand for the magazine is on
the increase, owing to the desire in the
East for accurate information concerning
this coast. Our edition last month was
not sufficient to supply the demand, and
this month it promises to be larger still,
so that we are forced to materially in-
crease the number of copies printed. "A
word to the wise is sufficient."
Professor Norton, of Harvard, in his
recent address on "The New American,"
takes a gloomy view of the situation not
warranted by the facts. His attitude is
rather that of an alarmist than that of a
calm, judicial mind, carefully weighing
both sides of the question. It is true that
we must face new conditions, but it does
not necessarily follow that in so doing we
must become a "military nation." This
is but a repetition of the old cry that was
raised at the close of the civil war, when
it was held by many that a large stand-
ing army would be required to control
4,000,000 freed slaves and to keep down
rebellion. And even before this date, and
with less apparent cause, the alarmists
declared against our extension of terri-
tory on similar grounds, when it was a
question of whether or not Oregon and all
it represented should be held by the
United States. Neither does it follow that
"all brutal tendencies will be encouraged
by the recognition of force as a last ap-
72
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
peal by the central government." Eng-
land and English institutions are living
and sufficient refutations of this state-
ment. And brutality is not engendered
by such campaigns as the one just closed.
On the other hand, the recent war has
done more to awaken and stimulate the
best and noblest instincts of the people
than a century of peace. It has produced
a generation of heroes. It has given our
young men an opportunity to prove to
the world that the fire of patriotism burns
as brightly now as it did in those far
days when its fierce glow warmed the
snows of Valley Forge beneath the bare
feet of the soldier of- a new-born nation.
"No leaders," is the protest of a child
afraid of the dark, and is as without ex-
cuse or reason, since in every age, in
every land, whenever and wherever the
need has arisen, has also arisen the man
to meet it. Unquestionably, there are
many tendencies in American politics that
point to a gloomy future, if we continue
along the lines they indicate, but there
are many brighter and more promising
tendencies that predict for us a splendid
consummation of the dreams of our coun-
try's founders.
knowledge, however reluctantly, an ad-
miration of our splendid victories by land
and sea, and to admit that humanitarian-
ism may to some extent have actuated us
in the recent war. But humanitarianism,
they cry, is a new development in Ameri-
can character, a result of the war, not
the cause of it, when, in fact, the reverse
is true. For it was a war of the people
for the relief of a sister country, for the
amelioration of conditions that could no
longer be suffered to exist on this hemi-
sphere, where the rights of man are re
spected and upheld from purely human-
itarian motives. From the beginning, all
through our colonial history, in every act.
and in every event in our national life,
this great principle can be clearly traced.
Indeed, the one thing more than any
other that has attracted the attention of
the masses of Europe and has made our
land a refuge for the oppressed, has been
a feeling among them that America is a
humanitarian nation, whose very name :s.
and has always been, a synonym for re-
lief from oppression. In view of this
fact, it seems inconceivable that our mo-
tives in the late war should have been
so misinterpreted.
Except among the highest and best-
educated classes in England, Germany
and France, and indeed to some extent
among even these, there exists a popular
misconception of America and American
ideals. This was exemplified to a start-
ling degree shortly before the outbreak of
hostilities between the United States and
Spain. Editors of magazines and news-
papers who were supposed to know better
made the most inexcusable blunders con-
cerning the geography of this country, and
displayed the greatest ignorance of Amer-
ican institutions and of the motives
which were likely to move the masses
here. The reception which President Mc-
Kinley's war message met with in France
and Germany opened the eyes of the
American public to the attitude of Con-
tinental Europe, revealing as it did the
light in which these nations viewed our
country and our actions. The humanita-
rian principle which, in its inner con-
sciousness, the whole nation recognized as
the leading one — a settled conviction in
the hearts and minds of the people that
the time had come foi- armed interven-
tion in behalf of oppressed and suffering
Cuba — was ridiculed by nearly every jour-
nal on the Continent. The few that gave
us credit for acting from some other mo-
tive than selfishness were so weak in
their defense, if defense it might be called,
that the effect of what they said was lost
in the almost unanimous condemnation of
the United States. The war has, in some
degree, modified this expression of un-
friendly feeling, and forced Europe to ac-
Of the many lines of progress that have
characterized this century, probably none
have been more important in contributing
to the comfort and convenience of man-
kind than the advances that have been
made in the production of light, and yet
none has received so little attention from
the press. As a consequence, the people
have considered each advance as a matter
of course. They have taken up each new
device and passed on to the next with
little or no thought. If by some sudden
calamity we were to be deprived of the
brilliant lights that make our crowded
thoroughfares almost day, if the soft glow
of the modern globed electric light could
be taken from our reading tables and
desks and we were brought back to fifty
years ago, something of the advantages
of our day in the way of light could be
fully realized. For, strange as it may
seem, all of the advances that have been
made in the production of light have taken
place in the last fifty years, and, if we
leave out of consideration kerosene, we
may even limit the time to the last twen-
ty-five years. So that we ourselves have
seen the remarkable changes that have
taken place, and our fathers can recall
the time when night meant a flickering
candle that sputtered its unsteady light
over the pages and ruined eyes, or else it
meant the dangerous explosive camphine
or "burning fluid," that gave as sickly and
unsatisfactory a light. Kerosene came
like a God-send, and with it commenced
two remarkable evolutions along dis-
tinct lines. First, an evolution along
OUR POINT OF VIEW.
73
light itself— a steady and marvelous im-
provement in the means of production;
and, second, through this, a deep change
took place in the habits and customs of
the people — an evolution that has been
more far-reaching in its effects than we
may at present realize. Society and busi-
ness of many and varied lines have been
almost totally changed by the advances
that have been made in the production of
light, so that at the present time "night"
in our large cities means a very different
thing from what it did twenty years ago.
Today we have five distinct means for
the production of light — kerosene, coal
gas, gasolene, acetylene gas, and elec-
tricity. Of these, the most advanced are
acetylene gas and the florescent electric
globe. While there mast always be a
place for kerosene, coal gas is rapidly
being relegated to a thing of the past,
and it is a relief to know that the day
of the obnoxious smell of gas from leak-
ing pipes, jumping metres and consequent
excessive cost, danger of death from
"blowing out the gas" and the day of
countless other evils that coal gas has
made us heir to, is rapidly passing away.
If there ever was any poetry in the flick-
ering, unsteady light, we wish it gone —
and in its stead we look forward to the
many wonderful productions of our day
that mark the nineteenth century as one
of unparalleled progress. The twentieth
century will soon be here, and it will wit-
ness many improvements for man's com-
fort and convenience, but on the question
of light, when we keep in mind the recent
innovations, it is difficult to see that there
is "more beyond."
The world is overrun with beautiful
theories as a meadow in latter May is
overrun with flowers. You look at the
blossoming field, where the color riots in
the yellow sunshine, under the bending
blue, and you wonder if there will be
aught for the scythe at mowing time. Bui
all the while, down beneath the glory ot
purple and scarlet and gold, the young,
strong grass is growing. When the May-
time passes, the flowers pass, too, and the
grass, grown suddenly tall, remains, an
emerald field over which the wind sweeps
in soft, undulating ripples. And the
world is richer for the beauty that has
been — for the blossoms that have blown,
just as it is a pleasanter abiding-place
because of the dreams men dream and
the visions they behold when they turn
from the things that are to the things
that might be. For theories are the silver
threads that a man's soul spins out of the
inner, the artistic cravings of his own
spiritual, or intellectual, nature — moon
beams that gild the commonplace and
make the real seem ideal. But when the
spinner calls his beautiful theory a relig-
ion, a thing to live by, to die for, why, h«
deludes himself and countless others. For
he has mistaken the moonlight for the
warm, strong light of day.
*
One of the strongest indications that
prosperity is not coming, but has already
arrived, is to be found in the heavy in-
crease of travel which all the railroad
companies report. The business far ex-
ceeds that of any past year, and one com-
pany has, owing to the pressure of rapidly
growing traffic, been compelled to borrow
five hundred cars from the East. Even
with this addition to its rolling stock it
has been unable to handle all its business.
The experience of one transcontinental
line is the experience of all, and the tide
of travel sets steadily and strongly West-
ward. The North Pacific coast is begin-
ning to be known and recognized as one
of the richest sections of the Union. Its
natural resources, as yet almost un-
touched, are beyond question unequalled
on this or any other continent.
PRYTHEE, POET, SWEETLY SING.
Prythee, Poet, sweetly sing,
Budding beauties of the spring,
Summer's wealth of golden grain,
Orchards dotting hill and plain,
Autumn's vintage, winter's cheer,
With the yule-log blazing clear.
Be a seer to the blind;
Be a prophet to thy kind;
Sing of golden hours today;
Sing of well-springs by the way.
Brimming o'er with love and truth,
Fond desire and gentle ruth;
Sing of noble deeds again;
Sing a noble race of men,
Such as God would have us be,
Children of Eternity!
Prythee, Poet, sing, oh sing,
Beauty, joy in everything,
Till the sun shall shine amain
Through grief's bitter, blinding rain.
— C.
THE MAGAZINES.
Frederic Remington is always an enter-
taining writer, and he keeps up his repu-
tation in the November number of Har-
per's in his delightful and quaintly-told
dialect story, "Sun-Down's Higher Self."
The illustrations that accompany it are
excellent, and add much to the charm of
an already charming sketch. "Old Ches-
ter Tales," by Margaret Deland, continue
to hold the interest of the reader. "Sally"
is, perhaps, the most admirable character,
with the exception of Dr. Lavender, that
has yet appeared upon the scene of life
in this quiet New England village. And
even Sally owed the happy ending of her
long-drawn-out love story to the decisive
interference of Dr. Lavender. The
"Angel in a Web" at last has been
extricated by means of spiritual inter-
vention, and the timely appearance of the
hero, kept altogether in the background
until the last moment. The villain, as all
villains should, truly repents and is for-
given— by the "angel" — and the reader
is left to suppose that everybody loves
and lives happily to the end of the chap-
ter.
The Century's "Short Essays on Social
Subjects" bid fair to be one of that ex-
cellent magazine's most popular and at-
tractive features. Margaret Sutton Bris-
coe has something to say about "Club
Women" that should be read by every
member of her sex, whether in touch with
club life or not. Marion Crawford's new
story, "Via Crusis," begins in this number
of the Century, and, though the opening
chapters promise well, yet it remains to be
seen what this very clever novelist will
do with an English subject after having
so long and so successfully dealt with
Roman types and characters. Paul Lau-
rence Dunbar pays a high tribute to Har-
riet Beecher Stowe, in the following lines:
"She told the story and the whole world
wept
At wrongs and cruelties it had not known
But for this fearless woman's voice alone.
She spoke to consciences that long had
slept:
Her message, Freedom's clear reveille,
swept
From heedless hovel to complacent throne.
Command and prophecy were in the tone,
And from its sheath the sword of justice
leapt.
Around two peoples swelled a fiery wave,
But both came forth transfigured from the
flame.
Blest be the hand that dared be strong
to save;
And blest be she who in our weakness
came —
Prophet and priestess! At one stroke she
gave
A race to freedom, and herself to fame."
It is fitting that this should come from
one of the race whose freedom her elo-
quent pen helped to win. Dr. S. Weir
Mitchell's poem, "Guidarello," takes one
back to those old, sweet days when knights
were brave and maids were true and love
meant all that courage left unsaid. "Mark
Twain in California" is the subject of an
interesting sketch by Noah Brooks, and
there is also a story by the great Amer-
ican, who is a humorist and something
more.
McClure's for November contains some
statistics concerning the "World's Bill of
Fare." The result of a comparison of the
amounts of food consumed by the different
nations is rather surprising and alto
gether interesting. For instance, who
would have suspected Great Britain of
taking the lion's share of the sweets, or
the United States of being the great car-
nivore among nations? It must be some-
what disappointing to the vegetarians to
be compelled to regard Uncle Sam as the
world's butcher, but if Mr. George B.
Waldron is correct in his estimates such
is the case. France leads the world in the
consumption of wheat, but the reader is
left in the dark as to whether her bread
is buttered accordingly. The United King-
dom drinks more beer than Germany, and
the inhabitants of America are compara-
tively temperate in their indulgence in
liquids stronger than tea and coffee. The
"turbaned Turk" — who would have
dreamed it? — is smothered in smoke from
the ever-present pipe of the Belgian. The
best thing between the covers of McClure's
this month, however, is the character
sketch of the "hero of Santiago." Theo-
dore Roosevelt is, to my mind, the typical
American, the true representative of that
democracy which Walt Whitman so fond-
ly chanted in his rude and vigorous verse.
He takes life and its responsibilites se-
riously, earnestly and optimistically, as
men of the better sort are inclined to do.
And, above all, he believes firmly in the
"value of the warlike qualities of a na-
tion." He is a brave man. Even a coward
reverences courage, and it is his courage
more than any other attribute that en
THE MAGAZINES.
75
dears him to the people. Mountain climb-
ing in South America, as experienced by
E. A. FitzGerald, is an occupation attended
by more fatigue and danger than amuse-
ment, and is in striking contrast to the
account which precedes it by a few pages
of the ascent of Vesuvius.
Zangwill has a story of the Ghetto in
the November Cosmopolitan that is far
and away the best thing that has appeared
from his pen for a long time. There is a
sweetness in the ending, in spite of all the
pain and disappointment, that goes to the
heart and strengthens one's belief in hu-
man nature. Frank Stockton is making
capital out of the late unpleasantness with
Spain. His story of "The Skipper and El
Capitan" is told in his usual happy man-
ner, and brings to mind certain difficulties
confronting the United States peace com-
mission now in session in Paris. But the
"skipper" gets the steamer, and, after all,
that is the main thing. The fact that he
might have gotten it without going to war
simply serves to emphasize the short-
sightedness of men — and nations. In read-
ing a certain article in this number of the
Cosmopolitan, I came upon the following
sentence: "No one, no matter what his
cleverness, can generalize with any safety
from a limited experience; and no one
can establish standards of judgment until
his enthusiasms have been corrected by
the profound, discriminating knowledge
that is so dearly taught in the school of
disillusion." "Mr. Hooley and His Guinea
Pigs" is a story with a moral. H. G. Wells
writes delightfully of the "sunburnt man,"
who had the extraordinary experience of
being a god. "Gloria Mundi," Harold
Frederic's serial, is at last ended, or, more
properly speaking, it has stopped. The
author evidently grew tired of his char-
acters and dropped them unceremoniously
in the first convenient place he came to.
"The reason," remarks Richard Harding
Davis in his altogether delightful account
of the Porto Rican campaign in the No-
vember Scribner's, "the reason the Span-
ish bull gored our men in Cuba and failed
to do so in Porto Rico was entirely due to
the fact that Miles was an expert matador
and Shaf ter was not." Mr. Davis also tells
an entertaining story about Ensign Curtan,
"the middy who demanded and obtained
a surrender by telephone." We are indebt-
ed to the Spanish trouble for many things,
among others these same war papers of
Richard Harding Davis, which are so far
as pleasant reading goes by far the best
that have been published. The name of
this good-looking war correspondent in-
variably brings up that of Gibson, and Gib-
son's New York girl, with familiar figure
and elevated chin, is present in Scribner's
as usual. There is also a good newspaper
story by Jesse Lynch Williams, and a
poem by Charlotte Perkins Stetson that is
rather finer than anything she has written
since her sea-song. The title, "Closed
Doors," is suggestive. Scribner's has en-
larged its "Point of View."
IN AUTUMN.
Why sigh because the summer lies in
ruin?
Hath Time not hoard of many sun-lit
days?
Fair were the fields the summer flowers
grew in,
Yet shall next year make fair those leaf-
less ways.
In this dim hour of dreams that hath beset
thee,
With leafless boughs and with the griev-
ing wind,
Think not the days of passion will forget
thee,
And having proven fair will prove un-
kind.
In that fair season of the spring en- Ah, love, ere 'tis too late, be wise; re-
chanted, member
When May was thine, and all the woods Time spills each year but once from his
were green, dim urn;
'Mid all the roses that the summer planted All seasons have their secret, and De-
Was this autumnal morrow unforeseen? cember
Holds one as fair as May for which we
yearn.
Although the leaves forsake the withered
clover,
And one by one the brown leaves slowly
fall,
Still is my heart the world's unwearied
lover,
Finding the glamour sweet, and sweet
the thrall.
— Edward Maslin Hulme».
THE MONTH.
October 1. —
The Canadian Pacific announced that it
would establish anotner trans-Pacific
steamship line to ply between Vancouver
and Vladivostock.
In Paris the American and Spanish
peace commissioners met for the first busi-
ness session.
In Washington, D. C, Admiral Walker
received the report of the civil engineers
on the Nicaragua canal.
October 2 —
The coasts of Georgia and South Caro-
lina were swept by storm and flood.
In Paris disorders growing out of the
Dreyfus affair caused strangers to leave
the city in alarm.
October 3. —
Schools in Manila, kept closed since the
surrender, were reopened by American or-
ders.
The war department issued orders di-
recting the Sixth regiment, U. S. volun-
teers, immunes, stationed at Camp Thom-
as, to report at New York at once to em-
bark for Porto Rico.
October 4. —
In Peking, China, foreigners were men-
aced by angry mobs. The foreign minis-
ters sent a collective letter to the govern-
ment asking for suppression of the out-
rages and the punishment of the leaders.
Trey forbid foreign residents going to
Peking.
At La Grande, Or., the first sugar-beet
factory in the Northwest was successfully
opened.
At Newport News the Illinois, the larg-
est battle-ship in the U. S. navy, was
launched.
October 5. —
In Minnesota an Indian battle occurred
on the shore of Leech lake. General
Bacon in command of U. S. troops.
In Paris, a formal application for the
revision of the Dreyfus case was entered
on the docket of the court of cassation.
October 6. —
Additional U. S. troops were forwarded
to Leech lake, Minn. Indians reported to
be gathering in force at that point.
October 8. —
German opposition to American annex-
ation of the Philippines was reliably re-
ported to have been withdrawn.
At Leech lake the Indian war situation
was becoming more serious.
October 9. —
Spanish forces evacuated Manzanillo.
France decided not to press her claims
to Fashoda.
October 11. —
The Spanish government announced its
intention to maintain a strong force of
troops in Cuba until the treaty of peace
with the United States was signed.
October 12.—
At Virden, 111., a desperate fight with
strikers occurred. Imported negro miners
the cause of the disturbance. Governor
Tanner charged Virden operators with
murder. President Loucks retaliated with
threats to hold the governor of Illinois re-
sponsible for the seriousness of the
trouble.
October 13 —
At Havana 1073 Spanish soldiers em-
bark for Spain.
At Omaha the sudden death of Mrs. T.
T. Geer, wife of the governor-elect of Ore-
gon, occurred.
Emperor William and the empress, en
route for Palestine, met the king and queen
of Italy at Venice.
October 14. —
A military plot against the French gov-
ernment was discovered, in which several
prominent men were involved.
October 15. —
The Atlantic steamer Mohegan was
wrecked off the Lizard, England, with
great loss of life.
Gomez refused to disband the Cuban
army.
The special session of the Oregon legis
lature ended.
October 16 —
The Forty-seventh New York regiment
entered San Juan, Porto Rico.
In Chicago the national peace jubilee
was inaugurated with a thanksgiving serv-
ice at the Auditorium. President McKin-
ley attended.
The pope's decree, excommunicating
Rev. Stephen Kaminski, bishop of the in-
dependent Polish Catholic church of Buf-
falo, N. Y., was read in all the Catholic
churches of that city.
October 17. —
In Washington, D. C, the first formal
THE MONTH.
77
meeting of the Industrial Commission was
held.
In Paris, Judge Day, of the U. S. peace
commission, made positive demands on
Spain.
Forty thousand Russian soldiers were
reported as having been concentrated at
Port Arthur in readiness for any emer-
gency at Peking.
October 18 —
The Stars and Stripes were raised at
noon today over San Juan.
The emperor and empress of Germany
arrived at Constantinople, and were re-
ceived by the sultan.
October 19 —
A naval engagement was reported to
have occurred at Manila between Admiral
Dewey and the insurgents.
Advices were received from Washington
to the effect that the United States would
assume Cuban municipal debts.
October 20 —
It was reported in Paris that Captain
Dreyfus was in that city, confined in the
fortress at Moulralerin, to which he was
secretly brought.
The crisis in Chile reported to be passed,
all the ministers but one having with-
drawn their resignations.
October 21 —
It was cabled to London from Paris that
the Spanish peace commissioners were on
the point of yielding to the demands of the
United States.
October 22.—
The excitement in Vienna, consequent
upon the appearance in that city of the
bubonic plague, was somewhat allayed by
the extraordinary precautions taken by
the authorities to prevent an epidemic.
General Whitten, collector of customs at
Manila, was ordered to proceed to Paris
for the purpose of testifying before the
United States peace commission.
October 23 —
Two battles were reported to have oc-
curred on the island of Formosa between
the natives and the Japanese, in which the
latter were victorious.
October 24 —
General Ortega and the last of the Span-
ish soldiers sailed from Porto Rico.
The commanders of all the warships of
the British North American squadron re-
ceived orders to mobilize at Halifax.
October 25 —
In Paris the Brisson ministry was forced
by the chamber of deputies to resign.
In London, Lord Salisbury's attitude in
the Fashoda matter elicited general com-
mendation.
The United States gives the Spanish
prisoners sick in Manila permission to
leave Manila for Spain.
October 26 —
In Paris general excitement and disor-
der prevailed, consequent upon the over-
throw of the French ministry-
October 27 —
The Dreyfus matter comes up in Paris
on an appeal for revision.
The Cuban question reported as having
been settled by the peace commission in
Paris.
General Kitchener left Paris for Lon-
don. He has spoken with praise of the
French and of his reception at Fashoda
by Major Marchand.
At Omaha in the Woman's National
Council, Susan B. Anthony sarcastically
criticised the administration for its
treatment of soldiers in the war with
Spain. Mrs. Ellen Foster, of Washington,
replied to Miss Anthony and logically de-
fended the government.
October 28 —
Prince Louis Napoleon, who was sup-
posed to have joined his regiment in Rus-
sia, was discovered in Geneva, where he
is strongly suspected of plotting for the
overthrow of the French government and
the establishment of a monarchy with
himself upon the throne.
It was reported in London that a settle-
ment of the Fashoda question had been
reached.
Emperor Nicholas of Russia becomes an
advocate of Dreyfus revision.
October 29 —
In Atlanta, Allan D. Chandler was in-
augurated governor of Georgia.
The emperor and empress of Germany
entered Jerusalem.
In Paris the court of cassation decided
to grant a revision of the Dreyfus case.
October 30.—
From San Francisco the transport Zea-
landia, with the First and Second battal-
ions of the First Tennessee regiment,
sailed for Manila.
October 31 —
It was announced in Paris, on reliable
authority, that Marchand would be re-
called and the Fashoda question settled
favorably to Great Britain.
The United States peace commission de-
manded the cession from Spain of the
Philippine islands entire.
LITERARY COMMENT.
"Victor Serenus" is the title of a book
by Henry Wood, recently published by
Lee & Shepard of Boston. It is mainly
interesting in its religious exposition, for
it is in every sense a religious novel,
though the novel part of it might have
been advantageously dispensed with. The
threads of romance that run through its
pages in the usual tangle are a drawback
to the work. The author has such a
wealth of material at hand, and has made
such awkward use of it, that one is con-
strained to wish he had left it untouched,
and confined himself strictly to the teach-
ing of the beautiful "New Faith," which is
but the old, old faith the world has
neglected, or refused to understand, since
the beginning of time. Henry Wood, with
commendable earnestness, strives to strip
the truth of the cumbersome disguises
men have sought to obscure its loveliness
in, and to every one, man or woman, who
lifts a hand or speaks a word to this end,
is due full measure of human gratitude.
H. G. Wells delights in speculative fan-
cies, in extravagances of the imagination,
as all who have read or even glanced at
his "War of the Worlds" can testify. His
story of "The Time-Machine" is as hope-
lessly pessimistic and as horribly weird as
anything the human mind can conceive of.
The subject is worthy of an Edgar Allan
Poe. But Mr. Wells handles it in a man-
ner in some respects equal to that great
master of the horrible and the weird. It
is the element of possibility in the picture
which he paints of the ultimate social
conditions of the race that gives it such a
gruesome fascination for the impression-
able reader. The "time-traveler's" expe-
rience with the Morlocks is not in itself
the thing that thrills the reader. It is that
possible, no matter bow improbable, dif-
ferentiation of the human species.
In his latest "Geographical Reader,"
Frank G. Carpenter has thoroughly ex-
plored the North American continent,
from the Arctic circle to the Isthmus of
Panama, and from Cape Blanco to Cape
Cod. He has touched upon every subject,
every industry and natural resource em-
braced in this vast extent of territory, and
has written so entertainingly of all these
things that one reads with ever-increasing
interest to the end of the volume. This
book is designed for use in the public
schools, and is the second of a series by
the same author, brought out by the Amer-
ican Book Company, and the fortunate
pupil into whose hands it will fall will
gain a very general and comprehensive
knowledge of the country in which he
lives.
Gillett Burgess gives it as his opinion
that authors like George Meredith and I.
Zangwill should be publicly rewarded for
having written, and that "Corelli, Hall
Caine and Co. should be paid not to write."
The most charming feature about Lew
Wallace's last published volume, "The
Wooinsr of Malkatoon." is the work of the
illustrator, Frank DuMond. It was unde-
niably a "labor of love" on the part of the
artist, for the face of the heroine is the
face of his beautiful young wife, Helen
Savier DuMond, who is herself an artist,
and one of Oregon's daughters. Mr. Du
Mond is at present engaged upon a series
of illustrations for the Christmas number
of Harper's for 1898.
Harold Frederic, whose book, "Illumina-
tion," or "Damnation of Theron Ware,"
was so variously criticised a year or so
since, and then relegated to the top shelf
along with Du Maurier's "Trilby," and
numerous other volumes, that were the
sensation of a day, has gone over to the
land beyond the Styx, and will write no
more for mortal scanning. There is in all
that he has left on record in the realm of
fiction an unexpressed yet none the less
apparent contempt, a tolerant contempt,
for the characters of his own creation that
always impresses the reader with a sense
of discomfort. It is so disquieting to feel
that an author has very slight faith in his
own heroes and heroines. Bitter cynicism
is better than a good-natured, contemptu-
ous half faith.
Professor W. H. Hudson, of Stanford
university, the author of the "Idle Hours
in a Library" series, and who is now in
London, has just produced a new book en-
titled "The Study of English Literature."
The publishers are the Cro wells, a well-
known London firm.
In one of the new books of the year
occurs the following statement, which is
remarkable solely for its incorrectness:
"When two people are alone in a room,
they draw together as naturally as bubble
to bubble in spinning water." This might
be true of two people who are fond of each
other, but otherwise the reverse is always
the case.
LITERARY COMMENT.
79
"I have recently read," writes the beau-
tiful lover of beautiful books, "Bourget's
'Tragic Idyl,' and while it is beautifully
written it is unclean, but is by no means
so vile as 'Intruder.' Don't you be polluted
by coming in contact with or having even
a bowing acquaintance with either of these
books. Immorality is in them idealized,
but it is still a festering, suffering spot,
and as the stirring of a sewer causes fever
such novels as these work untold evil. .
. . A charming little volume by William
Sherfs, called 'Wives in Exile,' came my
way the other day. It is not new, but it
is light and pure, with gems of strength
strewn through it, frothy but moonshiny.
'In Touch With the Infinite,' by Ralph
Waldo Trine, is more Emersonian than
anything I've read in years. Trine is more
satisfying than Hudson, and just as con-
vincing."
The following exquisite bit of Moorish
verse contains quite as much truth as
poetry:
"Tyrant of man, imperious Fate,
I bow before thy dread decree,
Nor hope in this uncertain state
To find a seat secure from thee.
"Think not the stream will backward flow
Or cease its onward course to keep;
As soon the blazing star shall glow
Beneath the surface of the deep."
A book that contains "218 pages and
only one dull one, and that the blank fly-
leaf," is the verdict of The Bookman con-
cerning Joseph Conrad's "Children of the
Sea."
"Our War With Spain," by Edwin Em-
erson, Jr., and "Life at Camp Wikoff," by
R. H. Titherington, are the leading fea-
tures of Munsey's for November. Max
Pemberton's new story, "The Garden of
Swords," makes a promising beginning,
but the cream of the number is contained
in "Literary Chat," in the stories of Je-
rome K. Jerome, Benson, and the oft-re-
peated tale of Kipling and the elephant.
LOOKING BACK.
We two walking at early morn,
We two walking the brook beside;
Was it the lark's song, up from the corn,
That rose and echoed, and ere it died
Filled all the waste of the meadow wide
With a long, heart-thrilling, enchanting
Ah,
layi
though the years in their flight di-
vide,
I hear but the sound of thy voice today.
Time was sweet to us, both lovelorn,
While came no breath from the world to
chide;
Red was the red rose, without a thorn,
You gave me then, when in first love's
pride
We dreamed life holy, earth glorified,
And thought the Maytime would last for
aye —
Ah! though the years in their flight di-
vide,
I hear but the sound of thy voice today.
What though we think now with weary
scorn
Of the old love gone with the old year's
tide!
We by the world's woes worn and torn,
Older-grown, too, and sadder-eyed,
With thought made clearer by time's
swift stride,
We calmly acknowledge our idols clay —
Ah! though the years in their flight di-
vide,
I hear but the sound of thy voice today.
Adrift on the ocean without a guide,
Fate, does thy sad star light the way?
Ah! though the years in their flight divide,
I hear but the sound of thy voice today.
— Florence B. Cartwright.
COLLEGE CORRESPONDENCE.
LELAND STANFORD JR. UNIVER-
SITY, CALIFORNIA.
Interest for the month has centered in the
beginning of a movement which promises
to be novel in the history of education in
the United States, as well as inestimable
in value to Stanford university — the or-
ganization of the students and alumni into
an association for the exemption of the
university from taxation. At a mass
meeting two weeks ago, the Stanford Uni-
versity Tax-Exemption Club was organized
and officers elected who are now busily en-
gaged in devising plans for the work.
Two prominent graduates, attorneys ol
San Francisco, have been sent out, one to
the northern and the other to the south-
ern part of the state, to interest candi-
dates for the state legislature in the con-
stitutional amendment which will be sub-
mitted at the next session. If passed by
a two-thirds vote, the amendment will go
to the people for ratification in 1900. Cir-
culars are being sent out to the press and
friends of the university, the Press Club
is furnishing articles and letters for news-
papers, while every student and alumnus
is exerting every possible influence in this
two years' campaign of education. Ac-
cording to President Jordan, "Either the
university will be freed from the burden
of taxation, or we will be forced to charge
a tuition fee of $150, as the Eastern col-
leges do, although they are free from state
taxation."
President Jordan, during the month, de-
livered an address before the Congress of
Religions of the Trans-Mississippi Expo-
sition on "Imperial Democracy," at Oma-
ha, which embodies his views on the is-
sues of the war. It will be published soon
in pamphlet form. He has lately defined
anew his position in regard to colonial
expansion, and says: "We must take the
Antilles, not because we want them, but
because we have no friends that would
hold them and give us no trouble. There
is no other nation which can handle their
problems as well as we, and they are near
enough to lead public opinion to protect
them from the grosser forms of tyranny,
neglect and corruption." "But the Philip-
pines," he urges, "are unsuited for free
institutions, are distant, scattered, and in-
habited by an un-American people. If we
take Manila, it will be to her advantage
as a commercial center, but at a great cost
to us. More army and navy we need be-
yond question, but for America to become
a 'military and naval power' is for her to
invite disintegration and degeneration.
We have no machinery for the good gov-
ernment of dependent provinces, nor do
we want any. The only righteous thing
to do would be to recognize the independ-
ence of the Philippines under American
protection, and to lend them our army and
navy and our wisest counselors, not poli-
ticians, but Dewey and Merritt, with jur-
ists, foresters, mining engineers, civil en-
gineers, and experts in science and manu-
facture. If, after they have had a fair
chance, the experiment of self-government
fails, then we should turn them over to the
paternalism of peace-loving Holland or
peace-compelling Great Britain. We should
not get our money back, but we should
save our honor."
Student interest in football remains un-
abated, especially since the arrival of
Coach Cross, who was somewhat disap-
pointed in the material, especially the lack
of experienced men in the line. Captain
Fisher and Murphy, the Oregon players,
continue the stars of the team, and so far
their play has been the only encourage-
ment Stanford has had toward hoping for
victory. The team this year will be strong
on the offensive, but when the other side
has the ball Stanford will hold her breath.
For the next month every effort will be
made to strengthen the defense of the
team, and upon the solution of this prob-
lem depends the color of the banner which
will be floating over San Francisco
Thanksgiving evening, whether it shall be
cardinal or blue and gold.
Following are the 'varsity scores thus
far:
September 30— Stanford, 22; Washing-
ton volunteers, 0.
October 5 — Stanford, 10; Kansas volun-
teers, 0.
October 8— Stanford, 23; Olympics, 0.
October 15 — Stanford, 15; Kansas vol-
unteers, 11.
October 20 — Stanford, 0; Iowa volun-
teers, 6.
October 22— Stanford, 5; Olympics, 0.
Berkeley has defeated this season the
Olympics, 17-0 and 16-0; Kansas volun-
teers, 33-0, and the Washington volun-
teers, 44-0.
It has been decided by the authorities
to utilize in the future the Stanford resi-
dence in San Francisco as the home of a
school of history, economics and social
science.
Mrs. Francis E. Spencer, widow of the
late Judge Spencer, president of the board
of trustees of the university, has presented
COLLEGE CORRESPONDENCE.
81
to the university the law library of her
distinguished husband, which will form a
valuable addition to the library of the law
department.
The musical clubs contemplate taking a
trip as far east as Denver or north to Port-
land and the Sound cities, during Christ-
mas vacation.
— O. C. Leiter.
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA,
BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA.
Every Berkeley man is thinking of foot-
ball just now. The outlook grows brighter
as Thanksgiving day approaches. Every-
body is asking, Are you going to win? We
think we are. And our hopes of victory
seem better grounded this year than be-
fore, and not the least reason for this hope
is the outcome of two recent "big" games.
October 29, the Berkeley freshmen played
the freshmen from Stanford, and October
31 the California 'varsity lined up against
the Iowa team from the Fifty-first regi-
ment, Iowa volunteers. The result was
most satisfactory to us. Our freshmen de-
feated their red-sweatered rivals with the
score of 21-0. Our 'varsity showed up well
against Iowa, and, although neither side
scored, there was little question as to the
stronger team. But we draw our compari-
sons from the fact that in a game played
at Palo Alto, two weeks ago, Iowa defeated
Stanford with a score of 6-0. Thus we
await Thanksgiving, and, should the un-
expected happen — why, San Francisco re-
ally couldn't hold us.
About the Greater University of Cali-
fornia: The subject is so immense and
the plans so vast and comprehensive that
a volume would be more appropriate than
a paragraph. The preliminary competi-
tion closed at Antwerp a month ago, and
the successful architects are expected in
Berkeley before very long to study in de-
tail the site on which the great architec-
tural monument is to be raised. We look
forward in the near future to the ultimate
realization of this magnificent scheme, but
there is much uncertainty over it yet. The
name of Mrs. Phoebe Hearst will always
be associated with this movement toward
expansion. The inspiration came from
her, and should the plan prove successful
our Greater University will be a lasting
monument to her bountiful generosity.
Another name will also go down in our
college history as one of the university's
benefactors — that of Mrs. Flood, of San
Francisco. She has lately given us prop-
erty valued at over $2,000,000, which is to
be devoted to our new college of com-
merce.
The resignation of President Martin J.
Kellogg will take effect next October. The
question of a successor is being discussed,
but, as yet, nothing whatever has been
done. Many names are mentioned for the
position, among them that of Benjamin
Andrews, late president of Brown univer-
sity, and President Hyde, of Bowdoin col-
lege. Probably no action will be taken for
a year or so yet.
Tomorrow the board of regents will
make an official acceptance of the affiliated
colleges buildings in San Francisco. The
buildings include the colleges of medicine,
dentistry, pharmacy and veterinary sci-
ence.
— Charles E. Fryer.
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON,
SEATTLE, WASH.
Enthusiasm and progress have never
been so apparent in the affairs of the
University of Washington as at the pres-
ent. The strife and contention that un-
fortunately prevailed for nearly two years
have now disappeared entirely, and every
student as well as every member of the
faculty is imbued with the same spirit of
united advancement.
President Frank Pierrepont Graves, Ph.
D., LL. D., has already demonstrated the
fact that he can bring an abundant suc-
cess to the institution. His inauguration
is to be celebrated. iD a formal way on
November 30th. at which time a pro-
gramme of exercises will be presented,
including an address by President David
Starr Jordan, of Stanford University, and
an address by Hon. John R. Rogers, gov-
ernor of Washington.
One of the features established by Presi-
dent Graves is the weekly assemblies of
the institution. Prominent men are on
these occasions given opportunities of ad-
dressing the students and the faculty. One
plan in this connection is to have a series
of short addresses by successful men in
the different professions and occupations,
to give out of their experiences some sug-
gestions that may prove helpful to young
men and women in their life work. The
first in this series was given on Friday,
October 28th, by Frank J. Barnard, super-
intendent of the Seattle public schools.
Last year the university closed with
164 students. This year there are already
220 regular students, and the free Satur-
day courses for teachers have a registra-
tion of 112 students.
Lafayette day, October 19th, was cele-
brated with a programme including three
short addresses, as follows: "Boyhood of
Lafayette," by Professor A. B. Coffey;
"Lafayette and Washington," by Professor
E. J. Hamilton; "Lafayette's Later Visits
to America," by Professor Edmond S.
Meany.
EDMOND S. MEANY.
82
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
UNIVERSITY OF OREGON,
EUGENE, OREGON.
The year's work is well under way and
there is a healthy activity in all depart-
ments. As is the case in nearly every
college of note at this season of the year,
football is the all-absorbing topic outside
of the classroom — and the important in-
tercollegiate game is to be played with the
Oregon Agricultural College team. On
Saturday, the 13th, the U. of O. will meet
the Indians from Chemawa, who will come
to Eugene in the full determination to
"win or die." They are working under
the direction of a coach from the Carlyle
Indian school. Simpson, the coach for
the university team, is a strict disciplin-
arian. The men, under his systematic
training, are doing better work than has
ever characterized the football team of
the U. of O. The captain, Dick Smith, is
a veteran of two years' standing. His
work is second only to that of Shattuck,
of '95. He plays the position of right
tackle, and Jakeway, who formerly played
on the Portland Athletic Club and Van-
couver elevens, will play the other tackle.
Persons in need of paint, oil or glass
will do well to go to the old and reliable
pioneer house of F. E. Beach & Co., corner
First and Alder streets, where satisfacti n
always has and always will be given.
THE MERMAID.
Oh, once there was a pretty maid
Stood pining by the sea;
And all the waves broke down in grief
That she should weeping be;
And wide they spread the silver sand,
Whereon her weary feet did stand,
With cold and briny tears;
But sympathy seemed not enough
To drive away her fears.
Said she: '"My lover's fled and gone.
And left me all alone."
Whereat these waves did every one
Set up a tender moan,
And gentle sorrow filled the air
All round about this pretty fair,
And dwelt upon her ear;
But mourning never did relieve
The heavy weight of care.
Said she: "I know not any one,
For all bereft am I;
I know not in the world whereon
My lonely head to lie.
These sorrowing waves they pity me.
Oh, I would e'er contented be
Within their fond embrace;
Their ever-murmuring voices would
My sorrows all erase."
Whereat this maiden sought the tide,
Her tears fell fast and warm,
And all the wavelets rushed to kiss
Her sweet and fairy form.
Said they: "To die she is too rare.
We'll deck her long and shining hair
With pearls and coral spray;
And she shall be a mermaid fair,
Singing and blithe and gay."
And now, when parting day has sung
The world his elegy.
And o'er the earth the moon has spread
Her silver canopy,
And high above Orion's hill
Some wandering star against the world
His eye is opening,
Go, walk beside the murmuring sea,
And you shall hear her sing.
—William Martin.
BorquList <5t Raffling
Higla Class Tailoring
S&31' WasHirigtoin. Street
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
The Kilham Stationery Co*
OFFICE OUTFITTERS
SUCCESSORS TO STUART & THOMPSON CO.
■
to
to
to
to
to
to
I 267 Morrison Street
Blank Books and Office Necessities
Hurlbut's fine Stationery
Fine Leather Goods for .the Holidays. Counting House and Pocket Diaries for 1899
NO HUMBUG NO SHAMS
S* W* Aldrich Pharmacy
.... Corner Sixth and Washington Streets, Portland, Oregon ....
Carries a Complete Assortment of High- Grade Drugs
and Chemicals. By constant and careful attention the
stock is kept fresh and up-to-date
Direct Importer of French and English Perfumes, Soaps, Powders, Toilet Waters and
Novelties. Particular Attention Given to Prescriptions and Mail Orders. Prices
Lowest in the City on Same Class of Goods
APPROPRIATE FRAMING A SPECIALTY
307 WASHINGTON STREET
Bet. Fifth and Sixth, PORTLAND, OREGON
Muirhead & Murhard
Contractors for
FINE PLUMBING
Steam and Hot Water Heating
Apparatus
..343 Washington Street-
Portland, ORE.
. . . We SMake a Specialty of the Printing of High-Class Publications . . . £
Peaslee brothers Co*
PRINTERS and
PUBLISHERS
Sherlock Building, Cor. Third and Oak Streets, Portland, Ore.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
L. Mayer & Co.
Wholesale
and Retail KJtocers
Depot for GERMAN, ENGLISH AND EAST INDIAN TABLE LUXURIES
FINE HOUSEHOLD ARTICLES AND BASKETS
IMPORTERS OF
FINE GROCERIES, WINES, TEAS AND TABLE LUXURIES
268 Morrison Street, Portland, Oregon
Oregon Telephone Main 432 Columbia Telephone 432
THE WHITE STAMP & SEAL GO.
Manufacturers of
Air Cushion" Rubber Stamps
NOTARY, LODGE
AND CORPORA
tion otALo
2*5)^ Washington St., Portland, Oregon
JESSE WADDELL
SUCCESSOR TO BERGER
SIGN SSSSSr PAINTER
211 OAK STREET, NEAR FIRST
Oregon 'Phone Red 1Q32 PORTLAND, OREGON
AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN PLAN
RATES
European Plan
$1.00, $1.50, $2.00
American Plan
$2.00, $2.50, $3.00
THE
Imperial Hotel
Seventh and Washington Sts.
PORTLAND, ORE.
THOS. GUINEAN
Proprietor
United Modern Vigilantes
MAIN OFFICES
Room 60 & 61, Washington Bldg., Portland, Or.
...Fraternal Protection That Protects...
A Death Benefit Order For,
By and Of the People
The Cheapest Order in Existence Compatible with Safety
Only One Payment a Month, therefor you are not guess-
ing as to the final cost per year
Good Organizers Wanted ( Ladies or Gentlemen )
Address, F. J. McHENRY, Chief Leader, as above
Established 1882
Open Day and Night
E* House's Cafe
128 Third Street, Portland, Ore.
CLAMS AND OYSTERS
HOME-MADE PIES AND CAKES
Cream and Milk from our own Ranch. The Best Cup ofj
Coffee and Chocolate in the City
I; We Make Maps...
*#
Any kind for anybody. See that your stationer shows you the
new Map of Oregon, published by Punnett Bros., 625 Mission
Street, San Francisco, Cal. Mounted on good cloth with roller
for wall use, $1.00. Folded in neat cover, 50 cents. Send to us
for any information on Maps of any description.
:£++ + + + + + + + + + ♦»♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦HHHHHT
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
A. B. STEHMBRCH & Co.
POPULAR PRICE
Cor. Fi**st
and Morrison
Streets
i m
PORTLAND, ORE.
Devers' Blend Coffee \ 1 WOM'S
TO INSURE GETTING THE GENUINE, BUY IN
SEALED PACKAGES ONLY
j CLOSSET & DEVERS
Coffee Roasters... PORTLAND, OREGON
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
Telephone 371...
105, 107, 1074 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
AGENCY FOR MAILLARD'S CANDIES
Henry G. Brakes
SUCCESSOR TO BAUM & BRANDES
... HEADQUARTERS FOR ...
jOYSTERS AND ICE CREAM
145 First Street and
228 Alder Street
"AMILY ROOMS
PORTLRND, ORE.
Telephone 235
E. C. Goddard A. W. Goddard T. H. Fearey
E. G. GODDARD & GO.
Dealers in
Fine Footwear
FULL, LINE OF
LATEST STYLE FALL AND
WINTER SHOES
129 Sixth St., Portland, Ore.
Oregonian Building
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
..Transact a General Banking Business...
Special Attention Given to
Collections
F»ore'ri^v:LVi>, OREGON
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" The Policy Holders' Company "
THE NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
1st A Cash Surrender Value. 2d A Loan equal in amount to the Cash Yalue.
M Extended Insurance for the Full amount of Policy, without the request^of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-up Policy
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
727, 728 & 729 Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
O. «7r. v/foorehouse dc Co.j y»cor/?orateit
Wait SPapor, &oom 97?outdtnffs, IPaints,
Otis, 2Sar7iisAos, Jfousc, Otffn
and fresco SPainiing
30S jftder Street, SPortiand, Oregon
Cte/G/i/ione .^&ed 54/
Free Sriine to All Customers
KNIGHT & EDER
The Medium Priced Shoe Dealers
292 Washington Street
Opposite Hotel Perkins PORTLAND, OREGON
Established 1872
JOHN A. BECK
Dealer in
Watts, Diamonds, Jewelry, Silverware,
270 Morrison St., Bet. Third and Fourth,
Repairing a Specialty PORTLAND. OREGON
THE J. K. GILL CO.
Finest Stationery
Masonic Temple, Third and Alder Sts., Portland, Ore.
ALL THE LATEST BOOKS
Prices to Meet All Competitors
Dixon, Borgeson & Company
R. LUTKE, Manager, Portland
o. Show Cases
Portland brush Factory
The Only One in the Northwest
Manufacturers of
Every Description
Jewelers' and Druggists' Wall Cases
and Bank Fixtures
108-110-112-114 FRONT STREET, Cor. Washington
PORTLAND, OREGON
s
Importers and Manufacturers of
All Kinds of Brushe
No. 70 THIRD STREET
Worcester Building, PORTLAND, OREGON
Machine Brushes Made to Order
37 Market Street, San Francisco, Cal.
SPECIAL ATTENTION TO RUSH WOR1
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY-ADVERTISING SECTION
F. E. BEACH & CO.
Pioneer. PAINT COMPANY
Pure Paints, Oils and General
Building Material
13^ FIRST STREET
N. W. Cor. Alder
PORTLAND, OREGON
..HATTERS AND FURNISHERS..
8
Sole Agents for
94 THIRD STREET
Portland, Ore.
...RICHET COMPANY...
Wholesale f Retail Groceries
112-114 Front Street, Corner Washington
PORTLAND, OREGON
Consumers can save money by trading with us. We are both Wholesalers and Retailers,
and are enabled to sell to the consumer at less than the ordinary rates.
We have a special shipping department, devoting careful attention to the Packing and
Shipping of orders from the interior. All orders will receive careful and prompt attention. We
shall be pleased to mail a copy of our Price Iyist to those requesting it.
RICHET COMPANY
Telephone 5Q|
ARE NOTED FOR QUALITY OF WORK AND PROMPT SERVICE .
JAMES R. EWING
..Bookseller..
Miscellaneous Books
Bibles . . .
Northwest Views
267 Morrison Street
PORTLAND, OREGON
Careful Attention, to Special Orders
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Buy Your Homoeopathic Medicines of
Boericke & Runyon
Portland, Oregon
opp. olds & king 303 Washington Street
Wm. $. T>iers
Society 'Penman
418 The Ttekum Portland, Oregon
WAlXfAPER...
We want your Trade if Low Prices
and Good Material will get it
MILLER'S WALL PAPER STORE
Second and Taylor Sts., 'Portland, Ore.
Povey Bros. Glass Company
MANUFACTURERS OF
Art Stained Glass
FOR CHURCHIS, DWELLINGS. PUBLIC BUILDINGS
48 TO 54 N. SIXTH ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
24,000 Volumes and over 200 Periodicals.
$5.00 a Year and $1.50 a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS-From 9 A. M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Sun-
days and Holidays
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK
..Odd ©togs Bron] Japan..
LITTLE BOOK STORE
293 Morrison Street, Portland, Ore.
DR. P. EASTON, PALMIST, OCCULTIST AND
HEALER, examines the palm of your hand and
tells you the story of your life, as told by the lan-
guage of the hands; he tells you what to do, what
can be done and what should be done. His readings
will turn ill fortune to success, discontent and mis-
ery to happiness disease and ill health to strength,
vigorous manhood and womanhood. Office hours,
q A. M. to 8 P. M.. rooms 26 and 27, Raleigh Build-
ing. 323^ Washington Street, corner Sixth. Terms
within the reach of all.
..OPTICIAN..
Dr. A. A. BARR, formerly of St. Paul, has charge of
the Optical Department for
. N. WRIGHT, THE IOWA JEWELER,
293 Morrison Street, PORTLAND, ORE.
CONSULTATION FREE
JOHN CRAN & CO.
Specialties in
Hosiery, Underwear, Dress
Goods, Linens
HANDKERCHIEFS, WHITE GOODS,
LACES, ETC.
256 illiRSHINGTON STREET
PORTLAND, ORE.
S. M. Mears, President Marion Wilcox, Secretary
THE UNITED GflRBlHGE GOPIPHNY
Carriages and Livery
Branch Office, Baggage and Omnibus Transfer Co.,
Fourth and Stark Streets.
Main Office, S. W. Cor. Seventh and Taylor Streets
Portland, Oregon.
Boarding and Care of Horses
a Specialty.
T3ALL-Bearing Type- Bar Joints and Fixec
Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unimpairable
Alignment. Lightest Key Action. The Mos
Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work. Carriage
locks at end of line, protecting the writing
Compact Shift Keyboard. Numerous Handy
Features. Address for full particulars,
'piiier I Supplies Company..
No. 232 Stark Street
PORTLHND, OREGON
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
CARRIES A FULL LINE OF
MOTORS from One-half Horse Power Up
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kinds
of Machinery.
ARC and INCANDESCENT LIGHTING.
Electric and Bell Wiring a Specialty.
Electric Supplies
SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
COR. SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Columbia River & Puget Sound Navigation Go.
Portland and Astoria
Steamers Telephone or Bailey Gatzert leave foot Alder
Street daily (except Sunday;, 7A.M.
Leave Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
U. B. SCOTT, President
EAST ) = SOUTHERN
VIA PACIFIC
COMPANY
LEAVE
* 6 00 p m
* 8 30 a m
Daily
except
Sunday
t 7 30 a m
t 4 50 p m
Depot. Fifth and I Sts.
OVERLAND EX-
PRESS, for Salem,
Roseburg, Ashland,
Sacramento, Ogden,
San Francisco, Mo-
jave, Los Angeles, El
Paso, New Orleans
and the East.
Roseburg passenger ...
(Via Woodburn fort
Mt. Angel, Silverton,
West Scio, Browns-
ville, Springfield and
Natron.
ARRIVE
* 9 30 a in
* 4 30 pm
Daily
except
Sunday
Corvallis passenger { 5 50 p m
Independence passenger | 8 25 a m
♦Daily. JDaily except Sunday.
Direct connection at San Francisco with Occi-
dental and Oriental and Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND CHINA. Sailing dates on
application.
Rates and tickets to Eastern points and Eu-
rope Also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA. Can be obtaiued from r. B.
KIRKL\ND, Ticket Agent, 134 Third Street.
Yamhill Division— Pass. Depot, foot Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a m ;
12:30, 1:55, 3:25, 5:15, 6:25 8:05, 11:30 p m, and 9:00
a m on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland daily
at 6:35*, 8:30, 10:50* a m; 1:35, 3=i5- 4:30, 6:20, 7:40,
9:15 p m: 11:40 a m daily except Monday, and
10:05 a m on Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, except Sunday at
4:30 P m. Arrive at Portland at 9:30 a m.
Leave for Airlie, Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays at 8:40 a m. Arrive at Portland Tuesdays,
Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
♦Except Sunday.
R. KOEHLER, C. H. MARKHAH.
nanagei . (Jen. P. & P. Agt.
ARE YOU INTERESTED?
THE O. R. & N. Co.'s NEW BOOK on the Resources
of Oregon, Washington and Idaho is being distributed.
Our readers are requested to forward the addresses of
their Eastern friends and acquaintances, and a copy of
the work will be sent them free. This is a matter All
should be interested in, and we would ask that every-
one take an interest and forward such addresses to W.
|H. Hurlburt, General Passenger Agent, O. R. & N. Co.,
IPortland, Oregon.
0.R.8R
Depart
TIME SCHEDULES.
FROM PORTLAND.
Salt Lake, Denver. Ft.
Worth, Omaha, Kan-
sas City, St. Louis,
Chicago and East.
Walla Walla, Spokane,
M i n n e a p olis, St.
Paul, Duluth, Mil-
waukee, Chicago &
East.
Ocean Steamships.
All sailing dates sub-
ject to change.
For San Francisco-
Sail November 1, 4,
7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28
Columbia River
Steamers.
To Astoria and Way-
Landings.
Arrived
Fast
Mail
8 p. m.
Fast
Mail
7:20 a. m.
Spokane
Flyer
2:20 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
10:15 a. m.
Sp. m.
4 p. m
8 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
Saturday
10 p. m.
4 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
6 a. m.
Ex. Sunday
Willamette River.
Oregon City, Newberg
Salem & Way-Land'gs.
Willamette and Yam-
hill Rivers.
Oregon City, Dayton,
and Way-Land'gs.
Willamette River.
Portland to Corvallis
and Way Landings.
Snake River.
Riparia to Lewiston.
4:30 p.m.
Ex. Sunday
7 a. as.
Tues, Thur.
and Sat.
3:30 p.m.
Mon., Wed.
and Fri.
6 a. m.
Tues. Thur
and Sat.
Lv Riparia
1:45 a. m.
Daily
Ex. Sat.
4:30 i> m.
Tues, Thur.
and Sat.
Lv. Lewis-
ton
5:45 a. m.
Daily
Ex. Friday
V. A. SCHILLING. W. H. HUBLBURT,
City Ticket Agent. Geu. Pass. Agent.
264 Washington Street, - Portland, Oregoa.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Wakelee & Company ^ ^ ^
"DRUGGISTS
* "PERFUMERS
**JHE most careful attention by
skilled and experienced phar-
macists given to the compound-
ing of Physicians9 Prescriptions,
We cannot afford to give less
than our best efforts. Our work
and our goods are AL WA YS the
best of the highest grades ^ j* jt
Corner Bush and Montgomery Streets ...
SAN FRANCISCO, CALA.
[
NEW STORE
NEW GOODS
NEW PRICES
A COMFORTABLE PLACE TO SHOP
Dress Goods, Linings, Underwear, Laces,
Ribbons, (Moves, Etc.
BLANKETS, FLANNELS, BED SPREADS, TABLE
LINEN, TOWELS, ETC.
GENTS' FURNISHING GOODS
P. A. FINSETH, PROP.
Bet. First & Second
PORTLAND, ORE
230 MORRISON ST.
[II
WINTER SCHEDULE-Daily
Train No. 22 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 12:15 p. m.
Train No. 24 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at 11:10 p.m.
Return
Train No. 21 leaves Astoria at 8.00 a. ni., arrives in
Portland at 12:15 P- ni.
Train No. 23 leaves Astoria at 6:30 p. m. and arrives
in Portland at 10:35 p. m.
Train No. 22 runs through to Seaside, leaving Seaside
on the return at 2:50 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia River R. R. Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:00 p. m., arriving at
Astoria at 12:15 P- m- and n:to p. m. Leaving for Sea-
side at 12:20 p. m.
mi OGinDfiiiii
O'SpicT0*^
As regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
JUST THIIMKI
3^ days with no change to Chicago
4,^ days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN:
Trains are lllumtnated by Plntsch Gas,
run Into Union Depots, and Baggage
Is checked through to Destinatloi
Lowest Rates.
For Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
J. H. LOTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. Agent
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
"No Community is Prosperous Whose ^People sure Not Employed"
lYou Need Our Factories!
i
Patronize
Home
\ Industry
<► M. ZAN, President
;; E. H KILHAM, Yiee Pre*
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦ M ♦♦■♦ 4 ♦♦♦♦ M ♦ ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+-
YOU preach this doctrine, now practice it You say you
love yow noma, now show it. Yau say the community
should be awe prosperous, keep your money at home. You
admit we manufacture over tow hundred articles of impor-
tance as cheaply as to Eastern or foreign markets— why not
bay them? You admit that Chicago and otter thrifty dties
not so far away were made so by enterprise citteeas ; fol-
low their example. You speak of the patriotism ©f the whole
people, hence show unselfish devotion to the manufacturing
industries of Oregon.
R. J. HOLMES. Treasurer t
C H. McliAAC, Secretary ♦
^MM MM* ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦<♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦ ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦<
HAMMOND MINING
DREDGE = — j
I FOR MINING ON RIVER "BARS AND "PLACER GROUND X
ALONG WATER COURSES t
Size of Boat, 90 x 26 Feet 55 Horse-Power Automatic
Power Economic Boiler.
80 Horse- X
i
Pump Capacity 5^00 Gallons per Minute. Bketek Light Pkmt AH Machinery ♦
X Friction Driven. Steel Buckets, Steel Chain, Phosphor Bronae Busfemgs. Daily Capacity, £
' 1 e,ooo Cubic Yarfa. Now and Improved Gold Savia* AppHaaees. See Gat on Page 80. J
Writs for Estimates and Prices to
Hammond Manufacturii^ Co* |
100 First Street, Portland, Ore, t
*&*<fe&***&*4k*4
"<A Gentleman s Smoke' i
^fEPFCCT
Sp£ oBacco
A
Delightful
Blend
of Choke
Turkish,
Havana,
Perique and
Bright
Virginia
Tobaccos
PO RT LAN D h« 0 R £ . .
ABSOLUTELY PUT
WE COULD NOT IMPROVE THE QUALITY IF PAID
DOUBLE THE MONEY
25 Cents a Package, Postage Paid
<£
SEND POP SAMPLE PACKAGE
Factory No. U District of Oregon,
92 Third Street, Portland, Oregon
SlG. SlCHEL & CO. Manufacturers
S First Prke Medal Awarded at the Oregon
% Industrial Exposition, J 898
<<
1i
Mention The Pacific Monthly token Ordering i
Volume t
JANUARY
1899
Number
TEN CENTS A COPY J- J> J> J- J- ONE DOLLAR A YEAR
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUBLISHING COMPANY
PUBLISHERS J- J- J> & J> & J> J- PORTLAND, OREGON
$cri
IN our country, and in our times, no man is worthy the hon-
ored name of statesman who does not include the highest
practicable education of the people in all his plans of adminis-
tration. He may have eloquence; he may have a knowledge of
all history, diplomacy, jurisprudence; and by these he might
claim, in other countries, the elevated rank of a statesman; but,
unless he speaks, plans, labors, at all times in all places, for the
culture and edification of the whole people, he is not, he can
nor be, an American statesman.
Horace SMann.
I I
I Do You Like ^ ^ * §
I A Luxurious Meal? I
/•> W
/l\ J"**.*.***
/I* w
J "TIGER BRAND" g
/|\ Pure Spices Vti
/IS \t/
fl\ "OUR BEST" W
;}; Roasted Coffee ^
% "KUSALANA" %
/j\ Ceylon Tea $
* SI/
$ ...e^re Items... Sj/
/i> ^e^e^e which will aid materially <£*£<& SI/
f f
/IN SI/
f SI/
/IN
/ft
/IS
ASK YOUR GROCER FOR
... THEM ...
THE FIRST TIME YOU SEE HIM.
^Manufactured and yjy
Sold by J> J- J> kl m
I CORBITT & MACLEAY CO. I
| f
/|\ Portland, Oregon. sfj
/IS SI/
V~~~~~~~~ ...... J
The Pacific Monthly.
(The entire contents of this Magazine are covered by the general copyright, and articles must not be reprinted
•without special permission.)
CONTENTS FOR JANUARY, 1899.
Avalon Bay, Catalina Island, California frontispiece
Sport in the Pacific C.J. Holder 125
Illustrated. President of Pasadena Academy of Sciences.
Vashti to Ahasuerus (Poem) <Adonen 128
"That Good May Come/' (Short Story) 129
Thorns (Poem) Jlorence May Wright 131
An American Ideal Charles H. Chapman 132
President of the University of Oregon.
Retrospection (Poem) John Leisk Tait 135
Through Winter's Snows (Short Story) Walter Cavley 'Belt, M.D.... 136
The Dynamics of Speech Robert W. Douthat, Ph. D. . . . 137
As Introduced by Philosophy. Prof, of Latin in University of West Virginia.
The Voice of the Silence 141
The first chapters of a new continued story. The writer will be unnamed
for the present.
The University of "Washington Edmond S. Meany 149
Illustrated. Prof, of History, University of Washington.
Man (Poem) Cotvper 152
DEPARTMENTS:
Our Point of View (Editorial) 153
The Magazines 157
To the Oregon Grape (Poem) /. W. Whalley 160
The Month 161
Some Day I Shall Meet My Love (Poem) Lischen M. Miller 163
Books .- 164
College Correspondence 166
A Boy's King (Poem) S. E. Kiser 168
Drift 169
A Feminine Deduction.
An Etching.
Terms: — $i.oo a year in advance; io cents a copy. Subscribers should remit to us in P. O. or express
money-orders, or in bank checks, drafts, or registered letters.
Agents for The Pacific Monthly are wanted in every locality, and the publishers offer unusual in-
ducements to first-class agents. Write for our terms.
Manuscript "sent to The Pacific Monthly will not be returned after publication unless definite in-
structions to that effect with stamps accompany letters enclosing manuscript.
Address all correspondence, of whatever nature, to
alex. sweek, Prest. THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. CO.,
J. THORBURN ROSS, Vice Prest. . . „.,.. nrvfVrl A.lrw ^ncrr™
W. B. WELLS, Manager. MacIea3> Bu.ld.ng, PORTLAND, OREGON.
LISCHEN M. MILLER, Asst. Manager.
Copyrighted 1899 by William Bittle Wells.
Entered at the Post Office at Portland, Oregon, Oct. 17, 1898, as second-class matter.
The publishers of The Pacific Monthly will esteem it a favor if readers of the Magazine will kindly
mention The Pacific Monthly when dealing with our advertisers.
PRESS OF THE ELLIS PRINTING CO., 105 First st , Portland, Ore.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
SEND TO US FOR PRICES ON
We are Manufacturers of the
Celebrated
Maltese Gross Brand
of Rubber Belt f
Ajax Brand Cotton
Mill Hose...
Rubber and
Leather
Belting...
ft guiio PfifdB ! Mkr inlclii Co.
87=89 FIRST STREET, PORTLAND, ORE.
RUSSELL & CO
A. H. AVERILL,
Manager.
MANUFACTURERS OF
High Grade,
Engines, Boilers,
Saw Mills,
Threshers...
Estimates furnished on Stearn Plants of all Sizes and for
any purpose. Write for Catalogues.
RUSSELL & CO., = Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MO NTH I Y-ADVERTISING SECTION.
|£> ALL-Bearing Type-Bar Joints and Fixed
r^-^ Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unimpair-
able Alignment, Lightest Key Action. The
Most Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work.
Carriage locks at end of line, protecting the
writing. Compact Shift Keyboard. Numer-
ous Handy Features. Address for full par-
ticulars,
United Typewriter & Supplies Co.
No 232 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Wrrma BR ANDES BROS.
Vienna. Proprietors.
cModel "Bakery^
CHOICE PASTRY and
FANCY CAKES....
FRESH BREAD OF ALL KINDS. |
Telephone 547'. & 390 Morrison Street. 1
Muirhead & Murhard
Contractors tor
FINE PLUMBING
Steam and Hot Water Heating
Apparatus
..343 Washington Street..
PORTLAND, ORE. '
H. H. WRIGHT
THE
NEW
MUSIC
STORE
Y.M.C.A.
BLDG.
Cor. 4th
& Yamhill
The Latest Music at Half Price. The Finest Strings in
the City. Violins, Guitars, Mandolins, Banjos.
Pianos to sell or rent. Instruments Repaired,
Tuned, Rented.
SURETY BONDS
Capital and surplus, - $2,500,000.00
Fidelity and Deposit company
OF MARYLAND
Issues guarantee bonds to employes in posi-
tions of trust.
Court Bonds, Federal Officers,' City, County
and State Officials' Bonds issued promptly.
W. R. MACKENZIE, State Agent
208 Worcester Block, PORTLAND, OREGON
Telephone Main 986
Cawston & Co.,
Dealers in
Engines and Boilers,
Wood-Working Machinery,
...Iron-Working Tools and Supplies...
48 & 50 First Street
PORTLAND, ORE.
Blake's Single and Duplex Pumps.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Use-
THE TELEPHONE INDEX
cA time sa'ber for business men, and the only Index pub-
lished giving both Companies numbers*
PRICE, $2.00 PER YEAR*
For Advertising Space or Subscription, address
G. H. AYDELOTTE, Telephones
No. 5 Raleigh Bldg., Portland, Ore.
Oregon Main S16.
Columbia 238.
i ' ' ' \ CAN BE OBTAINED ONLY
: r\ f i ...Through a Complete...
\ Metallic Circuit For each subscriber> and
I Telephone I — — No Party Lines-
i Service
THE COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY
Alone has these Advantages.
I OFFICES, 606-607 Oregonian Building,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
LATEST STYLES
And First-Class
Jewelry, Diamonds, Watches and Silverware
AT MODERATE PRICES**
A. FELDENHEIMER,
COR. THIRD AND WASHINGTON STS.
PORTLAND, ORE.
I
Louis G. Plunder..... j>
***the gLORIST {
\
i
i
CHOICE ROSES a specialty
FLORAL WORK artistically arranged
OFFICE AND STORE
427 Washington St. Portland, Ore. I
TELEPHONE MAIN 4S4 K
Roseville Nurseries, Grounds and Greenhouses \
at Mount Tabor. Xv
IC.C.CLINEOILl PAINT CO.
1 J44 FIRST STREET
S PORTLAND, ORE.
^ Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
I PURE PAINTS, OILS AND VARNISHES
M Doors, Windows, Plate and W.ndow Glass,
WALL. PAPER,
fAnd the General Lines of
BUILDING MATERIAL.
L Glazing a Specialty. Columbia Phone 290
SJSiaMLajSMLOMSMLajafS^^
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—ADVER TISING SECTION. v
W. H. McMONlES
Wholesale Manufacturer ol
Harness, Horse Collars and Leather Specialties ;,..
Jobber of SADDLERY HARDWARE, Etc.
Ladies' & cents; Beits -4 Front Street, Portland, Ore.
Mexican Hand Stamped Work *r* *
Telephone Oregon Main 517
Consolidated University ^-^^^
( Portland - Puget Sound )
lbe Leading Educational Institution of lacific Northwest
Offers Thorough and Extensive Instruction in all the
Solid Branches of Education ... EXPENSES LOW...
Winter Term Begins January 3, 1899
Write for Particulars to
Chancellor C R. THOBURN, S. T. D., University Park, Oregon
Northwestern Mutual Life
OF MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Grants more Insurance for the Same Cost or the Same Insurance
at Lower Cost than any other Company.
Largest Purely American Company.
Official Reports of State Insurance Departments Represent it to be the
Strongest and Best
For Terms, Address
S. T. L0CKW00D & SON, General Agents,
Concord Building, Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
John H. Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commercial Block, PORTLAND, ORE.
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorneys at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
Russell E. Sewall, R. R. Giltner
District Attorney
GILTNER & SEWALL
Attorneys at Law
Offices, 508-509 Commercial Building
PORTLAND, OREGON
SAMUEL J. BRUN
Attorney and Counselor at Law
sixth floor, mills building
San Francisco, Cal.
Practices in all the Courts
Library Association of Portland
24.000 Volumes and over 200 Per odicals.
$5.00 a Year and $1.50 a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS- From 9 A. M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Sundays
and Holidays.
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK.
NO MORE HALF = SOLEING
"LEATHER-INE"
Applied to Sol-s and Heels of Boots and Shoes makes
them outlast the uppers, and thoroughly water-proof.
Greatest Money-Saver Ever Invented.
By Mail, 25 Cents Per Bottle. Agents Wanteo.
WALTER W. GEORGE, 150 Nassau St., N. Y.
William Jrederic <Diers
'Penmanship cArtist
office and studio
418 The dekum
PORTLAND, OREGON
MRS. L. M. ROBERTSON
No. 202 Marquam Building, PORTLAND, "OREGON
Fashionable Suits $5 up. Latest French Styles
Satisfaction Guaranteed
Alaska Mines "*JK£|'B*
Printed matter describing Alaska sent for 26 Cents in
Stamps.
MILLER & DAVIDSON
JUNEAU, ALASKA
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OF NEW BOOKS AND MAGAZINES
25 Cents per Month
■» JONES' BOOK STORE*
Tfie Blumauer-FranR Drug Co.
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
291 Alder Street,
Portland. Oregon
The Californian Combination
A New Sanitary Suit for Baby in Short Clothes
A unique pattern for waist and drawers in one piece with stocking supporter attachment. It fur-
nishes complete protection to the body in flannel, dispenses with bands, petticoats and numerous pins and
buttons.
For Bathing and Gymnasium Costume Unexcelled
For full description see Trained Motherhood, this number.
Pattern with full directions will be mailed upon receipt of 25 cents. Sizes one and two-year old. The
garments in shrunk flannel, natural and white, will be sent upon receipt of $1.00. Apply for patterns, cir-
culars and sample garments to Mrs. H. OTIS BRUm, Stanford University, California.
j&CC ^C8SC8^C8^CtCe^C^X8^»^^C83»»^ &C82tfS.C833C83*
When dealing with our advertisers. kinUly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
vii
Oregon 'Phone Black 984. Portland Agent for
Columbia 658. Albany (Oregon)
Woolen Mills.
Civil and
flilitary Tailor,
n
Rooms 1, 2, 3, 12, 1 3, up-stairs.
Entrance, 88HThird St.
PORTLAND,
OREGON.
\ THE BLUE MOUNTAIN \
\ ITceijfuel I
j Company* |
T. J. GORMAN, MANAGER.
I COAL .. COKE .. ICE |
247 Stark Street, I
I Both Phones. PORTLAND, ORB. |
-|IHll>kl>l>»ltn*<tl>li/>n,l<ll>li,1tlM<l'l>l'li>Sr-l.l<blM,l<>#lif1tlMaMk>>h<l>">i
•4 • .■»•,••.•.)•»».»/•:•>•,•;•■)♦»>•.■•*'.*.'•,».••••••.*
Matting and Rag Sale... j
We have a large stock of China Matting •
imported before the new tariff, and now j
want to reduce our stock, and will sell at 2
GREATLY REDUCED PRICES
Thousands of Remnant Pieces from i to 25 «
yards, will be offered at great bargain prices. $
Also Japanese and Chinese Curios, Europ-
ean and Domestic Toys, Fireworks,
Flags, Etc. Will furnish Catalogue
• upon application.
Andrew Kan & Co.,
Hong Kong and Yokohama Importing House,
Cor. 4th & Morrison St., Portland, Ore.
'„•»••• 3«O«0»C*C«C •"••••••••• • ••••••• e '
The G* Heitkemper Co*
WATCHMAKERS
JEWELERS and
SILVERSMITHS
249 Morrison St., PORTLAND, OREGON
^>^>^>CBEG to announce the arrival of a large,
ne<w and nvell selected slock of the most beauti-
ful things in Jeivelry, Watches, Silverware and
Novelties. Your inspection is invited <£ <£ <£
Our Strong Point— SILVERWARE.
Inquiries by mail promptly answered.
e: j!&wsii!§!isili^^
H. W. CORBETT
Vice President
J. W. Newkirk
Asst. Cashier
E. WlTHINGTON 6S
Cashier
W. C. Alvord
2d Asst. Cashier
First
National Bank
PORTLAND, OREGON
COR. FIRST AND WASHINGTON STS.
AD" CAREFULLY!
\ Remarkable and
Unprecedented
^ Opportunity
For mothers who wish
to buy Suits or Over-
coats for their boys,
and for men who wish
to get The Best that
is made.
25
PER CENT. DISCOUNT
On any Suit or Overcoat
in our house to any one
who will cut out this ' ad"
and bring it when pur-
chasing goods.
All the latest s-hapes and styles in Hart, Schaff-
ner & Marx— celebrated goods— at a saving
of 25 per cent, less than prices elsewhere
for ordinary goods.
PRICES— $7.50, 8.50, 10, 12, 15, 18 and $20
\
1
SAWL ROSENBLATT & CO, |
Clothiers, Hatters and Furnishers, A
LESS DISCOUNT WITH AD.
193.195 First St., Cor. Taylor,
Portland, Ore. A
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
viii THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
MORTGAGE LOANS
On Improved
Portland City Property
In sums from $500 to $500,000 at lowest current interest rates.
np|^-1 /-kg Abstracted and Insured against
I I LIC^ Defect or Loss.
irilStS Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND TRUST CO.
FIND US IN OUR NEW OFFICES,
FOURTH STREET ENTRANCE
WM. m. LADD, President.
J. THORBURN ROSS, MANAGER.
T. T. BURKHART, ASST. SECRETARY.
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING,
PORTLAND, ORE.
A STOVE
That has given satisfaction to every customer
for forty-six years
THE NAME IS
CHARTER OAK
We carry a foil line, as well as a complete line of
HARDWARE, TINWARE, CUTLERY AND ALUMINUM WARE.
cADOLPH c4. <DEKUM
lit first St., Gadsby 'Block
raS@ISfSI5li]cgS@iSJSS]i0OS@lilSlSISISIllSISIQS@SS
-JOHNCRAN&CO.i
Specialties in
HOSIERY, UNDERWEAR,
DRESS GOODS, LINENS,
M Handkerchiefs, White Goods, Laces, Etc.
286 WASHINGTON
STREETS J* J*
Portland,
Oregon. |
When dealing with our advertisers
S. G* Skidmore & Co*
Cut-Rate
Druggists
We give special attention to Prescriptions and
the selection of High Grade Bristle Goods.
kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
a
(5
1
69
The Pacific Monthly.
cOoU 1
JANUARY, 1899
&Co. 4
Sport in the Pacific.
<By C. J. HOLDER, 'President of the Pasadena. (Calif.) cAcademy of Sciences.
U
LOOK out, sir!"
Zip-zee-zee-ee! and three hun-
dred feet of line went humming,
screaming from the big reel. The warn-
ing from the boatman and the music oi
the reel came at one and the same time,
telling of the great game fish of Santa
Catalina that was now towing the boat
astern and ever and anon tearing off feet
and yards of line. There was no deny-
ing the excitement. I had heard of the
tuna fever, a cousin to buck fever, that is
so infectious in California waters, and in
those few seconds of the strike and first
rush of the tuna I was forced to confess
that the half had not been told. I was
driving a veritable wild horse of the sea
and with a single rein.
We had been moving slowly up Ava-
lon bay on a sea of glass. The sun was
yet behind the hills and the Eastern sky
was flushed with crimson. Back of us
rose the purple hills of Avalon, rapidly
changing color and forming a rare pic-
ture, as they encompassed the great am-
phitheater of Grand Canon. From out
to sea came the cry of a laughing gull,
and a long line of shags flying low were
passing south to their favorite feeding
grounds, where the green swells came
rolling in upon the great sphinx that
with stony glare looked into the West.
The morning was cool, the air tempered
to a semi-tropical condition that sug-
gested palms and banana trees. The
thoughts of the fisherman who sat hold-
ing the rod were far away when the
water suddenly boiled twenty yards
astern as though there had been a mimic
submarine explosion, then something
that gleamed brightly came rushing
along at the surface and the song of the
reel rose on the air — Zee-zee!
It was a point of record that but twen-
ty-four members of the Tuna Club had
succeeded in landing a tuna of over ioo
pounds. I was desirous of emulating
them; but I could well believe the
stories I had heard of the strength and
hypnotizing power of the fish. It rushed
away with 600 or 700 feet of line before
I could make any impression; then as I
succeeded in stopping it I could feel a
slacking of the line, could see a swirl of
gleaming silver, then the line became
entirely slack. He was gone. No?
"Reel, reel, sir, for your life!" cried
the boatman.
I stood up and plied the handle of the
big multiplier with all the vigor I pos-
sessed, and for a moment saw a magnif-
icent blue-backed fish coming toward me
like an arrow from a bow. The tuna
was running in on the line, and as he
caught a glimpse of the boat he turned
and dashed away again, taking all the
line gained and more, and plunged deep
into the ocean. He was a mighty sulker,
and I later saw a tuna continue this un-
til reeled in, coming to the surface tail
126
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
first as dead as the proverbial flounder.
This tuna was an erratic fellow. He
soon gave up sulking and came to the
surface to wheel about the boat in great
circles; now submitting to the reeling-in
process; now rushing away, hammering
at the line with sturdy blows, to rise and
repeat the rushing-in trick time and
again. The endurance point would soon
have been reached and another angler
of small yellow fins or finarettes reach-
ing back from the dorsal and neutral fins
and some idea of the tuna may be had —
the fish that towed our boat at least five
miles and performed prodigies of valor.
The tunas were leaping all about us,
but one such fish was enough pleasure
and excitement and we turned toward
Avalon. It was the perfection of sea
fishing; being twenty miles out to sea in
reduced hors de combat by the tuna
when a decided lapse was perceptible.
The struggles were not so furious, and
the big fish could be reeled in. On he
came, running around the boat. "Gent-
ly!" whispered the boatman, fingering
his gaff nervously. "Now, sir!" A gen-
tle swing and the big gaff hook slipped
beneath the white belly of the fish and a
few seconds later he slides into the boat,
nearly six feet of gleaming blue and sil-
ver; eyes big and staring; head powerful,
beating the bottom with blows that fairly
threaten the boat.
Imagine a mackerel weighing 150
pounds, colored as described, with rows
water as clear as crystal, yet the tuna
grounds were in shore along the rocky
cliffs of the picturesque island.
The tuna is the game fish par excel-
lence of these waters; a famous leaper
and the most powerful fish of its size
known. On the records of the Tuna
Club are accounts of boats being towed
from seven to twenty miles, and nearly
every fish caught made a struggle worthy
of record. The largest tuna taken with
rod and reel weighed 183 pounds and
fought its captor, the president of the
club, four hours.
The club, with its three hundred mem-
bers, advocates certain methods which
The second greatest catch in the %>orld l&ith rod and reel.
128
THE PACIFIC MONTHL Y.
are religiously followed, and it offers a
gold medal which is fished for every year
and held by the angler taking the larg-
est tuna. The line allowed is a 24-strand,
which gives the fish every chance, sug-
gestive of the idea which holds among
the members of the Tuna Club which is
to protect game fishes and give them
every advantage.
Tuna fishing is a popular one at Santa
Catalina, which is 3! hours from Los An-
geles, and in May, June and July the
island is the Mecca of sportsmen from
almost every state in the Union. The
waters of California teem with game fish.
In the south the yellow tail is taken with
rod and reel from San Diego to Santa
Catalina and beyond to the islands off
Santa Barbara. The sea bass and black
sea bass are others. The latter is taken
at Santa Catalina on rod and reel up to
327 pounds, the record being held by F.
V. Rider, secretary of the Tuna Club,
who took a fish of this size on 24-strand
line in 50 minutes.
The ordinary sea bass is taken all
along shore to San Francisco, specimens
weighing 75 and 100 pounds having been
brought to gaff. San Luis Obispo is a
famous place for these gamey fish, while
at the mouth of the Santa Inez steelheads
tipping the scales at 20 pounds delight
the wielder of rod and reel. The variety
of game fishes which can be taken along
the Pacific shores is remarkable. The
salmon comes into Monterey in July and
affords great sport to San Franciscoans
who go to Santa Cruz and various places
along shore and catch the gamey fish in
great numbers. This sport has made the
harbors and bays of the country along
the coast to the north famous in the an-
nals of sport.
Vashti to Ahasucrus.
"And when the wrath of the king was ap-
peased, he thought of Vashti. — (Esther 1:2.)
We had a bitter, bitter feud,
My angry lord and I;
And men said, "Oft is Fate thus rude,
So passes Love to die."
But oh I laughed in my glad heart,
For well, well could I see,
That never earthly quarrel could part
For long my king and me.
The dark-haired Esther on his arm
At night sleeps by his side;
All wonder that I wish no harm
To her, who is his bride.
Beloved! 'tis only I who know
The thought that breaks thy rest,
Thy soul yearns for the long ago,
When I lay on thy breast!
Some day they'll say, "Thy lord is dead.':
Then wonder much to see
My eyes yet sparkle, lips still red,
Not pale as grief should be.
My own, not death, wedlock or pain
Can stop Love's mighty sway;
And we shall kiss and love again,
When these have passed away.
c/ldonen.
"That Good May Come."
TWO people, a man and a woman,
were sitting in a well-furnished
room on the ground floor of a
house where apartments were to be let.
There was the glare of the warm May
sun on the road outside, and the noise of
passing carriages containing daintily
dressed women, with fair, expressionless
faces, as befitted those bent on a weary
round of afternoon calls.
The man sat close to the window with
a cigar between his teeth. The girl had
chosen an armchair near the door, which
communicated with the bedroom beyond.
He was dark and handsome, and, with-
out being stout, had a certain sleek, com-
fortable appearance which gave an air of
strength to the whole figure. There was
nothing to find fault with in the man, or
in his clothes, and yet some small irreg-
ularity of feature would have been wel-
come. He looked too neat, too self-pos-
sessed, too well-contented with himself.
His young wife was dressed in black,
for since her marriage she had lost her
mother. She was tall and slim and fair-
haired. Her eyes were blue, her face re-
fined, and her hands, long-fingered and
white, were clasped together nervously.
She glanced at the man in silence many
times before she took courage and spoke
what had been in her thoughts for some
weeks.
He had been a successful author, full
of interesting ideas, anxious to discuss
literary politics, ambitious to get on in
his profession — a being to look up to and
respect, before she married him. The
novels may have merely shown talent,
not genius, the ideas may have been sec-
ond-hand, the ambition simply vanity,
but she could not know these things.
He had naturally frivoled during the
Paris honeymoon, and she had been glad
to feel that they were, for the time,
equals; that they could play at being
children, and laugh and be lazy, and let
the serious side of life go by unrealized
or forgotten. But the real secret of her
love for him lay in her admiration of a
superior intellect, her gladness at being
able to lean on a nature stronger than
her own. To the young Scotch girl, her
education seemed to begin when she met
her future husband. While they waited
till their house in London was ready for
them (they had been hurriedly sum-
moned from abroad by the news of her
mother's illness), she realized a dull sense
of her husband's lazy, indolent life and
vapid conversation. She admitted to
herself at last that he was a different
man. She thought that, if she did not
inspire him to work, she could at least
encourage him.
"Gerald," she said, "you never write
now."
He turned slowly; all his movements
were deliberate. "No," he said.
"Why not?"
"I don't feel in the mood."
"Will the right mood return?" £
"I suppose so."
"You don't seem to care." Her voice
was sharp.
"Why should I?" he asked. "I am not
hard up just now."
They had both money enough, the wife
especially.
"But," she exclaimed, "you have al-
ready made a name. You cannot allow
your reputation to grow rusty."
He laughed good-naturally. "Dear
child, I can."
She flushed. "I want to rouse you,"
she continued. "I can't bear to see you
forgetting your work, and all you lived
in connection with it, for no reason."
"You are the reason. I love vou in-
stead."
"O, but that is awful, Gerald!" She
rose and crossed the room. "I dare not
be to blame for your loss of ambition. I
dread the consequences for us both. O,
I love vou; don't be afraid. I worship
yon quite foolishly, and you know I love
you. But I also depend on your strength
of character. I take pride in your genius,
I admire your brain, just as I cling to the
man who is everything in the world to
me. I am not clever myself. I move in a
small, narrow circle of people, well-bred,
130
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
I admit, but neither very 'smart,' to use
an odious word, nor very interesting-, as
Bohemians are interesting. I have nor-
row conventional notions for myself. I
shrink from the freemasonry of women
who smoke, and talk 'shop,' and go
everywhere alone, just because they
write for the papers. Your men friends
frighten me; they have tidings of the lat-
est discovery, the latest news at the edge
of their lips, while I never glance at a
newspaper without just missing the one
thing you consider worth reading. But
then I know that I have been so trained
to keep to my own particular path in the
world, that I should lose your love by
making myself ridiculous and being un-
natural if I tried to alter my whole life
now. You see, dear, I appreciate what I
cannot attain. Many women are the
same — women born old-fashioned, who
feel what they never speak about to any
one. I have merely the courage to con-
fess to you."
"And all this" — he was astonished, but
his eyes twinkled — "all this leads to —
what?"
"To my greater courage in venturing
to beg you to be more yourself."
"Have I changed?" The man's voice
was hard and suspicious.
"Yes, dear," she faltered; "you have —
a little — you don't write."
"Good God! I need a holiday badly
enough."
"You are so lazy, Gerald, about every-
thing. You see, darling, I want to be
able to lean on you, to rely on your ad-
vice, to be able to count on your help in
so many things. I should not complain
if I had not been able to do that before,
but I must speak when I see you so lazy
and indifferent. Gerald, you move and
talk as if nothing mattered. There is no
business connected with our new home
which you will undertake if you can help
it. You simply drift where the mood
takes you, and, if your love for me were
not just the same, I should believe that
you were weary of everything, including
myself."
He frowned and stared into the street.
"Am I so changed as that?"
She had said all by then, and was
grieved to have distressed him, although
she could not wholly grieve because her
words had taken effect. She knelt down
by his chair and put her arms around
him. .
He turned his head and looked down
at her.
"I dare say that you are right, little
woman. I'll think about it, and get to
work again." He sighed. "I have lost
sight of everything but you. I want no
friends, no other interests, no other ties.
I only" — he bent low — "want your
kisses; kiss me — kiss me/'
She obeyed, and was glad he was not
vexed with her. She did not realize that
the man had a passionate craving for a
woman's caresses and a woman's sym-
pathy, which might lead him, in later
days, to be well pleased with these things
from the lips and hearts of other women.
He was merely for the moment taking
refuge in the gratification of the feeling
which had led him to desert his former
life and former ambitions. But she had
brought the past vividly before him, and
as she sank into a sitting posture, with
one arm across his knees, his face (which
she could not see) was stern and worried.
His hand touched her fair hair gently, for
he was very tender with women, and
wished to assure her that nothing in her
words had wounded him; but he gazed
moodily at the bright street, and his
thoughts were far from the girl by his
side.
He suffered acutely. The child whom
he loved and adored had evoked the
memory of another beautiful face, with
the great mass of black hair lying1 in a
loose knot in the nape of a white neck,
the dark eyes flashing scorn into his own,
the deep musical voice, strong with pas-
sion, reading a burial service over all his
ambition, all his past beliefs.
"Go," she had said; "go and marry this
mad fancy, this pink-and-white daisy.
Throw your pen away, and forget that
you have worked for men and women, in
the arms of one simple girl. But be con-
tent with the life you have chosen. Come
no more to me for sympathy, for help in
your work or interest in your career.
The latter is finished. Gerald Stanley
the author is dead from this time to the
end of all things, and the woman who
helped to make him what he was
resigns him to the woman who has
" THA T GOOD SMA Y COME. ' '
131
crushed his energies, and will live to
know his name forgotten. When you
have lost me, you will know what I have
been to you."
He knew at last — he was to know
more later, when evil was done that good
might come.
"I think," said Maisie, after a long
silence, "that I should like to go out.
We might go and see your sister. Will
you come?"
Maisie sat up in bev bed, her hair in
pretty disorder, and rubbed her eyes.
"What did you say?" she muttered.
"I was so sleepy, I had to go to bed.
You dined with the publisher, didn't
you?"
"I am glad you got my wire." (She
was staring at his face, he was so very
white.)
"The book is accepted," he added,
much as he might have said that it would
probably rain the next day.
She clapped her hands with delight.
"O, Gerald!" She was one of those
women who put on a certain dignity in
the daytime, and become delightfully
girlish when they reach their bedrooms.
She laughed and congratulated him, and
drew him down to kiss her, and chatted
of her pride in him and her love for him,
until the pain he suffered made his lips
and hands grow cold. She was serious
at once.
"You are tired, dear?"
He made up his mind that he would
tell her that the book had been inspired,
and he himself, encouraged and aided,
by a woman of whom he had never
spoken and whom she had never seen.
He was sick with remorse, but the words
would not come.
"Gerald, darling," she whispered ten-
derly, "do you know what I have been
longing to say to you for some time?
You are your old self."
He started violently. She laid her
head on his shoulder, and continued
softly: "When I first begged you to re-
sume work, when I first reproached you
for leading an idle, aimless existence, I
fancied that I had done wrong, for you
were made miserable by what I had said,
and for over a month we were not very
happy, dear, you and I. Then you
found yourself. You began to work;
you were 'adorable' to me; you thought
and talked as in the old days; you had
the same ideas; you were the man I lost
my heart to, and have loved ever since.
And then this book. Who woke your
sleeping faculties into life, sir, but your
stupid wife? So I, too, have my little
share in your work, as in your heart. I
am so proud of you, my husband! And
you are not angry because I scolded you
for being lazy, are you, darling?"
"No," he answered. "Angry with
you? God help me!"
"O, I'm glad you're changed again,
and I'm so happy!"
The man tried to speak, and failed.
There was a pause. Then a voice, un-
like his own, asked slowly:- "You are —
what?"
"Happy — O, so happy!" repeated the
girl.
Thorns.
It lies in my hand,
A dead, dead rose;
Not lovely now, but it once was fair.
No sweets are shed
From its petals dead,
But its thorns are sharp as ever they were.
It lies in my heart,
A dead, dead love;
Nor hope, nor happiness brings to me,
A faded flower,
It has lived its hour;
But its thorns are sharp as they used to be.
Florence SMay Wright
An American Ideal.
<By CHARLES H. CHAPMAN, <Ph. CD., President of the University of Oregon.
**|N our childhood we are near to God.
The angels still visit and whisper
news from the unforgotten realms
we have left behind."
So sings the poet of immortality.
Fresh from the Creator's hand; nay,
trailing after us clouds of glory from
the Eternal we come into this world of
filth and deformity. It does not take
long for the clouds of glory to fade
away; but there is a time between child-
hood and manhood, before God has shut
away his face and the everlasting doors
turning on their golden hinges have
come between us and our home, when
life in one great throb of strength and
hope. We feel then that no task is too
hard for us, that no prize is too high,
that all things great and worthy are pre-
destined for our use. It is in that gold-
en prime that the youth reads in his
book of one who cut his way upward in
a rocky cliff, climbing ever higher while
his companions stood below and
watched him. There were names on the
limestone, cut by hands now feeble in
old age or dead and in their graves, and
over them all was one name — a name
once mighty to charm the soul of youth
to high endeavor — it was the name of
Washington. "I will climb," said the
boy, setting his teeth, "above that name,
and I will cut my own higher than his."
He reads of that youth, with a swelling
heart, and whether it be through starva-
tion and penury, or whether on the gild-
ed rounds of the ladder which his friends
have raised for him he feels that he, too,
can climb and must climb, and he wills
to cut his name high up beside the un-
dying records of the great men gone be-
fore.
In the nation, too, there is a spring-
time when greatness is easier than it can
ever be again. Nations grow cynical in
their old age, and as grey-beards laugh
at the enthusiasms of youth, so in their
decreoitude nations smile at the rude
zeal of their early heroes. There was a
time when we made legends and heroic
tales about Washington and Clay and
Ethan Allen. We make no more legends
and heroic tales; we smile when we hear
them and the newspapers turn them to
jest in their columns of fun.
"Imperial Caesar dead and turned to
clay, might stop a hole to keep the wind
away."
In our nation this springtime closed
with the war of the rebellion. We still
have men of eminence, but they are a
very different race from those of the
generations before the war. The men
now coming into prominence in public
life are mostly rich; the conditions
which once made it' possible for a poor
man to reach exalted eminence have al-
most passed away. Let us hope that
their absence is only for a time, and that
they will again return. I do not believe
that the unscrupulous, selfish man of
great wealth who now parades in his
brutal pomp upon the stage of our pub-
lic life is the typical American; or that
the conditions which have produced him
are to be permanently satisfactory to our
people. They are not the conditions
which in a former epoch produced our
great men — our Washingtons, our
Franklins, our Marshalls, our Lincolns.
Let us consider for a few minutes the
conditions which could produce such a
man as Lincoln and put them side by
side with those which are turning out
our Tweeds, our Crokers and our
Goulds. Let us call the man produced
by these conditions the old-fashioned
educated American. This man of whom
I speak was generally born on a farm,
but his parents were not peasants. He
had good blood in his veins, his ances-
tors were free men and they were
healthy. The man born with the poten-
tiality of greatness in him does not come
from a stock bestialized by tyranny,
whether it be the tyranny of an imperious
cAN cAMERICAN IDEAL.
133
monarch or the tyranny of a wage-
master. The soul once crushed under a
master's power, be the master a slave-
driver with his whip and bloodhounds
or a corporation armed with an injunc-
tion from the United States courts — the
soul once crushed cannot arise in a sin-
gle generation and assert its wings in
the high air of freedom. The free soul
must be born free. Here is the curse of
our wage system. It keeps multitudes
of citizens hanging for the bread of life
upon the word of a master. Slaves in
all but the name.
The education which trained the great
American for his life work was a severe
one; to live through it and come out
with a store of energy for future use he
needed a robust body to start with. The
life of a city is full of intellectual stimu-
lus, but it has not produced the loftiest
thinkers, and it tends to degenerate the
moral and physical fibre of the race.
Great thinking which takes into account
the problems of eternity must grow in
the vast calm of nature's solitudes.
Not in London, but in his country
home, with green orchards around him,
Newton solved the problem of the in-
organic universe; and in another coun-
try home Darwin deciphered for us the
story of our origin. Almost all men
who have attained to greatness have
passed their youth in the country. Our
typical American was born in the coun-
try on his father's farm. Barefooted and
bareheaded he played with nature in his
childhood, and she took him to her
bosom and mothered him. The birds
sang to him, and he knew their lan-
guage as all our fathers knew it in the
springtime of the world; the sun kissed
him and bathed him with light; the liv-
ing things of the fields and woods were
his companions ; the stars in their mighty
march across the heavens perpetually
sang to him, hymning the greatness and
the mystery of God.
To the present generation such a
childhood may have lost its charm. Its
stern simplicity, its pagan health, the
rude self-helpfulness which came from
it are perhaps less pleasing to us than
the pinched cheek, the slender frame,
the politer manners of the city child.
But the city child blossoms too young.
The aloe fills out the rude and homely
bulk of its prickly leaves for a hundred
years before it flowers; to make a man
you must have a childhood of placid,
unconscious, natural growth, free from
the pernicious influence of too many
books and of fashion. Books are the
curse of childhood. In that precious
period when impressions are stamped
upon the mind never to be erased it is
things, realities that the budding man
should deal with; he should learn to
look at things as they are; he should
learn that iron is heavy and ice is cold
by holding the iron and the ice in his
hand. He will then know that no
amount of idle wishing will make the
iron lighter or the ice warmer. While
the modern child sits stooped over his
book, our old-fashioned American was
learning to use his eyes and his hands
in the freedom of the fields and woods.
We are coming back slowly and tenta-
tively to this system of pedagogy as if it
were a new and untried thing. We are
now and then allowing our children to
take their noses out of their books and
learn to use the hands which must earn
their bread; but it is with fear and
trembling, we are horribly afraid that
our primary schools may turn out a
breed of mechanics, carpenters and en-
gineers. So far they have produced a
great variety of breeds (among them the
stock of Coxey's army), but I cannot see
that a generation of capable and honest
workmen would be a thing to dread or a
falling off from past achievements. Our
old-fashioned American went to school
and he had a book. He went to school
barefooted, with patches on the knees of
his trousers and on other regions not
visible in front. His face was sunburned
and freckled; and his hair stuck out
through a hole in his straw hat. His
book was a venerable volume inherited
from his father before him. The torn
pages were rich with grease and sound
morality; and he learned to read them;
he ciphered a little in his arithmetic and
he learned to write. This ended his
primary schooling. Grown into a rugged
youth with huge bones and mighty mus-
cles, he panted to take his piace among
active men and wreak his energy upon
the world. He took his axe and went
134
THE PACIFIC §MONTHLY.
into the woods or he followed his team
with his hands upon the plow handles,
proud and happy that he was a man and
could earn a living for himself. But he
was not a man, he was only a boy. Free
and strong and calm, he knew nothing
of the slumbering forces within his soul.
He walked with God all day and at night
he slept the dreamless sleep of holy
youth. God looked upon him and loved
him. The whole universe loved and
helped him, for he was a harmonious
part of the strong cosmos. We have all
read with reverential awe the tale of Jay
Gould's life; how he went to New York
with a few cents in this pocket and rose
to wreck the railroads and own the tele-
graphs of a great nation. Frequently
our great magazines and newspapers
call upon the youth of America to revere
the memory and emulate the deeds of a
similar one. It was not to dreams of
great wealth, of wrecked railroads and
plundered nations, that our old-fash-
ioned American boy awoke. I am 'al-
most afraid to tell you what his ideals
were — they were so boy-ilke,- so coun-
trified, so primitive. Our young man
began to dream of fame. He would be
a great general, a great poet, a great
doctor or lawyer, he would go to con-
gress and rise to be president of the
United States, and nowhere in the noble
old books over which he pored did he
read the praise of riches, but on every
page there ran the tale of bravery, faith
and patriotic virtue; he read how noble
it is ta live and die, not for yourself but
for your country; he read how Socrates
went down to death for the truth, how
Brutus loved his country better than his
friend, and how the Spartan heroes stood
and died on that memorable day at
Thermopylae because it was their duty
so to die.
The foundation of intellectual great-
ness is a sound body, and this our young
American had. He had spent the first
quarter of his life in training it and let-
ting it grow. Then came his mind's
turn. He took to reading and borrowed
all the books in the neighborhood. Kind
old ladies lend him volumes of poetry
carefully wrapped in newspapers; the
village lawyer lent him his speeches of
Webster and his Shakespeare; the min-
ister contributed a History of the Ref-
ormation. In this period of awakening
the hunger of the mind is insatiable;,
everything is interesting, everything is
food. At their first outlook into the
world of knowledge the eyes see all
things in sunlight.
The next scene in the young man's
educational history was the college. He
had to earn money to pay his way.
Sometimes he chopped cordwood, some-
times he taught school, but in one way
and another the money was generally
found. At college he may have done
chores to pay his board, or he may have
kept bachelor's hall, but in some way he
got through. At a fearful expense of
time and energy he did finally fight his
way to graduation and came out into the
world a proud and happy bachelor of
arts. Compared with the great founda-
tions of our time the college which he
attended was a poor affair. Its buildings
were small and cheap; there was no
elaborate outfit of apparatus; the pro-
fessors were mostly old men who had
spent the vigor of their lives in preach-
ing. What had such an institution and
such men to give a young man eager for
all that is great and glorious in life?
Very little of their own perhaps, but
much which they held in trust. They
could give him and they did give him
the grand tradition handed down
through the ages from generation to
generation of great and transcendent
living. They taught him the infinite
value of high, unselfish conduct; the
stern persistence which clings to its aim'
at the price of happiness and health and
life itself; the unique and infiinite claims
of duty upon the human soul. These
things and not its mistaken notions of
science, its tattered fragments of Greek
and Latin, were the really precious gifts
of the old-fashioned college to the young
man. These were the gifts he took
with him and built into his life, and it
was lives so built that made the glorious
first century of our nation's history.
Thus after a terrible struggle, — at a fear-
ful expense of time and strength, — here
and there a young man of those days got
himself educated. But at the present
day it will not suffice to have here and
there an educated man in the commun-
cAN cAMERICAN IDEAL.
135
ity.. The state to save itself from ruin
needs an educated generation; a whole
generation trained to use hands, and
head, to love their country, to emulate-,
the great men of its past and to work for
the stability and glory of its future.
Such a generation the state cannot have
without creating it. The state for its
own salvation must seize upon the child
and mould him into such a citizen as it
needs. Gross and dramatic dangers like
those of rebellion or foreign war rouse
the people to rational action and sub-
mission. When the government seizes
a man and makes him a soldier — takes
him from his business and his family and
exposes him to prolonged hardship and
the peril of death, no one complains or
questions its right. When the govern-
ment establishes a costly school at An-
napolis or WTest Point to train sailors
and soldiers, no one questions the justice
or expediency of the action. Yet these
schools in a certain sense are for the
few. In these great establishments a
select band of young men are receiving
a technical and highly specialized educa-
tion at the expense of all the rest. But
no one complains — the government
must have soldiers and sailors, and we all
see that in training these young men it
is working for the ultimate good of us
all.
It is easier to make a good soldier
than a good citizen. The soldier needs
only to fight well and to obey — the citi-
zen must patiently meet the problems of
civic life and solve them • correctly as
they arise day after day in endless suc-
cession. There is no commander who
can irrevocably direct his action, there
is no great day of battle and victory
when at sunset he can lay down his arms
and say "the war is over." It is truly
noble and beautiful to die for our coun-
try, but there is an ineffably superior
height of nobility and beauty in living
for our country. In a great emergency
the government can create soldiers in a
few weeks — good citizens are only pro-
duced by the labor of patient years.
For the poor as a class higher educa-
tion is forever impossible except
through schools maintained at the pub-
lic expense, and the primary schools
which can exist without the aid of higher
institutions are vain as the glitter of
witches' gold. Instruction in primary
schools always tends to aridity, formality
and barreness. The influence upon them
of higher instiutions is like, that quicken-
ing which flowed to the dead son of the
Shunamite from the body of Elijah. It
is a very wakening of the dead.
We admit without difficulty the use-
fulness of the soldier. He fights for us.
There is a tendency to doubt the ulti-
mate value of the man who merely prays
for us, but the unspeakable value of the
man who can and will think for us we
may have still to learn. And to find the
thinker, to find the great brain, the
mighty body, the generous soul — to find
the Man keen to pierce to the causes of
civic wrong, to endure the calumny
without reward and fight the long fight
that must be waged with unclean foes to
the end that the people may continue
prosperous and free — we must go among
the ranks of the self-respecting poor.
Thence they have always come, and
thence they always will come. Shut the
gate of higher knowledge to the poor
and you shut our nation from its hope of
future Franklins, Washingtons and
Lincolns. Therefore we must look to it
that the gate swings wide open and for-
ver remains so.
Retrospection.
The phantom Past, with its dear, dead faces,
Rose last night from the tomb of years;
And. clothed for an hour in its pristine graces.
Claimed my laughter, and found my tears.
Oh, not in vain to have loved and labored!
Not in vain to have hoped and feared!
Mistakes shall mortar thy stony sorrows;
And thence thy Temple of life be reared.
And over the grave of thy dead Ambition,
Shall blossom the Heartsease, wondrous
fair;
And Time distill from thy tears of anguish
A lethal perfume, sweet and rare.
John Leisk Ta.it.
Through Winter's Snows.
<By WALTER CAYLEY "BELT, §M. <2>.
THE Oregon mist was falling cheer-
lessly. The air was damp and
heavy outside, but within my room
was warm and cheerful. I was poking
aimlessly about among the odds and
ends in the bottom of my trunk. Sud-
denly I came upon a faded buckskin
moccasin, grimy and blood-stained, cut
and torn. The evergreens of Oregon
faded from my view and gazing back
across the slanting years, I beheld an-
other scene.
Night in The Great Lone Land. To
north, to south, to east, to west, as far
as the eye could reach, and beyond,
stretched the silent snow on silent plains,
a solitude so oppressive that with a sigh
I turned toward the hospital buildings,
whose dismal gray afforded the eye its
one relief from the shroud-like appear-
ance of the plains. The shadow of a man
fell across the snow. I heard a voice
say, "Pardon, are you the doctair?"
I answered in the affirmative.
"I have come too late; m' belle Marie
is dead, and I have suffer mooch with
the cold."
I saw he dragged a freighted tobag-
gan.
"I am trappair," he said. "Jean Bap-
tiste de Marechal, they call me when they
christen me in the Church of Ste. Anne
de Beauchere. 'Twas there I live, in
Beauchereville, as a boy I love Marie
Pasquod, and when I go to work for the
company as voyageur, I promise to come
back. I come, and find her wait these
years, for her great love. There in Beau-
chereville I buy me little cottage, and we
live so happy. Three children come, le
petite Marie, Franchise and little Jean.
Then I come to work for company again,
in the country of the Great Slave Lake.
I hear no news, but when I come to the
fort every year. Then I hear that small-
pox come to Beauchereville, that Fran-
cois, Marie and little Jean sleep in the
shadow of the good Ste. Anne. I go
back Quebec, and bring my Marie out to
this lone country. She make me promise
when she come, she make me sware the
three-fold oath by the bones of my fath-
er, by the honor of my mother, by the
altar of my faith, that if she die, no mat-
ter where, I bring her to Beauchereville
back and let her sleep beside her dead
and by the altar of Ste. Anne. There I
shall also sleep. Twelve days ago she
die, 300 miles north where I trap. I put
her on toboggan, and start for railroad
to take her home.
"I tramp all day over the frozen snow,
and at night I watch to keep the big gray
wolf away, and I kill nothing. For two
days I boil my moccasin string to chew
him. I was so hungry, but now I rest."
I realized that I was in the presence of
a great character. There was a man who
had dragged his wife's body, on foot over
three hundred miles of frozen snow in an
arctic winter, to keep a promise to the
dead.
During his solitary journey I was the
first white man he had seen. He was
fearfully frost-bitten, but would not re-
main for treatment. He pushed on by
train the following day for old Quebec.
I begged for one of his tattered mocca-
sins as a memento of his trip. Before he
left, he raised the silver fur about the
sled, and I saw the tace of one who had
passed through many tribulations into
the perfect peace. I heard nothing di-
rectly from him, but a week or so later I
saw in a press dispatch that the sacred
ground of the churchyard of Ste. Anne
de Beauchere had been desecrated by the
blood of a suicide.
The Dynamics of Speech
As Introduced by Philosophy.
<By ROBERT W. VOUTHAT, 'Prof, of Latin in West Virginia University.
PUBLISHERS' NOTE. — Dr. Douthat begins in this number the first of a series of papers on The Dynamics
of Speech and The Development of Language. His theory is new and strikingly original, and will
appeal to all who are interested in popular demonstrations of scientific subjects.
EVERYBODY knows more or less
about dynamics in machinery, but
few people have thought much
about man as a dynamo and of his
speech as one manifestation of his pow-
er, and yet the whole civilized world is
enlightened by words more commonly
and more thoroughly than by electricity;
it is stirred to action by words a thous-
and fold oftener than by machinery:
words more than deeds brought on the
revolution in America. The words of Pat-
rick Henry touched hearts that could
never have been otherwise moved;
words have contributed first and most
to all the reforms that have taken place
in the world. Had not mind manifested
itself in words, the Renaissance would
never have begun in Europe? Blot out
the literature of the world, stop the flow
of speech and man would return to a
state of primitive barbarism. Art and
knowledge lost to him he would roam
the plains and forests a savage, his home
merely a shelter from storms, his fellow
men as much his prey as bird or beast.
Words are the force by which all civili-
zation has come to the world, the force
bv which all religion is maintained, by
which all science has been developed, by
which all knowledge of the Eternal has
been communicated, by which our souls
are lifted to a likeness with God.
The proper conception for all things
in the universe is to be found in the
words that have come down to us from
all the ages past. The mind of man is
found in language, not in physical sci-
ence.
Physical science reveals the mind of
God. Man has been testing, as it were,
the engines of thought, — these words of
his, — for thousands of years, to find out
whether they will convey the burdens of
his soul to his fellow men, who, as peo-
ple engaged in mental and spiritual and
intellectual commodities. He has found
his engines to be well built. They do
convey his thought and the world gets
the full benefit of his productions. Now
and then an engine is built on a peculiar
plan: it runs well for a time, but finally
it fails to work. It then goes into the
shops; and, if the master-workman sees
that the principle on which it was con-
structed is not scientific, then it must be
taken to pieces and the material other-
wise employed.
Words that have been tested and not
found wanting, — words that have con-
veyed the burdens of thought for ages, —
words that connect, as it were, the mind
of man with the mind of God, — words
that are framed according to man's con-
ception of the eternal fitness of things, —
words that bring the history of the ages
to the mind of the present, — these can
never die; for the principle on which
they were constructed is so thoroughly
scientific, — accords so fully with all that
is clearest and best, that we can say, in
these all mind is stored, — by these all
mind conveyed.
Every construction of the mind con-
sists of parts; that which consists of
parts can be separated into its elements;
these elements are the abstraction that
have been made from the objects pre-
sented; hence speech consists of abstrac-
tions, which, when separated, may ex-
hibit individual values.
A great building is a construction of
individual pieces of material and this il-
lustrates a completed thought of many
concepts; and, just as in the great
building there may be many pieces of
J38
THE PACIFIC €MONTHLY.
timber or st6ne or metal of very nearly
the same size and properties, so in a
sentence or chapter or book there will
be found many words or sounds of al-
most the same character. As the pieces
of timber or stone or metal in the build-
ing, each of the same size and quality
and use have the same value, so the
same sounds in words have the same
values.
Just as God out of "matter" creates all
worlds and systems of worlds, all animals
and vegetables, and keeps these in con-
tinuance throughout the ages, so man
who is made in the mental and spiritual
"image and likeness" of God forms out
of "matter" all the utensils and machin-
ery of the world in which he lives, all the
statuary and other imitations of God's
works, all the representations in printing
and drawing and writing of his concep-
tions of the useful or beautiful for the
need or enjoyment of himself and his
fellows in this world.
Just as God also by the motion of por-
tions of the atmosphere and of other
substances upon each other produces
noise or sound, so man by the same
means and also by the contact and sepa-
ration of his organs of speech produces
noise or sound intelligible to himself,
and these sounds, together with their
representative forms, are as much a part
of design on his part as are any of the
other acts of which he is capable.
When he says God or writes the word,
he means an Infinite comprehension, not
a development. When he says man or
writes the word, he means a manifesta-
tion or creation, who in turn as a lineal
descendant of his Creator can continue
to make manifestations or generations
of his mind and spirit throughout the
ages.
Men and women, the world over, have
been occupied so much of late, each itl
his own way, with the revelations of phy-
sical science, that they have neglected to
watch the connection between the mind
that makes the revelations and the things
to be revealed.
Remove man from this world, man
with his inventive mind, and soon all
that can be called art, science or litera-
ture will have passed away; and where
music now swells in its voluptuous or
to victory over injustice, where monu-
ments rear their lofty heads in honor of
the good or great, there will be the hab-
itation of beasts, the abode ol owls and
bats.
How long man has occupied his place
inspiring strains, where eloquence cheers
in this world, no one knows; investiga-
tions are not complete. All we do know
is that he is wonderful in capacity, con-
stant in development, and mighty in ac-
tion. He imitates or finds out the Di-
vine mind, as said Kepler in his discov-
ery of the laws of planetary motion: "I
think thy thoughts after thee, O God,"
and as of all man's discoveries of the
secrets of nature and of his plans accord-
ing with nature's plans, we say, "He
imitates God!"
'this discovery of the thoughts of God;
this imitation of the works of God at-
tests a mental kineship with Deity than
which nothing could be stronger proof
that "man was made in the image and
likeness of God."
Let us formulate this logically:
i. He who has the condition and ca-
pacity for copying the Supreme mind
must be in mind a lineal descendant of
that Supreme mind or of like powers;
2. Man does in his art, literature,
sculpture and painting copy the mind of
the Supreme Being; therefore,
3. Man must be in mind a lineal de-
scendant of the Supreme Mind or of
like power with such mind.
Or for number 2, take a negative
form, as follows:
2. None of the lower orders of ani-
mals can copy in the smallest degree the
mind of the Supreme Being; or, if you
prefer,
2. Nothing done by the Supreme
Being can be imitated by any one of the
lower orders of animals; then,
3. None of the lower orders of ani-
mals can claim any mental kinship with
the Supreme Mind.
Or, put the argument in still another
form, as follows:
1. Mental or spiritual conceptions
can be repeated only by mental or spir-
itual beings;
2. None of the lower orders af ani-
cals can repeat the mental or spiritual
conceptions of Deity or even of man;
THE DYNAMICS OF SPEECH.
139
3. None of the lower orders of ani-
mals are mental or spiritual beings.
Man is emphatically an imitator of the
Divine Mind. He never builds a house
without constant regard to gravitation;
he builds no railroad without a study of
centrifugal force; he never handles elec-
tricity without knowing how nature deals
with the same force; he constructs no
engine without first consulting nature,
in order to ascertain how much strength
will be required for the expansive force
of a drop of water.
This spirit of imitation has necessarily
controlled all his efforts in the past and
will corttrol in all the future. Of course,
man will at times combine torces or ele-
ments, and thus seemingly make what
does not exist anywhere in Nature's
realm; but the fact that combination can
be made is proof that nature's law hith-
erto unknown has been discovered;
otherwise, the combination could never
have been made.
However, as I have not started out to
discourse on science or of physics in
general, or of mind in its individuality,
but of man's continual imitation of the
Divine Mind, allow me to introduce a
set of new categories, by which to ex-
plain the construction, operations and
limitations of universal nature, from
which as expression we learn the Divine
mind, and from these by induction try
to discover man's method of imitation
in all his expressions of an inner self.
Man's Model. — These categories are
not intended as an attempt to over-
throw anything that has been done in
the past, but as simply an effort to prove
that the condition and operations per-
taining to a universe without man have
been the model for everything that man
has done since his appearance on the
globe.
Science. — When man finds out what
nature is or does, he says he has a sci-
ence. When he imitates her action, he
says he is working scientifically: he is
running on exactly parallel lines. When
he fails to run his lines alongside hers,
there is disaster, destruction, death.
Her laws must be followed in the con-
struction of all his machinery. Thus,
man is proven to be an imitator.
One of man's earliest studies was as-
tronomy, not because he so much needed
the science in his daily struggles for life,
but because in astronomy he could dis-
cover more of the wisdom and power of
the Creator than anywhere else, and for
2000 or more years that was man's chief
study. He saw in the heavenly bodies
more for wonder and admiration than
anywhere else. David said, "When I
consider Thy heavens, the work of Thy
fingers, the moon and the stars which
Thou hast made, what is man that Thou
art mindful of him or the son of man
that Thou visitest him?" etc.
Well, this was a far-off study, seem-
ingly the first method of study for any
great subject, — a species of induction.
We do not, as a rule, begin with details.
We begin with the concrete: we take
off the outside envelope before we begin
to read, as it were, the contents of the
letter. We first become acquainted by
a general introduction and afterwards
seek a closer intimacy. We are permit-
ted to enter the parlor long before we
become familiar with the kitchen.
Geography was long studied before
geology; botany before bacteriology;
molecules before microbes, — the outer
before the inner. Thought comes before
belief, belief before knowledge.
Suppose, now, we thus treat our sub-
ject, going to the utmost bounds of
knowledge, i. e., of everything that can
be known or named in accordance with
the condition or action of universal na-
ture, and afterwards reduce to details as
each particular subject may come before
us.
Ampere made two great categories,
"Matter and Mind," sufficient for the
beginnings of our thought, but insuffi-
cient for its extension, because there is
no hint of life or operation. Hume
made two, "Ideas and Impressions," but
these still present only the dead forms
with their influence upon the general
mind, and hence there is not enough dif-
ference between his and Ampere's to
satisfy a living, active, almost uncontrol-
lable power, the Ego of universal na-
ture.
Man, the glory of the world, under
the impulse of heaven's own life, inspired
by the actual presence of Deity himself-,-
gave instinctive utterance to his impulse,
140
THE 'PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
and breathed out the soul's emotion in
the one word Ego, — I go, 1 move, I act,
I live; I see, I hear, I taste, I feel, I
smell; I think, I reflect, I plan, I pro-
duce; I wish, I will, I perform. I feel
my kinship with the Eternal. I seek to
know, to appreciate his attributes, his
excellencies, his glory; I feel longings
uncontrollable: I must be divine.
The power of this one expression,
Ego, — an utterance which began to be
formulated from the manitested power
and infinite resources brought to view in
human art in the distant past, has been
felt upon the mind and heart of the most
degraded as well as upon those of the
most cultured. It is reflected in letters
of gold from the palaces, the temples,
the pyramids, the sphinxes, the obelisks;
the canals, the bridges, the railroads, the
telegraph, the telephone, — all proclaim
the source of Ego divine. Poetry, phil-
osophy, science, art, testify in clearest
terms that man's first utterance proceed-
ed from an appreciation of his own
innate worth; and, wherever men have
wandered, to the icy regions of the
North, to the torrid zones of the different
hemispheres, as well as into regions more
favorable for physical existence; what-
ever they may have done, in war or
peace, at home or abroad, in the council-
chamber or around the fireside,— they
have everywhere felt the influence of this
developed expression for both innate
power and innate importance.
The old Greek Philosophy of Socrates
and Plato, and other great lights in a
benighted age, was not a deliverance of
what originated in themselves. The ideas
of Socrates and Plato had lain dormant
in human hearts for ages past.
Not Original but Developed. — These
ideas were only brought out by the in-
tensity of emotion in these great souls.
Plato and Socrates were moved by pow-
er within and by conditions without, to
bring forth for the struggling mind of
their time the ideas of truth and faith
that hitherto had simply failed of devel-
opment.
Through the influence of this one ex-
pression of the soul, Ego, — its meaning
lost to the intellect, but felt upon the
heart, chemistry has made her conquests,
geology her revelations, electricity her
advances, botany her classification,
mathematics her deductions, medicine
her progress, philosophy her connec-
tions.
But pardon this seeming digression,
and let us proceed with a consideration
of what has been done in the effort to
connect the mind of the world with the
operations and conditions of universal
nature.
Locke has left us three categories,
"Substance, Modes, and Relations," —
good as far as matter and our considera-
tion of matter goes, but yet deficient in
not showing what are the "modes and re-
lations, nor yet intimating a great source
of life and energy.
Finally, Kant has given us four,
"Quantity, Quality, Relation and Modal-
ity," but stiil there is want of origin and
action, both of which should be exhibit-
ed to make our categories of the knowl-
edge correspond with the operations
perceived in all parts of the universe.
Kant's categories give us nothing more
than the process of scientific investiga-
tion.
The categories which we would substi-
tute for any that have hitherto occupied
the mind of the philosopher are the fol-
lowing:
1 . Comprehension, — because that
will not only include such predicaments
as "Quantity, Quality, Matter, Mind,
Substance," but also indicate the origi-
nal state of the universe as well as the
perfected condition of every germ out of
which new life is developed.
2. Separation, — because that will not
only include "Ideas and Relations," but
also suggest source for these and all
other individual entities.
Individual Objects. — One of the first
thoughts that can occupy our minds is,
whence the individaul objects that pre-
sent themselves in such infinity? We
spend much of our lives in answering
this one question, and most of us die
leaving it to a great extent unsolved.
In all proper investigation, however,
each separation is traced to some ante-
cedent comprehension, from which the
individual has come.
The blind man restored to sight would
be impressed first of all with the number
of objects in a separated condition.
THE "DYNAMICS OF SPEECH.
141
3. Extension, — which is only hinted
at in "Relation," "Impression," "Modal-
ity," but is proven to be a necessary con-
dition of all life, energy, action, and the
essential qualification of all creation or
growth .
4. Limitation, — which has no place
in any of the categories named, and is
not generalized even by Aristotle in any
one of his ten, but which has been
adopted by us, because it represents, not
only the temporary "position, situation,
or habit," but also the necessary termi-
nation of all life, energy, action, growth,
or state.
(To be continued.)
The Voice of the Silence.
"By one of "Portland's leading citizens, a prominent member of society, who for the present 'will
remain unnamed. The author, a close student of human nature, holds that character is strong-
er than circumstances, and undertakes to illustrate his theory in a decidedly ndbel and inter-
esting manner. The hero and heroine, taken from real life, and undoubtedly %>ell known
to the majority of our Portland readers, are placed in a purely fictitious environment, where
they proceed to work out the 'writer's ideas.— Ed.
Prelude.
AWAY off on the very edge of the
world is a land called Nowhere.
And in this land there was born,
once upon a time, a child who grew to
be among women the fairest the sun has
shone upon since Spartan Helen swayed
the hearts of men by reason of her
beauty.
In a grove of pines, upon a cliff above
the sands was set the small gray cabin
that she called her home. At evening,
watching from its narrow windows, she
saw the white gulls winging seaward
and heard the wind whisper secrets to
the trees. At her feet the wide slow
river felt the strong pulse of the sea, and
far out across the golden dunes the surf
forever fringed the shore with pearl.
She was Nature's daughter, and had
from birth companioned with that great
Mother's sweet and solemn mysteries.
The moaning music of the bar had been
her lullaby. The west wind rocked her
cradle swung beneath the pines, and her
playmates were the wild young things
upon the hills. The sweeping tides, the
dash of waves, the rain and tumult of
fierce storms, ocean-born, filled her with
exultant ioy. The tender light of the
fathomless blue deep was in her eyes,
her cheek was like the pink lip of a shell
and her hair a midnight cloud. The
tall green reeds that bent obedient to the
lightest breath of summer had not more
supple grace than she. Her voice, soft
and low, thrilled with the vibrant melody
of wind and sea and bird-song, and her
smile was a flash of heaven's own fire.
Alone, yet never lonely, leaning so
close to Nature's heart that she heard
its rythmic beating, taught by the ever-
changing loveliness of air and earth and
sky to read and understand much that is
ordinarily hidden from mortal sight and
ken, she grew from child to womanhood,
a fair human flower blooming as a wild
rose blooms and blesses some desert
place with its fragrance and its beauty.
There were few white faces in that
Nowhere land. The men who went
rarely up and down on the flow and ebb
of the tide were rough and rude of
speech. Absorbed in wresting a living
from the untamed wilderness they had
little thought or care for one of alien
blood. To the Indians, the. saddened
lemnants of a fading race, she was the
"Moon Child," the "White One," and
they held her in reverence and went
softly past the pine grove on the cliff
where her cabin stood. If, perchance
they met her on the winding beach or on
the hills they greeted her with fair words
ami with such gifts as the river and the
forest yielded. In such wise she lived,
lacking no essential to a happy, irre-
sponsible existence. For lo! necessity
had revealed to her the secret that was
lost when the flaming sword was drawn
before the gates of man's forfeited Eden,
142
THE 'PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
and he was driven forth to learn through
tears and toil, anew and blunderingly,
the lessons forgotten utterly in the awful
blindness that had smitten the soul of
the race.
Time passes there on the edge of the
continent as it must pass in all the re-
gions of the earth, and as the years drew
on the outer world began to crowd upon
the borders of the land of Nowhere, and
things were no longer as they had been.
Chapter I.
In the breathless quiet of an autumn
morning Elise lay upon the grass-topped
hill above the bar and listened to the
changing music of the surf. She was
waiting for the mighty discord that, on a
day like this, always heralded the turn of
the tide. The first pink flush of the sun-
rise reflected its warm light in the silver
of the sleeping sea and a fiilmy mist
hung over the river where it issued from
the gates of dawn. The girl upon the
hill-top revelled in the beauty of the
awakening day. She had' breakfasted
on fruit picked as she came through the
huckleberry thickets in the sands, and
her finger-tips were stained with purple
juice, therefore, as she lay at full length
on the yielding thick brown grass, she
washed them in the dew and dried them
in the sun.
Just beyond the white line of the surf
a tiny sloop rocked on the smooth swell.
It had dropped anchor there at twilight
the night before and its presence was a
cause for speculation. Often during the
brief years of her life she had watched
the ships pass by from the north, and
from the south, sometimes showing
shadowy sails toward the horizon, some-
times skirting the lonely shore, and once
a vessel had gone to pieces on the sands
of the South Spit. But that was long
ago, and from its wreckage her cabin
had been built. She was a baby then
and barely remembered the occurrence,
or recalled the dead faces that, without
benefit of clergy, were buried beneath
the shifting dunes across the river. But
that a boat should seek this untried har-
bor was a thing to marvel at.
The hours slipped past. It was dead
low water and the ebbins: tide had left a
straight black lane through the gleam-
ing snow of the breakers. There was
ominous silence for a little space that
was broken at last by a rending crash as
if the sea and shore had been suddenly
reft asunder. Then slowly, impercept-
ibly at first, the tide came swelling in.
And on its generous breast the sloop,
towed by six stalwart oarsmen in a small
boat, was borne through the gap in the
dangerous wall of surf, in safety to the
river.
With her chin resting upon her clasped
hands, her elbows cushioned in the soft
grass, Elise watched the progress of
that daring crew, sweeping in on the
flood. When they drew abreast of her
hill-top she sprang up and waved her
hands, calling out the Indian word for
welcome. They shouted back something
in a tongue she did not understand, and
laughed. Full of excitement and stirred
by a curiosity as unusual as it was keen,
she ran down the steep sliding sands to
the beach. At a point where the chan-
nel deepened near the shore the rowers
came so near that she saw their features
clearly and distinctly, and one, a smooth-
faced youth who sat in the bow met her
questioning eyes with a glance that sent
the swift red to' her cheek and brow.
She lingered and let them pass her
after this. She no longer felt curious or
concerned about their movements and
intentions, but was vaguely disturbed,
she knew not why. When the sloop had
disappeared around a bend in the stream
she climbed to the brow of the cliff and
throwing herself down upon a springing
bed of dwarfed and wind-matted huckle-
berry bushes gave the day to dreams.
Meantime the sloop, towed to a safe
anchorage off the Indian village, a clus-
ter of miserable huts on the flats around
the Point, lay with her head to the
stream while her owners explored the
new region which they held to be theirs
by right of discovery.
"It's a God-forsaken place!" exclaimed
the captain, a broad-shouldered son of
Norway's rugged coast.
"All the better for our purpose," re-
plied his companion. "We did not come
here seeking society, human or divine.
The aborigines haven't spirit enough to
interfere, judging from their general ap-
THE VOICE OF THE SILENCE.
143
pearance, and there doesn't seem to be
anyone else, if we except the goddess of
the shore who greeted our arrival."
"The river is full of salmon, that is the
one apparent fact that appeals to me,"
said the captain, and proceeded to give
orders for the disembarking of the
stores. And that was the manner in which
the city of Kama, in the land of No-
where was founded, though few people
care today to remember it.
For several days Elise kept to the cliff
and to her cabin, though she was con-
scious of a vague restlessness that she
had never known before. As yet she
had neither seen nor heard aught further
of the strange invaders of her peaceful
realm, and she began to think thev
might have gone on up the river and she
would never behold them again. But
one morning going down to the beach
to bathe she heard voices. She had just
time to draw back into the shelter of a
storm-twisted, up-rooted spruce when
around the bend two men came slowly
walking and examining the tide-marks
and the drift-wood along the shore.
They paused so near her hiding place
that she could have reached and touched
them with her strong white hands. And
one was the youth who had looked at
Tier in that disturbing fashion a few days
before. She wished now he would pass
on and let her bathe in peace. But when
she was again alone she glanced about
half fearfully before she cast her mantle
•on the sand and slipped into the tide.
Coming back along the beach an hour
later, the two men noticed the prints of
slender bare feet leading from the water's
edge across the damp sands to a flight of
rude steps going up to meet a narrow
path that lost itself in the dense tangle
of manzinita and sallal under the pines.
"There is probably an Indian hut up
there," remarked black-bearded Hanson,
the smith of the company. "If I wasn't
so hungry I'd go up and investigate."
His companion laughed. "Go on to
your dinner/ he said, "I am not hungry,
and I am going to see where this trail
leads to." He sprang up the steps,
pausing at the top to wave to Hanson
swinging along toward the Point beyond
which the village lay. Then he turned
and came face to face with Elise.
"I — I hope — that is I do not mean to
intrude," he stammered, more embar-
rassed than surprised, for now when he
saw her again he became suddenly aware
that this was what he had been expecting
and longing for ever since that first day
when her strange beauty illuminated the
desolation of the lonely shore.
Her eyes drooped under his, and the
warm color crept up to her forehead.
"No," she said softly, "I am glad you are
here, this," pointing along the path to
the open door of her cabin, "is my
home."
"Do you live alone in this wild place?"
"Yes?'
"And are you never afraid?"
She lifted her eyes to his face in doubt
and questioning. She but half grasped
the meaning of his words, but she an-
swered slowly, "No, I think not; there
is nothing to fear."
"But you must be very lonely some-
times, there are not many people coming
and going on the river."
She shook her head. "No, I am never
lonely, but,"' she smiled and looked up
at the brown pine branches overhead,
"I shall be when you go away."
And yet this was the first white man
to whom she had ever spoken face to
face who was not twice her years, and
unshorn and uncouth. The instinct is
inborn in womankind. Perhaps Eve
coquetted with the serpent in the garden
before the fall.
After that there were few days on
which they did not meet. The meetings
were, for the most part, brief. Elise
would have had it otherwise, but Odin
was busy. The company of which he
was a member were working night and
day to get their stores under cover and
their buildings ready for the season's
run of salmon. They found the Indians
friendly and disposed to help, and the
prospect for immediate returns from
their daring investment of labor and
capital in an unknown land was promis-
ing. The men chaffed Odin about his
"pretty white girl" at first, but they
had other and more serious matters in
hand and did not interfere though his
was not the only young head among
them that could be turned by a lovely
face. They alwavs greeted her with a
144
THE 'PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
certain deference and respect when they
passed her on the beach or in her canoe
on the river. She representd, in a way
which they dimly recognized, their ab-
sent wives, mothers and sweethearts.
And though they wondered not a little
over her presence in this uncivilized
place, they forebore to question.
Sometimes in the tender glow of the
warm autumn twilight Odin came down
the river in his skiff and found the girl
waiting, and they would drift on the tide
where never a ripple stirred, till the stars
came out and the red flush faded from
the western sky. Sometimes they wan-
dered down the beach and climbed the
hill above the bar to the grass-cushioned
couch where Elise had lam and watched
the sloop come in on that eventful morn-
ing. And once, it was a day long to be
remembered for more reasons than one,
they left the river and following the surf-
bordered sands came at length to a
brook that spread itself out in wide shal-
lows to meet the sea. Upon its brink
they paused and Elise glanced down at
her embroidered moccasins half irreso-
lutely. For the first time in her brief ex-
perience she hesitated to do the thing
that impulse prompted.
"We cannot cross," said Odin, but she
pointed to the looming headlands shut-
ting off the sea- view northward.
"It is beautiful up there," she mur-
mured. "You can see almost to the
other side of the world." And she
sighed regretfully.
For answer Odin stooped and gath-
ered her in his arms. "I will carry you,"
ne cried, "that is the only way."
The brook was wide and the sands
might be treacherous. It was therefore
necessary to move slowly and with cau-
tion, and the warm clasping arms about
his neck may have confused him some-
what so that he failed to perceive just
where the water ended and the dry
ground began. But at last the soft clasp
loosened and Elise whispered shyly: "I
think we are across."
"Yes," he replied, we are," and reluct- .
antlv released her. There were many
rough placs in the steep trail that wound
up over the headlands, and she, whose
feet were as accustomed to these rugged
heights as are the swift feet of the, deer
let him help her at every turn.
They came, about noontide to a nar-
row grassy ravine opening toward the
sea. At its foot the rocks were bare
though still wet from the dashing spray.
"We are hungry," cried Elise, "and
there is our dinner waiting for us. We
have only to build a fire and lo, the feast
is spread!"
She began to gather dry twigs and
branches blown from the big spruce
trees at the head of the ravine in some
long-past winter storm. And when they
had their fire burning brightly they went
down upon the rocks and with the aid
of Odin's pocket-knife and the sharp
steel blade which she always carried at
her belt in her rambles on the hills, it
was an easy task to obtain enough shell-
fish for their present needs.
"Now," said Elise, when this task was
accomplished, "we must carry them up
and throw them upon the fire, and then
we will dine."
A golden afternoon followed, spent for
the most part in the little hollow where
the steep walls shut out all but a scant
triangle of sea and sky, and where the
warm sunlight poured its soft splendor
over them. It is beautiful to be young.
They were both very young and one of
them was very fair, the consequence was
inevitable. Life could never be quite the
same to either after that day, that perfect
dsy. And when, in the deepening dusk
they said good night at the door of the
cabin in the pine grove their lips met in
love's first clinging kiss.
Early in the winter the sloop sailed
away with the result of the season's work
safely stored in her hold, but because of
the values permanently represented in
machinery, canning apparatus and
buildings it was deemed advisable to
leave some one of the company in charge.
Odin volunteered to remain till spring,
and Hanson the blacksmith was to keep
him company. There was little real
labor to be performed now, and through
the long stormy winter their time was
their own to spend as they might please.
It naturally followed that Odin pleased
to spend the major part of his
days and nights beneath the roof that
sheltered Elise. There was always some
excuse, some reason by which he justi-
THE VOICE OF THE SILENCE.
145
fied his presence there. For instance,
drift-wood must be provided for the fire
that warmed the day's hearth-stone. Her
white hands, he held, were unfit for such
rough work. Hanson agreed with him
that it would not do to "let a woman
chop wood," while two strong men
lounged in idleness in her immediate
neighborhood. And Hanson gallantly
offered to do his part toward relieving
this necessity but found his services not
required. Sometimes he strolled with
Odin down the beach, but very rarely
mounted the steps to the cabin door.
"He's to be trusted, that boy," he
would mutter to himself sometimes, sit-
ting in front of the stove in the office of the
cannery on a long evening, waiting for
Odin's return. "He's one in a thous-
and, so long as he is as he is I've no call
to interfere." But Hanson did not at-
tempt to conceal from himself the fact
that he was dissatisfied with he present
state of affairs. He thought much of his
own pink-cheeked daughter, a girl about
the age of this strange creature who had
bewitched his companion, and feared she
might, at this very moment, be dream-
ing of the youth at whose coming he had
more than once seen her blue eyes soft-
en tenderly. He would willingly have
trusted his motherless Nellie's happiness
in this young man's keeping, but Odin's
attentions had never been pronounced
and there was nothing to do or say but
wait and hope that everything would
turn out right in the end. And while he
waited Elise and Odin together dreamed
away the golden hours.
The girl's education was progressing
at a rapid pace. Love is a capable
teacher, and when the pupil is keen for
knowledge time does not drag. There
were books in the cabin, the remnant of
a once valuable library. Elise could not
remember when or how she had learned
to read, and it is doubtful if she under-
stood a half of what she read, though she
read much. However, with Odin's voice
to interpret, and the tender expressive
pauses, the illuminating glances and fit-
ful discussions in the firelight, she began
to grasp the hidden meaning of the
printed page. But it was not from
books that she was gaining her knowl-
edge and understanding of life. She was
reading, rather spelling out letter by let-
ter the lesson of human nature from the
leaves of a palpitating human heart, and
the pastime possessed a growing fascin-
ation for her. At this time she was not
conscious of any motive, or, indeed, of
anything beyond the fact of present hap-
piness. To be taken care of, to have her
simple wants provided for without exer-
tion upon her part was an experience so
altogether new and delightful that she
gave herself up to the full enjoyment of
it.
Now and then the rain-clouds rolled
away, the wind fell and the sun shone
out warm and clear as in midsummer,
and they would spend the day rambling
over the hills above the bar, or, crossing
the river, walk miles along the south
shore, listening to the ever-present sound
of the surf, silent for the most, or speak-
ing their half-formed thoughts in brief,
disjointed sentences. But it was on
those evenings when the pines were
shaken by the storm, and the wind
moaned about the cabin eaves that they
made real progress. It was very pleas-
ant in the cabin with the rain beating
upon the window panes and the drift-
wood fire burning brightly upon the
hearth. The rough walls were hung,
and the floors were spread with furs —
pelts of the bear and beaver, the panther
and the seal, tanned and presented to the
"Moon-Child" by the Indians. Her
couch which was set against the wall in
the corner by he fire-place was covered
with a rug of priceless sea-otter skins so
skillfully pieced together as to seem but
one.
They were sitting here, Elise with her
bare arms clasped above her head and
her eyes watching her companion's face,
he with an unwonted shadow on his
brow.
"Why do you speak of going away?"
she questioned. "Are you then so
weary of — the river that you long for
home and friends?"
"I have no home," he replied; "that
I have told you often, and no friend so
dear as the one I shall leave behind when
I go away from here."
She brought her clasped hands down
into her lap and leaned caressingly
nearer. "Then why do you go?" she
146
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
murmured softly.
Her oval cheek was temptingly near
his lips, he felt the warm pressure of her
form, but he did not move or even look
at her. Perhaps he dared not trust him-
self to do so.
"Why do you go?" she repeated.
"Because I must. There are many
reasons, the chief of which is yourself."
"I! indeed no! If I furnish a reason
at all, it is for staying. Do not go;
please say that you will never leave me."
She put both her hands in his and
looked in his eyes.
"Listen," he held her off at arm's
length. "I am going to speak plainly,
more plainly, perhaps, than I have any
right to speak, but I believe it is better
that I offend you than that you should
not understand. I love you!"
"I have known that for some time.
Did you think that would offend me?"
"I am going away because I love
you."
"I do not understand — "
"If I loved you less truly I might be
tempted to bind you with promises that
you would sometime regret. But I ask
you to promise nothing only to believe
that all my life long I shall love you, and
only you, and that I seek to win fortune's
favor only that I may be free to win
your's."
"But do you not already know that I
love you? Have I not told you so a
thousand times, and in a thousand
ways?"
"I know that you think you love me."
She was puzzled. This was a new note
in the prelude and it interested her at
the same time that it awakened a faint
half fear and doubt. She looked at him
wonderingly, smiling to see that he
dared not meet her glance. "He will not
go, he cannot leave me," she thought ex-
ultantly. And yet there was something
very determined in the lines of the face
fronting her in spite of the averted eyes.
She tried to come closer, but he held her
off resolutely.
"No," he said, "I must tell you while
I have the will to do it! You cannot
live here in this fashion all your life. It
is impossible. When you become ac-
quainted with the outside world your
wants, your needs will increase. Your
heart will change with your changing
environment, knowing this I have no
right to claim from you the promise
which I am sure you would freely give,
and I do not claim it. Only," and he let
his eyes rest tenderly upon her now,
"When the time comes for you to meet
life's responsibilities I must be in a posi-
tion to protect you. Do you under-
stand?"
She shook her head. "Not altogeth-
er," she said. "What is this promise
which you make so much of, and which
you will not claim though you hold me
ready to grant it?"
"Why," he answered, the color flush-
ing his boyish cheek, "the pledge that a
man asks of the woman he loves when
he feels that he justly can. I should ask
you to become my wife."
"Your wife!" Then wonderingly,
"Your wife! that means "
"Everything!"
"You would really want me to be
that — to be everything to you?"
"If I could be sure that you would be
happy."
She gently drew her hands from his
clinging clasp and walked slowly to the
window. It was a wild night, but the
moon, struggling through a cloud-rift,
struck a faint responsive gleam from the
black breast of the river where it showed
briefly between the tossing branches of
the pines. A sudden sense of desolation
swept over the girl, a premonition of im-
pending fate perhaps, she shuddered and
came back to the fire.
"I wish," she said, "that we had not
spoken of these things, they make me
uncomfortable, and we have been so
happy!"
Chapter II.
The winter could not last forever.
With the dawn of spring the sloop re-
turned bringing this time the wives and
children of the members of the com-
pany. The Indian village in the flats
became the scene of busy domestic life,
cabins went up and household goods, dis-
embarked from the sloop, were moved
in and in a very brief space of time the
new-born town wore an air of semi-civ-
ilization that robbed it of all attractive-
THE VOICE OF THE SILENCE.
147
ness in the eyes of Elise who, at Odin's
request visited the feminine additions to
its population.
She was very sweet and gracious in
her manner to these invaders of her
realm, but they did not get on, some-
how. Odin said when she spoke to him
about it that they did not understand
each other. "You meet and greet them
as if you were a princess and they only
the commonest clay; they resent it, of
course."
"But I do not mean to treat them as —
as inferiors," cried the girl, hurt for the
first time in their association, by some
vaguely implied disapproval in his tone.
"I want them to like me, for your sake,
and I am ready to like them if they will
let me."
'They never will," he said with brutal
frankness, "because they cannot, and
never can understand you. There is
nothing people of our class so quickly
and deeply resent as condescension. It
is something they cannot forgive."
"But the condescension, as you call it,
in this case, is pure imagination," she
cried.
"No, pardon me, it is not imagination.
It is there and it is very real, though you
are perhaps unconscious of it."
"And you resent it, too — "
' iMo," he replied, "no, you cannot
help it. They are the common people,
they are my people, you are not. You
cannot understand us."
"And yet," she reminded him, smiling
half-fearfully, "you claim to understand
me better than I understand myself. Are
you quite consistent, my Odin?"
They were standing in her cabin in the
gloaming. His hand was upon the latch
of the door preparatory to departure,
and now when she repeated with a faint
touch of kindly derision in her tone,
"Are you quite consistent, my Odin?" he
threw his chin up and drew his brows to-
gether in a way he had when troubled or
annoyed, and looked — anywhere but at
his fair questioner. She watched him
closely, as she had grown to do of late.
Every change of expression in his clean-
ly moulded face, every fleeting shadow
in the deep-set gray eyes, every quiver
of the thin-lipped sensitive mouth, inter-
ested her in these lengthening days o\
the early spring. There was a dim pre-
monition of impending change in their
relationship that disturbed her at times.
She was vaguely conscious of an ever-
present feeling of expectancy, and each
act of his, each word and look took on a
new meaning. She studied him as she
would not, and could not have done a
few months before. Seeing now that he
either did not intend to answer her ques-
tion, or that he could not, she asked an-
other.
"Why do you say you are of the com-
mon people? Why do you say that I am
not? Are we not fashioned from the
same clav by the hand of the same
Creator?"
Still he did not look at her. "You
ask me difficult questions," he said. "I
cannot explain as I would, but the fact
remains, we are not of the same class.
I am a working-man, a laborer. I have
broken stones upon the streets of San
Francisco for my daily bread. I am of
the people!"
"You niake distinctions, my Odin,"
her tone was a caress, so soft and sweet
it was, so tenderly lingering upon the
pronounciation of his name, "but you
fail utterly to convince me of a differ-
ence. I. too, am acquainted with labor.
Do I not work, keep my cabin and sup-
ply my own needs? Why, until you
came and relieved me of the necessity
for it I did all sorts of hard things, and
enjoyed doing them."
"It was not the same; you have never
worked for wages, you could not, you
were fashioned for another fate, and you
can never understand the lower classes."
"Of which you are?"
"Of which I am."
"And yet," she mused, still regarding
him attentively, "you have the speech
and manners of a gentleman."
He winced visibly and drew himself
up proudly. "That," he said with bitter
emphasis, "is one of the few privileges of
which capital has not yet deprived
labor."
"You are like Launcelot now," she
cried. "Don't you remember the
lines you read only last night? 'Alas! I
am not great save that it be some far-
off touch of greatness to know well I am
not great.' Ah, my Odin, why should
148
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
we trouble about conditions and classes
and such things? Have we not each
other, and is not the summer about to
dawn? Ah, when you have seen the
rhododendron bloom upon the hills and
have bathed in its rose-colored flame
you will forget that you have ever known
the name of care. You will stay till the
rhododendron blooms, and then — — "
"And then?" he repeated.
"Ah, who can say what will happen
when the world is laid under the spell
of that enchantment. Kiss me if you
must go."
Odin had to submit to much question-
ing from the women of the company.
"Who is she? Why does she live here
alone? It is not the proper thing for a
girl to do. And her dress! Really,
Odin, if you have any influence with
her it is clearly your duty to persuade
her to dress like a white girl." To which
Odin replied that, not being very well
informed in the matter of prevailing
fashions he did not feel competent to
advise any woman about her. dress ; he
preferred to leave that delicate subject
to the management of the sex most in-
terested. As for himself he saw nothing
lacking or inappropriate in the attire of
Miss Devore.
The questions, "Who was she?" and
"Why was she there?" he could only ig-
nore, since he could not answer them.
These interrogations had often vexed his
own waking dreams. He had never pre-
sumed to put them to the girl herself.
What she might choose to tell him he
would gladly hear, but as yet she had
pleased to tell him next to nothing.
Once he opened a book and read aloud
the name written in a cramped old-fash-
ioned hand upon the fly-leaf, "Ambrose
Devore."
"That was my father's name," she re-
marked, "these books were his, and all
these things," sweeping her hand about
the room where many quaint vessels of
hammered brass and silver hung against
the rude wall, "were his. He built this
cabin before he went away and left me
with Satla. Satla was very old and I
was very young. Indians live to a great-
er age than white people, I think, but in
a little while, a few years, I have for-
gotten how many, she, too, went away.
Since then I have been alone. Alone
till you came, my Odin.''
She clasped her hands upon his arm
and smiled up into his face. "I shall
never be alone again."
And that was all he knew, or, he told
himself, was likely to know of her past
history. But the present — was it not
his? and the future — he did not allow
himself to dream much about the future.
One May morning, Odin coming
down the river, found Elise sitting upon
the steps that led from the beach up to
the pine grove.
"I am waiting for you," she cried; "I
have something to show you, a beautiful
surprise. Tie your boat and come with
me."
To land and secure the light skiff out
of reach of the tide was the work of a
moment. As he mounted the steps she
rose and resting her two hands upon his
shoulders leaned down , offering her
cheek which he touched briefly with his
lips. There was a reserve, amounting
almost to reluctance in his response to
all affectionate demonstrations from her.
He never volunteered a caress.
"No," she cried gaily when they
reached the cabin door, "we are not go-
ing in ; come this way, follow me, I will
lead you into Paradise."
She turned off down the narrow path
that ended, or seemed to end abruptly
at the spring, cut off suddenly by a
dense tangle of chapaoral. But Elise,
stooping, put aside the screen of slender
green-leaved branches and led him into
the semi-darkness of a trail worn deep
in the moss-carpeted sand by the moc-
casined feet of countless generations of
red men. The way was so narrow that
they had almost to force their way at
times through the crowding under-
growth. In the deeper hollows under
the big spruce trees, the sallal and giant
ferns met above their heads and they
groped their passage through a dimly
lighted tunnel of rank vegetation. As
the trail wound up the steep slope of the
first ridge they came again into the sun-
light and from the summit caught a
glimpse of the sea between brown trunks
and soughing branches of the pines.
They rested here a moment leaning
against the mossy bank.
THE VOICE OF THE SILENCE.
149
"We are almost there," Elise said.
"This hill-top is the western gateway.
Come!"
A turn in the path shut out the sight
and sound of the sea. They stood upon
the verge of a deep curving hollow from
the center of which rose a little knoll.
Overhead the spreading, flat-topped
pines shut out the sky. Below, to the
right, to the left, crowning the knoll and
crowding the hollow, a brimming blos-
soming valley of tender pink that rav-
ished the eyes, and steeped the senses in
a langourous sweet calm. The rhodo-
dendron was in bloom!
Elise reached out her hands, clasped
and drew them back against her heart.
"Ah!" she breathed, "it is beautiful!"
"Yes," he replied, it is beautiful, beau-
tiful." But he was. looking at her as he
said it, and in all that sea of bloom the
only flower that he beheld was her face.
(To be continued.)
The University of Washington.
<By EDMOND S. SMEANY, Professor of History, University of Washington.
IT is a part of the American form of
government that the state should
recognize its responsibility toward
the youth of the land. When an Amer-
ican state recognizes a responsibility it
usually proceeds with commendable di-
rectness to discharge the same with full
measure. Washington territory was or-
ganized as an integral part of the Union
by act of congress dated March 2, 1853.
At that time the American people had
behind them more than two centuries of
experience with educational problems.
Harvard had been founded in 1636,
William and Mary's college in 1693, and
Yale college in 1700. While stumps
still lingered in the new streets of the
town of New Haven, those sturdy New
England pioneers in 1641 agreed to es-
tablish and maintain from the common
funds a public school. Thus they be-
gan one of the first systems of free pub-
lic schools in human history. The plan
spread, and withim eight years we find
that there was not a New England col-
ony, with the exception of Rhode Island,
in which some degree of education was
not compulsory. American history
shows that from that day to this every
hardy American p;oneer who pushes out
to conquer the wilderness builds for his
family a home, for his kine a shelter, and
then forthwith proceeds to join with his
nearest neighbors to erect and maintain
a common school.
Is it any wonder then that we should
find that this idea of the common school
had so permeated the public mind and
so influenced the public policy that the
act of congress which organized the ter-
ritory of Washington should contain the
generous provision that two sections of
land in every township should be grant-
ed and dedicated to the support of com-
mon schools?
Is it any wonder that we should find
that the establishment and maintenance
of schools should be among the prob-
lems solved by the very first session of
the territorial legislature?
Let us glance briefly at that past, for
out of it has grown the present. Upon
the organization of the first territorial
legislature Governor Isaac Ingalls Stev-
ens, first and greatest of the common-
wealth's executives, delivered his initial
message, filled with wholesome and wise
recommendations. Among other things
he strongly advised immediate action in
the establishment of a system of com-
mon schools. In this portion of his mes-
sage he uses these words: "A great
champion of liberty said, more than 200
years ago, that the true object of a com-
plete and generous education was to fit
man to perform justly, skillfully, and
magnanimously, all the offices, both pri-
vate and public, of peace and war."
The legislature was ready to act, and
the common school system was at once
150
THE "PACIFIC ^MONTHLY.
established, and has grown to such pro-
portions and attained such a degree of
•excellence that it is a pride of the people.
In closing his recommendations as to
•education, Governor Stevens said: ''I
"will also recommend that congress be
memorialized to appropriate land for a
university." The legislature also acted
promptly in this matter. Congress had
granted for the Oregon university two
townships of land, and on March 22,
1854, congress was memorialized for two
wild lands between their settlements,
they had unbounded ideas of universities.
On January 29, 1855, they established
two, one at Seattle, another on Boisfort
plains, in Lewis county. The agents
appointed to select the granted lands
failed to do their part, and on January
30, 1858, the universities were consoli-
dated and located on Cowlitz Farm prai-
rie, in Lewis county. Again the lands
were not selected. The pioneers along
the shores of Puget sound grew tired
President Frank Pierrepont Graves.
townships of land for the Washington
university. In the incredibly short
space of four months, or on July 17,
1854, congress granted the land as re-
quested.
At this time a government census
showed the total population of the new
territory to be just 2965 souls. The
boundaries then extended from the Pa-
cific ocean to the Rocky mountains, em-
bracing, besides the present area, por-
tions of Idaho and Montana. In spite
of their few numbers and the miles of
of this jugglery, and on January 25,
i860, they incorporated the Puget Sound
University, but before a building could
be erected the other pioneers relented,
and in January of 1861, the university
was relocated in Seattle. Hon. Arthur
D. Denny, founder of the city, gave a
ten-acre site. The legislature named
Rev. Daniel Bagley, John Webster and
Edmund Carr a commission to select the
granted lands, to sell them for not less
than one dollar and a half an acre, and
to build the university; Thev did it.
THE UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON.
151
The corner stone was laid on May 21,
1861, and school opened in 1862. The
sessions have known but few interrup-
tions from that day to this.
The territorial history of the institu-
tion is filled with struggles, with victories
and defeats, the latter predominating.
Most of the lands having been used for
buildings, there was no revenue except
from the tuition fees paid by the stu-
dents. Not a dollar was appropriated
from the treasury of the territory until
1875, when $1500 was given for repairs.
In 1877 the sum of $3000 was voted out
of the treasury to pay the tuition fees
of scholars to be appointed by the legis-
lators, the judges and the governor,
similar provisions were attached to all
subsequent appropriations, which
amounted in all, from 1854 to 1889, to
the sum of $34,350.
Under the changed conditions of
statehood, from November, 1889, to the
present time, the university has fared
much better. The total appropriations
for that period amount to $473,492 38,
of which $225,000 will be paid back upon
the sale of university lands. The Uni-
versity of Washington now has one of
the finest sites in America. It consists
of 355 acres in the city of Seattle. This
land has water frontage on both lakes
Washington and Union. The soil is
covered with a luxuriant growth of na-
tive trees and shrubs, most of which will
be preserved though thousands of speci-
mens of other plants are being intro-
duced every year so that the University
will soon have one of the finest arboreta
in America.
The new buildings include one large
main building, made of stone and
pressed brick, at a cost of $112,000; a
small but complete stone observatory
building; a large frame drill hall and
gymnasium building, and a brick power
house. The illustrations of these build-
ings are made from photographs by a
student, Clarence B. Blethen, of Seattle.
Other buildings are planned for the near
future.
The main building is well equipped
with numerous laboratories stocked with
the latest approved apparatus to aid in
the institution of chemistry, physics, bi-
ology; ge°logy and civ^ engineering, as
well as a library, museum and lecture
rooms. The latest additions to the fac-
ulty and to the material equipment pro-
vide for the work along lines of mining,
mechanical and electrical engineering,
showing that the university will keep
pace with the rapid development of the
various resources of the state.
The great event in this year's history
of the University of Washington is the
formal inauguration of President Frank
Pierrepont Graves, Ph. D., LL. D., on
November 30. Dr. Graves has for three
years enjoyed the distinction of being
the youngest college president in Amer-
ica. He was born in Brooklyn, N. Y.,
in 1869. He was graduated from Co-
lumbia university in 1890, and later pur-
sued post-graduate studies in the large
universities of the East, including Har-
vard, Columbia and Boston. He was an
instructor of Greek in Columbia, later
professor of classical philology in Tuft's
college, from which place he went to
Laramie in 1896, to become President of
the university of Wyoming. His
progress has been substantial, as well as
rapid. He is the author of three Greek
books: "The Burial Customs of the
Ancient Greeks," The Philoctetes of
Sophocles," and "A First Book in
Greek," the latter being written in con-
junction with Dr. E. S. Hawes. In
1895 he was married to Miss Helen Hope
Wadsworth, a graduate of the Boston
university, in the class of 1891. Presi-
dent Graves, with his scholarship, energy
and enthusiasm,' and his wife, with her
culture, refinement and sympathetic in-
terest in all that pertains to the universi-
ty, have inspired the institution with an
abundance of new life.
The attendance has already risen from
164 at the close of last year, to 230 at
the close of the first term of this year.
Besides these regular students there are
130 teachers who are pursuing free Sat-
urday courses, established for their ben-
efit. During the winter months free
courses will be offered for miners and
prospectors. Last year these helpful
courses in mineralogy and assaying were
highly appreciated by a large number of
miners and others interested. The at-
tendance this year will be much greater,
judging from the number of inquiries.
152
THE "PACIFIC ^MONTHLY.
Besides the regular members of the fac-
ulty this work will be aided this winter
by a course of lectures by the superin-
tendent of the smelter at Everett, Luther
D. Godshall, Ph. D., who is a member
of the board of regents.
The enthusiasm that characterizes this
Tuition is free to all who are able to do
the work required.
Recent laws provide for cities of cer-
tain size, maintaining free kindergartens.
The state of Washington thus provides
free education from the baby schools of
the kindergarten through the graded
Observatory.
year's history of the University is by no
means confined to the new president,
the faculty or the board of regents. It
has stirred the entire student body.
There are new musical clubs, an orches-
tra, new literary societies, and a general
activity that ensures success.
The door of the university is open.
schools, the high schools and on to the
exalted degree of doctor of philosophy,
from the post-graduate studies in the
state university. No citizen can ask
more, no state can do more for the youth
of the land in whose keeping is the fut-
ure of the nation.
Man.
Op'ning the map of God's extensive plan,
We find a little isle, this life of man;
Eternity's unknown expanse appears
Arching around and limiting his years.
The busy race examine and explore
Each creek and cavern of the dang'rous
shore,
With care collect what in their eyes excels,
Some shining pebbles and some weeds and
shells;
Thus laden, dream that they are rich and
great,
And happiest he, that groans beneath his
weight.
The waves overtake them in their serious
play,
And every hour sweeps multitudes away;
They shrink and sink, survivors start and
weep,
Pursue their sport and follow to the deep.
Cozover*
History records no greater progress
in any line of human endeavor than
has been made in science during the
nineteenth century. The practical in-
ception, development, and perfection of
the many uses of steam have all been
crowded into less than the one hundred
years that are so soon to be brought to a
close, and to even enumerate the com-
forts and conveniences that have been
made possible through the agency of
steam alone fills us with amazement.
Yet, with all the results that have direct-
ly or indirectly come from it, steam takes
a comparatively insignificant place when
we consider what science (we use the
term in its broadest meaning) has accom-
plished. The nineteenth century, there-
fore, will be known as the scientific age.
If distance, both on land and on sea, has
not been entirely annihilated, it has at
least been brought largely under the con-
trol of man, and for the transaction of
business we may indeed say that it has
been annihilated. The locomotive thun-
ders over its steel rails at more than a mile
a minute, the ocean greyhound piows its
way through foaming billows at almost
the same rate, and what these lack the
telephone, and the telegraph, furnish.
This said, the introduction to the wonder-
ful story of progress is hardly made, and
to go into any detailed consideration of
the subject would take us beyond the
bounds of our present purpose. In all
of the lists, however, that have been made
of the inventions and discoveries along
the lines of science that have taken place
during the nineteenth century there have
been some omissions of such importance
as to suggest a compilation of the list
that follows : '
In travel and transportation — The lo-
comotive, the steamship, the electric car,
the pneumatic tube, the bicycle, the grain
screw and elevator, the hydraulic, steam,
and electric elevators, and the horseless
carriage.
For the recording and transmission of
thought — The telegraph, the telephone,
the phonograph, the gramaphone, the
kinetescope, short-hand, the typewriter,
the mimeograph, electrotyping and ster-
eotyping, the postal card and envelope,
postage stamp, marine and military sig-
nal code, wireless telegraphy, the cylin-
der printing press and the perfecting
printing press.
In light and lighting — The friction
match, petroleum, coal gas, gasolene,
electric lighting and acetylene gas.
In heating — Steam, hot air, hot water,
and electric.
In metallurgry — The Bessemer pro-
cess of converting pig iron into steel,
Harveyized and nickle steel, the reduc-
tion of gold ores by the cyanide process.
In physical science — The unity of the
constitution of the universe, the wave
theory of light, molecular theory of mat-
ter, conservation and correlation of en-
ergy, Weber's law, vibratory theory of
atoms, variations and survivals of spe-
cies, the cell theory of organisms, the
vortex theory of atoms, overtones in
musical notes and the scientific basis of
music. ' i
In photography — Photography itself,
X rays, color photography and from it
printing in natural colors, the applica-
tion of photography to astronomy and
physiologoy, and engraving of photo-
graphs (half-tones) by acid etching.
New sciences — Geology, biology, phil-
ology, botany, history, psychology, bac-
teriology, the spectroscope, analysis of
light, chemistry and archaeology.
New inventions — Harvesting machin-
ery, cotton gin, smokeless powder, sew-
ing machine, planing and wood-working
machinery, the diamond drill, high ex-
plosives, new gases and "liquid air,"
paper-making machines, the dynamo,
breach-loading ballistics, steel building
material, the machine typesetter, armored
ships, the hydrostatic press, the turbine
water- wheel, the screw propeller, iron-
clad vessels, roller process of making
flour, stem-winding watches, logging
machinery, land cleaning machinery,
154
THE 'PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
Bowers' dredger, house-moving appar-
atus, the manufacture of ice and hermeti-
cal sealing, the compound of sulphur
with India rubber, and countless others.
In medicine and surgery — Anaesthetics
and the organic, origin of disease.
Besides these may be mentioned scien-
tific weather forecasting, which is rapidly
becoming more and more accurate, and
hence of greater importance.
It is difficult to realize that all of these
wonderful inventions and discoveries in
science have taken place during the nine-
teenth century, and that hitherto the
world has been in comparative darkness.
It is difficult to realize that we have been
so singularly fortunate above those of
other centuries, and now that the open-
ing days of a new century are at hand
we look forward with wonder, and ask,
can this continue? Is the scientific prog-
ress so wonderfully introduced by steam
to continue, or is the thought of the
world during the next century to take
some new, and to some an unexpected
turn? Present conditions point to the
latter theory as the most probable. If
so, in what line may we expect to look
for progress and development? Cer-
tainly not in literature. The field has
been too thoroughly exploited already.
Homer, Virgil, Dante, Chaucer, Spencer,
Shakespeare, Milton, Byron, Browning,
Goethe, Schiller, Hugo and Hawthorne
are not likely to be equalled, much less
surpassed, by the literary lights of the
next century. Certainly not in art. Two
hundred centuries have struggled in vain
to reach the standard set by Greece in
sculpture and Italy in painting. Phidias
and Michael Angelo! Is the century
that produced an Edison, a Tesla, to turn
about and discredit such names as these
in art? Certainly not in philosophy.
The sturdy old philosophers of Greece
would stir in their graves at the thought.
Plato, Socrates, Descartes, Bacon, Spen-
cer. The mere mention of such names is
sufficient argument. Certainly not in
music. Rubinstein said, spme years ago:
"With the supremacy of Bismarck on
the one hand and Wagnerism on the
other, with men's ideals all reversed,
dawns the critical moment for music.
Technique" (the scientific side) "has
taken gigantic strides, but composition,
to speak frankly, has come to an end. Its
parting knell was rung when the last in-
comparable notes of Chopin died away."
Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, Haydn
and Chopin have set the standard in
music, and it is inconceivable that such a
reaction could take place after a century
of science and money-getting as to pro-
duce music more sublime than that
which has already been given to the
world. What, then, is left for us if we
are not to see the progress along any of
these lines? We may in our haste say
that there is nothing" worthy left. Ah
yes! we have forgotten. There is some-
thing higher, nobler, more divine than
literature, or art, or philosophy or music,
and it is this — the most natural thing in
the world, a reaction against a century
of headlong rush of science, and each for
himself — that is left for us. It is the
downing of the selfishness in men's na-
tures— a vast movement forward to up-
lift our fellow beings, to create more
humane conditions, to make life what it
was intended that it should be; in short,
it is to improve the social conditions of
the masses — what we call social progress.
This is the task, as we see it, for the
coming century. How well it will be
performed will not depend upon a Mich-
ael Angelo, a Plato, a Shakespeare, or a
Mozart. It will depend upon the great
masse's who are to come after us, and in
the proper performance of which each
individual will have a personal interest
and a personal stake. It will depend
upon the proper education of our sons
and daughters so that they shall be pre-
pared to meet and bear the responsibilities
which will come upon them, and nobly
perform the duties of American citizen-
ship.
J-
Much is being said and written about
the advisability of our holding the Phil-
ippines, and judging from the interest
which is taken in the question and the
diversity of opinions that are expressed
it seems inevitable that the question will
come up for final settlement at the next
presidential election. Doubtless by that
time "expansion" will be pretty well
threshed over, and the people in a posi-
tion to cast their votes intelligently. At
OUR POINT OF VIEW.
155
the present time, however, there seems
to be but one standpoint which is gener-
ally considered, and it is not altogether
to our credit that this is so; for, instead
of being actuated by the spirit which
characterized the heroes of '76, who laid
down their lives for the principle that
"government must derive its just powers
from the consent of the governed," and
the principle upon which this common-
wealth was subsequently founded, the
question has descended to this, Would it
be a good investment financially?
Surely this great nation, conceived
upon principles so diametrially opposed
to those embodied in such a question,
has not so far forgotten its heroes and its
traditions and has become so absorbed in
finances as to lose sight of the higher con-
siderations which should influence it in
deciding a question of this kind. The
question of duty here is paramount. Of
course we cannot consistently turn the
Philippines over to a foreign power,
neither can we return them to Spain for
misrule and corruption. There is no
shifting our responsibility in the matter.
But we should not force the Philippines
to accept any government that may be
obnoxious to them, whatever that gov-
ernment may be. The people to be gov-
erned are the ones to be considered.
Finances and trade advantages have
nothing to do with the preliminary ques-
tion, unless we wish to prostitute our
noblest traditions to the love of money.
If the people of the Philippines, there-
fore, accept willingly a government of
the United States pure and simple all
well and good. But if they prefer to try
it themselves under the kindly protection
of this great nation, it is clearly our duty
to let them do so. We have no rights
over the 9,000,000 people who inhabit
those islands, and there is no logical
ground on which we can compel them to
accept the form of government that we
may prescribe. Duty is the first consid-
eration, and the substitution of anything
else for it shows degeneration.
There is always a charm in turning the
pages of a new book. We take it in our
hands with feelings akin to reverence
and pride, and vistas of thought rise be-
fore us. We have put the old book aside.
Its leaves are perhaps torn and soiled,
and though we lay it away with relief,
nevertheless there are present feelings of
regret as well. Here is a page that rep-
resents some neglected opportunity, and
we turn it quickly. Here a page full of
pleasanter recollections, and there an-
other of regret. But the old book is
done with now. Its torn leaves and
memories are things of the past, and we
put it back upon the shelf. We handle
the new book reverently. Its immense
possibilities fill us with awe. So it is
with the years of our lives. We have
put aside the old volume with its 365
pages of cares, joys and sorrows. A new
book awaits our reading, and men pause
with its unopened pages before them,
wondering what this marvelous book of
life has to tell — whether of further joys
or sorrows, triumphs or failures, and
there springs up in the heart of each
man the determination to do his part
well, to make the most of the reading.
Thus we are brought face to face with
one of the strongest impulses of the
human race — the desire for improvement.
The pity of it all is that the resolutions
which are the outcome of this are made
only to be broken. The leaves of the
new book are turned with haste or care-
lessness. The meaning of the divinely
written pages is misunderstood or mis-
interpreted through that indifference
which amounts too often to skepticism,
and so the story of human life and fruit-
less endeavor goes on and on in a never-
ending succession of volumes, and man
learns but little after all from the perusal
of the book of years. And yet some
good must come even from broken reso-
lutions, and the world is better because
they have been made. The strong man,
however, does not make resolutions. He
acts. "Let us make no vows," there-
fore, "but let us act as if we had."
J*
The fact still remains that the article
by Captain Cleveland Rockwell on the
"Physical Characteristics of the North-
west," which appeared in our October
number, is by far the most interesting
and comprehensive article of the kind
that has yet appeared in print. We are
156
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
constantly receiving the most flattering
notices from different parts of the coun-
try concerning it, and are moved to men-
tion the matter to our readers as a gen-
tle reminder at this time because so much
worthless stuff is being foisted upon the
public in the guise of annual "literature."
J*
Owing to the fact that so many chan-
ges have been made in this issue in re-
gard to the type, paper and general
make-up of the magazine, we have been
compelled to publish a little later than
usual. Our purpose has been, and al-
ways will be, to improve the magazine
from month to month, and we wish to
express again our deep appreciation of
the many kind suggestions and criti-
cisms that we have received looking to
the improvement and success of the pub-
lication. In this connection we would
like to call the attention of our readers
and the public generally to the Portland
firms who are so liberally patronizing
The Pacific Monthly. It is the adver-
tiser who has made the American maga-
zine, the magazine which stands head
and shoulders above those of the rest of
the world, possible, and it is to him that
we must look for support. The best way,
therefore, to encourage a magazine here
is to read our advertisements, and, when
trading with a firm whose advertisement
appears herein, to mention the fact that
you saw the "ad." This is a small favor
to ask of our readers, and a word of this
kind here and there will be gratefully ap-
preciated. Try it. You will be glad if
you do. A further word in regard to
the date of publication of The Pacific
Monthly. For the next few months we
propose to issue on the 15th of the
< month, but later on to come out on the
first, working gradually to that end.
The short story, "That Good May
Come," which appears in this number of
The Pacific Monthly, is equal in its way
to "The Other Woman," that brief but
intensely interesting study in speculative
morality written a few years since, by
Richard Harding Davis, and published
in The Interior. It is a story that com-
pels thought, and while it is suggestive
of the everlasting tragedy that underlies
human love and life it is not altogether
sorrowful. Let him who reads learn if
he can a lesson, but it is first of all a
warning to the woman. This is our rea-
son for reproducing it here.
It is not by precept alone that the great
lessons of human life were, or are ever to
be, taught. Love, the author of the sen-
tient universe, became the example of
supreme self-abnegation that all man-
kind might learn the secret of the happi-
ness that is the birthright of the race.
"When all's said, and all's suffered and done
The secret in four little letters
Lies clasped: it is love that men live by!"
Xot blind devotion to the individual,
though that, too, has its place and mis-
sion in the shaping of human destiny, but
the wide, far-reaching tender heart that
enfolds all humankind and beats in uni-
son with the great heart of the world, —
the love that understands, that strives al-
ways to uplift, to improve, to restore;
that builds, perhaps upon the mountain
top, perhaps in some quiet corner of the
valley, a temple to the Ideal and keeps
the alter fire forever burning though the
physical man hungers for daily bread or
dines upon a crust, ft is the man who is
ready to sacrifice material comfort, the
things men in the aggregate have grown
to esteem necessities, but will never low-
er his standards or desecrate his ideal,
who has learned how to live. Such an
one, — it may be he is an artist patiently
working out with palette and brush the
beauty that illumes his soul, teaching by
means of color the single note in the
harmony of the Universal Whole that is
given him to teach; he may be a mu-
sician, an orator, a writer of books, a
man of affairs, a political leader; he may
stand in the full front of the public gaze
or he may toil in obscurity, — but what-
ever and wherever he may be, he is pre-
eminently a teacher, divinely taught, who
lives and works that others may live and
learn.
FOR JANUARY.
Scribncr's
The Rough Riders. ..Theodore Roosevelt
On the Fever Ship
Richard Harding Davis
Though We Repent
Louise Chandler Moulton
The Letters of Robert Louis Stevenson
Edited by Sidney Colvin
The Entomologist George W. Cable
The British Army Manoeuvres
Capt. W. Elliott Cairnes
The Muse's Tragedy Edith Wharton
Song Richard Hovey
The Peach Arthur Cosslett Smith
Search-Light Letters Robert Grant
A Ride Into Cuba for the Red Cross..
Charles R. Gill, M. D.
With the Sirdar
Major Edward Stuart Wortley
"Though we repent, can any God give back
The dear, lost days we might have made so
fair —
Turn false to true, and carelessness to care,
And let us find again what now we lack?"
Louise Chandler Moulton's little poem
strikes a note too true to be ignored.
"Though we repent," what have we, after
all, but the dust and ashes of Dead Sea
apples as the fruit of our repentance!
Richard Hovey, the handsome dark-
bearded writer of very charming verse,
has a little "song" in the January Scrib-
ner's that is more than ordinarily sweet
and touching. In the first installment
of "The Entomologist," George W.
Cable proves that he has lost none of his
power to charm. Nothing could exceed
in delicate finish the description of that
great event, the capture of the Psyche
crew. "And all this life and beauty, this
gay glory and tremorous esctacy and
effort was here for moth-love of one in-
carnate fever of frail-winged loveliness!"
The bit of moralizing that follows is
exquisite. Only Cable can carry us into
that delightful atmosphere of bloom — of
blossoming flowers and flowering hu-
manity. In "Search-Light Letters,"
Robert Grant is somewhat severe in his
treatment of would-be "first-class passen-
gers," the men and women without
ideals. But it cannot be possible that
"Solomon Grundy" represents Mr.
Grant's idea of the average American.
"The Muse's Tragedy" is so obviously
a woman's story that one does not need
Edith Wharton's signature to know that
it was written by one of the sisterhood.
No one but a woman would so betray
the sex. There are two men whom the
world loved and still loves — not reveres
and honors, particularly, but loves, and
one of these is Robert Louis Stevenson,
who though dead yet lives in the hearts
of his readers. The letters edited by
Colvin are interesting only because they
reveal more of the beloved personality
of the writer.
The Cosmopolitan —
The Making of Stained-Glass Windows
Theodore Dreiser
Princes of Egypt. .. Charles Chaille-Long
In Dreamy Hawaii George Merrill
The Coming Electric Railroad
Sydney Short
Joseph's Dream Grant Allen
Electing a Governor. . .Samuel G. Blythe
Banked Fires Anna A. Rogers
A Curious Indian Burial Place
Jennie Lown
Irish Leaders in Many Nations
John Paul Bocock
The Jews in Jesusalem
Edwin S.. Wallace
Autobiography of Napoleon Bonaparte..
Cradle Song Wingrove Bathon
For Maids and Mothers — The- Over-
taught Woman. .Harry Thurston, Peck
Some Picture Books of Olden Days . .
Mary E. Allen
Great Problems in Organization
: Charles R. Flint
The Philippines— Shall They Be An-
nexed? A H. Whitfield
A Plea to Peace Ella Wheeler Wilcox
Sydney Short writes entertainingly in
this number of the possibilities and prob-
abilities of electricity supplanting steam.
"Joseph's Dream" is one of Grant Al-
len's very vivid illustrations of what
might happen. "The Autobiography"
of the great Napoleon is at last finished,
though the mystery remains. But mys-
tery or no — the autobiography has been
one of the most interesting expositions
158
THE PACIFIC MONTHL Y.
of the life and times of Napoleon that has
been given to the public. "The Over-
taught Woman" is, to my mind, the most
important article between the covers of
the Cosmopolitan for January. Every
mother who has daughters to educate
should read it and ponder. Every young
woman who is spurred by an ambition to
obtain a "higher education" and to emu-
late man in his specialized work, should
peruse Mr. Harry Thurston Peck's wise
dissertation upon the incompetencies of
sex and be warned in time. George W.
Merrill gives one the idea that "In
Dreamy Hawaii" life is next door to
Paradise, and Jennie Lown describes
Mimaluse Island, in the Columbia river,
where the Chinook Indians in by-gone
days were wont to deposit the bodies of
their dead.
McClurc's —
Voyaging Under the Sea Simon Lake
Stalky & Co Rudyard Kipling
The Day of Battle Stephen Bonsai
The War on the Sea and Its Lessons
Capt. A. T. Mahon, U. S. A.
Rising Wolf-Ghost Dancer
Hamlin Garland
The Parrot and the Melodrama
E. Nesbit
The Later Life of Lincoln
Ida M. Tarbell
From War to War F. W. Hewes
The Scotch Express Stephen Crane
The Regular Fighting Man
James Barnes
Hamlin Garland is a realist, but he is
also a poet and an artist, and so is saved
from the bareness and bleakness that
usually follows in the wake of realism.
This virile Westerner paints pictures,
only he uses his pen instead of a brush,
and the colors he mixes upon his palette
are words that glow. "Rising Wolf,"
and the description of the Ghost Dance
in McClure's for this month is somewhat
different from anything that he has here-
tofore written. Kipling's "Stalky &
Co." is quite as good as the two preced-
ing stories of the series, but somehow
Messrs. Stalky Beetle and McTurk are
not so interesting in this number. Per-
haps they are growing up too fast.
Stephen Crane is always Stephen Crane,
no matter whether he writes of war or
peace or speeding express trains. Simon
Lake's description of the "Argonaut,"
the submarine boat, is wonderful enough
to turn Jules Verne pale with envy.
"The Parrot and the Melodrama," by E.
Nesbit, is a delightfully written bit of
romance of the rather old-fashioned sort,
and ends as all romances should, in a
marriage.
Harper's —
The Naval Campaign of 1898 in the
West Indies S. A. Staunton, U. S. A.
Their Silver Wedding Journey
William Dean Howells
A Glimpse of Nubia, Miscalled "The
Soudan" Capt. T. C. S. Speedy
The Weakness of the Executive
Power in Democracy
Henry Loomis Nelson
The Love of Parson Lord
Mary E. Wilkins
The Span of Life
. .Wm. McLennan and J. N. Mcllwraith
The Sultan at Home
Sidney Whitman, F. R. G. S.
The Naval Lessons of the War
H. W. Wilson
The Romance of Chinkapin Castle. .
Ruth McEnery Stuart
Fifty Years of Francis Joseph
Sydney Brooks
Brother Jonathan's Colonies
Albert Bushnell Hart
Bismarck the Man and the Statesman
Charlton T. Lewis
Story F. Hopkinson Smith
Sidney Whitman may be right in his
estimate of the Turk, as an individual,
but English-speaking people, in the light
of modern history, must question the
correctness of his views of him as a na-
tion. We are willing to believe in the
gratitude — in that "feeling of attachment
towards English and Englishmen in gen-
eral"—but we do take with a grain of al-
lowance the assertion that England has
made a mistake, an irretrievable blunder
in her treatment of the "unspeakable."
Captain T. C. S. Speed} 's "Glimpse of
Nubia" is full of interest, particularly
that portion of it descriptive of native
hunting. In speaking of Bismarck's au-
tobiography in January Harper's, Charl-
ton T. Lewis says: "It is a book of con-
fessions, conscious and unconscious.
There is nothing like it in literature. * * *
The greatest men have almost always
been too reserved for the curious interest
of posterity; and when, like Frederick II
and Napoleon, they have been eager and
lavish in giving information, we must be
THE MAGAZINES.
159
glad to accept it, not as what we wish
for, but as what they would have us see.
The curtain is lifted, but the scenes are
set to shut off most of the stage. Bismarck,
on the other hand, gives us an unre-
PZVINCE BT^lARCK
After an engraving
Copyright. 1898, by Harpkr k Frothfrs
served sweep of vision, a reckless thor-
oughness of exposure, which seems to
negative all concealment." Mary E.
Wilkins has given us, in "The Love of
Parson Lord" a story so sweet and
touching that, coming from her pen, it is
a surprise. For once she has made the
New England character loveable in spite
of its hardness and coldness.
Century —
The Carlyles in Scotland. ..John Patrick
Jonathan and John. .Charles D. Roberts
On a Boy's First Reading of "Henry
V." S. Weir Mitchell
Via Crusis F. Marion Crawford
Uncle Still's Famous Weather Pre-
diction Ruth McBnery Stuart
Alexander the Great
Benjamin Ide Wheeler
The Many-Sided Franklin
Paul Leicester Ford
The Darkened Day. .John Vance Cheney
Carlyle's Dramatic Portrayal of Char-
acter Florence Hotchkiss
His Wife Mrs. Poultney Bigelow
The Sinking of the Merrimac
Lieutenant Hobson
An American in Madrid During the
War Edmund Kelly
"You Taught Me Memory"
Curtis Hidden Page
Advantages of the Nicaragua Canal..
Capt. A. S. Crownenshield, U. S. N.
The Limerick Tigers
Harry Stillwell Edwards
Ruth McEnery Stuart's negro stories
are always enjoyable. She understands
her subject and her characters are real.
"Uncle Still's Famous Weather Predic-
tion" is quite as good as anything she
has produced. "The Darkened Day," by
John Vance Cheney, strikes again that
new note that has of late appeared in his
verse, the tender, half-sadness that is like
the influence of a sunny October after-
noon— vaguely, deliciously felt, but not
understood. Mrs. Poultney Bigelow's
little story points a moral with a ven-
geance, and the reader's sympathies are
all with "The Wife." "The Limerick
Tigers" is rollicking with fun, though
probably to the "Tigers" themselves
their experiences appear to verge upon
tragedy. There is something peculiar
apparent at times in Lieutenant Hob-
son's literary style in his account of "The
Sinking of the Merrimac," but it is good
reading nevertheless, and it is well that
it was written. "Via Crusis" is not alto-
gether equal to the prior work of the au-
thor. Marion Crawford is happier in a
summer latitude. He is not so much, or
so delightfully at home in England as
beneath the warm blue skies of Italy.
However in this number the scene shifts
to the south, and Mr. Crawford is get-
ting back into his semi-native environ-
ment.
Munsey's —
Our Relations With the Far East. .
Charles Denby
An Unromantic Romance. .A. J. Gillette
The Advance of American Dramatic
Art Clement Scott
A Spanish Painter in America
Lena Cooper
The King's Mirror Anthony Hope
The Point of View. . . .Walter L. Hawley
Luxurious Bachelordom. .James L. Ford
The Garden of Swords.. Max Pemberton
"From the Depths of Some Divine
Despair" Tom Hall
The Home of Jefferson. Maud H. Peterson
Should Fortune Come
Theodosia P. Garrison
Swallow H. Rider Haggard
Afloat Grace H. Boutelle
Something More About Advertising..
Frank A. Munsey
The most interesting thing in Mun-
sey's this month is the beginning of An-
160 THE "PACIFIC MONTHLY.
thony Hope's new story, "The Mirror of enveloped when we beheld and admired
the King." It is written as only An- them through the rosy mists of our child-
thony Hope can write, and it bids fair to hood days. The particular personage to
outclass "The Prisoner of Zenda" in whom we are introduced in the opening
point of literary merit. There is a dig- chapters of this new royal chronicle is a
nity and seriousness apparent that in no very fascinating youth, and already the
way detracts from the graceful ease of possibilities for future romantic compli-
Mr. Hope's inimitable style. This is a cations are in sight. But there is some-
republican age, but in spite of it we like thing besides romance here, a deeper
to be presented at court, and this enter- vein than has hitherto characterized the
taining writer permits his readers to as- work of Anthony Hope Hawkins,
sociate on the most intimate terms with Frank Munsey has something more to
royalty. Kings and queens, princes and say about "Advertising" that is well
princesses, become under his generous worth reading, since it is doubtless the
and kindly treatment delightfully human, outcome of practical experience. And
and yet lose nothing of the fairy-like Rider Haggard's "Swallow" is nearly
glamour of romance in which they were ready for her homeward flight.
To the Oregon Grape.
In the crown of our land I will twine me a
flower,
Which Nature hath given our woods for a
dower,
Whose glossy green leaf robs the sun of its
fire,
And seems wet, as with rain, in its lustrous
attire.
The glintings of gold in its round blossoms
shine,
In its fruit is the red of the generous wine,
Or a tint amethystine perchance 'twill dis-
close,
Or a jewel of jet 'mid the cold wintry snows.
From the summits' basaltic whence water-
falls pour,
Their bright crystal floods with a deafening
roar
To the canyons below where the sun arrows
gleam,
Through the whispering alders that bend o'er
the stream,
The crisp crinkled leaf of our plant shall up-
rear,
Its sharp pointed lances from year unto year.
Defending its own, as our sons shall defend
Our State from invasion till cycles shall end.
Ever bloom on our hills, give thy smile to
our vales,
When the Spring on the soft breeze its frag-
rance exhales,
Or the Summer or Fall o'er the forest doth
throw
Its robe, or the Winter its mantle of snow.
Fit emblem of beauty, of vigor and wealth —
A Trinity joined in the Godhead of Health —
For a giant who rears hoary Hood as his
crest,
And kneels with rapt face to the wave of
the West.
/. W. Whalley.
A RECORD OP THE WORLD'S PROGRESS.
In Politics —
The Paris journals publish the predic-
tion made by the recently deceased
Hutchinson Bowles, who was the cor-
respondent for the London Standard
from that city, that England would make
war upon France. The Canadian press
is united in its expression of the belief
that nothing is to be gained through the
American-Canadian commission for
Canada by appealing to the sympathetic
side of Uncle Sam's nature. It is gen-
erally conceded that when the United
States begins to realize the value of the
Canadian market there will be a change
of front. "America will pay a fair price
for Canadian trade when she discovers
that it is wanted elsewhere," says the Ot-
tawa Free Press. William J. Bryan, in
a speech at Lincoln, Nebraska, Decem-
ber 23, declares that the "American peo-
ple have not accepted the gold standard
as final." He deplored the growth of
what he calls the "paper money trust,"
which he considered a greater menace to
the country than any foreign foe could
be. Joseph H. Walker, who is chairman
of the house banking and currency com-
mittee, gives out the opinion that there
will be no currency legislation passed by
congress before 1904. His reasons for
this belief is a lack of agreement between
those in authority at Washington.
Twenty million dollars are to be paid to
Spain as "indemnity" for her losses in
the recent war. It is well done, for
Spain. She shifts a respons bility which
she was no longer able to meet, lays
down a burden too heavy for her to
carry, and preserves her honor and re-
plenishes her depleted treasury.
In Literature —
"A Fleet in Being," Kipling's splendid
tribute to the British navy, is fully appre-
ciated by the Spectator, which does not
hesitate to declare it a piece of truly
patriotic work, and his best. One of its
most commendable features, according
to the Spectator, is its beautiful discre-
tion in telling only those things that
make for the honor and glory of Eng-
lish maritime power and leaving unsaid
all that could in any way reflect discredit
upon the navy, which is one way of say-
ing that. Mr. Kipling tells the truth, but
not the whole truth, and is a clear con-
fession on the part of the great London
authority, that there are things on the
English seas that will not bear exposure
in the strong searchlight of public print.
William Watson's collected poems are at
last given to the world in one precious
volume, and the world is receiving them
with due measure of gratitude. Glowing
color, virile strength, melody as pure and
sweet and tender as the "music of the
spheres," beauty of form and feature —
all these are in William Watson's verse,
and more. He is one of the world's
great singers. Thomas Hardy has pro-
duced a volume of verse which he ap-
propriately calls "Wessex Poems."
Hardy's poetry is too much like his prose
to be attractive. There is altogether too
much of the unhappy and hopeless real-
ism that characterizes "Jude the Ob-
scure" apparent in these poems to make
them pleasant reading." The New God,"
by Richard Voss, is described as a "won-
der tale" by the critics. It is a story of
the Christ, and is the work of a poet
rather than of a novelist. Theodore
Watts Dunton has produced two re-
markable novels, "Aylwin," and "The
Coming of Love." These books are not-
able for the fact that some of the most
interesting literary characters of the age
figure, thinly disguised, in their pages.
Ian Maclaren has published another
book. It is called "Afterwards," and it
is not about Drumtochy. Pinero's
"Trelawny of the Wells" is the successful
play of the month.
162
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
In Art-
Barnard's new work, "The Hewers," is
now ready to be put into marble. The
clay model just finished has been photo-
graphed, and reveals the inspiration of a
genius that compels recognition. This
figure, "The Hewer," is one of a colossal
group which the sculptor has designed
and sketched in miniature. Whether the
group is ever completed or not this one
figure is in itself a noble work of art, and
one of which America may well be proud.
Laura Carroll Dennis says of Bar-
nard: "Art to him is the expres-
sion of life, and though he stands
on the mountain top, his heart throbs
with the great heart of humanity."
Emil Sauer, the young pianist of whom
it is predicted that he will eclipse Pader-
cwski, arrives in America this month.
He has already captured Berlin, London
and St. Petersburg. It remains to be
seen how a New York audience will re-
ceive him.
In Science —
Six new chemical elements have been
discovered since the beginning of the
year 1898. These are krypton, neon,
metargon, coronium, polonium and eth-
erion. Etherion is much lighter than
hydrogen, and is a better conductor of
heat. It is claimed that it exists not only
in the solar atmosphere and in that of the
earth, but that it is diffused throughout
all space. The physiological effect of
music has already been recognized, and
it is now proposed to utilize it in the
treatment of certain diseases, particular-
ly in nervous maladies. Hellite is a new
explosive of American manufacture and
invention, the power of which is almost
beyond belief. It is comparatively noise-
less, and has already passed the experi-
mental stage.
Leading Events —
December 1. — Governor Tanner, of Illinois,
is indicted by the grand jury for omission of
duty in connection with the Virden coal
miners' riots, October 12. The French
government issues a decree forbidding the
importation of fruits and plants from the
United States President Alfaro, of Ecua-
dor, assumes a dictatorship over that coun-
try.
December 2. — Emperor Francis Joseph's
semi-centennial jubilee is observed through-
out Austria The United States is recog-
nized as the supreme power in the province
of Santiago de Cuba.
December 3. — American officials begin the
work of cleaning the streets of Havana.
December 4. — President Zelaya, of Nica-
raugua, appoints a new cabinet.
December 5. — General Henry succeeds Gen-
eral Brooke as military commander in Porto
Rico The closing session of the Fifty-fifth
congress begins with the reading of Presi-
dent McKinley's annual message.
KMILIO AGUINALDO
From dARPER's Weekly. Copyright, 1898, by Harper &
Brothers.
December 1-17. — Massachusetts cities hold
elections Two thousand Spanish troops
sail from Havana for Spain Orders are is-
sued for the establishment at Havana of the
United States garrison, to consist of the
Eighth and Tenth infantry.
December 7. — Mass-meetings are held in
Chicago to protest against the extension of
the street-railroad franchises for fifty years.
December 8.— The United States senate
takes up the Nicaragua Canal bill The
house passes tne urgent deficiency appropria-
tion bill, providing funds for the support of
the army and navy— The court of cassa-
THE SMONTH.
163
tion at Paris oraers a stay of proceedings in
the Picquart court-martial Henry Laven-
den is elected a member of the French Acad-
emy.
December 9. — M. de Geirs, the new Russian
minister to China, presents his credentials
to the emperor, declining to recognize the
Dowager Empress.
December 10. — The American and Spanish
commissioners at Paris sign the peace treaty
William Black, the novelist, dies.
December 11.— General Calixto Garcia dies.
December 12. — Major-General Ludlow is
appointed first military and civil governor of
Havana In the house of representatives,
Hepburn, of Iowa, introduces a bill appro-
priating $140,000,000 for the construction of
the Nicaragua canal.
December 13. — Major-General Brooke is ap-
pointed military and civil governor of Cuba
The resignation of Sir William Vernon
Harcourt as leader of the British liberal
party is announced Former Chief Justice
J. B. Waite, of the Oregon supreme court,
dies The corporation of Yale University
accepts the resignation of President Dwight.
December 14. — The United States senate
continues to debate the Nicaragua Canal bill
President McKinley addresses the Geor-
gia legislature at Atlanta.
December 15. — Spain agrees to pay the
January coupon on the Cuban debt The
United States senate passes the urgent de-
fiviency appropriation bill for the immediate
needs of the army and navy M. Muller is
elected president of the Swiss confederation
A warrant is issued in Paris for the ar-
rest of Count Ferdinand Esterhazy in con-
nection with the Dreyfus case.
December 10. — The American peace com-
missioners leave Paris The house passes
a bill to extend the customs and revenue iaw
of the United States over Hawaii.
December 17. — The house passes the Indian
appropriation bill.
December 18.— The Spanish peace commis-
sioners arrive at Madrid.
December 19.— Mr. O. H. Piatt, of Connec-
ticut, defends the right of the United States
to hold territory under any form of govern-
ment it pleases.
December 20. — President McKinley returns
to Washington The French senate adopts
a bill prescribing death for state officials who
are guilty of treason in time of peace.
December 21. — Generals Miles and Merritt
testify before t^e war investigating commis-
sion at Washington.
December 23. — Colonel Roosevelt's reports
on the fighting before Santiago are made
public.
December 23. — Spain's minister to the col-
onies announces that the payment of the
coupons of the Cuban bonds has been as-
sured.
December 24. — Agoncillo and Lopez, the
Filipino envoys, arrive in New York.
December 25. — Three thousand employes
are thrown out of work by the closing down
of the cotton factories in Augusta, Georgia.
December 20. — General Merritt, at Chicago,
discusses the situation in the Philippines.
December 27. — American troops are fired
upon in Havana Porto Rico makes known
her desire to be admitted to the United States
as a territory.
December 28. — General Brooke refuses to
recognize the Cuban insurgent army
Ho Ho falls into the hands of the Filipinos.
December 29. — The Cubans again petition
General Brooke to be permitted to take part
in the celebration of the Spanish evacuation
and are refused.
December 30. — The Cubans consent to post-
pone their celebration of independence.
December 31. — At Washington orders are
issued for additional troops to Cuba to assist
in maintaining good government there.
Some Day I Shall Meet My Love.
In years to come, the Time unwinds
The tangled skein of days and nights —
The silken threads of dreams strung thick
With promises of dear delights —
Perhaps when summer's soft wind blows,
Perhaps when falls the winter snows —
But some day I shall meet my love.
And some day I shall know my love,
And watch her eyes with love-light shine,
Some day shall feel the tender warmth
And radiance of her smile divine.
And heaven itself shall stoop to be
One with our great felicity
When some day I shall know my love.
Ah some day I shall woo my love
With tender words and kisses sweet,
And my true heart witn all its love
And passion lay at her dear feet.
And she will reach her hand to me
And whisper, "Love, I love but thee,"
When some day I shall woo my love.
Ah some day I shall wed my love,
And with love's magic golden key,
Unlock t_e door to that sweet joy
That yet is nameless mystery.
And we shall wander hand in hand
Through that fair flower-enchanted land,
When some day I shall wed my love.
Lischen M. Miller.
The Semi-Centennial History of Ore-
gon, the first of a series of historical
bulletins issued by the university of Ore-
gon and edited by Professor F. G.
Young, is welcomed as the public begin-
ning of a work whose value to the state
and to posterity it is difficult to over-
estimate. This number serves to intro-
duce and explain in a clear and compre-
hensive manner the nature and import of
the series. In the supplement which is
particularly well written, the editor says:
"The settlement of Oregon was the cli-
max and consummation of the march of
the American people across the conti-
nent. The Pacific was first reached by
the American pioneer in the Oregon re-
gion. The passages made by the pio-
neer families across a 2000-mile stretch
of wilderness made up of plain, parched
desert and rugged mountainous regions
— all infested by fiercest savages — have
no parallel in history. These migra-
tions rank in the history of colonization
where the voyages of Columbus and Ma-
gellan rank in the history of maritime
discovery."
Professor Young has been engaged
for several years in gathering together
the authentic records of the early set-
tlement of Oregon, the letters, the diar-
ies, the written and verbal accounts of
pioneer experience. This material he is
carefully examining and classifying, as
it comes into his hands, rejecting noth-
ing that can add, in the smallest measure,
to the completeness and value of the his-
torical report and accepting only that
which is verified truth. The organiza-
tion of a state historical society, of which
Professor Young is the head will prove
without question a very helpful factor in
the work which so far, has been a labor
of love on the part of the able editor and
historian.
"And Cyrano de Bergerac — you have
read the play — what do you think of it?
How did it impress you?"
"Ah ! At first I was amused, then in-
terested, and at last filled with a sweet
and elevating sadness, a sympathy that
was admiration, a tenderness suffused as
with golden sunlight. It is beyond crit-
icism because it touches the heart and
appeals to the soul."
"Bismarck's Autobiography," pub-
lished by Harper & Broth&rs, gives us
almost a complete history of Europe dur-
ing the last three-quarters of a century,
but more than that it gives us a clear in-
sight into the private and public life of
the man who, perhaps more than any
other, made this history.
The sympathy of the world was with
Bismarck when, a few years ago, he was
forced to resign the chancellorship and
retire to his country place at Friedrichs-
ruh, with nothing before him but the
cheerless prospect of an idle and inactive
old age. He had always been in the thick
of events, and it goes without saying that
the day of his retirement was the bitter-
est day of his long life. But as we now
see it, that day was a most auspicious
one for the world. For had the Iron
Chancellor remained in public lite, it is
probable that his monumental autobiog-
raphy would never have been written,
and we would never have known the
great diplomat as he really was. The
idea of an autobiography was first sug-
gested to Bismarck in 1889, but as he
was still in active public service at that
time, it was impossible for him to attempt
such a task. But after he had sur-
lendered the reins of government and
had retired to his peaceful retreat at
Friedrichsruh, the thought became more
and more pleasing to him. He was a
man after Kipling's own heart. He
liked to do things, and with his life be-
hind him and the monotony of idleness
before, it was with relief that he turned
to the doing of his last great work,
telling the story of his life. Like
Napoleon on St. Helena, with the mem-
"BOOKS.
165
ory of his past greatness, living over
again Jena, Wagram, Waterloo and
Austerlitz, one may imagine Bismarck
watching from afar the political arena
and longing to be again at the helm,
setting his course for the nation. And
in telling this his own story, Bismarck is
once again in the strife, he lives in the
old time fighting days, and while in the
old library at Friedrichsruh he dictated
this wonderful biography to Lothar
— ucher, the fire and vival picturesque-
ness of his words prove beyond a doubt
that the old statesman, in spirit at least,
was living again in the days when he had
at last realized his ambition, when
France was crushed and Germany
united.
j*
The announcement of a new novel by
H. G. Wells, the far-famed author of
"The War of the Worlds," will be of
TT. G. Wells
(By Courtesy of Hnrper tt Brothers)
Interest to a large portion of the read-
ing world that took pleasure in that
ececntric, fantastic, and delightfully im-
possible flight of fancy. This new novel
is entitled "When the Sleeper Wakes/'
and is to appear as a serial in Harper's
Weekly during 1899.
j»
Herbert Bashford, whose poems have
already won a degree of recognition from
an appreciative public, has produced
through Whitaker & Ray, of San Fran-
cisco, a volume, of vefse, "Songs of the
Puget Sea," that is attractive in appear-
ance. It is a dainty little book in white
and green and gold, and the type is clear
and the paper all that it should be. Of
the quartrains that make up the latter
half of the volume the best is this:
"When dashing, gallant Custer fell he gave
The world a shining name Time cannot dim;
He was a soldier so intensely brave
That even Courage paled to follow him."
There is another, "A Sea Picture,"
that is faultless. "The Derelict" is the
one poem of the many that is not marred
by a false note :
"Men come not nigh when they pass me by,
For they fear me, everyone,
As I cleave the gray of the dawning day
Or drowse, in the summer sun.
Past unknown isles, for miles and miles
I wander away to where
The iceberg lifts and the salt spray drifts
In the freezing Arctic air.
I steal by the bars when the flame-winged
stars
Have swarmed in the upper blue,
And the glow and shine of the drenching
brine
Like the white fire burns me through.
I haunt as a ghost the rock-girt coast
Where the bell-bouy loudly rings
And the breakers leap to the mighty sweep
Of the night wind's sable wings."
Mr. Bashford has an unhappy way of
marring his work by inartistic touches.
His verses, with a few exceptions, are
like pictures that are spoiled by an awk-
ward stroke of the brush at the finish.
Beautiful things come out of the South
besides magnolia blossoms and George
W. Cable's Creole stories, and not the
least beautiful that has appeared during
the year just closed is Howard Weeden's
"Shadows on the Wall," a volume of
negro portraits and verse dedicated to
"The Absent." The black faces that ac-
company each little poem are drawn
from life by one who knows and loves
and understands her subjects. We are so
accustomed to seeing the negro carica-
tured that these countenances, tender,
sad, or rollicking with fun, as the case
may be, are a revelation.
College Correspondence
University of Oregon, Eugene.
Now that the holidays have passed the
students are studying fiercely. The
amount of method in their madness will
appear at the "exams," which are to be
held the first week in February.
A valuable little book, which is all our
own, has just come from the university
press. Professor Carson has compiled
the standard rules and regulations gov-
erning the making of good English
prose, especially for the use of the Eng-
lish department in the university, al-
though in the preface she expresses the
hope that the book will become valuable
to all the students. Brief, but clear and
concise in wording and form, this book
gives, in small compass, the important
rules, leaving out, what so many books
of like nature do not, that which is ex-
traneous and confusing. A notable
thing is the number of blank pages in-
terspersed to be filled at the student's
discretion. Intended for use on the
home campus only, this book would be
of great assistance to students elsewhere.
On Friday, January 6, a committee
of senators and representatives from the
legislature visited the various class-
rooms. They were also present at the
assembly, where each member made a
few remarks appropriate to the occasion.
Cheered by the success of last year,
the U. or O. Glee Club is continuing its
work with enthusiasm. Though many
of the members of the '97- '98 club are
not in the university, the complement of
membership is full, and the club is earn-
estly at work preparing for its tenth con-
cert, to be given some time in March.
Under so energetic and interested a
leader as Professor Glen, the club cannot
fail to repeat its last year's history and
add still more chapters.
Laura Miller.
J*
University of Washington.
At the public inauguration of Frank
Pierrepont Graves, Ph. D., LL. D., as
president of the university of Washing-
ton, addresses were delivered by Presi-
dent David Starr Jordan, of Stanford
University, and Hon. John R. Rogers,
governor of the state of Washington, to
a large audience of the distinguished
men and women of the commonwealth.
President George H. King, of the board
of regents, remarked that the board of
regents hoped the new president would
continue his administration for a score
of years at least. Everything promises a
prosperous career for this institution,
and its friends have gathered new hope
and courage from the auspicious an-
nouncements at the president's inaugur-
ation.
On commencement day over 50
students will be graduated from the uni-
versity. This is by far the largest grad-
uating class in the history of the insti-
tution.
George Cameron King, of California,
one of the privates in Roosevelt's fa-
mous regiment of "rough riders," gave
a lecture in the university recently on
"The Battles in Cuba."
Students in the departments of geol-
ogy, chemistry and biology have organ-
ized the geological society of the uni-
versity of Washington. They began
their existence as a society in a modest
way, and have already given several pro-
grammes, made up of papers showing
an earnest and studious research into the
problems discussed.
The winter schools for miners is prov-
ing a success. Between 20 and 30 min-
ing men are taking advantage of the
work offered. The increase in this work
has necessitated the employment of a
new instructor in metallurgy and min-
ing. The new member of the faculty is
Dorsey A. Lyon, A. B.. of Standford
University. Dr. Lincoln D. Godsball,
superintendent of the Puget Sound Re-
duction works, at Everett, who is a mem-
ber of the board of regents, is giving a
series of practical lectures in this winter
school for miners.
COLLEGE CORRESPONDENCE.
167
Rev. William M. Barker, D. D., Bish-
op of Olympia, has contributed to the
university library a valuable catalogue
of "Facsimiles of Manuscripts in Euro-
pean Archives, Relating to America."
The free Saturday courses for public
school teachers and others are still well
attended by large classes of earnest stu-
dents.
Edmond S. Meany.
Leland Stanford Junior University.
January i was the day for new vows,
and this semester opens with a rush of
renewed energy and determination.
Encina Hall, in spite of examinations,
took on a gay appearance the last Friday
of the semester, for a regulation "cake
walk," in which dusky gallants and
beauties in gaudy colors danced to
Darktown music on the polished floor
of the Encina clubroom.
On Tuesday evening, December 20,
the Encina students presented Captain
Forrest S. Fisher, of the Varsity eleven
with a solid silver loving cup, with a
cardinal pennant and white block "S"
in enamel, as a token of their appreci-
ation of his services as 'varsity captain
and halfback.
Chester Murphy, of Salem, Or., the
popular quarterback, has been chosen
captain for 1899. He is one of the best
individual players Stanford has ever
turned out, and has proven himself a
star player and an excellent field-general.
His eighty-yard run in this year's 'var-
sity game has not been equalled in inter-
collegiate games on the coast. It is a
notable fact that Murphy, a Salem, Or.,
boy, succeeds Fisher, who hails from The
Dalles, Or,, giving Oregon a good rep-
resentation of captains.
A movement has been begun in the
senior class to raise a fund for the erec-
tion of an athletic training house for the
university teams. The co-operation of
the alumni, students, faculty and friends
of the university is to be enlisted. The
house as planned will cost in the neigh-
borhood of $4000, and will have, it is
hoped, a dining-room and kitchen for
training tables, an assembly-room with
fireplace, dressing-room with lockers,
hot and cold showers, rubbing and
steam rooms. The movement is in
charge of the '99 finance committee, ot
which Forrest S. Fisher is chairman.
0. C. Letter.
J*
University of California.
A corps of distinguished American
and European architects have been in
Berkeley, who are competing in the
great international contest for the plans
of the new university.
Eleven .firms of architects are repre-
sented, coming from Paris, Berlin,
Zurich, New York and Boston. They
are the ones who were successful in the
preliminary competition recently decid-
ed in Antwerp, their designs being se-
lected from over 100 sent in. Accord-
ing to the terms of the competition, they
were to come to California, to inspect the
university site, to remodel their original
plsns and submit the finished designs in
May. They have all returned home
now, but before leaving Berkeley they
expressed themselves in terms of the
highest praise over the possibilities, arch-
itecturally, which the university site 'of-
fers for an imposing group of college
buildings. "Nothing in the world can
equal it," said one of their number. "The
Golden Gate and San Francisco bay to
the front, the foothills behinds, and the
gradually rising slope from the bay
shore, giving its immense sweep of
view, presents a site unparalleled. It
calls for some radical design, unique in
its nature, to be in harmony with its sur-
roundings."
Next in order comes the question of
the presidency. President Kellogg's
resignation takes effect on March 23.
The board of regents, in their December
meeting, appointed a committee to nom-
inate his successor. The committee
consists of two or three of the regents,
the governor-elect, the speaker of the
assembly and President Kellogg him-
self. These gentlemen will meet early
in January to formulate their plans.
The whole question is vitally import-
ant to the students and faculty, and to
arrive at a hasty conclusion would be a
most inappropriate thing. Opinion is
J68
THE PACIFIC MONTHL Y.
divided as to whether a choice should be
made from out of the list of possible can-
didates already identified with the uni-
versity's corps of professors, or whether
some eastern scholar of more than local
fame should, be sought. Professor Ber-
nard Moses, of the department of history
and political economy, and Professor
William Carey Jones, of the department
of jurisprudence, are the only two men
whom Berkeley can offer for such an im-
portant work. But it seems almost cer-
tain that the board of regents will look
toward the Eastern universities for a
candidate. Several prominent men have
been mentioned, among them,President
Benjamin Andrews, formerly of Brown;
President Hyde, of Bowdoin, President
Gates of Amherst, Albert Shaw, editor of
the Review of Reviews, and Professor
J. W. White, of the department of Greek
at Harvard. Many more have been
mentioned, which only goes to show how
uncertain the matter is at present. There
is a general feeling, however, that now,
if ever, a mistake ought to be avoided,
and the less the committee hastens the
more is their final decision likely to be
well received.
The intercollegiate Carnot debate
promises to be the one topic of interest
as soon as college opens, but there will
be time to speak of that later.
Charles E. Fryer.
A Boy's King.
My papa, he's the bestest man
Whatever lived, I bet,
And I ain't never seen no one
As smart as he is yet.
Why, he knows everything, almost,
But mamma says that he
Ain't never been the President,
And that surprises me.
And often papa talks about
How he must work away —
He's got to toil for other folks
And do what others say;
And that's a thing that bothers me —
When he's so good and great,
He ought, I think, at least to be
The Gov'nor of the State!
He knows the names of lots of stars,
And he knows all the trees,
And he can tell the different kinds
Of all the birds he sees,
And he can multiply and add
And figure in his head —
They might have been some smarter men
But I bet you they are dead.
Once when he thought I wasn't near
He talked to mamma then
And told her how he hates to be
The slave of Other men,
And how he wished that he was rich
For her and me — and I
Don't know what made me, but
I had to go and cry!
And so when I sat on his knee
I ast him: — "Is it true
That you're a slave and have to toil
When others tell you to?
You are so big and good and wise,
You surely ought to be
The President, instead of just
A slave, it seems to me."
And then the tears come in his eyes,
And he hugged me tight and said: —
"Why, no, my dear, I'm not a slave —
What put that in your head?
I am a king — the happiest king
That ever yet held sway,
And only God can take my tnrone
And my little realm away!"
S. E. Riser, in Cleveland Leader.
A Feminine Deduction.
"This world is a hollow sham." ex-
claimed the New Woman, with a petu-
lant sigh.
''Sit down and tell me about it," said
her friend. "What has upset your usual
sweet-tempered serenity?"
"Oh, nothing in particular, and ev-
erything in general. For instance, I
have found out that the more a woman
sacrifices for a man, the less he cares for
her."
"Certainly, "* acquiesced her friend.
"Have you "
"No,' oh no," hastily interrupted the
New Woman. "And another thing,"
she continued. "The more you make a
man suffer the more he is willing to suf-
fer for your sake. In fact, his devotion
increases in exact ratio with his misery."
"Perhaps so," said her friend, hesitat-
ingly.
"No 'perhaps' about it. The whole
system of marriage is based upon a
wrong conception of woman's duty to
man. That is why there is so much un-
happiness in the world."
"Why, how do you make that deduc-
tion?"
"It is simple enough. A girl marries
with the mistaken notion that it is her
sacred duty to do everything, bear ev-
erything, and be everything that will
add to her husband's comfort, pleasure
and convenience, and she very soon dis-
covers that instead of securing his hap-
piness and her own thereby she has lost
it, and then she grieves and frets and won-
ders, and lies awake nights trying to
think up still greater sacrifices to make
for his dear sake, but it never works sat-
isfactorily. What she ought to do is to
let him do the sacrificing and the suffer-
ing. It is the only way in which the
welfare of the family can be preserved."
"But that," objected her friend, "does
not lessen the unhappiness. It only
transfers it."
. "Nonsense; that is just where you
make your mistake. A man is perfectly
happv onlv when he is miserable."
SM.
"Is that the man, Mr. Reed?" asked
the magistrate, as the policeman led
forward the man accused of burglary.
"It is." "Did you recognize him while
he was in the house?" "I did." There
was a burst of incredulous laughter from
the court and spectators. "Discharge
the prisoner," said his honor. — Puck.
Ji
A certain learned professor in New
York has a wife and family, but, profes-
sor-like, his thoughts are always with
his books. One evening his wife, who
had been out for some hours, returned
to find the house remarkably quiet. She
had left the children playing about, but
now they were nowhere to be seen. She
asked what had become of them, and the
professor explained that, as they had
made a good deal of noise, he had put
them to bed without waiting for her or
calling the maid. "I hope they gave
you no trouble," she said. "No," re-
plied the professor, "with the exception
of the one in the cot here. He objected
a good deal to my undressing him and
putting him to bed." The wife went to
inspect the cot. "Why," she exclaimed,
"that's little Johnny Green, from next
door." — S. F. Argonaut.
j*
"I can give you gas if you are afraid
the pain will be too great to endure,"
said a dentist to an elderly colored
woman, who had come to have several
teeth extracted.
"No, sah, no, sah!" she said, shaking
her head emphatically; "you don't gib
me no gas en hab me git up out'n dat
cheer en walk home dead, no, sah! I
reads de newpapahs!" — Youth's Com-
panion.
170
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
An Etching.
It is perhaps one of the saddest things
in life to find that youth has forever
slipped away and left us empty-handed
and alone, stranded upon the bleak island
of Middle Age, in the midst of the sea
of Regret. The next saddest thing is
to discover that we do not actually care.
To realize that in the breast where the
heart once beat quick and warm with the
red current of human love and emotion,
there is only a void that aches, and
aches, and aches. Better fierce, madden-
ing pain, bitter tears and the tumult of
hate and thwarted passion than this
dead calm that is neither akin to joy nor
despair, that has ceased to hope, to re-
gret, almost to remember. * * * *
Fifty-seven years is a long time to
have lived upon this earth. Yet, though
I number my birthday so, I find it is
ages since I ceased to live, if one counts
time by heart-beats. Fifty-seven! My
mirror tells me that I look ten years
older, and experience whispers "you could
give points to mother Eve, my lady."
Well, maybe. But Eve had only one
temptation. And she was, furthermore,
unfettered by inherited tendencies. Dis-
tinctly Eve had the advantage. The
wonder is that she could have sinned at
all, companioning with angels, freshly
fashioned by the hand of God, environed
by Paradise, while I, but I do not envy
Eve, her garden, or her Adamic mate,
her innocence, or her apple from the tree
of Knowledge. I do not envy even the
angels in heaven. For my bliss, though
brief, was greater than any joy the angels
know. And though I have ceased to
feel, to care, or to regret, the glory of
that love is mine to remember through
all eternity. * * *
There are times, seasons, moments,
when a vague half-tenderness stirs some-
where in — not my heart, for that is dead
— but in that senseless void, where once
my heart leapt warm and true, a living,
lovmg rose of passion, and I wish that
I could love again. * * *
They tell me he is handsome. I do
not know. I only know that he seems
kina, that his eyes are like deep wells
of light, and that their steadfast question-
ing gaze almost awakens my dead heart,
but when he takes my hand, I know
that it is all too late, too late. Some
other woman, younger and more fair,
will win his love and make him blest,
and I shall smile to see their happiness,
and yet — and yet — ah, me, I wish that he
did love me!
Oraarv.
J*
Among the many slaves upon the
plantation of a distinguished Southerner
during the late war was a blind and de-
crepit old woman known as Aunt Idy,
who for some reason thought to better
her condition by taking the oath of alleg-
iance.
One of the younger servants, hearing
what had taken place, went to "ole miss"
to make inquiries, and after being told
that her friend had sworn to support the
constitution of the United States, ex-
claimed:
"Fo" de Lohd! I don't know how
Auiit Idy is gwine to s'pote the United
States, when she can't s'pote herselt." —
Harper's Magazine.
. i good education is a relative thing.
What was called a good education a few
years ago is now common. It is pretty
hard to keep up with learning — seeing
there is continual increase in human
knowledge, and no royal road to it. I
can only say this, that for most people,
the way to get a good education is by
hard knocks, constant effort, devotion to
the one aim, the cutting off of all dis-
tractions, a love of knowledge and a bias
for its possession scientifically, inability
to be discouraged, knowing how to wait,
dependence on God and frequent and fer-
vent communion with him, this, with
common sense all the way through. — F.
S. Arnold.
Doctor Talmage's youngest daughter
was fond of evening gayeties, and often
slept late in consequence. Coming
down about 9 o'clock one morning, she
met her parent's stern gaze, and re-
ceived the very depressing greeting of:
"Good morning, daughter of sin." "Good
morning, father," was her response.- —
Current Literature
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
ix
$€$$€^^$€€^$^$€«€€€^$$€«$€€€€€€€€€€€€€€«€€$€€€€€€€€€€€«€€€€€$i^
ft
ft
m
ft
ft
ft
<i>
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
f
ft
ft
ft
The Kilham Stationery Co*
OFFICE OUTFITTERS
267 Morrison Street
SUCCESSORS TO STUART & THOMPSON CO
1
ft
Blank Books and Office Necessities
Hurlbut's fine Stationery
Fine Leather Goods for the Holidays. Counting House and Pocket Diaries for 1899
NO HUMBUG
NO SHAMS
| S. W. Aldrich Pharmacy
« .... Corner Sixth and Washington Streets, Portland, Oregon ....
<j Carries a Complete Assortment of High- Grade Drags
^ and Chemicals, By constant and careful attention the
* stock is kept fresh and up-to-date
* Direct Importer of French and English Perfumes, Soaps, Powders, Toilet Waters and
«j Novelties. Particular Attention Given to Prescriptions and Mail Orders. Prices
w Lowest in the City on Same Class of Goods
APPROPRIATE FRAMING A SPECIALTY
307 WASHINGTON STREET
Bet. Fifth and Sixth, PORTLAND, OREGON
CLARKE BROS.
FOR
Fine Cut Flowers
AND
NEW AND BEAUTIFUL
PLANTS
289 Morrison Street
PORTLAND, OREGON
H^forc Using
about Corns....
What iS a Com? phyaic'*oa call it a Clavus. a ca
or horny thickening of the skin, over a joint in a -toe. with a central 1
or "kernel" A corn cut in half would look very much like thia
After Using
What PrOdUCeS a Corn? PRESSURE. Not necessarily
that the shoe is tight but while apparent'* roomy, does, at some position
during walsiog. press upon ona spot, the result is a "CORN "
Having a Corn, what shall i do for rb- a*
now there is the question. Some people pare ihem. Rettiog a little tempor
ary relief, but stimulating the corn to twice as rapid growth ■ Well, here
is a clear and colorless fluid called
Willamette Corn Cure
IT WIIL RCnOVC CORI«J flffc
For Sale by
all Druggists .
Ogc»"<* "" For Sale by
"* — Bo,"e all Druggists
WILUMim
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY—ADVERTISING SECTION,
Insure with the
Home Insurance Co*
Of New York
Cash Capital, $3. 000,000.00.
The Great American Fire Insurance
Company.
Assets aggregating nearly $12,000,000.00, ALL
available for American Policy Holders.
J. D. COLEMAN, General Agent,
JOHN H. BURGARD, 25<> Stark Street,
..SPECIAL AGENT..
PORTLAND, OREGON.
<£ Jesse Waddell <£
JCCESSOR TO BERGER A. WADDELL
SIGNED PAINTER
2J1 Oak St., Near First,
Portland, Ore.
AMERICA'S FIFTY YEARS' EXPERIENCE
HAS DEMONSTRATED ONE FACT
IN ADVERTISING, i.e.: That Magazine advertising produces better results in proportion to the outlay
than any other kind. It is better than newspaper advertising, because "a magazine is before the
public thirty days, a newspaper thirty minutes," and when it is hacked by known circulation
(we give an affidavit as to our circulation; no other publication in the Northwest does so) it is not hard to
see the part of wisdom. Our rates — reasonable; they will be higher later on.
There is no better medium for the Eastern advertiser who wishes to reach the Pacific Northwest
effectively than THE PACIFIC MONTHLY. We cover the field to better advantage than any other
Pacific Coast publication. We offer good spaces at very reasonable rates, guarantee our circulation, and
reach effectively one of the most highly favored sections in the world, where people have money to spend
and times are steadily improving. The Eastern advertiser who places an ad. with us now gets in on the
ground floor. Drop us a postal for terms and other data. Address
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY,
Macleay Building, Portland, Oregon.
w. ©. smith <§ @o.
Society Card Enaraoers
and Embossers.
Engraving and Printing.
Visiting, Wedding and at Home Cards.
SMonograms and Crests Engraved and Stamped
on Stationery.
Je<welry and Silverware Engraved to Order.
We employ more help than all our
competitors in Oregon combined.
22 and 23 Washington Building, Portland, Ore.
Established 1882.
Open Day and Night.
j? E* House's Cafe *
128 Third Street
PORTLAND, OREGON
Clams and Oysters.
Home-Made Pies and Cakes.
Cream and Milk from Our Own Ranch.
The Best Cup of
Coffee and Chocolate in the City.
CUe jVIake jWaps
Any kind for anybody. See that your stationer shows you
the NEW MAP OF OREGON, published by Punnett Bros.,
625 Mission Street, San Francisco, Cal. Mounted on good
cloth with roller for wall use, $1.00. Folded in neat cover, 50
cents. Send to us for information on Maps of any description
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—A D VERTISING SECTION. x
A. B. STEIIMBACH & Co.
POPULAR PRICE
Con. First
and Morrison
Streets
Gift Halters l Furnishers
PORTLAND, ORE.
Devers' Blend Coffee { ft Ml
TO INSURE GETTING THE GENUINE, BUY IN
SEALED PACKAGES ONLY
CLOSSET & DEVERS
Coffee Roasters... PORTLAND, OREGON
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
pqXT q^q^T^ TR AND GlFIEElSB
Telephone 371... 105, 107, I07i THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
'TIVfTf ^..i. %V Agents in every city and town in the Northwest to
VL\r%d' I Hvv ♦♦♦ solicit subscriptions for the Pacific Monthly. Salary
jrjrar^jrj^i^jrjrjr^^j^j^ar or commission. Write us at once for particulars.
Address Subscription Department, The Pacific Monthly,
Macleay Building, Portland, Oregon,
Vyfe call for, sponge, press and deliver one suit of
your clothing each week for $1.00 per month.
Oregon 'Phone M. 514.
Columbia 'Phone 736.
Unique Tailoring Co., 124 6th St.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
Transact a General Banking Business
Special Attention Given to
Collections
F^OROM^VIVI}, ORKOCHV
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
'.' Ttie Policy "Holders' Company ''
THE NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely uon-forfeitable and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
1st. A Cash Surrender Value. 2d A Loan equal in amount to the Cash Value.
3d Extended Insurance for the Full amount of Policy, without the request of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-up Policy
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
727, 728 & 729 Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
O. Jc. t/foorehouse dc Co., yncors>oratac*
Wait fapor, &oom 77?outdinffs, faints,
Otis, 2Sarnisnes, \/lfouse, Siffn
and fresco fainting
3 OS Jtider Street, Portland, Oregon
ZTo/o^/iono &?od S4/
Free Shine to All Customers
KNIGHT & EDBR
The Medium Priced Shoe Dealers
292 Washington Street
Opposite Hotel Perkins PORTLAND, OREGON
Established 1872
JOHN A.BECK
Dealer in
Waters, Diamonds, Jewelry, Silverware,
270 Morrison St., Bet. Third and Fourth,
Repairing a Specialty PORTLAND, OREGON
THE J. K. GILL CO.
Finest stationery
Masonic Temple, Third and Alder Sts., Portland, Ore.
ALL the latest books
Prices to Meet All Competitors
Dixon, Borgeson X Company
R. IvUTKE, Manager, Portland
■Manufacturers of pi s~*
B very Description of bflOW CSSCS
Jewelers' and Druggists' Wall Cases
and Bank Fixtures
108-110-112-114 FRONT STREET, Cor. Washington
PORTLAND, OREGON
37 Market Street, San Francisco, Cal.
When dealing with our advertisers.
...OPTICIAN...
Dr. A. A. BARR, formerly of St. Paul, has charge of
the Optical Department for
ft. H. WRIGHT. IDE
293 Morrison Street, PORTLAND, ORE.
CONSULTATION FREE
kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
F. E. BEACH k CO.
Pioneer PAINT COMPANY
Pure Paints, Oils and General
Building Material
185 FIRST S'rr^IXKT
N. W. Cor. Alder
PORTLAND, OREGON
..HATTERS AND FURNISHERS..
i
Sole Agents for
#M0X • FIATS*
94 THIRD STREET
PORTLAND, ORE.
...RICHET COMPANY...
Wholesale f Retail Groceries
112=114 Front Street, Corner Washington
PORTLAND, OREGON
Consumers can save money by trading with us. We are both Wholesalers and Retailers,
and are enabled to sell to the consumer at less than the ordinary rates.
We have a special shipping department, devoting careful attention to the Packing and
Shipping of orders from the interior. All orders will receive careful and prompt attention. We
shall be pleased to mail a copv of our Price L/ist to those requesting it.
RICHET C07VTRMNV
ARE NOTED FOR QUALITY OF WORK AND PROMPT SERVICE
JAMES R. EWING
..Bookseller..
Miscellaneous Books
Bibles ...
Northwest Views
267 Morrison Street
PORTLAND, OREGON
Careful Attention to Special Orders
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly meat inn. The far) fie Month! n.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Wakelee & Company <* <* **
"DRUGGISTS
v "PERFUMERS
^[EE most careful attention by
skilled and experienced phar-
macists given to the compound-
ing of Physicians' Prescriptions.
We cannot afford to give less
than our best efforts. Our ivork
and our goods are AL WA YS the
best of the highest grades ^ j* <&
Corner Bush and Montgomery Streets ♦♦♦
SAN FRANCISCO, CALA.
'1 CKSfl; GOODS STORE
NEW STORE
NEW GoODS
NEW PRICED
A COMFORTABLE P HCE TO SHOP
Dress Goods. Linings, Underwear, Laces,
Ribbons, Gloves, Etc.
BLANKETS, FLANNELS. BED SPREADS, TABLE
LINEN, TOWELS, ETC.
GENTS' FURNISHING GOODS
P. A. FINSETH, PROP.
230 MORRISON ST. "^'.fT1"1
nsioria and doiumbio River R. R. Tie cord
WINTER SCHEDULE-Daily
Train No. 22 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 12:15 p. m.
Train No. 24 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at 1 1 :io p. m.
Return
Train No. 21 leaves Astoria at 8.00 a. m., arrives in
Portland at 12:15 P- m.
Train No. 23 leaves Astoria at 6:30 p. m. and arrives
in Portland at 10:35 P- m.
Train No. 22 runs through to Seaside, leaving Seaside
on the return at 2:50 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run 011 the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia River R. R. Winter Sched-
ule is p.nv in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:00 p. m., arriving at
Astoria at 12:15 P- m and 11: o p. 111. I.t avinu fur Sea-
side at 12:20 p. m.
When denliiifi with our fulrerti*-rs,
<*spm&&'
Hi competition
Distention
As regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
JUST THINK!
3^ days with no change to Chicago
4.1^ days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN:
Trains are Illuminated by Pintsch Gas,
rm into Union Depots, and Baggage
Is checked through to Destinatin*
Lowest Rates.
For Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
J. H. LOTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. Agent.
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
Limit 1 min!inii The lanlic Monthly.
j DO YOU BUY DRUGS...
Toilet Articles, Soaps or Perfumes, or any of the thousand and one articles
carried by a drug firm? Then let us send you our cut-rate catalogue.
IT WILL SAVE YOU "DOLLARS...
Does Photography interest you? Let us send you our Photographic Catalogue.
We earry the largest and most complete stock on the Coast.
Woodard, Clarke & Co.,
FOURTH AND WASHINGTON STS.
►♦♦♦<♦♦♦♦♦
PORTLAND, OREGON.
>»■♦♦♦"»♦♦♦♦♦.♦»>♦♦♦
No Community is Prosperous Whose People are Not Employed"
You Need Our Factories!
Patronize
I Home
I Industry
M. ZAN, President
E. H. K1LHAM, Vice Pres.
YOU preach this doctrir
lnv*» vmir hnmc nmu
ine, now practice it. You say you
love your home, now show it. You say the community
should be more prosperous, keep your money at home. You
admit we manufacture over four hundred articles of impor-
tance as cheaply as in Eastern or foreign markets— why not
buy them? You admit that Chicago and other thrifty cities
not -so far away were made so by enterprising citizens; fol-
low their example. You speak of the patriotism of the whole
people, hence show unselfish devotion to the manufacturing
industries of Oregon.
<W& v
R. J. HOLMES, Treasurer +
C. H. MclSAAC, Secretary ♦
♦
J NOFtf £
♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦♦♦ 4 -f 4- + -f -f -f -f + + + ♦•f-f-f4-4-f -f ♦ ♦ ♦ + + + ♦ -f +■ ♦ ♦ ♦ + ++♦ + ♦ ♦
♦ + ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦*+ ♦♦ 1
AVERY & CO.
FURNITURE AND UPHOLSTERY HARDWARE.
LOGGERS' AND LUMBERMEN'S SUPPLIES.
SPORTING AND BLASTING POWDER.
FISHING TACKLE.
HARDWARE
TOOLS, CUTLERY.
MCCAFFREY'S CELEBRATED FILES
AND HORSE RASPS.
82 Third St., near Oak,
i
Portland, Oregon.
▼▼▼▼▼1
2» ''THE KIND
THAT SUITS"
SOLD IN to SIZES
RANGING IN PRICE
FROM J> j» J»
10c to 2 for 25c.
'QUALITY^
Not QUANTITY"
LATEST and
GREATEST
OF ALL J-
5c Cigars
ALLEN & LEWIS
Distributors
PORTLAND, - - OREGON.
Mention The Pacific Monthly when ordering.
With A^uinaldo in the Phillipines.
M9NTHIY
Volume I
FEBRUARY
l$99
Number s
TEN CENTS A COPY * j> * * j* ONE DOLLAR A YEAR
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUBLISHING COMPANY
PUBLISHERS jt > j« > > j» j» * PORTLAND, OREGON
I7QUAL and exact justiee to all men, of whatever state or
persuasion, religious or political ; peace, commerce, and
honest friendship with all nations, — en tangling alliances with
none ; the support of the "state governments in all their rights,
as the most competent administrations for our domestic con-
cern*, and the surest bulwarks against anti-republican
tendencies ; the preservation of the General Government in
its whole constitutional vigor, as the sheet anchor of our
peace at home and safety abroad ; freedom of religion ;
freedom of the press ;..... — these principles form
the bright constellation which has gone before us, and
guided our iteps through an age of revolution and reforma-
tion.
Thomas Jefferson,
DO YOU BUY DRUGS... !
Toilet Articles, Soaps or Perfumes, or any of the thousand and one articles Jk
carried by a drug firm? Then let us send you our cut-rate catalogue. £
IT WILL SA VE YOU "DOLLARS... I
Does Photography interest you? Let us send you our Photographic Catalogue.
We carry the largest and most complete stock on the Coast.
Woodard, Clarke & Co.,
FOURTH AND WASHINGTON STS. PORTLAND, OREGON.
GOODYEAR RUBBER COMPANY.
We carry in stock a complete assortment of RUBBER GOODS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
ANY STYLE. ANY SIZE. ANY QUANTITY.
MACKINTOSHES
Crack Proof—
...Snag Proof
RUBBER
BOOTS
Druggists'
Rubber
Goods
BOOTS AND SHOES
"GOLD SEAL"
BELTING
PACKING
AND HOSE
Rubber
and Oil
Clothing
jtjtjt
R. H. PEASE, Vice-President and Manager,
73 and 75 FIRST STREET, Jt PORTLAND, OREGON.
AVERY & CO.
Furniture and upholstery Hardware,
loggers' and lumbermen's supplies,
sporting and blasting powder,
fishing tackle.
HARDWARE
TOOLS, CUTLERY.
MCCAFFREY'S CELEBRATED FILES
AND HORSE RASPS.
I
82 Third St., near Oak, Portland, Oregon. ►
►
The Pacific Monthly.
{The entire contents of this Magazine are covered by the general copyright, and articles must not be reprinted
without special permission.)
CONTENTS FOR FEBRUARY, 1899.
The Dewey Medal frontispiece
With Aguinaldo in the Phillipines Capt. H. L. Wells of Co. L, 173
illustrated. 2d Oregon U. S. V.
Adam's Mother (Short Story) Mrs. W. L. Wood 183
The Scarlet Huntsman (Poem) Walter Cayley Belt M. D 186
Joseph Simon, Oregon's Junior Senator A?7
A Character Sketch.
The Voice of the Silence J88
Chapter III. The writer will be unnamed
for the present.
Life's Elegy (Poem) Valentine cBro=wn 191
Oriental Learning J. Hunter Wells, M. D 192
The " Lettre de Cachet " in California David Starr Jordan 194
President of Leland Stanford Junior University.
44 Little George" (Short Story) Adonen 195
The Dynamics of Speech Robert W. Douthat, Ph. D.... 198
As Introduced by Philosophy. Professor of Latin in University of West Virginia.
(Second Paper.)
Will You Be My Valentine ? (Poem) Lischen M. Miller 202
DEPARTMENTS:
Our Point of View (Editorial) 203
The Month— A Record of the World's Progress 206
In Politics, Literature, Science, Art and Education, with Leading Events.
The Magazines 209
Books 212
Drift
The Sultan of Sulu 213
When a Girl Really Loves 214
The Horse to Become Extinct 215
Old Manila 216
Dr. Bill ' 217
Poems to Order 218
Terms: — $1.00 a year in advance; 10 cents a copy. Subscribers should remit to us in P. O. or express
money-orders, or in bank checks, dratts, or registered letters.
Agents for The Pacif c Monthly are wanted in every locality, and the publishers offer unusual in-
ducements to first-class agents. Write for our terms.
Manuscript sent to The Pacific Monthly will not be returned after publication unless definite in
structions to that effect with stamps accompany letters enclosing manuscript.
Address all correspondence, of whatever nature, to
alex. sweek, Prest. THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. CO.,
J. THORBURN ROSS, Vice Prest. .... n„DTI AKin riDcr-run
w. b. wells, Manager. Mac,eaV Building, PORTLAND, OREGON.
LISCHEN M. MILLER, Asst. Manager.
Copyrighted 1899 by William Bittle Wells.
Entered at the Post Office at Portland, Oregon, Oct. 17, 1898, as second-class matter.
The publishers of The Pacific Monthly will esteem it a favor if readers of the Magazine will kindly
mention The Pacific Monthly when dealing with our advertisers.
PRESS OF THE ELLIS PRINTING CO., 105 FIRST ST , PORTLAND, ORE.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
SEND TO US FOR PRICES ON
We are Manufacturers of the
Celebrated
Maltese Cross Brand
of Rubber Belt #
Ajax Brand Cotton
Mill Hose...
Rubber and
Leather
Belting,..
i
87=89 FIRST STREET, PORTLAND, ORE.
RUSSELL & CO.
A. H. AVERILL,
Manager.
MANUFACTURERS OF
High Grade,
Engines, Boilers,
Saw Mills,
Threshers...
Estimates furnished on Stearn Plants of all Sizes and for
any purpose. Write for Catalogues.
RUSSELL & CO., - Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY-ADVERTISING SECTION.
|JJ AL/L-Bearing Type-Bar Joints and Fixed
*"^~^ Type-Bar Hangers, giving Uuiuipair-
able Alignment, Lightest Key Action. The
Most Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work.
Carriage locks at end of line, protecting the
writing. Compact Shift Keyboard. Numer-
ous Handy Features. Address for full par-
ticulars,
United Typewriter & Supplies Co.
No. 232 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
BRANDES BROS,
Proprietors.
Vienna
cModel Bakery^
CHOICE PASTRY and
FANCY CAKES-
FRESH BREAD OF ALL KINDS.
Telephone^?'- J> 390 Morrison Street.
H. H. WRIGHT
THE
NEW
MUSIC
STORE
Y.M.C.A.
BLDG.
Cor. 4th
& Yamhill
The Latest Music at Half Price. The Finest Strings in
the City. Violins, Guitars, Mandolins, Banjos.
Pianos to sell or rent. Instruments Repaired,
Tuned, Rented.
Muirhead & Murhard
Contractors for
FINE PLUMBING
Steam and Hot Water Heating
Apparatus
..343 Washington Street-
Portland, ORE.
SURETY BONDS
CAPITAL AND SURPLUS, - $2,500,000.00
Fidelity and Deposit company
OF MARYLAND
Issues guarantee bonds to employes in posi-
tions of trust.
Court Bonds, Federal Officers, * City, County
and State Officials' Bonds issued promptly.
W. R. MACKENZIE, State Agent
208 Worcester Block, PORTLAND, OREGON
Telephone Main 986
Cawston & Co.,
Dealers in
Engines and Boilers,
Wood- Working Machinery,
...Iron-Working Tools and Supplies...
48 & 50 First Street
PORTLAND, ORE.
Blake's Single and Duplex Pumps.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly. ,
IV
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
THE TELEPHONE INDEX
cA time saber for business men, and the only Index pub-
lished giving both Companies numbers*
PRICE, $2,00 PER YEAR*
For Advertising Space or Subscription, address
G. H. AYDELOTTE, telephones
No. 5 Raleigh Bldg., Portland, Ore.
Oregon Main 816.
Columbia 238.
-f CAN BE OBTAINED ONLY
P<>rlWt ...Through a Complete...
\ Metallic Circuit For each subscriber, and
Telephone j - — No Party Lines-
Service
THE COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY
Alone has these Advantages.
{ OFFICES, 606-607 Oregonian Building,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
LATEST STYLES
And First-Class
Jewelry, Diamonds, Watches and Silverware
AT MODERATE PRICES^
A. FELDENHEIMER,
COR. THIRD AND WASHINGTON STS.
PORTLAND. ORE.
Established 1882.
Open Day and Kight.
j» E* Housed Cafe j»
128 Third Street
PORTLAND, OREGON
Clams and Oysters.
Home-Made Pics and Cakes.
Cream and Milk from Our Own Ranch.
The Best Cup of
Coffee and Chocolate in the City.
C.C.GLINEOIUPAINTGO.
144 FIRST STREET
PORTLAND, ORE.
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
PURE PAINTS, OILS AND VARNISHES
Doors, Windows, Plate and Window Glass,
WALL PAPER,
And the General Lines of
BUILDING MATERIAL.
Glazing a Specialty. Columbia Phone 290
a
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
W. H. McMONIES
Wholesale Manufacturer ol
c^ Harness, Horse Collars and Leather Specialties ^
Jobber of SADDLERY HARDWARE, Etc.
^E^'hES It^pea work 74 Front Street, Portland, Ore.
Telephone Oregon Main 517
Consolidated University ^-^^
( Portland - Puget Sound )
1 he Leading Educational Institution of racific Northwest
Offers Thorough and Extensive Instruction in all the
Solid Branches of Education ...EXPENSES LOW...
Winter Term Begins January 3, J 899
Write for Particulars to
Chancellor C R. THD3 JRN, S. T. D., University Park, Oregon
Northwestern Mutual Life
OF MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Grants more Insurance for the Same Cost or the Same Insurance
at Lower Cost than any other Company. •
Largest Purely American Company.
Official Reports of State Insurance Departments Represent it to be the
Strongest and Best
For Terms, Address
S. T. L0CKW00D & SON, General Agents,
Concord Building, Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertise™, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
John H. Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commercial Block, PORTLAND, ORE.
Russell E. Sewall, R. R. Giltaer
District Attorney
GILTNER & SEWALL
Attorneys at Law
Offices, 508-509 Commercial Building
PORTLAND, OREGON
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorneys at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
SAMUEL J. BRUN
Attorney and Counselor at Law
sixth floor, mills building
San Francisco, Cal.
Practices in all the Courts
Library Association of Portland
24,000 Volumes and over 200 Per>odicals.
$5.00 a Year and $1.50 a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS— From 9 A. M. to 9 P- M. Daily Except Sundays
and Holidays.
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK.
MISS BERTHA MARTIN'S
* S * DECORATIVE 'ART ROOM
FULL LINE OF NEWEST EMBROIDERY MATIRIALS.
CHOICE SELECTION OF STAMPING DESIGNS.
Stamping neatly done.
Room 820, Oekum Bldg., Third and Washington St., PORTLAND, OR.
Wittiam Jrederic IXers
'Penmanship cArtist
N. E Corner
1 2th and Alder Sts.
PORTLAND, OREGON
MRS. L. M. ROBERTSON
No. aoa Marquam Building, PORTLAND, OREGON
Fashionable Suits $5 up. Latest French Styles
Satisfaction Guaranteed
Alaska Mines andPO™nAeI.f,ock
Printed matter describing Alaska sent for 26 Cents in
Stamps.
MILLER & DAVIDSON
JUNEAU, ALASKA
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OF NOW BOOKS AND MAGAZINES
25 Cents per Month
^JONES' BOOK STORE #
2©1 A-lder Street, Portland, Oregon
He Biumaner-FranK Drug Go.
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
nma£933»D3^2^C833»^C£8miOOO ^8^«8^9^8^<
The Californian Combination
A New Sanitary Suit for Baby in Short Clothes
A unique pattern for waist and drawers in one piece with stocking supporter attachment. It fur-
nishes complete protection to the body in flannel, dispenses with bands, petticoats and numerous pins and
buttons.
For Bathing and Gymnasium Costume Unexcelled
■ Li
For full description see Trained Motherhood, this number.
Pattern with full directions will be mailed upon receipt of 25 cents. Sizes one and two-year old. The
garments in shrunk flannel, natural and white, will be sent upon receipt offi.uo. Apply for patterns, cir-
culars and sample garments to Mrs. H. OTIS BRUx, Stanford University, California.
When! dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly,
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Oregon 'Phone Black 984.
Columbia 658.
Portland Agent for
Albany (Oregon)
Woolen Mills.
Civil a^
flilitary Tailor,
Rooms 1 , 2, 3, 12, 13, up-stairs.
Entrance. 88MThiro St.
PORTLAND,
OREGON.
Society***.
Card Engravers
and Printers
w. G. smith & CO.
We employ more help than all our com-
petitors in Oregon combined.
22 and 23 Washington Bldg., Portland, Or.
Matting and Rug Sale... \
.....We have a large stock of China Matting •
imported before the new tariff, and now *
want to reduce our stock, and will sell at *
GREATLY REDUCED PRICES
Thousands of Remnant Pieces from I to 25 *
yards, will be offered at great bargain prices, i
Also Japanese and Chinese Curios, Europ-
ean and Domestic Toys, Fireworks,
Flags, Etc. Will furnish Catalogue
upon application.
Andrew Kan & Co.,
Hong Kong and Yokohama Importing House,
Cor. 4th & Morrison St., Portland, Ore.
•o*o*o*o*o»o»o*o«o*o*o*o*o*c*o*o*o«c»o*c*c*c*c*e«o*c«c*oJ5
The G* Heitkemper Co*
WATCHMAKERS
JEWELERS and
SILVERSMITHS
249 Morrison St., PORTLAND, OREGON
^>^^cBEG to announce the arrival of a large,
neiv and <well selected sfock of the most beauti-
ful things in Je<welty, Watches, Silverware and
Novelties. Your inspection is invited J* J*. jP
Our Strong Point— SILVERWARE.
Inquiries by mail promptly answered.
i mm&m$m^m®immmm&2im&® mawm^;
H. W. CORBETT
Vice President
J. W. Newkirk
Asst. Cashier
G. E. WlTHINGTON
Cashier
W. C. Alvord
2d Asst. Cashier
First
National Bank
OF
PORTLAND, OREGON
COR. FIRST AND WASHINGTON STS.
Tel. Columbia 133.
Tel. Oregon Red 2945.
Kruse's
Restaurant I Grill Room
THEO. KRUSE, Proprietor.
Stark Street, Portland,
Opp. Chamber of Commerce, Oregon.
Gourmand's Headquarters.
When denlinii with om
advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
viii THE PA CIFIG MONTHL Y—A D VEB TISINQ SECTION.
MORTGAGE LOANS
On Improved
Portland City Property
In sums from $500 to $500,000 at lowest current interest rates*
nri'd'lP'C Abstracted and Insured against
1 1 L IC^ Defect or Loss.
irilStS Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND TRUST CO.
FIND US IN OUR NEW OFFICES,
FOURTH STREET ENTRANCE
WM. M. LADD, President.
J. THORBURN ROSS, MANAGER.
T. T. BURKHART, ASST. SECRETARY.
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING,
PORTLAND, ORE.
A STOVE
That has given satisfaction to every customer
for forty-six years
THE NAME IS
CHARTER OAK
We carry a full line, as well as a complete line of
HARDWARE, TINWARE, CUTLERY AND ALUMINUM WARE.
cADOLPH <A. DEKUM
III first St., Gadsby 'Block
JOHNCRAN&CO.
Specialties in
HOSIERY, UNDERWEAR,
DRESS GOODS, LINENS,
Handkerchiefs, White Goods, Laces, Etc.
286 WASHINGTON
STREETS**
Portland, Oregon.
ft. ji
I S- G. Skidmore & Co.
Cut-Rate
Druggists
We give special attention to Prescriptions and
the selection of High Grade Bristle Goods.
15J THIRD STREET
Portland, Oregon
When i[n\lini with one 'idvrtiser*, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
Hon, Joseph Simon,
{See page 187.)
The Pacific Monthly.
"Vol, I
FEBRUARY, 1899
£K.o. 5
With Aguinaldo in the Phillipincs.
'By CAPT. H. L. WELLS, of Company L,
Second Oregon Regiment 'Volunteers, stationed at Manila.
ON Sunday, the ninth of October, it
was my good fortune to attend a
grand fiesta and witness a review
of the Filipino army by Emelio Agui-
naldo, president of the so-called Repub-
lica Filipinas. The scene of festivities
was the pueblo of San Fernando, capital
city of the province of Pampanga, some
60 miles from Manila, and the place of
residence of some of the wealthy sugar-
planters who are backing the insurrec-
tion. When I beheld the display of
wealth, the bitterness of feeling of the
planters against Spain and their enthus-
iasm for the cause of liberty, I under-
stood better than before how it has been
possible for Aguinaldo to carry on the
insurrection, and maintain his army of
barefooted warriors in the field. These
rich, educated and intelligent landed pro
prietors are the brains and sinew of the
revolution, while the common herd.
which is guided by them as absolutely
as the populace of any country is man-
aged by the aristocracy, is the bone.
Spain, in her exactions of revenue, has
spared neither high nor low. Every-
thing has been taxed, from the pig of the
peon to the sugar fields of the planter,
and taxed beyond endurance. These ex-
actions have not been extorted to sup-
port a just and proper government, but
to enrich the ecclesiastical and civil au-
thority in the islands. Every man, wom-
an and child has felt the heavv hand of
the tithe gatherer and the sting of official
arrogance. Enterprise has been re-
pressed and industry stifled, while toll
has been levied upon the food and pro-
ductive energy of the poor. No wonder
the Mestisto or full-blood Filipino land-
holder gives freely of his wealth to shake
off the burden, and no wonder the peon
carries the Mauser, Remington and bola
and tramps barefooted through the
swamps to break the power of Spain and
give his native land freedom from op-
pression. Go where you will, both in
country and city, the same sentiment
prevails, and the universal phrase, "Es-
panol mucho malo" is heard on every
hand and from the lips of age and infancy
alike. Not a man with a drop of native
blood in his veins is to be found among
the supporters of Spain. I have seen
men as white as the whitest Spaniard in
Manila, and every drop of the white
blood that of Spanish ancestors, declare
his undying hatred of the Spaniard. To
be sure there were volunteers of mixed
blood and even pure native stock fight-
ing with the Spaniards up to the capture
of Manila by the Americans, but that
was the result of conditions more than of
sentiment. They were not adherents of
Aguinaldo and were but following the
custom of generations in filling the ranks
of Spain's insular army; but now that the
power of Spain has been broken, a Fili-
pino government organized and Agui-
174
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
naldo placed at its head, their patriotism
has risen above the restraints of imme-
morial custom and they are prepared to
fight against their former companions
in arms, if need be, to prevent the re-es-
tablishment of Spanish authority in the
Philippines. Whether they will submit
peaceably to .the extension of American
authority over them is a question yet to
be determined. They have organized a
republic and talk much of absolute inde-
pendence and the future of the Republica
Filipinas; yet from my observation I am
the expression of their feelings and as-
perations.
We left the station at Manila at 6
o'clock in the morning, after a sharp ride
in one of those miniature vehicles that
are used for carriages in this country,
drawn by equally miniature, but spirited,
horses, and secured seats in a second-
class car, the only first-class seats having
been taken by other excursionists. Our
party consisted of three officers and a
lady, the wife of one of them, a worthy
representative of the beauty, grace and
Suspension Bridge across Pasig River, Manila. The picture also sho<ws the large native cascos
used as freight lighters on the River and in the Bay.
of the opinion that should a policy of
local self-government be pursued in the
most populous provinces and the leading
citizens be intrusted with it, the rule of
the United States can be established
without encountering armed opposition.
At the fete it was my good fortune to
be the guest of one of these worthy back-
ers of the insurrection, to meet the presi-
dent of the newly organized republic
while surrounded by his counsellors, and
get a good insight into the conditions as
they now exist, as well as to see the peo-
ple in large numbers and unrestrained in
intelligence of the women of America, of
whom there are not half a dozen now on
the islands. The railroad was built by
an English corporation, and is an Eng-
lish institutions with Filipino modifica-
tions. The cars are the small compart-
ment variety in use in England, opening
from the side and having a footboard
along the entire side, along which the
conductor walks while collecting fares.
It is here where the Filipino modifica-
tions make their appearance. In this
warm climate the windows are left open
for the free entrance of the breeze and'.
WITH AGUINALDO IN THE PHILLIPINES.
175
cinders, and through these openings the
conductor thrusts his black head and
hands to receive the tickets. They also
serve to frame the grinning countenance
of the guard when he pauses to listen to
the conversation of the passengers and
to laugh at the American tongue strug-
gling with Castilian.
I am afraid we were a source of great
anxiety to these poor officers, for the
American custom of getting off the train
at every station and jumping on again
after it is in motion seems to be a new
one. Their fear that we would be left
behind or come to grief was pitiful at
first, but it lessened somewhat when our
skill in executing the feat was made ap-
parent to them by repetition. I am
afraid we even contaminated the natives,
for at one station we persuaded half a
dozen of them to get out and stand in a
group for a photograph, and just as the
button was pressed the little black urchin
(machacho) who rings a dinner bell to
start the train, swung his bell and the
train began to pull out. Then "there was
female voices mingled in cries of alarm.
We gave them the benefit of our experi-
ence and a genuine American "hustle,"
but the net result was one lady and one
gentleman left behind. " The conductor,
assisted by the entire assembled popu-
lace, succeeded in stopping the train and
taking them aboard again, but thereafter
they could scarcely be persuaded even to
put their heads out of the windows.
At every station the train was inspect-
ed by a squad of insurrectos, the entire
country outside the city of Manila being
mounting in hot haste," and male and
under their control. Under the protocol
signed with Spain, the American troops
were confined to the occupation of Ca-
vite and the bay and city of Manila.
Spain's authority had already been ex-
tinguished in the country by the insur-
gents, and this resulted in the Americans
holding the city and the rebels the
country. This has caused a little fric-
tion at times, because of Americans be-
ing denied the right to pass Filipino
* outposts. Only last Sunday the colonel
of the Oregon regiment, with a party of
officers and Red Cross nurses, on an ex-
cursion by launch up the River Pasig to
the Laguna, was refused permission to
proceed after going a few miles, and had
to return to the city. When the treaty
of peace is made, the Americans will
either withdraw entirely or establish their
authority over the entire island, by force
if necessary, and the insurrectos army
will be a thing of the past.
The railroad, so far as we saw it, runs
through a low and fertile country. The
rivers that flow down from the moun-
tains enter the bay through deltas, and
the road bed is a succession of embank-
ments between long stretches of water
and bridges across streams. The engi-
neering problems in its construction were
not serious ones, but the amount of cul-
vert and bridge work was considerable.
I have been told that of 40 engineers em-
ployed on the work 39 died. No Cau-
casian can work all day in a hot tropical
sun and a malarial atmosphere and es-
cape fever, and day work was necessary
in surveying this road, for there is neither
dawn nor twilight in the tropics. The
succession of night and day is almost as
abrupt as the opening and closing of a
door between a lighted room and a dark
one. The long evening twilights of the
American summer are unknown, and the
joy of sitting on the front porch, playing
an after-dinner game of tennis or taking
a spin of an hour or two on the wheel,
comes not to the dweller in the tropics.
No Caucasian should come here with the
expectation of working in the sun and
going home again alive, and as there is
but a brief time each day when the sun is
not hot while it is light enough to do
outdoor labor, it follows that such work
must continue to be done by natives.
The railroad skirts the bay of Manila
around to the north, and then continues
northerly to the upper portion of the
island. Its passenger traffic is large,
three long trains, chiefly of third-class
cars, running each way daily. Its freight
business consists chiefly of rice, sugar,
tobacco, coffee and hemp. As for food
products, each district supplies itself with
the rice, sugar, fruit and fish that consti-
tute the bulk of the native diet, so there
is but little outward movement from Ma-
nila in this line, while nearly all that
reaches the city from the outside is
transported by water from a distance or
from the vicinity of the city by carts
176
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
drawn by water buffalo (carabao) or in
baskets on the heads of women, who are
the breadwinners of the lower classes.
For the entire 60 miles between Manila
and San Fernando the road is bordered
as far as the eye can see with fields of
rice and sugar cane and banana planta-
tions, while native towns and villages are
as close together as the towns along the
among men, women and children alike,
and most of whom smoke cigars, and
one can get some idea of the consump-
tion of tobacco. Add to this home de-
mand a good foreign market and the to-
bacco business would assume gigantic
proportions. There is certainly field for
the investment of capital in railroads,
plantations and the manufacturing in-
A typical company of cAguinaldo' s Filipino cArmy.
best railroad lines in the United States.
The province of Pampanga is especially
rich in cane fields, and there are districts
not reached by the railroad where great
quantities of sugar go to waste annually
for lack of transportation. With facili-
ties for marketing the product the out-
put of sugar from this district could be
increased many thousands of tons an-
nually. The same can be said of coffee,
tobacco and chocolate. The finest to-
bacco is grown in the northern prov-
inces, and immense quantities are con-
sumed in the home market. Imagine a
population of 8,000.000 people, each one
of whom smokes from 25 to 100 cigar-
ettes daily, for the habit is universal
dustries necessary for the preparation of
the products of the islands for market.
There was a large crowd assembled at
the San Fernando station when we ar-
rived. An elegant carriage, drawn by
four gaily caparisoned and decorated
white horses, was in waiting for Presi-
dent Aguinaldo, while the Calle Real
(the royal road, as the main thorough-
fare everywhere is invariably called) was
lined with soldiers, who faced inwards
from opposite sides of the street, the men.
being at intervals of about five yards,
and the line extending along a distance
of nearly two miles. Between these lines
we drove in the fine carriages our host,
who had gone up the day before, had
WITH AGUINALDO IN THE PHILLIPINES.
177
sent to the station to meet us, receiving
salutes from the soldiers as we passed,
and being objects' of intense curiosity
and interest to the thousands of natives
who lined the street. It was indeed a
triumphal procession of the first Ameri-
cans who had been seen in that section
of the country. The entire route was
lined with decorations of colored paper
on bamboo frames, and at intervals the
street was spanned by a handsome arch
made of bamboo poles interlaced with
woven bamboo strips. These arches
were exteremely graceful and artistic in
design, and in this respect more than
compensated for their lack of the mas-
sive effect so characteristic of the tri-
umphal arches constructed for Ameri-
mficant feature of the decorations was
the blending of the American and Fili-
pino flags. Every short distance there
was a pole bearing a shield, on which
were the letters "L\ S." at the top and
"R. P." at the bottom, with Old Glory
depending from one side and the sun
and stars, emblem of the island republic
from the other, testifying to the idea of
the people that the United States and
the Republica Filipinas were united in
the cause of human liberty. This was
the keynote of our treatment, and on
every side we heard the exclamations,
"Buenos Americanos," "Vive los Etatis
Unidos," "Vive la Republica Filipinas!''
We were driven to the house of our
host, a "casa grande" in very truth, and
Captured Spaniards and loyal Filipino soldiers pitching pennies on the Santa Lucia, tie boulevard
between the ivall and the Bay, Manila.
can celebrations. They had the advan-
tage, also, of cheapness, for the entire
half dozen did not cost as much or con-
tain as much material as one average
arch of American design and construc-
tion. Here is a suggestion to American
Fourth of July committees to dwell
upon. To us the most pleasing and sig-
were given breakfast and a smoke, the
latter both before and after eating. It
is impossible to enter a Filipino house,
from the grandest hacienda to the mean-
est hut of polen-thatched bamboo, with-
out being offered a cigarette as soon as
the ceremony of shaking hands has been
concluded, and this invitation generallv
178
THE PACIFIC MONTH! Y.
includes a cigar and is almost always
followed by the tender of something to
drink and to eat. They are royal hosts,
these Filipinos, and go to the limit of
their means, and are courtesy and gen-
uine kindliness personified. We were,
of course, at this time specially enter-
tained, but I have found the same spirit
to be all-pervading wherever I have
been, in country and city alike. If one
dares to express his thanks for such
courtesy he is at once overwhelmed with
the assurance that the whole house is
his and all its inmates his servants. I
am the possessor on this basis of several
of the finest residences in Pampanga and
a retinue of servants that would pauper-
ize an Astor for their support.
The dinner table is always set, and
there are always soup, wine, fruit and
delicate cakes for those who do not de-
sire a heartier meal. The entertainment
fund must be large in the course of a
year, for friends come in by the dozens
every day. As for servants and hang-
ers-on in these grand houses, they are
as thick as flies. Three or four meet
you in the entrada below, others greet
you on the stairs, others wait on you in
the hallway, while still others swarm in
the dining-room and kitchen. There is
not much room required for their ac-
commodation, for they sleep on woven
palm mats on the floor, the mats being
rolled up and put away in the daytime.
If one has occasion to move about the
house at night he is in danger of stumb-
ling over recumbent forms wherever he
goes. As for food, the expense of keep-
ing servants is very light. Rice, boiled
dry and eaten with the hand, is the chief
article of diet, to which are added choco-
late, fruit, and of late bread. The many
dainty dishes spread before the guests
are not for the consumption of servants
in the Philippines any more than in the
United States. There is a good reason
for so many servants. They are neces-
sary in order to get anything done, for
my observation is that for practical work
one good household servant such as the
American housewife has and abuses with
overwork is worth a dozen of them.
About an hour after our arrival at the
house we were drawn to the window
overlooking the decorated street by the
strains of martial music, and saw ap-
proaching the celebrated native band,
followed by Aguinaldo behind his four
milk white steeds and surrounded by a
mounted body guard. He raised his hat
in greeting to some of our party as he
passed, while many of his staff and offi-
cers and civil dignitaries in the succeed-
ing carriages and on foot shouted salu-
tations. Behind them marched a body
of troops as an escort. This native band
is justly celebrated. I venture the pre-
diction that if it ever comes to the United
States, even Sousa's military band will
be overshadowed in popularity. It is
not a noisy organization, volumes of
sound apparently being its least consid-
eration, and for this reason is not so
good for marching purposes for a body
of troops as large as a regiment as the
military bands to which we are accus-
tomed; but for harmony, accuracy of
time, perfection of tone and phrasing it
is unapproached by anything I ever
heard. There is a preponderance of
reeds and French horns, hence the har-
mony and the lack of noise. If Sousa
could hear one of his own marches
played by this Filipino band, he would
feel still better pleased with himself than
he does now. It must not be supposed
that the band plays marches only, for it
renders operas and the most exacting
classical music with equal perfection.
This excellence of tone and accuracy of
time is characteristic of all the native
musical organizations, even to the small
theater orchestra and the mandolin and
guitar quintettes. Wherever two or
three of these musicians are gathered to-
gether, there music is found.
President Aguinaldo proceeded to the
large government house, where he held
a reception and was entertained at a ban-
quet. The Americans were presented to
him and sat at the table as guests of
honor. Previously, however, there was
a review of the troops, some 3,000 of
them marching past the window where
Aguinaldo stood. A window in this
country consists of a broad opening in
the side of the house, extending nearly
its entire length and closed by sliding
frames of window glass, or sea shell, and
wooden slats. With these drawn to one
side the whole interior is exposed. It
WITH AGUINALDO IN THE PHILLIPINES.
179
was thus the president stood, an Ameri-
can lady on either hand and backed by a
group of his staff and American officers,
while the troops marched by in columns
of fours.
The review was by no means impos-
ing. Indeed, there is nothing imposing
about the Filipino soldier. He is neither
Romanesque nor statuesque. Wherever I
have seen him, on guard or standing in
line, he presents a lifelike representation
of one afflicted with "that tired feeling."
an armed mob that would easily be
brushed aside by a much inferior body
of trained troops. A few of them have
served in the Spanish army and show
signs of training and possess a degree
of military bearing, but the great ma-
jority possess little of either. The re-
view over, Aguinaldo made a speech in
Tagalo to the crowd that filled the plaza,
but owing to an unfortunate neglect of
my early education, I am unable to re-
peat it. There were, however, occasion-
SMoro natives of the large island of ^Mindanao,
conquered this tribe.
The Spaniards never
His backbone appears to be plastic and
his legs of unequal length. In all my
experience of four months around Ma-
nila I- have never seen a company per-
form evolutions with anything approach-
ing the precision and snap displayed by
the American soldier, either regular or
volunteer, even with but a few days of
drill, nor have I seen anything but the
simplest movements attempted. They
do not even keep step well, and the
manuel of arms seems as an sealed
book to them. They utterly lack that
coherence and solidity that come from
drill and discipline, and to me seem but
al allusions to the Americans, which al-
ways evoked^ exclamations of approval
from the crowd. The ceremony con-
cluded with the inevitable photograph,
Aguinaldo being taken with his fair
American visitors and group of officers
and dignitaries. Then followed the ban-
quet.
Let no one imagine this was a feast
of rice and garlic. On the contrary, away
out here in an interior province of
Luzon, with no one present besides the
natives, except the few American guests,
I sat down to as fine a banquet as it was
ever my good fortune to attend. There
180
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
"Dip net fishing in Vasig cJRi<ver, cPhillipim Islands. The fishermen live
in the little thatched hut on the raft.
were spotless linen, fine crockery and
table ware in abundance, cut glass and
silver, while the menu embraced a
multitude of finely cooked dishes, with
wine and champagne. Fish, flesh, fowl
and fruit, with innumerable delicacies,
served promptly and in good style, kept
us busy for more than an hour, and then
came the toasts, both in Spanish and
Tagalo. So far as my limited acquaint-
ance with the former language enabled
me to follow the speakers, I gathered
that the substance of all the speeches
consisted of praise of the liberator, as
Aguinaldo is styled, and his counsellors
and soldiers, and the pledging of faith
to the Republica Filipinas, accompanied
by occasional allusions to America,
which were invariably greeted with ap-
plause. An /American medical officer
was one of the speakers, and took occa-
sion to announce that a cable had just
been received to the effect that the
United States had demanded of Spain
an indemnity of $90,000,000 or the ses-
sion of all her East India possessions,
and that Spain had acceeded to the latter
alternative. This statement was received
with shouts of approval, and there fol-
lowed vivas in rapid succession for the
United States, President McKinley, the
Americans, Aguinaldo, the Filipino re-
public and everything else their enthus-
iasm could suggest, Aguinaldo himself
proposing vivas for the Americans. This
sentiment is not simply an expression of
present policy, but is genuine on the part
of the great masses of the people. They
are immensely pleased with the Ameri-
cans, who have come so far across the
sea to overthrow the power ot their im-
memorial oppressor. In my judgment
this is all the masses care for, to be re-
lieved from Spanish rule and burden-
some taxes, and if the American govern-
ment gives them this they would be per-
fectly satisfied with the present status,
were it not for the influential classes
urging them on to the support of an in-
dependent republic. At present the in-
fluence of the leaders is powerful. Agui-
naldo is almost venerated as "El Libre-
dor," and the idea of an independent
government under the protection of the
United States has taken a strong hold
upon the class composing his army. It:
WITH AGUINALDO IN THE PHILLIPINES.
m
is on this basis they cheer the Ameri-
cans, and they always are careful to in-
clude the Republica Filipinas in all such
sentiments. Still, I believe the wealthy
classes are satisfied that American rule
is better for them than an unrestrained
government of the people, while the
masses, as I said before, are well enough
satisfied to be relieved from the domin-
ion of Spain. The element of danger in
the situation, as I conceive it, is the Fili-
pino army, both organized and unorgan-
and individual liberty they do not com-
prehend. For this reason there may be
some friction in fully establishing Ameri-
can authority and laying the Republica
Filipinas on the table indefinitely, and it
will call for diplomacy and delicate hand-
ling. My own idea is that the more
wealthy and intelligent natives should be
given positions, such as provincial gov-
ernors and district officers, and that a de-
gree of local self-government be pro-
vided for. In this way the aristocracy
The ceuve of Via.tuaba.to, the entrance to the stronghold in the mountains of Bulacan province,
Luzon, "where the insurrectos held the Spaniards at bay during the insurrection of 1897.
The Spaniards lost many thousand soldiers here, and finally broke the rebellion
. only by bribing Aguinaldo, the leader.
ized. Their heads are so swelled by their
success in arms, that they imagine them-
selves to be great fighters, and even
think they could whip the Americans
should it become necessary. They want
to rule, to confiscate Spanish and church
property and collect taxes and exactions
such as they have become accustomed
to. Their idea of a government of their
own is an opportunity to run things with
a high hand and to do unto the Span-
iards as was done unto them. The
American idea of government and civil
might be placaded and the backbone of
opposition broken.
Returning from the banquet to our
host's residence, we indulged in the in-
evitable siesta preparatory to attending
the grand ball in the evening. With
true native ease, we spread mats on the
polished hardwood floor, and with heads
on a wool pillow slumbered until a gen-
eral alarm was sounded for dinner, an
affair not much less elaborate than the
banquet.
The ball was held at the house of a
182
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
wealthy planter, a spacious mansion, and
was attended only by the president and
his staff, the local officials and their fam-
ilies, a few visitors from Manila and our
party of four. The people generally
were having festivities of their own at
other houses. In every respect the ball
was such as would be given at the home
of a wealthy and refined American fam-
ily. Aguinaldo and his staff and the
American officers were in uniform.
for bright colors was evident, but har-
mony of color and artistic effect were
characteristic of every costume. The
native dress consists of a somewhat nar-
row skirt of silk, with a long train, a
waist of pina cloth, with very wide
sleeves and a collar piece of the same
material, covering the shoulders, reach-
ing half way down the back and in front
the ends fastened together with a brooch
just above the waist. Pina cloth is as
Company L, Second Oregon U. S. V. Entering Manila, Aug. 13, 1898.
Other gentlemen were in black evening
dress. The ladies were attired in cos-
tumes of embroidered silk and pina
cloth, made in the Filipino style, and
decorated with diamonds. In all my
similar experiences I have never seen
such a display of diamonds as was made
on this occasion. There were finger
rings, ear-rings, brooches, pins, hair
ornaments and watches studded with
them, soltaires and clusters. But there
was no vulgar ostentation. The taste
fine as silk, but quite stiff, and is of na-
tive manufacture from the fibre of the
pine palm. Its stiffness causes the
rolled collar to stand out from the neck
and the large sleeves to stand entirely
free from the arms, thus promoting the
comfort of the wearer. In compliment
to our hosts the lady of our party wore
one of these costumes, and was justly
complimented for her beauty and radiant
appearance. President Aguinaldo es-
pecially expressed his pleasure at the
WITH AGUINALDO IN THE PHILLIPINES.
183
honor paid his people by the beautiful
American, who was not only the first
American lady in Pampanga, but the
first to wear the national dress of the
Filipinos. A little after midnight we
withdrew from the ballroom and were
soon soundly asleep on our palm mats
on our entertainer's floor.
There had been nothing except the
style of furniture, the architecture and
the color of the dancers to distinguish
this from a ball in my native land. The
Filipino plays the host and the guest
with equal courtesy. He is refined in
sentiment. He is spotlessly clean in
person and raiment, and a thorough gen-
tleman. Nothing but an unreasoning
prejudice against color would prevent
him from being a welcome guest in any
American home. In color, he is very
light, even when there is no admixture
of white blood, especially the native of
Pampanga. The tint is not that of the
American mulatto, but a brighter brown
or light yellow. Of 'course, as one pro-
gresses downward in the social scale, he
encounters less refinement and intelli-
gence, and comes in contact with customs
that do not charm; but in the main he
finds personal cleanliness everywhere,
associated, strangely, with an indiffer-
ence of cleanliness of surroundings that
it is difficult to comprehend.
Adam's Mother.
<Ey SMRS. W. L. WOOD.
MRS. Gloon stood by the kitchen
table mixing a sponge of brown
breaa. The light from a single
candle blended dimly with the fading
light shining through the stove door,
throwing shadows of her movements on
the wall in long, blurred lines.
The tall Seth Thomas clock, in the
sitting-room, was striking nine, when
Adam opened the outside door and came
in. He looked tall and big-boned in his
best suit of clothes. His boots creaked
as he crossed the room and sat down by
the stove, but they did not creak enough
to drown the heavy sigh that escaped
from his lips.
His mother gave him a quick look.
"What be the matter, Adam?" I hope
nothing's wrong."
Adam did not answer at once, but sat
gazing at the toes of his boots which he
moved restlessly.
He must wound his mother's feelings
deeply, and he shrank from doing it.
Finally, he began to speak in sort of a
mutter that grew clearer as he pro-
ceeded.
"What can I do? Mrs. Allee said, to-
night, that Ellen sha'n't marry me, no
way; and Ellen, she just cries and won't
say a word."
"Ellen Allee sha'n't marry you, eh!
Why not, I want to know? Hain't you
and me better'n the whole pack of shift-
less Allees?" She lowered her voice as
Adam raised a deprecating hand. "Well,
perhaps, Ellen's better'n the rest, but
what Mrs. Allee can object to Adam
Gloon for is mor'n I can see."
Adam struck his right hand several
times, then, shaking his shoulders and
straightening up, as if for an effort, he
said :
"Mother, can't you see, it's not me.
It's — it's — well, she kind of thinks may-
be Ellen wouldn't get what she ought to
eat."
"Heh! What she ought to eat!
Well!" gulping to clear her throat, "You
can say to Mrs. Allee with my best re-
spects, that though I hain't ever had a
running to silk dresses and no stockings,
nor to dancing the whole night and let-
ting my children go to school without
their breakfasts, still I may starve folks
what's my own kin; and that I hope
Ellen won't ever set her foot inside this
house again."
184
THE "PACIFIC MONTHLY.
Adam groaned. His mother's strained
voice softened to a crooning monotone.
"They sha'n't treat you so, Adam. I
know I'm right. If I should touch meat
it would be struck from my hand.
Hain't I tried it. I know butter'n meat
are the killing of folks. Them that eats
plenty of brown bread and takes a cold
bath every day can live forever." Her
face shone like a zealot's.
Adam stifled another groan. He
could not tell his mother that many peo-
ple thought she had killed her three lit-
tle daughters and her husband by her
rigorous treatment. He could not tell
her that, but Mrs. Allee had not spared
him, when trying to save Ellen from a
life under his mother's rule.
He said nothing more, but took up
his burden bravely. Nothing could
shake his mother's convictions.
One Sunday afternoon, several months
later, Mrs. Gloon sat by the open front
door, looking out over the fields that
were almost ready for cutting.
The wind gently swayed the tall tim-
othy, shading it into a thousand tones of
green. A narrow path ran from the
doorstep up the sloping field to the road.
Presently she saw a man coming. She
could not see plainly over the tops of the
bushes that grew thickly along the old
rail fence, but when he reached the gate
and turned down the path she saw that
it was Adam, with his shoulders squared
and the light of a great joy upon his face.
Instinctively she arose, and a moment
later Adam put his arms about her and
said, with a sob in his voice:
"Mother, she's going to marry me,
after all. Her folks are going to Pa-
louse to live ; and she will stay and marry
me as soon as I like.
"She doesn't care if she won't have
what she likes to eat, she says, if she can
be with me."
Adam did not notice his mother wince,
but she said, fiercely, to herself, as she
prepared supper:
"I know I'm right. Hain't the spirits
told me time 'n time again."
Adam and Ellen were married a week
later. Mrs. Gloon had supper ready
when they came home. She was heap-
ing a plate with thick slices of brown
bread. There were already on the table
a bowl of apple sauce and a few dishes
filled with steaming vegetables.
Even these tasted flat, and Ellen
loked for the salt. Then she remem-
bered that Mrs. Gloon never used it.
She made a wry face and looked across
the table at Adam, but he kept his face
bent over his plate. She smiled to her-
self. What did she care about trifles
with him to shield her from the real
troubles?
Indeed, the three lived very happily
together for many months until Ellen
began, gradually, to sicken. She had
some fever, and, occasionally, a chill, but
she always declared, each day, that she
would be better tomorrow until, at last,
a tomorrow came when she could not
raise her head from her pillow.
Mrs. Gloon nursed her assiduously
with her vigorous cold water treatment
in which she had most absolute faith.
But Adam grew alarmed when day afte.-
day went by and still Ellen grew weaker.
He knew that his mother would not
tolerate a doctor. He had ventured to
propose bringing in Dr. Rummens, "just
to sort of see Ellen/' and his mother had
said: "So, you don't trust me, Adam?
Me, as has nursed sickness for more
years 'n you've been born. The day a
doctor comes in I get out, for good."
One day Adam started into the room
just as his mother was preparing the
daily cold plunge for Ellen. The blank-
ets were toasting before the fire for the
sweat afterwards.
Ellen did not hear him open the door,
she was pleading so earnestly in her
weak little voice:
"Oh, mother, please let the cold bath
go for today. I feel like it will kill me."
"There, there, child, it's just what yo
need to get that awful fever out of you.'
"But I'm so weak, I know it will kill
me; it's so cold, so cold," Ellen wailed.
Adam's, muscles grew tense and his
jaw squared. "Mother," he said, trying
to steady his voice, "Mrs. Kramer's aw-
ful sick and they want you quick."
Mrs. Gloon set down the bucket of
cold water she was going to pour into
the tub.
"Mrs. Kramer? Dear me! How'm I
going to leave Ellen, though? She seems
powerful weak todav."
cADAM'S SMOTHER.
185
"I can take care of her. Can't I, Ellen
dear? You'd better hurry, mother." He
drew his breath quickly. He felt as if he
was choking.
This was about ten in the morning.
At two, Mrs. Gloon turned wearily in at
her own gate again. Although it was
October, the air was warm and she felt
hot and dusty from her four-mile tramp.
The fields had been harvested months
ago, and were green again with soft
young grass, among which the cattle
were browsing luxuriantly.
"I wonder where Adam could have
heard that Mrs. Kramer was sick," re-
iterated she, "when she never was bet-
tern her life."
She pushed open the door, and then
fell back a step. The whole room was
in confusion. She went in. Ellen was
gone. Also, the covers and mattress
from her bed. Other things were gone,
too. Even a chair or two, a rug and
some dishes. Mrs. Gloon stood par-
alyzed. Adam, her beloved, had done
this! Had deceived his own mother.
Had told her a lie, and then stolen away
like a thief. Her son, who was usually
so tender to her. This was what she had
slaved for, saving and working for such
a son!
Although tired from her long walk,
she took no food during the rest of the
day. In the evening the lowing of the
cows aroused her. She let them into the
barn and fed and milked them.
This had been Adam's work, but she
supposed for the rest of her life she
would have to do it. She would not ask
him. No. She would never let him
come back. She noticed that the big
wagon and the two horses were gone.
When she went back to the house she
could see the ruts where the wagon had
been backed up to the porch.
She could not sleep that night, al-
though she laid down on her bed. She
was right, she knew she was right. Ellen
would have got well. She would not
have let her die.
At the first streak of dawn she heard
someone on the back porch, but when
she opened the door there were only
two buckets of foaming milk standing
there.
Adam had remembered her, after all.
Adam, who was not worthy of one
thought, who had torn himself from her
heart by one wicked act. She stood in
the door with her hair wild from the
sleepless tossing, a tiny shawl pulled to-
gether about her throat and held tightly
there, her whole body shaking from ex-
haustion and suffering. She could see
Adam as a baby crowing in her arms; as
a boy upright and true; onward through
the years always loving, always thought-
ful, until now, a big strong man who had
always been so good to her. For the
first time her heart melted a little. He
loved her, after all.
Had she been too determined? Ellen
had been brought up differently. Per-
haps she could not stand the way they
lived. She knew she was right, but, still,
she may have been too set. Adam ought
to ask to come back and she would let
them.
From the window she saw the smoke
curling up from the little house down
the creek, the house that her husband
had built the winter after they came to
Oregon, after that weary march across-
the plains. Here they had settled in this
beautiful Willamette valley, and in the
little old cabin her children had been
born.
Twice during the day she forced her-
self to gulp down some tea, but food
choked her. Towards evening she felt
weak and dizzy.
At dusk, Adam came with the milk
again. She thought, perhaps, he would
come in, but he did not. She sat cold
and still when she heard him, on the
walk, coming nearer and nearer to the
house. She held her breath as he set
the buckets on the porch. Then, after a
moment's pause, as if waiting for some
sign from her, she heard his boots creak
away again.
She sat for several hours, quite still,
but her eyes glowed in the dark like fire.
Finally, she arose stiffly, and went into
her room and laid down on the bed with-
out undressing. Nothing mattered now;
her life was dead. She had only lived for
Adam.
About two in the morning she got up,
suddenly. She had been wrong! It came
upon her like a flash of fire, flooding her
soul with new light, burning strong and
186
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
steadv, a conviction to last as long as
life.
In the future people could do as they
thought best. She could not change, en-
tirely, for herself, but Adam and Ellen
could do as they chose. She would go at
once and ask them to come back. She
could not live without them.
The moon was setting full and glorious
as she started, but she did not notice.
The way seemed long and she felt very
weak. She found a stick to help her,
but, even then, her progress was painfully
slow. Her feet felt so heavy that she
could scarcely lift them, while her head
was strangely light.
She did not see the beautiful silvery
light upon the fields and creek, her light
was inward, burning to the extreme
point of limit.
Before she was half way, she stumbled
and fell. What a relief! She would
crawl. But soon the heavy fatigue came
back. When she reached the bars she
dragged herself painfully through them.
The night was cold and the grass
heavy with dew. Her skirts were
soaked and clung in a sodden mass to
her, chilling her through and through.
She could not go much farther.
For the first time a fear came over her
that she would never get there. She
who had always been so strong and well,
who expected to live to be a hundred.
She went only a few feet at a time now,
and her breath came hard and thick.
She had no feeling in her legs; she
dragged herself by her arms.
The cabin at last! The first streak of
dawn lighted the eastern sky as she
touched the step. She could dimly hear
Adam's step within. He heard her weak
voice and opened the door.
"Mother! Mother!" he cried, with a
great sob in his voice, as he gathered
her up into his arms.
' ' I ' ve — come — for — you— and — Ellen .
I — I — was — wrong," she whispered.
The Scarlet Huntsman.
Have you seen the scarlet huntsman
Wave his arms and bare his head,
Leading forth the Indian warrior
To the wigwams of the dead?
When the silent march is taken
To the happy hunting ground,
Leaves no trail that we can follow
Or the echo of a sound.
For the calm of night 's unbroken
As the specters softly glide
Passing through the stilly silence
On beyond the "great divide."
On beyond, to where the tribesmen
Clothed in immortality,
Reunited with his lost ones,
When he plants his last "tepee."
Through the gates of snowy splendor
On the mountains' rocky crest,
Where the smiling valley 's waiting
For the Indian soul ..o rest.
Walter Cayley cBelt SM. T>.
Joseph Simon,
Oregon's Junior Senator.
THERE is not in the political history
of the state of Oregon a more
unique and interesting figure than
that of the Hon. Joseph Simon who was
recently elected to the United States sen-
ate by the legislature of his own com-
monwealth.
Perhaps no one man, since the terri-
tory of Oregon was admitted to state-
hood, has exercised so strong an influ-
ence, has played so important a part, or
has shown so masterful a hand in shap-
ing the political destinies of this quiet
and conservative corner of the world as
the subject of this brief sketch.
Born on German soil, but so early an
adopted son of America and American
institutions that it is not possible he re-
members his mother country, this man
exemplifies the irresistible power of
silence, of the subtle energy that moves
unseen and unheard, acting with thought
directed force upon the minds and mat-
ters of men, compelling co-operation and
obedience. Even his enemies, and the
man of political strength must have
many, admit his astuteness, recognize his
ability and accord full measure of admir-
ation to his extraordinary foresight and
executive adroitness.
"He sits in his office and men go to
him, but he goes not to any man," re-
marked one of the disappointed, com-
menting upon the results of a recent
campaign in local politics. "He under-
stands human nature, and he knows
every man's weak spot."
It is this knowledge, this understand-
ing, rather than a happy combination of
circumstances that has helped him on to
success. An ability to grasp the meaning
of a situation in its entirety, to mold men
to his will, and the material at hand to
meet the exigencies of the hour, this con-
stitutes no small factor in the upward
progress of the man of public affairs.
That Senator Joseph Simon possesses
this ability is not doubted by either friend
or political opponent.
As years count Senator Joseph Simon
is still a young man, having first seen
the light of day in 1857, in the town of
Bectheim in Germany. He had been in
this world little over a twelvemonth
when his parents brought him to Amer-
ica to become in all essential things an
American. He was elected to the state
senate in 1880, and served continuously
in that body for 18 years. In 1888 he
was made secretary of the state repub-
lican committee of Oregon, and in a
short time the entire management of
local political campaigns was left in his
hands.
The story of his career, if written out
in full and up to date, would read like a
romance, and it would, further, embody
a large share of the political history of
Oregon for the last twenty-two years.
For since his first appearance in the
arena in 1877, when he was elected to
the city council of Portland, his finger
has apparently never left for a moment
the political pulse of his all but native
state. From the city hall to the state
house, from the state house to the senate
chamber, it has been a careful, a thought-
fully considered and uninterrupted prog-
ress, illustrative of the thoroughly dem-
ocratic possibilities of the institutions of
this great American republic.
It may be claimed with perfect truth
of Senator Simon that he is almost
wholly a self-educated man. Leaving
school at the age of 14, he assisted his
father in business for a few years, but his
inclinations were not toward a com-
mercial career. He had other tastes and
ambitions, and when he was 19 years old
he began the study of law in the office of
Mitchell and Dolph, becoming in 1873
a member of the firm of Dolph, Bro-
naugh and -Dolph, Hon. John H.
Mitchell having retired upon being
elected to the United States senate from
Oregon. In 1883 the election of J. N.
Dolph to the same high place made yet
188
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
another change in the firm, which now
became known as Dolph, Bellinger,
Mallory & Simon, and so stands today,
though the junior member has followed
in the footsteps of his illustrious prede-
cupying a seat in the senatorial cham-
ber in the capitol at Washington. It is
expected that he will make for himself a
reputation in national affairs correspond-
ing to that which he has already won in
cessors and is at the present moment oc- the political arena of his own state.
The Voice of the Silence.
By one of Portland's leading citizens, a prominent member of society, who for the present cwilt
remain unnamed. The author, a close student of human nature, holds that character is
stronger than circumstances, and undertakes to illustrate his theory in a decidedly novel and
interesting manner. The hero and heroine, taken from real life, and undoubtedly well
known to the majority of our Portland readers, are placed in a purely fictitious environment,
<where they proceed to work out the "writer's ideas. — Ed.
Chapter III.
What is love but dream that, passing,
Leaves the dreamer once more awake?
What is love but a trifler, cruel,
Bruising the heart he can not break.
BEFORE the last rose-hued bloom
had faded in the rhododendron
thicket, just as the wind, strong
and steady began to blow from the
northwest Odin said good-by and sailed
away.
The sloop was a staunch little craft,
but the growing trade on the river de-
manded a larger vessel and one not alto-
gether dependent upon wind and tide for
her means of locomotion, therefore Odin
was commissioned by the company to
select and charter a small steamer to
supplement the voyages of the sloop. It
was decided rather suddenly to send him.
Hanson was going, but Hanson was not
on his own affidavit a competent man
for the business, knowing more about
the welding of iron and the forging of
steel than about boats. The only other
man who could be spared at this time
was Odin, and Odin, in spite of his
youth was a man in whom the company
reposed the utmost confidence.
"Going away!" echoed Elise in tones
of incredulous amazement when he came
down the night before he sailed to bid
her good-by. "No, no, I will not believe
it. You are not going."
They were standing in the twilight
in the cabin door, but now she turned
and went in. She was dazed by his an-
nouncement. She did not believe that
he would go and leave her. He could
not; how was she to live without him?
And yet down in her heart something
told her that he spoke the truth.
He followed her in presently and stood
silently regarding her in the dim light.
He longed to throw himself at her feet
and tell her that he would return never
to leave her again, that he loved her and
would make her his wife, but the stern
sense of justice that had always dom-
inated every act of his young life held
him speechless. Perhaps if she had
wept he would have so far forgotten his
resolve as to have spoken the irrevocable
words, for he could not resist the sight
of a woman's tears, but she did not
weep, she only sat there upon the fur-
covered couch, leaning- back, her hands
clasped in her lap and her eyes down-
cast, waiting for him to break the silence.
Instinctively she knew that his pain far
outweighed her own, and woman-like,
was glad that he suffered.
"You will believe me," he said at last,
in his slow, hesitating fashion, "when I
tell you that it costs me more, far more
than it can cost you to say good-by."
"Then you do not mean ever to re-
THE VOICE OF THE SILENCE.
189
turn?" she asked quickly.
"Yes, I shall come back. It is not
likely that I shall be absent longer than
a couple of months, but I cannot expect
to find you unchanged when I return.
Many things may happen in two
months."
She lifted her eyes, and he felt their
soft glow through the summer dusk.
"Odin," she said, her voice sweeter, more
tender than he had ever heard it, "Odin,
will you leave me, even for two months
when I say to you as I say now, Be-
loved, I cannot live without you? Oh,
does my happiness mean so little to you?
If you must go take me with you."
She reached him both her hands, and
as he clasped them in his own, drew him
down upon the couch at her side, leaning
her dark head against his shoulder.
"Take me with you, take me with you,
Odin," she begged. But he did not re-
spond either to her words or to the ca-
ress. She could not see in that dim light
that his eyes were full of tears, or know
that he dared not trust his voice, and
she felt hurt at what she deemed his in-
difference, hurt and surprised. How had
she mistaken him so. All at once she
remembered that in all their close and
intimate companionship he had never
once uttered a term of endearment, had
never given her an unsought caress.
Was it possible that he did not care,
after all? A sudden fear gripped her
heart, but she put it resolutely aside. If
he did not care, he should.
"Dear," she said, leaning nearer, "you
are breaking my heart, and you do not
seem to care."
"No, not that; I would spare you pain
if I could. It would have been better if
I had not come into your lfie; I have
only made you suffer, and I would give
the world, if it were mine, to secure your
lasting happiness."
"And yet it is such a little thing I ask
of you — only to stay with me, to go on
as we have begun, to live always as we
have lived since that day you came first
and taught me what it was to be alone.
I had not known the meaning of soli-
tude till you made me understand what
companionship was. If you are absent
but a day I am restless and wretched.
When you go I count the hours, the.
minutes, till you come again. Can I live
two months, not seeing your dear face?
two long, weary, endless months? Oh,
you cannot ask it, you cannot!"
Odin drew away from her. He clenched
his hands till the nails cut into his palms.
His face was white with the intensity of
his emotion. It seemed to him, in that
brief moment, that he lived and suffered
centuries of fierce physical pain, and
still fiercer mental agony. He cursed
himself for his weakness, and drained to
its bitter dregs the cup of unearned re-
morse.
"Why do you shrink from me? Do
you no longer love me?" questioned the
girl, in her low, sweet tones.
He found his voice then. "Yes, I love
you," he said. "If you knew me as I am,
you would know that I am not worthy
to touch the hem of your dress, but you
shall not be the worse for my love. I
must go now." He stood up and
reached her his hand. She put her own
shapely white one in it, and rose too.
She was beginning at last to realize the
futility of words, of looks, of kisses. He
was going, and nothing she could do or
say would stay him for a moment.
Therefore she was silent and still. She
did not even offer her lips when he said
good-by; she did not watch him down
the path to the beach as was her wont,
but stood leaning against the door which
he closed behind him as he went out,
conscious only of the magnitude of her
disappointment.
As for Odin, that night marked an
epoch in his life. All through the sum-
mer darkness and into the gray dawn he
walked the beach below the pine grove
and fought the battle which few men es-
cape, but which alas, few men may win.
But the victory brought him little joy,
brought him, in fact, only bitterness of
heart, and doubt and pain. Hope's
smile he would not see, and the future
held faint promise of happiness or even
peace. But he knew that once for all he
had vanquished the demons of the night,
and might henseforth go on his way un-
harmed by their red-lashing torments.
It was perhaps a month after Odin's
departure, that Elise, restless and lonely,
wandered aimlessly along the river
190
THE TACIFIC ^MONTHLY.
beach. The hours seemed to drag their
weary length on leaden feet, the days
were empty and the nights were dull, or
disturbed by vaguely troubled dreams.
The girl had tasted the sweet of human
companionship and Nature no longer
sufficed. She missed the clinging touch
of hands, the light of loving eyes, the
sound of a voice whose every note was
a caress. She longed without the con-
sciousness of the longing for some one to
talk to. She recalled again and again,
each incident of the past half year, re-
membered every word and glance and
tone, and wondered and questioned and
aoubted. He was so strong, so kind, so
cold; he said he loved her, yet seemed
always to impose an impenertable bar-
rier between them. Was it because,
after all, they were of a different class as
he declared? Elise knew little of classes
and conditions. In her limited experi-
ence there had been no room for such
knowledge, but she felt instinctively the
difference that separated her from the
women in the village. They were farther
from her in all things than the Indian
girls whom she sometimes met on the
beach or on the hills. The Indians, at
least, had been taught by the same great
Mother of them all. They had learned
their lessons from the same book and
saw and understood the hidden mean-
ing of things.
. "Of the people" he had named him-
self, he who was so strong and noble,
and so true, like the heroes in the old
romances he read aloud to her those
long rainy afternoons and evening last
winter. Were the people then so su-
perior? She wearied of this questioning
in time and gave herself up to dreams,
drifting upon the rose-pink flood of
fancy until the realities of life became
blurred and indistinct. She often
climbed to the hill-top overlooking
the bar where she would lie for half
the day gazing out over the ocean, yet
seeing nothing that was visible to the
physical sight, because she was look-
ing into the past, or trying to pierce the
veil that hung like a silver sun-shot mist
between the present and the future. This
state of mental indolence might have
continued indefinitely but for a timely
interruption which had the effect of
s artling the girl from her dreams and
which gave her something less ■- ener-
vating if less pleasant as an occupation.
On that afternoon when Elise, stroll-
ing beside the river, became suddenly
aware that she was observed by a pair of
sullen black eyes, she entered upon a
new phase of existence.
It was just where the current at low
water bares the barnacled length of an
old uprooted spruce, the beach ends ab-
rupty, and the ebbing tide, deep and
dark, sweeps passed the dead spruce with
the velocity of a mill-stream.
Huddled in an uncomfortable fashion
upon the log was a girl, a girl with a
handsome swarthy face and a wild tan-
gle of raven hair. She was bare-headed
and wore a gay-colored shawl drawn
closely about her shoulders and trailing
down upon the wet sands.
For a full minute the two stared at
each other in silence, the blue eyes wide
with wonder and surprise, the black
ones burning with hate and desperation.
Then Elise smiled.
"You are not from the town," she said
in the musical Indian tongue.
"No, I am not." the stranger replied
in English.
"And yet—"
"I ain't white, and I ain't Indian. O
God, I ain't nothin'!" Her head went
down upon her out-flung arms and her
ungainly figure shook with a passionate
fury of dry, tearless sobs.
Elise impulsively drew nearer and laid
her hand upon the unkempt hair, wait-
ing till the storm had passed. When
the girl lifted her head it was not to look
at her companion, but at the hurrying
stream.
"There ain't no use livin'," she said
sullenly, "I'm goin' to drown myself!"
"Oh!" cried Elise, "why should you
do that?" Her voice was vibrant with
sympathy and sweet and tender. "Why,
oh, why, should you think of such a
dreadful thing?"
But the girl shook her hand ofl
roughly. "You better not touch me!"
she exclaimed. "I ain't fit; ain't nobod}
speaks to me up town, but I don't
care!" She slipped awkwardly from the
log to the sands, clenching her hands in
a sort of impotent dull rage. "I don'
THE VOICE OF THE SILENCE.
191
care," she repeated, "I don't care!"
She was a head shorter than Eiise as
she stood there, her handsome features
distorted with passion. Noting the lat-
ter's curious glance she ' instinctively
drew her shawl closer, then with an
angry gesture flung it aside.
"There!" she cried fiercely, '.'I don't
care; everybody knows."
But Elise did not understand. The
meaning of the speech was lost upon her
unsophisticated ears. She only saw that
the girl was unhappy, and her own dis-
appointment inclined her to sympathy.
"I am sorry people are unkind to
you," she murmured softly. "Will you
not come Home with me? I will be your
friend."
The girl eyed her suspiciously..
'"Friend!" she exclaimed, with bitter
scorn, "friends don't count when you're
in trouble. I ain't got any friends, and
I don't want any; they treat you like a
dog when — when your trouble comes."
But Elise was not to be put off by
rudeness. The dark wild beauty of this
girl's face attracted her, and she could
not bear the sight of pain. She caught
the fringe of the gay shawl as its wearer
turned away.
"Tell me where you are from. Do
vou belong to the river?"
"No."
"You live—"
"Up there." She motioned toward the
Point and Elise remembered that just
around the bend there was an old cabin,
long deserted, but for the last few
months, occupied by a white man with
an Indian wife and several half-breed
children. The man was employed "by
the company to provide wood for the
cannery and the woman was given odd
bits of work now and then by the femi-
nine portion of the growing community.
"Will vou come here tomorrow?"
"What for?"
"I wish it." The blue eyes looked
steadily into the dark ones; there was a
compelling force in their depths. Slowly
the anger faded from the black orbs and
they drooped wearily till the long lashes
rested upon the brown cheek.
"You will come." It was not a ques-
tion this time, but a command.
••Yes."
"Good-by then, and remember that I
am your friend." The two girls, both
children of Nature, yet opposite as the
poles, went their separate ways. In that
brief meeting a long chain of circum-
stances was set in motion that was des-
tined to influence the life of each in ways
it was not then possible to foresee or
even to dream of.
(To be continued.)
Life's Elegy.
I've wandered far o'er land and sea,
I've seen the lighted festal hall,
And heard the wail of misery
Above the flaunting prompter's call.
Upon the dark and silent street,
Except the sound of quickened tread,
Or ruthless whir of driven sleet
There comes the cry — "Oh give me bread!'
Who has not heard the robin sing,
The burden of a matin lay? —
Yet it has felt the talon's sting
Before the song has died away.
Why softly treads the timid deer,
To startle at the rustling leaf?
Why should with darkness, waken fear,
And morning bring so often grief?
The tiny motes within the air,
The monarchs of the sea and plain,
Live only to a life ensnare,
Strive only to give pain for pain.
"And is it so with man?" I ask,
Once more retrace the lighted hall;
Upon the street, a sullen mask
Is penury — the sleet, a pall.
"Of thee, 0 world, why is it thus?"
I ask, "Will this forever be?
Must life be ever ravenous,
And ever man know misery?"
Thy answer is: — "We little know
The workings of an endless time;
Man's days may be for weal or woe;
His portion, dreary heights to climb.
Within a book of endless leaves,
Is life the turning of a page,
And happy he who well believes
A fairer lot his heritage."
Valentine eBrocwn.
Oriental Learning.
'By). HUNTER WELLS, SM. <Z>.
EDUCATION in the Orient, that is
to say, in China, Japan and Korea,
has its foundation, its structure
and its pinnacles in Confucius and Men-
cius. To know Confucius and Mencius,
or Kong-Maing, as he is called in
Korea, is to be educated. There are
very few men who attain to the point set
as a standard. The test is to repeat
from memory long passages from the
master, as Confucius was called.
The Chinese classics which comprise
some of the writings or sayings of Con-
fucius and Mencius, besides those of
other authors are translated into Eng-
lish by James Legge, a professor at Ox-
ford, England, who was for many years
a missionary in China. The books in
seven large volumes, are full of rich and
pithy, terse and true sayings. Every sub-
ject, outside of science or the Christian
religion, though that is nearly paralleled
in its morals, is considered. The schol-
ars who have attained to a perfect
knowledge of the Chinese classics do not
always practice the moral precepts they
have learned. What people do?
The books are, of course, written in
the Chinese characters. And these
characters are symbols of ideas. They
must be learned like pictures, though
there is a very set and certain way to
write them, and they are designated by
strokes, i. e., so many strokes of the pen
to the character. Boys old enough to
walk or a little older are put to studying
in classes, and the one that yells the
loudest is the best student. A room full
can be heard afar off, for the din is some-
thing awful. They write and yell, and
yell and write. They keep this thing up
for years, though as they get on into
thirties and forties they sing the charac-
ters monotonously instead of shouting
them as in their early youth. Since
there must be a character for every idea
there are consequently characters of
characters, but it is surprising how few
are absolutely necessary. There is more
poetry in the classics of the Orient than
will be believed until they are more
widely scattered and better known. The
philosophy of Emerson, with grander
and more beautiful ideas still, is embod-
ied in the Chinese classics. Every dis-
covery of the past fifty years outside of
strictly scientific lines has been known
to the Chinese for ages. Everything,
however, is now in a state of decay. The
dismemberment of this great empire is a
certainty of the immediate future. When
the barriers of its deadly conservatism
are broken down we shall learn much
that will surprise and interest us.
The system of education prevalent in
China for hundreds, perhaps thousands
of years, outlined as briefly as possible,
consists in teaching the classics, and
nothing but the classics. This barbar-
ous fashion is not entirely absent from
our own schools and universities. The
difference lies in this only: The Occi-
dent goes to the extreme in trying to
teach each student everything under the
sun — the Orient teaches but one.
The introduction of "Western learn-
ing," as it is called, by the missionaries
is so small in proportion to the popula-
tion, and its influence so very limited
except in Japan, as to hardly deserve
mentioning. The expensive methods in
vogue, as compared with the native
schools, are not commendable. The
methods of Christian missions and mis-
sion schools are open to question.
Reverting to Confucius, it is interest-
ing to note the subjects on which he
most frequently conversed, viz.: the
odes, the history, and the maintainance
of the rules of prosperity, feats of
strength, disorder, and spiriual beings.
Since he was supposed to speak only of
things worth while and to keep silent oh
those not worthy of consideration we get
an idea of what was important. "He
said: "Shall I teach you what is knowl-
edge? When you know a thing to hold
that you know it, and when you do not
ORIENTAL LEARNING.
193
Tcnow a thing to allow that you do not
know it — this is knowledge."
In any comparison of Job and Con-
fucius or of Solomon and Confucius the
latter must invariably suffer. For in-
stance, Job says concerning the law of
understanding and wisdom: "Behold
the fear of the Lord that is wisdom: And
to depart from evil that is understand-
ing."~
Confucianism is not a religion. As far
as it goes it is good, but it stops short of
spiritual things. The secret of the stabil-
ity of the Chinese Empire through all
the past ages has not yet been discov-
ered. It would be strange indeed if it
could be proven that it was due to the
system of education laid down by Con-
fucius and Mencius. Their philosophy
compares favorably, nay is even superior
to that of Plato. One thing is certain, the
Greeks of old had no monopoly on learn-
ing, and it would not be surprising if
those venerated old sages got many, if
not most, of their notions from far
Cathay, for the learning that we are con-
sidering was at its zenith long before the
"Glory that was Greece and the grand-
uer that was Rome" was dreamed of.
Education in the Orient then, is a
looking-in rather than a looking-out. As
before intimated, the western method
has leavened Japan, and as a result Japan
has now a system mainly due to the mis-
sionary societies which made the educa-
tional plan the principal feature of the
work. In the great empire of China with
its doubly, triply encased conservatism
the outposts have as yet been merely
touched. It is true they have a "uni-
versity" or two at Pekin and important
schools elsewhere — mainly on paper, but
little influence is felt in the empire from
western education. The character of a
people determines largely the possibility
of change, so when we reflect on the
leading characteristic of China as a set-
tled conservatism, that of Japan as mal-
leability and that of Korea as mediocrity,
we can draw some theoretical conclus-
ions as to what may be.
At any rate the educational system of
the Orient comprised in these three
countries and coming down through the
ages has, it would seem, proven a good
thing in the matter of preserving a gov-
ernment intact for a longer period than
that of any other country since time,* so
far as history shows, began. Surely this
is as important as the little learnings of
Greece and Rome, which are over and
over included in the philosophy of the
Orient. A living language and a living
people are more worthy of consideration
than a dead concern.
The average Chinese is a man of ideas
and resources. There is in each individ-
ual, as in the nation, a latent force that
needs but the leaven of western educa-
tion to awaken. And when once the
Chinese -citizen is aroused to a sense of
his situation China will become the na-
tion of the future.
O Love ! from out the great Profound
If thou but once would stoop to read
The prayer that's written in my heart —
And from the ramparts of sweet heav'n,
Lean out and whisper, "I forgive,"
Oh then the earth again were fair,
And it were then worth while to live!
Lischen £M. cMiller.
The "Lettre dc Cachet" in California.
<By "DAVID STARR JORDAN, President of LeUnd Stanford Junior University,
IN the first week of January, 1898, an
incident occurred in the state of
California which deserves more than
a passing notice, not for the fact itself,
but for the light it throws on our local
criminal processes.
A professor of botany in one of our
universities, a man known in his profes-
sion throughout the world, a traveler of
large experience, a director of the Sierra
Club, and one of its leading workers for
forestry preservation in the United States
goes into the beautiful Santa Cruz woods
with students on a camping trip.
When the camp breaks up, the pro-
fessor walks over to Santa Cruz. He is
attired in woolen shirt and blue fatigue
jacket, with coarse walking shoes. At
the hotel he is recognized at once and
treated royally. He carrLs a bundle of
preserved plants, a carefully made chart
of the roads of the count , a few dollars
in money and a razor. He walks from
Santa Cruz to Capitola station, taking
the train there, but stooping over at
Watsonville to study the fungus that
lives in sugar refuse.
It appears that some three weeks be-
fore a stranger had passed from Santa
Cruz to the village of Soquel and the
neighboring station of Capitola. He was
described as "about six feet tall, middle-
aged, weight 160 to 175 pounds, wear-
ing gray pantaloons, stout shoes, light
flannel shirt, a brown coat, an overcoat,
black hat, a beard about one inch long."
At one saloon in Santa Cruz, and at one
each in Soquel and Capitola, this strang-
er had passed on the bartender a coun-
terfeit ten dollar piece. This was a most
clumsy counterfeit, half thicker than the
genuine coin, made of tin and lead, with
a thin gilding. To the end of securing
this person, a blank "John Doe" warrant
was issued by the justice of peace at So-
quel, charging John Doe as above de-
scribed of the general crime of felony.
The description fits about 15,000 differ-
ent men in California, and in all but four
points it applied to the professor botany.
Seeing a man in a woolen shirt, on
foot,adeputy constable of Soquel jumped
at once at the conclusion that this must
be the desired counterfeiter.
At the Watsonville hotel the professor
was accosted, "See here, pard," by a
rough-looking person, who insisted on
knowing his name and location, and who
with two others, claiming to be officers,
took him into custody. The professor
insisted on the right to telegraph to his
friends, but the only answer from the
Watsonville constable was profanity.
The explanation that botanical explora-
tion was the purpose of the professor's
movements was considered by this man
an insult to his understanding, and he
departed from the "lock-up" at Watson-
ville with a perfect torrent of oaths.
The constables of Watsonville and
Soquel were disappointed at the amount
of money thev found on their captive.
They acknowledged it to be good money,
and the former said that he would keep
it. He was a married man and needed
it. He was anxious to make a bet with
the professor that he was the counter-
feiter. That the professor refused to bet
on a sure thing was to this amateur de-
tective evidence enough that he was the
culprit.
When the professor offered to bring
any number of witnesses to show his
whereabouts at the time the coin was
passed, the Soquel constable said,
"They all prove an alibi, but the best
alibi in the world will count nothing
against the identification of these Soquel
complainants." They went on to say
"they could arrest any man they chose
and the law could not touch them."
At Soquel, one of the complainants
thought him the man, but could not
swear to it. Another said, "Pratt, he
doesn't look to me like the man I saw."
But the constable took this as an abso-
lute identification, and putting handcuffs
on the professor drove with him to the
THE "LETTRE DE CACHET" IN CALIFORNIA.
195
county seat, where he was placed in jail
in a cell with two felons convicted of an
unspeakable crime.
At Santa Cruz, the constables hailed
a notorious "jack-leg" lawyer and
strongly urged their captive to employ
him.
After a night in jail at Santa Cruz, the
fact of his presence became known to
friends in the city. Notice reached the
university, the chief of the United States
secret service came from San Francisco,
and the machinery of the real law was
invoked to release the professor from
jail. The United States officer found not
a fact to justify even suspicion much less
detention, the whole case resting on the
assumption that a professor or a gentle-
man would not wear a woolen shirt nor
walk when he could afford to ride.
The moral of the incident is in the
light it throws on the dangers to which
our loose criminal practice of "setting a
thief to catch a thief" exposes those who
are not criminals.
" Little George."
<Sy cADONEN
IT was down at St. Louis, the great
electric race track, that I first saw
"Little George." . Weighing less
than ioo pounds, with his clear-cut
features, he looked under 30, though I
was told he was nearer 40, and had been
a hard drinker for the last 15 years.
"He knows all there is to know about
horses," one of the big stable owners
said. "There isn't his equal on the turf,
sir, if he'd stay sober; but you never can
trust him, unless it is some big race that
touches his professional pride. Twenty
years ago he was great; I never knew
what knocked him out, but fancy there
was a woman in it, as he won't look at
the pick of them now."
I had noticed that George was kind
to a degree to everything feminine, but
a timid touch on the sleeve of a lady, if
a kicking horse were backing toward
her, or she was likely to come in contact
with one of the innumerable buckets of
water that are always in rapid transit at
the racing stables, was the extent of the
attention he would volunteer.
I really admired his knowledge of the
many phases of horseracing, and tried
to draw him into a sort of friendship;
but for a long time he was shy of me,
and even after we had spent long even-
ings together, any allusion to his past
would end the conversation for that time.
But the day he rode and won the fa-
mous race, the race that kept the tele-
graph machines ticking, changed the
•fortune of more than one rich young
blood, and filled with bank notes some
hands that had almost forgotten their
touch, "Little George" was cheered by
the lucky ones, and that evening he was
given a supper by his admiring, if noisy
friends. But he managed to steal away,
and came up to my room. "I don't
want to get drunk," he said, "if only
that tonight reminds me of a night long
ago. I want to tell you about it, and
you can put it in your old paper if you
want to. I know there are many things
we have to bless our sires for being bur-
dened with, yet my father was as good
a preacher as ever lived on a Massa-
chusetts donation; and I've heard him
say T hadn't an ancestor who ever
thought of a horse except as a beast of
burden.
"I was sent to a good New England
school, but before I was in the Third
Reader, I knew every horse that had any
speed for 20 miles round, and could tell
whether you had to take a bone for the
dog, or cider for the man, when you
wanted to get a neighbor's horse out, on
a moonlight night. My father was too
196
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
busy with his sermons and the asthma to
look very closely after me, but after his
death I quieted down a bit. Mother
was all I had, and I had her but a few
months longer. Then with my little
bundle I started for the big city, where
every year hundreds of country boys
come to ruin, who might have been hap-
py on the farms where they were born.
You say I've made a success of it? Why
man, many times I've been ruled off the
track for so long I've been glad to ride
Indian cayouses for a blanket or pair
of moccasins.
"I've worked in haying, and herded
hogs, and more than once I've asked
for the piece of bread I did not get, and
f>lept supperless, with no covering but
a bunch of sage brush. Of course, I get
back again, strike something like this of
today, and have a big time while the
money lasts; but it is soon gone, and
I am worse wind-broke than if I had
rode every day sober. Some day I'll get
caught in a crush, and if I am crippled I
shall hang round the stables as a swipe
till the whiskey does its work. Lucky
the old jock who gets done to a finish
by a fall. But let me tell you how I
got to this.
"I had no special plan as to how I
was to live when I reached the city. I
hung round the livery stables, simply
because I could not keep away from the
horses. Curly, the man who had charge
of one of the stables, let me share his
iunches for doing nearly all the work
for which he drew pay. By and by I
was hired to help around the stalls. I
was delighted to have found work, but
it was not all sunshine, and often I've
cried half the night with homesickness,
and in the chilly mornings, forced the
first oath from my aching throat, because
the men said my eyes were red. I was
known only as 'Little George,' for I
shrank from owning my father's good
old name, while I was living the life of a
tramp.
"Only once since I left the old home
have I told my right name, and that first
time shall be the last. I don't know
how long I'd been with Curly, when the
great racing millionaire M left
some horses with us while he had a car
repaired, I used to exercise them, and
in two days I knew each horse's peculi-
arities. Old M watched me pretty
closely, as I rubbed down his high-step-
pers, and when the car was ready, I be-
longed to the great man's stables. I
was soon his favorite, and was known as
a crackerjack wherever we went.
"I liked the life. Still, in the first
years I might have quit and have led a
different one, for the racetrack is like
what the Chinese say about opium-
smoking. A man may smoke and quit
any time until he gets the "yin" or crav-
ing. Then good-bye friends, hope, re-
\ m ; he'll never fling the pipe away
but to return to it. Yet after 10 years
of racing, I would have sworn — no I
did swear I had worn the colors for
the last time.
"It happened at a state fair. Some of
the best horses in the West were there.
I was riding Columbia then, the little
black mare who carried everything be-
fore her, year after year. I had never
couched her with spur or whip, and her
soft nose against my face, in the dark
stall at night, was dearer to me than the
smiles of all the girls I'd ever seen. But
one day an old minister brought his
pretty daughter to see the wicked rac-
ers. And from the moment I looked in
hei face, I thought I could give up ev-
everything I held dear if I could win her.
I got the morning off to show them
round, and before night I had told them
who my father was, and enough to make
Nellie look at me as a hero, and her
fc ther say he would save me like a bran-
mash from burning, or something of
that sort. They staid till the fair ended,
an-1 when they left I went with them.
Old M swore, and the boys thought
I had consumption.
"1 went to work on a farm close to
Nellie s home, and though a young farm-
er, who was a great exhorter, Lem
L'lum by name, seemed to be the Rev.
Turner's favorite, he wasn't Nellie's. At
last the old man wrote to the pastor of
the church at my old home, to know if
T had left my character there. Jim
Marsh was their elder then, and he wrote
back giving me a grand-stand recom-
mend. To this day, I never knew
whether he did it becaus'e he was con-
verted by my father's preaching, or be-
"LITTLE GEORGE."
197
cause he won two dollars from me the
night his white mule beat my yearling"
steer. (The yearling lacked training
and flew the track.)
"After that Nellie and I were regu-
larly engaged. We were to have a
year's training, then if we kept our pace,
we were to pull in double traces. Lem
Drum grew pale and thin in those days;
but my pretty girl said he could not feel
as deeply as I would in his place. I cer-
tainly felt considerably at that time,
not only that I was in love for
the first time, but that I was trying to
make myself believe I was not only
longing for a sight of the little.mare, but
for anything on the track, even a rub-
cloth.
"The year had nearly passed, when
Lem brought us a paper that told how
clcl M had matched Columbia
against anything west of the rockies.
"There was a big field, but the writer
prophesied the mare would find her
Waterloo in an unknown, that was sup-
posed to have been smuggled from the
East for that very race. They were al-
ready at the fair ground, and I was glad
I had promised to take Nellie.
"The day came at last, and while Lem
and my father-in-law-to-be viewed the
stock, Nell and I looked at embroideries,
and furniture, ate ice cream, and were al-
most too happy. Yet I was glad to leave
her sitting with some friends, while I
flew to the stables. Yes, flew. And
Oh, the sight of the colors, the little
boots, the caps with their tiny chin-
straps, the mingled smell of horses, leath-
er, cigar smoke and liniment, the banter
and joshing of the swipes, the thin-
faced crackerjack, talking so earnestly to
the little group of elegant looking gen-
tlemen.
"But how can I make you, or anyone
but us understand how the blood dashed
through my veins as it had not for
months; and old Columbia's joy when I
went into her stable, is a thing to be re-
membered. I thougnt old M would
shake my hand off. His rider was all
that had caused him anxiety. But I
thought he had other cause to worry,
when I saw the unknown.
"I knew the big, long-limbed bay as
soon as I saw him. He had a record
that was hard to beat, but it was gained
under another name. I told the old
man there was trickery, but he said he
would bar nothing; and before I knew
it, I was trying on the boots, and look-
ing at bridles all at once. I did run up
to speak to Nellie, and for once was glad
to find Lem Drum beside her eating
peanuts. I told her I would be back
in half an hour; and in 10 minutes I was
in the stirrups, with the smooth track
seeming to spring beneath the little
mare's feet. Fifteen of us lined up, to
start at the dropping of the flag. Races
were not all fixed and jobbed as they are
now days. And as I looked down the
line till I saw the unknown with a knot
of scarlet ribbons in his bridle, I knew
that at last I was at a horserace.
"I got off well, and kept the little
mare close at the big bay's heels. The
unknown was the best runner on that
track. I knew it then; but his rider had
been annoyed that we nad changed rid-
ers, as he had studied the other lad's
method. His temper irritated and ex-
cited his mount. The mare kept her
pace bravely, and then the unknown's
jock began to get nervous and gain on
us by spurts that were made too soon,
and the little black was going steady as
an engine.
"Both the bay and his rider were
showing temper, while I was bending
over Columbia's neck, coaxing, petting,
saving her by every trick my experience
had taught me.
"The pace was telling on the bay, but
poor Columbia was calling in her re-
serve strength, and I could feel her big
heart thumping against my knee as
though it would burst as we drew up be-
side our rivals.
"As the home stretch smoked behind
our horses, I realized that I was not do-
ing farm work. My breath felt clogged,
and the red ribbons on the unknown's
head spread into a blood-red bar across
my eyes. Side by side we strained every
nerve as we neared the wire, but neither
could get an inch to the good. As the
confusion of voices shouted, "The un-
known wins." I drove the cruel spurs
in poor Columbia's side, and with a con-
vulsive spring we had won by a nose.
"I held up my whip, and heard the
198
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
monotonous voice call, "Columbia wins;
time , but I don't remember any
more till the boys were carrying me. on
their shoulders trying to see how quick
I could empty a champagne bottle. I
have a vague rememberance of a big
spread that night, and I stood on two
chairs trying to make some one bet that
the little black wasn't a world-beater.
"But in the early morning I turned on
a not pillow and wondered how I could
haul fence posts with such a headache.
1 thought if I could not work, I'd spend
the day at Nel — I was awake in a flash,
and soon out in the grounds inquiring
for the sweetest face in the big crowd of
yesterday. Poor child, she had refused
to leave the grand stand till long after
dark; then she suddenly begged Lem to
take her home. I got a little box
through the mail with every trinklet I'd
ever given her; but it was not her little
hand that addressed it. I subscribed for
her home paper, till I read of the mar-
riage of "Miss Nellie Turner and Mr.
Lemuel Drum." I'd never drank except
for the company before, but that day I
stopped the paper, and bought me a
flask. Well, I'd found where I be-
longed, and from that day I have never
willingly left the track.
"Are you asleep pard? I am going
down to see if the old horse finished his
oats." And Little George passed out
into the false electric sunshine.
The Dynamics of Speech
As Introduced by Philosophy.
<By ROBERT W. TfOVTHAT, "Ph. CD., Trofessor of Latin in University of West Virginia.
Second Paper.
I WISH again to ask the reader's par-
don for philosophizing before tak-
ing up my subject in its special bear-
ing; not because I am loath to begin the
subject of Dynamics, but because I have
found it necessary to establish the princi-
ples on which expression, the interpreter
of the mind, depends for its values, be-
fore taking up a subject which has so
often been discussed from the historical
standpoint, but without any philosophi-
cal groundwork. There is a history of
language and there is a philosophy of
language, and neither is complete with-
out the other. Besides, as we have
found, the categories established by Aris-
totle, Locke, Ampere, Hume and Kant
do not give us any principles on which
to begin analysis: the former categories
provide for investigation only, as a
method of induction, leading us to the
what, and then desert us at the very
point where we most desire to know the
-why. We have therefore been compelled
too laborate a set of principles, by which
to ascertain the why, not only in lan-
guage, but also in all science; and be-
cause these principles are new, we feel
that it is necessary to state them fully
and clearly, so that all our readers may
get the conception we have of the
dynamics of speech.
It seems that this system which we
have sometimes called "Induction by the
Analysis of Production" is the only
method by which to arrive at satisfactory
results in either science or philosophy.
By simple induction we may learn the how
as well as the what in scientific subjects,
subjects belonging to the material world
only; but, by induction alone, we cannot
advance far enough to ascertain the why.
This last must come from the analysis of
production, and this depends on the
proper understanding of the four great
principles by which all the universe in
all its organisms, as well as in all its
smallest molecules, has come to be what
it is.
We are not seeking to overthrow any-
THE DYNAMICS OF SPEECH.
199
thing that has been built up on good
foundations, yet we are not to be satis-
fied until we know the why of all things
in science, in philosophy, and in religion;
until we know what the highest pinnacles
of observation and the most powerful
glasses, and the most comprehensive
faith can reveal. These are some of the
reasons for clinging a little longer to our
philosophy, before applying its principles
to a single branch of science.
Additional Reasons for the four new cate-
gories— Comprehension, Separation, Extension,
and Limitation — suggested in last paper, and
reasons for the order in which they are ar-
ranged.
i. Because comprehension, separa-
tion, extension and limitation represent
the four great principles on which the
Creator has proceeded and still proceeds
in all His operations throughout the uni-
verse. Chaos as conceived by the an-
cients was the Laplace nebular hypothe-
sis, the great original physical compre-
hension. Out of this separation came
the different constellations or systems,
each of which by extension moved out to
its proper limitation or orbit. Again,
gravitation is comprehension, the power
which would bring the whole universe
into one again; and the centrifugal force
is separation, the tendency of all life and
energy to reveal itself. Compression is
comprehension, expansion is separation.
2. In the vegetable world, the grain
is a comprehension or combination, the
chemical constitution of which we need
not name, the biological process through
which the germ passes we need not dis-
cuss: we know there are at least two
parts in every grain, and any two or
more parts brought together in a prop-
erly associated grouping are sufficient to
constitute a comprehension. Out of
this comprehension the germ begins to
evolve, develop, as soon as proper en-
vironment is afforded: this is the begin-
ning of separation, and it is worthy of
repetition, this is the tendency of all life
and energy, — this disposition to reveal
itself. Growth, in one sense, is the
lengthening or prolonging process, but
more correctly the plant's inherent pow-
er to "gather in" (comprehend) the ma-
terial necessary for its extension.
Finally, cessation of growth constitutes
limitation. Next, the completed growth
becomes a comprehension; decay and
dissolution become separation; the pass-
ing of each individual element back into
the soil or the atmosphere, an extension;
and each individual atom finally combin-
ing by affinity with its own, a limitation.
3. All taking of food into the body is
an act of comprehension; digestion is
neither more nor less than separation
into proper elements; circulation is ex-
tension of food elements to their proper
places; and deposition and assimilation
are limitation. Then, the work having
been completed in one direction, we have
in the body even while living as a com-
prehension, separation going on contin-
ually; every pulsation, every breath,
every opening of a pore in perspiration,
every exercise of a muscle, every bath, —
every effort of the organs of sight or
hearing or other sense, every utterance
of the tongue, — all produce more or less
the effect called separation; and, finally,
when for the body separations exceed
comprehensions, tnen, as with the ma-
tured plant, decay and dissolution must
result in death. As there were two ex-
treme comprehensions for the plant, so
there are for the physical man, one for
the germ out of which life was devel-
oped, the other for completed growth,
out of which came dissolution and death.
Before the decay of the plant, as before
the decline of the man, separation is, as
we nave said, a continuous operation;
but supplies of the material necessary for
renewing the comprehension are equally
continuous.
4. The thought-process is very sim-
ilar to that of generation. The mind is
the matrix or suitable receptacle for
holding not only the ovum of adaptabil-
ity, but also for receiving from without
through the senses such impressions as
can affect this ovum. When the ovum
of adaptability is affected by the outer
object, then conception is said to take
place; and, as in the development of the
plant, suitable nourishment must be
taken from without, so additional kin-
dred objects or subjects of thought are
added, perhaps rapidly, perhaps slowly,
200
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
until a sufficient amount of investigation
has satisfied the demand for accurate in-
formation. This end of limitation, we
call knowledge. Now, the reception of
an impression from without was an act
of comprehension; the first thought was a
separation from the ovum of adaptabil-
ity as it was offected by the impression
from the outer object. Then, as mem-
ory, the great storehouse, the almost in-
finite comprehender of the mind, not
only holds, but continually gathers facts,
these facts by the power of abstraction,
which is only another name for separa-
tion from the comprehension, become
suitable nourishment for the thought-
plants, and these grow more or less rap-
idly by extension through the kind of
nourishment received, until belief is
reached, and finally the completed
thought becomes knowledge, a limita-
tion of the thought-process. Now, the
thought-process being completed, the
thought, which we call knowledge, is a
comprehension, and from the compre-
hension will begin expression, only an-
other name for separation, as what we
have found to be truth affects our action
toward ourselves or others. May be, we
only speak, still we are separating from
our comprehension. If we paint, we are
still bringing out what properly belongs
to a comprehension or connected whole
within. If we are sculptors, all the prop-
erly related forms, completed forms
within, are being transferred to marble.
The transferrence is separation and ex-'
tension; and, when all that we know has
come out in language, spoken or written,
in painting, in sculpture, or music, then
we have reached our limitation. Each
individaul statement made by us is like
some feature of a marble statue made by
the sculptor. Think of Hart's working
for nineteen years to shape his statue of
"The Perfect Woman." This was a con-
tinuous development of the idea of
beauty possessed by himself.
When the mind attacks any subject,
the subject being no part of the mind, the
mind takes it as it appears, and, for the
time being at least, regards the subject
as concrete, or a comprehension. Then,
analysis, or separation of parts, is at-
tempted; and, if analysis be found pos-
sible, investigation by extension through
all ramifications or concatenations is
continued, until we have done all that
the human mind is capable of doing, and
then we have reached the limitation.
This limitation becomes to us knowl-
edge, our knowledge of that subject; and,
until some other person can make for us
a more exhaustive analysis, a greater
number of separations, we must be con-
tent with what we have done. Every
analysis properly conducted by us in-
creases our stock of knowledge, and,
from this comprehension, we use, but
never destroy, except by substitution of
some other analysis, the comprehension
we have made. Here is the philosophy
of omniscience. All parts of the uni-
verse,— each individual atom being thor-
oughly examined before it went into
comprehension, the relations among all
being accurately known by the compre-
hensions which have been made, — all
parts are perfect mental comprehensions;
there can be no substitutions in the Di-
vine Mind ; and hence, all being perfectly
comprehended, and the individual com-
prehensions being infinite, the mind that
comprehends must also be infinite.
Kant said, "Give me matter and I will
build a world!" The implication is, not
that "I have the power of all the com-
bined forces of the universe, but I have
the knowledge of principles on which the
world is constructed." Perfect knowl-
edge, then, for which no substitutions
can be needed, would give perfect power,
or omnipotence; for all relations or ex-
tensions being clearly apprehended, the
touch of one would affect whatever other
one we might wish to move or displace.
But, as man's knowledge is imperfect, he
cannot be omnipotent. God is omnipo-
tent, because he is omniscient; and be-
cause is he omniscient, he is also omni-
present, being able by his omniscience to
affect any part of the universe.
Think of the one force called electric-
ity. Man has gotten possession of a few
facts about electricity and he makes this
power over which omniscience has full
control, because of perfect comprehen-
sion of all its extensions, to work won-
derful results ; but, because man does not
know the one great comprehension of
this force, nor its distinct forces or modes
of separation from the one great com-
THE DYNAMICS OF SPEECH.
201
prehension, in which all is stored, and to
which all returns, nor the limitations to
which all extensions may be made, — be-
cause his comprehension of all facts is
incomplete, therefore man's power is in-
complete in the use of that by which
omniscience can control all worlds.
Definitions of the Categories.
COMPREHENSION is to be
thought of both as an act and a fact, both
as initiatory or appetitive and as com-
plete or realized. Prehension is only
holding; comprehension is the act or
state of like things together, as in groups
or classes. This is the original and
the present definite conception, but oc-
casionally we find an expression which
partakes more of the prehension than of
the comprehension character of this no-
tion.
Chaos, we say, represents the original
state of the universe, and we call that
comprehension, simply because in the
attenuated condition of the nebular
mass the difference in constitution of
atoms is overlooked. Now, since the
distribution of the mass into systems and
suns and planets, although we have rea-
son to believe that each part contains
more or less of the same cosmic ma-
terial, still we, following nature's own
separations, extensions and limitations,
make more distinctions in the groupings
and classifications. Iron and wood
brought together in an implement of
husbandy or even in a furnace will not
constitute a comprehension in the proper
sense, but any two or more metals capa-
ble of forming a definite and an almost
indistinguishable mass can be termed a
comprehension.
Animal and animal may be classed to-
gether, but it is not because any two
animals can propagate a species which
shall combine the characteristics of both,
but because anima, "life," is the charac-
teristic of all creatures that have breath
and voluntary motion.
Plant and plant may be classed to-
gether, but, as in the case of animals, it
is not because any two plants growing
side by side can propagate a species
which shall combine the characteristics
of both, but because plant, "vegetable
life," is the charactertistic of all growth
from the earth.
Classification is always properly made
when the things brought together can
be named from a possible union and
communion of qualities or modes of
operation, or, as we would say under the
new categories, of separation, extension,
and limitation; for such things can form
comprehensions.
Hunger is initiatory or appetitive com-
prehension, being nature's desire and
need of elements properly belonging to-
gether.
SEPARATION is to be thought of
both as an act and a fact, partial or com-
plete, including all ideas of division,
evolution, manifestation, revelation, de-
rivation,— everything belonging to par-
tition of original mass or deduction from
the known to the related unknown, and
suggesting a great antecedent compre-
hension, out of which all have come.
Mortality, for instance, suggests, implies,
presupposes creation. Creation is com-
prehension, and so exhibits a putting to-
gether of like parts. That which is com-
posed of parts can be divided; hence all
visible or sensible combinations can be
separated, not only by the chasm which
would indicate lack of affinity in the con-
densed state, but also as atoms from the
same original comprehension. Mortal-
ity is the possibility of dissolution; im-
mortality is the impossibility of dissolu-
tion, and hence immortality .can belong
only to the spiritual state, — a state sub-
ject to no changes, no separations.
All phenomena of earth or air or sky
are partial separations from a mass, of
whose comprehension we have not def-
inite information, — at least not enough
of information to enable us to classify the
operations and thus call them revelations
or manifestations.
EXTENSION, which should be
thought of as an act and a fact, from
comprehension to limitation or vice
versa, represents in general the contin-
uous process of development or the
gradual reduction to original elements
called decay. It is growth of the animal
or plant, the development of any phy-
sical, mental, or moral power, the ex-
pansion of fluid or gaseous material, or
202
THE PACIFIC MONTHL Y.
the reduction that may take place in
bringing the atoms or parts of the com-
pleted whole back to their original com-
prehension.
Putting a two-foot point of iron on a
ten-foot wooden spear does not extend
the wood. It may extend the line on
which the spear was begun: it certainly
cannot be said to extend the wood. Ex-
tension is not the same as tension, any
more than comprehension is the same
as prehension or separation is the same
as partition. Extension implies the draw-
ing out either of one mass in length or
breadth or the development of a germ by
the addition or introduction of similar
material, — material that has an affinity
for the cell-structure already begun in
the germ itself.
Similar material, similar substance,
similar conceptions of the mind, — these
may be extended by the similar, but oth-
erwise never. The law will ever be sim-
ilia similibus.
Out of this proper conception of ex-
tension comes naturally that of parallel-
ism so apparent in expression.
LIMITATION, which should be
thought of as an act and a fact, approach-
(To be continued.)
Will You Be My Valentine?
i.
ing and enaed, represents that condition
of the physical and mental activities
which is denoted by temporary or per-
manent position, actual or assumed, as
well as by full development from a germ,
so far at least as the physical world is
concerned. If vegetable life could be
continued indefinitely, then in the torrid
zone under favorable conditions one vine
might cover a million acres, one tree
overshadow a continnent; but each plant
has its prearranged possibilities, and be-
yond these it cannot pass. So in the
animal world: none can exceed the lim-
its of pre-organized possibilities.
In the intellectual world, we find the
same rule holds: man's powers are lim-
ited. "Thus far" is not found decreed
for the waters alone, but also for the
workings of mind.
In the spiritual world alone there
seems to be no limitation.
Former categories do not explain or
even indicate a single act in the natural
world. Language and Nature are thus
divorced, and the man who has not made
language a study does not understand
the scientists who speak of the world
immediately around our homes.
Sweetest, dearest baby mine,
Will you be my valentine?
I will love you fond and true,
I will kiss and cuddle you.
Every night upon my breast
I will rock you into rest.
Sweetest, dearest baby mine,
Come and be my valentine!
II.
Into Dreamland we will go
Where the golden poppies blow.
When the daylight fades and fails,
In a boat with silken sails,
We will cross the Slumber Sea,
Where the winds are fair and free.
Sweetest, dearest baby mine
Will you be my valentine?
III.
All along the shores of sleep
Dreamland children laugh and leap.
Up and down and to and fro,
With feet as light and white as snow,
Bright locks tossing in the sun,
Robes by fairy fingers spun —
Hear them, see them, baby mine,
Precious Dreamland valentine.
Lischen M. Miller.
The McEnery resolution, which was
adopted in the senate, February 14, by
a vote of 26 to 22, must commend itself
to both those who favor "expansion" and
those who oppose it. The resolution is
a conservative, and, at the same time, a
just and equitable solution of a very per-
plexing problem. It is a statesmanlike
document. The text is as follows:
"That by the ratification of the treaty of
peace with Spain it is not intended to in-
corporate the inhabitants of the Philip-
pines into citizenship of the United
States, nor it is intended to permanently
annex said islands as an integral part of
the territory of the United States, but it
is the intention of the United States to
establish on said islands a government
suitable to the wants and conditions of
the inhabitants of the said islands, to pre-
pare them for local self-government, and
in due time to make such disposition of
said islands as will best promote the in-
terests of the citizens of the United States
and the inhabitants of said islands."
An organized effort is being made in
California to free the Stanford Univer-
sity estate from an obnoxious burden of
taxation which is so large as to seriously
cripple the work that the university is
intended to accomplish. One of the pur-
poses of Senator and Mrs. Leland Stan-
ford in donating so freely to the cause of
education was to establish a university
from which no one would be shut out
for purely financial reasons. With this
object in view tuition was made free, and
the University stood out as a public in-
stitution open to the young men and
women of the world — a unique monu-
ment to the generous philanthrophy of
its founders. As a result of this liberal
and far-sighted policy men and women
from nearly every part of the world went
to Californai to attend the University.
Then came the death of Senator Stanford
and the long-drawn-out government suit.
On the top of these misfortunes there
was the burdensome taxation which, at
this critical period, almost sapped the
vitality of the institution. The income
was insufficient to meet the demands
upon it, and it became imperative to ex-
act a registration fee of $20.00 per year
from each student. Through the self-
sacrificing devotion of Mrs. Stanford the
University has struggled through a sea-
sou of depression that would have dis-
couraged a less determined and gener-
ous woman. The condition is still such,
however, that unless the taxation is re-
moved the University will be compelled
to adopt a tuition fee such as is in prac-
tice at other universities. California is
noted for her generosity in matters of
education, and her people and legislators
are not likely to permit such a blow as
this to the cause of free higher education.
This is a question in which not only the
people of California are interested, but
one in which the sons and daughters of
other states and other lands are equally
concerned, and a decision against the
University will, in many respects, be a
calamity to the Coast.
Whenever a man becomes great either
by reason of statesmanship or learning
or accomplishments of any nature and
posterity accords to him his just dues,
there always rises the profound critic and
investigator who undertakes to under-
mine the belief of centuries and show us
that we have been worshipping false
idols. Homer, Shakespeare, Napoleon
— indeed almost every great man whose
name is on the pages of history has been
subjected to such investigation. In the
light of this modern criticism we are
forced to recast our ideas of many great
characters, but there is one whose glory
time cannot dim nor whom investigation
can dethrone from the lofty place which
204
THE "PACIFIC MONTHLY.
he holds in the hearts of his people.
Were it only for the moral effect of the
example that he left of ideal Ameri-
can manhood, Washington would
forever stand as an unparalleled exam-
ple and be worthy of the greatest rever-
ence. For whatever American manhood
and American ideals may accomplish
they will find their initiative, their inspir-
ation in the lofty example of Washing-
ton's life and purpose. Under condi-
tions which try men's souls to the utmost
Washington maintained an equilibrium
that few men are permitted to attain.
Napoleon was a great leader, a skillful
tactician, a remarkable organizer, but he
lacked the manhood, the strength of
character that distinguished Washing-
ton and placed him far above ' any
other leader of any other nation. It
is not, however, on account of his man-
hood alone that we look up to Washing-
ton and honor his memory, though it
was his example more than that of any
other one man which laid the foundation
of that character which we have in mind
when we speak, with swelling hearts of
patriotism, of an "American." His
statesmanship, his generalship, and his
foresight, which is being recognized to-
day as it never was before, have all been
accorded the highest terms of praise and
recognition by the world. Just one
hundred years have passed over the head
of the young republic since Washington
was gathered to his fathers. Other men
mav come and go; they may leave an
indelible impression upon their age on
account of their statesmanship, their ex-
ecutive ability, their learning; they "may
stand forth as great benefactors of the
race, or even of the world; but with the
American people Washington will for-
ever hold his place— "first in war, first in
peace, and first in the hearts of his coun-
trymen."
When the sleeping earth begins to
waken, long before the first robin's note
is heard or the flash of the first blue-
bird's wing gladdens the hearts of the
children, men's hopes are born anew,
men's dreams take color from the prom-
iced glory of the Gpririg. And that which
seemed difficult or doubtful when Nature
lay cold and passionless in the embrace
of winter, all at once becomes a joyous
possibility. The blood flows faster and
the pulse beats strong — though there is
yet but a promise; a blessed expectancy
that may prove a disappointment when
it comes to realization. But it is in an-
ticipation that men's best joys lie, and
better a promise unfulfilled than the
deadly monotony of satisfied hope.
The disgraceful scenes that are being
enacted in so many of our state legisla-
tures over the election of senators
should be sufficient argument to con-
vince even the most strenuous opponent
of election by popular vote that it has at
last become a necessity, if the dignity of
our institutions is to be preserved.
Charges of bribery have been flying from
one section of the country to the other,
and the work- which the representatives
of the people were elected to do is being
largely left undone. A demoralizing re-
sult to the sections in which such scenes
are taking place cannot but be the out-
come. 1 his must especially be the case,.
inasmuch as charges of bribery have in
several instances been proven, if indeed
not actually admitted by those offering
the bribes, and nothing has been done.
Those "elected" take their seats, and the
people stand calmly by and allow such
an outrage to be perpetrated. When our
elections degenerate into such a dis-
graceful farce as this it is time something
was done. There is nothing to do in
this instance but take the election out of
the hands of the legislators and put it in
the hands of the people, where it right-
fully belongs. Until then there is no
hope for a better condition of affairs, and
unless the people compel legislation on
this subject there never will be any. Cer-
tainly under present conditions the sen-
ate is not likely to champion the desired
cause.
One would hardly think that at this
late day it would be necessary to say any-
thing in defense of higher education.
Tbe importance of preparing the mind
OUR 'POINT OF VIEW.
205
as thoroughly as possible for the duties
of life is so patent to even an ordinary
thinker that it seems trite, if not quite
out of place, to attempt any defense of it
at this time. The day is rapidly ap-
proaching when the young man without
a college education will be so greatly
hampered in the struggle for existence
that he will be relegated to a position of
a menial character, if he succeeds in
holding any at all.
The theory of "the survival of the fit-
test" is truer when applied to this aspect
of progress than to any other. In spite
of what is said to the contrary, it is the
young man whose mind has been sys-
tematically trained who is best fitted to
bear responsibilities and rise to emergen-
cies, whether in business or professional
life. In the face of all this the proposi-
tion that has been made to diminish the
usefulness of the University of Oregon
is rather startling and, to speak frankly,
inexcusable on the part of members of
the legislature who are at least supposed
to be in touch with advanced thought.
The cry has gone forth that the Univer-
sity is burdened with incompetent teach-
ers. The legislature, therefore, propose
to remedy the situation by reducing sal-
aries ! Could there be any greater folly
than this? If a man has incompetent
clerks in his business does he reduce sal-
aries if he wishes to improve the state of
affairs? He raises the salaries so that he
may secure good men. Oregon never
can have a first-class university if such a
spirit continues. Already hundreds of
young men have been driven to other
states because of the shortsighted parsi-
mony of our legislature in matters of
education. In direct contrast to the
policy of Oiegon has been the practice of
California, and more recently of Wash-
ington. California has freely spent
thousands on her University, and today
there is nothing in California that the
people point to with more pride than to
Berkeley. The Stanford University es-
tate has recently been taken out of the
probate court, and the University will
soon come into endowment of many mil-
lions. Washington is reaching out in
educational lines, and bringing strong
men to its institutions. It has remained
for Oregon alone to propose an en-
trenchment in providing for its intellect-
ual needs.
"Now let us have done with a worn-out tale.
The tale of an ancient wrong, * * * *
Let us speak to each other face to face
And answer as man to man,
And loyally love and trust each other as only
free men can."
The feeling to which Alfred Austin
gave expression last spring has been
steadily growing through all the year.
Scarcely a day now passes that some
prominent personage either here or
across the seas does not publicly voice
the sentiment. An alliance between
America and England is no longer in the
realm of the merely possible. It has be-
come a probability whose strength in-
creases with every edition of an interna-
tional press, and with every message
flashed from shore to shore, from sea to
sea. One language, one watchword —
Freedom ! — one people indissolubl y
bound together in a friendship that
"Shall last long as love doth last and be
stronger than death is strong."
J*
Kipling's command to ''Take up the
white man's burden was not to England
alone, but to the race that has drawn its
strength from the soil of every civilized
land; the great white brotherhood, the
amalgamated millions who speak the
English tongue.
A RECORD OF THE WORLD'S PROGRESS.
In Politics —
In America the one subject of engross-
ing interest to statesmen is "expansion."
In England it is the Eastern question.
In France the fear of impending social
revolution leaves no room for anything
else, and the czar of all the Russias,
though bent upon convening his "peace
congress," still finds time to increase the
imperial military forces. As for "ex-
pansion," those who favor it find no lack
of authority for so doing. All the dead
statesmen of eminence whose influence
is supposed to live after them have been
dragged from their graves to testify in
behalf of the expansionists. Abraham
Lincoln is quoted as having said in a de-
bate between himself and Douglas in
1858, "I am not opposed to honest ac-
quisition of territory, and in any given
case I would or would not oppose such
acquisition according as I might think
such acquisition would not aggravate the
slavery question among ourselves."
In response to a dispatch from London
requesting an expression regarding
Great Britain's imperial policy, Admiral
Dewey is reported to have said: "After
many years of wandering, I have 'come
to the conclusion that the mightiest fac-
tor in the civilization of the world is the
imperial policy of England." Con-
gress and the various legislatures now in
session throughout the country are dis-
tinguished for the good they are leaving
undone.
In Science —
In the test of the hill-climbing ability
of motor cars, recently made in France,
a slope of 11 per cent and a distance of
1800 kilogrammes was covered in three
minutes and fifty-two seconds by the
winner, who used an electric carriage.
This, it would seem, effectually demon-
strates the future utility of such cars
In connection with the trial trip of the
new first-class French battleship "Jaw-
reguiberry," which has a displacement of
19,824 tons and a speed of 18.07 knots, it
is interesting to note that, according to
the Scientific American, "Among the
modern and accepted practices which are
due to the French initiative may be men-
tioned the mounting of heavy guns 'en
barbette,' the use of electricity for hoist-
ing ammunition and guns, and the use
of water-tube boilers and triple screws;
while to these may be fairly added
smokeless powder, with its accompani-
ment of guns of extreme length and high
velocity and the use of high explosives."
In Art—
The reported discovery of a picture of
the Madonna by Cima is to be taken with
a grain of allowance. If true, it means
a valuable addition to the world of art,
for Cima was a Venitian colorist who
ranked with Titian and Bellini, and there
are only a few of his paintings known to
be in existence The Russian Ambas-
sador at Madrid has purchased the re-
cently discovered bust of Christ, which
is pronounced by those qualified to speak
with authority upon the subject to be the
work either of Michael Angelo or Don-
atello. One remarkable feature of this
bust is that the eyes are of blue rock
crystal. Queen Victoria, to whom a
photograph of the newly discovered art
treasure has been sent, desires to have a
copy of it made in marble Carlos
Durand, one of the greatest artists in the
world today, according to an enthusiastic
admirer, arrives in New York during the
month. His coming is hailed with joy
by American artists. His mere presence
is expected to act as a stimulus upon Art
(with a capital A) in this country In
Portland the Sketch Club, under the
THE MONTH.
207
management of its able young president,
is accomplishing a great deal in a quiet
way. An exhibition of the year's work
of this, the most important art organiza-
tion in the state, is hoped for in the
spring It was three hundred years
ago in Florence that the first grand
opera was produced.
In Literature —
Frederic Remington's "Sundown Le-
flare" seems to be the literary sensation
of the hour. It is distinctly American,
and Mr. Remington is to be congratulated
upon having made a discovery that en-
riches the literature of his country
According to Mr. Edward Garnett, an
English writer of note, Stephen Crane is
a "genius," but a "genius" with limita-
tions. "A surface painter," Mr. Garnett
calls him, who possesses the power of re-
vealing the depths by a single stroke.
Mr. Garnett thinks that in technique tie
is Kipling's superior, and that America
may well be proud of the young master
of the pen, whose "genius for slang,"
whose exquisite and unique faculty of
exposing an individual scene by an odd
simile places him in the rank of great-
ness— —Kipling's place in literature is
universally recognized. He speaks and
the whole world listens. He sings a
song and the reading public of two hem-
ispheres hears and heeds. "The White
Man's Burden" strikes a higher note
than did the "Truce of the Bear."
"Take up the White Man's burden-
In patience to abide,
To veil the threat of terror
And check the show of pride;
By open speech and simple,
An hundred times made plain,
To seek another's profit
And work another's gain."
-There is much interest evinced in
the new periodical which Lady Randolph
Churchell proposes to establish in Lon-
don, and which is to be called "The
Roval Magazine." Among the contrib-
utors to this high-class publication will
be the Emperor of Germany, the Prince
and Princess of Wales, the President of
France, the Duchess of Marlborough
and others of noble blood. It is to be
the most costly periodical ever published,
and will be issued by John Lane, of the
Bodley Head. Nothing will be spared
in the way of artistic embellishment.
The royal contributors will illustrate
their own articles, and the pages will
bear embossed escutcheons of the writ-
ers. It is to be printed upon vellum,
bound in purple and gold and tied with
white silk ribbons, and will utterly eclipse
anything in the magazine world ever yet
produced It has been predicted that
the day of the short story is passing, but
as yet there is no evidence of its decay.
Some of the best work of the month is
embodied in the still popular short story.
Jack London's "White Silence," in a late
number of the Overland, is a tragedy of
the far north, and contains enough ma-
terial for a three volume novel, yet is so
perfectly handled that there is no evi-
dence of crowding. The scene of the
great novel of the future will be laid
somewhere within or near the Arctic cir-
cle, and it will be a story of human
endeavor and human endurance such
as the world has never yet had
a record of. Another sketch pub-
lished in the Gray Goose, remark-
able for the tragic suggestions it
contains, is "In the Twilight," the recent
production of a Portland writer, Bessie
May Guinean. It is an artistic study in
effect, and the climax is so unexpected
that it makes the reader gasp. Miss
Guinean's work bears promise of future
possibilities Edwin Markham's poem,
which embodies the one great question
of the age, is a work in keeping with
Millet's masterpiece, "The Man With the
Hoe," whose title it bears. The poet has
caught the artist's — conscious or uncon-
scious— meaning and voiced it in words
whose strength and truth beat down the
delusions of society.
"For this man with the Hoe,"
"A thing that grieves not and that never
hopes," —
What is he but the products of man's selfish
greed —
In Education —
That the standard and efficiency of the
American public school system has
greatly improved during the last 2q years
208
THE 'PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
is shown by R. H. Thurston, of Cornell,
in the Scientific American. He says:
"On comparing the work of our high
schools of today with that of the colleges
of fifty years ago or more, it will, I think,
be discovered that the best of them are
actually graduating their pupils with
practically as extensive acquirements as
did the colleges at that earlier time."
Leading Events —
January 1. — English papers reviewing
progress of the past year express amazement
at the expansion of America. "The domi-
nant fact of 1898 has been the rise in position
of the English-speaking people." Henry
Watterson suggests Dewey and Lee for dem-
ocratic nominees at the next presidential
election. Orders are made for placing the
navy upon a peace basis. Spain in Ha-
vana formally cedes Cuba to the United
States
January 2.— Six regiments of infantry are
ordered to the Philippines. Governor
Roosevelt, of New York, is inaugerated.
January 3. — The national committee of the
democratic party decides that the issue of
free-silver at 16 to 1 must be upheld in the
campaign of 1900. Lord Beresford repeats
his advocacy of an alliance between Eng-
land and the United States. Gomez ad-
vises Cuban soldiers not to disband.
January 4.— Congress reassembles after the
mid-winter holidays. A train between
Omaha and Chicago travels 502 miles in 10
hours.
January 5.— In Idaho and Indiana legisla-
tures meet.
January 6.— Baron Curzon assumes tne
viceroyalty of India at Calcutta. In Kar-
toum the corner stone of the Gordon Memo-
rial college is laid by Lord Cromer.
January 7.— Aguinaldo in Manila, issues a
proclamation protesting against the Ameri-
can occupation of the Philippines.
January 9.— Oregon legislature meets.
January 10.— Charles Magne Tower, ol
Pennsylvania, is named by President Mc-
Kinley as ambassador to Russia; Frank
Addison C. Harris as minister to Austria-
Hungary.
January 11.— Joseph H. Choate, of New
York, is named as ambassador to Great Brit-
ain. ,
January 12. — Commissary-General Eagan,
in testifying before the war investigating
commission, makes a bitter personal attack
on General Miles.
January 13.— The German government of-
ficially denies that it is helping the Filipinos.
janUary 14. — The largest steamship ever
built is launched at Belfast and christened
the Oceanic.
January 15.— Upon the dissolution of the
Central Labor Union and the Central Labor
Federation of New York, the General Feder-
ated Union is organized with a membership
of 100,000 men.
January 16. — The war department investi-
gating commission having declined to re-
ceive Commissary-General Eagan's testi-
mony as at first presented, he strikes from
his statement the abusive language and re-
turns it. The Dreyfus-Picquart discussion
is postponed for a month by the French
chamber of deputies.
January 17. — President McKinley orders
the court-martial for Commissary-General
Eagan. In the Irish elections the labor
party is unusually successful.
January 18. — Commissary-General Eagan
is relieved from duty.
January 19.— The United States transport
sails from New York for Manila with the
Fourth infantry and a battalion of the Sev-
enteenth infantry. The United States
cruiser Philadelphia is ordered to Samoa to
protect American interests there.
January 20. — In New York Croker declares
that free silver is a dead issue. At a cab-
inet meeting in Washington, D. C, island af-
fairs are freely discussed. The amended
Morgan Nicaragua canal bill passes the Uni-
ted States senate.
January 21. — In London a decree is signed
appointing General Kitchener governor-gen-
eral of the Soudan.
January 22. — In New York a mass meeting
of citizens is held in the Academy of Music
tonight under the auspices of the Conti-
nental League for the purpose of protesting
against the policy of "imperialism."
January 23. — General Lee, chief quarter-
master of the department of the Lakes, in-
vites proposals for the erection oi an ice
plant at Manila
January 24. — In the United States senate
the Philippines and the peace treaty are dis-
cussed.
January 25. — The senate adopts a resolu-
tion protesting against allowing Roberts of
Utah to hold his seat in congress.
January 26. — In Madrid the cabinet meets
under the presidency of the regent. Premier
Sagasta outlines the government's inten-
tions relative to the peace treaty.
January 27. — The United States senate
passes the pension bill. The house debates
the army bill. In Berlin the emperor's
birthday is celebrated.
January 28. — At the annual dinner of the
Silversmith's Association in Birmingham,
Right Honorable Joseph Chamberlain pre-
dicts a "joint imperial destiny for England
and America."
January 28.— Right Honorable Walter
Hume Long, president of the board of agri-
culture, in a speech at Newcastle favors Eng-
lish American alliance.
January 30. — Fearful storms are sweeping
the North and Middle West. At Vancou-
ver, B. C, the Philippine commissioners are
enthusiastically greeted.
FOR FEBRUARY.
The Century —
Harnessing the Nile
i> rederic Courtland Penfleld
A Fairy Grave John Vance Cheney
What Charles Dickens did for Child-
hood James L. Hughes
Franklin's Religion. .Paul Licester Ford
A War Song of Tyrol.. S. Weir Mitchell
Via Crucis F. Marion Crawford
Sunsets Ida Ahlborn Weeks
On the Way to the North Pole
Walter Wellman
The Reformation of Uncle Billy....
Ellis Parker Butler
The Curing of Kate Negley
Lucy S. Furman
Escape John White Chadwick
Henry George in California. Noah Brooks
Alexander's Conquest of Asia Minor,
Benjamin Ide Wheeler
The Painter de Mourel
Marie L. Van Vorst
A Farewell Harriet Monoe
Cole's Old English Masters
John C. VanDyke
The Sinking of the '"Merrimac,"
Part III Richard Pearson Hobson,
N. C. U. S. N.
How It Is Done in Other Countries.
George McAneny
Capture of Santiago de Cuba
William R. Shatter, Major-Gen. M.S.D.
The Orator. .George Edward Woodberry
With due respect to General Shafter
and other military men of note, I am in-
clined to think that it is not only better
taste but better policy to leave the telling
of the story of great battles, heroic endur-
ance and splendid achievement to the
press correspondents. Richard Harding
Davis, Stephen Bonsai, Stephen Crane
and the rest have given us such vivid pic-
tures of the thrilling events of the recent
campaigns in Cuba and Porto Rico that
General Shafter's matter-of-fact recital in
the February Century seems common-
place, and Lieutenant Hobson's "tell it
all" series reads unsatisfactory. There is
more in knowing what not to say than at
first appears. It is the thing that is left
unsaid that constitutes the charm of a
story. The gallant hero of the "Merri-
mac" evidently has not discovered this
secret. He would never have painted
that interior scene during the bombard-
ment of Morro Castle if he had. "The
Reformation of Uncle Billy" is a short
story brimming with homely pathos, and
"The Curing of Kate Negley" is a com-
edy that may, or may not, disguise a
moral. Frederic Courtland Penfield
gives an entertaining description of the
prospective damming of the Nile at As-
suam by the British government, and
Professor Wheeler continues "Alexan-
der's Conquest." The illustrations which
accompany these papers are beautiful,
and lend an additional charm to an al-
ready fascinating subject. The Century
is the magazine par excellence when it
comes to illustrations.
Harper's —
Lieutenant-Colonel Forrest at Fort
Donelson John D. Wyeth, M. D.
Ghosts in Jerusalem A. C. Wheeler
A Trekking Trip in South Africa. .
A. C. Humbert
Anglo-Saxon Affinities Julian Ralph
Maya, aPoem Emile Andrew Huber
Their Silver Wedding Journey
William Dean Howells
Love Margaret E. Sangster
The Astronomical Outlook.. C. A. Young
Baldy Sarah Barnwell Elliott
The Span o' Life
Wm. McLennan and J. W. Mcllvaith
The Clew Robert Monry Bell
The Sick Child
Henook-Makhewe-Kelenaka (Angel de
Cora)
His Talisman. .Martha Gilbert Dickinson
The Spanish-American War
Hon. Henry Cabot Lodge
His Nomination. Margaret Sutton Briscoe
Facing the North Star C. C. Abbot
Remorse Artnur J. Stringer
With Dewey at Manila
Joseph L. Stickney
Love's Insistence. Nina Francis Layard
The United States as a World Power
Albert Bushnell Hart
"Ghosts in Jerusalem" just misses be-
ing a strong piece of work. The Orien-
tal vein which predominates in the story
210
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
is fascinating, and the descriptions are
treated in a masterly manner, and the
characters of "Bish," the Arab servant,
and "Bel Amish," the "Rabbi," are
studies unmarred by a single false stroke,
but the cold-blooded Americanisms in-
troduced so promiscuously throughout
rasp the reader's nerves. The calculating
New EnglancTer does not form a har-
monious part of the Oriental whole — and
the effect of his presence m that dreamy,
occult atmosphere is disastrous. How-
ells in "Their Silver Wedding Journey"
is more rapid than ever. His people are not
interesting in books, and in real life they
are simply unbearable. Oh yes, they are
real. You meet them every day. That
is the one thing I have against Howells
— his characters are true to life. They
are so insipid, so shallow, so intense.
They agonize over trifles and spend
whole forenoons in worrying discussions
about shades of things, and always man-
age to miss the meaning and the tragedy
of life. Joseph L. Stickney tells, in a
most entertaining manner of his experi-
ence "With Dewey at Manila." There
is a picture in Harper's this month that
attracts me. It is the face of a little
Indian girl silhoutted against the dusk
of the desert, and it illustrates the story
of "The Sick Child," told by Henook-
Makhewe-Kelenaka.
McClure's —
The White Man's Burden
Rudyard Kipling
Under Water in the Holland
Franklin Mathews
Hitting the Trail Hamlin Garland
Adventures of a Train Dispatcher. .
..Capt. Jasper Ewing Brauley, U. S. A.
Stalky & Co., (Ill) The Impressionists
Rudyard Kipling
Lincoln Gathering an Army
Ida M. Tarball
Marines Signaling Under Fire at
Guantanamo Stephen Crane
Life Masks of Great Americans
Charles Henry Hart
Between Two Shores Lllen -Glasgow
The war on the Sea and Its Lessons
Captain Alfred T. Mahan
In the Third House Walter Barr
Dewey at Manila Edward W. Hardin
Admiral Dewey will ever remain en-
shrined in the hearts of his countrymen
as the hero who won a great battle and
forebore to write about it for the maga-
zines. The public is equally divided be-
tween appreciation of his courage and
admiration for the common sense that
prompted him to decline the work of re-
cording the glory of his achievement in
cold print. Edward W. Hardin's ac-
count in McClure's for this month of
"Dewey at Manila" leaves little to be de-
sired. ' It is comprehensive and com-
plete, an epitome or history which proves
the exception to McCaulay's statement.
Stephen Crane writes in his usual graphic
manner of "Signaling Under Fire at
Guantanamo," where he lay in a trench
with the four signalmen upon a hill-top
through the long weary nights and wait-
ed for the dawn. Speaking of these day-
break experiences he says: "I, at least,
always grew furious with this wretched
sunrise. I thought I could have walked
around the world in the time required
for the old thing to get up above the
horizon," which is forcible if not alto-
gether elegant. This article of Stephen
Crane's is, in its way, the best piece of
work he has produced, and shows a
strength and vigor unmarred by certain
faults that distinguished the earlier ef-
forts of the author of "The Red Badge
of Courage." "Between Two Shores"
is a tragic episode of unusual interest,
and illustrates the futility of time's limi-
tations. Hamlin Garland takes his
readers with him out into the illimitable
solitude of the desert. "Hitting the
Trail" under his guidance is a pleasure
not to be missed by any lover of Nature
without regret. "The Indian laid his
trail in conjunction with the stars and
mountain peaks." And the trail, unlike
a road, according to this poet of prose,
"loses itself in Nature. It is a purple-
brown ribbon in the grass, a silken strand
on the hillside. The trail is poetry; a
wagon road is prose; the railroad is
arithmetic." But you must read to
understand the charm of this gossamer
thread," this looping, curving mystic
path through the wilderness. "The
White Man's Burden," the message, the
command comes to us, as to England.
THE MAGAZINES.
211
Scribner's —
The Rough Riders. . .Theodore Roosevelt
Four National Conventions
, . . . George F. Hoar
The Chronicles of Aunt Minervy Ann
Joel Chandler Harris
The Letters of.. Robert Louis Stevenson
Sydney Colvin
The Lepers William Charles Scully
Asceticism Elizabeth M. W. Fay
The Entomologist George W. Cable
Riordan's Last Campaign.Anne O'Hagan
Song Arthur Sherbune Hardy
William Makepeace Thackeray
W. C. Brownell
The Washington Monument
Julia Larned
Theodore Roosevelt and his "Rough
Riders" are always interesting regarded
from any point of view. They are heroes
of romance as well as war. "The Lep-
ers" is a strong story, a tragedy, dark,
yet with a gleam of heavenly light illum-
inating its closing scene, like a ray of
sunset glory breaking through the black-
ness of a day of storm. W. C. Brownell
writes delightfully of Thackery, and
George F. Hoar gives an account of
"Four National Conventions," that
every boy should read — since it is a chap-
ter, or, rather, four chapters of our coun-
try's history. The letters of Robert
Louis Stevenson deepen in interest as
they proceed. There is, however, always
that suggestion of physical suffering
coming up to darken the record of his
brightest days. Even as a boy he
dreamed of a home in the summer islands
of the Southern seas. The cold winds
and dreary rains of the north chilled and
oppressed him, and he hated above all
things else, a storm at night. "Rior-
dan's Last Campaign" is one of those
stories that seem to be growing in pop-
ularity of late, setting forth the general
depravity of politicians and the corrupt-
ing influence of politics upon the average
man. Riordan was one of the rare few
who have the moral courage (or was it
cowardice) to break away from it all and
bury ambition.
The Cosmopolitan —
The Emperor William in the Holy
Land Samuel Ives Curtiss
After the Capture of Manila
Frank R. Roberson
Her Guardian Angel Loyd Osbourne
The New Organ Eliza Calvert Hall
Mr. Cornelius Johnson, Offlce-Seeker
Paul Lawrence Dunbar
Among the Dyaks
J. Theodore Van Gestel
The Trek-Bokki of Cape Colony
S. C. Cronwright Schreiner
City Subways for Pipes and Wires..
Henry F. Bryant
The Professor. James Gardner Sanderson
The Haven of Dead Ships
Sylvester Baxter
How an Empire was Built
John Brisban Walker
The name of Mohammed is suggestive
of the romance and mystery of the desert.
Washington Irving and Carlyle have
glorified the prophet, and now John
Brisben Walker is repainting the
always fascinating portrait anew in
the pages of Cosmopolitan. Mr.
Walker's story of "How an Em-
pire Was Built," only begins in
this number, but it enthralls the interest
of the reader at once. Paul Lawrence
Dunbar is loyal to his people always,
whether he sings in resonant verse or
writes in graphic prose. The story of
the disappointment of an office-seeker of
color is vivid and human. "The Haven
of Dead Ships" is a thrilling tale of the
Sargossa Sea that leaves the reader won-
dering how much of it is fact and how
much fiction. Among the faces repro-
duced in that part of the Cosmopolitan
devoted to the stage is that of Gladys
Wallis, the. charming actress, who won
the hearts of enthusiastic Portland aud-
iences once upon a time, and whose sub-
sequent difficulties with an unfeeling
manager enlisted public sympathy.
The noon of night — a night in June—
A sense of roses drenched in dew —
The mellow moonlight streaming through
The vine-hung windows, and we two —
Our warm hearts beating close in tune,
Did pray it might be always June.
Lischen M. Miller,
Harpers have brought out Margaret
Deland's "Old Chester Tales" in a
charmingly bound volume. The "Tales"
are eight in number, and are illustrated
by Howard Pyle. Everyone who had
the pleasure of reading these sweet and
simple chronicles of quiet life in a coun-
try town as they appeared from time to
time in Harper's Magazine, will want to
own this attractive-looking volume.
John Kendrick Bangs is always en-
tertaining after a fashion. We are all
fond of delightful absurdities like the
"House-Boat," and therefore we are
ready to be pleased with "Peeps at Peo-
ple" of note through Mr. John Kendrick
Bangs' glasses, the lenses of which are
so constructed that they show all things
comically distorted yet pleasantly real.
"Peeps at People" is also from the house
of Harper. Still another book, a collec-
tion of short stories under the title of
"Moriah's Mourning and Other Half-
Hour Sketches," by Ruth McEnery
Stuart, gotten out by this house, is de-
lightful reading. It is full of the fun
and touched with the pathos of the life
on the plantation.
"Paul the Man, the Missionary and
the Teacher" is by Orello Cone, D.D.,
and is published by the MacMillan Com-
pany. Dr. Cone draws his conclusions
not from what has been written by other
people, but from what Paul himself
wrote, and he has produced a work that
is of incalculable value and interest to
the student of Scriptural lore and not
without attraction for the general reader.
Copeland & Day publish Morris Ros-
enfeld's "Songs of the Ghetto," edited
and translated by Professor Leo Weiner,
of Harvard. These are songs of the peo-
ple who toil in the darkness that would
be despair but for the sweetness of a
taith that povc.iy did degradation are
alike powerless to dispel.
j*
One of the remarkable books of the
year 1898 was written by Henry Morris
under the title of "Waiting for the Sig-
nal." There are many things to criti-
cise in the work, but there is much that
commands the respect and admiration
of the unprejudiced reader. The writer
makes the mistake of mixing, or rather
of trying to mix up a love story with an
exposition on progressive politics, and
the result is unfortunate. Still, cutting
out the romance and sentiment together
with those chapters that attempt to por-
tray the evil that exists in the name of
polite society, there remains a book that
no man, interested in the social and po-
litical problems of the day can read with
indifference. In the chapters describing
the dawn of the revolution and the de-
struction of New York, there occur
passages that closely approach the point
of grandeur.
vVilliam M. Stewart, of Nevada, is
chairman of the convention which meets
in Chicago for the purpose of reconstruct-
ing the government, and Harvey, of
"Coin's Financial School" fame is secre-
tary. The constitution itself is not so
bad perhaps, considering that Ignatius
Donnelly is chairman of the committee
of ninety appointed to draft it. This same
committee is honored by the name of a
former governor of Oregon and one time
mayor of Portland, Sylvester Pennoyer.
The other Oregon member is Mr. M. A.
Miller. Mr. Charles A. Towne, of Minne-
sota, W. J. Bryan of Nebraska, Altgeld
of Illinois, Weaver of Iowa, Peffer of
Kansas, Tillman of South Carolina, and
last but not least, James Hamilton Lewis
of Washington, all have a place upon
this committee.
Human nature is swayed by mixed
motives. Even an act that appears dis-
interested may be prompted by selfish-
ness. An amusing- illustration of this
/act is given in the following anecdote:
An aged negro sat on one of the old
wharves at Salem, fishing. A colored
boy was sitting beside him, eagerly
watching the bob as it danced up and
down. Suddenly the bob went under.
The boy in his excitement leaned so far
over the edge of the whan that he lost
his balance and fell into the water.
Instantly the old man dropped his
fishing pole and jumped into the water
for the boy, and after a good deal of
splashing and sputtering, with the help
of several men on the wharf, both were
hauled out, gasping for breath.
One of the men, who had helped them
expressed his admiration for the negro's
courage.
"That was a brave deed of yours, my
man," said he.
"What dat?" asked the disciple of
Walton, as he went to pick up his rod.
"Why, your jumping in to save that
boy."
"Dat boy! I doan keer nuffin for
him! But he got all de bait in his
pocket!" — Youths' Companion.
"Hinnery Clay," said Mr. Dolan, "wor
a great mon." "He wor that same," re-
plied Mrs. Dolan. "He wor that great a
mon," her husband went on, "that he
had a cigar named after 'im." "Thrue
for yez. Only 'twor no cigar. Twor a
poipe."
Washington Post
J*
By no means the least important of
our new possessions is the Sulu Archi-
pelago, a group lying south of the Philip-
pines, and comprising about 150 islands.
Like the Philippines, many of the islands
are barren and uninhabited, but the
larger are fertile and under the careful
tillage of a most industrious people, who
have the honor of being the first Moham-
medan subjects of the United States.
The ruler of Sulu is a devoted Mussul-
The Sultan t>( Sulu.— Alter a Photograph in Harper's Weekly.
Copyright. 1399, by Harper * Brothers.
THK SULTAN OF SULU.
man, and acknowledges the supreme au-
thority of the Turkish Sultan, and the
customs of our Mohammedan fellow-cit-
izens differ but little from those of the
same faith in other parts of the world.
It is more than probable that the sultan
will be a source of endless trouble to our
country. The Spaniards, from all ac-
counts, certainly found him unruly, and
derived but little profit from their suze-
raintv of the islands.
"What are the things that touch us
most as we look back through the
years?" asked a lady lecturer, 'impres-
214
THE ^PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
sively. There was a moments' awful
pause, and then a small boy in the audi-
ence answered: "Our clothes." — Tid-
Bits.
Tid-BUs.
When a Girl Really Loves.
When a girl is not as sure of her affec-
tion as she is of the shining of the sun in
the heavens, it is well for her to pause, to
give herself all the benefit of the doubt.
She should wait until she is able to say
with truth when she gives her word, "I
would rather be your wife than do or be
anything else in the world." If there is
in the farthest corner of her heart one lit-
tle doubt that the full revelation of love
has come to her the chances are that it
has not. This is not to say that doubts
never arise in love. The happiest en-
gagement in all the world is often not
without a haunting fear attendant upon
it. Indeed, it often happens that two
singuarly honest and earnest young peo-
ple have periods of exquisite self-torture
during the engagement time, and the
more mature and experienced they both
are the more likely this is to happen, for
then each sees more clearly than in early
youth the perils that may come. Each
realizes that though love is the greatest
solvent of difficulties it is not the only
one — that there are sure to be the gravest
strains upon human nature in the delicate
adjustments of married life. One may
be able to trust one's self in the great
crises of life, but it is the pettiness of
every-day living that lays bare one's be-
setting sins. A sensitive girl dreads, as
cares increase, that the romance may de-
part, that her husband may sometimes
come to find the smaller and less bril-
liant world in which the home-keeping
wife dwells commonplace and sordid.
The true-hearted lover fears that in some
sudden blindness he may blunder into
wounding the tender sensibilities that
seem so exquisitely dear to him now.
Often each dreams that he or she, or
both together, may prove inadequate in
the plain, practical, every-day affairs of
life.
Intimate acquaintance, congeniality of
tastes and purposes, respect, admiration,
material and social advancement — all
these may appeal at some time to the
young woman or the young man as fur-
nishing the possible material for a pros-
perous venture into matrimony. But to
those of us who are on this side of mar-
ried life, with years of experience to give
us insight, there never was a greater fal-
lacy. I would say to all young women
(and I would I had the tongues of angels
to say it as I should), "Love your lover
or do not marry him." Respect and ad-
miration may do for friendship; mar-
riage absolutely demands love. You re-
member that when the apostle Peter
sums up the qualities that go to make the
perfect Christian character he does not
begin by urging the necessity of faith.
He assumes its existence at the start. He
says, "Add to your faith, virtue; and to
virtue, knowledge." It is as if he would
have us know that faith is not to be re-
garded simply as an adornment to the
Christian character. It is a prerequisite.
It is the atmosphere in which the Chris-
tian life has its breath and being. So it
is with love when the time comes to set-
tle the gravest question of life.
I think one reason why the married
life so often has too little romance in it
is because the engaged life has had noth-.
ing else. I know of no preservative of
romance in married life so sure as good
housekeeping, and I know of no profes-
sion so serious, so absorbing, so demand-
ing preparation and skill as the profes-
sion of the housewife. When a young
woman marries she as really enters upon
the practice of a life profession as does a
young man when he is admitted to the
bar or puts out a little sign with M. D.
upon it after three or four years spent in
preparation. The man, you see, is will-
ing to equip himself fully for his part of
the partnership. Does it seem business-
like and in good faith for a woman to
take the place of the second partner with
a most indifferent training or even none
at all? I would have the young girl who
has committed herself to an engagement
undertake at once a course in practical
housekeeping. — Helen Watterson Moody
in February Ladies' Home Journal.
Jt
"1 had a strange dream last night."
He leaned back in his chair and drew his
T>RIFT.
215
hand lightly across his eyes, as if he
doubted that he was even yet awake.
"Yes?" said Lycia, half turning from
her desk so that she faced him across the
narrow strip of carpet. "Yes? what was
it?"
"By far the most remarkable — the
most wonderful dream that has ever dis-
turbed my slumbers."
"Was — was it unpleasant?" timidly,
half-hesitatingdy questioned Lycia.
"Unpleasant! Well I should say not.
On the contrary, it was the sweetest, the
happiest experience that ever came into
my life, sleeping or waking.
"Tell me about it," she murmured
softly, turning away her eyes and mak-
ing unintelligible marks upon the blot-
ting pad with her pencil.
"I don't know whether I can or not,"
he replied. "It would be difficult to find
words capable of describing the beauty,
the joy, the ecstacy of that dream. And
yet," he added, "it was so real that even
now I am shaken with the memory of it.
No I cannot express it in words."
"You might try," she suggested, still
engaged in decorating the blotter, and
seemingly absorbed in the occupation.
"All night long I seemed to be, no, I
will say I was rocked in soft clouds of
rose and gold, upon celestial heights, all
night long I lay steeped in melody, light
and fragrance. Every pulse was set to
music, every heartstring thrilled with joy
at the lightest touch — " He paused,
and Lycia glanced up.
"Were you alone?" She just breathed
the question, but he caueht it clearly.
"No," he said, "no, oh »io, I was not
alone. He glanced at her then looked
away, and the color crept to his forehead.
"Who was with you?" her eyes still
bent upon the blotter.
"I cannot tell you that, I dare not, you
would never forgive me."
"Tell me," she insisted, her own face
flushing and palling.
"No," he said, "I must not."
"You must," she whispered. "I — it
may be that I already know."
"No, you do not."
"Then I insist upon knowing."
"Will you forgive me then?"
"Yes, yes, anything — "
"It was you." i
"I know — I know — I, too, dreamed
last night, and my dream was the coun-
terpart of yours!"
They regarded each other with pale
cheeks and questioning eyes.
"What can it mean?" she said under
her breath.
"I do not know," he replied, "but I
do know what heaven means, and I
know "
"No, no, you must nOt say it," she
cried. He sprang up and came a step
toward her. She rose, too, and the look
in her eyes held him where he stood.
"I swear to you — " he began, but she
stopped him with a gesture. He would
have taken her outflung hand, but she
drew it back. "Only in dreams," she
said with quivering lips, "only in
dreams," and with bowed head, he
obeyed her unspoken command and
passed from the room and from her wak-
ing life forever. But a man may barter
his hope of heaven for a sweet dream's
sake!
Oraarv.
J*
"Liz," said Miss Kiljordan's young-
est brother, "do you says 'woods is,' or
'woods are?' "
"Woods are, of course," she answered.
"Why?"
" 'Cause Mr. Woods are down in the
parlor waitin' to see you." — Ex.
j*
The Horse to Become Extinct.
Within the next dozen years, I feel
confident, there will not be a horse in
any of the large cities of this country.
This statement may seem radical, but it
is based on a growing fact and is not
merely the declaration of an enthusiast.
It is only ten years since the first electric
cars were run in America.
The passing of the horse, begun by
the electric cars, will be completed by
the motor vehicles. They will be im-
proved as we go on, and even if we ad-
vance no further than we have at present
one result w'll be a general improvement
in the pavements, which will be made
firm and hard and can be kept as clean
as the sidewalks.
It will cost iust one-half the present
216
THE 'PACIFIC SMOOTHLY.
rate to keep these pavements clean and
in repair, and the sanitary value of them
is not the least to be considered.
Horses's hoofs tear up streets more
than the wheels of wagons. The horse
brings more filth, dirt and disease to
cities than almost any other agency, and
with the horse eliminated we shall have
clean, even streets, which are a comfort
and substantial, benefit to any place that
possesses them.
The horse will be relegated to the
country, to those who love him well, to
the plough and windrow, to the green
meadows, far from the electric fever of
great cities, where people are eager to
benefit by the marvels of end-of-the-
century science.
It will be some time yet before motor
vehicles become cheaper. They are ex-
pensive to make, and the only factor that
can act to cheapen them is the demand.
People must buy them to diminish the
price.
The history of the bicycle will be re-
peated on a gigantic scale in the develop-
ment and use of the motor vehicle. I
made my first bicycle in 1877. Only 92
wheels were sold that year. We are turn-
ing out 750 a day now, and, should the
exigency arise, could increase the num-
ber to 1,000.
I have said the horse, who has served
us well and against whom 1 have not the
slightest personal feeling, will be relegat-
ed to the country. But even in his green
retreat will he be followed by his
Nemesis, with a heart of petroleum or
electricity.
As the utility of the motor vehicles be-
comes more widespread they will tra-
verse country roads in sufficient num-
bers to necssitate the placing of charg-
ing stations in the principal country ho-
tels. So it will come to pass that while
you are sitting at your meal, instead of
having horses watered and fed, your ve-
hicle will be getting stored with the en-
ergy to take you along the next stretch
of your journey.
In Europe the motor vehicle is becom-
ing popular — it is very much so in Paris,
where the condition of the streets is such
as the motor will eventually bring about
here. We recently received an order for
100 vehicles for Berlin, which we will not
fill.
If the horse is finally forced from the
country-side — and that is not likely to
happen for many years- — I am not
enough of a prophet to foresee just what
will become of him. If indeed he at last
becomes extinct he will exemplify a prin-
ciple as old as civilization — that great
progress is built upon the extinction of
old forms. If he must go the horse will
finish with the consolation of a race well
run. — Colonel Albert A. Pope in the
New York Sunday Journal.
Manila is always interesting, the Ma-
nila of the old days especially so, one of
the most romantic, richest, and fairest
cities of the sleepy East. Warmed by
the tropical sun, cooled by the breezes of
the Pacific, it was blessed with features
of climate and commerce which permit-
ted men to grow rich while at the same
time thev lived lazv and contented. It
A Bit of old Manila.— After a drawing In Harper's Weekly.
Copyright, 1899, by Harper & Brothers.
was the ideal home for the Spanish offi-
cial or adventurer who wished to seek
his fortune in distant colonies, and yet
enjoy a life which forever reminded him
of sunny Spain. The Spaniards did in-
deed become rich, but only through their
cruel oppression of the natives, and dur-
ing their rule, lasting almost four hun-
dred years, the islands remained practi-
cally undeveloped. Apart from beauti-
VRIFT.
217
ful Manila, with its Spanish buildings, its
delicate Spanish architecture, a bit of
which is shown in our illustration, taken
from the current issue of Harper's Week-
ly, the towns are and have been mere
collections of straw huts, and the natives
of the archipelago for the most part are
as barbarous as when Magellan met his
fate on the island of Cebu.
Visitor: "What are you crying about,
my little man?"
Little Willie: "All my brothers hez
got a vacation, and I hain't got none."
Visitor: "Why that's too bad. How
is that?"
Willie (between sobs): "I — don't go
— to school yet." — Life.
A poor man lay dying, and his good
wife was tending him with homely but
affectionate care.
"Don't you think you could eat a bit
of something, John? Now, what can I
get for you?"
With a wan smile he answered, feebly :
"Well, seem to smell a ham a-cooking
somewhere; I think I could do with a
little bit of that."
"Oh, John, dear," she answered,
promptly, "you can't have that. That's
for the funeial."
New Boarder: "What's the row up-
stairs?"
Landlady: "It's the professor of hyp-
notism trying to get his wife's permis-
sion to go out this evening.
Spare Moments.
t Dr Stork's Bill.
Jh.Dr.Storh.tfiouQh I've ken ill.,
!J l I cant aFford/to pay your blH;
5 1 haven't got a single penny.
The duines-pig won't lend me any;
Besides°<3ear maflthinK you're wrong
rto mahe .your bill so_ verij Jong ■ *
But still, I'
Please call ag
tell >)ou what to > So,
a'in , ki^dsi-n Adieu'
218
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
Poems to Order.
There once lived a gentleman, so I have read,
Whose wisdom was something profound,
And though I know naught of the life that
he led.
His teachings I know to be sound.
"Protect me," said he, "from my friends, and
I fear
No stab from the hand of a foe,
For I'll be on guard when my foe shall ap-
pear,
And quickly shall ward off the blow."
And often I've thought of his wisdom so
great,
And often this thought have expressed,
When bound as it were by the grim hand of
fate
And solemn defeat have confessed.
The tailor can make you a garment to fit,
Likewise the shoemaker a shoe — ■
But poems to order? Just think for a bit, —
Great heavens! Oh, what shall I do?
The poet woulu dwell where the lily-bells
chime,
He fain would reach hights that are grand,
But if you would have him Parnassus to
climb,
At least let him lay off the land.
He'd linger and wait where the primroses
blow,
And birds twitter soft in the trees,
And list to the zephyrs in tones soft and low,
Re-echo the songs of the seas.
He'd linger and wait where the buttercups
grow,
And willows bend over the stream,
And whisper a sonnet of long, long ago,
When life was an unsullied dream.
But if he be tied to a prosaic weight,
Pray heaven, let's loosen the strings!
Or else he will fall a sad victim to fate —
No tune to the song that he sings.
/. P. Brashear.
^^.'^^^^^^^^^M^^^M^^^^^^^^^^^M^M^^^^^^^^M&M^I^^^^^^^&i^^
The Natural <& <*
*& <£ Body Brace
Cures ailments peculiar to Women.
Simple in construction. Comfortable. Ad-
justable to fit all figures. Endorsed by every
Physician who has used it
COSTS YOU NOTHING TO TRY IT.
Why should you not walk and work as
painlessly as the man whose wife, sweetheart
or sister you are ? You are not a laggard by
nature, but some bodily derangement or dis-
placement has sapped your ambition and made
you weak and peevish. Wherever you are,
the miserable pain in your back or side or
abdomen is ever present. Write for illustrated
book, giving candid facts and conclusive tes-
timony, SENT FREE, in plain sealed envelope.
The brace has cured thousands just such
as you. This letter is one of thousands :
Health Brings Beauty; the Natural
Body Brace brings Health. Pine Forest, Alabama, May 30, 1898.
I was well pleased with my brace from the beginning. After wearing it four weeks, I am de-
lighted with it; would not exchange it for money or anything else. I send you my heartfelt thanks
for it. I had suffered a long time with falling of the womb, painful menstruation, constipation, heart
disease, backiche, headache, bearing down pains, etc. Mrs. W. B. McCrary.
' reluDDR4sf ?.rrBox io,s3atisfactory- The Natural Body Brace Co., Salina, Kansas.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly enf jen The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Insure v^ith the
Home Insurance Co,
.♦...Of New York
Cash Capital, $3. 000,000.00.
The Great American Fire Insurance
Company,
Assets aggregating nearly $12,000,000.00, ALL
available for American Policy Holders.
J. D. COLEMAN, General Agent,
JOHN H. BURGARD,
..SPECIAL AGENT..
250 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
ELOF JOHNSON
Ladies' and Gentlemen's
TAILOR
Room 602
Dekum Building
PORTLAND, ORE.
*4
43
3
4*
3
s
2
43
4*
43
4'
4'
«
4
NO HUMBUG NO SHAMS
S* W* Aldrich Pharmacy
.... Corner Sixth and Washington Streets, Portland, Oregon ....
Carries a Complete Assortment of High- Grade Drags
and Chemicals* By constant and careful attention the
stock is kept fresh and up-to-date
Direct Importer of French and English Perfumes, Soaps, Powders, Toilet Waters and
Novelties. Particular Attention Given to Prescriptions and Mail Orders. Prices
Lowest in the City on Same Class of Goods
APPROPRIATE FRAMING A SPECIALTY
307 Washington street
Bet. Fifth and Sixth. PORTLAND, OREGON
CLARKE BROS.
FOR
Fine Cut Flowers
AND
NEW AND BEAUTIFUL
PLANTS
289 Morrison Street
rORI'LAND, OREGON
MARTINEZ' 4* 4t
LOUIS E. MARTINEZ
PROPRIETOR
Oysters
Game
Ice Cream
Jrench Pastry
Oregon Telephone
Main 553.
Portland's New and Only
First-class^staurant
and LADIES' LUNCH ROOM
128 Sixth St., Bet. Washington and Alder.
PORTLAND, ORE
When dealing with our advertisers, ktndly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— AD VEBTISIAG SECTION.
iSSSSSSSSSSSSS
Quality Improved
Price Reduced
COLUMBIA
HARTFORD
VEDETTE
*£ Bicycles «£
They arc Built to I^ide.
They are the best Bicycles possible to produce,
by the most skilled workmen, from the best ma-
terials, in the largest and most completely
equipped bicycle factories in the world «jt «>t jt
They arc Handsome Bicycles.
They are stylish bicycles, and they possess those
niceties of detail that give an added value to
the discriminating purchaser ■ & J. J, J, j. j.
~~^^ I They are Built to Sell.
POPP
s 1899 Prices
MFG. CO. | — y Jlrices:-
\ Columbia Chainless, Lady's or Gents' . . . $75.00
| Columbia Chain, Lady's or Gents' . . . 50.00
J 32- \ 34 * Columbia, Model 49, with '99 Improvements . 40.00
I Hartford, Lady's or Gents* 35.00 8
Sivth ^trrpt i Vedette> Gents' 25.oo I
IXtn OTXeet j vedette, Lady's 26.00 I
_ e Wc handle the best line of Juvenile Bicycles
Portland, Oregon. 5 in the Market.
.^ JOBBERS IN BICYCLE SUNDRIES.
; Agents wanted in all unoccupied territory in Oregon, Washington,
\ Idaho and Montana.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SEC J JON.
A.B.STEINBACH&Co.
POPULAR PRICE
Globs, Hatiers I Fi
Cor. Fi^st
and Morrison
Streets Portland, ore.
Devers' Blend Coffee j ft Ml
TO INSURE GETTING THE GENUINE, BUY IN
SEALED PACKAGES ONLY
CLOSSET & DEVERS
Coffee Roasters... PORTLAND, OREGON
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUiTS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
Telephone 371 .. 105, 107, 1074 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
*y]Vfl *N4« 4- -v*S Agents in every city and town in the Northwest to
VL\r%dl itvV ♦♦♦ solicit subscriptions for the Pacific Monthly. Salary
tf^tftftftftftftftftftftfiptf or commission. Write us at once for particulars.
Address Subscription Department, The Pacific Monthly,
Macleay Building, Portland, Oregon.
VX/'e call for, sponge, press and deliver one suit of
your clothing each week for $1.00 per month.
Unique Tailoring Co., 124 6th St.
Oregon 'Phone M. 514.
Columbia 'Phone 736.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly,
rii THE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—A D VER T I SING SECTION.
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
•••Transact a. General Banking Business
Special Attention Given to
Collections
PORTlvAND, OREGON
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" The Policy Holders' Company "
THE NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable and. incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
1st A Cash Surrender Value. 2d A Loan equal in amount to the Cash Value.
3d Extended Insurance for the Full amount of Policy, without the request of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-up Policy
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
727, 728 & 729 Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
o. Jr. 7/foorehouse de Co., yncorporated
WaU ^aper, Sftoom 77?ouictin#s, Paints,
Ofis, 2Sarnisnas, Jifouse, Sign
and ^rosco Painting
JOS jftder Street, tPortiand, Oregon
Free Shine to All Customers
KNIGHT <& EDER
The Medium Priced Shoe Dealers
292 Washington Street
Opposite Hotel Perkins PORTLAND, OREGON
Established 1872
JOHN A. BECK
Healer in
Wcicties. Diamonds. Jewelry, Silverware,
270 Morrison St., Bet. Third and Fourth,
Repairing a Specialty PORTLAND. OREGON
THE J. K. GILL CO.
Finest Stationery
Masonic Temple, Third and Alder Sts., Portland, Ore.
ALL THE LATEST BOOKS
Prices to Meet All Competitors
For Delicious *$ «g
Home Made Bread, Cakes,
Pies, Graham, Whole Wheat
and Biscuit Bread
...TRY...
ANN ARBOR HOME BAKERY,
Telephone Red 1842.
...OPTICIAN...
Dr. A. A. BARR, formerly of St. Paul, has charge of
the Optical Department for
I. N. WRIGHT. 1 I0WR JEWELER.
293 Morrison Street, PORTLAND, ORE.
CONSULTATION FREE
When dealing with our adverlisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
347 Morrison Street,
PORTLAND, OR.
Telephone Pink 341.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
xiii
F. E. BEACH & CO.
Pioneer PaINT COMPANY
Pure Paints, Oils and General
Building: Material
13C5 FIKST »~rrei£KT
N. W. Cor. Alder
PORTLAND, OREGON
..HATTERS AND FURNISHERS..
i
Sole Agents for
94. THIRD STREET
Portland, ore.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
[NE OF
Electric Supplies
CARRIES A FULL LINE OF
MOTOR > from One-half Horse Power Up
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kinds
of Machinery.
ARC and INCANDESCENT LIGHTING.
Electric and Bell Wiring a Specialty.
SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
COR. SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
ELEPHONB
..ARE NOTED FOR QUALITY OF WORK AND PROMPT SERVICE ...
JAMES R. EWING
..Bookseller..
Miscellaneous Books
Bibles . . .
Northwest Views
267 Morrison Street
PORTLAND, OREGON
Careful Attention to Special Orders
When dealing with our advertisers . kindli/ mention The Pacific Monthly .
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
i£llis IfrrintinG Co.
Established in 1887 92
PRINTERS
PUBLISHERS
STEREOTYPERS
2lnEtbing in tbe printing line
from a caro to a catalogue
105 FIRST STREET
Portland, Oregon
PHOENIX bicycles <*#*
"THEY STAND THE RACKET."
PRICE, $40.00 &. $50.00.
Golden Eagle Bicycles
^KSS WHEEL Clipper Chainless Bicycles
LIST PRICE $75.00
A Superior Article in the Chainless Line.
Call and examine, or send for Catalogues.
MITCHELL, LEWIS & STAVER CO.
First and Taylor Streets, PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Columbia River & Puget Sound Navigation Co.
Portland and Astoria
Steamers Telephone or Bailey Gatzert leave foot Alder
Street daily (except Sunday), 7 A. M.
Leave Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
U. B. SCOTT, President
i River R. R. Ti
WINTER SCHEDULE-Daily
Train No. 22 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 12:15 p. m.
Train No. 24 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at 11:10 p. m.
Return
Train No. 21 leaves Astoria at 8.00 a. m., arrives in
Portland at 12:15 P- m-
Train No. 23 leaves Astoria at 6:30 p. m. and arrives
in Portland at 10:35 p. nx.
Train No. 22 runs through to Seaside, leaving Seaside
on the return at 2:50 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia River R. R. Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:00 p. m., arriving at
Astoria at 12:15 P- m and 11:10 p. m. Leaving for sea-
side at 12:20 p. m.
GO EAST VIA
Oregon Short Line Railroad
THE DIRECT ROUTE TO
Montana, Utah, Colorado
and all Eastern and Southern Points.
Affording choice of two routes via the UNION
PACIFIC Fast Mail Line or the RIO
GRANDE Scenic Lines through Colorado.
LOOK AT THE TIME
1 1 DAYS TO SALT LAKE
1\ DAYS TO DENVER
3-i DAYS TO CHICAGO
U DAYS TO NEW YORK
Free Reclining Chair Cars, Upholstered Tour-
ist Sleeping: Cars, and Pullman Palace Sleep-
ers operated on all trains.
For further information, apply to
C. O. TERRY, W. E. COMAN,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
124 Third St., Portland, Or.
EAST ) * SOUTHERN
v'a PACIFIC
* COMPANY
AND.
0. R. & N.
LEAVE
* 6 oop. m.
* 8 30 a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
4 7 30 a. m.
I 450p.m.
Depot, Fifth and I Sts.
f OVERLAND EX-1
j PRESS, for Salem, I
I Roseburg, Ashland, |
(Sacramento, Ogden, I
San Francisco, Mo- f
jave, Los Angeles, El j
Paso, New Orleans |
and the East. J
Roseburg Passenger. . . .
( Via Woodburn for")
I Mt. Angel, Silverton,
■{ West Scio, Browns-
jville, Springfield
t^and Natron.
Corvallis Passenger...
Indepei.dence Pass'ng'r
ARRIVE
TIME SCHEDULES
FROM PORTLAND.
* 9 30 a. m.
* 4 30 p.m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
t 550 p.m.
I 8 25 a. m.
Salt Lake, Denver, Ft.
Fast Mail Wonh, Omaha, Kan-
8:00 p. m. j sas City, St. Louis,
Chicago and East.
Fast Mail
7:20 a. m.
Walla Wall , Spokane,
Spokane Minneapolis, St. Paul,
Hyer Duluth, Milwaukee,
2:20 p. m. Chicago and East.
* Daily. J Daily except Sunday.
Direct connection at San Franci-co with Occi-
dental and Oriental and Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND CHINA. Sailing dates
on application.
Rates and tickets to eastern points and Eu-
rope, also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA, can be obtained from J. B.
KIRKLAND, Ticket Agent, 134 Third St.
Yamhill Division: — Passenger Depot foot of
Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a. m.;
12:30, 1:55, 3:25, 5:15, 6:25, 8:05, 11:30 p. m., and 9:00
a. m. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland
daily at 6:35*, 8:30, 10:50* a. m; 1:35, 3:15,4:30, 6:20,
7:40, 9:15 p. m.; 12:40 a. m. daily except Monday
and 10:05 &• *"• 0.1 Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, exeept Sunday, at
4:30 p. m. Arrive at Portland at 9:30 a. m.
Leave for Airlie Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays at 8:40 a. m. Arrive at Portland Tues-
days, Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
* Except Sunday.
R. KOEHLER, C. H. MARKHAM,
Manager. Gen. P. & P. Agt.
When dealing with our advertisers,
8:00 p. m
Ex. Sunday
Saturday
10:00 p. m.
6:00 a. m.
Ex.Sunday
7:00 a. m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
6:00 a. m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Lv.Riparia
1:45 a. m.
Daily
Ex. Sat.
tn-ean Steam-hips.
All sailing dates subject
to change.
For San Francisco —
Sail December 3, 8,
I3> 18, 23 and 28.
Coin m hi n River
St> rtmwv.
To Astoria and Way
Landings.
Willamette Riv-r.
Oregon City, Newberg,
Salem & Way Landings
Willatm tie and
Yamhill Rivis.
Oregon City, Dayton
and Way Landings.
Willamette, River.
Portland to Corvallis
and Way Landings.
Snake Hirer.
Riparia to Lewiston.
Spokane
Flyer
10:15 a- rn.
4:00 p. m.
Ex.Sunday
4:30 p. m.
Ex.Sunday
3:30 p. m.
Mon. Wed.
and Fri.
4:30 p: m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Lv. Lewis-
ton 5:45
a. m. daily
Ex. Friday
V. A. SCHILLING. W. H. HURLBURT,
City Ticket Agt., Gen'l. Pass. Agt.,
254 Washington St., Portland, Ore.
kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
"♦--♦"♦•■♦"♦"♦"♦■•♦"<
"No Community is Prosperous Whose People are Not Employed"
{You Need Our Factories!!
Patronize
Home
Industry
YOU preach this doctrine, now practice it. You say you
love your home, now show it. You say the community
should be more prosperous, keep your morey at home. You
admit we manufacture over four hunri-cJ articles of impor-
tance as cheaply as in Eastern or foreign markets — why not
buy lhem? You admit that Chicago and other thrifty cities
not so far away were made *o by enterprising citizens; fol-
low their example. You speak of the patriotism of the whole
people, hence show unselfish devotion to the manufacturing
industries of Oregon.
M. ZAN, President
E. H. K1LHAM, Vice Pres
^ R. J. HOLMES, Treasurer
C. H. MdSAAC, Secretary
-M~t
MARK TWAIN
Said we ought to be thankful that
we have anv weather at all.
OREGON'S WEATHER
is a pleasure <when you carry one of
MEREDITH'S
SCIENTIFIC UMBRELLAS.
We are exclusive dealers in Umbrellas. Repair work
done promptly and carefully. We make old
umbrellas as good as new.
312 Washington Street, Portland, Oregon.
fill competition
Ore,— PHONES 734— Col
Model Laundry Company
308] MADISON STREET,
Between Fifth and Sixth
<^pj?ro^vN
As regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
JUST THINK!
3^ days with no change to Chicago
4^ days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN:
Trains are Illuminated by Pintsch Gas,
run into Union Depots, and Baggage
Is checked through to Destination.
Lowest Rates.
For Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
PORTLAND,
OREGON
J. H. LOTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. Agent.
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
<«' i
/ft
/IN
/IS
| Do You Like * *
I A Luxurious Meal?
/IS
/IS
35 "TIGER BRAND"
$\ Pore Spices
| "OUR BEST"
iii Roasted Coffee
f "KUSALANA"
f?\ Ceylon Tea
m
® ...<Are Items...
fjS «&<&«$ which zuill aid materially <&<£<£
ws
m
n\
>fN
ASK YOUR GROCER FOR
... THEM ...
THE FIRST TIME YOU SEE HIM.
cManufadured and
Sold by & & &
COKBITT & MACLEAY CO.
/J\ Portland. Oregon*
'IS
m
W
Ss^ "THE KIND
THAT SUITS
SOLD IN 10 SIZES
RANGING IN PRICE
FROM J- J> J>
Wc to 2 for 25c.
if
"QUALITY,*,*
Not QUANTITY
LATEST and
GREATEST
OF ALL o*
5c Cigars
*}£ e^*
ALLEN & LEWIS
"PORTLAND,
Distributors
OREGON
Mention The Pacific Monthly when ordering.
Frederick Warde on Shakespeare.
ticri
Volume t MAI^GH Number 6
1899
TEN CENTS A COPY .* ..* & J- «* ONE DOLLAR A YEAR
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUBLISHING COMPANY
PUBLISHERS j» > & > %* J*. Jt _jt PORTLAND, OREGON
- CJUJEN speak of dreaming as if it were, a phenome-
non . of night and sleep. They should knocw
better. <All results achieved by us" are self -promised,
and all self-promises are made in dreams avjakc,
'Dreaming is the result of labor, the ivine that sustains
us in act. We learn tot love labor, not for itself but
• for the opportunity it furnishes us for dreaming, which
is the great under-monotone of [real life, unheard,\un-
noticed, because of its constancy. Living is dream-
ing. Only in the grave are there no dreams.
LEW WALLACE.
DO YOU BUY DRUGS...
Toilet Articles, Soaps or Perfumes, or any of the thousand and one articles
carried by a drug firm? Then let us send you our cut-rate catalogue.
IT WILL SA YE YOU DOLLARS.
Does Photography interest you? Let us send you our Photographic Catalogue.
We earry the largest and most complete stock on the Coast
Woodard, Clarke & Co.,
FOURTH AND WASHINGTON STS.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
GOODYEAR RUBBER COMPANY.
We carry in stock a complete assortment of RUBBER GOODS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION,
i ANY STYLE. ANY SIZE. ANY QUANTITY.
MACKINTOSHES
Crack Proof...
...Snag Proof
RUBBER
BOOTS
Druggists'
Rubber
Goods
jtjtjt
BOOTS AND SHOES
"GOLD SEAL"
BELTING
PACKING
AND HOSE
Rubber
and Oil
Clothing
%£* %2* w*
R. H. PEASE, Vice-President and Manager,
73 and 75 FIRST STREET, Jt PORTLAND, OREGON.
AVERY & CO.
FURNITURE AND UPHOLSTERY HARDWARE.
LOGGERS' AND LUMBERMEN'S SUPPLIES.
SPORTING AND BLASTING POWDER.
FISHING TACKLE.
HARDWARE
TOOLS, CUTLERY.
MCCAFFREY'S CELEBRATED FILES
AND HORSE RASPS.
82 Third St, near Oak, Portland, Oregon.
Sec Publishers' Announcements, Page 16, Advertising Section.
The Pacific Monthly.
(The entire contents of this Magazine are covered by the general copyright, and articles must not be reprinted
without special permission.)
CONTENTS FOR MARCH, 1899.
Frederick "Warde as ** Macbeth " frontispiece
Photo taken b3' Edgar Felloes.
The Genius of Shakespeare Jrederick Warde 221
u How Knoweth This Man Letters, Having
Never Learned?" William Bitile Wells .' 224
As In a Dream (Poem) Marion Cook 230
Kahwayo (Short Story) Lizzie G. Wilcoxson 231
Columbus En Voyage (Poem) Lischen cM. cMitter 234
Some Phases of Our National Life C. E. S. Wood 235
"Mother and Mammy " Howard Weeden 238
The Voice of the Silence 239
Chapter IV. The writer will be unnamed
for the present.
Alaska George M. Miller 243
Beauty (Poem) Jrancis M. Gill 244
A Fantasy in E Minor Oraarv 245
The "Kid" (Short Story) 'Bessie SMay Guinean 247
DEPARTMENTS:
Our Point of View (Editorial) 249
The King's Oath (Poem) cAdonen 253
The Month— A Record of the World's Progress 254
In Politics, Literature, Science, Art and Education, with Leading Events.
Mother Goose for Grown Up Folks 257
The Magazines 258
Books 261
Drift 262
Chess 264
Note.— The third paper in the series on "The Dynamics of Speech" will appear in our next number.
Terms:— $i.oo a year in advance; io cents a copy. Subscribers should remit to us in P. O. or express
money-orders, or in bank checks, drafts, or registered letters.
Agents for The Pacific Monthly are wanted in every locality, and the publishers offer unusual in-
ducements to first-class agents. Write for our terms.
Manuscript sent to The Pacific Monthly will not be returned after publication unless definite in-
structions to that effect with stamps accompany letters enclosing manuscript.
Address all correspondence, of whatever nature, to
ALEX, sweek, Prest. THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. CO.,
J. THORBURN ROSS, Vice Prest. u . D .... nriDTi *nn r\ot:rf\\i
£_ „ ,,7T,TTO ,, Mac eay Bunding, PORTLAND, OREGON.
W. B. WELLS, Manager. j s> t
LISCHEN M. MILLER, Asst. Manager.
Copyrighted 1S99 by William Bittle Wells.
Entered at the Post Office at Portland, Oregon, Oct. 17, 1898, as second-class matter.
The publishers of The Pacific Monthly will esteem it a favor if readers of the Magazine will kindly
mention The Pacific Monthly when dealing with our advertisers.
PRESS OF THE ELLIS PRINTING CO., 10S FIRST ST . PORTLAND, Ore.
ii THE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—A D VER TISING SECTION.
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
Transact a General Banking Business
Special Attention Given to
Collections
I^OR'MviVJVI}, OREGON
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" The Policy Holders' Company "
THE NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable. and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
1st A Cash Surrender Value. 2d A Loan equal in amount to the Cash Value.
3d Extended Insurance for the Fall amount of Policy, without the request of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-up Policy
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
727, 728 & 729 Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
O. Jr. ft/oorehouse <5c Co., ynoor^orata^
2/Jatt Paper, 5?oom Ttfoutdinys, Paints,
Oi/s, 2Sarnis/ies, Jfouso, S/yn
and fresco Pa /n tiny
JOS jflder Street, Portland, Oregon
Free Shine to All Customers
KNIGHT & EDER
The Medium Priced Shoe Dealers
292 Washington Street
Opposite Hotel Perkins PORTLAND, OREGON
Established 1872
JOHN A. BECK
Dealer in
Warcnes, Diamonds. Jewelry, Silverware,
270 Morrison St., Bet. Third and Fourth,
Repairing a Skcuity PORTLAND. OREGON
THE J. K. GILL CO.
Finest Stationery
Masonic Temple, Third and Alder Sts., Portland, Ore.
ALL THE LATEST BOOKS
Prices to Meet All Competitors
For Delicious <£ *£
Home Made Bread, Cakes,
Pies, Graham, Whole Wheat
and Biscuit Bread
...TRY...
ANN ARBOR HOME BAKERY,
347 Morrison Street,
yORTLAND, OR,
...OPTICIAN...
Dr. A. A. BARR, formerly of St. Paul, has charge of
the Optical Department for
L 1 H I Ml Jflflft
293 Morrison Street, PORTLAND, ORE*
CONSULTATION FREE
Telephone Red 184*. Telephone Pink 341
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
BAIvLr Bearing Type-Bar Joints and Fixed
Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unimpair-
able Alignment, Lightest Key Action. The
Most Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work.
Carriage locks at end of line, protecting the
writing. Compact Shift Keyboard. Numer-
ous Handy Features. Address for full par-
ticulars,
United Typewriter & Supplies Co.
No. 232 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Whitman College
Entrance Requirements same as Yale.
STRONG FACULTY.
THOROUGH WORK.
Classical, Scientific, Xiterar^....
....anfc Musical Departments
HIGHEST STANDARDS.
Walla Walla.
Washington.
F. DRESSER & CO.
Wholesale... C "D C\CT?Q Q
and Retail VjKWV-.IilVO
Tea and Wine cMerchante.
Headquarters for full line
Battle Creek Sanitarium Health Foods.
Catalogue Free.
329-331 WASHINGTON STREET
Both Phones 214.
•••STEAM-
CARPET GLEANING WORKS
HUNTER BROS.
550 Jefferson Street, Near Seventeenth.
Blankets Scoured and Re-knapped.
Mattresses and Feathers Renovated.
T^ace Curtains a Specialty.
Carpets Re-fitted and Re-laid.
Orders Received at
Woodard, Clarke & Co., 4th & Washington Sts.
Burn's Grocery, 147 Third St.
SURETY BONDS
Capital and surplus, - $2,500,000.00
Fidelity and Deposit company
OF MARYLAND
Issues guarantee bonds to employes in posi-
tions of trust.
Court Bonds, Federal Officers,' City, County
and State Officials' Bonds issued promptly.
W. R. MACKENZIE, State Agent
ao8 Worcester Block, PORTLAND, OREGON
Telephone Main 986
Cawston & Co.,
Dealers in
Engines and Boilers,
Wood-Working Machinery,
...Iron-Working Tools and Supplies...
48 & 50 First Street
PORTLAND, ORE.
Blake's Single and Duplex Pumps.
When dealing vrtth our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
IV
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
Use-
THE TELEPHONE INDEX
cA time sa1>er for business men, and the only Index pub-
lished giving both Companies numbers,
PRICE, $2.00 PER YEAR.
For Advertising Space or Subscription, address
G. H. AYDELOTTE, telephones
No. 5 Raleigh Bldg., Portland, Ore. °T^rZt^t
[ CAN BE OBTAINED ONLY
PprlWt ...Through a Complete...
| MctalHC CirCUit Fop "** subscriber, and
Telephone j — ~No Party Lin<*
Service
THE COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY
Alone has these Advantages.
OFFICES, 606-607 Oregonian Building,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
\
I
LATEST STYLES
And First-Class
Jewelry, Diamonds, Watches and Silverware
AT MODERATE PRICES^
A. FELDENHEIMER,
COR. THIRD AND WASHINGTON STS.
PORTLAND, ORE.
I
Established 1882.
Open Day and Night.
•* E* House's Cafe *
138 Third Street
PORTUND, [OREGON
Clams and Oysters.
Home-Made Pies and Cakes.
Cream and Milk from Our Own Ranch.
The Best Cup of
Coffee and Chocolate in the City.
G.G.GLINEOIUPAINTGO.
144 FIRST STREET
PORTLAND, ORE.
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
PURE PAINTS, OILS AND VARNISHES
Doors, Windows, Plate and Window Glass,
WALL PAPER,
And the General Lines of
BUILDING MATERIAL.
Glazing a Specialty. Columbia Phone 290
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Mti'.Wy.
THE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—ADVER TISING SECTION. t
W. H. McMONlES
Wholesale Manufacturer of
W Harness, Horse Collars and Leather Specialties h„-,
Jobber of SADDLERY HARDWARE, Etc.
Ladies' & cents' Beits 74 Front Street, Portland, Ore.
Mexican Hand Stamped Work ' ^
Telephone Oregon Main 517
Consolidated (Jnivefsity — ^
( Portland - Paget Sound )
The Leading Educational Institution of pacific Northwest
Offers Thorough and Extensive Instruction in all the
Solid Branches of Education ... EXPENSES LOW...
Winter Term Begins January 3, 1899
"Write for Particulars to
Chancellor C R. THOBURN, S. T. D., University Park, Oregon
Northwestern Mutual Life
OF MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Grants more Insurance for the Same Cost or the Same Insurance
at Lower Cost than any other Company.
Largest Purely American Company.
Official Reports of State Insurance Departments Represent it to be the
Strongest and Best
For Terms, Address
S. T. L0CKW00D & SON, General Agents,
Concord Building, Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
VI
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
John H. Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commercial Block, PORTLAND, ORE.
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorneys at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
Russell E. Sewall,
District Attorney
R. R. Giltnet
GILTNER & SEWALL
Attorneys at Law
Offices, 508-509 Commercial Building
PORTLAND, OREGON
SAMUEL J. BRUN
Attorney and Counselor at Law
sixth floor, mills building
San Francisco, Cal.
Practices in all the Courts
Library Association of Portland
24,000 Volumes and over 200 Perodicals.
$5.00 a Year and $1.50 a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS— From 9 A. M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Sundays
and Holidays.
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK.
P. O. ECX 157.
TEL. MAIN 287.
RODNEY L GLISAN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
ROOM 420
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
Portland, Ore.
MRS. L. M. ROBERTSON
No. 20a Marquam Building, PORTLAND, OREGON
Fashionable Suits $5 up. Latest French Styles
Satisfaction Guaranteed
Alaska Mines andF0^BStock
Printed matter describing Alaska sent for 26 Cents in
Stamps.
MILLER & DAVIDSON
JUNEAU, ALASKA
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OP NEW BOOKS AND MAGAZINES
25 Cents per Month
•* JONES' BOOK STORE *
ZQl Alder Street, Portland, Oregon
JOHN T. WHALLEY,
attorney atXaw.
NOTARY PUBLIC.
BENSON BLOCK
N. E. COR. MORRISON & FIFTH STS.
PORTLAND, ORE.
Tel. Columbia 238.
FRANK E. FERRIS, D. D. S.
"Raleigh "Building
N. W. Cor. Sixth and Washington Sts.
"PORTLAND,
OREGON.
W. H. KINROSS
wee euLTUPte
'Vocal Instructor,
'Portland Ladies' Club and SMozart Club.
cMusical Director, Portland Orchestra.
STUDIO 302 GOODNOUGH BLDG.
The Californian Combination
A New Sanitary Suit for Baby in Short Clothes
A unique pattern for waist and drawers in one piece with stocking supporter attachment. It fur-
nishes complete protection to the body in flannel, dispenses with bands, petticoats and numerous pins and
buttons.
For Bathing and Gymnasium Costume Unexcelled
For full description see Trained Motherhood, this number.
Pattern with full directions will be mailed upon receipt of 25 cents, t-izes one and two-year old. The
garments in shrunk flannel, natural and white, will be sent upon receipt of $1.00. Apply for patterns, cir-
culars and sample garments to Mrs. H. OTIS BRUN, Stanford University, California.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
vu
Oregon 'Phone Black 984.
Columbia 658.
Portland Agent for
Albany (Oregon)
Woolen Mills.
Civil an<»
flilitary Tailor,
IIooms 1, 2, 3, 12, 13, UP-STAIRS.
Entrance, 88HThird St.
PORTLAND,
OREGON.
Society**,*
Card Engravers
and Printers
w. g. smith & CO.
We employ more help than all our com-
petitors in Oregon combined. V"
22 and 23 Washington Bldg., Portland, Or. V
PATENTS
Quickly secured. OUR FEE DUE WHEN PATENT
OBTAINED. Send model, sketch or photo, with
description for free report as to patentability. 48-PAOE
HAND-BOOK FREE. Contains references and full
information. WRITE FOR COPT OF OUR SPECIAL
OFFER. It is the most liberal proposition ever made by
a patent attorney, and EVERT INVENTOR SHOULD
READ IT before applying for patent. Address :
H.B.WILLS0N&CO.
PATENT LAWYERS,
LeDroltBldg.. WASHINGTON, D. C.
C. C. NEWCASTLE
"Dentist
GRADUATE MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY
300, 301 and 302
MARQUAM BUILDING.
Portland, Or.
II. W. CORBKTT
Vice President
J. W. Newkirk
Asst. Cashier
G. E. WlTHINGTON
Cashier
W. C. Alvord
2d Asst. Cashier
First
National Bank
PORTLAND, OREGON
COR. FIRST AND WASHINGTON STS.
Capital, - $500,000.00
Surplus, - 650,000.00
Designated Depositary, and Financial
Agent, United States.
Tel. Columbia 133.
Tel. Oregon Red 2945.
Kruses
Restaurant & Grill Room
THEO. KRUSE, Proprietor.
Stark Street, Portland,
Opp. Chamber of Commerce, Oregon.
Gourmand's Headquarters.
When dealing witti our advert sers, ktndly mention The Pacific Monthly.
Vlll
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
MORTGAGE LOANS
On Improved
Portland City Property
In sums from $500 to $500,000 at leftoest current interest rate*.
'Tp|-i.|y3kQ Abstracted and Insured against
1 1 L ltr^ Defect or Loss.
Trusts
Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND TRUST CO.
FIND US IN OUR NEW OFFICES,
FOURTH STREET ENTRANCE
WM. M. LADD, PRESIDENT.
J. THORBURN ROSS, MANAGER.
T. T. BURKHART, ASST. SECRETARY.
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING,
PORTLAND, ORE.
A STOVE
That has given satisfaction to every customer
for forty-six years
THE NAME IS
CHARTER OAK
We carry a full line, as well as a complete line of
HARDWARE, TINWARE, CUTLERY AND ALUMINUM WARE.
cADOLPH <A, <DEKUM
III first St, Gadsby "Block
JOHNCRAN&CO.\
Specialties in
HOSIERY, UNDERWEAR,
DRESS GOODS, LINENS,
Handkerchiefs, White Goods, Laces, Etc.
286 WASHINGTON
STREET***
Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertUers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly
S* G* Skidmore & Co*
Cut-Rate
Druggists
We give special attention to Prescriptions and
the selection of High Grade Bristle Goods.
151 THIRD STREET
Portland, Oregon
Photo by Kdgar Felloes,
Portland, Oregon.
Frederick Warde as "Macbeth/'
•w. /
The Pacific Monthly.
8MARCH, 1899
&Co- 6
The Genius of Shakespeare.
*By FREDERICK WARDE.
A PREVAILING misconception of
the social condition of the parents
of William Shakespeare, the influ-
ences of his childhood, his opportunities
of education, his youthful environmnt
and the surroundings of his manhood
are, in a great measure, responsible for
the doubts that are so frequently ex-
pressed of the possibility of such a man
having the ability or knowledge to con-
ceive, develop, and write the plays and
poems ascribed to his name. The pop-
ular error being that Shakespeare, hav-
ing been born in such humble circum-
stances, had little or no education, and
was of such a wild and dissipated char-
acter that the proposition was absurd
and untenable.
John Shakespeare, the father of Will-
iam, was not . a peasant, but a sturdy
yeoman, and belonged to that great
middle class of England which has
always been, and still is, the very back-
bone of the British Empire, and from
whose loins sprang our own great Amer-
ican Republic of today. He was a man
of substantial means at the time of the
birth of his eldest son (William); one of
the chamberlains of the borough of
Stratford, 1564, and shortly afterwards
was raised to the dignity of an alderman
and thereafter was entitled to the hon-
orable prefix of "Mr." Mary, his wife,
was the daughter of a wealthy Warwick-
shire farmer, named Arden, whose family
were afterwards ennobled. It was from
such sturdy stock that William Shakes-
peare came.
It is but fair to assume that, under
these conditions, the parents of Shakes-
peare were not without some little edu-
cation and refinement, and, with the
natural maternal pride that a mother
takes in her first-born son (William was
her third child), that he received his first
knowledge at his mother's knee, and from
the Holy Scriptures, a copy of which was
doubtless to be found in almost every
homestead in the country. If we could
have looked, therefore, through the
diamond-paned windows of the old
gabled house in Henley street, Stratford,
on some summer evening, after the
shadows, had fallen we might have seen
a little fellow attired for bed, kneeling at
the feet of his gentle mother, with his
hands uplifted, repeating after her, with
his infant lips, the Lord's Prayer, and
imbibing the first knowledge of the di-
vine principles of the Christian faith,
which he so frequently and beautifully
expresses throughout his plays.
At the age of seven years Shakes-
peare entered the village grammar
school of Stratford, of which Wal-
ter Roche, a man of considerable
learning, was then master, and at-
tended it for seven years. We have
no absolute knowledge of the curric-
ulum of study at that school, but the
222
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
probabilities are that it consisted of Eng-
lish, rudimentary Latin and literature.
There is no record of Shakespeare's
progress or conduct while at school, but
from the subsequent genius he displayed
it is but reasonable to suppose that he
was an apt scholar. Seven years under
the direction of an able tutor, at an age
(seven to fourteen) when the youthful
mind is most capable of receiving and
retaining impressions would form the
foundation of a pretty substantial edu-
cation and probably a very sound
one for the period in which he lived.
Ben Jonson, himself a university grad-
uate, speaking somewhat slightingly of
Shakespeare's classical knowledge, said
that "he knew little Latin, and less
Greek," and a perusal of his plays shows
us that the Latin quoted therein is of just
about the quality that an intelligent boy
would gain at a public school, while the
scenes, between the French princess, her
maid, and the king in "Henry V," would
indicate that his knowledge of that lan-
guage was of the same rudimentary qual-
ity as his Latin.
Of his life on leaving school (about
1578) to assist his father, who, with a
large family, was then in financial
difficulties, we know little. In his mo-
ments of leisure he doubtless shared the
recreations of the youths of his own age
in the neighborhood, for in his plays we
find constant references to and quotations
of the terms used in bowls, quoits, arch-
ery, hawking, hunting, wrestling and
other sports of the period. In his pas-
toral plays, such as "A Midsummer's
Nights Dream" and "As You Like It,"
we find ample evidence of his powers of
observation, unconscious doubtless at
the time, of the beauties of nature, the
variety of the wild flowers, the habits of
the birds, the insects, the animals, and
the reptiles that he found in the meadows
by the Avon's banks.
"Where daisies pied, and violets blue,
And lady-smocks all silver white;
And cuckoo buds of yellow hue
Do paint the meadows with delight."
Also of his wanderings in the woods
of Shottery and Charlecotte, where he
found
"Tongues in trees, books in the running
brooks,
Sermons in stones, and good in everything."
I can readily imagine that he, himself,
saw
"The poor sequestered stag, that from the
hunter's aim had taen a hurt "
augment the already swollen stream
with his superfluous tears. It was,
doubtless, from his own childish experi-
ence with some village Yorick, that he
placed in Hamlet's mouth the line —
"He hath borne me on his back a thou aid
times,"
And from the immature observations of
his youthful days developed the phil-
osophy of his maturer years. During
the days of his courtship of Anne Hath-
way it is not difficult to understand how,
to the eyes of the youthful lover nature
took on an added beauty, and the natural
poetry of his mind developed under the
influence of "love's young dream." His
indiscreet, and (for him) premature mar-
riage followed, when he was little more
than eighteen years of age — Anne Hath-
way was eight years older. With its
realities and responsibilities, he awoke
to the bitterness of an enforced cohabita-
tion with a woman who, if not absolutely
uncongenial, was certainly far inferior to
himself in every quality of mind and im-
agination. His escapade on the estate
of Sir Thomas Lucy probably led to his
subsequent flight to London to avoid its
consequences.
What a revelation to this country
youth must have been the vastness of
that great city, for it was great, even in
the days of "good Queen Bess," with
its life, its wealth, its palaces, its
pageants, and its play-houses. It was
to the latter that he naturally drifted,
first finding employment outside its
doors, then within as "call boy" or
prompter's assistant, and finally as an
actor. Here he found his proper and
natural sphere, here the natural trend
of his mind and heart found a congenial
atmosphere, and here his natural amia-
bility and intellectual accomplishments
found speedy recognition, and secured
lis rapid advancement to fame and for-
THE GENIUS OF SHAKESPEARE.
223
tune. Then commenced his life's great
work. Fired with ambition, and filled
with emulation of the brilliant minds
with whom he was brought in contact in
that exceptionally brilliant period of the
world's literary history, the genius of his
soul gave to time and posterity that
series of plays and sonnets that have
never been equalled for exquisite poetry
and sublime philosophy, and made him
recognized as the greatest dramatic poet
that the world has ever known.
The works of Shakespeare! What an
area they cover! What worlds of passion!
What flights of fancy! What exquisite
wit! What unctious humor! and what
marvelous descriptions are to be found
within them! There is not a single
chord in the whole gamut of human
passion that he has not touched, deli-
cately, yet firmly, from the ambition of
a monarch to the first faint flush of love
in a young maid's heart.
It is marvelous to contemplate that in
the brief span of a human life so much
knowledge could be acquired. And it
was acquired; but how? Not by the
systematic education of a school, col-
lege or university, but by contact with
men and manners, and by the mar-
velous genius of observation that he
possessed to an almost superhuman
degree. The physician marvels at
his knowldge of physiology and
medicine, the lawyer at his cognizance
of law and legal phraseology, the scien-
tist at his possession of his secrets, and
the philosopher at his familiarity with
the mysteries of nature. But analyse
his words, and you will find that they
are the result of acute observation and
philosophic reflection, and not of
study or application. He clearly de-
scribed the circulation of the blood, long
before Harvey discovered it, but not its
application and use in the treatment of
disease. The principle of gravitation was
clearly defined by Shakespeare in "Troi-
lius and Cressida" before Sir Isaac New-
ton was born, but I doubt if he realized
its scientific value. His knowledge of
legal terms and the general principles of
law could easily have been obtained, but
his application of law is very defective;
in the "Merchant of Venice," for in-
stance, the decision of Portia would
hardly be upheld as "sound" by any of
our courts. His skill in navigation and
seamanship, together with his apparent
familiarity with nautical phrases, as
shown in "The Tempest," may be attrib-
uted to his acquaintance and conversa-
tion with the sailors that frequented the
taverns, near the theatre at Bankside,
while the adaptation of many of the old
Italian stories upon which some of his
plays are founded does not of a necessity
imply a knowledge of that language, but
may have been gathered from the narra-
tives of persons who had read or heard
them, and related them in the hearing of
the poet. Shakespeare evidently pos-
sessed the faculty of remembering every-
thing he ever read, heard or saw, and
preserving the same for use and refer-
ence whenever occasion might require
it.
The three books that Shakespeare
certainly did read are the Bible, "Plu-
tarch's Lives" and "Holinshed's Chron-
icles." Of the first we find evident fa-
miliarity from frequent reference and
quotations in all his plays. In "Julius
Caesar" and other classic works he fol-
lows Plutarch closely, in some instances
almost verbatim; while in his historical
dramas he has — with the poet's license —
used Holinshed almost exclusively.
There is nothing, in my mind, in Shakes-
peare's use of the old stories, plays and
poems in "Hamlet," "Romeo and
Juliet," or his combination of them in
"The Merchant of Venice" or "King
Lear," etc., that is inconsistent with the
suggestions I have made. Institutional
education up to a certain point develops
the mind; beyond that it contracts it.
The works of Shakespeare show him
to be a man of fairly good rudimentary
learning, but with a mind unfettered by
the discipline of systematic study, soar-
ing with undipped wings to the heights
of his own poetic imagination, and not
confined by the dogmas of circumscribed
thought or the orthodoxy of any phil-
osophic sect or creed. We must con-
cede Shakespeare's genius, and genius
cannot be judged by the common stand-
ards of ordinary humanity; it is not
amenable to law, custom or rule; it soars
where it lists, and is controlled by a
power "greater than we can contradict."
224
THE PACIFIC 8M0NTHLY.
I therefore cannot doubt the authenticity
of the works of William Shakespeare, or
find in them anything that is inconsistent
or incompatible with the accepted facts
that are in our possession of the birth,
parentage, education, youthful environ-
ments and the mature associations of the
man.
NOTE. — I am indebted for the confirmation
of the facts stated above to a recent work
entitled "A Life of Shakespeare," by Sydney
Lee, whose patient and exhaustive researches
into Elizabethian literature entitle him to be
classed as an authority that should forever
dispose of that absurdity — the Baconian-
theory. F. W.
" How Knoweth This Man Letters, Having
Never Learned?"
<By WILLIAM BITTLE WELLS.
FOR those who are willing to meet it,
the plays of Shakespeare present
the most remarkable and perplex-
ing problem in the history of the world's
literature. Some put the question light-
ly aside with an air of superior wisdom,
while others give it a hasty and super-
ficial consideration, or else scoff at
investigation, however fair-minded it
may be, as an insult to the master-mind
which conceived the splendid Shakes-
pearean drama.
We have been prone to consider a dis-
cussion of the problem profitless; and
yet when one is willing to throw aside
prejudice and preconceived notions,
based upon anything but facts and in-
vestigation, and look at the question of
the authorship of the plays attributed to
Shakespeare in a calm and dispassionate
manner, he comes into touch at once
with the most fascinating study in litera-
ture, and faces a question in which no
one who speaks the English language
and who is conversant with its literature
can afford to be unconcerned.
The first difficulty which confronts us
in accepting Shakespeare as the author
of the plays attributed to him is that of
"marrying the man to his verse." Ever
since any serious study of the plays has
been undertaken this difficulty has been
recognized, and the more the plays are
studied the greater it becomes.
The lawyer who pores over his Shakes-
peare finds unmistakable evidences that
the author has at his finger tips the legal
phrases and usages of the Elizabethan
age, and must, at some period of his life,
have studied law. Dr. Abbott, of Stan-
ford University, one of the college au-
thorities in this country on law, and a
thorough student of Shakespeare, is of
this opinion. Lord Campbell, the chief
justice of England, wrote a book to
show -Shakespeare's remarkable familiar-
ity with the science of jurisprudence.
Richard Grant White says:
"Legal phrases flow from his pen as a
part of his vocabulary and parcel of
thought. * * * This could not have
been picked up by hanging around the
courts of London, 250 years ago." As
to the correctness of Shakespeare's law.
Lord Campbell, whose words should
come to us with considerable weight,
says :
"While novelists and dramatists are
constantly making mistakes as to the
law of marriage, of wills, and of inheri-
tance, to Shakespeare's law, lavishly as
he expounded it, there can neither be
demurrer, nor bill of exceptions, nor
writ of error."
The physician or surgeon who, after
the weary rounds of the day, sits down
by the evening lamp to refresh and com-
pose his mind with "Hamlet" or "King
John," or "Coriolanus," or "Julius Cae-
sar," is lost with admiration and wonder
at the remarkable knowledge of medi-
cine that the pages display. He finds
that the author of the plays was undoubt-
edly acquainted with, and made known,.
"HOW KNOWETH THIS MAN LETTERS, HAVING NEVER LEARNED? "
225
the circulation of the blood, — forestalling
Harvey's announcement by many years,
for Harvey's book was not published un-
til 1628, and yet there is nothing in it
more definite than the following from
"Coriolanus," which appeared in 1623:
"I send it through the rivers of your blood,
Even to the court, the heart, to the seat o'
the brain,
And, through the cranks and offices of man:
The strongest nerves, and small inferior
veins,
From me receive that natural competency
Whereby they live."
— Coriolanus, Act I, Scene 1.
And again from "Hamlet," Act I,
Scene 5:
"The leperous distillment; whose effect
Holds such an enmity with the blood of man,
That, swift as quicksilver, it courses through
The natural gates and alleys of the body."
Dr. J. C. Bucknill, of London, whose
book on the "Medical Knowledge of
Shakespeare" appeared in 1860, says:
"It is possible to compare Shakespeare's
knowledge with the most advanced
knowledge of the present day." Such
testimony is not to be waved lightly
aside.
The theologian who seeks to brighten
his sermon with gems from the great
dramatist is amazed to find that the
pages of the Shakespearean drama spar-
kle with quotations and thoughts from
the Bible, and John Rees, of Philadel-
phia, was so thoroughly impressed by
this fact that in his book on "Shakes-
peare and the Bible" (Philadelphia,
1876), he "assures us that the youth
Shakespeare, on quitting his virgin
Stratford for the metropolis, was scrup-
ulous to avoid the glittering temptations
of London; that he eschewed wine and
women; that he avoided the paths of vice
immorality, and piously kept himself at
home, his only companion being the
family Bible, which he read most ardent-
ly and vigorously!" — (Morgan.)
And Bishop Wadsworth, of England,
on page 345 of his "Shakespeare's Use
of the Bible," says:
"Take the entire range of English lit-
erature— put together our best authors,
who have .written on subjects not pro-
fessedly religious, and we shall not find,
I believe, in them all, printed so much
evidence of the Bible being read and
used as in Shakespeare alone."
So, too, the philosopher, the philolo-
gist, the linguist, the scientist, and the
1 istorian, who scans the Shakespearean
page, finds that his learning has been
largely anticipated, and comes to the in-
evitable conclusion that the author of
the plays must have been a thorough
student of his branch of knowledge.
"Shakespeare," says Alexander Pope,
"must have been very knowing in the
customs, rites, and manners of antiquity.
In 'Coriolanus' and 'Julius Caesar,' not
only the spirit, but the manner of the
Romans is exactly drawn; and still a
nicer distinction is shown between the
manners of the Romans in the time of
the former and of the latter. Mr. Waller
(who has been celebrated for this last
particular) has not shown more learning
in this way than Shakespeare." And
Mr. Morgan adds: "A philologist will
scarcely need perusal of more than a
Shakespearean page to arrive at this
judgment. Wherever else the verdict of
scholarship may err, the microscope of
the philologist cannot err. * * It is
infallible, because, just as the hand of a
writer, however cramped, affected, or
disguised, will unconsciously make its
native character of curve or inclination,
so the speech of a man will be moulded
by his familiarity, be it greater or less,
with the studies, learning, tastes, and
conceits of his own day, and by the mod-
els before him. He cannot unconsciously
follow models that are unknown to him,
or speak in a language he has never
learned."
What has puzzled the critics, there-
fore, as much as anything else is to
account for the knowledge of the mod-
ern languages which the author of the
plays exhibits. To have written "Romeo
and Juliet," "Othello" and several other
plays Shakespeare must have had a
knowledge of Italian, since there are
numerous illustrations of the author's
use of Boccaccio, Cinthio, Belleforest,
and Grotto, whose works were not then
translated into English.
To meet all this learning in law,
medicine and theology, all this knowl-
edge of literature, science, history and
philology, we have but two terms in
226
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
the grammar school at Stratford, where
there was practically nothing taught
but Latin and Greek. No serious
attempt was made to teach English
or any of the branches that today are
deemed necessary. To meet it we
have a man, who, after leaving his native
town with the most superficial training
of an elementary character, went to Lon-
don friendless and alone, and there to
eke out a livelihood was compelled to do
whatever his hands might find to do; to
meet it we have, again, the man whose
time in London was so thoroughly used
in acting and managing that it is im-
possible that he could have found the
leisure to prepare himself for construct-
ing the splendid drama that goes by his
name. May we not ask, then, with some
show of reason, "How knoweth this man
letters, having never learned?"
The question is one which has per-
plexed Shakespeareans and anti-Shakes-
peareans alike. The latter, however,
have found a solution which, they say,
has at least the recommendation of com-
mon sense — while the former continue
to extoll Shakespeare's learning, and yet
fail utterly to account for it on any rea-
sonable basis. One of the most striking
of these utterances was by Jean Paul
Richter, who exclaimed:
"Shakespeare spanned the ages that
were to roll up after him, mastered the
highest wave of modern learning and
discovery, and touched the heart of all
time, not through the breathing of living
characters, but by lifting mankind up
out of the loud kingdom of earth into
the silent realm of infinity; who so wrote
that to his all-seeing vision schools and
libraries, sciences and philosophies were
unnecessary, because his own marvelous
intuition had grasped all the past and
seen through all his present and all his
future, and because, before his super-
human power, time and space had van-
quished and disappeared."
Were we to admit all this there would,
indeed, be no cause for doubting that
Shakespeare wrote the plays, but to ad-
mit it, as a writer says, is to assert that a
miracle was vouchsafed to the Elizabeth-
an age which the people could not
understand or appreciate and did not
recognize.
The celebrated historian Guizot, in his
"History of England," reinforces what
has already been said. He says:
"Let us finally mention the great
comedian, the great tragedian, the
great philosopher, the great poet, who
was in his lifetime butcher's appren-
tice, poacher, actor, theatrical man-
ager, and whose name is William
Shakespeare. In twenty years, amid
the duties of his profession, the
care of mounting his pieces, of instruct-
ing his actors, he composed 32 tragedies
and comedies, in verse and prose, rich
with an incomparable knowledge of
human nature, and an unequaled power
of imagination, terrible and comic by
turns, profound and delicate, homely
and touching, responding to every emo-
tion of the soul, divining all that was be-
yond the range of his experience and
forever remaining the treasure of the
age — all this being accomplished,
Shakespeare left the theatre and the busy
world, at the age of 45, to return to
Stratford-on-Avon, where he lived
peacefully in the most modest retire-
ment, writing nothing and never return-
ing to the stage — ignored and unknown,
as if his works had not forever marked
out his place in the world — a strange ex-
ample of an imagination so powerful,
suddenly ceasing to produce, and clos-
ing, once for all, the door to the effort
of genius."
The inconsistency of this statement
never seems to have suggested itself to
Guizot, though he had stated the
Shakespearean problem in the most ex-
act terms. Guizot, however, is only one
of the many who have been likewise puz-
zled.
Coleridge exclaims: "In spite of all
biographies, ask your own hearts — ask
your own common sense to conceive the
possibility of this man being the anoma-
lous, the wild, the irregular genius of our
daily criticism. What! Are we to have
miracles in sport? or (I speak reverently)
does Gad choose idiots by whom to con-
vey divine truth to man?" And Hallam
says: "If there was a Shakespeare of
earth, as I suspect, there was also one of
heaven, and it is of him we desire to
learn more."
Mr. Furness, of Philadelphia, whose
"HOW KNOWETH THIS MAN LETTERS, HAVING NEVER LEARNED?"
227
great work, "The Variorum Shakes-
peare," has attracted world-wide atten-
tion, also says:
"I am one of the many who have never
been able to bring the life of William
Shakespeare and the plays of Shakes-
peare within a planetary space of each
other; are there any other two things in
the world more incongruous?"
These are only a few of the conspicu-
ous names in literature which have testi-
fied to the same effect. Goethe, Schlegel,
Carlyle, Palmerston, Emerson. Hallam,
and Gervinus may be added to the list.
Besides these a host of others, students
and professors, who have made a spec-
ialty of Shakespearean study, have found
it impossible to reconcile the marvelous
learning shown on every page of the
Shakespearean drama with the meagre
education and literary training which it
is known that Shakespeare had. "Genius"
may explain much, but it fails utterly to
account for the learning that could be
obtained only by years of incessant
study, and no one yet has been so short-
sighted as to offer it as an explanation.
As Morgan says, "The question is not
'Was Shakespeare a poet?' but, had he
access to the material from which the
plays are composed? Admit him to have
been the greatest poet, the most fren-
zied genius in the world; where did he
get — not the poetry, but — the classical,
philosophical, chemical, historical, as-
tronomical and geological information —
the facts that crowd these pages?"
Granting that Shakespeare was as
other men are — a mortal being not in-
spired so that he might divine all knowl-
edge without study, there is but one con-
clusion to which this mass of testimony
and criticism forces us, i. e., that Shakes-
peare could not have written the plays,
and that he did not is consequently the
ground which the anti-Shakespeareans
take.
The second stumbling block in our
effort to prove that Shakespeare was the
author of the plays attributed to him is
his will — and here again, if we insist on
our belief in his authorship, the mystery
becomes deeper and more inexplicable.
If we adopt the new theory, however,
which is given further on, the will ex-
plains itself. Morgan has summed up
the question so well that we quote him
on the subject entire:
"No Shakespearean has ever yet at-
tempted to explain the fact that William
Shakespeare, making his last will and
testament at Stratford, in 1515, utterly
ignored the existence of any literary
property among his assets, or of his hav-
ing used his pen, at any period, in ac-
cumulating the competency of which he
died possessed. The will is by far the
completest and best authenticated record
we have of the man William Shakes-
peare, testifying not only to his undoubt-
edly having lived, but to his character as
a man; and — most important of all to
our investigation— to his exact worldly
condition. Here we have his own care-
ful and ante-mortem schedule of his pos-
sessions, his chattels real and chattels
personal, down to the oldest and most
rickety bedstead under his roof. And
we may be pretty sure that it is an ac-
curate and exhaustive list. But if he
were — as well as a late theater manager
and country gentleman — an author and
the proprietor of dramas that had been
produced and found valuable, how
about these plays? Were they not of as
much value, to say the least, as a dam-
aged bedstead? Were they not, as a
matter of fact, not only invaluable, but
the actual source of his wealth? How
does he dispose of them? Does Shakes-
peare forget that he has written them?
Is it not a fact, and is it not reason and
common sense to conceive, that, not
having written them, they have passed
out of his possession along with the rest
of his theatrical property, along with the
theater whose copyrights they were, and
into the hands of others? This is the
greatest difficulty and stumbling-block
for the Shakespeareans. If Shakespeare
had written these plays, of which the age
of Elizabeth was so fond, and in whose
production he had amassed a fortune,
that he should have left a will, in items,
in which absolutely no mention or hint
of them whatever should be made, even
their most zealous plundits cannot step
over, and so are scrupulous not to allude
to it at all. This piece of evidence is un-
impeachable and conclusive as to what
worldly goods, chattels, chattel-interests,
or things in action, William Shakespeare
228
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
supposed that he should die possessed
of. Tradition is gossip. Records are
scant and niggardly. Contemporary
testimony is conflicting and shallow, but
here, attested in due and sacred form,
clothed with the foreshadowed solemnity
of another world, is the calm, deliberate,
ante-mortem statement of the man him-
self. We perceive what becomes of his
second-hand bedstead, but what becomes
of his plays? Is is possible that, after all
these years' experience of their value —
in the disposition of a fortune of which
they had been the source and foundation
— he should have forgotten their very
existence?"
One point, however, is not mentioned,
so far as we have seen, by any of the
critics, and the mystery is made much
deeper by it. At the time of Shakes-
peare's death — 1616 — some of the best
plays that have been attributed to him
had not been heard of. If we can, in
any way, explain his failure to mention
the plays that had already been pub-
lished and from which it has been sup-
posed that he made his fortune — though
this view is gradually losing ground —
how can we explain by any sort of jug-
glery his failure to mention his owner-
ship— if he ever did own them — of such
plays as "Othello," "Tulius Caesar,"
-All's Well That Ends 'Well," "Henry
VIII," and seven or eight others? Again
the only sensible theory is, that not hav-
ing written the plays, and never having
owned more than a stage-right in them,
he left them out of consideration in his
will as a matter of course.
A third stumbling-block, and one al-
most equally difficult to overcome, is the
fact that Shakespeare never, upon any
occasion whatever, claimed that he was
an author either of the plays attributed
to him or of anything else, but persist-
ently and consistently ignored the publi-
cation of the plays just as any one would
have done who had no interest in them
and who was consequently unconcerned.
The fact, also, that none of the plays
were entered for copyright by Shakes-
peare or printed for him is startling and
significant.
As for Ben Jonson's, Green's and
Meres' testimony, they may all be put
aside as of about the same value. Jon-
son contradicts himself, and hence must
be thrown out of court; Meres simply
enumerates plays that had been printed
as Shakespeare's, and Green calls
Shakespeare a plagarist because his own
lines had been appropriated.
So facts might be piled up, nearly all
of which would point to one inevitable
conclusion — namely, that Shakespeare
could not have written the plays, —
but among them no one fact is
more significant and suggestive than
that the state of literary composi-
tion in Shakespeare's day was such
that anonymous and joint authorship
was the most common occurrence.
From this fact a new theory has arisen,
and today it has come to be quite gen-
erally regarded as the most probable
solution of the problem. This theory is
to the effect that arriving in London
without employment Shakespeare com-
menced life by holding horses at the
theater door. By attending strictly to
business he secured a position in the
theater itself, and finally in 1599, became
a partner in the Globe. The plays that
were produced at the theater at this time
became known as "Shakespeare's plays,"
just as today the plays given at Daly's
and the Lyceum in New York are occa-
sionally called "Daly's plays" and the
"Lyceum's plays," though they have
been written by different authors. The
plays which were produced at Shakes-
peare's theater proving a success, the
publishers of that day made use of the
fact by printing Shakespeare's name as
the author of various plays which he
never claimed and which, the new
theorists assert, he did not write.
In one case, "The Passionate Pilgrim,"
a vigorous protest was made by the
real author, Dr. Heywood, of two of
the poems in the collection, and in
the third edition Shakespeare's name
was removed. The other real authors
did not protest, so the adherents of the
new theory claim; first, because the plays
might have been sold to the publishers
with the understanding that they were to
use them as they might see fit; this stip-
ulation being made by the publishers be-
cause they were accustomed to put on the
title pages of their productions any name
that might add to the sale; second, be
HOW KNOWETH THIS MAN LETTERS, HAVING NEVER LEARNED?"
229
■cause literary composition at the time
was in more or less disgrace, and those
in high positions could not afford to be
known as authors; anonymous author-
ship was the natural outcome of this
state of affairs, for "between the Station-
ers' Company and the Star Chamber it
was a fortunate author, printer, or read-
er, who escaped hanging, disembowel-
ing, and quartering, with only the loss
of ears or liberty." — (Morgan.)
London was full of playwrights, con-
temporary with Shakespeare, some of
whom we may be confident submitted
their plays to him, and the plays were
subsequently printed as Shakespeare's.
"Henry VIII" is an example. The
"Two Noble Kinsmen" and "Edward
III" are others. These plays are today
by the most learned critics admitted not
to have been written by Shakespeare.
Fletcher is most probably their true au-
thor. Shakespeare, however, had made
a success of his management of the Globe
theater, and his name was one for the
printers to conjure by.
This theory is sustained up to this
point by the actual fact that when
"Romeo and Juliet," "Richard II,"
"Richard III," and other plays now at-
tributed to Shakespeare were first pub-
lished Shakespeare's name did not
appear on the title pages as their author.
As Morgan says again, "This theory
seems to tally with the evidence from
what we know as the 'doubtful plays.'
In 1609, there appeared in London an
anonymous publication, a play entitled
'Troilus and Cressida.' It was accom-
panied by a preface addressed, 'A never
writer to an ever reader,' which, in the
turgid fashion of the day set forth the
merit and attractions of the play itself.
Among its other claims to public favor,
this preface asserted the play to be one
'never stal'd with the stage, never clap-
perclawed with the palms of the vulgar,'
which seems (in English) to mean that
it had never been performed at the the-
atre. But, however virgin on its appear-
ance in print, it seems to have very
shortly become 'staled with the stage,'
or at any rate, with the stage name, for,
a few months later, a second edition of
the play (printed from the same type)
appears, minus the preface, but with the
announcement on the title-page that this
is the play of 'Troilus and Cressida,' as it
was enacted by the king's majesty his
servants at the Globe. Written by Will-
iam Shakespeare. Now, unless we can
imagine William Shakespeare — while
operating his theater — writing a play to
be published in print — and announcing
it as entitled to public favor on the
ground that it had never been polluted
by contact with so unclean and unholy
a place as a theater, it is hard to escape
the conviction that he was not the 'never-
writer' — in other words, that he was not
its author at all — but on its appearance
in print, levied on it for his stage, under-
lined it, produced it, and — it proving a
success — either himself announced it, or
winked at its announcement by others,
as a work of his own."
If Shakespeare did not write the
Shakespearean plays, who, then, did?
Certainly it were foolish to maintain
that Bacon, or any other one man, could
have written them. "All honest com-
mentators have confessed the difficulty
of believing, from internal evidence, that
but one single hand wrote the plays and
poems" (Morgan), and when this is rein-
forced by external evidence to the same
effect, there is but one conclusion that
can be reached. Fletcher wrote "Henry
VIII." If he were capable of the sub-
lime passages which end with —
. "O Cromwell, Cromwell,
Had I but served my God with half the zeal
I serv'd my king, he would not in mine age
Have left me naked to mine enemies."
which it is now admitted that he did
write, may he not have been capable of
more of the great thoughts which fill the
pages of the Shakespearean drama?
May his not have been the master-mind
which, aided by others of experience and
learning, was at the back of the entire
drama? Or, again, it is not reasonable
to suppose that Marlowe, Bacon, Beau-
mont, Greene, Nash, Ben Jonson, Dek-
ker, Walter Raleigh, Edmund Spencer,
Matthew, Southampton, Montgomery,
or Essex submitted plays to Shakespeare
as manager, and for reasons which we
have already outlined preferred not to be
known as their authors? Certainly this
is the more sensible theory than to main-
230
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
tain doggedly that they belong to the
hiatus in the life of an uneducated and
unlearned manager of a theater, who, to
have written them, must have violated
every law that has guided others in lit-
erary composition since the dawn of
literature.
After all, we have the plays — that is
the principal thing, — and were it not
that such an inquiry as this arouses and
stimulates interest in the plays them-
selves it would be largely in vain. For
it is only by understanding the environ-
ment in which they were written, the
wonderful knowledge which they dis-
play, the philology, philosophy and
learning which crowd the pages that they
can be most thoroughly appreciated.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
"Shakespeare," Encyclopaedia Brittanica
— Thomas De Quincy.
Introduction to "Leopold Shakespeare" —
F. J. Purnivall, London.
Authorship of Shakespeare — Nathaniel
Holmes, New York, 1866.
Bacon and Shakespeare — W. H. Smith.
Outlines of the Life of Shakespeare — J. O.
Halliwell Phillips, London, 1848.
The Variorum Shakespeare — W. H. Fur-
ness, Philadelphia.
The Medical Acquirement of Shakespeare
— C. W. Stearns, M. D., New York, 1865.
Shakespeare's Medical Knowledge — Dr. J.
C. Bucknill, London, 1860.
Shakespeare and the Bible — John Rees,
Philadelphia, 1876.
An Enquiry into the Learning of Shakes-
peare— Peter Whalley, London, 1748.
Shakespeare — Peter Whalley, London, 1848.
Introduction to Shakespeare — Edward
Dowden.
Shakespeare and his contemporaries — Wil-
liam Tegg, London, 1879.
Studies in Shakespeare — Richard Grant
White, Boston, 1886.
Article on Shakespeare in The Forum —
David P. Brown, Philadelphia, 1856.
Was Shakespeare a Lawyer?" — H. T., Lon-
don, 1871.
Shakespeare's Legal Acquirements — Lord
Campbell.
Shakespeare a Lawyer — W. L. Rushton,
London, 1858.
Shakespeare's Use of the Bible — Charles
Wadsworth, London, 1880.
The Great Cryptogram — Ignatius Donnelly,
New York, 1888.
Shakespeare's Life, Art and Characters—
H. N. Hudson, Boston, 1872.
English History in Shakespeare's Plays—
B. E. Warner, New York, 1894.
The Citation of Shakespeare — Walter
Savage Landor, New York, 1891.
William Shakespeare, A Critical Study —
George Brandes, London, 1898.
Shakespeare, His Mind and Art — Edward
Dowden, New York, 1881.
The Shakespearean Myth — Appleton Mor-
gan. Cincinnati, 1886.
*The writer wishes to acknowledge his
special indebtedness to the last named book,
which has been freely consulted in the prep-
aration of this paper.
As in a Dream.
As in a dream we hum an unknown air,
A distant theme of gay or sad refrain,
Yet when awake cannot — alas — recall
One note of it nor bring it back again —
So in our lives we fain would catch once
more
The key-note of a dead past's harmony;
Would tune our hearts to passion's sweet
dream-song
And feel again the old glad ecstacy.
It is in vain; — yet why regret and grieve?
The fragrance lingers where was once the
flower;
And Memory's book still bears upon its
leaves
The perfumed impress of that long-lost
hour.
Marion Cook.
Kahwayo.
<By LIZZIE G. WILCOXSON.
AGAINST a background of tall, dark
hemlocks and firs, of slender
maples, of underbrush and ferns,
three bright-shawled Indian women
slowly moved through a trail. They
were followed by a half dozen children
clad in a variety of parti-colored rags.
Two of the squaws, in addition to a
large, closely made pack on the back,
carried each a pappoose bound up In-
dian fashion. The third and youngest
squaw supported on her shoulders a
pack that in appearance would have
been a load for a pony. In the rear of
the procession a cayuse, loaded top and
sides, was guided by a youth who sat
perched on the top of the pack.
The pappooses slept and their little
heads hung and wagged out of their
baskets with the motion of the steps of
the squaws.
The rising sun portended a bright,
clear day, but the bushes and moss along
the trail were heavy with moisture that
fell in showers at the lightest touch, and
the "flap, flap" of their wet skirts and the
faint, soft "swish," "swash" of their wet
moccasined feet and the "thud" of the
pony's hoofs, made a mournful accom-
paniment to their silent march.
In spite of their stolid expressions,
slow progress and unbroken silence —
for Indians never carry on conversation
— there was an air of alertness about
them; an expression — if the poor crea-
tures may be said to have any expres-
sion but that of an animal long inured to
cold, hunger and hardships — of antici-
pation. This was, indeed, the case.
They were journeying down the river to
a piece of land where their braves had
been quartered for two moons past
slashing down timber. The slashing
was now finished, and they were to be
paid off — not in trade or store checks
or orders — but in money. There was,
therefore, ahead of them a journey to
town, some twenty-five miles away; a
high old time generally, a choice of cof-
fee, and perhaps sugar, — if the money
held out sufficiently after buying the
bright bandannas, the new blue over-
hauls, the flowered calico, and perhaps
some new shawls — how many and how
much of which would depend on the
covetousness of the merchants; but still
there would be a lot of money; a lot of
new things to wear; a lot of whisky, and
a big potlatch when they got back home,
with perhaps something to eat for sev-
eral weeks to come.
What mattered the diet of fern-root
bread, dried salmon eggs and sour ber-
ries for two weeks past? Nothing; it
was better than fern-root bread alone, or
potatoes alone. It was but a month
since that they had had a bear. For-
tunate, they counted themselves. To be
sure, it was but a lean old she-bear, and
it was unlawful to kill her, but that
counted for nothing with Kahwayo, who
slew her with a pine pitch knot, as heavy
as a great iron sledge. Kahwayo was
the squaw with the big pack. She was
exceedingly strong; and for temper,
there was not her equal in many tribes.
She did not brawl: that is not the forte
of the squaw. But Hawk, who was
once her brave, mysteriously died after
having sorely beat her while he was im
a drunken mood. Kahwayo looked stol-
idly impassive as the Indians came and
took charge of poor Hawk, examined his
swollen form and emptied out upon the
ground a pot of poisoned fish she had
given him to eat. Hawk was buried
and a feast was made and Feather took
Kahwayo and, profiting by Hawk's fate,
he treated her with due consideration,
putting great value upon her enormous
strength.
That was many moons ago: perhaps
as many as forty and more, for she had
borne him several pappooses, the young-
est of which was now being carried by
one of the other squaws, who could not
carry the heavy pack on Kahwayo's
back.
It was near the middle of the after-
noon when they reached their destina-
tion. All day they had plodded on; not
stopping at noon. There was nothing
in the way of victuals with them; the last
of the bread and dried fish having been
eaten very early that morning before
starting out on their journey. Their
232
THE 'PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
plan was to stop a day or two at the
camp at the slashing, and then proceed
on the trip to town.
"It is very warm," said Kahwayo, as
they stopped at the bark tent built
against a great tree near a clear
running stream of mountain water. She
was reeking like a horse pulling up a
hill. They all unburdened themselves;
• the babies were hung on a projecting
pole. The dogs, five of which were fol-
lowing, commenced to nose eagerly
around the scattered pans and skillets in
the tent hunting for stray bits to eat.
But the attention of the women was
drawn to a small group of men who were
engaged in a hot dispute. They were
two white men and three Indians. The
older white man and the one who was
doing the talking, was a large, bulky
man, with much beard and thin hair. In
the heat of the argument, he continually
removed his hat and mopped his bald
head quite fiercely. The young man
was his son. He was a good-looking,
happy natured fellow of not more than
twenty. He was taking no part in the
argument, and when the women and
children arrived, he meandered around
them, prodding the young ones play-
fully with the end of his walking stick.
The women sat down on the ground and
paid attention to what was going on,
though they said nothing either to the
men or to each other.
"Well, all I've got to say," cried Mr.
Combs wrathfully, "you don't get a
blessed cent of money till you do that
job right. It's a blessed fine thing that
I happened to come out instead of trust-
ing to Bart to see to it. I'll pay you fel-
lers when you've gone over this land and
cut down them half trees. I ain't a goin'
to stand a stump over six inches high in
this slashin', though. You can just
mark that. The stuff won't half burn,
and I ain't goin' to stand it."
The Indians refused to reslash the
stumps which were left unreasonably
tall, but which would have made but lit-
tle difference in the burning of the slash-
ing. Thus both parties were right in a
measure and both wrong. The settlers
for the most part were careless in slash-
ing and the Indians are not more thor-
ough than they are forced to be, and
they felt that they were being hardly
treated.
"Bart," called Mr. Combs, "Bart, you
come here. I've just laid the law down
to these lazy, thieving brutes. I'm
goin' on out to town an' I won't be back
here till the first of the month. That'll
give 'em plenty of time to do this job up
right. I'm goin' to leave it to you to
see after, an' if I can't get back, you can
pay 'em off when its done."
"Oh, all right," replied Barton Combs,
who was tired of the discussion, and
wanted to get on and complete his ar-
rangements for a hunt through the
mountains.
The Indians had no recourse but to do
the work demanded of them; and, since
it had to be done if they would get their
money, they picked up their axes and
without so much as a word to their
squaws squatting near, they sullenly be-
gan to hack at the tall stumps of the
vine maples and alders.
No one marked the brawny, brown
squaw, who sat a great carved thing so
dumb and wooden and passionless; no
one but a dog, who, looking into her hot,
angry eyes, uttered a low growl and
crouched at her feet, keeping his eyes
on her face.
Two weeks is not much in an Indian
camp, where time is not reckoned as
dollars and cents, and though at the end
of that time but a small portion of the
ground had been gone over, Barton had
returned from his hunt, and desired to
go on to the railroad and thence home.
"Oh, bother," concluded the young
man, after seeing what they had not
done, "t'won't make a shakes difference
unless the old man comes back. I'll
take my chances on that."
He paid them for the work, offering
the condition that they would complete
it. "Not that I expect for a moment
they will," he thought; but more to up-
hold his father's policy.
"Now you fellows do what's right, and
finish cutting those stumps. Tell you what :
Father means to buy that forty just
across the river; and if you do this busi-
ness up in good style, I'll have him give
you another job there. And, by the
way, I've got to go over there. I guess
I'd just as well this evening as any other
KAHWAYO.
233
time. If you'll put me across opposite
Haizlip's ranch, I'll stay all night there,
and you can come for me in the morning
if he hasn't got a boat. I'll be back in a
couple of hours, and don't forget to have
your boat ready," he called as he strode
away.
Shortly after he was gone, Kahwayo
rose from the very dirty mat, where,
lying propped on one elbow, she had
been stemming the gooseberries piled
around her. They were for sale to the
white folks on the prairie : the Indians are
not so particular as to require the bloom
ends taken off the berries they eat. She
went in the direction of the river. A big,
lumbering skiff was tied to a little tree
bending over the bank. Kahwayo un-
tied and drew it upon the river bank.
She climbed in and for two hours she
bent industriously over a piece of work
she was accomplishing in the bottom of
the boat. When it was done she spread
her shawl over it, and an expression of
intense satisfaction was depicted in her
face. The contrivance she had made
was simply a great hole filled with a stop
that could be jerked out by an attached
thong. She pushed the skiff into the
water and sat down in it. She waited
for a long time, but having no engage-
ments to interfere with her waiting, she
waited without impatience. The sun set
in a bank of yellow; the moon rose — a
tiny crescent balancing on a twig of
cedar — a dear little baby moon, so fine,
so delicate, so innocent. It gave no
light to speak of, but the sky was so clear
and the stars came so bright, that when
Feather- — or to speak his English name,
Tom — came down with the young man,
Barton Combs, their features were clear-
ly distinguishable. Feather was not
averse to letting Kahwayo do the labor
of putting Combs across; he had in
fact been inwardly wroth at the prospect
of having to exert himself so unneces-
sarily when he had a squaw; but Feather
never raged at his squaw, even when she
occasionally chose to be undutiful and
leave him turns of this sort to do. .
Barton seated himself in the boat and
Kahwayo slowly swung out into the
stream. Combs took off his hat' and
threw back his head to enjoy the re-
freshing breeze. He had been walking
hard and was very warm, though the
evening was almost cold, as most Wash-
ington evenings are; especially on the
Cowlitz river, whose waters are icy all
the year round.
The young man soon forgot where he
was in the absorbing enjoyment of the
beauty of the evening. The rugged,
steep, rock walls of the riyer, the high
dark hills, the clear studded sky,
and the tiny moon! He did not realize
that they had reached a landing till Kah-
wayo moored the boat near a tree that
had fallen and projected far into the
river. Before he could question her
reason for not approaching the bank, she
had leapt suddenly out on the log, giv-
ing the boat such a tremendous push
with the oar that it snapped in two. As
Kahwayo leapt upon the log a sharp re-
port was heard like the firing of a pistol:
she had in reality pulled the stop out of
the hole. An icy stream of water spurt-
ed through the bottom of the boat that
was going straight to the bottom.
Had he been a tolerable swimmer, his
being violently thrown into the cold
water and stunned by what had so unex-
pectedly and inexplicably occurred
would have been paralyzing; but as it
was he was unable to swim at all, and
was bodily fighting the waters, whose
swift current it is impossible for a horse
to tide at that point, before he could
realize what had happened.
On the bed of the river a few rotten
planks was all that was left of the boat. If
Feather resented its loss, the fact that
Kahwayo was not disposed to discuss
it prevented his being violently curious;
or if he was angry he swore inwardly
and did not strike. He remembered
poor Hawk.
For days and weeks and months the
woods and waters were searched for the
missing Combs boy; but no living eye
saw an Indian woman secure the body
from a drift of brush five miles down the
river and bury it deep in the woods, and
hide well the grave.
Only the stars could tell of the white
face raised to heaven from the black,
rocking water, the dispairing call of
agony, and the dying gurgle that was
the last breath of a brave young life.
Columbus En Voyage.
<By LISCHEN SM. SMILLER.
WHAT lies beyond and still beyond
That far dim line of sun-kissed sea?
Lie there the golden shores of Ind,
The isles of spice and clove and balm,
Soft-cradled in a sea of calm,
Or fanned by perfume-burdened wind?
Oh for wide wings and strong and free —
To sweep, and sail, and seek and see !
0 wind-swept waste of tossing sea!
Beyond thy limitless, profound,
And voiceless depths, Hope reaches hands.
I cannot rest, I cannot rest!
In all my own, or other lands
There is not any rest for me
Till I have pierced thy mystery.
O wild Atlantic! whose broad breast
No daring prow has ever pressed,
Beyond the bounds of dark and light
How many leagues thy billows roll!
What mighty secrets must be thine!
Yet something whispers in my soul,
Aye, thrills through all my daytime thoughts
And echoes in my dreams at night,
That all thy secrets shall be mine.
They say my hopes are wild and high,
They tell me I am mad with dreams.
Oh give me ships, but ships, and I
Will leave no sea unsailed, or prove
The verity of that I speak.
I will find all I sail to seek,
Unlock the ocean's gates, and pour
The wealth of India at their door;
On every shore, in every land,
Wherever God's fair sunlight gleams,
Will plant the cross, the cross shall stand.
What, Cosa, ho! Who murmurs now?
(The men are sullen, sick witn dread
Of unknown dangers. Ah! they fear
We sail so far we cannot find
The homeward way.) What do I hear?
Turn back? Turn traitors at Lie last?
No, no. Sail on! Sail hard and fast!
Obey the promise-laden wind,
And leave all thought of fear behind.
The smooth sea like a river runs.
We sail into the autumn sun's
Warm place of dreams. Upon my brow
I feel the spice-breatu of Cathay,
And feel anew, my soul arise.
Away! We claim no cowards here!
Curse-laden lips and angry eyes
Divert me not. Forward, forward ! I say.
This is no time to turn or stay.
Brave men of Arragon, Castile,
And from Cantabrian summits blue,
Stand staunch and steadfast, firm and true!
Within my soul I know — I feel
We draw anear the looked-for land.
With every mile my hopes increase.
The sea, the air is full of signs.
The dove, white-breasted, weary-winged,
The dog rose' briared branch of bloom,
The soft air laden with perfume
Give welcome. Your avowed despair
With our high purpose ill inclines.
Back to your places ! Foul or fair
We turn not till we toucn the strand
Of some rich, ocean-cradled land.
Is that a star? Low down and dim
It seems to kiss the ocean's rim.
And yet — it moves! 'Tis gone. Alas!
Did I but dream I saw it pass?
My eyes are grown so worn of sight
With this long watching day and night
I know not when I see aright.
At times my very senses reel,
My heart turns faint with hope deferred.
Weary and worn, day after day
I watch the great sun rise and wheel
Across the hollow of the sky
In awful splendor — flushed and red
Lie rocked in his great ocean bed.
Night after night, in silentness
Upon my tired heart seems to press
The solemn solitude of these
Unfathomed, vast and trackless seas.
The very stars above my head
Grow pale, and fade, and fail in aread.
And then, it is as if I heard
God's voice whisper to my soul
Through the still night; and at tfae word
Grim doubt and darkness seem to roll
To nothingness.
Lo, faint and far,
Again that trembling, tossing star.
Ho, Pedro! here, your eyes are true;
What gleams athwart the gloom of night?
It is no star! O God, a light!
Land, land at last! Ho, comrades, land!
Upon your knees! Lift heart and hand!
Some Phases of Our National Life.
<By a E. S. WOOD.
I AM in general an optimist, in partic-
ular a pessimist. I believe the
world is growing better, kinder, as
a whole. But politically and as regards
the destiny of the United States I am a
pessimist. By pessimist I understand
one who refuses to believe there is an
individual God seated on a golden
throne, with a harp in one hand and a
trident in the other, keeping both eyes
steadily fixed upon the United States
and warding from this new children of
Israel all the consequences of its follies.
I deny that the United States can do
safely because of God-given impunity
and destiny those things which in the
past have led to the wreck of nations.
I believe that in state life, in man life, in
morals, in physics like causes will still
produce like effects as from the begin-
ning and so to the end. I believe the
duty of the state to its children is not to
furnish a free education in Latin, Greek,
French, German, drawing, botany, etc.;
that the public school system as a sys-
tem of free education has its sole reason
for being in making better citizens, more
intelligent voters and mothers of voters;
that more constitutional history show-
ing the why and the wherefore of the
downfall of the Roman Republic and
Empire and of the French Empire and
Republic — more study of English con-
stitutional history and of political econ-
omy and less of the "accomplishments"
free gratis from the taxpayer is what is
needed. I believe a closer study of
Bryce's "American Commonwealth" and
Von Hoist's "Constitutional History of
the United States" is what is needed and
less attention to the yawp of the cam-
paign stump speaker, as a rule as ig-
norant as his hearers and not so honest.
I believe all nations have lives as the
tree has, and as the man has, and the
seeds of death are in them all. I think
this great nation will rise as others have
through struggle and simplicity to lux-
ury and corruption from the rule of the
people to the rule of obligarchy, and so
to tyranny, call it by what name you
please — president, cabinet, senate or dic-
tator. Be sure, the name will never
again be harsh; we are too well posted
for that now and too well pleased with
our rattles and toys to notice we are
tied in the chair. And then on the ruins
or readjustment of the United States will
arise a new young giant, and so on till
the sun cools. The very life of the
world is change, and change leads up-
ward to the perfect fruit and downward
to the rotten fruit and the new seed. We
cannot escape this change as a nation
any more than a man can escape youth,
manhood, death.
All we can do, in my belief, is to
so wisely adjust ourselves to true prin-
ciples as to make the growth to ripe-
ness as long and healthy as possible.
That is best done, in my opinion, by
heeding the errors of past nations and
adhering to principle irrespective of
momentary expediency. For example,
the question of the hour is imperialism —
the Philippines. It did not seem well to
us to say we waged war because of the
destruction of the Maine, for it has been
our boast that we originated and fostered
the new international science arbitration.
And as to the two questions: First, Was
the Maine destroyed intentionally by an
outside force? Second, Was Spain mor-
ally the culprit? no verdict was rendered
by an arbitration jury, although Spain
called for arbitration. If the act was
found to be the crime of some fanatic
fiend Spain would still be legally liable,
but not morally, and by the rules of
modern international and private law the
satisfaction would be in full damages,
with punishment to the real offenders.
Had this course been adopted, it is prob-
able that with all of the civilized world
on their track and the temptations to be-
trayal the miscreants would have been
236
THE PACIFIC MONTHL Y.
hung long ago, and one cannot but feel
out of the vengeance of the human heart
that this "would have been more satisfac-
tory than the destruction of Cervera's
fleet and its brave and in this respect in-
nocent complement.
War ought righteously to have some-
thing of hatred in it. It ought to savor
of the bitter fight to the death rather
than the theatrical bout in the prize ring.
This righteous hatred existed in the
Revolutionary war and the war of 1812.
It even existed in the Mexican war be-
cause of massacres and reprisals along
the border. Though the Indian has been
a plundered being from the beginning,
still our actual conflicts with him have
been brought on by his own bloody out-
rages calling for repression and revenge.
But the Spanish war laid aside the plea
of vengeance because the cause was
weak. No one believed the Spanish
government had even tacitly counseled
the barbarism of blowing into eternity
hundreds of men resting in a peaceful
and friendly harbor. So admitting that
the force was an outside torpedo, just
who was in morals responsible for it we
could not fix — and Spain, disclaiming
the act in horror, offered to submit the
whole matter to arbitration. In this
condition and in the modern atmosphere
we ourselves have been so proud of pre-
paring this was not yet casus belli. So
we said we would war for humanity in
general, but limiting our liability to
those next our own doors. Making
haste to assume no knightly duty to the
Armenians, with the holy fervor and sin-
cerity of the Crusader who prayed to
God before he slew the Moslem (and no
one doubts the sincerity of the Crusader),
we announced this was no war of con-
quest, no war to acquire territory, but
we should on taking the burden from our
brother's back return to our own homes
and leave him to his. I think too much
has been made of this early promise, for
it may well be with nations even more
than men that the tremendous march of
events makes futile promises given in
utmost good faith. Still the pride of na-
tion more than the pride of a man
should make it bend every energy and
endure every sacrifice to keep its reputa-
tion as a nation of its word, for if it be
admitted promises mean nothing pro-
vided a good excuse can be found for
the breaking, and excuse will never be
lacking. I believe with nations as with
men the occasion when the promise truly
cannot be kept is a rare one. I think it
has been unfair, too", to laugh at our in-
tent to help the reconcentrados, those
unhappy devils not having been once
thought of after the war began, for what
we were striking at was not the op-
pressor of those particular wretches, but
a system which made wretches in per-
petuity.
If those reconcentrados for whom we
fought found sudden graves, still there
will not be any more reconcentrados.
At the time we declared war against
Spain, Cuba and the Philippines were,
and for a long time had been, in revolt
against that country. We made these
rebels our allies. We ourselves secured
and reconveyed Aguinaldo back to the
Philippines, and we made common
cause against the common enemy. The
result was victory over Spain, peace, and
instead of indemnity to us from Spain we
paid her twenty millions for her sover-
eign rights in the Philippines.
If we as a people choose to do this as
a means toward peace and present the
Filipinos with purchased instead of con-
quered freedom, very well. But if be-
cause we have bought or conquered we
step into the shoes of Spain and hold the
Filipinos in vassalage, it seems to me a
violation of principle, good faith and
good morals. They can justly exclaim
we did not expect to exchange one mas-
ter for another. We can imagine their
feelings if we suppose France, after help-
ing us to shake off the yoke of Great
Britain, had said now you may look to
us for protection and government; you
are now our colony, not England's. Our
proud boast has been that we have
taught the world there can be no just
government save by consent of the gov-
erned. Against this declaration of inde-
pendence, against our solemn promises,
we assert sovereignty over the Philip-
pines and shoot our late allies as rebels.
Of course, the end is easily predicted.
That is not the point. The bad morals
and logic of our position is felt so clearly
that it is avoided rather than met, and
SOME PHASES OF OUR NATIONAL LIFE.
237
canting phrases like "benevolent assim-
ilation" are coined. The trouble with
such benevolence is that the whole ques-
tion is decided by the benevolor, and the
benevolee has nothing to say. When
the wolf ate the lamb for muddying the
water below him, he gave reasons for his
benovelent assimilation — but the real
reason was he liked spring lamb. So
here the real fact is we are drunk. Every
soldier and sailor of the late war deserves
the name of brave man. We have added
deeds of gallantry and courage to our
record. He would be a sorry American
who would belittle the record; yet the
truth remains, speaking comparatively
with our own wars and late European
wars, this war of ours was a pic-nic. It
was the cuffing of a ragged newsboy by
a well-fed man. But it has been so long
since we had that greatest intoxicant ever
known or that will be known — victory in
war — that we became in all things a lit-
tle drunk.
The Philippines are fertile and un-
touched. Our trade is ready for them,
and our ringsters, concessionaires,
grafters and franchise-grabbers water at
the mouth. It is our spring lamb, and
we forget that the water flows down
from us, so we talk of benevolent assim-
ulation.
I am a doctrinaire, theorist, old wom-
an, granny, or some other of the polite
names given in intelligent discussion to
people who do not agree with your
views. And what is most hurled in our
gums is we offer no suggestions. There
are several that could be offered. One,
a radical mode — as reconstruction treat-
ed the freedmen. Do it; and let the con-
sequences take care of themselves. If
the gutters are uncleaned I notice the
disease germs, alas! do not seek out the
board of health or the street commis-
sioner. They take my baby from me or
your wife from you. A 'law has been
violated, and Nature drives her jugger-
naut car recklessly over innocent and
guilty till the error is adjusted.
We could reserve coaling stations.
Say to foreign residents: "The Filipinos
have succeeded in their rebellion, you
can go or stay as you please. We are
going to leave them to work out their
destiny." Say to foreign nations: "This
was our scrap; you keep out of it or we
will have a war in which all America
will join till the last son be slain if neces-
sary." Say to the Filipinos: "Sail in;
do the best you can, and may God have
mercy on your souls."
That would be in keeping will all our
promises, all our principles, but it would
not be keeping much territory, and
here's the rub. There would be trouble,
of course. But a tidal wave does not
swallow itself because a fisherman must
drown. Or we could say: "You Fili-
pinos get together and let's see how you
manage. But any revenge, any sav-
agery, and we will be right here to take a
hand ourselves. Meanwhile as before,
say to the other nations: " 'Keep off.'
This is not at our 'own door,' but still
we shall make it our business." Or we
could say we will exercise temporary
power over Manila only, and we solemn-
ly say it is temporary only, till we see a
civilized government in being.
My own theory is to put matters ex-
actly where they would have been had
the Filipinios succeeded unaided in their
rebellion. That is radical, simple, true
to our promises, our principles of self-
government and our doctrine of non-in-
terference in foreign affairs. I should
let results take care of themselves as
God lets the pestilence eat itself out.
There is no doubt, however, that we are
being influenced not by morals or princi-
ple, but by mercenary motives of trade,
plantations, etc. This is hardly a path
that can be trusted.. It may be the right
one. Chances are, not.
Speaking for the selfish interests of
the people, and not for the bosses, I be-
lieve this distant aggrandizement bad.
By this outside weight broke Rome.
Colonies are fruitful of corruption. They
are removed from the usual restraints.
They are the natural prey of the carpet-
bagger and the schemer. Representa-
tion from them is impossible; yet we
fought the Revolution because of "tax-
ation without representation." They
necessitate a large army and larger navy
— non-producing classes, a drag on the
taxpayers.
Republics (even the Dutch) have never
been good colony makers. To have
colonies there must be a constant and
238
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
efficient military force. Only mon-
archies or single-head executives given
long tenure can be trusted to keep al-
ways an efficient military force and to
keep a single eye on the colonies. There
must be the iron hand at home always
stretched out to the baby.
We are not a concentrated govern-
ment. We are not, in my opinion, a
strong government except as we now
exist. We are already, in my opinion,
tending toward a government of classes.
This assertion is generally met by
howls of derision, and it is pointed that
such groaning Jeremiahs have lamented
since the first formation of the govern-
ment. Yet, nevertheless, in spite of de-
rision, the commonest man feels in his
bones that this is less and less a govern-
ment of and for the people. The senate
represents not the plain people, but the
concentrated wealth of the country. That
seats in the senate are as surely and reg-
ularly bought as was the imperial chair
sold by the Praetorian guards is notor-
ious. If the people, and only the people,
were considered, would Oregon have
passed through an entire session with no
business done and no election? — a feat
Utah has just imitated. No business is
done in Pennsylvania because the bosses
struggle together. The same in Cali-
fornia, the same in Delaware, Nebraska.
Wherever and whenever a senatorial
election comes on, unless the incumbent
has stacked up the legislature with mere
tools, you can depend upon the people's
interest being set aside while two rich
men or men backed by wealth struggle
in bids for the seat.
I think the very difficulties of chang-
ing our written constitutions is a weak-
ness, not a strength. The Oregon con-
stitution meddles with all sorts of details
that have no business in an organic law;
yet it requires four years to even start
the preliminaries to a change, and the
consent of two successive legislatures.
Senator Hoar, in order to obviate the
scandals now incident to every election
of United States senator, is advocating
that after a certain number of ballots the
candidate receiving the plurality shall be
declared elected. I hope the measure
will fail. It will still leave the matter
with the few and make the boss of the
state more powerful than ever. I want
the matter to become so rotten it will
compel a change and send the election
directly to the people. This is only one
of many suggestions to show we are not
by system nor in fact fitted for govern-
ing outside nations.
We do not want to increase our mil-
itary power, a power which necessarily
is at the call of the executive, and under
which as a master France groans today.
We do not want to increase the plunder
for the political bosses and adventurers.
As for trade, we can get it if we deserve
it by buying where we can buy cheapest
and selling where we can sell dearest,
and letting others do the same. Alliances
can be by treaty as well as by force.
These remarks are useless, for they
come from a mere theorist, one of a class
who has never helped the world a particle.
Christ and Luther, and Voltaire, Tom
Paine and Washington, Jefferson and
Garrison and Phillips were theorists.
Captain Kidd was, and Croker and Sena-
tor Hanna are men of action.
11 Mother and Mammy."
Among the ranks of shining saints
Disguised in heavenly splendor,
Two Mother-faces wait for me,
Familiar still and tender.
One face shines whiter than the dawn
And steadfast as a star;
None but my Mother's face could shine
So bright and be so far!
The other dark one leans from heaven,
Brooding and still to calm me;
Black as if ebon Rest had found
Its image in my Mammy!
Howard Weeden in "Shadows on the Wall.'
The Voice of the Silence.
By one of Portland's leading citizens, a prominent member of society, <rvho for the present <wili
remain unnamed. The author, a close student of human nature, holds that character is
stronger than circumstances, and undertakes to illustrate his theory in a decidedly novel and
interesting manner. The hero and heroine, taken from real life, and undoubtedly ivell
knenvn to the majority of our Portland readers, are placed in a vurely fictitious environment,
'cohere they proceed, to tvork out the 'writer's ideas. — Ed.
Chapter IV.
Love seemeth such a wondrous thing
When hearts are young and hopes run
high,
But thoughtless baby love takes wing
When hearts grow old and fond hopes die.
A MAN may live without talking, a
woman will not. The need of a
listener sent Elise early to the ren-
dezvous. In consequence she spent an
impatient half hour upon the beach
waiting- for her companion of yesterday.
The wind, blowing steadily and strongly
from the northwest, lashed the river to a
foaming fury. There was always rough
water at the Point when a good breeze
met the ebb tide as it did today. Be-
yond the tossing white caps the sand
dunes stretched away to the south, gold-
en in the glorious sunlight, and the over-
arching sky gleamed hard and bright as
burnished steel. The rush of the wind
and the sweep and surge of the waves
deadened the heavier sound of the surf.
As Elise neared the Point she saw a
little skiff drawn up on the sands and a
sudden longing came upon her to be out
upon that heaving tide. Since Odin's
departure she had not gone much upon
the water. Though restless and discon-
tented, she was not inclined to physical
exertion — and this was the more surpris-
ing because hitherto in exercise of the
most vigorous sort she had always found
a keen delight. As she stood there
watching the flashing white caps, one
shapely foot upon the gunwale of the
boat, her elbow upon her knee and her
chin resting in her hand she forgot her
loneliness — forgot the tragic half-breed
girl, and Odin, and the past half-year,
and was for the moment the Elise of
former days who missed nothing from
her daily life, having known only soli-
tude and the companionship of Nature.
The gold of the sun, the blue of the sky,
the lift of the waves, the strong steady
push of the wind against cheek and
breast — these thrilled her once more
with all the old-time joy. It was as if
she had suddenly awakened from a sick-
ly sweet and troubled dream to the glor-
ious realities of a healthful daytime ex-
istence. She stood up, straightening
her lithe figure to its full height and
turned her face to the wind, lifting her
lips to meet its kiss and her breasts as to
the welcome pressure of a lover's vigor-
240
THE PACIFIC mONTHLY.
ous embrace. And no human suitor ever
wooes with the inspiring passion of the
north wind, no kisses stir the heart and
set the inmost chords of being aquiver
with the echoed music of the spheres
like its kisses upon cheek and lips and
brow.
She looked around presently with a
start of surprise. The handsome half-
breed was standing close beside her. The
girl laughed. She was neatly dressed
today and her black hair hung in two
shining heavy braids almost to her knees.
"I did not know you were near," ex-
claimed Elise.
"Did I scare you?" asked the girl,
showing her white teeth in amusement.
"That is the Indian in me. I can go soft
like a panther."
Elise glanced down at the skiff. "Can
you row?" she said. For answer the
girl laid her brown hands upon the gun-
wale and shoved the light craft down
the sands into the water, where it rocked
perilously.
"Let us cross," cried Elise, pointing
to the opposite shore. The noise of the
wind and waves all but drowned the
sound of her voice, but the girl under-
stood and held the boat steady for Elise
to step in. It was the work of a mo-
ment— that embarking — but a moment
fraught with difficulty and danger. For
the wind caught the prow of the skiff
and swung it round and before they
could get hold of an oar they were in
the trough of the sea and drenched to
the skin. A flat-bottomed boat is never
a safe sort of a vessel in which to navi-
gate rough water, and in a sea like this
— both girls knew what would happen if
the wind caught them broadside on the
crest of a wave, and each instinctively
grasped an oar and fell to work with set
teeth and tightened muscles to avert the
catastrophe. When they were at last
head to the wind they found themselves
far out in mid-stream, tossed up and
down on the great white crests and show-
ered by the salt spray with shattered
rainbows. They said no word, but as
they exchanged swift glances they
laughed for very joy. They were be-
come a part of that splendid tumult of
wind and wave, summer sunlight and
leaping color. Fear! One loses the
sense of it in moments such as these, and
is intoxicated, held in thralls by the
triplicate of motion, sight and sound.
The tide carried them seaward and the
wind beat them back. But they landed
wet and glowing on the yellow sands,
and drawing their boat up out of the
reach of the tide which might turn be-
fore they came back, set out across the
shifting dunes toward the white surf
line. It was a good* two miles, and by
the time they had covered the distance
their wet garments were effectually dried
by the sun and the wind. They sought
out a sheltered spot in the lee of a
mighty redwood brought in mid-winter
storms from the south and flung here
high and dry upon this desolate shore to
whiten under a northern sky.
They threw themselves down upon the
warm sand and gazed at each other in
silence. After all there was not much
between them that could be put into
speech. A certain kinship of spirit, a
sympathy and an understanding that
went deeper than words, drew them to-
gether. Therefore though they spent
the whole afternoon together, they ex-
changed no confidences and knew as lit-
tle of each other's history when they
turned their faces from the setting sun
and loitered homeward in the gathering
twilight as if they had not met. The
wind had fallen and the tide was running
swiftly in wide, flattening waves. Their
boat was already lifting on the ground
swell, and they stepped in and pushed
off. It was the work of a few minutes to
row to the further shore, and Elise
helped to draw the skiff up across the
narrowing beach and secure it for the
night. There would be a high tide, for
the moon was near its full.
"Good night," said Elise when, their
task concluded, they reluctantly sep-
arated. "Come tomorrow."
"Yes," was the reply. "Yes, tomor-
row."
But it was not to be. Just before noon
of the next day an Indian woman mount-
ed the steps to the pine grove and
knocked at the cabin door, which Elise,
wondering, opened to her. She wore a
gaily colored shawl about her head and
shoulders, holding it close under her
chin with one small brown hand. Both
THE VOICE OF THE SILENCE.
241
the hand and the chin were richly
tatooed, but the broad blue bands, and
anchors and stars were not able to alto-
gether obliterate the symmetry of the
one or the womanly beauty of the other.
"You know my girl Nanita?" she
queried, her voice as low and soft as the
breath of summer. "She cannot come.
She cry because you told her to come
and she cannot."
The Indian woman's eyes fell; the
shadow deepened upon her face. "She
sick,'' she said sadly. "The baby come
last night. The poor little baby that no-
body wants, and Nanita turn her face to
the wall and cry."
A wave of color swept up over the
face of the young girl and fled, leaving
lier pale with the sudden revelation of
the nearness of a great mystery. The
mystery of life, of maternity. Some-
thing in her own breast awoke and
•claimed recognition. Yet she felt rather
than understood the meaning of it, for
lier thoughts were but confused, half-
lights just then.
"Why do you say that?" cried Elise,
"and why does Nanita cry?"
The Indian woman shook her head
slowly. "Nanita not want him," she
sighed. "I not know what to do."
"Oh!" exclaimed Elise — and then was
silent. Here was a greater mystery still,
and by this she was vaguely troubled.
But the baby — there sprang up in her
heart an instant yearning for the little
new-born waif whose mother did not
want him. And Nanita was ill. When
people were ill they died; at least it had
been so in her limited experience. She
remembered her father and Satla — both
of whom had sickened and "gone away,"
and now it was Nanita, her companion
of yesterday. Oh, it was cruel — not to
be borne! She leaned against the rough
frame of the door and covering her face
with her hands burst into a passion of
tears.
The Indian woman regarded her with
a certain quiet sympathy which expressed
itself in her great softly luminous black
eyes. She could not weep. The hard-
ships of semi-civilization, coupled with
the natural stoicism of her race, preclud-
ed the possibility of tears, but a woman's
heart, the mother-heart is always the
same, be the breast beneath which it
beats black, or brown, or white as the
driven snow.
"Don't cry," she said, her voice ten-
derly cadenced — a mingled murmur of
the wind and the waves in summer twi-
light.
Elise lifted her tear-stained face. "It
is for Nanita that I weep," she mur-
mured. "For Nanita because she will
die."
"No, I think she will not die."
"Not die!" cried Elise. "Oh, I am so
glad, so glad." She clasped her hands
impulsively and her eyes through her
tear-hung lashes, shone like stars in a
mist. "Tell her not to be unhappy.
Tell her I am her friend, and I am glad
about the baby! Do you think" — tim-
idly— reaching out her clasped hands
and then drawing them back against her
breast, "I might see it? Would Nanita
object?"
"No, I think she not care. Some day
you come. Good-by."
The Indian woman moved away swift-
ly and silently as a shadow. As she
reached the top step of the flight leading
down to the beach, Elise called to her
and came running down the path.
"Wait!" she cried. "Take this; it is
for the baby."
It was a small square shawl of some
soft Oriental weave heavily wrought in
scarlet and gold — a gorgeous bit of
color, and fit to wrap an infant prince for
fineness. But to Elise it was only a bit
of bright cloth that might please the
young mother. It had been among her
possessions ever since she could remem-
ber, and she occasionally during the past
winter had worn it about her bare
shoulders when she sat in the firelight
with Odin. The woman took it with a
murmured word of thanks. Her face
lightened with gratitude and pleasure.
She was touched by the kindness that
prompted the gift, and the gift itself ap-
pealed to her barbaric love of color.
242
THE PACIFIC 8M0NTHLY.
Chapter V.
Love, crimson-throated, sang to him,
Through golden days and nights,
He steeled his heart, he would not hear,
Or heed love's dear delights.
Then Love spread wide his purple wings,
And hushed his silver soug,
And he who would not listen hears
Its echo all day long.
EARLY in October Odin returned.
With him came Hanson and Han-
son's daughter Nellie. From her
father first and later from Odin, when
she questioned him, Nellie heard much
about the beautiful white girl in the
cabin in the pine-grove. She guessed at
the truth of the situation as a woman is
apt to do when her own heart is in any
way involved. And while it was not
within the bounds of nature not to feel
resentment, she was altogether too sweet
and fair-minded to lay it up against the
stranger. And she had a not unfeminine
curiosity to see this "Moon-child" of the
solitude.
Odin's first thought on landing was of
Elise. Indeed, during these three long
months she had not been out of his mind
for many consecutive moments. He
had not written. There was, he felt,
nothing to say that could be put upon
paper, — but he had yearned in every
fibre of his being to see her, to feel again
the touch of her hands, her lips, the
yielding pressure of her form, warm and
strong. When he recalled, as he did a
thousand times, the tenderness of her
words, the music of her voice, her loving
glances, and the lavish unsought caress-
es, he cursed his own seeming coldness,
and the stern sense of duty that had held
him in its iron grasp,unresponsive. It came
to him, too, that he had been unneces-
sarily cruel, had hurt her when he might
have been kind. If she loved him as she
said, and the conviction grew upon him
that she did, he would throw prudence
to the winds — and marry her at once.
Fortune seemed inclined to smile upon
him now. He stood well with the com-
pany. There was no reason why he
might not take a wife if he desired. As
for the future — he put the thought of it
resolutely away. If he failed to make
her happy, if she should come in time
to regret having married him — but he
got no further than that. It was enough
that he could secure her present happi-
ness. The picture that presented itself
when he recalled their parting and her
pleading cry, "Beloved, I cannot live
without you! If you must go, take me
with you!" tortured his overwrought
conscience with scorpion whips. He
thought of her loneliness, her helpless-
ness, her unprotected days and nights in
the little cabin. No, it was not right —
not to be endured. She should hence-
forth ask nothing of him that he would
withhold, and when they met again he
would take her in his arms and tell her
all that he hitherto had left unsaid.
Hungering for the sight of her, he
cALASKA.
243
watched with eager eyes from the deck
of the schooner as they came swiftly in
upon the flood that breathless afternoon,
past the pine grove that sheltered her
■cabin. But he saw nothing save the rus-
tic gable, the flight of steps and the path
losing itself in the shadows of the trees.
The sun was sinking into the sea, a globe
of molten gold that seemed to tip and
spill its liquid splendor upon the dark-
ening purple of the ocean's rim, when
free at last from the confusion of. disem-
barking, Odin hurried along the beach
and mounted the steps to the cabin. He
half-expected to find her waiting and
watching for him — but the door was
closed. It was not until he had knocked
a second time that he observed that the
place wore an air of unwonted desola-
tion. He knocked again, and his heart
sank when no welcome voice bade him
enter. Evidently she did not know of
his arrival. She might be out upon the
hills, or over on the ocean beach. He
tried the door; it was not locked and he
went in. The bare floor echoed to his
tread. It was almost dark in there, but
still light enough for him to see that the
place was empty — uninhabited. • Elise
was gone.
(To be continued.)
Alaska.
"By GEORGE €M. FILLER.
THE district of Alaska embraces the
most northwesterly portion of the
western continent. It has a front-
age on the Pacific ocean of 2,178 statute
miles, beginning at latitude 54^ degrees
north and longitude 130^ west and ex-
tending northwesterly to 6o£ degrees
north and 146 degrees west; thence
southwesterly to 52 degrees north and
175 degrees west. Its frontage on Beh-
ring sea extends from 52 degrees north
in a northerly direction to 72 degrees
north and 165 degrees west a distance of
1,390 miles, and on the Arctic ocean
from 165 degrees west easterly to 141
degrees west, which parallel forms the
•division line with the British N. W. Ter-
ritory. The above lines embrace both
land and water, of which about 600,000
square miles is estimated as land. These
measurements do not include the numer-
ous shore indentures formed by bays,
inlets, sounds, etc., which, if added, in-
crease the shore line of Alaska to some-
thing like 25,000 miles.
The area of Alaska is more than twice
that of Norway, Sweden and Denmark
combined, where nearly 9,000,000 per-
sons, or 29 to the square mile, find sup-
port. I make comparisons between
Alaska and the above three countries
because they are situated in the same
northern latitude, and therefore subject
to similar climatic and other natural con-
ditions. We find the warm ocean cur-
rents of the Pacific washing the north-
ern shores of this continent just as the
gulf stream of the Atlantic flows against
the northern shores of the eastern con-
tinent, and similar climatic conditions
result, so that it is not surprising that in
southern Alaska bloom the bluebells
and purple heather of Scotland.
Possessing the same natural condi-
tions as Norway, Sweden and Denmark,
Alaska is probably capable of sustain-
ing an equally dense population. As il-
lustrating the adaptability of this zone
for human habitation, I cite the fact that
in Russia, the great city of St. Peters-
burg, containing over one million popu-
lation, is situated on latitude 59 degrees
56 minutes north, which is 330 miles
farther north than the southern limits of
Alaska, present population of which ap-
portions to each man, woman and child
an area of fifteen square miles. Fully one-
half of the inhabitants are natives, bear-
ing a close facial resemblance to the
Japanese race, of which they are sup-
244
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
posed to be an offshoot. Those living
along the coast have excellent board
houses, usually painted white. They
are strong, well-built fellows, excelling
the average Anglo-Saxon in endurance.
They are superstitious to a degree, and
easily demoralized by contact with civil-
ization.
Alaska's magnificent stretch of sea-
shore is indented at conventient inter-
vals by bays and inlets of sufficient depth
to accommodate the largest of our men-
of-war. Many of these deep-water chan-
nels extend inland far beyond the range
of an enemy's guns, where cities may be
built with fortifications as impregnable
as those of Gibralter. This whole coast
line has a climate that is but a trifle more
severe than that of the Washington and
Oregon, and many degrees milder than
that of the Dakotas, Northern Michigan
and Wisconsin. The hardy vegetables,
clover, timothy, oats and barley flourish
and there are stretches where many thou-
sands acres of arable land are still un-
claimed.
From the foregoing it will be seen the
need of Alaska today is more people.
The political importance of the territory
is apparent when we reflect that it affords
room for at least twenty millions of men,
with latent resources sufficient to make
them a thrifty people. If, in the course of
human events, Canada and the United
States come under one government the
possession of Alaska will assume an im-
portance not now appreciated. When we
consider the fact that from 1881 to 1890
more than 392,000 Canadians immigrat-
ed to the United States, thus showing
their preference for our government, it
seems not improbable that in due course
of time, the whole coast from Mexico to
Behring Straits may be united under one
flag. The Canadian people are our first
cousins and next-door neighbors. We
have been playing in each other's back
yards for lo, these many years. To tear
down the fence and make one big play-
ground might make even the "Czar of
Peace" open his eyes. The resources of
Alaska are almost wholly untouched. As
a field for the expansion this territory
certainly has a hopeful future.
Beauty.
(A thing of beauty is a joy forever. — Keats.)
A color on the evening landscape fell,
A rosy flushing, as in northern night
The aurora paints the pole-star's citadel;
It touched the wintry mountain's vestal
white
With tints from petals of the summer's rose
And softly bathed the vales with ruddy
light,
And wrapped the forest where the deer re-
pose.
Up floated from the west a golden mist,
And broadened in the east a zone of blue,
Above lay stretched a veil of amethyst
And clouds, the setting sun to hide from
view,
In gold and ruby blent, did draw anear,
But more than color must a scene imbue
E'er it shall grow to be a mem'ry dear.
Oh not well ordered scenes, not light and
shade,
Not flowing rivers, .not the waterfalls —
Resounding through the far-extended glade
Not high up-lifted distant mountain walls
Bathed softly in the glowing sunset's dyes,
Not objects of themselves, where beauty
thralls,
Can bring the soul up in the straining eyes.
Some subtle influence shines out through it
all-
Some secret ray unseen to corporeal eye,
Is yet revealed through Nature's outward
wall
To spirit seeing. This can never die,
For what is beauty but soul harmony
Once seen, forever held in memory.
Francis M. Gitt^
A Fantasy in E Minor.
<By ORAARV.
THE light was out, and the moonlight
shining softly through the half-
opened windows, harmonized with
the music. And ah, such music! — a
young soul, sweet and strong, thrilled
with the beauty and meaning of life,
speaking in melody, unrestrained and
free, the thoughts, the feelings, the as-
pirations, the lofty purpose, the tender-
ness, the vaguely defined passion that
words are inadequate to express.
I listened there, leaning back upon the
pillows, and was lifted and borne upon
the silver tide of that imprisoned wailing
voice. Beneath a summer sky, where
sunny foot-hills run down to the wooded
banks of a crystal river, I drifted and
heard the birds singing sleepily and soft,
and the ripples kissing the pebbled shore
in the golden afternoon. All was peace.
There was a sense of brooding calm, the
absolute content of the spirit that is
merged in dreams:
"In dreams rose-misted, golden, full of odor-
ous delights."
Down the river of Youth, long since
forgotten, I drifted through a blissful
eternity:
"For they care naught for heaven who are
rocked upon this tide,
Who have caught the golden gleaming
Of that amber light, far-streaming,
Ah they indeed, have little heed
For aught -n life beside!"
Then the theme changed, the melody
deepened, a tender chord crept in with
a wailing, ever-increasing insistence.
Then — then it was no longer the strings
of the violin, but the strings of my heart
that quivered beneath his bow, — a rap-
ture that was pain, a joy that was ex-
quisite torture, the pleasure that stings
to the touch — I caught my breath at
times as his strong wrist swept the bow
across the bare and bleeding strings with
merciless power. But just when the
ecstacy became too intense to be longer
borne, the music mellowed and softened.
The senses, keyed to the keenest ten-
sion, were now steeped in a langourous
sweet calm that seemed
"To sap the soul's vitality,
To rob life of reality,
To heal the smart of the torn heart
With honey-fragrant balm."
Softer and more sensuous grew the
strains, — persuasive, suggestive, irresist-
ably sweet.
But, — O the exaltation of the notes
that followed ! A voice calling from the
mountain tops, clear, unfaltering, vibrat-
ing with a passion not of earth but of
heaven, a command before whose trum-
pet tone the baser nature dissolved into
nothingness, and only the divine long-
ing that is our claim to kinship with
Deity remained. And as I listened the
voice grew stronger, swelled into a ce-
lestial chorus that swept up from the
moonlight-misted mountain crest to the
ramparts of Paradise and floated back,
clear and sweet, a strain so pure and
strong that from the first note to the last
it was sustained, unbroken.
Other moods succeeded, full of deter-
mination, and of the vigor of youth
whose enthusiasm is undimmed, and
daunted at no difficulty, breathing some-
times of disappointment, of doubt, but
never of despondency.
After the music we had coffee, sitting
in the dim light dreaming and talking.
When he went away he left the violin in
its case, leaning against the chair by the
window. And I, when I had said good
night, went back to my cushions upon
the couch. It was not a night that was
conducive to sleep. Moonlight is too
precious to be wasted.
Sitting there, still shaken with the joy
of the music which had glorified the
room, and seeing all things, past, present
and to come, through a silver moon-lit
radiance, my eyes 'chanced to fall upon
the violin-case leaning against the chair.
I swept my hand across my eyes and
looked again. Was I awake or dream-
ing?
The case was open (its owner had
closed and locked it before he went
away), and the violin glowed with a
246
THE TACIFIC MONTHLY.
faint, but steadily increasing white light
as if it were gathering and drawing into
its luminous strings all the moonbeams
of the warm winter night.
Gradually as I looked the case faded
from sight. A long-drawn quivering
sigh breathed through the room. I
started and glanced half-fearfully about.
When my eyes again sought the lumi-
nant violin it had disappeared. In its
place a slender shaft of dense white light
gleamed and wavered, and opened as the
leaves of a book are opened, revealing
a form so graceful, a face so exquisite
in its loveliness that my very heart stood
still for wonder of it.
Victor Hugo says there are times
when the soul kneels, no matter what
may be the attitude of the body. My
spirit went down in reverence before that
lovely vision and my eyes filled with
sudden tears, for the beauty of that per-
fect face was softened, not dimmed, by a
nameless sorrow.
Again that low shivering sigh shook
the silence of the narrow room, and
though I uttered no word my whole be-
ing went out in sympathy to my unbid-
den guest. She smiled — oh the raptur-
ous tenderness of her smile!
"You are a woman and you can under-
stand." Did she speak the words? I
do not know. I only know that I caught
the meaning of the soft music that stole,
low and still, upon my ear.
"You have listened, and you have felt
my pain and thrilled with my joy when
my lover played upon the living strings
of my heart. Only a woman who has
loved and suffered as I love and suffer
can know, only a woman who has been
swayed by the leaping flame of a fruit-
less passion, who has beaten with bruised
and bleeding palms against the prison-
bars of relentless fate, who has staked all
for love's sake and lost it through time
and eternity, can see, or hear, or under-
stand. I strive to speak to him. He
said — I heard him tell you — that often
when he held me close and told me all
his thoughts and feelings, his hopes and
fears and aspirations, I seemed to re-
spond, I was for him no longer a violin,
but a human soul who answered mood
for mood and hope for hope, who under-
stood and sympathized, a friend whom he
could trust, who never failed him.
"But, ah, he does not dream of all I
am, all I would be to him. He is young,
aglow with the fire and passion of youth.
He goes where I do not. Warm rose-
white bosoms, warm gold of "perfumed
tresses, loving glances and tender clasp-
ing arms — ah how shall I weave a spell
potent enough to preserve him from
temptations like these? Could he but
see me once, as you see me now, but for
one moment taste the sweetness of my
lips and feel the radiance of my smile no
other woman, though beautiful as day,
could have the power to hold him for a
single instant. All kisses after mine
would be as wormwood after the balm of
wild honey in the comb. Nearest and
dearest of all the world to him I am, and
must ever be; but you are a woman and
you know when a woman loves she must
have everything or nothing. I am a
jealous mistress. And alas, I have but
one charm to hold him against a world
of womankind. Only my voice answers
when he touches my heart-strings, and
others may lure him by a thousand
graces. What is the strength of a tone
compared to lips that kiss and arms that
twine? Can a man's craving for com-
panionship be satisfied with a sound
alone?
"I am a prisoner, and he, only, can
unlock my prison doors. In the name
of your own fruitless love, and ill-spent
passion I implore you to help him find
the key. Save me from a fate like yours
and in the sight of heaven and the angels
it will be counted in your favor. So you
may win, in some dim far-off fashion, a
reflex happiness for your own."
The music ceased, dying away in a
tender cadence. The light began to
fade.
"I promise," I cried. "Oh, my sister
— ior love and pain have made us kin —
I promise, but tell me how. Oh, do not
leave me yet ! Your story is half-told" —
But before the words had left my lips
the beautiful vision vanished. I rubbed
my eyes and sat up. The moonlight
shone in at the window and showed me
the violin-case closed and leaning
against the chair just as its owner had
left it. And yet — I am sure I was not
asleep and dreaming.
The "Kid."
<By BESSIE MAY GUINEAN.
HIS own name was Frank Templeton,
but in that wild, Western country
it seemed the most natural thing
in the world that he should be known
simply as the "Kid." He won this
sobriquet from his extremely youthful
appearance. In reality he was not
young. He had long ago passed the
meridian of youth and ran the gamut of
the world's excesses and pleasures. He
had come West to recuperate his shat-
tered health and fortunes; to get away
from every one who had ever known
him in the old days; that is the reason
he had chosen this new mining camp as
his stopping place. There was another
reason, too, which had been largely in-
strumental in inducing him to make the
change. Back "home," in "the states,"
he had a little sweetheart who watched
and waited for his return. She had had
faith in him when every man's hand had
seemingly been turned against him. It
was for her sake that he struggled to re-
form.
He did not have capital enough to
buy a mine, and the hard, poorly paid
life of .the average miner did not appeal
to him. So he hung around camp, mak-
ing friends with the boys, doing such
odd jobs as came his way and waited
patiently for an opening. It came soon-
er than he anticipated. The night clerk
of the only hotel in camp was one night
killed by a member of the lawless ele-
ment which infests suck places, and the
"Kid," having a superior education, was
asked to take his place. The work itself
was not hard, but the danger was great.
Large sums of money were daily de-
posited in the hotel safe by the miners,
and unless he kept a sharp lookout he
was liable to share the untimely fate of
his predecessor.
He entered upon his duties with many
grave misgivings, but as time wore on
and nothing happened he gradually for-
got his fears. In case of an emergency
he kept his pistol close at hand. "If the
time ever comes to shoot, shoot quick
and without mercy," he had been told.
But he never felt that he would like to
do that. Deep down in his heart was a
settled conviction, but where he got it he
never knew, that there was a soft spot in
every man's nature that could be ap-
pealed to. He was always a little bit
ashamed of this thought because he con-
sidered it an evidence of weakness on his
part. Nevertheless so strong a hold did
it have on him that he privately resolved,
should the time ever come, to make a
test case of it, and then, if necessary,
shoot afterwards, for the "Kid" was not
a coward.
The day had been intolerably hot. It
was 2:30 in the morning, and the "Kid,"
tired, sleepy and exhausted from the un-
accustomed heat of the day, sat blinking
on a high stool behind the counter and
yawning sleepily. He was the sole oc-
cupant of the office. Even the lusty-
lunged miners, who used to bear him
company, had succumbed and turned in
His eyes wandered to the hands of the
office clock, and he noted the lagging
hours with growing impatience. He
took out a book and tried to read, but
could not concentrate his thought on the
printed page before him. A feeling of
impending disaster, which he could not
shake off, crept over him. That day an
unusually large sum of money had been
deposited in the safe by one of the min-
ers who had "cleaned up," and was go-
ing home. "Going home!" The words
rang like a knell in his ears. When
would he' see his dear old home again,
and Doris -? He closed the book
hastily, jumped from the stool and
started for the front door ; the cool, fresh
morning air would no doubt dispel his
illusions. He had his hand on the low,
swinging gate which would admit him
to the outer office, when he was sudden-
ly stopped and found himself gazing into
248
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
the gleaming muzzle of a revolver, while
a gruff voice commanded :
"Stand right where you are, pard!"
Then he was told to open the safe. He
did it with trembling fingers.
"Now hand out your money and be
quick about it!" was the robber's next
command. The "Kid" hesitated; for the
first time the full measure of his respon-
sibility rested upon him. With a mut-
tered imprecation, the robber told him
to hold up his hands and then went
through the safe himself. When the
"Kid" saw the money intrusted to his
care stolen before his eyes his blood
boiled, he forgot all about his senti-
mental ideas of appealing to the robber's
better nature —
How it happened no one knew, but a
few hours later the "Kid" was found on
the office floor with a bullet wound in his
side, surrounded by every evidence of a
struggle.
Tender hands carried him upstairs, but
the veterinary surgeon, the only doctor
in camp, shook his head ominously when
he saw him.
The "Kid" lay in the best bedroom
with closed eyes. and a smile upon his
lips. During the day he had been de-
lirious and had spoken constantly of
"Doris"; when the heat of the day had
spent itself the fever wore away and he
lay in a sort of stupor.
All was quiet in and about the house;
the noisy voices of the miners had sunk
to an awed whisper. No man about the
camp had been more universally ad-
mired for his never-failing good nature
and accommodating disposition than the
"Kid." During the afternoon a meet-
ing behind closed doors was held in the
hotel parlor; when it was over a handful
of sturdy, determined looking men is-
sued forth, mounted their ponies and
rode away.
Some time later one of the watchers
beside the "Kid's" bedside arose softly
and stepping over to the window drew
aside the curtain and raised the sash; as
he did so a smothered exclamation es-
caped him; then the other watchers
hurried toward the window and looked
out, then stepped back hastily, carefully
readjusting the shade as they did so.
The man on the bed lay perfectly mo-
tionless. So quiet was he that had it
not been for his fitful, irregular breath-
ing they would have thought him dead.
All at once he stretched out his arms,
and half rising to a sitting posture,
called out in a loud, clear voice: "Doris,
I am coming!" and fell back — dead.
At that moment the men who had
gone forth that afternoon tip-toed into
the room, and saw the motionless form
on the bed with the sheet drawn over the
face.
"Boys, we did a good job that time,"
whispered a big, red-shirted miner, in a
voice rendered hoarse from emotion as
he nodded toward the window, and his
companions gave silent assent.
jfk
*
:2r^
*vj'
m
Our Point of View
For a world as old and experienced as
ours, there is a surprising lack of com-
mon sense in the educational theories of
today. And yet it is granted at once that
there is no question which should have
more fully occupied the minds of the
greatest philosophers and the clearest
thinkers of every age and community than
that which has to do with education. It
is impossible to overestimate the im-
portance of such a question. In its
varied aspects it involves the successful
prosecution of every form of human ac-
tivity, the happiness of the individual and
the welfare of the state. Yet the world
as a whole has always been strangely
unconcerned and apathetic in the matter.
No great international convention has
been called to discuss and decide the
proper studies to be pursued, nor indeed
have the nations themselves taken that
serious interest in the question which its
character warrants. Educational prog-
ress has been the result of spasmodic at-
tempts to improve the condition of af-
fairs. Consequently it has been very
slow. Today we are teaching the same
subjects that were taught five hundred
years ago — a little Greek, a little Latin,
a little Mathematics* It is true that some
considerable advance has been made in
methods during this century, but when
we compare it with the hundreds of years
during which .educational progress was
practically at a standstill, it sinks into
insignificance. In spite of the attempts,
however, that have been made to im-
prove educational systems, the vital
point, a practical education — one adapt-
ed to real needs — seems to have been al-
most wholly lost sight of. There were, it
is true, leaders here and there who saw far
more clearly than their contemporaries the
faults and weaknesses of the system, but
no concerted movement was made to get
at the real purpose of education and ap-
ply it to the growing mind, or if any at-
tempt was made by a small coterie it died
an ineffectual death. The history of edu-
cation shows, then, that a haze has ob-
scured the minds of men in regard to
one of the most important influences in
molding the world's character and prog-
ress. Stranger to relate, the haze has
not entirely lifted even today. What is
the purpose of education? We say it is to
prepare one for the duties of life. Unfor-
tunately it falls very far short of this.
The young man or young woman who
completes the entire educational system
as it exists in our country today has sim-
ply been systematically trained to do
clear thinking. So far as this is adapted
to practical needs so far is our education
practical. The greater part of the sys-
tem, however, is of an aesthetic nature.
And yet with all its deficiencies, the
man with a college education is three
thousand times better off than the man
without it. But the conviction is forc-
ing itself more and more persistently
upon thinking men and women that
eight years of academic and collegiate
study should have a more tangible re-
sult than merely a cultured and well-or-
ganized mind. While the cultivation of
the aesthetic side of things should never
be lost sight of, our educational system
should be, and is capable of being, made
far more effective than it is today. Let
us come to some definite agreement as
to the purpose of education, and then
arrange our curriculum accordingly. Is
it to make good citizens? Then let us
have more economics, more civil gov-
ernment, more discussions on national
issues in our high schools and academies
and less botany, less language, less math-
ematics. Is it to fit the student for the
duties and responsibilities of life? Then
let us brush aside some cobwebs that
have obscured the light these many cen-
turies, and force common sense into the
question. Let us stop cramming the
mind with absolutely useless stuff from
the primary school to the post-graduate
couse. Let us teach the student those
things that have direct and vital relation
to the activities and responsibilities of
life. English should be so taught that
250
THE 'PACIFIC MONTHLY.
the student will, after twelve years of
study in the grammar and high schools,
have at least a good knowledge of Eng-
lish literature, with more than ordinary
ability to express himself. Let thorough-
ness be the watchword instead of super-
ficiality.
Of all the faults of our educational sys-
tem, however, none stand out so glar-
ingly as those which have to do with the
education of women. It is here that we
find our system most inconsistent and
most ineffective. The eight years that a
man spends in academic and collegiate
training, whatever they may really ac-
complish, are intended ostensibly to pre-
pare him for the duties of life — his
chosen profession or calling. The four
years that he spends in the medical col-
lege or in the study of law or dentistry
or the ministry or in any definite branch
of learning finish his education. What-
ever he may think of the other years
spent with this end in view, the last four
are certainly efficacious. He is prepared
to do something. There is nothing
in the education of women, as we
seem to conceive it today, to cor-
respond to this. Her education is
almost purely aesthetic. The few at-
tempts that are made to teach her
something of household duties and re-
sponsibilities may be laughed to scorn,
since the few colleges for women which
have attempted anything of the kind
have generally limited their curricula
in this regard to washing dishes and
making beds! The weighty questions in-
volved in the matter are put lightly aside
without consideration, and the minds of
the young women are filled with stuff
than cannot possibly be of practical
value. And yet to the woman who pro-
poses to undertake the responsibilities of
married life what can be of more import-
ance than a thorough understanding of
household management and a grasp of
the intricate problems of domestic econ-
omy? The happiness of a home, the suc-
cess of the entire experiment of marriage,
as well as the foundation of the family
and hence the security of the state are
dependent upon these things far more
than we may be inclined to admit. And
yet there are women today who prate
about "women's rights" as if such were
the panacea for all the wrongs that are
existent, when our educational system is
so poorly adapted to the needs of women
that it is becoming a menace to our
homes, and a cry is going up for women
— leaders — to reform the state of affairs.
For it is a serious and startling fact that
as a rule the young women of today
know less and care less about domestic
problems than those of any other gener-
ation in our history. Whether this alarm-
ing tendency to belittle the home is the
result of our educational system (in that
it may, by neglecting its proper sphere,
bring about that result), or whether it
is the outcome of social conditions which
follow the degeneration of democratic
simplicity to "imperialism," is a question
too involved to be considered here. The
remedy, however, is not hard to find.
Change the curricnlt* of studies in
seminaries, girls' high schools and col-
leges so that the things of practical value
will be taught and an interest aroused in
the questions which must be met and
decided in the home. The field is large
and inviting. There is nothing that has
more fascination for a woman when she
once becomes interested in the subject.
Appeal to this natural interest, and by
teaching household management and its
kindred subjects to the young women
who are to rule our homes, thev can be
•
made brighter and more comfortable, the
family more prosperous and the nation
more stable. The practical elements are.
therefore, what we believe to be most
needed in our educational system; for it
is by the introduction in our curricula of
those subjects that appeal to our com-
mon sense that not only our young
women can reach the true ideal of Amer-
ican womanhood, and in large measure
be the preservative factor in our nation,
but that our young men can be made
much more efficient in business and pro-
fessional life and better and wiser citi-
OUR "POINT OF VIEW.
251
Kipling, Kitchener and Dewey! The
men of war and the man of letters ! We
worship our heroes, but we love our
story-tellers. We fire salutes over the
graves of our victorious warriors and
heap them with gorgeous floral tributes,
but where sleep beneath the sod our
Stevensons, our Byrons and our Fields
we plant sweet violets and water them
with our tears. When the author of the
immortal Jungle Books lay ill in New
York and very near the brink of that
dark river which divides this land of
mortality from the great Unknown, the
love of the English-speaking people
went up in one unbroken prayer to Om-
nipotence to leave, us yet a little longer
the companionship of this singer — this
seer who is still too young to have deliv-
ered his message in full. America, no
less than England, pays loving tribute to
this genius of the age. Kipling belongs
not to any one country or people, but to
the world — to humanity. He has been
charged with saying unkind things of
America and Americans. The accusa-
tion is unjust. He has simply written
of us as he found us, and because he saw
us as we were, as we are, and said so, we
cried out and complained. The truth
is often bitter, and when we sit for our
pictures we want the photographer to do
a deal of retouching. Kipling's photo-
graphs of men and things are pitilessly
exact. He never goes to the pains of
transforming a mole into a dimple. But
there is no evidence of ill-nature, no sign
of malice in this truthfulness to nature.
There is rather a large-hearted, rugged,
fraternal affection. For he accepts as
"brothers in blood" the strong and the
true, no matter what their faults may be.
To him —
"There is neither east nor west,
Border nor breed nor birth;
Where two strong men stand face to face
Though tbey come from the ends of the
earth."
' 'Tis the way the good Lord has in
makin' us cowards continted with our
lot, that he never med a brave man yet
that wasn't half a fool," remarks Mr.
Dooley, discoursing upon the interesting
subject of "Me Frind Hobson." But
just now We are strongly impelled to call
Mr. Dooley 's attention to, at least, one
exception. Admiral Dewey, in refusing
to allow his name to be used as a candi-
date for the presidency in 1900, seems
determined to leave the world one hero
without a flaw. The title of president
could not add lustre to a name already
crowned with martial glory, and Admiral
Dewey is a greater man upon the deck
of his flagship than he could possibly be
in the presidential chair. Indeed, it does
not always follow that a great general
and a brave warrior make a good presi-
dent. ,
Just how far the responsibility of the
state should operate in matters of educa-
tion has always been a fruitful subject
of speculation. While the more thought-
ful and intelligent men have, as a rule,
favored an increase of this responsibility,
there has always been a class which has
vigorously opposed it. The latter have
maintained, though unsuccessfully, that
it is not the function of government to
provide for the higher education of its
future citizens, or to undertake any re-
sponsibility toward the youth other than
the training which the "grammar"
schools give. It has stood for a mini-
mum of responsibility in all matters. An
exponent of this theory was discussing
the question editorially a few years ago,
and in the course of his remarks ex-
claimed: "We shall soon see the state
usurping the duties of parents, and
washing the faces and combing the hair
of the scholars." This he considered the
ne plus ultra of irony, but it has actually
come to pass that in one of our larger
cities the ragged, unkempt urchins who
attend the public schools have their faces
washed and are put in a respectable con-
dition before they are permitted to enter
the school room. The resolution, recent-
ly adopted in Bavaria, which proposes to
provide for the care of the teeth of chil-
dren whose parents are too poor to at-
tend to it is a step in advance of this, and
one that has the recommendation of
common sense. It strikes directly at the
root of one of the greatest evils 0/ our
day — the improper mastication of food.
It is probably true that no other one
cause produces so much ill health as this,
and it is to be earnestly hoped, there-
252
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
fore, that the Bavarian experiment will
prove a success. After all, the question
which we must face and answer is not so
much one of responsibility or duty as it
is of means. Most of us will admit the
responsibility of the state to the poor,
the necessity of a change in the terrible
conditions of the crowded tenements of
large cities where ignorance and crime
go hand in hand, but it is how to meet
these conditions which puzzles our wis-
est philosophers.
jt
The authorship of»"The Voice of the
Silence," the serial now running in The
Pacific Monthly, has been attributed to
every man of any social prominence in
Portland. The name most frequently
mentioned in connection with it, how-
ever, is that of a well-known member of
the bar, who is distinguished for his dis-
criminating taste in art and literature.
The French have no verb which can
serve as the equivalent of the English
"to kick." Happy French! Not having
the word, they escape the horror of its
misuse, its abuse, which afflicts English-
speaking America from Cape Cod to the
Golden Gate, from Maine to Mexico. If,
however, this single inelegant word were
the only one of its kind subjected to the
indignity of being made to do duty as a
sort of verbal football, we should have
little cause for complaint. Alas, it is
but one of a thousand, bruised, and buf-
feted about, and torn, and tossed from
tongue to tongue by educated men and
women. For it is, we say it with regret,
the college graduate who excels in feats
of this nature. The man who is, sup-
posedly, well instructed in the correct use
of English is, invariably, he who most
pointedly and persistently refrains from
any practical exhibition of his knowl-
edge. Indeed, it is not far from possible
to estimate the amount of schooling a
young man has received by the exten-
siveness of his vocabulary of "slang,"
and by the attitude of lofty indifference
which he assumes toward grammatical
construction. In this connection the
question re-occurs: Does any language-
lend itself so readily to the requirements
of "slang" as our own beloved, contin-
ually mutilated and cruelly maltreated
mother tongue? The most alarming fea-
ture of this linguistic epidemic which, by
the way, partakes of the nature of a dis-
ease, is its insidious power of infecting
all who come within the radius of its in-
fluence. It is a contagion from which
there seems no possible avenue of escape.
Where is the physician who can pre-
scribe for such a plague, or who can
check, at least, its destructive progress?
We have reformers of every sort. Why
should not some philanthropic scholar
inaugurate a movement to reform the
abuse of the English language before it
is destroyed and utterly obliterated by
modern "slang." Such an one would
confer an inestimable benefit upon hu-
manity— for in rescuing his mother
tongue from assailing dangers he would
at the same time, so subtle is the relation
between speech and action, improve the
manners and the morals of his time.
Arnold White, in his London corres-
pondence in Harper's Weekly, paints a
dismal picture of the social conditions
among the poor and lower classes of
London, which furnishes much food for
thought. Among other things, he says :
One-fifth of the inhabitants of London still
occupy dwellings unsanitary from over-
crowding. Within a mile of the Mansion
House are masses of men, women, and chil-
dren who are more truly barbarian than the
Basutos, Sudanese, or the aboriginal tribes of
the Himalayas. * * * * * Myriads of
children produced in reckless disregard of
parental responsibility and plunged into an
environment of villany and vice, with no'
play-ground but the streets, is a feature in
English city life which attracts little atten-
tion, but it is as much a reality as the Soudan
victories. The social reformers are no more
in agreement than theologians themselves,
though there is a general conviction that a
great deal requires to be done Although
there is no country in the world where the
social revolution is less likely to take place
than in England, there is national weakness
and shame in the social condition of masses
of our countrymen, and until a new Savon-
arola arises to rouse the national conscience,
the tendency will be to go from bad to worse.
Apart from the facts which Mr. White
has given us, the striking thing about
his correspondence is the view which he
takes of the social revolution as if
its coming were an assured fact.
OUR 'POINT OF VIEW.
253
which is postponed only on ac-
count of a lack of a leader. With
the dissemination of knowledge on
these important topics, doubtless not
one, but many leaders will arise the
world over to better the condition of
humanity. In one respect General Booth,
of the Salvation Army, is a pioneer in
this field, and much as some people are
inclined to scoff at his work it has ac-
complished and is accomplishing a world
of good which the future alone will be
able to fully recognize and appreciate.
Apropos of the recent discussion con-
cerning the rejection of Poe by America,
it might well be remembered that this
brilliant and erratic genius who blazed
with such a fitful, half-heavenly, half-
lurid glow, was after all a poet's poet.
Not a singer to the masses, voicing the
joys and the sorrows of humanity, but
.an angel of the outer darkness, chanting
of the poet's pain, the poet's bliss, haunt-
ed by the memory lost Elysium.
Platonic affection is a term so misused
and misinterpreted that one hesitates to
write it seriously. And yet we hold it to
mean in its original purity, and as Plato
defined it, friendship — friendship of the
truest, tenderest nature. A bond, not of
the body, but of the soul, so strong and
finely woven that it will stand the test of
the severest strain. It is the one human
tie that contains no element of selfish-
ness, that hesitates at no sacrifice, that is
absolute in surrender, giving all and
claiming nothing. It is the only love,
or more properly the only relation, for it
differs materially from the divine passion
— possible between man and woman that
is free from the risk of heartache, of dis-
appointment, a sweetness in which there
is no bitter.
The King's Oath,
The daughter of Herodias danced and
pleased Herod. Whereupon he promised
with an oath to give her whatsoever she
would ask.— (Matthew 14:6-7.)
She danced before the king,
A lissome, witching thing
With gems ablaze.
Unbound her dark hair flies,
While still her glorious eyes
In Herod's gaze.
Moved by that wondrous grace,
Quivers the strong man's face,
Breathless the while
He feels and owns her power,
(Undreamed until that hour)
Drunk with her smile.
'Till her white hand she lifts,
Asking for royal gifts
With mouth rose-sweet,
Low bends the proud king's head;
'Ask what you will," he said,
" 'Tis at your feet."
Swift from her lips red bloom,
Leap forth the words of doom,
"The prophet's head."
Pale grew the monarch's brow;
But for his oath's sake now,
"Bring it," he said.
And since that oath was kept,
Men who in power have stepped —
Kings of the land;
Still for the siren strives,
Selling their people's lives
At her command.
cAdonen.
A RECORD OF THE WORLD'S PROGRESS.
In Politics —
A noticeable change in the tenor of
the press throughout the country in re-
gard to "expansion" has been the fea-
ture of the month in American politics.
First impressions and sentiments have
been giving way to the reaction caused
by the more conservative view of the
question which seems to be now prevail-
ing. The American forces have been
generally successful in the few skirm-
ishes that have taken place in the Philip-
pines, and very few lives have been lost.
Admiral Dewey, however, has asked for
the battleship Oregon, for "political rea-
sons," and the ship is now on her way
thither. The "famous" war congress
of 1898 has adjourned, and is to be con-
demned more for what it has left undone
than commended for the good it has
done. The sentiment of the people is so
strongly in favor of the Nicarauga canal
that it had been thought congress would
be forced to commence the work, but it
is understood, to the everlasting shame
of our institutions, be it said, that the
Nicarauga bill was "traded" for another
which would advance the pecuniary inter-
ests of our noble legislators. Senator
Gorman, who has represented New Jer-
sey in the senate for 18 years, has been
superceded by James Smith, Jr.
jt
The appointment of Phya Visudda as
envoy extraordinary and minister pleni-
potentiary from Siam to the United
States and Great Britain is indicative of
the fact that to one country at least the
union of the Anglo-Saxon race is com-
plete. It will be interesting to observe
how Mr. Visudda performs his double
task. The petition of the citizens of
Fort Wrangel, Alaska, who desire to
foreswear allegiance to the Stars and
Stripes and become subjects to the En-
glish crown, is along this line of union,
but is such an unusual proceeding on the
part of Americans that it comes to us
with considerable surprise. It is under-
stood, however, that the motive back of
the petition is one of financial gain..
England takes a magnanimous stand
in acknowledging France to be entitled
to an outlet on the Nile. This is a con-
spicuous example of the English sense
of justice, since it was by no means a
compulsory act on the part of England,
but rather due to a fair-minded and com-
prehensive view of the situation.
j*
In spite of the lull in Parisian politics
which has followed the election of Lou-
bet to the Presidency of the republic and
the formation of a new ministry, and
which, from the nature of the case, must
be only temporary, France is generally
conceded to be on the verge of a politi-
cal revolution which cannot be much
longer deferred.
In a meeting between the Czar and
Tolstoi, the first that has taken place,
Tolstoi previously refusing to meet the
Czar, the following conversation is said
to have occurred. "What is your
opinion of our imperial proposal for the
limitation of armaments?" asked the
Czar. "I shall believe in it only when
your majesty sets the example to the
other nations," replied the philosopher.
Reconstruction in Cuba is progressing
in a most satisfactory manner. Santiago
has been transformed from a city of dis-
ease and dirt to one of health and clean-
liness. What is true of Santiago is also
true of Havana. American methods are
being rapidly adopted throughout the
entire Island.
In Science —
Rear-Admiral Hichborn, chief naval
constructor, announces that there are
now building for the navy 51 vessels of
THE MONTH.
255
various types. According to an Italian
authority, this places the United States
second in the tonnage list of ships being
built by the various nations, Great Brit-
ain being first.
J*
If all the wonderful things that are told
about Tripler and his liquid air are true,
his invention is the greatest of the age.
The new substance is destined to "do the
work of coal and ice and gunpowder at
next to no cost," and its production is
limitless so long as the air we breathe en-
dures. It is both heat and cold. It is,
according to Mr. Tripler himself, the di-
rect energy of the sun, captured and con-
verted into a useful servant for man. The
man who "harnessed the lightning" ac-
complished a very mild achievement
compared to Mr. Tripler, who proposes
to chain the atmosphere and subjugate
the sun. Meantime the world waits ex-
pectantly for further developments.
Dr. G. Carl Huber, assistant professor
of anatomy, and director of the histo-
logical laboratory of the University of
Michigan, has just discovered, according
to the news reports, that, contrary to the
belief of the leading physiologists of the
world, the blood vessels of the brain are
controlled by nerves. Dr. Huber has
demonstrated this and will publish the
results of his extensive research.
Professor George M. Hough, astron-
omer at the Dearborn Observatory,
Evanston, 111., has made discoveries
which strengthen him in the belief that
Jupiter is in a gaseous or plastic state.
The Reina Mercedes, which was sunk
in the channel of Sanitago harbor, has
been raised and taken to Santiago. The
ship can be repaired so as to be of effi-
cient service.
One of the curious attractions of the
Paris exposition will be the "mare-
orama" — a large stationary ocean steam-
ship, with the surroundings so arranged
that a voyage upon the ocean will be
perfectly simulated. The vessel will
roll and pitch, and a half mile of canvas
will unfold the beautiful scenery along
the line of the vessel's course. The in-
ventor proposes to keep up the simila-
tion of the voyage by sea by every means
possible.
In Literature —
Nothing superior to the following
poem, by Robert Burns Wilson in the
Atlantic Monthly for March, has ap-
peared in the war literature of the day.
In the estimation of one whose opinion
carries weight, it is the most perfect war
poem ever produced:
"Such is the death the soldier dies: —
He falls — the column speeds away;
Upon the dappled grass he lies.
His brave heart following, still, the fray.
The smoke wraiths drift among the trees,
The battle storms along the hill;
The glint of distant arms he sees,
He hears his comrades shouting still.
A glimpse of far-borne flags that- fade
And vanish in the rolling din;
He knows the sweeping charge is made,
The cheering lines are closing in.
Unmindful of his mortal wound,
He faintly calls and seeks to rise;
But weakness drags him to the ground: —
Such is the death the soldier dies."
The poem below, reprinted from Ains-
lee's Magazine for this month, contains
the sum and substance of Shakespeare's
masterpiece. Its author, Arthur J.
Stringer, gives it as the result of a "re-
reading of 'Hamlet'":
0 God, if this were all!
To see the naked Right,
And then by day and night
To crush o'er Circumstance,
Despair and petty Chance,
And fight the one good fight!
O God, if this were all!
If this were only all!
But, ah! to see, and yet
Half fear the waves that fret
Without the Harbor Bar;
To strive not, since the star
Lies from us, oh, so far;
To know, and not forget!
O God, that this is all!
In Art—
The exhibition in December of the
works of the late Sir Edward Burne-
Jones at the New Gallery, in London,
has revived the interest of the critics and
set them to commenting and comparing.
Years ago Ruskin gave his verdict to
the effect that the art work of Burne-
Jones was "the best that has been, or
could be," and Rosetti's frequently ex-
256
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
pressed opinion was, when summed, up,
essentially the same. A dreamer, an ideal-
ist, who beheld with the unerring instinct
of genius the fact — the great under-
lying principle of art — that truth and
beauty are interchangeable terms, this
man has left an impress upon the art of
his age that time will not efface.
The new public library to be erected in
Bryant Park, New York, is designed by
Carrere and Hastings. From the illus-
trations which have appeared it is not
easy to determine the dominant style of
architecture which these gentlemen have
adopted in this ambitious structure,
which is to txtend from Fortieth to For-
ty-second street, but there is evidence of
Grecian influence apparent.
In Education —
A measure adopted by the president
and fellows of Harvard University, on
February 13, provides that all persons
who have served at Harvard as profess-
ors or assistant professors for twenty
years, and are over sixty years old, shall
receive, after retirement, one-third of
their last salary for twenty years of ser-
vice, and one-sixth of their last salary
for such additional year of service, pro-
vided that the retiring allowance shall in
no case exceed two-thirds of their last
salary. To meet the expenses thus au-
thorized, Harvard will have at the end of
this year the income of a special fund of
$340,000, which can doubtless be supple-
mented from other university monies.
A similar provision has been in opera-
tion in Yale since 1897, and since 1890
it has been a rule at Columbia that any
professor who has served the university
for fifteen years, and is sixty-four years
old, may retire at his own request on half
pay. At Yale, professors may retire on
a pension after twenty-five years of con-
tinuous service. — E. S. Martin in Har-
per's Weekly.
The board appointed by Brigadier-
General Wood to formulate a scheme for
public education in the province of San-
tiago, has made its report. It recom-
mends the establishment of free schools
similar to those in the United States.
A resolution has just been passed by
the city council of Wartzberg, Bavaria,
which is worthy of emulation, says the
Scientific American. According to this
resolution, the teeth of poor pupils of
public schools of the city are to be ex-
amined and cared for free of cost? pro-
vided their parents give their consent.
It is intended to treat diseases of the ear
and throat in a like manner, should the
first experiment prove successful. It is
probable that with slight expense the
teeth of the children may be attended to
so that if the latter live they will not suf-
fer from dyspepsia owing to improper
mastication.
Leading Events —
February . — Lord Hallam Tennyson is ap-
pointed governor of South Australia. The
department orders the mustering out of 15,-
000 volunteers.
February 2. — Gen. Gomez gives assurance
that he will co-operate with the United
States to secure the disbanding of the Cuban
insurgent army.
February 3. — France protests to the Porte
against Germany's acquisition of a station
on the sea of Mamora.
February 4. — The Filipinos make a night
attack on the American lines near Manila,
and are repulsed with great loss. The
Spanish cabinet votes to abolish the office of
minister of colonies.
February 5.- — Dewey shells the Filipino's
about Manila. Street riots growing out of
the Dreyfus affair occur in Marseilles and
Algiers.
February 6.— The last Spanish soldier in
Cuba leaves the island. The United States
senate ratifies the treaty of peace with
Spain. Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman is
chosen leader of the liberal party in Eng-
land.
February 7.— Filipinos in the vicinity of
Manila are reported in lull retreat. Amer-
ican lines are extended nine miles beyond
the city. President McKinley sentences
Commissary-General Eagan to suspension
from duty for six years. The British par-
liament meets. — —John Dillon resigns the
parliamentary leadership of the Irish party.
The United States battleship Iowa ar-
rives at San Francisco.
February 8. — Aguinaldo asks for a truce
and a conference with the American com-
mander.
February 9. — The British house of com-
mons rejects an amendment to the custom-
ary address to the throne, relating to "law-
lessness in the church."
February 10. — American forces capture
Caloocan, near Manila. President McKin-
THE MONTH.
257
ley signs the Spanish peace treaty. The
French chamber of deputies adopts the trial-
revision bill.
February 11. — Iloilo is taken by General
Miller. The Monadock and the Charleston
shell the insurgent camp from the bay.
The British cruiser Inlrefield is ordered to
Bluefields in consequence of the Nicaraguan
revolution.
February 12. — American forces under Gen-
eral Miller, capture Jaro, near Iloilo.
Great Britain admits the claim of France to
an outlet on the Nile. The corner-stone
of the reservior dam is laid at Assuam on
the Nile.
February 14. — The California, Washington
and Idaho volunteers and the Sixth artillery
successfully engage the Filipinos on the out-
skirts of Manila.
February 15. — President McKinley ap-
points Samuel J. Barrows, of Massachusetts,
librarian of congress. Nicaragua is de-
clared in a state of seige by President Tye-
laya.
February 16. — The United States senate
passes the Military Academy appropriation
bill. The house strikes out the item in
the sundry civil bill appropriating $20,000,-
000 for the payment to Spain under the
terms of the peace treaty. M. Felix
Faure, president of France, dies,
February 17. — Speaker Reed's ruling
against the Nicaragua canal amendment is
sustained by the house.
February 18. — M. Emile Loubet is elected
president of the French rspublic.
February 19. — In a fight with Russians at
Talien-Wan over tax-payments, three hun-
dred Chinese are killed.
February 20.- — Rear Admiral Schley an-
swers the charges made to the United States
senate against himself.
February 21.— Pope Leo XIII writes to
Cardinal Gibbons, reproving "relaxation of
discipline in the Catholic church in America.
February 22. — Kipling reported to be seri-
ously ill in New York. Gov. Pingree, of
Michigan, speaks to the Detroit banquet up-
on "Respectability in the Republic."
February 23. — At Manila the rebels are re-
pulsed at many points.
February 24 — Admiral Dewey asks for the
battleship Oregon. United States senate
passes the river and harbor bill.
February 25.— Military police prevent an
out-break of hostilities in the city of Manila.
February 26. — News received of the rais-
ing of the American flag over the island of
Cebu.
February 27. — Army bill passes the United
States senate.
February 28. — Germany recalls her ships
from the Philippines.
Mother Goose for Grown Up Folks.
Little Bo-Peep has lost her sheep
And doesn't know where to find them;
Let them alone and they'll come home,
And bring their tails behind them."
"Hope beckoned youth and bade him keep
On life's broad plain, his shining sheep,
And while along the sward they came,
He called them over, each by name;
This one was Friendship — that was Health;
Another Love — another Wealth;
One fat, full-fleeced, was Social Station;
Another, Stainless Reputation;
In truth a goodly flock of sheep —
A goodly flock, but hard to keep.
Youth laid him down beside a fountain;
Hope spread his wings to scale a mountain;
And somehow youth fell fast asleep,
And left his crook to tend the sheep;
No wonder, as the legend says,
They took to very crooked ways.
Wealth vanished first, with stealthy tread,
Then Friendship followed — to be fed —
And foolish Love was after led;
Fair Fame — alas! some thievish scamp —
Had marked him with his own black stamp,
And he, with Honor at his heels
Was out of sight across the fields.
Health just hangs doubtful — distant Hope
Looks backward from the mountain slope,
And Youth himself — no longer Youth —
Wakes face to face with bitter Truth."
"Solomon Grundy, born on Monday.
Christened on Tuesday, Married on Wednes-
day,
Sick on Thursday, worse on Friday,
Dead on Saturday, Buried on Sunday;
This was the end of Solomon Grundy."
So sings the unpretentious muse
That guides the quill of Moother Goose,
And in one week of mortal strife
Presents the epitome of Life;
But down sits Billy Shakespeare next,
And cooly taking up the text
His thought pursues the trail of mine
And lo! the seven ages shine!
O world! O critics! can't you see
How Shakespeare plagiarizes me?
For not a child upon the knee
But hath thy moral learned of me;
And measured, in a seven days' span,
The whole experience of man.
FOR MARCH.
The Century —
At the Court of an Indian Prince. . .
R. D. Mackenzie
The Bond of Blood.. Will H. Thompson
Heroes of the Railway Service
Chas. De Lano Hine
Sonnets Edith M. Thomas
Via Crucis F. Marion Crawford
Poor Little Jane John Vance cneny
Alexander's Victory at Issus
.Benjamin Ide Wheeler
A Temple of Solomon
Margaret Sulton Briscoe
Reciprocity Mary H. Mason
Gilbert Stuart's Portraits of Women.
Chas. Henry Hart
The Winslow at Cardenas
J. B. Bernadon, Lieut. U. S. N.
Silence Peter McArthur
Cable-Cutting at Cienfuegos
Cameron McR. Winslow
British Experience in the Govern-
ment of Colonies James Bryce
Gen. Sherman's Tour of Europe
Gen. W. T. Sherman
The Century's American artists
Series Arthur Hoeber
Pilgrims to Mecca . . Mary Hallock Foote
The Sinking of the Merrimac
Lieut. Hobson
Scenes in the Spanish Capital
Arthur Houghton
The Capture of Manila
Francis I. Green
The Woodhaven Goat
Harry Stillwell Edwards
"What shall be done with little Jane,
Little Jane who has lost her lover?
With the sun and rain of Lovers' Lane
Green in his grassy cover.
She cannot sleep, she cannot spin,
They will have to take her away;
Her eye is too bright, her cheek too thin,
She hears not a word they say.
She has no joy of the summer sun,
And fearful things she sees
At the gate in the lane when day is done
And there's a wail in the faded trees."
—John Vance Cheney in the March number
of the Century.
"A prince of India," even though he
be but the ruler of a very limited strip of
territory, is, to Western minds, at least,
an exceedingly gorgeous personage. Mr.
R. D. Mackenzie's description in the
March Century of "His Highness the
Nawab of Bahawalpur and His Court,"
leaves the reader dazed with the glitter
of jewels — the flash of rubies and glim-
mer of pearls — and the general magnif-
icence of Oriental attire. This young
Indian potentate, whose dominions
would easily lie within the limits of any
Oregon county, is the happy possessor
of a score of palaces and is a tall, well-
formed, distinguished looking gentle-
man, with an English education, a sensi-
tive nature, a strong will and an iron
constitution, all of which goes to make
up an ensemble exactly opposite to that
which presents itself to the average mind
as illustrative of the native East Indian.
The fact that an American girl, a daugh-
etr of Chicago, is now vice-empress of
India gives us a quickened interest in
everything pertaining to that particular
part of the world. The engraving
upon wood, by F. S. King, of Ross Tur-
ner's "Golden Galleon," which forms the
frontispiece of the Century for March, is
a work of art, the like of which has not
been seen in a magazine for, lo, these
many years. "Via Crucis" contains a
strong picture — a scene of the period the
preaching of the second crusade by Ber-
nard of Clairvaux. Mr. Bryce advises
the American expansionist to "go softly"
and to profit by "British experience in
the government of colonies." That
Mr. Bryce knows what he is talking
about no one will undertake to dispute,
and his words of friendly warning are
well worth considering. "The Wood-
haven Goat" is an antidote for the
"blues." The man or woman who could
read this bit of plantation comedy
through without laughing is not a per-
son to be envied.
Scribner's —
The Rough Riders. .Theodore Roosevelt
The Cub Reporter and the King of
Spain Jessie Lynch Williams
THE MAGAZINES.
259
Some Political Reminiscences
' George F. Hoar
The Business of a Theatre
W. J. Henderson
The Winter Stars. .Archibald Lampman
The Entomologist George W. Cable
The Street Pitts Duffield
The Letters of.. Robert Louis Stevenson
Sydney Colvin
The Portraits of John W. Alexander,
Harrison S. Morris
• A Calendar of Discontent. Oliver Herford
Psalm vii, 15 Albert White Vorse
Search-Light Letters Robert Grant
A Rhyme of the Rough Riders
Clinton Scollard
Albert White Vorse is a name new to
Scribner's, but if his "Psalm VII, 15" is
earnest of future work it is safeto set
him down as one of the most virile and
original writers of the day. It is a story
of the far north, of the land of the mid-
night sun, this "Psalm," and there is
not a weak or a superfluous line in it.
The strange "white silence" makes itself
felt. The Eskomos, with their crude
mysticisms and cruelly hard lives, the
loves of Latta and Ah-we-ung-onah and
the tragic termination of the romance,
all are so simply, yet powerfully portray-
ed that the reader forgets that it is only
a "tale that is told," and believes for the
moment that he is watching the move-
ment of a real, a living experience.
This story is so great that it throws into
shadow everything else in the March
number of the magazine, though Robert
Grant's "Search-Llight Letters" are in-
teresting in that they spare neither man
nor woman. The weakness, the faults
and the follies of a would-be social lead-
er are pitilessly exposed in the glare of
the well-directed "Light" which emi-
nates from Mr. Grant's electric-pointed
pen. Robert Louis Stevenson's love of
little children crops out from time to
time, in the sweetest, tenderest fashion in
his "Letters." And there is always in
these letters the insistent note of bodily
pain. "I am a man of seventy," ex-
claims this yet undeveloped novelist."
"O Medea, kill me, or make me young
again!" — Jesse Lynch Williams gives an-
other newspaper story that is interesting,
reading, and George W. Cable consider-
ately kills off the "Etomologist" and the
other man's frivolous wife and then
unites the bereaved ones in the most de-
lightful and satisfactory manner. The
whole story, from beginning to end, is
crowded with beauty and warmth and
perfume, a glowing, softened wealth of
color that obscures the tragedy and ob-
literates the common-place. In this last
number occurs the "Parable of the 'Lost
Moth,' " "crushed with its wings full-
spread, not by any one's choice, but be-
cause there are so many things in this
universe that not even God can help
from being as they are."
The Cosmopolitan —
The Building of an Empire
John Brisben Walker
The Real Arabian Nights. . .Anna Leach
Flour and Flour Milling
. . .B. C. Church and F. W. Fitzpatrick
For Maids and Mothers
Frances Courtney Baylor
Of the Golden Age
Louise Imogen Guiney
Trampers on the Trail
Hamlin Garland
Columbia's Motto. .Ella Wheeler Wilcox
The Verdict in the Rutherford Case,
Walter Barr
Richard Brinsley Sheridan
Thomas B. Reed
The North American Indian of To-
day George Bird Grinnell
Southern Spain During the War...,
Grant Lynd
Successful Attempts in Scientific
Mind Reading..Edward-Wilson Roberts
Oliver Cromwell A. J. Gade
Hito-Kitsune Ethel W. Mumford
Pelota in Madrid Poultney Bigelow
"How Miss Miggs Fitted Herself for
Matrimony" is a story which contains an
object lesson. In fact, Miss Sarah Miggs
is a bright and shining example to her
sex — to all that portion of it at least who
are contemplating the possibility of wed-
lock. There would be no more any ask-
ing of the old question, "Is marriage a
failure?" if all fair candidates for wife-
hood acted upon the suggestions offered
in this story. "Hito-Kitsune" is a
Japanese ghost story that turns out to be
a very clever fraud gotten up by a Yan-
kee speculator, but is exceeding interest-
ing in spite of the fact that the ghost is
a sham. Hamlin Garland's "Trail" is
leading northward now, and he is giving
his readers some realistic pictures of the
difficulties and dangers which Alaskan-
bound gold-hunters encountered on the
"Overland Trail" to the Yukon.
260
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
"The Verdict in the Rutherford Case" is
a study of the human conscience.
John Brisben Walker continues the his-
tory of Mohammed, and Eric Pape leaves
nothing to be desired in the way of illus-
trations. "The Midnight Vision" is
beautiful enough to have turned the head
of any imaginative Arab. It is sufficient
for the purpose if Mohammed did but
dream he beheld such matchless perfec-
tion of form and feature.
McClure's —
J. J. Tissot and his Paintings of the
Life of Christ Cleveland Moffet
Liquid Air Ray Stannard Baker
Sketches in Egypt.. Charles Dana Gibson
Moving on the North Pole '. . .
Lieut. Robert E. Peary, U. S. N.
Stalky and Co Rudyard Kipling
This Animal of a Buldy Jones
Frank Norris
Lincoln's Method of Dealing with
Men Ida M. Tarbell
The Accolade Louise Herrick Wall
General Wood at Santiago
Henry Harrison Lewis
The War on the Sea and Its Lessons,
Capt. Alfred T. Mahan, U. S. N.
It is interesting to learn from good
authority that the "Beetle" of Kipling's
"Stalky and Co." is no less a personage
than the gifted Rudyard himself. "Num-
ber Five" in the character of moral re-
formers makes an entertaining story!
Louis Herrick Wall, who is a Port-
land woman, has a touching romance in
this magazine — McClure's — for March,
in which a little child, pitifully deformed
and unchildlike, is the central figure.
"The heroine," remarked one fair critic
who had read this story of Mrs. WalFs,
"is a fool, and I cannot pardon that. A
woman writer owes it to her sex to give
the heroine the advantage — every time."
Frank Norris' account of the duel
between the young Frenchman and the
man of Yale wherein balls, for the Yale
man was a famous baseball champion,
are used in lieu of swords or pistols, is
brief but graphic. But by far the
most absorbingly interesting thing in
McClure's for March is Tripler and his
"Liquid Air." Indeed it reads so alto-
gether like a fairy tale that one must go
over it more than once to get the full sig-
nificance of this new marvel. Ray Stan-
nard Baker has given the public a clear
idea of this wonderful invention, and to
him and McClure's the public is corres-
pondingly grateful.
Harper's —
The Spanish-American War
Hon. Henry Cabot Lodge
Heart's-Ease Over Henry Heine....
Sarah Piatt
On the Steps of the City Hall
Brander Mathews
Major-General Forrest at Brice's
Cross-Roads John A. Wyeth, M. D.
Storm and Calm Helen Hay
Their Silver Wedding Journey
William Dean Howells
English Characteristics Julian Ralph
Stories in Verse Arthur J. Strig
Without the Courts
Sarah Barnwell Elliott
The Building of the Modern City
House Russell Sturgis
The Way to the Cross . . Stephen Bonsai
Ebb-Tide Guy Wetmore Carryl
A Song Hildegarde Hawthorne
The Span o' Life
. .Wm. McLennan and J. N. Mcllwraith
The Rented House Octave Thanet
The Massacre of Fort Dearborn at
Chicago Simon Pokagon
Chief of the Pokagon Band of Potta-
watomie Indians.
Violet Martha Gilbert Dickinson
Julian Ralph has arrived at the con-
clusion, after due deliberation, and ob-
servant association with our English
cousins, that they are not so lacking in
"a sense of humor or love of fun" as we
have been wont to suppose. It is true,
he admits, "they are not so much given
to joking" as we are, and their jokes are
of a different sort. But this he ac-
counts for on the grounds that they
are more seriously thoughtful, more
deliberate in speech and action than
are we, "more given to reflction
and the calm enjoyment of life."
The Englishman is never in a hurry, ac-
cording to Mr. Ralph, who seems to find
the average London citizen as delightful
and interesting and "restful" as he finds
the London climate abominable and dis-
tressing. The climate is to blame, he
holds, for most of the evils that afflict the
world's metropolis, and particularly is it
responsible for the intemperance of the
masses.
F. Tennyson Neely is bringing out
some notable books that are to comprise
a "war series," and are written and com-
piled by General O. O. Howard, General
Joe Wheeler, Gilson Willets and other
distinguished people. "Fighting for
Humanity; or, Camp and Quarter-
Deck," is the title of General Howard's
book, and it is conceded that, having an
"interesting story to tell," he has told it
in the most admirable manner. "The
Boy of the Twentieth," by Burr Mcin-
tosh, is a story for Young America. This
series is fully illustrated, beautifully
printed and attractively bound. "Ameri-
cans in Exile" is a cleverly written novel
by Grace Stuart Reid, and deals with the
days of the Confederacy. It is a bach-
elor's love story told in the first person,
and is tender, touching and true to the
best in human sentiment. Another book
from the house of F. Tennyson Neely,
by Carlos Martyn, veils a rather pessi-
mistic study in sociology under the mis-
leading title of "Sour Saints and Sweet
Sinners." The author, in the "Prelude"
to this rather astonishing work mentions
the fact that a certain New York church
was in want of a minister because "The
last pastor had been accidentally killed —
the church debt had fallen upon and
crushed him." There are several things
in this prelude, by the way, which are al-
together too near the truth to be pleas-
ant, and Carlos Martyn strikes a straight
and effective blow at the method which
prevails in modern churches of choos-
ing a minister. That is, it would be ef-
fective if the right sort of people read his
book, and it is extremely doubtful if
they will, for the title is not one that will
appeal to church people.
Paul Laurence Dunbar's last book,
"Folks From Dixie," is a collection of
short stones that range from North to
South and from grave 'to gay. To the
student of racial problems there can be
no more interesting figure in modern lit-
erature than that of the young Negro
poet. Just what will result to his people
from his untrammelled expression in
verse and prose of the long-repressed
keling of the race it is yet too early to
predict, but that he draws his scenes and
characters with a strong, firm hand can-
not be denied. Neither is he lacking in
delicate shadings, in exquisite light
touches that lend a certain grace and
beauty to the rudest pictures from his
pen. In "Folks From Dixie," perhaps the
best piece of work, the most human and
tender is "Jimsella," though in all the
book there is not a story that does not
possess some charm of its own. "The
Spaniard in History" is a book that
makes its appearance at a most auspic-
ious time. It is by James C. Fernald. In
the author's preface, this sentence, which
explains the motif of the work, occurs:
"The sword which has been drawn in
behalf of oppressed Cuba must not be
sheathed till Spanish power has ceased
to touch with its blight the Western
world." It is not a chronological his-
tory of Spain, by any means; but is rath-
er a clearly defined and entertaining
characterization of the most important
crises in the career of the Spanish na-
tion. Alfonso XIII of Spain is a pa-
thetic figure among the crowned heady
of Europe. William Bement Lent'y
charmingly bound and illustrated volume
tells all about "The Country of the Little
King." Madrid, Seville, Toledo, Gra-
nada, Burgos, Cordova — what pictures
of past pride and splendor these names
suggest! To read this book of Mr. Lent's
is to visit the scenes he describes. The
Alhambra has been often written about
— but not even Washington Irving him-
self has given us a more exquisite de-
scription of this "Moorish legacy" than
has William Bement L,ent in his journey
"Across the Country of the Little King."
These books are all to be found on
sale at Gill's book store, corner of Third
and Alder streets.
Frederick Warde.
The actor in private life is apt to be a
creature totally different from the actor
before the footlights. A charming wo-
man of my acquaintance (this is not par-
ticularizing, for I know many charming
women), recently gave me a most inter-
esting account of how, when at boarding
school in Boston, she went to see Lewis
Morrison in the New Magdalene, being,
of course, properly chaperoned by a se-
verely proper Boston relative and, how,
having arrived in the journey of life at
that impressionable age when it is a ne-
cessity of nature to fall in love, she at
once most romantically tumbled up to her
pretty ears in love with the handsomely
made-up actor. At that age the thing a
girl most enjoys about an attachment of
this sort is telling other girls about it.
This rose-bud maiden was no exception
to the rule. So glowing were her de-
scriptions of the hero of her dreams that
the fifty other rose buds gracing the
garden, otherwise known as a board-
ing school, were all equally enraptured
and were in eminent danger of blossom-
ing prematurely under the influence of
reflected ardour. Afterward, in Port-
land, she had an opportunioty to see the
object of her youthful adoration off the
stage and was immediately disenchanted.
All this is by way of saying that what is
true of one actor is, in the main, true of
all, and that Mr. Frederick Warde is one
of the gracious exceptions that prove
the rule. For Mr. Warde, great as he is
upon the stage, and in many points there
is none greater, is equally delightful in
private life. An actor who regards the
legitimate drama as one of the noblest
professions, who holds with William
Rounsville Alger, "dramatic art to be
the divinest art in .the world — the crown
and flower of all," and who has proved
himself a worthy interpreter of the
grandest conceptions of heroic character
produced by the master minds of the
past three centuries, Mr. Warde is not
too absorbed to appreciate and enjoy the
claims of friendship and the forms of po-
lite society. He is, in spite of his inces-
sant and exacting work upon the stage,
a man of the world, a literateur, an earn-
est student, a scholarly gentleman — a
man whom men delight to know and
women delight to please, and in this
western world, loved and admired and
welcomed as no other actor of today is
loved and admired and welcomed. It
was in 1884 that he first made his ap-
pearance in Portland, and in the charac-
ter of Virginus and of Ingomar, in the
old New Market theatre. It lies within
my memory that I saw him first in Eu-
gene, in Damon and Pythias, on the lim-
ited stage of a rather remarkably-con-
structed "opera house, and leaving much
to be desired in the way of support, and
yet how that house, crowded beyond all
comfort, went wild over the young actor,
for he had a force that carried all before
it, a vigor and a power that compelled
recognition and roused his audience to
the wildest enthusiasm. Since that
memorable date Mr. Warde has made
almost yearly tours to Oregon and the
West and has appeared before Portland
audiences in the role of nearly all the
great Shakespearean characters.
Govenor Roosevelt has signed an
amendment to the civil code which pro-
hibits absolutely a doctor from divulg-
ing any information concerning his pat-
ients, either before or after the death of
patient. For a long time the insurance
law has permitted a man to testify con-
cerning the physical condition of a
policy-holder, which was in variance
with the code.
A colored preacher upon the occasion
of delivering a forceful harangue to his
congregation, said: "I see before me
twelve chicken-thieves, including William
Sanders." Now, Sandy was a handy
'DRIFT.
263
man with a razor, and the parson's
friends urged him to set things right with
with Sanders at the first opportunity.
The parson made on the next Sunday
the following announcement: "Brethren,
at our last meeting I made a statement
which, after mature deliberation, I desire
to correct, realizing as I do that my re-
marks upon that occasion might not
have been understood correctly. What
I should have said was: "There are in
this congregation twelve chicken-
thieves, not including William Sanders."
J*
McKinley's Opinions.
"Hello, Central! Connect me with
Washington."
"Is this Washington? Give me the
White House. Hello! This you, Major?"
"Yes. Send me a few decided views,
will you?"
<(_ »
"On what? Why, on anything. Sil-
ver and gold, Alger, Philippines — any-
thing."
"None in stock. Then let me have
some mere opinions."
"Yes — opinions, mere or otherwise."
"I don't care, so long as they are true.
I want some good opinions, in fast col-
ors, that will wear."
"No, of course not. Not other peo-
ple's. Your own I want."
"Not any, eh? Don't keep them in
stock? Isn't there any such thing in the
market?"
"Oh, I see! You have them made to
order for you. Hello!"
"Oh! Never mind about the address-
es, Major. I know where to apply for
them. Thanks."
"Good-by."— Life.
A new postoffice was established in a
small Western village, and a native was
appointed postmaster. After awhile com-
plaints were made that- no mail was sent
out from the new office, and an inspector
was sent to inquire into the matter. He
called upon the postmaster and asked
why no mail had been sent out. The
postmaster pointed to a big and nearly
empty mail-bag hanging up in a corner,
and said : "Well, I ain't sent it out 'cause
the bag ain't nowhere nigh full yet!" —
San Francisco Argonaut.
Croak, Little Bull -Frog, Croak.
This is the first blossom from spring's
boquet of "poetry," and it would be an
injustice to the public to let it "blush un-
seen and waste itc sweetness on the
desert air."
Croak, little bull-frog, croak, say I,
Croak while the rain cloud's in the sky;
The sun's getting warmer day by day,
All the froggies are happy and gay.
You have no cares, you know no pain,
All you know is rain, more rain.
Croak, little bull-frog, croak.
Croak, little bull-frog, croak, say I,
It'll cease raining by and by;
There'll be no clouds the sky to gloom,
Butter-cups then'll commence to bloom,
The lark will sing his merriest tune,
All will be merry as a day in June.
Croak, little bull-frog, croak.
Croak, little bull-frog, croak, say I,
There'll come a sad day by and by, —
Sad for you, though sweet for me, —
When honeyed flowers will feed the bee.
Tne sun will shine bright up above,
Green woods will home the turtle-dove.
Croak, little bull-frog, croak.
Croak, little bull-frog, croak, say I,
Your marshy home will soon be dry;
The sunny flowers will all be gone,
Your tunes will then be but a moan.
You'll gasp in the hot sun by and by,
Croak a weak croak, then wither and die.
Croak, poor bull-frog, croak.
"Dennis H. Sto<vall.
1899— Good Advice for the Spring to the
Good People of the Northwest: Look to
their health for the summer, by taking a
herbal remedy, a standard and modern dis-
covery of the 19th century, known as Dr.
William Pfunder Oregon Blood Purifier.
Take it now. Used and sold everywhere.
Easy to take and effectual.
CONDUCTED BY E. C. PROTZMAN.
Chess is defined as "an intellectual
pastime." This definition doubtless
arises from the fact that the eminent men
of every age have used the study of its
fascinating and subtle combinations as a
rest from the cares of genius; for chess,
and chess only, has the power of taking
complete possession of the mental facul-
ties and diverting them from their ac-
customed channels. So the philosopher,
the soldier, the statesman, and the au-
thor have equally been its votaries.
On account 6f its nature chess is com-
monly considered a difficult game to
learn. This is an error — for a half hour
is sufficient to enable one to learn the
moves and power of the pieces, while
within a few weeks both pupil and teach-
er will find it equally entertaining. If the
student is at all apt or ambitious six
months of play will be enough to give
one a good standing amongst the regular
devotees.
In placing chess games before our
readers we shall endeavor to present only
those that we believe will prove bene-
ficial and' instructive to devotee and stu-
dent alike.
The "partie" given below occurred in
Paris June, 1857, between Paul Morphy
and Count Isouard and the Duke of
Brunswick in consultation against him.
We present it as a beautiful illustration
of the great master's manner of ending a
chess battle at the first error made by his
antagonist. The reader will note how
quickly he was able to bring each piece
into play and to bear upon the point of
attack :
PHILIDORE'S DEFENCE.
White— Mr. Morphy Black— The Allies.
1.
P to K 4
1.
P toK 4
2.
K Kt to B 3
2.
P to Q 3 A
3.
P to Q 4
3.
Q B to K Kt 5
4.
P takes P
4.
B takes Kt B
5.
Q takes B
5.
P takes P
6.
K B to Q B 4
6.
K Kt to B 3
7.
Q to Q Kt 3
7.
Q to K 2
8.
Q Kt to Q B 3
8.
P to Q B 3
it.
Q B to Kt 5
9.
P to Q Kt 4
11. B takes P — check
12. Castles— Q R F
13. R takes Kt
14. K R to Q sq
15. B takes R — check
16. Q to Q Kt 8—
check G
17. R to Q 8— mate
11. Q Kt to Q 2
12. Q R to Q sq
13. R takes R
14. Q to K 3
15. Kt takes B
16. Kt takes Q
10. Kt takes Q Kt P E 10. P takes Kt D
A. — Forming the "Philidore's defence" but
not now considered as strong as Q Kt to B 3.
B. — Probably Black's best move, for if 4-P
takes P, then 5-Q takes Q, 5-K takes Q, 6-Kt
takes P, also threatening to take either B or
K B P and, of course, loss of game.
C. If White takes Q Kt P, Black is able
to force exchange of queens by Q to Q Kt
5-check, opening up their own Q Kt's file
and leaving a weak center for White.
D. — Attempting to counteract White's ter-
rible attack but futile as well as fatal; for it
affords an opportunity for Mr. Morphy of
which he takes an immediate advantage.
E. The key move to one of the most beau-
tiful and grandest coupes ever occurring in
a cross-board play, and well worthy of his
great chess genius, ending only with the
final mate — each move being forced.
F. The sacrifice of the queen is a most
exquisite ending to this consummate piece of
chess strategy.
Notes.
Questions regarding the game are so-
licited as we shall in our next issue de-
vote a column to "Answers to Corres-
pondents." Address "Chess Editor, Pa-
cific Monthly."
We shall be glad to pubHsh the ad-
dresses of the headquarters of such chess
clubs as may be in existence in the differ-
ent cities or towns of our coast, so that
chess lovers who rrjay be visiting can be
enabled to call.
Joseph Ney Babson, one of our great-
est problem composers, is at present
making his home in Seattle. Friend
Babson, we would be glad to hear from
you in these columns.
Mr. Frank A. Steele, Seattle, writes to
a friend here that arrangements are being
perfected to have a chess match between
San Francisco and Seattle by wire. Mr.
Steele is a prominent attorney, but is also
a lover of chess as well.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY-ADVERTISING SECTION.
THE CELEBRATED
Oregon Blood Purifier
Is a' benefit to the human race. KtCEP UP YOUTH,
HEALTH, VIGOR by the use of Dr. Plunder's Ore-
gon Blood Purifier. Quick and complete cure of
all diseases of the Skin, Kidneys, Bladder and Liver. It
checks Rheumatism, Malaria, relieves Constipation,
Dyspepsia and Biliousness, and puts fresh energy into
the system by making New Rich. Blood. Take it in
time, right now, as it cannot be beat as a preventative
of disease. Sold preferable and used everywhere. $1.00
a bottle; six for $5.00. Guaranteed. Tested. True.
NUMEROUS DIPLOMAS AWARDED.
Manufactured by
WM. PFUNDER, Active Chemist,
No. 1738. March 25, lilu.
TRADE
Young but
PORTLAND,
OREGON.
MARK
hy Thriving.
* NO HUMBUG NO SHAMS
$. W* Aldrich Pharmacy *
.... Corner Sixth and Washington Streets, Portland, Oregon ....
Carries a Complete Assortment of High-Gra.de Drugs
and Chemicals. By constant and careful attention the
stock is kept fresh and up-to-date
Direct Importer of French and English Perfumes, Soaps, Powders, Toilet Waters and
Novelties. Particular Attention Given to Prescriptions and Mail Orders. Prices
Lowest in the City on Same Class of Goods
APPROPRIATE FRAMING A SPECIALTY
307 Washington street
Bet. Fifth and Sixth. PORTLAND, OREGON
CLARKE BROS.
FOR
Fine Cut Flowers
AND
NEW AND BEAUTIFUL
PLANTS
289 Morrison Street
FORTLAND, OREGON
Before Using
ABOUT ©ORNS....
! What 15 a Com? Pbyaicia" call it a Clavua, a caloua
I or horny thickening of the skin, over a joint m a toe. with a central core
or "kernel".. A corn cut in half would look very much like this-
What PrOdUCeS a Com? PRESSURE Not necessarily
that the shoe 18 tight -but while apparently roomy, does, at some position
during waUiog. press upon ono spot; the result is a "'CORN."
Having1 a Corn, what shall i do for n?- Ah.-
now there is the question. Some people pare them, getting a little tempor-
ary relief, but stimulating the corn to twice as rapid growth — Well, here
clear
and colorless fluid called
Willamette Corn Cure
IHUttTT[ CORN CURE
IT,. WILL »tnOVC . CO«PJ . HPb
For Sale by
all Druggists .
NATUMl 1 SKIP ,. IP ,. IT5 „ PmCC
OtTC€dt» per For Sale by
- -»— Bottle a|| Druggists
WILLMTTE
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
THE SCIENTIFIC REMEDY FOR DISEASES J
Without the use of Drugs, Knife, Faith Cure or Hypnotism. '+
Osteopathy....
Treatment never too severe for the patient. Nervous, Chronic and
Acute Diseases treated, especially Rheumatism and Spinal troubles.
Every courtesy will be shown to those investigating the science. Correspondence solicited.
EXAMINATION AND CONSULTATION FREE.
OFFICE HOURS
9T012M.; 1 T0 5M5P.M.
DRS. NORTHRUP and ALKIRE
Located at 170 Thirteenth Street j?
Formerly at 189 West Park.
ONE OF THE PROBLEMS
Of merchandising has been, how best to advertise.
A store must advertise or it cannot prosper.
IT HAS BEEN FOUND
That magazine advertising pays best in proportion
to the outlay.
MORAL!
Advertise in The Pacific Monthly. 20,000 readers
every month, and before the family thirty days.
SCIENTIFIC MASSEUR
acute; AND
CHRONIC
RHEUMATIC AFFECTIONS, NERVOUS DISEASES,
AND OBESITY SUCCESSFULLY TREATED BY
ELECTRICITY, MASSAGE, DRY HOT AIR, AND
VAPOR BATHS.
Office, 318-319 Marquam Bldg.
N. F. MELEEN, M. G.
It's time now ^ «g
To think about Spring clothes. We clean clothes,
we dye clothes, and we do the work for as little money
as good work can be done for. If you're in doubt as
to whether your old suit can be dyed a certain color,
ask us about it We'll dye it if possible, and do the
work well.
We are economical acquaintances for you to make.
A soiled suit or faded dress contains possibilities un-
thought of by the layman. We'll call for vour goods,
or you can send them to our office, a" postal will
bring our wagon.
Oregon Steam Dyeing and Cleaning Works,
DODD & JONES, Proprietors.
Col. Phone 547.
Or. Phone, Red 2903. 353 Burnside St., Portland, Or.
Country orders solicited, and will be conscientiously
and promptly executed.
Established 1885.
J?ortlanb <I)arble (Storks
268
SCHANEN & NEU.
Estimates given on application.
* H H WRIGHT SHEET MUSIC
<J II. II. WKIUI1I AT HALF PRICE £
•I
General Musical Merchandise
FIRST STREET,
Bet. Madison and Jefferson,
PORTLAND, OR.
«r
Sole Agent for
JQ ^Poffftrfc Dry Granulated Sugar
. for one dollar
With all general orders of
GROCERIES.
A. HEWITT,
374 Washington St.
S The Celebrated "REGAL" Guitars and Mandolins fc
m "REG1NA" Music Boxes and "Gramophones." »
ft £
cA good stock of records '»
5jJ to select from. J?
5 335 Washington St., Cor. Seventh |
Artistic Effects in Photography *# *£ *g
cAre demanded novo as never before.
We have all of the up-to-date methods
for securing this result.
MOORE'S
Dekum Building, Portland, Or.
When dealing; with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
▲.▲▲.▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲.▲▲▲▲.▲▲.A. ▲▲j
"Best Work at Least Possible Cost."
PKR TOOTH
Crown and Bridge Work (22 K Gold) $4.50
Best Set Teeth, Rubber - - $5.00
(The same as you pay $io for elsewhere.)
Best Gold Fillings • ■ - $1.00 up
Best Alloy Fillings - - - 50c up
Teeth Extracted, painless, by our new
method .... 50c
All work guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction. We do not attempt to enter into competition with
cheap dental work, made principally by inexperiei ced students. Our work will bear your
closest inspection. It will pay you to call and see us before having work done.
dr. jones, Manger. PORTLAND DENTAL PARLORS, J«ffiSLS2SSst..
Tne Biumauer-Frank Drug Co
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
AND MINING
STOCKS
FOR fllNES
see ROGERS & ROGERS,
Real Estate and Mining,
Room 304
I BROKERS
Spokane, Wash.
Fern well Blk.
Portland Cut-Rate Taxidermist Co.
I84>2 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, OR.
Birds, Animals arid Insects finely mounted in
a life-like manner. Rates reasonale.
Lessons given in
Taxidermy .so cents.
W. B. MALLE1S, Manager.
PHOENIX BICYCLES .***
"THEY STAND THE RACKET."
PRICE, $40.00 &. $50.00.
Golden Eagle Bicycles
BEST $30.00 LIST WHEEL
ON THE MARKET
Clipper Chainless Bicycles
LIST PRICE $75.00
A Superior Article in the Chainless Line.
Call and examine, or send for Catalogues.
MITCHELL, LEWIS & STAVER CO.
First and Taylor Streets, PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
UNION
9
Si
I
lies
DESIGNING-
-HALF TONES .
ZINC ETCHING-
COLOR ,W0RK
^SPECIALTY
ep
tywmt
5303^
525
I^lARK&T ST-
SAN FRANCISCO, CAL
g»c»o«o«o«c»o«c^»o«o«o»o«o»o«o«o«o«o«o»o«c«o«o«o^^
The Natural ^ ^
«* ^ Body Brace
Cures ailments peculiar to Women.
Simple in construction. Comfortable. Ad-
justable to fit all figures. Endorsed by every
Physician who has used it.
COSTS YOU NOTHING TO TRY IT.
Why should you sot walk and work as
painlessly as the man whose wife, sweetheart
or sister you are ? You are not a laggard by
nature, but some bodily derangement or dis-
placement has sapped your ambition and made
you weak and peevish. Wherever you are,
the miserable pain in your back or side or
abdomen is ever present. Write for illustrated
book, giving candid facts and conclusive tes-
timony, SENT FREE, in plain sealed envelope.
The brace has cured thousands just such
as you. This letter is one of thousands :
Health Brings Beauty; the Natural
Body Brace brings Health. Pine Forest, Alabama, May 30, 1898.
I was well pleased with my brace from the beginning. After wearing it four weeks, I am de-
lighted with it; would not exchange it for money or anything else. I send you my heartfelt thanks
for it. I had suffered a long time with falling of the womb, painful menstruation, constipation, heart
disease, backache, headache, bearing down pains, etc.
Money refunded if Brace is not satisfactory
3 p. o. box 1013.
Mrs. W. B. McCrary.
The Natural Body Brace Co., Salina, Kansas.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthlv.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
The latest fad
Carbons on porcelain
HYLAND
Photographer
Corner of Seventh and
Washington Sts.
■»^»»»»»»»»»»»»»i^»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»^»»»»»»»»»»g^»»»»»»»»^»^$^
Insure ivitb the
Home Insurance Co*
.....Of New York
Cash Capital, $3. 000,000.00.
The Great American Fire Insurance
Company,
Assets aggregating nearly f 12,000,000.00, ALL
available for American Policy Holders.
J. D. COLEMAN, General Agent,
JOHN H. BURGARD,
..SPECIAL AGENT..
250 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
LOF JOHNSON
Ladies' and Gentlemen's
TAILOR
Room 602
Dekum Building
PORTLAND, ORE.
THE
WORLD'S
MASTERPIECES
JUST WHAT TEACHERS HAVE BEEN LOOKING FOR.
... ^Entertaining anfc aSeautifullg 1illustrate&
For
the
Children
The Story of cRaphaeL
The Story of Murillo.
The Story of Millet
Bach containing Ten Half Tone Engravings of the
Masterpieces.
By JENNIE E KEYSOR, Author of the popular "Sketches of Ameri-
can Writers." Price only 10 cents each. Address
EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING CO.t
809 MARKET ST., SAN FRANCISC
SSJSS^N^xxxx^xxxxxxn,^^^
SEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDS
SEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
If in need of anything for your garden
ivrite for oar Catalogue,
BEE SUPPLIES
POULTRY SUPPLIES
SEND FOR OUR CATALOGUES.
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
FERTILIZERS 11121
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS 160 and 171 Second St
SEEDS
Portland Seed Co.
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
PORTLAND, ORE. SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEED3SEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDS
SEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDS
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
X^VVX'VVV-K'SCK'V
Quality Improved
Price Reduced
COLUMBIA
They arc Built to I^ide.
They are the best Bicycles possible to produce,
by the most skilled workmen, from the best ma-
terials, in the largest and most completely
equipped bicycle factories in the world J> J> J>
HARTFORD \ They arc Handsome Bicycles.
VtDt lit; They are stylish bicycles, and they possess those
% niceties of detail that give an added value to
B, * } the discriminating purchaser £• £• J- J> J> J>
icycles <& \
\ They are Built to Sell.
OTGBCO. J "1S" Pto"
\ Columbia Chainless, Lady's or Gents' . . $75.00
I Columbia Chain, Lady's or Gents' . . . 50.00
1 32- 134 ■ Columbia> Model 49, with '99 Improvements . 40.00
\ Hartford, Lady's or Gents' 35.00 .
SfvfVl ^AypoY * Vedette» Gents' 25.00 |
IX 111 OtrCCt i. vedette, Lady's 26.00 2
We handle the best line of Juvenile Bicycles
Portland, Oregon, j in the Market.
^ JOBBERS IN BICYCLE SUNDRIES.
; Agents wanted in all unoccupied territory in Oregon, Washington,
\ Idaho and Montana.
When dealing with oar advertisers, kindlv mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
A. B. STEIHBACH & Co.
POPULAR PRICE
Cot*. plPSt
and Morrison
Streets
Devers' Blend Coffee J ft Ml Flnsl
TO INSURE GETTING THE GENUINE, BUY IN
SEALED PACKAGES ONLY
CLOSSET & DEVERS
Coffee Roasters... PORTLAND, OREGON
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC .
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
-p^Tgygssz-p-^v j^ ftJ^Hf) C5^ FT F\ "FYF^ F\
Telephone 371... 105, 107, 1074 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
Agents in every city and town in the Northwest to
solicit subscriptions for the Pacific Monthly. Salary
j^j^arj^jrafaf jr'arjra^a^j^a^a^ or commission. Write us at once for particulars.
Address Subscription Department, The Pacific Monthly,
Macleay Building, Portland, Oregon.
\\^e call for, sponge, press and deliver one suit of
your clothing each week for $1.00 per month.
Unique Tailoring Co., 124 6th St.
TH»antet> ...
Oregon 'Phone M. 514.
Columbia 'Phone 736.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The rarific Mnnthh,.
P UBLISHERS* A NNO UNCEMENT.
* I JHK publishers of The Pacific Monthly desire to make the Magazine unique
■*■ among the literary publications of the day. With this end in view, new depart-
ments will be added from time to time, and every effort made to conduct them along
original and interesting lines.
It is evident, however, that this object can be more immediately accomplished by
giving the magazine a distinctive western flavor. Accordingly we call for manuscript
relating ,
PIONEER EXPERIENCES, ANECDOTES,
STORIES OF CROSSING THE PLAINS,
RECEPTIONS BY THE INDIANS,
LOCATING THE NEW HOME,
THE NEW ENVIRONMENT,
ADVENTURES AND ROMANCES OF THE NEW GENERATION,
INDIAN LEGENDS, EARLY CHARACTERS,
THE GROWTH OF A CITY,
LIFE IN THE EARLY VILLAGE,
THE INFLUENCE OF THE INDIAN, ETC., ETC.
Almost every pioneer in the Northwest holds in memory some interesting fact
which has come into his life, or has been told him by others, and the telling of it at
this time will be of intense interest to the world. We hope, therefore, for a very
liberal response to this call.
Manuscript or letters relating to any of these subjects, or along the lines they sug-
gest, will receive prompt and careful consideration.
Any suggestions in regard to these articles, or any ideas relating to any depart-
ment in the Magazine, will be gratefully received. Address all correspondence to
The Pacific Monthly, Macleay Bldg., Portland, Or.
$ " My Health is my For tune, Sir," she said, x
* "and it came from eating "
I RALSTON HEALTH CLUB BREAKFAST FOOD
We are headquarters
on the Pacific Coast for.....
Ralston
** Health Club
Foods
Send us a two-cent stamp with your grocer's name
and receive samples.
ACME MILLS CO.
20-22 North Front Street, PORTLAND, OREGON
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Absolutely Delicious" |
Is the verdict of all 'who have tasted <fc
our Chocolate Creams and Caramels. They V*
are fresh, pure, and of exceptional flavor. S|
Our Ice Cream and Ice Cream Soda are >
unexcelled. Only a step from the street *
and you are in our store. £
DENNIS & GOOD,
322 Washington St., near 6th, Portland, Ore.
N. B. — To the Trade. We are making a
specialty of filling country or 'ers in the most
careful manner. No order too large or too small.
If you want fresh candy and wish to increase
1 your business at once, try an order with us.
.HATTERS AND FURNISHERS..
i
Sole Agents for
94 THIRD STREET
Portland, Ore.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
CARRIES A FULL LINE OF
MOTORS from One-half Horse Power Up
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kinds
of Machinery.
ARC and INCANDESCENT LIGHTING.
Electric and Bell Wiring a Specialty.
Electric Supplies
COR.
SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
ARE NOTED FOR QUALITY OF WORK AND PROMPT SERVICE
JAMES R. EWING
..Bookseller..
Miscellaneous Books
Bibles . . .
JMorthwest Views
267 Morrison Street
PORTLAND, OREGON
Careful Attention to Special Orders
When dealing with our advertisers . kindly mention The I'ariflr Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
)8lUs flbrmtmg Co,
Established in 1887
PRINTERS
PUBLISHERS
STEREOTYPERS
Bulbing in tbe iprinting line
from a caro to a catalogue
Telephone
Columbia 307
105 FIRST STREET
Portland, Oregon
MARK TWAIN
Said we ought to be thankful that Pj/j
we have any weattu r at all.
OREGON'S WEATHER
is a pleasure cwhen you carry one of
MEREDITH'S
SCIENTIFIC UMBRELLAS.
We are exclusive dealers in Umbrellas. Repair work
done promptly and carefully. We make old
umbrellas as good as new.
312 Washington Street, Portland, Oregon.
Ore— PHONES 734— Col.
J>
Model Laundry Company
308 MADISON STREET,
Between Fifth and Sixth
TRADE
MARK.
RIO GRANDE WESTERN RAILWAY.
THE ONLY LINE
-OFFERING-
TWO Routes from Portland.
THREE Routes through Colorado.
FOUR Routes east thereof.
The Grandest Mountain Scenery in America by
daylight.
Personally conducted tourist excursions through
to the east without change of cars.
Free Reclining Chair Cars in all trains.
New and Blegant Equipment.
Perfect Dining Car Service.
(Will be established May ist, 1899.)
PORTLAND,
OREGON
... STOPOVER IN UTAH OR COLORADO ...
GRANTED ON A I, I, CUSSES OF TICKETS.
No trouble to answer questions.
M. J. ROCHE, J. D. MANSFIELD.
Trav. Pass Agt. Gen'l Agent.
142 THIRD ST , PORTLAND, OR.
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Columbia River & Puget Sound Navigation Co.
Portland and Astoria
Steamers Telephone or Bailey Gatzert leave foot Alder
Street daily (except Sunday), 7 A. M.
Leave Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
U. B. SCOTT, President
f R. R. li
WINTER SCHEDULE— Daily
Train No. 22 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 12:15 p. m.
Train No. 24 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at 11:10 p. m.
Return
Train No. 21 leaves Astoria at 8.00 a. m., arrives in
Portland at 12:15 P- mi.
Train No. 23 leaves Astoria at 6:30 p. m. and arrives
in Portland at 10:35 p. m.
Train No. 22 runs through to Seaside, leaving Seaside
■on the return at 2:50 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia River R. R. Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:00 p. m., arriving at
Astoria at 12:15 P- m and 11:10 p. m. Leaving for Sea-
side at 12:20 p. in.
GO EAST VIA
Oregon Short Line Railroad
THE DIRKCT ROUTE TO
Montana, Utah, Colorado
and all Eastern and Southern Points.
AfFordiner choice of two routes via the UNION
PACIFIC Fast Mail Line or the RIO
GRANDE Scenic Lines through Colorado.
LOOK AT THE TIME
N DAYS TO SALT LAKE
1\ DAYS TO DENVER
3i DAYS TO CHICAGO
44 DAYS TO NEW YORK
Free Reclining Chair Cars, Upholstered Tour-
ist Sleeping Cars, and Pullman Palace Sleep-
ers operated on all trains.
For further information, apply to
C. O. TERRY, W. E- COMAN,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
124 Third St., Portland, Or.
[1ST ) * SOUTHERN
- i via PACIFIC
* COMPANY
LEAVE Depot, Fifth and I Sts. ARRIVE
* 6 oop. m.
* 8 30 a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
X 7 3oa. m.
X 450p.m.
(OVERLAND EX-
PRESS, for Salem,
Roseburg, Ashland,
Sacramento, Ogden,
San Francisco, Mo-
jave, Los Angeles, El
Paso, New Orleans
(.and the East.
Roseburg Passenger. . '. .
f Via Woodburn for")
Mt. Angel, Silverton ,
West Scio, Browns- >
ville, Springfield I
(.and Natron. J
Corvallis Passenger
Independence Pass'ng'r
9 30 a. m.
* 430 p.m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
t 5 5°P-Mi.
X 8 25 a. m.
* Daily. X Daily except Sunday.
Direct connection at San Franci«co with Occi-
dental and Oriental and Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND CHINA. Sailing dates
on application.
Rates and tickets to eastern points and Eu-
rope, also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA, can be obtained from J. B.
KIRKLAND, Ticket Agent, 134 Third St.*
Yamhill Division: — Passenger Depot foot of
Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a. m.;
12:30, 1:55, 3:25, 5:15, 6:25, 8:05, 11:30 p. m., and 9:00
a. m. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland
-daily at 6:35*, 8:3°. 10:50* a. m; 1 :3s, 3:15, 4:30, 6:20,
7:40, 9:1s p. m.; 12:40 a. m. daily except Monday
and 10:05 a- *n. o • Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, exeept Sunday, at
4:30 p. m. Arrive at Portland at 0:30 a. m.
Leave for Airlie Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays at 8:40 a. m. Arrive at Portland Tues-
days, Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
* Except Sunday.
R. KOEHLER, C. H. MARKHAM,
Manager. Gen. F. & P. Agt.
Fast Mail
8:00 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
2:10 p. m.
TIME SCHEDULES
FROM PORTLAND.
Salt Lake, Denver, Ft.
Worih, Omaha, Kan-
sas City, St. Louis,
Chicago and East.
Walla Walli, Spokane,
Minneapolis, St. Paul,
Duluth, Milwaukee,
Chicago and East.
d:oo p. m.
8:00 p. m
Ex. Sunday
Saturday
10:00 p. m.
6:00 a. m.
Ex. Sunday
7:00 a. m
Tues.Thur
and Sat
6:00 a. m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Orean Steamships.
All sailing dates subject
to change.
For San Francisco —
Sail every five days.
Columbia River
St arners.
To Astoria and Way
Landings.
Fast Mail
6:45 p. m.
S: ' kane
Flyer
8:jo a. m.
4:00 p. m.
4:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
Willann-tte River.
Oregon City, Newberg,
Salem & Way Landings
Willamette and
Yamhill Rivrs.
Oregon City, Dayton
and Way Landings.
4:30 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
3:30 p. m.
M011. Wed.
and Fri.
Willamette River. 4:30 p:m.
Portland to Corvallis Tues.Thur
and Way Landings. and Sat.
Lv.Riparia
1:45 a. m.
Daily
Ex. Sat.
Snalc River.
Ripaiia to Lewistou.
Lv. Lewis-
trn 5-45
a. m. daily
Ex. Friday
A. SCHILLING. W. H. HUKI.BURT,
City Ticket Agt., Gen'l. Pass. Agt.,
254 Washington St., Portland, Ore
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The lacific Monthly.
XX
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
H »»♦♦»♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ t ♦ ♦ ♦ t <♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ H ♦ ♦ M ♦ H » MM ♦ ♦♦♦.♦ t ♦ ♦ ♦ M ♦ 1 1 M t ♦ »^-
"JVb Community is Prosperous Whose Yeopte a.re Not Employed*'
I You Need Our Factories!!
■<►
•"■ r\ t 0- yO\J preach this doctrine, now practice it. You say you
\ i ±3tVOfttZ& love y°ur nome' now show jt- You say the comn,unity
r **•'' +*' ma/w should be more prosperous, keep your money at home. You
admit we manufacture over four hundred articles of impor-
T-Ts~mm s* ta.nct as cheaply as in Eastern or foreign markets— why not
JT10TTl€ i buy them? You admit that Chicago and other thrifty cities
not so far away were made so by enterprising citizens ; fol-
— ^ low their example. You speak of the patriotism of the whole
l<y\H{i c/f*11 people, hence show unselfish devotion t© the manufacturing
lllUUSlf y \\ industries of Oregon.
M. ZAN, President
E. H. KILHAM, Vice Pres.
R. J. HOLMES, Treasurer
C. H. MclSAAC, Secretary
i»44»»»»»»»4MM»»MHM»»»MHHMMHHMMMMHMHHMM»:
The Favorite Transcontinental Route Between
the Northwest and all Points East.
Choice of Two Routes Through the FAMOUS
^^ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY
And Four Routes East of Pueblo and Denver
All Passengers granted a day stop-over in
the Mormon Capitol or anywhere between
Ogden and Denver. Personally conducted
Tourist Excursions three days a week to
OMAHA, KANSAS CITY, ST. LOUIS,
CHICAGO and the EAST.
For Tickets and any Information regarding Rates,
Routes, etc., or for Descriptive Advertising Matter,
call on Agents of Oregon Railway & Navigation
Co. Oregon Short Line or Southern Pacific
Companies.
S. K. HOOPER, R. C. NICHOL,
Gen. Pass. & Ticket Agt. Gen. Agt., 251 Wash St
DENVER, COL. PORTLAND, ORE.
mi competition
'Sp|CTO^pV
As regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
JUST THINK!
3^ days with no change to Chicago
4.^ days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN:
Trains'are Illuminated by Pintsch Gas,
run Into Union Depots, and Baggage
Is checked through to Destination.
Lowest Rates.
For Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
J. H. LOTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. Agent.
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
>A
I
=%
w
Do You Like .*.*.*
A Luxurious Meal? I
tJ* &**2*10*lJ* W* J^
''TIGER BRAND"
"KUSALANA"
Ceylon Tea
ASK YOUR GROCER FOR
... THEM ...
THE FIRST TIME YOU SEE HIM
$
f
I
Pure Spices ^
"OUR BEST" * I
Roasted Coffee
1
...c4re Items... X
«**£*£ <o>M:/i in/// a/</ materially >£<£<* W
SManufadured and yi>
.&/</ by * * * yfy
I
viz
CORBITT & MACLEAY CO. 3
Portland, Oregon*
uEND TO VS FOR PRICES ON
We arc Manufacturers of thc
Celebrated
Maltese Gross Brand
of Rubber Belt $
Ajax Brand Cotton
Mill Hose...
Rubber and
Leather
Belting...
The Gui pa I nner- Milan
87-89 FIRST STREET, PORTLAND, ORE.
RUSSELL & CO.
A. H. AVERILL,
Manager.
MANUFACTURERS OF
High Grade,
Engines, Boilers,
Saw Mills,
Threshers...
Estirnates furnisned on Steam Plants 0/ all Sizes and for
any purpose. Write for Catalogues.
RUSSELL & CO., - Portland, Ore
When dealing with our advertitenv kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
The Pacific Monthly.
Volume II.
May 1899— October 1899-
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUBLISHING COMPANY,
Portland, Oregon.
The Pacific Monthly Publishing Company.
ALEX SWCCK,
J. THOPBURN ROSS,
WILLIAM BITTLC WCLL5,
LISCHEN W. MILLER, .
President,
Vice-President.
Sec. and Manager,
ftsst. Manager.
COPYRIGHTED 1899 BY WILLIAM BITTLE WELLS.
All Rights Reserved.
CONTENTS.
PAGE
A Monograph Claude Thayer 253
An Etching William II. Shelor 270
A Workingman's Enterprise H. 8. Lyman 147
Art— A Threadbare Topic C. E. 8. Wood 170
A Sketch of the Author of the "Grand Coulee" 108
A New Remedy for Trusts /. W. Whalley 125
A Quatrain Edward Othmer 1 27
A Scene in the "Grand Coulee," Eastern Washington. 102
Art and Its Possibilities in the Northwest W. E. Rollins 18
Attending to Each Other's Faults 181
Art Class in Portland, Orrgon, Y. M. C. A 242
A Metaphor J. W. Whalley 19
Books (Department) .' 35, 38, 134, 181, 231, 283
Chess (Department) 40, 97, 142, 193, 236, 285
Daybreak in Oregon (Poem) Fred A. Dunham 177
Destiny (Poem) Theodore E. Morton 5
Drift (Department)
4 'Ay Want a Mortgage' ' 36
A Young Man's Love 100
Announcement of Sketch 143
An Arizona "Bar" Story 240
College Amenities 98
His Heart Was Won 98
How Some Famous Men Wooed 194
Humorous Selections 196
"Is That All?" 37
John Philip Sousa 38
Low- Voiced People 143
Oriental Maxims 38
Standard Articles 239
Strange, but True 194
The Green Turtle 36
The Judgment 143
The Unsolved Problem of Astronomy 144
The Servant Question in Portland 195
The Oregon Industrial Exposition 237, 286
The Canadian 238
Work and Genius 100
White Squaw Very Brave 36
Fantasie — The Strange Confession of an Unknown
Mystic Ledru Kinney 151
Frank Du Mond, (a Sketch) Lischen M. Miller 217
Greek Lyric Art II. R. Fairclough 71
Hope (Poem) Beulah M. Sigmund 135
"Imperialism vs. Democracy" C. E. S. Wood 55
In the Third Generation (Short Story) Charles Willard 47
"I Must Go Back" 146
Is Ttiis Life a Dream ? (Poem) Valentine Brown 223
John Philip Sousa (Half-tone) 2
Life (Poem) John Leisk Tail 121
Life's Repetition (Poem) '. Adelaide Pugh 207
"Les Martiques," France. . , 108
Life's Cards (Poem) Walter Cayley Belt, M. D 28
My Dream City (Poem) Katharine Farmer 9
Men and Women (Department)
Living Together Edgar P. Hill 91
Love !35
The Question of Marriage Geo. Melvin 185
The Ideal American Citizen • • • 186
The Secret of Happiness W. H. Shelor 229
What Are We Here For? . . 280
Maya, The Medicine Girl (Continued Story) Sam L. Simpson 284
Natewan (Short Story) Adonen 205
Oregon (Poem) T. W. Whalley 210
Old Hankin's Roundup (Story) Adonen 28
Once (Poem) Florence May Wright 221
Our Point of View (Editorial Department) 26, 82, 128, 176, 222, 271
CONTENTS.— Continued. PAGE
Poems of Oregon —
Memaleuse Island Sam L. Simpson 53
The Loves of the Mountains De Etta Cogswell 54
Poems of California —
The Men of Forty-Nine Joaquin Miller 158
The Golden Gate Madge Morris 158
Poems of Washington —
December Herbert Bashford 208
Parting Ella Higginson 208
When the Birds Go North Again Ella Higginson 208
Poem of the Pacific Coast —
Spinning Belle W. Cooke 279
Probable Issues of the Next Campaign Judge A. H. Tanner 209
Phoebe (Poem) S. E 169
Rose of the Bramble Hill (Poem) Valentine Brown 25
Resurrection ( Poem) Adonen 67
Questions of the Day (Department)
Expansion A. II. Tanner » 92
Trusts W. II. Shelor 93
Anti-Expansion --Two Views G. II. A. and H. B. Nichols 136
Is Religion on the Decline? — Two Views W. II. Shelor and L. F. 187
One View of the Woman Question Geo. Melvin 228
Equal Rights for the Sexes Abigail Scott Duniway 278
Sam Simpson As I Knew Him Fred A. Dunham 168
Selection from "The Scorner" Elizabeth Calvert 161
Scene on the Columbia River 81
Semper Fidelis (Poem) Harry E. Burgess 234
The Future of Music in America John Philip Sousa 3
The Voice of the Silence (Continued Story) 12, 75, 122, 162, 313
To Shasta (Poem) Frederick Wards 21
The Dynamics of Speech Robert W. Douthat 22
The Alchemist 42
The Upheaval in Asia, and Its Significance to Portland's
Commerce R. van Bergen 43
To Ethel (Sonnet) /. W. Whalley 57
The Pioneers (Poem) Walter Cayley Belt 74
The Grand Coulee Captain Cleveland Rockwell 103
The Legend of Pueblo de Acoma, the Cloud City of
New Mexico Albert J. Capron 109
Two Poems by Sam Simpson —
Beautiful Willamette 167
The Feast of the Apple Bloom 167
The Haunted Light (Story) Lischen M. Miller 172
The Moral Side of the Philippine War W. R. Lord 199
The Musical Woodpeckers of Burnt River Captain Cleveland Rockwell 211
The Indian "Arabian Nights" //. A'. Lyman 219, 2t»7
The New Idea H. W. Stone 243
The Wind's Story (Poem) Adonen 257
The Unsatisfying Draught (Story) W. H. Shelor 2*8
The Wreck of the Jonathan (Poem) Sam L. Simpson 269
The Month (Department)
In Politics, Science, Literature, Art, Education,
Religious Thought, with Leading Events 29, 84, 130, 178, 224, 273
The Financial World (Department) 94, 138, 189, 235, 284
The Magazines (Department) 32, 95, 139, 189, 232, 281
The Idler (Department) 184, 230, 28^
The Dead Past (Poem) Josephine Peabody 183
The Servant Question 181
The Time Will Come (Poem) Adonen 188
Vogelfrei (Poem) Col. E Hofer 157
Wyeth's Expeditions to Oregon F. G. Young 10, 79, 159
Whistling Quail (Story) Fred Lock/ey, Jr 6
Washougal — An Indian Romance Charles B. Reid 68
Why I Am An Expansionist Wallace McCamant 116
Women and Wages Gustav Anderson 264 '
Worker and Dreamer (Poem) Rosetta Lunt Sutton 232
What If ? (Poem) s . Rosetta Lunt Sutton 141
Sousa on American Music.
Bi — BH
ET/3 I B|J
H"t4JwW.
' — :
the Pacific
AQNTHLY
Volume 2
MAY
1899
Number t
TEN CENTS A COPY ^ ^. ■ J> j» t* ONE DOLLAR A YEAR
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUBLISHING COMPANY
PUBLISHERS j* -.,* >-..;j» 'j» j» ,J« ^ PORTLAND, OREGON
7oA£ accordance with the 'Publishers' announcement in last
issue* The Pacific §M.onthly '•will gradually assume a
distinctly 'western character, and become more and more unique.
From the material already in sight, the Publishers are able to
promise some unusually interesting articles, which will prove
fascinating on account of the peculiar conditions portrayed and
valuable from an historical standpoint. The very spirit of
early times on the Pacific Coast wilt breathe through the
stories, Indian legends and pioneer experiences, which will ap-
pear from month to month. Special attention will also be given
to the 'Departments, notably "The cMonth." Correspondence
is solicited from all especially interested in the above subjects.
I DO YOUB
Toilet Articles, Soaps or Perfumes, or any of the thousand and one articles
carried by a drug firm? Then let us send you our cut-rate catalogue.
IT WILL SA VE YOU "DOLLARS...
Does Photography interest you? Let us send you our Photographic Catalogue.
We earry the largest and most complete stock on the Coast.
Woodard, Clarke & Co.t
FOURTH AND WASHINGTON STS.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
r^A
GOODYEAR RUBBER COMPANY.
We carry in stock a complete assortment of RUBBER GOODS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
ANY STYLE. ANY SIZE. ANY QUANTITY.
MACKINTOSHES
Crack Proof...
...Snag Proof
RUBBER
BOOTS
Druggists'
Rubber
Goods
jftjtjt
BOOTS AND SHOES
"GOLD SEAL"
BELTING
PACKING
AND HOSE
Rubber
and Oil
Clothing
R. H. PEASE, Vice-President and Manager.
73 and 75 FIRST STREET, j* PORTLAND, OREGON.
AVERY & CO.
Furniture and upholstery hardware,
loggers" and lumbermen's supplies.
Sporting and blasting powder"
fishing Tackle.
HARDWARE
TOOLS, CUTLERY.
MCCAFFREY'S CELEBRATED FILES
AND HORSE RASPS.
82 Third St., near Oak,
Portland, Oregon.
The Pacific Monthly.
(The entire content* of this Magazine are covered by the general copyright, and articles must not be reprinted
xoithout special permission.)
"^J R — The Pacific Monthly will hereafter appear on the first of the
* * month instead of at the last as has been the custom heretofore.
In order to make this change, it has been necessary to omit the April issue.
Subscribers, however, will receive the full number of copies during the year.
CONTENTS FOR MAY, 1899.
John Philip Sousa frontispiece
The Future of Music in America John Philip Sousa 3
Destiny (Poem) Theodore E. Norton 5
Whistling Quail (Short Story) Jred Lockley, Jr 6
My Dream City (Poem) Katharine farmer 9
Wyeth's Expedition to Oregon F. G. Young, Ph. D. 10
A chapter in the history of the occupation of Professor of History and Economics
the American continent. Introductory paper. in University of Oregon.
The Voice of the Silence /2
Chapter VI. The writer will be unnamed
for the present.
Art and Its Possibilities in the Northwest W. E. Rollins 18
A Metaphor (Poem) J. W. Whalley 19
Old Hankins' Roundup (Short Story) cAdonen 20
To Shasta (Poem) Frederick Warde 21
The Dynamics of Speech Robert W. Douthat, Ph. D... 22
As Introduced by Philosophy. Professor of Latin in University
(Third Paper.) of West Virginia.
Rose of the Bramble Hill (Poem) Valentine 'Broivn 25
DEPARTMENTS:
Our Point of View (Editorial) 26
Life's Cards (Poem) Walter Cayley 'Belt, §M. CD. . 28
The Month -A Record of the World's Progress 29
In Politics, Literature, Science, Art and Education, -with Leading Events.
The Magazines 32
Books 35
Drift
White Squaw Very Brave 36
"Ay Want a Mortgage" 36
The Green Turtle 36
"Is That All?" 37
John Philip Sousa 38
Oriental Maxims 38
Chess 40
Terms:— $i.oo a year in advance; 10 cents a copy. Subscribers should remit to us in P. O. or express
money-orders, or in bank checks, drafts, or registered letters.
Agents for The Pacific Monthly are wanted in every locality, and the publishers offer unusual in-
ducements to first-class agents. Write for our terms.
Manuscript sent to The Pacific Monthly will not be returned after publication unless definite in
structions to that effect with stamps accompany letters enclosing manuscript.
Address all correspondence, of whatever nature, to
alex. sweek, Prest. THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. CO.,
LTR™N tOSS> Vice Prest- Macleay Building, PORTLAND, OREGON.
W. B. WELLS, Manager. J °
LISCHEN M. MILLER, Asst. Manager.
Copyrighted 1899 by William Bittle Wells.
Entered at the Post Office at Portland, Oregon, Oct. 17, 1898, as second-class matter.
The publishers of The Pacific Monthly will esteem it a favor if readers of the Magazine will kindly
mention The Pacific Monthly when dealing with our advertisers.
PRESS OF THE ELLIS PRINTING CO., 105 FIRST ST . PORTLAND, ORE.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
Transact a General Banking Business
Special Attention Given to
Collections
PORTlyAND, OREGON
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" Ttie Policy Holders' Company "
THE NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
1st A Cash Surrender Value. 2d A Loan equal in amount to the Cash Value.
3d Extended Insurance for the Full amount of Policy, without the request of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-np Policy
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
727, 728 & 729 Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
o. Jfc. Ttfoorehouse dc Co., Sneor/,oratot*
Wait !7>a/>er, &oom T^outd/nys, faints,
Oits, 2/arnisnos, Jtouse, tSiyn
and fresco SPa/ntiny
305 jflder Street, Portland, Orejon
Established 1872
JOHN A. BECK
Dealer in
Waters, Diamonds, Jewelry, Silverware,
270 Morrison St., Bet. Third and Fourth,
Repairing a Specialty PORTLAND, OREGON
For Delicious <& «g
Home Made Bread, Cakes,
Pies, Graham, Whole Wheat
and Biscuit Bread
...TRY,,.
ANN ARBOR HOME BAKERY,
347 Morrison Street,
PORTLAND. OR.
Telephone Red 1842.
Telephone Pink 341.
SCIENTIFIC MASSEUR J. *
cAcute and Chronic Rheumatic Affections,
Nervous Diseases and Obesity successfully treat-
ed by Electricity, Massage, Dry Hot Air, and
Vapor 'Baths. „ , mmm
r N. F. MELEEN, M G.
Office, 318-319 Marquam Bldg.
Free Stiine to All Customers
KNIGHT & EDER
The Medium Priced Shoe Dealers
292 Washington Street
Opposite Hotel Perkins PORTLAND, OREGON
THE J. K. GILL CO.
Finest stations
Masonic Temple, Third and Alder Sts., Portland, Ore.
ALL THE LATEST BOOKS
Prices to Meet All Competitors
ONE OF THE PROBLEMS
Of merchandising has been, how best to advertise.
A store must advertise or it cannot prosper.
IT HAS BEEN FOUND
That magazine advertising pays best in proportion
to the outlay.
MORAL!
Advertise in The Pacific Monthly. 20,000 readers
every month, and btfore the family thirty days.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
|j^ AL,L-Bearing Type-Bar Joints and Fixed
■ Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unimpair-
able Alignment, Lightest Key Action. The
Most Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work.
Carriage locks at end of line, protecting the
writing. Compact Shift Keyboard. Numer-
ous Handy Features. Address for full par-
ticulars,
United Typewriter k Supplies Co.
No. 232 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Whitman College
Entrance Requirements same as Yale
STRONG FACULTY.
THOROUGH WORK.
Classical, Scientific, mterar\>....
....an£> /Ifcusical Departments
HIGHEST STANDARDS.
Walla Walla,
Washington.
mmmmmxa
i [}ank $tore & Omce RAiuite
GRIU WORK rOR CtfMTOR tNCLOSURtS
°mA.ND.0re$oi\.
Wire and Iron Fencing,
Window Guards, Etc.
Tel. Black J96J.
335 ALDER ST.
Both Phones 214.
-STEHM-
GARPET GLEANING WORKS
HUNTER BROS.
550 Jefferson Street, Near Seventeenth.
Blankets Scoured and Re-knapped.
Mattresses and Feathers Renovated.
I/ace Curtains a Specialty.
Carpets Re-fitted and Re-laid.
Orders Received at
Woodard, Clarke & Co., 4th & Washington Sts.
Bum's Grocery, 147 Third Si.
SURETY BONDS
Fidelity and Deposit Company of Maryland.
Capital and Surplus, $2,500,000.00, issues guar-
antee bonds to employes in positions of trust,
Court Bonds, Federal Officers', City, County
and State Officials.' Bonds issued promptly.
Agents in all principal towns throughout
the State of Oregon.
T. L. GILBERT,
Gen'l Agent,
SAN FRANCISCO.
W. R. MACKENZIE,
State Agent,
208 Worcester Block,
PORTLAND, OR.
Telephone Main 986.
Cawston & Co.,
Dealers in
Engines and Boilers,
Wood -Working Machinery,
...Iron- Working Tools and Supplies...
48 & 50 First Street
PORTLAND, ORE.
Blake's Single and Duplex Pumps.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
Use-
THE TELEPHONE INDEX
cA time saber for business men, and the only Index pub-
lished giving both Companies numbers,
PRICE, $2.00 PER YEAR.
For Advertising Space or Subscription, address
G. H. AYDELOTTE, telephones
No, 5 Raleigh Bldg., Portland, Ore.
Oregon Main 816.
Columbia 238.
•: CAN BE OBTAINED ONLY
Pf>rf(>f t ...Through a Complete...
I Metallic Circuit For Mch subscriber, and
Telephone { - No Party Lines.
^ . THE COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY
I Alone has these Advantages.
jj OFFICES, 606-607 Oregonian Building, PORTLAND, OREGON.
j&6*4^4M&«66ft#«#6«6ft6|«|^6^4M&666«666^
IMPORTED SUGARS
DRY GRANULATED
cAll prices under the
sugar trust.
If you want to keep
the price of sugar
down, support the
Importer.
Address,
H
LIGHT BROWN
*
>
i
I W. A. MEARS, 33 Second Street, Portland, Oregon. |
Established 1882.
Open Day and Night.
.* E, House's Cafe <*
ia8 Third Street
PORTLAND, OREGON
Clams and Oysters.
Home-Made Pies and Cakes.
Cream and Milk from Our Own' Ranch.
The Best Cup of
Coffee and Chocolate in the City.
PATENTS
Quickly secured. OUR FEE DUE WHEN PATENT
OBTAINED. Send model, sketch or photo, with
description forfree reportasto patentability. 48-PAGE
HAND-BOOK FREE. Contains references and full
information. WRITE FOR COPT OF OUR SPECIAL
OFFER. It is the most 1 i beral proposition ever made by
a patent attorney, and EVERT INVENTOR SHOULD
READ IT before applying for patent. Address :
H.B.WILLS0N&CO.
PATENT LAJVYERS,
LeDroltBldg., WASHINGTON, D. C.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly,
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION. x
W. H. McMONIES
Wholesale Manufacturer ol
^ Harness, Horse Collars and Leather Specialties ^
Jobber of SADDLERY HARDWARE, Etc.
"SS&.'hES I«"Ped wo,k 74 Front Street, Portland, Ore.
TELEPHONE OREGON MAIN 517
« NO HUMBUG NO SHAMS
! S* W* Aldrich Pharmacy
| .... Corner Sixth and Washington Streets, Portland, Oregon ....
Carries a Complete Assortment of High-Gra.de Drugs
and Chemicals, By constant and careful attention the
3 ' stock is kept fresh and up-to-date
2 Direct Importer of French and English Perfumes, Soaps, Powders, Toilet Waters and
«f Novelties. Particular Attention Given to Prescriptions and Mail Orders. Prices
«| Lowest in the City on Same Class of Goods
i
Northwestern Mutual Life
OF MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Grants more Insurance for the Same Cost or the Same Insurance
at Low*r Cost than any other Company.
Largest Purely American Company.
Official Reports of State Insurance Departments Represent it to be the
Strongest and Best
For Terms, Address
S. T. L0CKW00D & SON, General Agents,
Concord Building, Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertiser!, fondly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY-LEGAL DIRECTORY.
John H. Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commbrciai, Block, PORTLAND, ORE.
Russell E. Sewall,
District Attorney
R. R. Giltnet
GILTNER & SEWALL
Attorneys at Law
Offices, 508-509 Commercial Building
PORTLAND, OREGON
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorneys at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
SAMUEL J. BRUN
Attorney and Counselor at Law
sixth floor, mills building
San Francisco, Cal.
Practices in all the Courts
Library Association of Portland
24,000 Volumes and over 200 Periodicals.
$5.00 a Year and $1.50 a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS— From 9 A. M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Sundays
and Holidays.
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK.
P.O. BOX 157. TEL. MAIN 387.
RODNEY L GLISAN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
ROOM 420
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
Portland, Ore.
MRS. L. M. ROBERTSON
No. 20a Marquam Building;, PORTLAND, OREGON
Fashionable Suits $5 up. Latest French Styles
Satisfaction Guaranteed
Alaska Mines ^™*£|tack
Printed matter describing Alaska sent for 26 Cents in
Stamps.
MILLER & DAVIDSON
JUNEAU, ALASKA
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OF NEW BOOKS AND MAGAZINES
25 Cents per Month
•* JONES' book: store *
2©1 Alder Street, Portland, Oregon
JOHN T. WHALLEY,
attorney at Xaw.
NOTARY PUBLIC.
BENSON BLOCK
N. E. COR. MORRISON & FIFTH STS.
PORTLAND, ORE.
Tel. Columbia 238.
FRANK E. FERRIS, D. D. S.
'Raleigh building
N. W. Cor. Sixth and Washington Sts.
'PORTLAND,
OREGON.
W, H. KINROSS
V©HC^ <SULTUlRe
'Vocal Instructor,
Portland Ladies' Club and SMozart Club.
cMusical Director, Portland Orchestra.
STUDIO 302 GOODNOUGH BLDG-
The Californian Combination
A New Sanitary Suit for Baby in Short Clothes
A unique pattern for waist and drawers in one piece with stocking supporter attachment. It fur-
nishes complete protection to the body in flannel, dispenses with bands, petticoats and numerous pins and
buttons.
For Bathing and Gymnasium Costume Unexcelled
For full description see Trained Motherhood, this number.
Pattern with full directions will be mailed upon receipt of 25 cents. Sizes one and two-year old. The
garments in shrank flannel, natural and white, will be sent upon receipt of Ji.oo. Apply for patterns, cir-
culars and sample garments to Mrs. H. OTIS BRUN, Stanford University, California.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Tacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERIISINO SECTION.
Oregon 'Phone Black 984. Portland Agent for
Columbia 658. Albany (Oregon)
Woolen Mills-
(Stole* Caojrcg,
Civil and
Military Tailor,
n
Rooms 1 , 2, 3, 12, 13, up-stairs.
Entranci, 88MThiro St.
PORTLAND.
OREGON.
Society^**
Card Engravers
and Printers
w. G. smith & CO.
We employ more help than all our com-
petitors in Oregon combined.
y 22 and 23 Washington BIdg., Portland, Or. Y
id Li
128 SIXTH STREET
Shirts 8c. Collars 2c. Cuffs 4c.
All other work in proportion.
C. C. NEWCASTLE
Ventist
GRADUATE MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY
Give us a Trial. Both f>\\on^ 700.
300, 301 and 302
MARQUAM BUILDING.
Portland, Or.
******************************
*> *
* 9
■*t> to
*> X. W. CORBBTT G. E. WlTHINOTOW to
Vice President Cashier
*p \*
4 ^
^ J. VV. Nkwkirk W. C. Alvord ^
^p Asst. Cashier 2d Asst. Cashier to
<* to
First * |
National Bank
PORTLAND, OREGON
♦ COR. FIRST AND WASHINGTON STS. £
4b to
« to
* to
J Capital, - $500,000.00 $
Surplus, - 650,000.00 to
8 ?
Tel. Columbia. 133.
Tel. Oregon Red 2945.
J*
Kruses
Restaurant I Grill Room
THEO. KRUSE, Proprietor.
Stark Street Portland,
Opp. Chamber of Commerce, Oregon.
Gourmand's Headquarters.
Designated Depositary, and Financial to
Agent, United States. %
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
viii THE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—AD VEB TISING SECTION.
MORTGAGE LOANS
On Improved
Portland City Property
In sums from $500 to $500,000 at lowest current interest rain,
npSXl^^ Abstracted and Insured against
1 1 L IC^ Defect or Loss.
TrtlStS Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND TRUST CO.
FIND US IN OUR NEW OFFICES,
FOURTH STREET ENTRANCE
WM. m. LADD, President.
J. THORBURN ROSS, MANAGER.
T. T. BURKHART, ASST. SECRETARY.
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING,
PORTLAND, ORE.
A STOVE
That has given satisfaction to every customer
for forty-six years
THE NAME IS
CHARTER OAK
We carry a full line, as well as a complete line of
HARDWARE, TINWARE, CUTLERY AND ALUMINUM WARE.
cADOLPH cA. T>EKUM
111 first St, G&dsby cBbck
m
JOHNCRAN&CO.
Specialties in
HOSIERY, UNDERWEAR,
DRESS GOODS, LINENS,
Handkerchiefs, White Goods, Laces, Etc
286 WASHINGTON
STREET J* J* J*
Portland, Oregon.
ss$$mj
S* G* Skidmore & Co*
Cut-Rate
Druggists
We give special attention to Prescriptions and
the selection of High Grade Bristle Goods.
J5J THIRD STREET
Portland, Oregon
When dealing with our advertUers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
W. 2
The Pacific Monthly.
MAY, 1899
S<$. i
The Future of Music in America.
•By JOHN PHILIP SOUSA.
AMERICA is pre-eminently a mu-
sical nation. Indeed, we may
go so far as to say that in
no other nation is the love of music
as universal as it is here. The news-
boy whistles as he goes upon his errands,
bubbling over with strains from the pop-
ular airs of the day. The infectious mel-
odies are taken up, passed on and on'
until even sedate and dignified busi-
ness and professional men permit them-
selves to become young again, and
whistle the pent-up melodies. Take a
peep of an evening into our homes
throughout the land, and in thousands
upon thousands there will be found
gathered about the piano a jolly com-
pany of young people singing the songs
of the day, or else listening to the more
or less ambitious efforts of those who
have studied instrumental music. So
we find in nearly every home in the land
a musical instrument of some character.-
In our colleges there are the glee and
mandolin clubs which make annual tours
about the country, and are supported by
the country in a moit liberal and enthus-
iastic manner. America is the Mecca
of the foreign musician. It is here that
he achieves his greatest financial success,
and nothing but a very pronounced love
of music could bring about this condi-
tion. America, therefore, must be con-
ceded a music-loving nation, and when
we realize that there is nothing in other
nations to correspond exactly to the con-
ditions above described, the conviction
forces itself that our countiy must stand
at the head in its appreciation for music.
It is remarkable that this is true, but the
facts certainly justify such a conclusion.
With such love for music its future
here is full of wonderful possibilities.
The conditions point more and more
clearly to the formation of a distinctly
American school, and to a wonderful
domination of music in America. Some
are pleased to say that I have created a
characteristic quality in the march, yet
it is as equally true that we have a man
(Stephen Foster), born in America, who
wrote ballads that are so essentially
American as to contain the very flavor
of the country's music. He wrote "Su-
wanee River," "Massa in the Cold, Cold
Ground," and all those songs of the
early 6o's. Such national melodies as
these form the foundation for more pre-
tentious works. Great ideas spring
from them, and these great ideas, after
being treated in a technical way, develop
into the symphony. Generally the sug-
gestions for such original melodies are
found in the national instrument. For
instance, when you hear the folk-song
of France, it suggests the hurdy-gurdy;
those of Scotland, the bag-pipe. The
folk-songs of gypsy countries like
Hungary, suggest the violin. Ger-
many and England, not having na-
tional instruments, the melodies of
the folk-songs of either country
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
are easily mistaken for those of
the other. The Italian folk-songs sug-
gest the idea of the tambourine and
guitar, and aie of a declamatory style.
American folk-songs may be said to be
radically different from any of these, and
out of them will develop the ideas which
will dominate all music.
Whether the American composers
that are to be will be satisfied to go on
according to tradition in harmonic de-
velopment and continue writing sym-
phonies, is questionable. It is not at
all improbable that they will develop not
only a school of music that will be ab-
solutely national, but new forms, new
modes of expression as well. The sym-
phony in course of time may be the can-
dle-light of music. I believe that the
American composer will not allow him-
self to be limited by the so-called classic
ideas. My theory of the real classic in
music is something entirely different
from these.
A classic is a composition that first of
all comes under the head of an inspired
creation, the result of self-hypnotism,
as it were; a condition wherein music
is composed without the effort of
the composer, and for which he
is hardly responsible. A good example
of such a classic is found again in "Su-
wanee River." It has a pure melody, and
was evidently an inspiration. It has
lived, and it is received by all who are
intellectually honest. The musician
who is intellectually dishonest hates
many of the best things in music because
they do not come under his category.
I would rather be the composer of an
inspirational march than of a "manufact-
ured" symphony. Now, why a man who
manufactures a symphony should be put
down in a special category of composers,
and the man who writes an inspirational
march should not be considered as hav-
ing accomplished as much, is one of the
incongruous things of life that the fu-
ture of American music will certainly
change. We know that that which lives
and lives in an atmosphere of purity is
the best for the world. The "inspired"
works of a composer or an author go
down through the corridors of time,
giving men joy and happiness, while the
manufactured stuff, in art or literatuic.
or music, is placed aside, and the "worms
eat it."
Some years ago a friend of mine start-
ed in to write "stuff." After he had
been writing for some time, and while
I was playing in his city, he came to me
and asked me if I would not play some-
thing of his. I did so, and the music fell
absolutely flat. He saw me afterwards
and said, "I have been writing music
these two years, but the public seems to
want nothing but trash." I asked him
what his mode of composition was, and
he replied that he had been writing
"down" to the popular taste. If he had
written "up" to the popular taste, his
compositions would have been mpre
successful.
It is just such misconceptions of pop-
ular music as this which retards real pro-
gress. Popular music is not trash by any
means. It is music that makes the
whole world kin — music that brings
races together, and it may be either the
simple melody of a popular air or the
stately movement of a symphony, but it
must be music that is inspired, for such
alone is valuable.
A glance at present conditions shows
that we are just beginning to make the
same forward strides in music that we
have made in commercial inventions
since 1776. These inventions were ab-
solutely necesary to the development of
the country, and as a consequence the
American mind during the last one
hundred years has led the world in the
way of commercial inventions. We now
have a very great number of labor-sav-
ing machines and a great many things
that conduce to man's comfort. Take
for instance, the improvement in
the modern bath-tub, which is very
essential, the electric light, the tele-
phone, the telegraph. All of these are
of absolute benefit to mankind. Now
what produced them? Certainly not a
stupid brain. It must have been a bright,
virile brain that was able to find out the
necessity for these things and invent
them. If this brain power has used up,
in a great measure, the field of operation
in the commercial world, — and we must
admit that it has — its energy will be
"DESTINY.
thrown over into the artistic world.
When this brain begins, therefore, to
compose music and write books is it not
reasonable to expect that American mu-
sic and American literature will lead the
world just as American inventions have?
The future of American music, then,
is exceedingly bright. The domination
of an American school over the rest of
the world, which I confidently expect to
occur, will mark an important epoch in
our nation's history, giving us a promi-
nence in a form of human activity that
we have not yet enjoyed, and thus ex-
acting that sort of respect from older na-
tions of the world which the cultivation
of the aesthetic nature alone can give.
Destiny.
When the earth has made her final revolu-
tion,
And she staggers in her path as if with
wine;
When the stars shall blend in fiery solution,
And the sun, burnt out and black, shall
cease to shine —
When the heavens shall roll together
without warning,
And, with mighty noise, shall take
eternal flight;
When the light that flashed the first creative
morning
Shall be overwhelmed by deep chaotic night.
When the universe shall be enwrapped in
fire,
Till the curse of sin is burnt and purged
away;
And when Death himself in deadness shall
expire,
And chaos waits a new creation day.
Then, the earth her mignty force shall have
expended,
And, a burnt and frozen wreck, shall drift
away ;
And then, man's mysterious mission shall
be ended,
And he shall have crumbled back to primal
clay.
Is there then no more, forever and forever,
Of creation's curse and glory, sinful man?
Is the light of life extinct, to quicken never?
And shall all be as 'twas ere the race be-
gan?
Shall that mystic, lambent light called in-
spiration,
Which has flashed along the future's dark-
ened way —
And shall reason's steady, strange illumina-
tion,
Leading out from error's night to wis-
dom's day —
Shall these wondrous powers that dwell in
man expire?
Shall they rust and rot and renovate the
sod?
No; man feels them burn within, a deathless
fire,
And exelaims "I am not clay, I am a god."
"True, the clay in which I live may fall and
moulder,
But the T that knows and wills, cannot
decay;
She shall burst the bands of flesh that now
enfold her,
And be born to spirit-life's eternal day."
If it be not so, then living is but dreamin™,
And creation, but a vain and empty show;
Then Humanity's a farce with tragic seem-
ing,
And faith, a foolish fancy's fervid glow.
Then the wise man is the man who wrings
most pleasure
From reluctant life, as time flies swiftiy
on;
Then the foolish man is he who lays up
treasure
In a heaven to which no man has ever
gone.
If it be not so, then lar.gh and dance, make
merry;
Work your pleasure, be it sad, or be it gay;
With your cla.3 , your good and evil, men
will bury;
And you >ieed not fear a resurrection day.
But it is so. It is written on all nature..
Or the earth and stars and on the heart of
man;
It was not ordained by Heaven's legislature
That man's life should end in dust, where
it began.
No; creation, though a miracle tremendous,
Is a fragment of a mighty plan well laid;
x'ut the other part, a marvel more stupend-
ous,
"s Redemption from the ruin man has
made.
0 nan, O fools and blind! Why be deluded?
\N hen you live your little life here, is all
done?
No; man's destiny will never be concluded
Till he lives eternally, beyond the sun.
Theodore E. Morton.
Buker City, Oregon.
Whistling Quail.
A Legend of the Alsea Indians.
^By Fred Lockley, Jr.
LONG ere the white man had won a
foothold upon the Pacific Coast, the
western shore of Oregon was the
home of the Alsea and Siletz tribes of
Indians. It was a long-established cus-
tom of theirs to give great potlatches, or
feasts. When one of these rose to the
dignity of a tribal affair it was a matter
of no small importance. For days before
the feast the various members of the
tribe busied themselves in securing a
bountiful supply of provisions for the
coming event, consisting largely of rock-
oysters, mussels, clams and fish. The
shell heaps which are so frequently found
on the Oregon coast are the result of the
great potlaches given by these tribes.
This legend, which the Alsea Indians
still tell around their camp fires, I tell as
it was told to me.
Among all the Alsea maidens there
were none who could compare with
Whistling Quail. Tall, lithe and active,
with symetrically rounded form, her face
oval in shape and dark' tinged in color,
eyes dark-brown, almost biack, slumber-
ous and heavy fringed. tier ringing
laugh and bird-like voice were so clear
and pure that they had won for her the
name of Whistling Quail. It was not
strange that, as she took on the added
charm of maturity, many youths of the
tribe sought to win her heart.
Her father noticed her increasing
beauty with a heavy heart, for he knew
the time must soon come when his lodge
would echo no more her clear voice and
merry laughter.
As he sat in the door of his lodge
watching the sun sink beneath the waves
of the Pacific, Whistling Quail came up
the path from the spring with an earthen
jar of water.
"Come, my daughter," said her father.
"Come near and listen to mv words."
Whistling Quail, with swift obedience,
approached and stood in respectful si-
lence before her father, for he spoke not
often, but when he spoke his words were
wise.
"Sit down, my child, I have much ta
say to thee." When she had seated her-
self at his feet he continued slowlv:
"When thy mother, Lolieta, was yourtg,
none in all our tribe could surpass her
for beauty. Thou, child, art as much
like thy mother when she was thy age as
thy two moccasins are like each other.
The time will soon come when thou wilt
leave thy father's lodge for that of an-
other. My heart is heavy when I think
of thy going. Thou hast thy mother's
beauty, but thy father's heart. Thou
hast not the heart of a woman like thy
brother, Trembling Leaf. His heart is
weak within him. The Great Spirit was
angry when thy brother came. He gave
to him, not the heart of a brave, but of
a timid doe. When fever laid hold of me
so that I, the strong man, was weak as
the new-born child and sick unto death;
when all my kinsmen fled from me
through fear of the sickness, it was thy
mother who, through the dreary days
and long nights closed not her eyes in
sleep, but fought the fever spirit, seeking
out healing herbs and strength-giving
roots till she had won my life from the
evil spirits of sickness. When thou
goest to the lodge of some brave of our
tribe be thou as faithful to thy husband
as thy mother has been to me, and thou
wilt ever have his love and honor. For-
get not my words, my daughter."
"My father, thy words shall dwell in
my heart. I will follow thy counsel, I
will be faithful;" she paused, then added,
"even unto death. Whistling Quail little
knew how soon she would make good
her promise.
"Go now; I have finished," said her
father.
Many there were to woo Whistling
Quail, but the time came when she found
WHISTLING QUAIL.
she loved one of her suitors above all
others. When he urged her to become
his wife, she responded: "I am young
yet, my loved one; thou must wait many
moons ere I come to thy lodge. When
the young leaves come again I will come
to thee."
All was activity within the scattered
wigwams along the banks of the Alsea
bay. It was but a few days; till the great
tribal potlatch would occur. The Klick-
itats who lived far inland w,ere to be the
guests of the Alseas. The calm surface
of the bay was dotted here and there
with the long, narrow, double-pointed,
canoes, each made from a single tree by
the aid of fire and rude implements of
flint. In the bottom of each of the canoes
knelt a sturdy boatman, his swift paddle
stroke making the keen prow cut
through the waters. With spear poised
stood an Indian in the prow, from time
to time directing with gutteral monosyl-
ables the movements of the paddler.
Now he motions the paddle to cease.
The keen flint-pointed spear descends,
and the water is lashed to foam by the
struggles of that king of fish, the salmon.
Others of the tribe are procuring rock-
oysters, clams and mussels, while the
women and boys gather wild honey and
an abundant store of berries.
Soon their guests in holiday attire ar-
rive. The games are followed by the
feast, which soon dispels their habitual
gravity, and talk, laughter and good-
feeling prevail. One towers above the
others. It needs not the distinguishing
marks of the chief of the Klickitats to
designate him as no ordinary brave.
Not one in all his tribe can shoot an ar-
row so far or so straight as he. When
his braves go on the hunting trail there
are few who equal the number of deer he
kills.
When hz first saw Whistling Quail his
eye lit up with pleasure. As he watched
lier rapid and graceful motions, saw her
sparkling eyes and bright smile, he re-
solved that she, and none other, should
come to his lodge. He was not accus-
tomed to refusal. He was the chief of
the tribe; she would feel the honor he
was bestowing upon her; then, too, it
would cement the ties of friendship be-
tween the two tribes more firmly. Thus
reasoning, he watched for an opportun-
ity to see Whistling Quail alone.
Beneath the heavy shade of a grove of
fir trees on the banks of Alsea bay there
is a spring of water which gushes up
clear and sparkling. Here he met her.
In the figurative language of all primi-
tive people he told her of his love.
"To my heart thy voice is as the sound
of sparkling waters in a thirsty land.
What the sun is to the day, what the
moon and stars are to the night, thou art
to me. Without thee my life will be a
sunless day, a starless night. Come and
be the light and joy of my lodge."
Whistling Quail told him she was
promised to another; that he must find
among his own people a maiden who
would gladly go to his lodge.
When Whistling Quail and the chief
had disappeared among the trees, the
stealthy figure of Spotted Snake emerged
from behind a tangled clump of black-
berry vines and ferns. There was a look
of cunning ferocity upon his face. As
he looked at the retreating figures he
muttered, "Whistling Quail laughed at
me when I asked her to come to my
lodge. She told me when the hedgehog
mated with the eagle, when the snake
and the dove lived together, then she
would come. She will find that Spotted
Snake never forgets, and when the time
comes he can strike."
The guests with many expressions of
good will departed, taking with them
presents of sun-dried salmon and
smoked smelt.
In due time a runner from the Klicki-
tat tribe arrived with an invitation for
the Alseas to attend a game potlatch.
The invitation was promptly accepted.
When the morning of departure ar-
rived the women and others who were
not to go gathered along the shores of
the bay to witness the departure of their
kinsmen who were to go by boat to the
head of the tide, then on foot to the
camp of their hosts.
Whistling Quail watched the boats till
they disappeared around a wooded bend
which hid from her sight her lover and
her father. It was fortunate for her
peace of mind that she could not know
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
what dark, revengeful thoughts were
passing through the mind of one of the
Alsea braves who, with deep and steady
stroke of the paddle, made his canoe
skim the surface of the water, the sun-
light gleaming and flashing from the
glistening, dripping blade. Ostensibly
Spotted Snake was going to the potlatch
with the same motive as the others, to
participate in the feast; but that was
least in his thoughts.
"I will point out to the chief of the
Klickitats his rival," thought Spotted
Snake. "I will tell him if Whistling
Quail's lover were to be accidentally
killed that she would be his squaw. Then
I will go to Whistling Quail and tell her
that her lover is dead, and the chief of
the Klickitats caused his death. I will
avenge her by killing the chief of the
Klickitats and then she will come to my
lodge."
Spotted Snake smiled with satisfaction
at his plan. His mind busied itself with
details of how he could ambush the
chief, and, with one well-pointed arrow,
kill him. Meanwhile, with strong mus-
cular stroke he made his paddle bend as
the boat cleft its way through the water,
making the mirrored, over-arching trees
and imaged sky dissolve in rippling cir-
cles.
The Alsea guests did ample justice to
the feast of venison and bear meat pro-
vided for them. Though Spotted Snake
had carried out his plan of pointing out
to the chief Whistling Quail's lover, yet
the chief as host treated them all with
the utmost courtesy, trying in every way
to add to the pleasure of the visitors. In
spite of his affable manner, Whistling
Quail's lover, looking up suddenly at the
chief, thought he saw a strange gleam in
his eye, but the expression was instantly
dispelled.
When the Alseas departed they were
given presents of jerked venison and
deer hides, but to the father of Whistling
Quail were given the finest presents. His
gifts of buckskin was of softer and finer
tanning than that of the others.
Spotted Snake was disappointed — his
plan had come to naught.
Out on the bay, in his canoe, Whist-
ling Quail's lover was fishing. Whistling
Quail stood by the spring where the
Klickitat chief had told her of his love.
With her hand she shaded her eyes while
she looked far out over the bar where
the sun had just sunk beneath the
waters.
The silence was broken by the voice
of the chief of the Klickitats, who had
come without a sound to betray his
presence. "I have come for Whistling
Quail," he said. "My canoe is waiting
just above the bend. Will she come."
Whistling Quail pointed over the bay to
.where a canoe was slowly coming shore-
ward.
"There is the brave to whose lodge I
will go. He is the only one I ever have
loved or ever will love."
At her words the chief gave a scornful
glance at the approaching figure in the
canoe. "Whistling Quail, if you will
come with me now, I will not harm
him," said the chief, with a gesture of
contempt toward the still approaching
figure, "but if you will not come to my
lodge, you shall never go to his." Then
laying his hand on her arm, he said,
"Come, let us go."
Whistling Quail's eyes flashed, her
nostrils dilated. "Coward, I do not fear
thy threats. Go, boaster. You have my
answer."
Stung to the quick, the chief, without
a word, turned and disappeared among
the trees.
Whistling Quail looked at her lover,
and her eyes took on a softer expression.
She thought of the time when she would
have a new home. Her reverie was in-
terrupted by the twang of a sinewed bow-
string. Her gaze had been fastened on
her lover out on the bay. She saw him
lurch forward into the water, the up-
turned canoe floating beside him. With
a cry of anguish she sprang to the
water's edge, leaped into a boat, and
with the strength of love urging her on
she reached and rescued her lover.
The fatal shaft had done its work too
well. Where it had pierced his breast
the lift-blood gushed forth with every
labored breath. With her lover's body
lying in the bottom of the canoe, his
head resting on her lap, Whistling Quail
paddled slowly over the bar. Across
SMY "DREAM CITY.
the darkening waters came a pure, sweet
voice singing the plaintive death song of
her nation. Her dying lover's eyes
rested on her with a look of love and
trust as they drifted out toward the sun-
set skies. Soon their boat was rising
and falling on the peaceful breast of the
Pacific. The twilight faded and they
had disappeared from sight.
The Indians say that sometimes when
the twilight is fading they can hear above
the moaning of the bar a sound like far-
off singing. Then they bow their heads
and say, "It is Whistling Quail's death
song. It is her dirge for her dying lover.
She was faithful unto death."
My Dream City.
One morning my soul was aweary,
And I said from a heart of despair:
"Ah! what is the end of this dreary
Long road with its tangle of care?"
Then was it that slumber crept on me,
So* swift while the morning was new,
Ah! the wonderful city before me,
Outlined in the pale, hazy blue!
A glimmer of streets that were golden,
And gates white and shining, of pearl!
A glint, from the walls rare and olden,
Of amethyst, jasper and beryl!
A cadence of music immortal
That rang in my heart all the day,
And the streets and the walls and the portal
Had faded in azure away.
No more has the vision of glory
Dawned for me in the pale hazy west;
But tonight, like a sweet bed-time story,
Its memory soothes me to rest.
Katharine Farmer
Wyeth's Expedition to Oregon.
1832-3.
A chapter in the history of the occupation of the American continent.
Introductory Paper.
"By F. G. YOUNG, Ph. CD., Professor of History and Economics in the University of Oregon.
HE story of American history so far
* centers around two main topics-r-
the growth of a new order of national in-
stitutions and the occupation of a conti-
nent. In the progress of occupying the
North American continent and pre-
empting it as a home for a new civiliza-
tion there was one move of paramount
difficulty and danger.
All the previous history of the world
had enforced the principle that high
mountain ranges and broad belts of un-
inhabitable country constituted the nat-
ural limits of national territory. But
the god Terminus was overturned and
forever dishonered when the Oregon
pioneers threw .the arch of continental
occupation across the vast expanse of
arid plains and rugged mountain systems
into the Columbia basin. It is to the
Ulysses in this culminating act of west-
ward movement of the American peo-
ple that these papers refer.
At the opening of the year 1832, when
Nathaniel J. Wyeth had first matured his
plans for an expedition to the Oregon
country, the situation showed that a
leader able to do and dare had long
been waited for. A quarter of a century
had elapsed since Lewis and Clark had
threaded the villeys of the upper Mis-
souri to their heads and followed the
waters of the Columbia to the western
ocean. An accurate account of the
character of the country and its inhabi-
tants was immediately given to the
world. The work of exploration had
proceeded far enough for the next step
toward colonization. The Winships
(1809) and then Astor (181 1) made at-
tempts at occupation with trading posts.
Nearly twenty years had now gone since
these ventures had suffered dismal dis-
comfiture. These failures had not pro-
voked renewed efforts for the conquest
of the difficulties barring the way to ex-
pansion to continental proportions.
True, there had been immediately a con-
siderable development of fur-trading ac-
tivities, with St. Louis as a base. An-
nual expeditions by two or three com-
panies were made to the headwaters of
the rivers flowing into the Pacific. Now
and then American trapping and trading
parties would penetrate to California
and far down the tributaries of the Col-
umbia. But American enterprise seemed
to quail before the difficulties involved
in securing such a foothold in the Pacific
Northwest as could become the nucleus
of a colony and begin the development
of the country's resources. There was
no promise in the posts of the fur com-
panies scattered sporadically through the
Rocky mountains.
From 1820 on, however, there was a
gradually increasing interest in spots in
the project of Oregon colonization.
Senators Floyd, of Virginia, and Ben-
ton, of Missouri, constituted a center of
agitation in congress. There were other
centers in Maryland, Louisiana, Ohio
and Massachusetts. Capital showed its
proverbial timidity, notwithstanding
rose-tinted estimates of the feasibility of
a Missouri-Columbia water route for
commerce and the opening of an enor-
mous lucrative trade with China. It
will be remembered that the prime ob-
ject of the Lewis and Clark expedition
was to disclose the route for such trade.
With our joint-occupation entente exist-
ingwith England, farmers and mechanics
could hardly be expected to venture un-
til they had assurances from congress
that they would be protected in their lives
WYETH'S EXPEDITION TO OREGON.
If
and in their landed possessions against
the English and Indians. It took a
struggle of a quarter of a century before
the government definitely gave these as-
surances. The pioneers, as we know, did
not wait for them, and were managing
pretty well as an independent commun-
ity when adopted into the national fold.
Expansion towards the Northwest was
up-hill business in those times at Wash-
ington. The fear of violating the treaty
with England was the bugaboo. So
difficult did the occupation of Oregon
appear in the eyes of the statesmen of
that day that some of their talk reads
like "sour grapes."
But to turn our attention to the quar-
ter where resolution was first to ripen
into action for opening the Oregon trail
and for colonizating uregon. It needs
but little thought to show how natural
it was that the leadership in the renewed
move on to Oregon should have pro-
ceeded from Boston. First we have an
agitation with soul all afire with the idea
of colonizing of Oregon. Then appeared
"a born leader of men" "fitly called cap-
tain" to organize and conduct expedi-
tions over the perilous route to the far-
>ff land.
Eastern Massachusetts was develop-
ing William Lloyd Garrison when Hall
J. Kelley, a Boston school teacher, in
1815 became an enthusiast for the secur-
ing of the Oregon country for the Uni-
ted States through colonization. Boston
traders had so far monopol'zed the trsde
with the Indians on the Pacific Coast
that they had no other name for Ameri-
cans than "Boston men." Conspicuous
among the promoters of American ac-
tivity on the Pacific were the company
of Boston merchants who began the
American trade there by sending out
Captains Kendrick and Gray. Boston
was the best source of inspiration on
Oregon occupation, though Senators
Floyd and Benton got theirs from asso-
ciating" with some men who had been
connected with the Astor expedition.
This knowledge about Oregon brought
into relation with a sense of our national
interests at stake there naturally kindled
the mind of the Yankee, who was a born
enthusiast, to a blaze of patriotic fervor.
From 1824 on Kelley gave himself up
to the work of agitation for the coloniza-
tion of Oregon. In 1828 an emigration
society with a large membership was in-
stituted. This was incorporated in 183 I,
and the spring of 1832 was fixed upon as
the time for setting out on an overland
expedition to Oregon. But something
more than mere enthusiasm was needed
to get an expedition even mustered,
equipped and started for Oregon, to say
nothing of conducting it successfully
through two thousand miles of wilder-
ness. At this time Nathaniel J. Wyeth
was 'i'j years old and was superintend-
ing a flourishing business with some
separate interests of his own. His pros-
pects seemed bright, his connections
good, but his active mind and daring
spirit had become enamored with the
project of conducting a venture with the
opportunities he thought would be found
in Oregon.
He partially engaged to attach himself
with a company to the expedition of the
Boston Colinization Society, of which
Kelley was the secretary. When, how-
ever, Kelley's scheme began to assume
an utterly impractable form Wyeth
drew off and led his company to the Pa-
cific, while Kelley's never got started.
I cannot do better at this point with this
leader whose fortunes I propose to fol-
low in the succeeding papers than to
give James Russell Lowell's estimate of
him, written thirty years after Wyeth's
death : "I feel as if I had a kind of birth-
right in your Portland, for it was a
townsman of mine who first led an expe-
dition thither across the plains and tried
to establish a settlement there. I well
remember his starting sixty years ago,
and knew him well in after years. He
was a very remarkable person whose
conversation I valued highly. A born
leader of men, he was fitly called Cap-
tain Nathaniel Wyeth as long as he lived.
It was the weakness of his companions
that forced him to let go his hold on
that fair possession. I hope he is duly
honored in your traditions."
The Voice of the Silence.
By one of Portland's leading citizens, a prominent member of society, tvho for the present tvill
remain unnamed. The author, a close student of human nature, holds that character is
stronger than circumstances, and undertakes to illustrate his theory in a decidedly novel and
interesting manner. The hero and heroine, taken from real life, and undoubtedly <well
known to the majority of our Portland readers, are placed in a vurely fictitious environment
•where they proceed to toork out the ^writer's ideas. — Ed.
Chapter VI.
*t A ND that is the fair barbarian from
£\ the wilds of Nowhere. Well, I
must admit that I am disap-
pointed."
"Pray what did you expect? A dusky
savage draped in a blanket, with a ring
in her nose and feathers in her hair?"
"What I did not expect was a Greek
goddess in a. Parisian toilet and the air of
a duchess. Take your young savage —
the type is too conventional for me. I
had hoped for something new and novel,
I looked for originality at least. I feel
that we, that is to say society in general,
and I* myself in particular, have been
cheated. We were promised a sensation,
and after all the talk and speculation, the
rumors and half-told tales, we are treated
to — that!" Mrs. Natron waved her fan
with tragic emphasis. "It is a shame, a
downright fraud— half the people here
tonight came out of sheer curiosity.
Twas ever thus! My dolls are always
stuffed with sawdust."
She shrugged her pretty shoulders
and glanced up with a coquettish pout
upon her red lips, and her companion
smiled indulgently as he relieved her of
the carved ivory toy and began slowly to
fan her.
"You are hard to please," he said.
"Any reasonable mortal would be satis-
fied with a goddess in a Paris gown.
Now I am reasonable. I confess that
the feathers and the nose ring would have
been a shock to my aesthetic senibili-
ties."
"Ch, of course! I shall expect to see
you chained to her chariot wheels along
with the rest. There's nothing like a
new face — and when the face is beautiful,
why the result is — inevitable. Go, I re-
sign you to your fate."
"Let us defer the fatal moment as long
as possible. Besides, I have been out of
town and I have not heard the story.
Who is this Miss Devore, and where did
the Coreys capture their prize?"
"Somewhere in the wilderness — in the
land of Nowhere, which, as everybody
knows, is on the remotest edge of the
world. She is a relative, a cousin, no, a
niece and heiress to an immense fortune.
It was the fortune that set them hunting
for her. Ambrose Devore, her father,
was Mrs. Corey's brother. He was
queer, a misanthrope, made so by the
death of his young wife. Love had'nt
gone out of fashion in their day, it
seems, and he adored her. Foolish, of
course — but he did, and when she died
he buried himself and his infant daughter
in the wilds, forswearing the world and
THE VOICE OF THE SILENCE.
13
so forth. Well, he died there, and the
girl grew up somehow. Last summer
the Coreys found out about the inheri-
tance and about the girl. They had dif-
ficulty in locating her, and still more in
effecting a capture. At first — the story
runs — she would have none of them —
refused to leave her rocks and rills, or
whatever it was that had enthralled her
youthful affections. Finally she offered
to compromise. She would come on
condition that she be allowed a few tribes
of wild Indians for companionship and
protection in her perilous venture into
the jungles of polite society. The Coreys
fought hard against the Indian outfit.
They thought a white savage would be
a handful, but the girl stood firm. It
was a case of love me, love my squaw — ■
and so here they are, Indian pappoose
and all, peacefully domiciled beneath the
Coreys' aristocratic roof. There, that's
the whole story, my dear colonel. I don't
mind telling you, sub rosa, that I think
its a charming fabrication. That girl
never got her regal manner in a cabin in
the wilderness. Its a nice little romance,
but — it's fiction. Come and be pre-
sented."
The colonel closed the fan in an absent
sort of a way. "Not tonight," he said.
"I only dropped in for a moment. I've
a business engagement at my club, and
now that my sister has seen me among
her guests, my duty to society is dis-
charged."
"Are you so conscientious, then? Al-
ways devoted to duty?"
"I should be if the reward were always
this," and he clasped her hand lightly
under cover of restoring the fan.
In passing out he found himself in the
immediate vicinity of the attraction of
the evening, and at that moment Elise
half turned and their eyes met. Perhaps
because he was the only man in the room
who did not seek an introduction, who
seemed utterly oblivious to the fact of
her beauty, and whose glance expressed
neither interest nor admiration, the girl
remembered him, and questioned her
aunt. When they returned from the ball
they sat before the fire in the latter's bed-
room and talked it all over after the
manner of women, while Nanita brushed
her mistress' dark elf-locks and listened
to a recital of her triumphant entry into
society.
"Oh, he! Why, he is Colonel Ran-
dolph. Did you not know, was he not
introduced? He is Mrs. Banks-Berry's
brother, and it is unpardonable — his be-
havior, but then he is a woman-hater,
you know."
"No," murmured Elise, "I didn't
know. There, Nanita, you are pulling
my hair. Please braid it, and let me get
to bed. I am sleepy and tired."
"Dear child, you are not used to late
hours. Well, good night and happy
dreams."
But when the lights were out and Na-
nita had gone to her own couch, Elise
tossed restlessly upon her downy pillows
and wondered why of all the men she
had seen that night the one that claimed
her thoughts was he who only was in-
different. She was vaguely irritated and
annoyed. This was her crumpled rose-
leaf, and it kept her from her dreams till
the day awoke.
There was no question about it. Mrs.
Corey's beautiful niece was the reigning
belle that season. Society went wild
over her. Such grace, such loveliness,
such amiability was rarely combined in
one flawless whole. And Elise herself
took to the new life as if she had known
no other; she brought to it all the keen
enjoyment of youth and health and un-
cloyed appetite, She danced, and
dressed, and flirted that gay winter
through.
At the end of her second season peo-
ple began to wonder, and whisper that
she was hard to please. At the close of
the third they said openly, "She is a
heartless coquette — she will not marry
unless she can marry a title." And it be-
gan to be remembered against her that
young Hollister-Smith was an exile in
Central Africa for her sake, that Melton
Morris, the richest and handsomest parti
of two cities, was hunting tigers in India
because she refused him after a long and
persistent courtship during which it was
peifectly plain to everybody that she en-
couraged him in every possible way.
There was a baker's dozen on the list at
least, and there seemed no indication of
14
THE PACIFIC MONTHL Y.
a falling off in her charms. Mothers
with marriageable daughters began to
regard her with distrust. Mrs. Corey
was not insensible to the situation. She
might have interferred to change it if she
had been a woman of less discernment.
Long before this, however, Elise had
begun to weary of the ceaseless round of
pleasure. There were times, re-occuring
with ever-increasing frequency when the
emptiness of the life she led came upon
her with a dull sense of pain, and she
wondered vaguely where it was all to
end, this rush and hurry from day to day,
from fashion to fashion, this mad strug-
gle to outshine one's neighbor in the
matter of dress and entertainment — this
make believe loving, this unsatisfied
thirst for — did anyone really know
what?
Once when she dropped some hint of
this to her aunt the latter said in all
seriousness, "You should get married,
Elise. There is nothing like responsibil-
ity to rid one of idle fancies."
"Are married people, then so happy?"
cried the girl with rare disdain.
"Where love is, yes," answered the
older woman quietly.
"Oh, love!" murmured Elise. "Yes —
love — oh, well — but one cannot love to
order."
She was standing by the window in
the library, and she fell to dreaming in
the gathering twilight, not of her tri-
umphs, not of the loves that had been
laid at her feet, nor of the beauty and
the wealth that made her at once the
most sought-after and envied of her set
these three gay, care-free, happy years,
but of the cabin under the pines, of the
days when, a little child, she roamed the
hills and leaned to listen to the wild,
wierd music of the sea. Ah those were
happy days, but these! Had they brought
anything equal to the joy that came of
breasting the wind on a summer after-
noon along the smooth hard beach, with
the white surf combing and crashing in
and the headlands looming purple in the
distance? And then those days when
the winds were still, when the blue of the
sea and the blue of the sky were one,
and the warm air upon cheek and brow
was like a kiss, so tender was its touch,
and the golden sands were- edged with
pearl and the world lay mute and dream-
ing under the spell of the "Voice." Ah,
the "Voice of the silence!" It echoed
through her dreams at night and haunt-
ed all her daytime thoughts. Since a
baby, swinging in her reed-woven ham-
mock under the pines she had heard it.
In the stillness of the summer night, in
the long winter evenings when elfin foot-
steps pattered on the shingles where
The rain battalions marshalled,
Wheeled and passed with flying feet.
It called to her, "Elise, Elise." How
the memory of it thrilled her even yet!
Often the words were lost, their mean-
ing drowned in the sweetness of their
own music, or smothered in rippling
laughter. Only he who has listened to
that "Voice" can understand its power.
And this triplicate of years, had they
brought happiness? Had they not, after
the novelty passed, brought rather a rest-
lessness, a dissatisfaction, an uncertanty
that was at once both sweet and bitter?
She had taken this gay world of fashion
by storm and had reigned from the first
moment without a rival, and now — she
was tired, sick of it all. And the one
thing that was not her's — that alone she
coveted and would have. Therefore,
though she longed for the quiet of the
cabin in that Nowhere land, and to hear
again the roll of the surf upon the south
shore, she staid where she was and bore
her part in the gay pageant called so-
ciety.
But the day had brought a disappoint-
ment, and tonight —
"Nanita, do you want to go home,
back to the river?"
A sudden glow like a leaping riame
sprang into the black eyes that met her
own in the glass, but the voice that re-
plied was slow and soft as it always was:
"Yes, if I go with you and the boy."
Elise rose from the low chair before
her dressing-table. "You have surpassed
yourself tonight. My hair never looked
so well. Are you sure that pin will hold?
Now, my gown, please. Of course,
where you go, Nanita, the boy goes, and
I go. We will speak of it again. Oh, to
see the rhododendron bloom upon the
THE VOICE OF THE SILENCE.
15
hills and feel the north wind in my face!"
Two spots of red dyed the brown of
Nanita's cheeks, and her little hands
trembled at their task. The thought ox
the old, wild life— the freedom, the prim-
tive simplicity of it all came upon her
with an overwhelming force that all but
swept away, for once, her natural re-
serve. All the Indian in her rose in sud-
den revolt against the restriction of her
present environment. She knelt to
smooth out the silken train of her mis-
tress' ball dress, and the latter, glancing
down, noted with a quick pang of re-
morse that the dark, handsome face of
her faithful attendant had lost its girlish
roundness — the healthful bronze of sun
and wind had given place to a dusky pal-
lor.
"How blind I have been, and how sel-
fish not to have seen before that Nanita
is pining for a change," thought Elise.
"She is Indian at heart, and an Indian
cannot endure captivity. For Nanita's
sake I must go home."
"Home" was always the cabin under
the pines. "And yet," she said, over and
over to herself, "Nanita is happier than
I. She has nothing to regret, the boy
atones for all."
In her own experience there were
many, many things that she would have
been glad to blot out. She had ven-
tured dangerously near the edge of the
precipice more than once. There was a
sort of fascination in the mystery that
lay engulfed beyond that shelving brink.
It was merely curiosity that impelled her.
The force of a real temptation had never
assailed her. She was one of those for-
tunate or unfortunate women who are
born with an "Algerian" chill in the
blood, who go through life untouched by
the fire that "makes the meadows flame
with daffodils." It was merely a pas-
time, a pleasure that sometimes palled —
this experimental testing of human af-
fection, this probing of human hearts.
She was always sweetly sympathetic
when her victims suffered, but she was
never satisfied till she had guaged the
capacity of each for pain, and knew his
good and evil, the measure of his weak-
ness and the limit of his strength. When
she inflicted a wound she was ready to
heal it with a smile or a caress. The
sight of another's unhappiness she could
not brook, and so she was often lavishly
kind where kindness was the refinement
of cruelty. Sometimes she was reckless,
because she was conscious of a pair of
eyes that regarded her actions with in-
difference, and she preferred disapproval
to indifference. Every art that a beauti-
ful woman is capable of she had exer-
cised to win this man. And, he was to-
day, to all appearances at least, as obliv-
ious to her charms as he had showed
himself on that evening when under his
sister's roof she made her triumphant
entry into his world.
Colonel Randolph was no longer a
young man. His years, in fact, more
than doubled those of the girl whose
dreams he unconsciously disturbed. He
had drifted through life in a pleasant,
aimless fashion, taking the world as he
found it, and it must be confessed that
he found it a very delightful sort of a
place. He was not a rich man, as for-
tunes are rated in these days, but his
tastes did not incline him to extrava-
gance. He lived well, dressed well and
took a conservative interest in political
affairs, was invited everywhere, and was
regarded by mothers of debutantes as
perfectly safe.
Tonight as Elise, a vision of loveli-
ness in her white draperies and gleaming
pearls floated into the ballroom in Mrs.
Corey's wake she came face to face with
Mrs. Banks-Berry on the colonel's arm.
"O Mrs. Corey, how fortunate. I
must see you just a moment. Let us
slip away from the crowd. My brother
will take care of Elise."
Before she had time to realize the sit-
uation her chaperone had vanished. She
looked up timidly and met the colonel's
smiling glance.
"It is a clear case of desertion," he
said. "I am afraid I shall prove a sorry
substitute, and I do not dance."
Elise slipped her hand through his
arm. "Take me away from the noise,"
she said pleadingly, very much as a tired
child might have" said it. "The music
makes my head ache."
The colonel regarded her with an
amused smile, but in a moment he was
16
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
all sympathy, for he caught the glimmer
of a tear on the long lashes that veiled
the dark blue of her eyes. "Come in
here," he said, putting aside the velvet
draperies that curtained off a little alcove
at the far end of the hall. The place was
dimly lighted, and when he dropped the
heavy folds between them and the bril-
liant crowd the sound of the music and
voices reached them only as a confused
murmur. Elise sank down upon the
divan. She looked pale in the dim light,
and her hands, clasped in her lap, trem-
bled visibly. Her companion stood
looking down upon her with something
akin to anxiety.
"Is there something I can do for you?"
he said. "Some wine or an ice?"
"No, no," she protested, "I want noth-
ing. I am quite well, quite. It was only
to get away from the noise and the peo-
ple."
This was the one opportunity of her
life she felt. If she let it slip — but she
would not. She had dreamed of this
moment, she had hoped, had prayed only
to be with him alone, and now her heart
was beating so loud and fast she won-
dered if he heard it. Her throat was dry,
the muscles contracted till she seemed
choking. She was cold and numb, but
she summoned all her strength to the
effort and dragged her eyes up to his
face.
"Won't you sit down, please?" she
said, sweeping her skirts aside to make
room for him.
He sat down. "I am afraid you
should have staid at home," he said, tak-
ing her fan and unfurling and furling it
again. "You look pale."
"I did not wish to come, but my aunt
insisted, and" —
"And what?" He was looking into
her eyes now — deep and darkly blue as
the unfathomable seas. She swayed in-
sensibly nearer.
"I knew you would be here." She just
breathed the words, but he heard and
smiled.
"You are not ill. I see you are quite
yourself; but are you never serious?"
She leaned back against the wall. He
thought she must be going to faint, she
was so white, but she murmured, "I am
serious, now. Surelv you do not doubt
it."
He regarded her with curiosity not
unmixed with sympathy, for he had that
softness of nature common to strong
men in that he could not bear to see a
woman suffer, and the girl before him
was evidently suffering. Her beauty left
him unmoved, but he was touched by
her pain. She was to him, and had been
from the first, simply a butterfly of fash-
ion— a degree more beautiful, it is true,
than the rest of the radiant swarm that
fluttered in the brief sunshine of social
success, and therefore more extravagant-
ly heartless than they, without conscience
or moral responsibility, without other
aim in life than to be admired and
amused. He had stood aside and looked
on in good-natured contempt for the
folly when younger men thronged to
worship at her shrine. That he could
ever himself rome to feel the slightest in-
terest in a creature so frivolous had never
occurred to him. Her grace, her charm,
her manner, her loveliness of face and
form appealed to him no more than if
they were non-existent. He did not ad-
mire the type. In fact he cherished old-
fashioned ideas about women. If he ever ;
married, a thing he had no intention of
doing, he desired his wife to be some-
thing entirely and distinctly different
from the women he met in society. He
was not by any means a strict moralist,
and he managed to get as much — good
and bad — out of life as most men of his
time, but he compared the woman of to-
day with his mother and grandmother,
and found her degenerate.
"It would hardly be polite to doubt
your word. Therefore, when you 'say
you are serious at the present moment,
I accept the statement as absolutely
true." He smiled down into her eyes,
"You see how helpless I am. Are you
not satisfied?"
But she gave no answering smile. In-
stead her lips quivered and tears came
into her eyes. She was hurt, humiliated
and frightened. It was such a dissap-
pointment, this moment, from which
she had expected — she hardly knew what
— but certainly something far different
from this. Her throat ached with the
THE VOICE OF THE SILENCE.
17
effort to speak, but the words would not
come. It came over her, all at once, that
he must know and despise her for her
weakness — perhaps was amused by it. A
great wave of hopelessness swept up
from the gulf of despair and submerged
her in its bitter chill. He did not care,
he never would care. There was no long-
er any joy in life, any light in the world.
She stood up blind and dumb in her pain,
too miserable to make even a pretense
at pride. He rose, too.
"Forgive me," he said gently, and put
a supporting arm about her, holding her
for one never-to-be-forgotten moment
against his breast. "You are really ill,
let me call your aunt."
"No, no. Take me home, please,
take me home," she whispered, the
movement of her lips brushing his throat
just under the ear, quickened even his
cool pulse, and made his voice tender
with something more than sympathy, as
he replied, "Certainly, if you wish it."
She sat down again upon the divan.
"I shall be gone but a minute, be patient
till I return. I will take care of you."
Elise leaned back against the cushions,
her eyes closed and aching: wi&i the pain
of unshed tears. In the brief interval of
his absence she gave up hope, sank to the
bottom of the abyss of despair, and inch
by inch, step by step, fought her way up
the crumbling steep ouly to be thrust
back by the cruel fact of her own help-
lessness, and the knowledge of his indif-
ference. The one thread that ran un-
broken through all this tumult of bitter
passion was the longing to get away, to
get home, to hide her bruised pride and
broken hopes from prying, curious hu-
man eyes.
Home was not her aunt's palatial city
residence, but her own little cabin in the
wilderness.
'() Mother Nature, thou alone art
kind!" Oh, to fling herself face-down-
ward upon the warm, brown earth — to
feel the great strong heart upon which
she had leaned through all her fair young
life, beating once more against her own
— to forget — to forget.
"Have I exhausted your patience? It
took longer than I thought. I had to
hunt up a maid whom I could bribe to
smuggle out your wraps." The colonel
was standing there with her cloak upon
his arm and her fur-lined carriage shoes
in his hand. "Come," he said, "let me
put these on for you." He knelt at her
feet and slipped the warm boots on over
her satin slippers, then rising, half lifted
her from the divan and wrapping the
fleecy folds of her cloak about her bare
shoulders clasped it under her chin.
"Now," he, said, "we are ready," and
drew her hand through his arm with a
firm, kind pressure. They were fortu-
nate enough to escape observation on
the way out, though Elise, in her present
state of mind, was oblivious of appear-
ances. The colonel put her in the carri-
age, gave the number to the driver, and
got in himself.
"I cannot let you go alone," he said.
"I should not be able to sleep tonight if
I had not first seen you safe under your
own roof."
"You are very kind," Elise found voice
to sav at last. "I — I wish I could thank
you."
"Oh, no. I assure you it is a pleasure
to serve you. I am sorry, though, that
your evening is lost. The last ball of the
season, too. That must mean something
auite dreadful to a reieninsr belle. Are
you comfortable?" He reached over to
make sure that she was well-wrapped,
and felt her tremble beneath his touch.
"You are nervous," he said, and added
to himself, "It is just as well that you
are to have no more dancing for awhile."
Then aloud, "Ah, here we are! Lean up-
on me, please," as he helped her out and
led, half-carriel her up the steps, to her
own door.
"Call Miss Devore's maid," he com-
manded the sleepy footman who let them
in. And when Nanita, alarmed and anx-
ious, came swiftly in — he said good-
night, and went away.
(To be Continued.)
Art and Its Possibilities in the Northwest.
<By W. E. ROLLINS.
"Art is long, life short, judgment difficult,
opportunity transient. * * * The excel-
lent is rarely found, more rarely valued. The
heights charm us, the steps to it do not;
with the summit in our eye we love to walk
along the plain. It is but a part of art that
can be taught; the artist needs it all. * *
Whoever works with symbols only is a pe-
dant, a hypocrite, or a bungler. The instruc-
tion which a true artist gives us opens up
the mind; for where words fail him deeds
speak." —Goethe.
EVER since the creation of man, art,
even in its crudest stages, has ex-
ercised a certain influence upon
the moral development of the race. It
has been justly said that the civilization
of a nation is judged by its arts, and it is
the conscious or unconscious aim of the
true artist to educate the public in these
matters by raising the standard of taste
through his own productions, whether
these take the form of architecture, sculp-
ture, painting, or the industrial arts.
In looking back over the centuries we
marvel at the great achievements of the
ancients who built monuments that are
enduring as time. They were skilled
workmen and finished artists. They
carved upon the mighty Sphinx the cun-
ning of the hand. They built, carved
and painted, with the hope that their
work would last to eternity. To them
the arts of sculpture and painting were
simply forms of eternally durable his-
tory.
Greece drew her inspiration from
the art of Egypt, but carried it to a high-
er degree of development. Since the
Renaissance, we find that the art of the
nations attained its degree of excellence
by a feeling of life, and truth of character.
The artists who flourished in the four-
teenth and fifteenth centuries delighted
in the physical development of the
human form. Michael Angelo, the mas^
ter of such marked indivuality and power
that none dared to walk directly in his
steps, loved in his blind old age to linger
over the lines of the torso. Leonardo,
loved to express the majesty of the fig-
ure, and Raphael the beauty.
Landscape painting as now practiced,
was an art unknown to the ancients, and
was hardly, if ever, attempted, except in.
a decorative way, nor did it appear early
in the renaissance of art. It is therefore
a new art, scarcely three hundred years
old. Claud, who may perhaps be re-
garded as the earliest of landscape paint-
ers proper, was the first to put the sun i
in the heavens. Carot, to point out and
paint the poetical in nature. Turner, by
the knowledge of and the close applica-
tion to the truths of nature in his early
life, became the great master that he
was; and in many of his marines one feels ]
the weight of water, the scudding of the
storm-riven clouds. The sudden bursts
of light that touch here and there, coup-
led with the dash and refinement of his
art, show the mighty force, gathered
from the storehouse of knowledge, that j
led to such results. Inness, America's
greatest landscape painter, gathered his
strength and inspiration from nature.
His knowledge was so accurate and he
worked with such rapidity that, although
he paid close attention to detail in his
early life, he was able later by a few well-
directed strokes to suggest so much that
the mind felt satisfied and supplied the
absence of detail. His latter work was |
waves of color, beautiful color, a soul-'
language which, if you did not under-
stand, you felt.
Great records have sprung from sim-
ple and beautiful truths. The great mas-
ters of landscape labored in the fields,
upon the mountain side or by the storm-
beaten shore, prying into and solving the
problems of light, of atmosphere, and of
color. Nature was their guide, and by
their earnest efforts they have left us
monuments of enduring greatness.
Nature then is the fountain-head for
the creative faculty of man, from which
<ART AND ITS POSSIBILITIES IN THE SNJDRTHWEST.
19
he draws inspiration to express through
the senses the great principles of unity.
And we of the Northwest, surrounded,
as we are, by perpetual expressions of
her beauty, should feel doubly blessed.
But do we fully realize the beauty and
the grandeur that exists here at our very
doors? Are we not really blind, — so
wrapped up in the pursuits of commer-
cial gain that we fail to see the vast and
imposing panorama continually spread
before us? The winding rivers whose
banks at every turn unfold picture after
picture, the distant peaks, the continuous
ranges and the general landscape,
dimmed by mist, darkened by storm or
lit by sunshine! From such material an
Art shall be evolved by the people and
for the people which shall be a happiness
to maker and beholder. The physical
characteristics of the Northwest afford
every variety of subject, from the wood-
ed interior to the bold and rugged line ot
coast. To the painter of fancy, of ro-
mance, and of history, to the followers
of the realistic and the impressionistic
schools, here is ample material so boun-
tiful and fresh as to call forth the best
that is in us.
Scott felt the true and beautiful in
nature, and his observation and love of
color is clearly shown in —
"The sultry summer day is done,
The western hills have hid the sun,
But mountain peak and village spire
Retain reflections of his fire.
Old Barnard's towers are purple still,
To those that gaze from Troller hill;
Distant and high the tower of Bowes
Like steel up on the anvil glows;
And Stanmore's ridge, behind that lay,
Rich with the spoils of parting day,
In crimson and in gold arrayed,
Streaks yet awhile the closing shade;
Then slow resigns to darkening heaven
The tints which brighter hours had given."
It is to be regretted that our sons and
daughters who have studied some years
abroad, come home and are content to
paint our scenery with the same feeling
and color they have been taught to see
there. We have as yet no distinctive
American art. Our art must be charac-
teristic to be great. France is character-
istic in her art, therefore great; so are
many of the nations. In my opinion art
students who go abroad should go to
learn how to paint, but on their return
paint our scenery as it is given to us, as
it is.
The condition of art at the present in
the Northwest is not encouraging. The
commercial, the social, and the pessi-
mistic, feeling that exists here is chilling
to every effort on the part of the strug-
gling artist. Yet to those who remain
here better times are coming. A new era
is about to dawn. Surrounded as we are
by these eternal and beautiful truths, we
shall awaken to their meaning. We shall
learn in time to appreciate and love them.
Then there shall be born an Art for the
people, — by the people, — an Art fed,
plentifully and freshly from the glorious
possibilities of this great Northwest.
A Metaphor.
I saw an organ in Cathedral vast,
Untried, untouched. Anon a Master's hand,
As rushing air swept through its reedy pipes,
Upon its key board woke grand melody
That rolled reverbrant through the Gothic
fane,
E'en thus thought I, by heavenly Builder
framed
Instinct with latent harmonies divine,
Man's soul an organ is, that as the wind
Which "bloweth where it listeth," enters in,
Yields to the Master touch of God's own
Son,
Harmonious vibrant chords of thankful
praise
And fills that temple which the soul con-
tains.
/. W. Whalley.
Old Hankins' Roundup.
"By cADONEN.
HE heard his wife calling- excitedly to
him as he rode by, but would not
turn his grim old face that way;
though he did give one swift glance to
see if Wedgie, his dead daughter's little
son were there. That three-year-old ty-
rant was the one person before whom old
Hankins became humble. His wife and
college-bred son must do as the Wash-
ington cattle-men had done: keep out of
the way.
Little by little Hankins' ever-increas-
ing herds had swallowed up those of the
smaller stock-raisers. Whole bunches of
their cattle disappeared in a night; and
one brave fellow who resisted the raiders
went down with a bullet through his
head. But Old Hankins grew rich, built
a modern house, and if there was little
love for him in the embryo city, why —
he was a good hater himself.
The one man whom he hated most
cordially was his near neighbor, MacLo-
mond. The hardy Scotchman had made
the most effectual fight against the di-
minishing- of his stock. By his shrewd-
ness and native perseverence he had
more than once made the old cattle king
hand over. And on one occasion, when
a bunch of steers were being driven to-
ward the boundary regardless of their
various brands, MacLomond's daughter,
Leava, had been in the saddle sixteen
hours in order to meet the cattle thieves
with the sheriff and posse. She saved
the cattle, but the herders escaped, and
every one knew it was Old Hankins'
money that helped them across the Col-
umbia.
Well, the old cattle king hated Mac. as
the best of us hate what we fear; and
next to her father, he favored Leava with
his sincerest curses. At first he was dis-
posed to look with contempt at the slight
figure and fair, freckled face, with its
frame of heavy red braids; but after the
episode of the sheriff and posse, and one
other, he changed his mind. The other
took place when Leava began teaching
the district school. Hankins slyly hint-
ed to three of the roughest boys who at-
tended the school that there was a pony
apiece for them if they would run the
teacher out. Of the three, one had be-
come her brightest pupil, the other her
stoutest champion, and the two had given
the third boy a whipping he would not
forget that term.
And the only time the old man had
been angry at Baby Wedgie, was when,
acting as usual upon his own advice this
independentinfant had visited the school.
The indignant grandsire towered oyer
the small autocrat and thundered, "How
dared you visit that — that hussy?"
When young Hankins came home that
night his father ordered him to go over
and forbid Miss MacLomond to allow
Wedgie to enter the school-room.
Al returned from his errand two
hours later, and said of course he did not
insult the young lady by mentioning it.
Indeed, he thought it would be a good
plan to take Wedgie over to school for
an hour every day. At the dinner table
he absently asked his father to pass the
dimples, and the next day walked over to
MacLomond's with a book Leava had
expressed a wish to read. The heavens
did not fall on him, but Old Hankins did,
and in the domestic earthquake that fol-
lowed his mother quietly sided with Al.
* * * * * * * *
So today the old cattle king was
rounding up his steers with a savage
look in his black eyes, and an ominous
squaring of his iron jaws. He was hot
and dusty and furious.
A dozen fat steers had broken awav.
and for once he had failed to cut them
off. He was angry at himself for refus-
ing to hear what his wife and called to
him as he passed the house. And now,
right in the face of his ill-temper. Leava
MacLomond came dashing up the lane
OLD HANKINS' %OUNDUP.
21
on her little black horse, directly toward
the tramping herd of excited cattle.
Her horse must be running away with
her or she would never ride to almost
certain death like this. But the drove
was going slowly, and she might have
time to turn her pony and escape yet.
Then a worse devil than he had ever be-
fore harbored took possession of Old
Hankins' heart.
The girl had halted just in front of the
oncoming mass. She must have lost
her presence of mind, for she dismount-
ed. As the old man saw her bright
braids and jockey cap on a level with
the tossing herd, he broke into a fierce
yell, spurred his horse and cracked his
long stock whip, startling the frightened
cattle into a wild stampede.
Through the dust he could see her try-
ing to regain the saddle, as the fright-
ened herd charged down upon her. Her
horse was true and steady, but she was
unusually clumsy about mounting; for
twice she was almost in the saddle, only
to stagger back among the sharp horns
and bloodshot eyes.
The old man could not turn his mup
derous eyes away, and an oath bolted
through his clenched teeth, as with torn
jacket and bloodstained face she mount-
ed and dashed down the lane. But the
oath changed to a prayer, — the first he
had uttered in fortv vears, — a wild
prayer for God's mercy and help. For
the wounded girl, swaying dizzily in the
saddle, the reins swinging loose on the
horse's neck, her right arm hanging help-
lessly by her side, clasped with her left a
little figure whose dirty pink dress and
brown curls belonged only to Wedgie.
They tell yet of the leap Old Hankins
made over the board fence. They say
no racehorse ever covered the distance
in the time he got to Leava's side, and
caught her and the boy from the horse.
"He's all right," she said, wiping the
blood from her cheek and smiling in the
old man's ashen face.
"Me wunned away to help grandpa
herd," Wedgie explained.
No one ever knew of that awful deed
in the hard old heart. For in the days
thatLeava was imprisoned with a broken
arm, he so haunted the MacLomond
ranch, begged so hard to be of service
and seemed so happy to give her any
pleasure, that the family quite took to
him. And in the delight of being took
to, Old Hankins blossomed into a really
neighborly old rascal.
Wedgie and Al are both frequent vis-
itors at the school; and when his son
looks over to the light in the MacLo-
mond window of an evening, Old Han-
kins says sweetly, "Go on, Al, I'll do the
chores."
To Shasta.
Majestic monument! by God's almighty hand
raised up on high!
Rearing thy stately crest, snow-crowned — to
kiss the sky.
The fleecy halo of the shadow'y clouds, en-
cirlce thy fair brows
And nature o'er thy breast, her spotless
mantle of chaste winter throws.
In awesome grandeur, day
by night
Thou stands't alone, stern,
of spotless white.
The winter storms, the
may come and go,
Thou keeps't thy lonely,
vigil o'er the earth
by day, and night
silent in thy robe
summers' winds,
solemn, ceaseless
below.
We, wond'ring mortals, pigmies, crawling
neath the dome
Of the Empyrean, sapphire-arched! our brief
care, sorrow-burdened home
Shall pass away, decay, and be forgotten, as
all mankind must be;
But, as thou art, immovable, shalt thou re-
main, until eternity!
frederick Warde.
The Dynamics of Speech
As Introduced by Philosophy.
<5y ROBERT W. VOl/THAT, Th. <D., 'Professor of Latin in University of West Virginia.
Third Paper.
« A LITTLE philosophy is a danger-
l\ ous thing," and so we wish to
add one more article on a phil-
osophy which is designed to explain all
the conditions and operations of both
the natural and the intellectual world, —
a philosophy that, beginning with Chaos
and constructing a Kosmos; beginning
with geology azoic and peopling the
earth with its myriad animal and vege-
table life; beginning with man and
developing all art and science and litera-
ture, shall consequently apply to the
very form and sound of the words and
even letters that come forth from man's
mouth.
Such a philosophy has, of course, a
wonderful sweep and cannot all be ex-
amined here; but by passing hurriedly
along a single line across the great plains
and taking observations from the Rainier
peaks we may view as a whole the pla-
teaus of immensity spread out before us;
and having thus seen the features of a
part of this Cordillera range of magnif-
icence, we have a general knowledge of
the whole from the Alaska of recent
development to the Patagonia of fabled
fire.
But speaking without figure, let us
say, "The philosophy of interpretation"
is here furnishing the groundwork of a
system for ''linguistic interpretation,"
and hence it was necessary that the prin-
ciples of construction for the whole
should be briefly stated.
THE NEW CATEGORIES AND
WHAT WE CAN LEARN FROM
THEM.
If we behold a separation (in fact),
that is, any individual part of any sub-
stance, we know there must have been
somewhere a comprehension, out of
which this individual part has come.
If we see anywhere a manifestation of
power, we are led to seek the source or
comprehension, out of which that power
came; and we cannot avoid seeking the
cause (a sub-genus, or only another
name for comprehension), when the et-
fect (a sub-genus or species, or only
another name for separation or exten-
sion or limitation) is presented. For a
long time in the history of science, men
had no definite conception of the com-
position of the sun, the great center of
our system; but now by means of the
spectroscope, we ascertain that most of
the substances found on our earth are
also present in the composition of the
sun. The same may be said of the most
distant stars; hence the conclusion that
the whole universe was once a connected
mass or chaos and that the parts are sep-
arations from the great original compre-
hension.
When a heavy body has gone down-
ward toward the center of the earth, we
have said, "that is gravitation," or ''the
attraction of gravitation," and have
explained by saying, -"this is a force by
which all bodies or particles of matter
in the universe tend toward each other."
Well, whether the definition be right or
wrong, the fact remains that the more
comprehensive or compact the mass, the
more certainly will* this comprehensive-
ness or compactness tend to become the
center of any body whose particles are
free to move. What we wish to demon-
strate is this, that separation presupposes
comprehension, that limitation presup-
poses extension; and that whatever we
find in any part of the universe in a
separated condition was, so far as sub-
stance is concerned, once in a state of
comprehension; that whatever we find
occupying definite space of position, as
a limitation to its compactness, was
placed in that position or occupies that
THE DYNAMICS OF SPEECH.
23
space by virtue of extension, — extension
from the original comprehension or ex-
tension of its own particles by expansion.
Just here we begin to find fault with
the earlier categories, because they prove
to be only methods of investigation for
physical phenomena. We want categor-
ies that will be available for the condition
and operation of all things in the ma-
terial, intellectual and spiritual universe;
and we think we have at last found four
that will be satisfactory in every realm
of nature, for all operations of the mind,
and for all phenomenization, and revela-
tion of the spirit.
In the "Philosophy of Interpretation,"
a book almost ready for the press, we
try to show that nature from the earliest
dawn of creation to our own time has
used and must continue to use for all
time the four generic principles, and that
by these we can interpret all that has
gone on in the past or shall go on in the
future in the natural, mental, and spirit-
ual universe.
Did any of the concepts under the
head of categories originate in the
thought from which the categories them-
selves have come? Very few; and there
we think we discover a lapse from the
connection, — the proper connection of
thought and speech. Genus is a term
denoting birth, origin, descent, and yet
in all the ages past our logicians have
not given us a single category that could
be called a source of the concepts that
have been placed under that category.
Are we in our study of mind empirically
to neglect the chief source of its expres-
sion, language? And are we to limit
ourselves materialistically to the mere
"History of Words?" Will not the
"Categories of the Universe" prove to
us that man has been in all the past an
imitator of the "Divine Mind" as ex-
hibited in the world about us?
We will admit that there is a connec-
tion between matter and wood, stone,
metal, flesh, grain, plant, etc., etc., but,
what is the connection? — only that ad-
mitting observation and investigation
and use under the senses. The same
conception that produced the word mat-
ter did not produce the words stone and
grain. Hence, there is no psychological
connection, and this will be found true
with most of the species.
Take Ampere's second category and
locate any series of expressions under it.
Mind and memory have a close psycho-
logical connection, and all have a con-
nection with thought; but, did each orig-
inate in the same conception? Surely
not. If they had, then the expressions
would have similar marks. Children of
the same parents do not differ much in
general features. Then, expression,
which represents the features of the
outer world by pencilings controlled
from within, should exhibit to the senses
the connection between the inner control
and the outer conditions.
The older categories seem to deal only
with facts under present notions, and not
to take cognizance of the acts, — mental
acts that should have decided the place
of each expression as it has come forth
from within the mind.
Now, the question that seems to call
for decision is this, Should our categories
be arranged to suit notions or names, —
to suit materialistic conceptions of the
properties and behavior of the things
about us or to suit psychological con-
ceptions of the form, features and actions
of all things we can observe or investi-
gate or use? — Or should there be two or
more sets of categories, one to suit ma-
terialistic views, for the benefit of phy-
sical science, and the other to suit the
psychologist or spiritualist?
We answer, one set will be enough for
all thinkers and for all names and no-
tions, if we will allow that one set to
represent the action of the mind in con-
ceiving the form, features, actions, and
conditions of all things within and
around and above and below us, and
that one set is clearly brought out in the
following:
Comprehension as an act or as a fact;
separation as an act or as a fact;
extension as an act or as a fact;
limitation as an act or as a fact.
Comprehension is an original or com-
pleted condition, or the action of bring-
ing together things having some connec-
tion. Separation is a condition brought
about by an inner or outer force, and
shows part of a greater whole. It al-
ways implies a piece of some original
comprehension. Extension is a condi-
24
THE PACIFIC SMOUTHLY.
tion brought about by an inner or outer
force, and shows the whole or like parts
continued. Limitation is a completed
condition, — the mould has been filled,
whether we think of man or his mind or
his spirit, or of the naturdal world in any
or all of its various forms, or of the posi-
tion which any one thing now holds.
Organized form came from design
and could not have originated in matter
alone; for matter, when left alone, must
obey the laws of equilibrium. To pro-
duce organism, there must be intelli-
gence, and that intelligence incapable of
error, else what is organized cannot per-
form its functions.
If we find a faith in the world that
proves to be helpful to man in his phy-
sical, mental, and spiritual development,
we immediately decide that that faith is
uncorrupted; for that which makes man
better must be like in its elements to that
which was delivered by Him who knew
man's whole nature; and so, from the
adaptation of this teaching to man's
inner and outer life, we conclude that the
doctrine must have come from the De-
signer of the being that is is process of
development. If, on the other hand, the
faith does not fit the man, we decide that
there must be an error or some errors in
that which proves to be non-effective.
Just as in the physical world, God has
given all that is good for man's body and
by a proper use of this all, man lives and
grows; still if, out of this good material,
man takes too much of one thing and
too little of another, he may destroy his
body. So also in this spiritual realm,
the fact that there are many faiths is
proof that there was somewhere in the
past a true faith; and, wherever men
have developed most completely, there
was most of the truth, and, wherever
they have gone from good to bad most,
there was most error.
Faiths must be judged by their fruits;
for separations are similar to comprehen-
sions.
For all intellectual and spiritual be-
ings there is, first, mental comprehen-
sion of relations, before there can begin
separations from that comprehension.
If the historian writes the story of any
country, he must, before he begins, know
the storv himself in all its connections;
then, and only then, can he inform oth-
ers. If a painter desires to describe ac-
curately with his pencil any scene, he
first gets possession of all the facts that
shall represent that scene, and then by
means of his pencil he transfers his com-
prehension to canvas. JJ. the sculptor
decides to make a perfect form, he seeks
for everything that can represent part of
that form, studies all the relations of the
parts, and then begins to chisel into
beauty his comprehension of what con-
stitutes the perfect.
Categories then represent the condi-
tions and operations of all things in the
physical, mental, and spiritual universe,
including man's imitation of all that is
imitable.
Morals and machinery will fall under
man's imitation. Morals may be consid-
ered the outward observance by man
with man of laws deduced from the
order and harmony of nature and con-
forming in many of their features to the
laws delivered by the Lord from Mount
Sinai and spiritualized by Jesus Christ in
the Sermon on the Mount.
Machinery in its simple or compound
form is the observance by man in works
of art of the order and harmony of na-
ture, no operation being successful that
does not follow nature's laws.
Linneus, the great Swedish naturalist,
said, "Stones grow, vegetables grow and
live, animals grow, live and feel." Jesus
Christ added by His teaching the im-
portant and never-to-be-forgotten fact
that man, the crown of God's creation,
man the immortal, not only "grows, lives,
and feels," because of his connection
with material things, but also lives spir-
itually because of his connection with
the spiritual head of the universe. Hence,
as spiritual beings, we may broaden the
statement of Linneus, and say, "Stones
grow, vegetables grow and live, animals
grow, live, and feel," and man grows,
lives, feels, and has spiritual emotions
and immortality by his connection with
the Eternal, the Omnipotent, and the
Omnipresent God.
Man and all other intelligences are
absolutely bound by these categories.
All the universe proclaims their sway.
If omniscience has in all the ages past
wrought in all the universe according to
THE DYNAMICS OF SPEECH.
25
these principles, nor ever in any single
act assumed another ground on which to
plan, construct, move, or stop a star in
all the mighty host that sweeps the sky;
nor yet to feed the multitude in worlds
so vast as ours; and yet, in all these
realms, for man, His image and His care,
to learn through "science" the workings
of His mind so great; nor yet for science
to transcend in imitation bold a single
law that He has fixed to govern atoms
small, solid, liquid, or ethereal, above,
beneath, around, or in ourselves; nor
yet the way our souls must take to know
Himself as Father, Friend, and Savior
for our race, — if this be true, how can a
Finite Mind another method take in
planning any form that can a purpose
serve in all the world? How can he
think or speak or act on any principle
not divine? Acts physical must ever-
more to mind suggest the methods true
for every operation great or small that
finds success, and hence the thought will
tongue direct in utterance of the form
that fits the act, or shape to likeness or
to fact.
Logically, it stands thus :
(i) Through the senses all our
knowledge comes, — that knowledge by
which all plans are laid;
(2) To us the works of God or men
are models for our imitation, and these
models must be our copies for speech or
other form of expression from within;
(3) Therefore, expression from with-
in conforms to expression in the works
of God or men, in copies made and
shown without. We must use the prin-
ciples divine and so far imitate the ages
past.
(To be continued.)
Rose of the Bramble Hill.
Rose of the Bramble hill,
Let the sunlight kiss thy ruddy lips,
It smiles on thee;
Sweet as a morn of spring thou art,
When the clouds cast tinted rain,
And the zephyr pauses, with the sun
To smile on thee.
Wert thou mine own, mine only,
The thorns thy bower surrounding
Would envious be;
For thy heart on mine were throbbing,
And my eyes in thine were gazing,
And our lips in love were meeting;
0 envy me.
Thorns of the Bramble hill,
Behold the glow upon uer lips,
Not there for thee;
Dark as the murky haze thou art,
When the fire winds sweep the dale,
And youth and love and sweets her own,
Are not for thee.
Rose of the Bramble hill,
Could the sweetness of thy fragrant
breath
More charming be?
Fair as the sunset hour thou art,
When earth and sea and heaven glow,
And dream comes o'er me — could a dream
More charming be?
O thou art mine, sweet treasure,
And the voicings near us utter —
Thou lovest me!
And my life with thine is moving,
It lives, it dies, it slumbers
In thee — I wait thy whisper —
Thou lovest me,
'Valentine tBrocwn.
The future of America, considered
solely from the standpoint of present
conditions, is anything but assuring.
Socially the country is in a peculiar tur-
moil. Wealth is being more rapidly con-
centrated in the hands of a few than
ever before in the history of the world.
Indeed, so many trusts of a gigantic na-
ture have recently been formed that the
attention of the whole country has been
called to the fact, and alarm expressed
over what is considered by many as a
dangerous tendency. Add to these con-
ditions the assertions that the nation as
a whole has lost its early ideals, and has
become corrupted by the extent of its
wealth and power, and it is not hard to
understand how, to many, the outlook
is most pessimistic. In politics the situ-
ation is indeed fraught with the gravest
danger. The extent of the jobbery which
is carried on in municipal, state and na-
tional election, and in the management of
the affairs of government, is cause for
the most serious apprehension and
alarm. Even the security of the state
itself is threatened, predictions being
freely made for the ultimate downfall and
ruin of the government. It must be ac-
knowledged that such a gloomy view is
justified when we consider into what a
disgraceful farce the elections for the
Senate have degenerated. Formerly it
was ability, statesmanship, strength of
purpose, fidelity to our institutions that
qualified a man as candidate for Senator.
The dignity of the office went hand in
hand with these qualifications, and the
Senate was a revered and respected
body. Today the prevailing qualifica-
tion for the Senate rests on no such ex-
alted basis. The love of money, the
great evil of the American people, has
worked its way gradually into what
should be our most august body, and has
made it a goal lor the unscrupulous.
It is a canker that will corrupt the
whole of our government, and, unless
removed, bring about that ruin which
the pessimist so clearly foresees. The
"genius" of American institutions and
the peculiar temperament of the
American people must be taken into
consideration, however. In crises of
this nature it is the people that must be
relied upon, and the people alone. The
politician is not a man who concerns
himself about such things. His prime
object is the perpetuation of his party
in power, whatever the consequences
may be; or, if it is not that, it is the ac-
quisition of wealth. In either case real,
true patriotism and a regard for the per-
petuity of our institutions do not enter
into his calculations. Nor, indeed, is the
man who votes blindly for party one that
is moved by principles of patriotism, for
he is nothing but the politician once re-
moved. The true patriot is a mugwump
— one who votes as his conscience and
highest duty dictate, and it is on such
that we must rely for the preservation of
our government from the many evils
which threaten it. We are not pessimis-
tic because we believe in the American
people. We believe they will tolerate
these conditions up to a certain point,
but whenever affairs get beyond that
point the people will rise in their wrath
and crush the corrupting influences.
For this reason there is no absolute cri-
terion in history for the American gov-
ernment, and hence the rules which ap-
ply to other republics do not apply to us.
America was conceived upon different
principles from those which had been held
prior to the eighteenth century. The
principle that "all men are created free
and equal" was adopted first by the
American government, and it has been
this broad spirit of tolerance, so firmly
grafted into the American temperament,
that has, more than any other one thing,
brought about the marvelous increase of
population and the material prosperity of
America. Rome fell because of the wide-
spread corruption in public and private
life, but1 the people had little or no voice
OUR 'POINT OF VIEW.
27
in the management of affairs. The peo-
ple today rule America, though at times
it may not seem so. Their will may be
thwarted by politicians or organized
wealth for a while, but it can only be
for a while. Believing in the people,
and having the greatest confidence
in their ability to select wisely and justly,
we can see a great future for this nation.
Today we are entering the second stage
of a great social reform which is foretold
by conditions the world over. The early
years of the twentieth century will see
us in the midst of it, and if the people rise
to the occasion, as they undoubtedly will,
America will emerge a finished and
splendid example of government, sur-
passing even those early ideals of Wash-
ington and being in truth as Lincoln
said, a "government of the people, by the
people, and for the people, that shall not
perish from the earth."
A very significant story, reported as
emanating from the volunteers at Manila,
is being circulated throughout the coun-
try. If true, it is a commentary of the
most scathing character on the futility of
the campaign. It is said that recently
after an engagement with the Filipinos
a discussion arose in one of the American
regiments as to the objects of the war.
The questions discussed finally sifted
down to "What are we fighting for?"
and in that form it was passed on from
man to man, and no one could be found
to answer it. There can be no stronger
argument against a war than that the
soldiers do not know for what they are
fighting. "What are we fighting for?"
Who knows? Is it to maintain a
sovereignty over seven million peo-
ple bought for twenty million dollars
from a nation which, having been defeat-
ed in all the country and penned up in
one little town, had lost its right of own-
ership? Is it for "benevolent assimula-
tion" that our sons are being slain, and
as they fall fighting, say 'we do not know
for what we are fighting?' Is it to main-
tain our administration at any cost, or is
it for the love of gold that we have put
to shame our original plea "for humani-
ty?" There is no humanity in the pres-
ent war unless it be on the side of the
Filipinos. They are fighting for liberty,
freedom — the right to rule themselves as
they see fit — and we are dishonoring
every tradition that our one hundred
years ha\e made sacred and discrediting
ourselves before the world. There can
be no honor, there can be no glory in
such a war under such conditions.
J*
There is nothing that adds so materi-
ally to the wealth and prosperity of a
city, a commonwealth or a nation as the
growth and development of its manufac-
turing interests. And nothing is so dam-
aging to these interests as indifference
on the part of the community where
such interests are, or should be, centraliz-
ed, coupled with a lack of local pride or
patronage. The country, however rich
in natural resources, that exports its
raw material and imports the manufact-
ured products that it uses is subjected to
a double drain upon its legitimate means
of wealth. The establishment of any
sort of industrial centre tends to increase
the prosperity, not alone of the particular
town or village where such a centre is
located, but of the whole commonwealth.
It is like a great wheel that by its mag-
netic revolutions attracts the gold of
commerce, and enriches the community.
The man of business sense and pride and
patriotism sees this and seeks to encour-
age the establishment of mills and factor-
ies in his own immediate territory. To
foster home industry — - to assist in every
possible manner in the development of
home production — is the unmistakable
duty of every honest citizen.
There will begin in the June number
of the Pacific Monthly a series of articles
on the institution of marriage, by people
competent to speak with authority upon
the subject. Dr. Edward P. Hill will
open the discussion. Marriage is the
divinest institution known to man. Up-
on a right understanding of its responsi-
bilities rests the happiness of the world
and the welfare of the race. Out of a
misconception of its basic principles has
grown the heaviest sorrows that the hu-
man heart has had to bear. The subject
of marriage is one that should interest —
28
THE ^PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
that does interest — mankind universally.
It is an inexhaustible theme, discussed in
every age, by every people, yet never
worn threadbare. "Heaven smiles upon
a happy marriage, and the angels weep
at the sight of wedded misery!" If this
be true there must be more tears than
joy in the celestial realm where matches
are supposed to be made prior to con-
summation on earth.
Heretofore the Pacific Monthly has
been issued the last of the month instead
of the first. This has been the source oi
some little inconvenience, and in order
to "catch up" the publishers have omit-
ted the April issue. This will in no wise
affect the number of copies that subscrib-
ers will receive during the year, or in any
other way disturb the circulation. Here-
after, however, our subscribers and the
public may look for the magazine at the
same time that the Eastern publications
appear.
Conservatism is conceded to be a very
desirable quality when limited as to
quantity. Too much of it, commercially
considered, is depressing and apt to exert
a disastrous influence upon trade. Ore-
gon is held to be a shade more conserva-
tive than is conducive to progress along
certain lines. There is a disposition on
the part of the inhabitants of this particu-
lar part of the world to be supremely
satisfied with present conditions, an in-
clination to cling to the good already
posessed, and ignore all opportunities to
increase the possession. Capital seeking
profitable place complains that it is re-
pulsed as an interloper, or treated with
contemptious indifference by the com-
munity that would benefit by its perma-
nent investment. This attitude of the
commonwealth toward commercial en-
tei prise of every sort has tended to dis-
courage the industrial development of a
a country rich beyond the "dreams of
avarice" in natural resources of every de-
scription, and has caused the great tide of
emigration, whose strong currents set
ever westward, to deflect, flowing into'
Washington on the north and into Cal-
ifornia on the south, and leaving the
"Land of the Lotus" undisturbed in its
dreams.
"This peaceful lethargy is due in part,"
remarked a man who has invested vast
sums in developing the commercial in-
terests of the state, and who has received
no word of encouragement, "to climatic
influences. But there is another cause —
and one more potent still — that retards
the progress of Oregon, and it is one
which time alone can remove."
It is but natural, perhaps, that one who
loves the sunshine of life should shrink
from the shadows of death. And yet
the poet of the True, the singer of the
Eternal Verities, the apostle of the
Beautiful should be so keen and clear of
sight that he could pierce the seeming
shades and see the radiance that lies
beyond. For death
"Is but the opening door,"
and whatever life may have held, cf light
and love and happiness, for him who
crosses that fair threshold,the memory of
it must be dimmed by the dawn of a tran-
scendent joy.
"How wonderful is death!"
cried the immortal Shelley, and he might
have added, how beautiful ! For in what-
ever form death comes it is always a
sweet and solemn mystery, dreaded only
by those who do not understand the sig-
nificance of life and living.
Life's Cards.
'Hearts are trumps," the young man sighed,
Softly to his promised bride; —
Hearts are trumps to guileless youth —
Suit may fail, and maidens' truth.
'Diamonds' trumps," the maiden cried,
'Who shall purchase me as bride? —
Diamonds' trumps and golden sheen,
"Who is there shall crown me queen?"
"Clubs are trumps," the strong man said,
Fighting now for life and bread;
Clubs are trumps; the strife is rushed,
Strength succeeds, the weak are crushed.
Spades are trumps— they win at last,
Covering us when life is past.
Spades are trumps — they turn the ground
Dankly o'er the mould'ring mound.
Walter Cayley cBelt.
A RECORD OF THE WORLD'S PROGRESS.
In Politics —
The simplicity with which presidential
elections are managed in FYance was
exemplified in the recent election
of M. Loubet at Versailles. On Fri-
day morning was announced the death
of President Faure, and all France trem-
bled with apprehension. But Saturday's
sun went down upon a nation calmed by
the election of a new president, M. Lou-
bet. Little time and no money — and the
affair is satisfactorily settled. An object
lesson surely that other republics might
do well to ponder.
j»
Governor Pingree is a man who in-
sists upon putting his theories into prac-
tice, and just now the particular theory
that he is bent upon experimenting with
is municipal ownership of street railways.
Detroit is, of course, the scene of this
experiment. Governor Pingree regards
the legislature of Michigan and the Com-
mon Council of Detroit, as the "most
progressive of modern times." The pur-
chase of the roads by the city will be ac-
complished, it is promised, without cost
to the taxpayers, and the change in own-
ership will result in three-cent fares and
universal transfers. The project is, of
course, meeting with opposition from
certain quarters, notably the Detroit
Free Press, which ridicules it, the New
York Times, which condemns it, and the
Brooklyn Eagle, which fears the results
of its success.
The situation in the Philippines be-
comes daily more complicated. The end
of the trouble is seemingly as far off as
ever and no man knows what that end
will be. The only lucky party involved
in the difficulty apparently, is Spain. The
patriotic fire that flamed so gloriously in
the breast of all America a year ago,
seems to have burned down, and we are
even a little ashamed when we hear of an
American victory in the Philippines. The
news of military reverses are received
with an air of "now that we are in we
must take what comes" — and only the
cartoonist is happy, for he has to all ap-
pearances, had provided to his hand a
field whose limits in every direction are
out of sight.
j*
The trouble in Samoa is the result evi-
dently of too much Christian civilization.
The spectacle presented to the "gentle,
kindly, friendly people" among whom
Stevenson made his home is not one cal-
culated to impress them with a sense of
the superiority of the American, Eng-
lish and German nations.
In Science —
Mr. Tripler has been forced by the
press to come out strongly in defence of
his liquid air. "The principle is so sim-
ple that it ought to have been grasped
by any scientific mind at once," Mr.
Tripler asserts. He further, and most
emphatically declares that in the manu-
facture of liquid air he has abolished
steam, "for the traction of railway trains,
for the propulsion of ships, and for the
operation of machinery in general."
Nikola Tesla frankly admits that it is
easier for him to "invent" than to "per-
fect and record his inventions." Ideas
come to him through a "happy inspira-
tion," he claims, but when it comes to
the working out of details and putting
these ideas into practicable and present-
able form he finds himself lacking in
time, energy, and inclination. Just now
he is deep in his improved induction
coils, and he does not hesitate to say that
there is "practically no limit to the ten-
sion obtained" with such a coil as he has
perfected.
j»
A marine brake in the form of a para-
chute of fine spring-steel plates attached
30
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
to the stern of the vessel has been in-
vented by a Hungarian engineer by the
nameofSvetkovich. The Austrian Lloyd
Steam Navigation Company has made
several satisfactory tests of the inven-
tion, and is now awaiting the results of
an improvement which Mr. Svetkovich
is adding to his device, when it will
equip its great fleet with the apparatus.
It is claimed for this brake that it is
possible by means of it to stop a vessel
going at full speed almost instantly
without any serious shock resulting.
Professor William H. Pickering, at
the Howard College Observatory, has
discovered a new statelite of the planet
Saturn.
In Literature —
There is a great deal being said at
present concerning the "vital touch in
literature." Mr. John Burroughs thinks
it is a personal quality and "this intimate
personal quality," he asserts, is "one of
the secrets" of style. Be it an essav,
poem, or novel, if the personal quality
is lacking it "falls short of being good
literature." Quality is the one thing in
life that cannot be analyzed, and it is
the one thing in art that cannot be imi-
tated." To be more explicit: "It is not
importance of subject-matter that makes
a work great, but importance of the sub-
jectivity of the writer — a great mind, a
great soul, a great personality. A work
that bears the imprint of these, that is
charged with the life and power of these
which it gives forth again under pres-
sure, is alone entitled to high rank.
In the writer with the creative touch,
whether he be poet, novelist, historian,
critic, essayist, the chief factor in the
product is always his own personality."
Mr. Stephen Wheeler is collecting and
publishing the letters, public and private,
of Walter Savage Landor. There is
nothing people so much delight in read-
ing as the things that were intended by
the writer only for the eyes of some dear
intimate. The private correspondence
of a Robert Louis Stevenson, a Landor,
or a Browning possesses an absorbing
interest of even the most indifferent of
readers. It matters not how common-
place the letters prove, how meaningless
to all but the person addressed, they still
hold a charm — and the secret of the
charm lies in the inherent personal curi-
osity of mankind. The great author or
poet of the present day will doubtless
write to his friends, however dear, with
a provisional regard to posterity and the
post-collector who is to profit by poster-
ity's morbid desire to know all there is
to know about the great author's or
poet's private affairs.
The Browning love-letters seem to be
an inexhaustible mine. Poetic models
of epistolary wooing, they suggest far
more than they express.
The Bookman expresses the opinion
that the religious story, "In His Steps,"
is immoral in part and certainly "not
good literature." Religious stories of-
ten fall short in the latter qualification,
but that a book like this of Sheldon's
should be characterized as "immoral"
is so startling that — everybody who has
not read it will.
In Art-
An exhibition was held in Copley
Hall in Boston, of the collected works of
John S. Sargent. There were something
near fifty portraits and an interesting
series of of sketches, studies and draw-
ings.
Leo Mielziner has completed a small
bust in rich green bronze of Isreal Zang-
will, that is exquisitely true to life.
The statue in bronze of Michael An-
gelo which has just been placed in the
rotunda of the Congressional Library at
Washington, is considered a -"signifi-
cant addition to American art. Mr.
Bartlett is thoroughly American, in
spite of the fact that his home is, and for
some time has been, in Paris. His work
goes beyond the sculpture of former
ages in that it takes account of individ-
ual expression. And this statue of Mi-
chael Angelo is an "almost perfect real-
ization of the man."
THE MONTH.
31
According to the answers which Miss
Kate Hampton has received from the
leading clergymen of New York to her
question, "Does the face of Christ' as
depicted in ancient and modern art, real-
ize your idea of a strong face?" the
great artists who have attempted to
paint the Savior have scored only fail-
ures. Only two, Archbishop Corrigan
and "Ian Maclaren" were of the opinion
that the Christ-face, as depicted in art,
expressed strength. The latter said
"The holiness in Jesus' face is strength,
and redeems it from any shadow of
weakness."
In Education —
The resignation of Dr. Chapman
from the presidency of the University of
Oregon leaves six universities in the
United States wanting heads — Yale,
Brown, Amherst and the University of
California, make up the list together
with the University of Cincinnati which
offers six thousand a year to the right
man. The question that naturally
arises is where are the right men? Is
it that colleges are exacting, difficult to
please, and not sure of their own needs,
or is there a dearth of executive ability
among professors of learning. Dr.
Henry Stimson answers this question in
a way when he says that the coming col-
lege president is a type in process of
development. That is, the model exec-
utive of the great educational institu-
tions is being evolved from already
existing conditions. "The college
president," remarks Dr. Stimson, "has
come to be primarily a great executive
officer" Not a teacher but a manager
evidently And yet in the opinion of
late Prof. Edouard Caro in the French
Academy, "in education the only thing
that counts is the man." This truth in
the past has been the pole star of the
American University. Changing
ideals seem to have temporarily ob-
scured its guiding light.
Leading Events —
March 1. — The election of Senator Crustas
as president of Uruguasy is announced.
March 2.— Six regiments of regular troops
are ordered to re-enforce General Otis at
Manila.
March 3. — Rear Admiral Dewey, by act of
congress, made admiral of the navy.
March 4. — 'ihe Venezuelan revolutionists
are defeated by government troops.
March 6. — Princes Kaiulani dies.
March 7. — American troops attack and
drive back the insurgents near Manila.
March 8.- — Monroe L. Hayward is elected
to the United States, senate from Nebraska.
March 9. — American troops en route to
Manila on the transport Sheridan, land at
Malta by permission of the British officials.
March 10.— The United States transport
Grant, under command of General Lawton,
reaches Manila.
March 11. — The Cuban assembly impeaches
General Gomez and removes him from com-
mand of the army.
March 13. — American troops under General
Wheaton attack and drive back a large force
of insurgents, taking and holding the line of
of the Pasig River near Manila.
March 14. — The German Reichstag, by a
vote of 209 to 141, rejects the government's
proposition for an increase of the army.
March 15. — In the Italian chamber of depu-
ties Admiral Canerara, ministers of foreign
affairs, announces the recall of the Italian
minister to China.
March 16. — Cainti is taken by a battalion
of the Twentieth United States infantry.
March 17.— The queen regent signs the
treaty of peace between Spain and tne Uni-
ted States.
March 18. — United States battleship Ore-
gon arrives at Manila.
March 19. — General Wheaton again vic-
torious in an attack upon the Filipinos.
March 20. — General Russel Hastings, of
Massachusetts, is selected as director of the
Bureau of American Republic.
March 21. — The convention between Great
Britain and France defining their respective
frontiers in the Nile valley, is signed in Lon-
don.
March 22. — The queen regent designates
M. Cambon, the French ambassador at
Washington, to act for Spain in the exchange
ratifications of the peace treaty.
March 23. — Serious troubles in Little River
county, Arkansas, growing out of a negro
lynching.
March 24. — Senor Azpiroz, the new Mexi-
can ambassador, arrives in Washington.
March 25. — American troops capture three
towns in Luzon.
March 26. — General Wheaton's brigade
captures the town of Polo.
March 27. — General Otis cables the capture
of Maliloa in the Philippines.
March 28.— An independent postal service
is established for Cuba.
March 29. — The Spanish government es-
tablishes a credit for the payment, on April
1, of the interest on the Cuban debt.
March 30. — General McArthur captures
Malolos, the seat of the Filipino insurgent
government.
March 31.— Carlist uprising is threatened
in Spain.
FOR MAY.
The Century —
The Solar Eclipse at Benares
R. D. Mackenzie
The Vizier of the Two-Horned Alex-
ander III Frank R. Stockton
The Matter of a Mashie David Gray
Alexander in Egypt.. Benj. Ide Wheeler
A Song for Spring. Charles G. D. Roberts
Via Crucis F. Marion Crawford
'xhe Story of the Captains.
The Last of the Mulberry-Street
Barons Jacou A. Rits
The Dead Bee Alice Lena Cole
Two Lovers of Literature
Mrs. James T. Fields
The Flying Dutchman
Louise Morgan Sill
A Note of Scarlet. .Ruth McEnery Stuart
"Tempted of God".John White Chadwick
Our Mantua-Maker Viola Roseboro
Song on an Oriental Theme
Curtis Hidden Page
Gilbert Stuart's Portraits of Women,
Charles Henry Hart
Intercivic Humor Tudor Jenks
The Century's war series culminates
in the May number, in "The Story of the
Captains." The magazine for this one
issue is enlarged to accommodate the
seventy pages which the story takes up
in the telling. Captain Robley D. Evans
of the Iowa, is to my mind, the most en-
tertaining of them all. There is a qual-
ity in the story, simply told, of the de-
struction of Cervera's fleet, that makes
the pulse beat faster and brings a sudden
dimness to the sight. In the account
of the vanquished general's transfer
from the Gloucester to the Iowa, he says:
"The guard presented arms; the officers
uncovered; and as the distinguished offi-
cer, who had lost more in one hour than
any other man had lost in modern times,
stepped on the quarter-deck, the crew
of the Iowa broke out into cheers, and
for fully a minute Admiral Cervera stood
bowing his thanks. It was the recogni-
tion of gallantry by brave men, and the
recipient of it was fully aware of its
meaning. Though he was scantily clad,
bareheaded and without shoes, he was
an admiral, every inch of him. With
perfect composure and a manner of quiet
dignity he received the plaudits of his
late enemies and the silent sympathy of
his conquered companions." His recep-
tion of Captain Eulate of the Viscaya,
is equally touching.
"There is," it is written in the May
Century, "in our day one of the tellers
of tales and singers of songs who, in full
voice, and with the joy and strength of
youth, has in doing well and faithful his
own work, told the glory and nobility
of all the work of the world."
Tudor Jenks has made a collection of
American jokes, old and new, which he
presents with an assumption of dignity
under the title of "Intercivic Humor."
Said an inconsiderate New Yorker,
"Seems to me that all the sharpers here
came from Chicago." To which a Chi-
cago man musingly replied, "Yes. they
do seem to know where to come." But
it was a' Boston baby, who, when asked
if she would like a talking doll said,
"Certainly, if you have anv that converse
intelligently. I could not abide one that
giggled."
There is an amusing story of Gilbert
Stuart, the artist, who, being engaged to
paint the portraits of the ancestors of a
tailor who had grown rich in army con-
tracts and who though very new, occu-
pied a castle that was very old, was sur-
prised to learn on arriving at the scene
of his labor that the said tailor did not
know who his ancestors were or what
they were like. But a man who had ac-
quired a fortune and a castle in one gener-
ation was not dazed by a little thing like
this, so he commissioned Mr. Stuart to
paint his progenitors "as they ought to
have been." The artist proved equal to
the demand upon his immagination and
the result was satisfactory to the tailor,
at least.
The Cosmopolitan —
Great Problems in Organization
Charles Emory Smith.
THE MAGAZINES.
33
The Princes of Trebizond.Dulany Hunter
Arctic Perils Milton B. Ailes
The Awakening Count Leo Tolstoy
The Ideal and Practical Organiza-
tion of a Home. .Van Buren Denslow
A Vindication of Eve
Richard Le Gallienne
The Building of an Empire
John Brisban Walker
A Biological Laboratory for Women,
Amy Seville Wolff
A Railway to the Klondike
W. M. Sheffield
Larry McNoogan's Cow Walter Barr
Supposing Dora Ritter Jackson
How the French Army Crossed the
Channel Quartre Etoiles
Science in the Model Kitchen
Anna Leach
Readers of the Cosmopolitan are be-
ing treated to a course of realism in its
most repulsive form in Count Tolstoi's
novel, "The Awakening." Even Zola,
in his revolting pictures in "Lourdes,"
produced nothing quite so horribly sick-
ening as appears in this second install-
ment of Tolstoi's story. It is well that
the magazines otherwise crowded with
beautiful and helpful things. They are
needed to counteract the depressing in-
fluence of "The Awakening." Tolstoi is
warranted to give the gayest butterfly in
the brightest of mid-summer sunshine,
an attack of "the blues." From Tolstoi
to Richard le Gallienne is a far leap — a
leap out of the dark of pessimism into
radiant optimistic sunshine. For Le
Gallienne is the embodiment of all that is
bright and sweet in life, all that is deli-
cate and dear, the Apostle of Light.
The "Vindication of Eve," he puts into
the mouth of a young canon who,
"With a flowering rod
Spared his frail flock, and as the ancient
plan
Would reconcile the ways of God to man,
He reconciled the ways of God to man."
He recociled the ways of man to God."
A most loveable teacher of Divine
lore, this young Canon, who takes for
his text,
"In Genesis, — the whole of chapter 3.".
St. Matthew's gospel, chap. 4, verse 6."
And from this text proceeds to prove
that
"God never meant his sacred word to mean
Just what mere reading needs must make
it mean."
and lauds
"That wit in woman, which, with sense,
Divined the meaning of Omnipotence,
And by her disobedience best obeyed."
"In "The Building of an Empire" John
Brisban Walker says of the influence of
Mohammed, "Compared with present-
day ideals, it was bad; but it must be re-
membered that it took the place of some-
thing worse." Mr. Walker, in one brief
paragiaph, preaches a sermon that the
Christian world would do well to heed.
"No Christian lawmaker or writer," he
concludes, "has ever undertaken to work
out in detail, even by way of suggestion,
a code of laws which would closely con-
form to the teachings of Jesus Christ.
The task has remained for the twentieth
century, and will engage, above all oth-
ers, the intellectual conscience of its peo-
ple." This work "The Building of an
Empire" is quite as fascinating in style
and fully as interesting as Washington
Irving's "Life of Mohammed." There
are many passages where it rises to
heights unsealed by that charming mas-
ter of English. John Brisban Walker
has chosen well his subject and he han-
dles it in a manner all his own.
Walter Barr gives us another view of
the character of that interesting politic-
ian, "N. C. Shacklett," who in this in-
stance quietly attends to "Larry McNoo-
gan's cow," and whose boast is that no
man ever threw him down and kept out
of the poor house.
"The Model Kitchen," as illustrated in
this, the May number of the Cosmopoli-
tan, is attractive enough to inspire every
woman who beholds it with a desire to
become a cook.
Scribner's —
Santiago Since The Surrender
Major-General Wood
To Celestine in Brave Array
E. S. Martin
The Ship of Stars.. A. T. Quiller-Couch
The Chronicles of AuntMinervy Ann
Joel Chandler Harris
Some Political Reminiscences
George P. Hoar
The Rough Riders. .Theodore Roosevelt
Between Showers in Dort
F. Hopkins Smith
The Letters of Robert Louis Steven-
son Sydney Colvin
The Installation of Lord Curzon as
Viceroy of India G. W. Steevns
34
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
Standing and Waiting
Cyrus Townsend Brady
A Poet's Musical Impressions
Sidney Lanier
"I think, I hope, I dream no more,
The dreams of otherwhere,
The cherished thought of yore;
I have been changed from what I was before;
"And drunk too deep perchance, the lotus of
the air" —
Wrote Robert Louis Stevenson in a let-
ter to Sidney Colvin, in August, 1879.
And again a year later in a letter dated
from 608 Bush street, San Francisco,
to the same person, he says: ''I
know I shall do better work than ever I
have done before; but mind you, it will
not be like it. My sympathies and inter-
ests are changed." To measure the cor-
rectness of this estimate of his ability one
has but to compare the work which pre-
ceded this date with that which followed.
For my part I think Stevenson never
wrote, either before or after, anything
that equalled in charm "Silverado Squat-
ters." I well recall the delight with
which I read and re-read this exquisite
mountain idyl. Perhaps it is the reflec-
tion of his own happiness that illumines
the pages, for he was happy in that old
shell of a house in the deserted mining
camp, with the woman he loved, and
free, for a brief while, from the demon
of ill health that made life so often a
weary burden. Stevenson's experiences
in San Francisco, as detailed in these let-
ters, give one the heartache.
Roosevelt's "Rough Riders" are still
the leading attraction in Scribner's.
"The Ship of Stars" is one of those rare,
fantastic, and altogether charming sto-
ries that take the reader away from the
realm of Every Day and into the Land
of Dreams. "Ah, the stories that won't
come — and they are the loveliest of all."
Sidney Lanier gives the "Musical Im-
pressions" of a "Poet" in the form of
letters, and G. W. Steevns writes enter-
tainingly of the "Installation of Lord
Curzon as Viceroy of India."
McClure's —
Hamlin Garland is never more at
home than when he threads the solitude
and sleeps out under stars, with the night
wind for company. There is something
strangely familiar in these stanzas, in
fact, it suggests certain passages in that
one time matchless epic, "The Ship in
the Desert,"
"Yet still we rode right on and on,
And shook our clenched hands at the
cloud,
Daring the winds of early dawn,
And the dread torrent roaring loud.
So long we rode, so hard, so far,
We seemed condemned by stern decree
To ride until the morning star
Should sink forever in the sea."
It is impossible to read these lines and
not believe that Mr. Garland was unin-
fluenced, unconsciously, no doubt, by
the earlier poem of hi friend.
Mother Goose for Grown-up Folks.
Little boy blue! Come blow your horn!
The sheeps in the meadow, the cows
in the corn!
Where's little boy blue, that looks after
the sheep?
He's under the hay-mow, fast asleep.
Azure-robed youth, come, up to the post,
And watch lest thy wealth be all scat-
tered and lost:
Silly thoughts are astray, beyond call of
the horn,
And passion breaks loose, and gets
into the corn!
Is this the way Conscience looks after
her sheep,
In the world's soothing shadow, gone
soundly asleep?
— From Mother Goose, for Grown-up
folks.
According to Marie Corelli, marriage
as it exists today is far from what it
should be. It is, in short, as she ob-
serves it, merely a "market" where
women are bought and sold, where titled
husbands are bid in by American dol-
lars, and Cupid is noticeable mainly for
his absence. She thinks the world has
forgotten what "marriage is," or, to be
more explicit, what it was before the
Fall, and what it would be if people
married only for love with a capital L.
"Marriage!" exclaims the author of
"Ardath" in tragic prose, "is the taking
of a solemn vow before the throne of the
Eternal, — a vow which declares that the
man and woman concerned have discov-
ered in eaJRther his and her mate-
that they feel life is alone valuable and
worth living in each other's company, —
that they are prepared to endure trouble,
poverty, pain, sickness, death itself, pro-
vided they may only be together, — and
that all the world is a mere grain of dust
in worth as compared to the exalted
passion which fills their souls and moves
them to become one in flesh as well as
one in spirit." All this and very much
more is dramatically set forth in the
pages of "The Modern Marriage Mar-
ket," in a discussion in which she leads.
Lady Jeune, who follows, ridicudes Co-
relli's statements, and in reply to the lat-
ter's query, "What has the cash box to
do with marriage?" she insists that while
"love in a cottage is a delicious thing,
the wherewithal to provide the cottage
and its accessories is an absolute neces-
sity." If the institution of marriage is
not all that it should be at present, it is
rapidly approaching a state of happy
perfection. Lady jeune assures us (in
somewhat faulty English) that in nine
cases out of ten the modern society girl
marries for love, and that matrimonv is
uninfluenced by Mammon to a degree
undreamed of by the match-making
mothers of half a century ago.
Flora Annie Steel next takes up the
subject, and with a pen dipped in acid
instead of ink, writes it as her opinion
that Marie Corelli and Lady Jeune are
neither right, and both wrong. It is
quite as immoral, in her eyes, to marry
for love as for money.
Under the above title, Professor Luel-
la Clay Carson has recently compiled
and published a set of "Standard Rules
and Regulations for Use in the English
Department of the University of Ore-
gon." The book contains much useful
information in a condensed form, and is
so clearly and comprehensively present-
ed that even the dullest can read as he
runs. It is just the work that, in this
busy age, is needed to meet the demands
of the student of English in every de-
partment of life. And it is safe to as-
sume that its use will not be confined to
the University of Oregon. No one in
this part of the world is more competent
to speak with authority on the subject of
pure English than Professor Carson, and
this little book is the result of profound
study, much practical experience in
teaching, and careful elimination of all
but the absolutely essential.
The second number of the Semi-Cen-
tennial History of Oregon contains in
addition to Professor Young's interesting
and ably-written "Exploration North-
westward," and Eva Emery Dye's ac-
count of "The Hudson Bay Com-
pany's Regime. And this chapter
from the most romantic period of
the story of Oregon reads like an
epic. The surge of limitless seas,
the sweep of forest-fragrant winds
and the song of majestic rivers sound
her poetic prose, whose every line thrills
with the exultant freedom and grand-
eur of the great Northwest. To Dr. Mc-
Laughlin, the hero of those early days
of romance, she gives full meed of praise.
"He was, before all things else, an An-
glo-Saxon," and worthy of the name.
White Squaw Very Brave.
The early annals of the West abound
in anecdotes of fortitude under suffering
and heroism in circumstances of peril
among the wives and mothers of the
early pioneers. Many were the instances
in which, when their cabins were attack-
ed by the savages, these brave women
displayed wonderful courage and pres-
ence of mind. In December, 1791, a
small party of Indians attacked the
dwelling-house of Mr. John Merrill, in
Nelson county, Kentucky.
Mr. Merrill was alarmed by the bark-
ing of his dog, and opened the door to
see what was the matter, when he re-
ceived the fire of seven or eight Indians,
by which his leg and arm were broken.
The Indians at once attempted to en-
ter the house, but Mrs. Merrill and her
daughter shut the door against them.
Then they hewed away a piece of the
door, and one of them wedged himself
part way through the opening. The he-
roic mother dealt him a fatal blow with
an axe, and hauled him through the pas-
sage into the house.
The other savages, unaware of the fate
of their companion, and supposing that
they had now nearly succeeded in their
object, rushed forward. One by one
they pushed themselves through the
door, and were despatched and drawn in-
side by Mrs. Merrill, till rive dead Indians
were in the house. Then the others
outside discovered what was going on.
They retired for a few minutes, but
soon returned and renewed their efforts
to force an entrance. Despairing of suc-
ceeding by the door, they attempted to
descend the chimney. Mr. Merrill heard
them, and anticipating their design, or-
dered his small son to cut open a feather
bed, and throw the feathers on the fire.
Two of the Indians were already de-
scending the wide-mouthed chimney.
The smoke and heat from the burning
feathers greeted them most unpleasantly.
Choking, coughing, and well-nigh suffo-
cated, they came tumbling down into the
room.
Mr. Merrill siezed a billet of wood and
despatched the half-smothered redskins,
and Mrs. Merrill in the meantime was
defending the door against a single sav-
age. Finally he, being wounded, retired,
and the family were not disturbed again
that night.
A prisoner who escaped from the In-
dians soon afterward stated that the
wounded savage was the only one of his
party of eight braves who escaped.
When he returned and was asked "What
news?" he answered:
"Bad newTs for Indian; me lose son,
me lose broder. Whiter-squaw very
brave; she fight better than 'Long
Knives'," — the name given to white men
by the Indians because of their long
swords. — The Youth's Companion.
"Ay Want a Mortgage."
A yellow haired descendent of the
Vikings walked into the office of a
prominent attorney the other day and
said:
"Ay want you to make some papers
out. Ay buy a farm in Powell Valley,
and ay tank ay want a mortgage."
"Why do you want a mortgage," ex-
claimed the lawyer, "if you bought the
farm? Don't you want a deed?"
"No, ay tank not. Sax year ago ay buy
a farm and getta deed, and noder feller
come along with a mortgage and tak da
farm. Ay tank av tak a mortgage."
W. C. B.
The Green Turtle.
The green turtle had fallen into the
well. She sat all day on a jutting rock
and looked up at the sunny opening at
the top, where the wild blackberry vines
and green ferns leaned over, sparkling
with rainbow dew.
Sometimes a Roman-nosed rabbit
'DRIFT.
37
peered shyly down at the water. Some-
times a twittering pair of swallows
brought a moment's brightness into the
dark well; but the turtle had grown so
tired of it all; even weary of the loving
touches of the litt1e tadpoles.
But often as she attempted to climb
up the mossy stones, and when she
neared the top, the hungry eyes and
cruel claws of the gray cat appeared at
the sunlit opening — there was a splash —
and the green turtle was at the bottom of
the well again.
But one never-to-be-forgotten day
there was a sweep of great wings, the re-
flection of the blackberry vine was all
shaken and mottled as a great crested
eagle settled down on the stone at the
turtle's side. He had traveled far, and
stopped at the well to lave his feathers
and rest 'till morning. He was amused
by the turtle'fraflueer little claws, and at
her quaint way of turning up her little
head to look at him. He told her of his
crag-built nest, where his mate and
downy little ones awaited his coming.
By-and-by when the stars came out
and glittered almost as brightly in the
still depths of the well as in the blue arch
above; when the turtle's green shell
rested against the eagle's wing, the little
prisoner whispered her memories of a
broad bay where other turtles sported in
the cool waves, and bent their heads at
the sweeping rush of the snowy gulls.
She told of her many attempts to escape,
and how the gray cat knew it all.
He told her the waters of the bay still
tossed bright shells on the warm beach;
the gulls oft hailed him in his flight; and
then he bade her trust him and wait; he
promised that again he'd come, and lift-
ing her on his powerful wings would
bear her away to her loved bay, the warm
sunshine, the land where the eagle
dwells.
In the early morn there was a swift
rush of wings, a loneliness greater than
ever in the silent well, and patiently the
turtle began her waiting.
But, oh, that was long and long ago.
The green ferns have turned to brown.
the blackberry vine drops blood-stained
leaves in the well all day. The tadpoles
are changed to dun-colored frogs, quar-
reling in discordant tones; and now the
chill water always reflects the cruel eyes
and twitching whiskers of the gray cat.
The turtle's funny little claws have
grown thin and trembling, the mildew
has gathered on her green shell.
Sometimes the blackbirds darken the
well for a moment, and she trembles with
sudden hope; again a flock of pigeons
cleaving the air with a whir reminds her
of the eagle's strong wings.
She still sits on the jutting stone, her
little head turned toward the well's open-
ing, listening, waiting, waiting. And
the eagle. Do you think he has quite
forgotten?
Adonen.
J*
Is That All?
When the Duke of Marlborough visit-
ed America, he stopped at one of New
York's swell hotels. On entering the
dining-room one evening, he was seated
at a table opposite one occupied by half
a dozen Harvard students. Calling the
waiter, the duke asked for a menu-card,
and exclaimed, on looking it over: "Is
that all? Vile — simply vile! Wine-list,
waiter." After scanning the wine-list,
he made the same remark in louder
tones, attracting the attention of the stu-
dents, one of whom immediately called:
"Waiter, menu," and on glancing at the
cara, remarked: "Is that all? Vile —
simply vile!" Another called for the
wine-list, looked it over, and with dis-
gust in every word, mimicked: "Is that
all? Vile — simply vile!" The duke
turned angrily in his chair, and, address-
ing the students in haughty tones, said:
"Are you aware, gentlemen, that you
are mocking the Duke of Marlborough?"
The six Harvard students looked at each
other in undignified disappointment, ex-
claiming in chorus: "Is that all? Vile —
simply vile!" while the room rang with
laughter.
j*
Lese Majeste: It was the shank of
the evening in Berlin. "Good evening,
Herr Police Officer," said the citizen.
"Come with me," was the policeman's
answer. "Donner-wetter! What ist los?"
a^ked the astonished citizen. "You
that it is evening assumed have, when
the emperor not dined has yet already."
38
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
John Philip Sousa.
One of the most genial and unassum-
ing men before the public today is John
Philip Sousa, the march king. For this
reason probably no public character is
held in higher esteem by those who have
come in contact with him, nor is there
one who commands so thoroughly that
respect which is the reward of genius.
The natural tendency of those who
achieve fame or success is to shut them-
selves off from the world, to become un-
approachable and exclusive, and so nar-
rowed in their sympathies and out of
touch with the world. Sousa, above all
things, is humane, full of interest in life.
You feel that he is sure of himself,that he
understands that the characteristics of a
gentleman and those of genius should go
hand in hand, and you respect and ad-
mire him for it. You admire his genius,
but you admire the man more. Proba-
bly this equinimity of temperament is re-
sponsible for the very delightful condi-
tions that surround Sousa's home life.
At any rate one of the most ideal homes
in our country is found on the Sousa
farm in New York State. When the
concert season is over, Sousa joins his
family of five — his wife, three daughters
and a son (John Philip, Jr.) and spends
the summer with them on his large and
well-kept farm. His family is a very
musical one. John P., Jr. is the leader
of the mandolin club in the college that
he attends, and the daughters both play
and sing. In the evening the young
people from miles around gather at the
Sousa home, and give delightful im-
promptu musicales. Sousa says he al-
ways enjoys these evenings immensely,
and that although the improvised har-
mony to some of the popular songs is a
little questionable, yet on the whole it is
very good.
"Our New Colonies," is a very attrac-
tive description, profusely illustrated,
gotten out by the Union Pacific railroad
company and calculated to inspire every-
body into whose hands it falls with a de-
sire to visit those mid-sea "Islands of
the Blest," commonly known as the Ha-
waiian group. Even the most inquisi-
tive traveller, actual or prospective, can-
not ask a question concerning our new
possessions in the Pacific that is not an-
swered satisfactorily in this interesting
booklet.
j*
A sporting gentleman, who had the
reputation of being a very bad shot, in-
vited some friends to dine with him.
Before dinner he showed them a tar-
get painted on a barn door, with a bullet
right in the bullseye.
This he claimed to have shot at 1,000
yards' distance.
As nobody believed him he offered to
bet the price of an oyster supper on it.
On one of his guests accepting the wa-
ger, he produced two witnesses whose
verasity could not be doubted to prove
his assertion.
Since they both stated he had done
what he claimed, he won his bet.
During dinner the loser of tne wager
inquired how the host had managed to
fire such an excellent shot.
The host answered:
"Well, I shot the bullet at the door at
a distance of 1,000 yards, and then I
painted the target around it." — Tid-Bits.
jt
Oriental Maxims.
Long before Greece had attained her
greatness in art and literature the Chi-
nese sages were teaching philosophy and
practicing politics in the Orient, both of
which, with but little change, survive
unto this day. How far the stability of
the Chinese Empire rests on the rules pi
its great men is difficult to say, but that
their philosophy was sound ana that their
government endures are facts.
That there is "nothing new under the
sun" will come to those who read the fol-
lowing translations of sayings and
proverbs. The reader will have the sat-
isfaction of knowing that the sentiment
was first uttered by the Chinaman. The
same thoughts have run through great
minds undoubtedly, but therein you see
the source of things philosophical. I
have no doubt that much which we
credit to Greece and its men came to
them over the deserts and by the sea
from China.
"DRIFT.
39
Brevity is praised in the maxim, "In
the compass of about one hundred words
we have opening, elucidation, re-state-
ment or embellishment, and conclusion
— a perfect essay."
"To move a man to a crab is not equal
to moving the crab to the man," reminds
one of Mohammet and his mountain.
To dip into Chinese philosophy is like
to picking jewels from a golden bowl,
and in my efforts 1 may pull out opals
and amethysts and sapphires instead ol
diamonds and pearls and rubies.
"A woman can share in adversitv, but
, not in prosperity," or "Of ten women,
nine are jealous," seem to us like paste
jewels, but then that may have been the
kind of women those old sages were ac-
quainted with.
"On earth there are only two busv
men: Messrs. Gain and Glory."
"For impro^ng manners and customs
nothing is bdtoar than music."
"When ndJPin seeks favors from anv
other then all men are equal."
"Want of forbearance in small matters
confounds great plans."
"To the pure all things are pure."
"Every uncanny effect must be pre-
ceded by some uncanny cause."
"Sincerity of heart rests with a man
himself."
"A wise man builds cities, a wise
woman throws them down."
"Mencius maintained that there could
be no true esteem when we presumed
upon one's age, one's talents, one's rank,
one's service or one's old acquaintance."
"The fall of a nation is preceded by
fkerlegislation."
"For business to prosper all things de-
pend upon determination."
"The hills of today are not so loftv as
the hills of old — the sea of todav is not
so broad as the sea of old."
"If two men are of the same mind,
yellow earth can be changed into gold —
by their energy."
"To go into a mountain and catch a
tiger is easy as compared to asking a
favor."
"The ourang-outang weeps, and then
seizes its prey."
"Two men should not examine a well
lest one should fall in and the other be
accused of murder."
"Men's natures are alike, — it is from
the different environment that they be-
come different."
"Wine does not make a man drunk-
it is the man himself."
"Women with high cheek bones are
likely to be savage."
"He who depends upon himself will
have much happiness."
"Wealth is the storehouse of resent-
ment arising from the envy of the w7orld."
Five virtues are: "Charity, natural
goodness of heart, duty to one's neigh-
bors, prosperity, wisdom and truth."
Three suggested blessing are: "Happi-
ness, long life, sons." Five other bless-
ing are: "Old age, wealth, health, love
of virtue and a natural death."
Five different hindrances are: "Cu-
pidity, anger, foolishness, irreverence
and doubts."
The seven precious things are: "A
golden wheel or disk, concubines, horses,
elephants, guardians of the treasury, sol-
diers and attendants, and the sapta ratria
as it is in Sanskrit.
J. Hunter Wells, M. D.,
Seoul, Korea,
The Doctrine of Full Assurance.
It is said that a rather pompous min-
ister once met P. T. Barnum, the circus
manager, and said to him: "Mr. Bar-
num, you and I have met before on the
temperance platform, and I hope we
shall meet in heaven." "We shall," re-
plied Barnum, confidently, "if you're'
there."
Doctor Holmes' Partner.
The following flash of wit proves be-
yond a doubt that the late Dr. Oliver
Wendell Holmes was occasionally asso-
ciated with another as brilliant as him-
self:
He used to dabble a little in photog-
raphy, and once when he presented a
picture to a friend, he wrote on the back:
"Taken by Oliver W'endell Holmes
and Sun."
CONDUCTED BY E. C. PROTZMAN.
The following game was an off-hand partie
which occurred between Louis Paulsen (then
of Keokuck, Iowa), and Paul Morphy, dur-
ing the period of the American Chess Con-
gress at New York city, October, 1857. Mr.
Morphy was ^et only in his 20th year and
while the game up to the 17th move was of
no especial merit, its beautiful ending was
sufficient to entitle him to the chess throne.
White — Paulsen.
Black — Morphy.
1.
P— K 4
1.
P— K 4
2.
Kt— K B 3
2.
Kt— Q B 3
3-
-Kt— Q B 3
3.
Kt— K B 3
4.
B— Q Kt 5
4.
B— Q Kt 4
5-
-Castles
5.
Castles.
6.
Kt X P.
6.
R— K sq
7.
Kt X Kt
7.
Q P X Kt
8.
B— B 4
8.
P— Q Kt 4
9.
B— K 2
9.
Kt X P
10.
Kt X Kt
10.
R X Kt
11.
B— B 3
11.
R— K 3
12.
P— Q B 3 (A)
12.
Q— Q 6
13.
P— Q Kt 4
13.
B— Kt 3
14-
-P— Q R 4
14.
P X P
lS.
Q X P
15-
-B— Q 2
16.
R— R 2
16.
Q R— K sq
17.
Q— R 6 (B)
17.
Q X B (C)
18.
P X Q
18.
R— K Kt 3 ch
19.
K— R sq
19.
B— K R 6
20.
R— Q sq (D)
20.
B— Kt 7 ch
21.
K— Kt sq
21.
B X B P dis ch
22.
K— B sq
22.
B— Kt 7 ch
28.
K— Kt sq
23.
B— R 6 dis ch
21.
K— R sq
24.
B X B P
25.
Q— K B sq
25.
B X Q
20.
R X B
26.
R— Q 7
27.
R— Q R sq
27.
R— K R 3
28.
P— Q 4
28.
B— K 6
and White resigns, for no matter what white
moves, black mates by K R X R P chk and
Q R mates at Kt 7.
(A) This is a gross oversight, as it en-
ables Mr. Morphy by 12 Q — Q 6 to almost
completely hamper White's game for a num-
ber of moves; but it may be said that up to
the commencement of Morphy's unparalleled
stroke of chess genius, at his l"7th move
neither player was at all doing himself jus-
tice.
(B.) With evident intention of forcing ex-
change of queens as also to block black's
evident combination of 17 Q X R at K B 8
ch— K X R and R— K 8 mate, but Mr.
Morphy had a still deeper combination in
view for by his 17 (C) move be made the
initial move of the most wonderful instance
of chess strategy that has ever occurred in
across board play, for while it has been since
analysed to show that the finale might have
been hastened somewhat, it is proven to be
absolutely sound.
D. If R — Kt sq, it is obvious he would
have been mated in two moves.
We present for the benefit of our young
chess students three of two move problems.
They are from an old work on the game and '
are beneficial and instructive.
NO. 1.
White (7 pieces) K at K 8— R— Q R sq— Q
— K 2 Kt— K 7 and pawns at Q 4— K 5 &
K B 4. Black (7 pieces) K at K 3— Q— K Kt
6 R— Q Kt 5— Kt— Q Kt sq and pawns Q
4— K B 4 and K Kt 5.
White to mate in 2.
NO. 2.
White (3 pieces)— K at K sq— R K R sq
and B K R 6. Black (4 pieces) K K R sq— Kt
Q Kt 7 and pawns K R 2 and K 4.
White to mate in 2.
NO. 3.
White (4 pieces) K at K R sq, Q Q B 7, B K
5, and B K Kt 6. Black (1 piece) King to Q
4. White to mate in 2.
Notes.
The Oregon Road Club deserves com-
mendation for its interest in chess. The
club has a number of well-made tables,
and a half dozen set of the best-grade
chessmen. A separate room is provide
for the chess tables.
Seattle and Tacoma have had two
chess matches this past winter — taking
place alternately in each city.
Two chess games are now going on
between here and Seattle by correspond-
ence. When they are finished we shall
publish them in our column, if they prove
of sufficient merit.
At present there is no regularly organ-
ized chess club in Portland. A number
of our most prominent experts, though,
meet upon Saturday evenings of each
week at the Oregon Road Club.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
THE CELEBRATED
Oregon Blood Purifier
Is a benefit to the human race. KE)EP UP YOUTH,
HEALTH, VIGOR by the use of Dr. Plunder's Ore-
gon Blood Purifier. Quick and complete cure of
all diseases of the Skin, Kidneys, Bladder and Liver. It
checks Rheumatism, Malaria, relieves Constipation,
Dyspepsia and Biliousness, and puts fresh energy into
the system by making New Rich Blood. Take it in
time, right now, as it cannot be beat as a preventative
of disease. Sold preferable and used everywhere. $1.00
a bottle; six for $5.00. Guaranteed. Tested. True.
NUMEROUS DIPLOMAS AWARDED.
Manufactured by
WM. PFUNDER, Active Chemist,
No. 17S8. March 25, 1879.
TRADE
Young but
MARK
PORTLAND,
OREGON.
Thriving.
>
>
Amongst the minor ills of life
One of the 'very ivorst is laundry 'work that is badly done. It not only uses up the
cloth rapidly, but it destroys the temper and gives one an unsatisfactory appearance
ivhere finish is most needed. J* J* Starched linen collars, shirts and cuffs must be un-
questionably immaculate, done ivith no risk, a certainty as to result.
i
X
THE UNION LAUNDRY
this to men cwho make any effort at all to dress <well.
Those
Send a postal or tele-
has come to represent this to
cwho ha<ve nof tried us ivill find that it <zvill pay them to do so.
phone, and <we •will call.
rl . ,< commbia 5o4, UNION LAUNDRY COMPANY,
P s M)regoii| Albina 4i- 53 Randolph Street. *
\ OLD EAST PORTLAND WIRE AND IRON WORKS |
l A. CARLSON, Proprietor. *
MANUFACTURER OF
Iron Stairways, Balconies, Iron Railings, Jail
and Prison Work. Iron Scroll Work, Grill Work,
Fire Dogs, Fire Stands, Chandeliers, Bank and
Office Railings, Cemetery Enclosures and Rail-
ings, Roof Cresting, Etc.
Wire Fences and Gates, Plain and Ornamental
Wire Work, Elevator Enclosures and Grill Work,
Store Fixtures, Skylight Covers, Window Guards
and Fenders, Sand Screens, Coal Screens, Flow-
er Stands and Baskets, Archways, Wire Chairs
and Settees, Ladies' and Gens Wire Figures,
Parrot, Bird and Breeding Cages, etc.
FLORAL DESIGNS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION HADE TO ORDER.
I
8
8
8
^•o»o»o»o»o«c»o»o«o«o«o»o»o«o»c»o»o»o«c«c«g»o«o«o«o»o»o»o»o«o»o»o»o»o»o»o
% 289 E. MORRISON ST. Tel. White 974.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
about Corns....
I What IS a Corn? Pky«ciana c*U * * Clavua. a calou*
or horny thickening of the shin, over a joint in a toe. with a central core
or •'kernel"., A corn cut in half would look very much like this.
What ProdUCeS a Corn? PRESSURE Not necessarily
that the shoe is tight -but while apparently roomy, does, at some*pos;tioD
during walkiog. press upon one spot; the result is a "CORN."
Having a Corn, what shall i do for it? An:
now there is the question. Some people pare them, getting- a little tempor-
ary relief, but stimulaiing the corn to twice as rapid growth ■•■ Well, here
is a clear and
olorless fluid called
Willamette Corn Cure
WtLUMETTi CORK
IT. WILL BEHOVE . CORKJ
For Sale by
all Druggists. .
25
3KII" t, ll« q ITJ B PUKE
For Sale by
all Druggists
WHMTTE CORN CUE
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Osteopathy....
THE SCIENTIFIC REMEDY FOR DISEASES
Without the use of Drugs, Knife, Faith Cure or Hypnotism.
Treatment never too severe for the patient. Nervous, Chronic and
Acute Diseases treated, especially Rheumatism and Spinal troubles.
Every courtesy will be shown to those investigating the science. Correspondence solicited.
EXAMINATION AND CONSULTATION FREE.
>
Col. Phone 731
Ore. Red 2831 .
OFFICE HOURS
9T0 12M.;1T0 5:15P.M.
« Formerly at 189 West Park.
DRS. NORTHRUP and ALKIRE
Located at 170 Thirteenth Street \
►tM-M-
t Robinson & Co. ♦
i ♦♦Haberdashers.*
Sole Agents for
DUNLAPS HATS
:
289 Washington Street
Under the Perkins
++++++++<
►+++++>+++
MARK TWAIN
;«
Said we ought to be thankful tha
we have any weather at all.
OREGON'S WEATHER
is a pleasure <when you carry one of
MEREDITH'S
SCIENTIFIC UMBRELLAS.
We are exclusive dealers in Umbrellas. Repair work
done promptly and carefully. We make old
umbrellas as good as new.
312 Washington Street,
Portland, Oregon.
Established 1885.
Jportlanb fl^arble GDtorhs
268
SCHANEN & NEU.
Estimates given on application.
FIRST STREET,
Bet. Madison and Jefferson, PORTLAND, OR.
A A AA/fcAAAAAA&AA * A * * * AAA A A A A A AAA
£ H H WRIfiHT SHEET MUSIC £
« n. n. wKium AT half price t
« General Musical Merchandise >
p/1 CPfifffirfc Dry Granulated Sugar
■ for one dollar .....
"With, all general orders of
GROCERIES.
A. HEWITT,
4 Sole Agent for
J? The Celebrated "REGAL" Guitars and Mandolins
*> "REGINA" Music Boxes and "Gramophones." ft
4 t
* z
<£ cA good stock of records
J? to select from. |j£
J? 335 Washington St., Cor. Seventh. %
374 Washington $t.
Artistic Effects in Photography «£ ^ ^e
cAre demanded novo as never before.
We have all of the up-to-date methods
for securing this result.
MOORE'S
Dekum Building, Portland, Or.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
"Best Work at Least Possible Cost."
PER TOOTH
Crown and Bridge Work (22 K Gold) $4-50
Best Set Teeth, Rubber - - $5.00
(The same as you pay $io for elsewhere.)
Best Gold Fillings - • • $1.00 up
Best Alloy Fillings • • - 50c up
Teeth Extracted, painless, by our new
method .... 50c
All work guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction. We do not attempt to enter into competition with
cheap dental work, made principally by inexperienced students. Our work will bear your
closest inspection. It will pay you to call ani see us before having work done.
dr. jones, Manage, PORTLAND DENTAL PARLORS, pJSSapyiSS*^
Tfie Biumauer-FranR Drug Co.
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
AND MINING
STOCKS
FOR niNES
see ROGERS & ROGERS,
Real Estate and Mining,
Room 304
BROKERS
Spokane, Wash.
Fernwell Blk.
Portland Cut-Rate Taxidermist Co.
\U% THIRD ST., PORTLAND, OR.
Birds, Animals and Insects finely mounted in
a life-like manner. Rates reasonale.
Lessons given in
Taxidermy 50 cents.
W. B. MALLEIS, Manager.
PHOENIX bicycles ^^^
"THEY STAND THE RACKET."
PRICE, $40.00 &, $50.00.
Golden Eagle Bicycles
BEST $30.00 LIST WHEEL
ON THE MARKET
Clipper Chaihless Bicycles
LIST PRICE $75.00
A Superior Article in the Chainless Line.
Call and examine, or send for Catalogues.
MITCHELL, LEWIS & STAVER CO.
First and Taylor Streets,
Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Art Designs <£ Panel Effects i
i ♦
Special Colorings in Wall Taper, ^oom X
Mouldings, etc, can be had from E, H. £
Moorehouse & Company* It is they cwho are ~t
getting up the odd effects in dainty stripes and +
panels* Special Tinting Friezes in raised or X
frescoe effects J- J> J> r
Write or call for samples and prices. -A-
Estimates given. Work done in all parts of the Northwest, -J-
E. H. MOOREHOUSE & COMPANY
305 Alder Street Portland, Oregon X
BICYCLES
How can we sell 1899
Ramblers at $40?
Because $40 is the regular list price
of 1899 Ramblers, and we give our assur-
ance, backed by the makers' guarantee,
that they are
"The Best Ramblers Ever Built"
and Ramblers have always held the con-
fidence of well-informed cyclists.
THE RAMBLER MAKERS EXPECT TO RECOUP THEMSELVES
FOR DECREASED PROFITS BY GREATLY INCREASED SALES
"and the wheel buyer reaps the benefit."
We Invite Inspection. Catalogue Free.
Fred* T* Merrill Cycle Co*
105-1*1 SIXTH STREET, PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
|&********4^****#******A***£4^****£*****4t**£*****££££*
The latest fad
Carbons on porcelain
HYLAND
Photographer
Corner of Seventh and
Washington Sts.
g»»»»^^^»»^»»»»^»»^»»»^»»^»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»? ■«
Insure your property ivith the
Home Insurance Co*
+.*.0f New York
Cash Capital, $3,000,000.00.
The Great American Fire Insurance
Company.
Assets aggregating over $12,000,000 00, ALL
available for American Policy Holders.
J. D. COLEMAN, General Agent,
250 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OR.
JOHN H. BURGARD,
SPECIAL AGENT.
1—
LOF JOHNSON
Ladies' and Gentlemen's
TAILOR
Room 602
Dekum Building
PORTLAND, ORE.
SSSSSSSSSS^-x^y-sSSSSS^^^^
THE
WORLD'S
MASTERPIECES
JUST WHAT TEACHERS HAVE BEEN LOOKING FOR.
...Entertaining anfc JBeautifullE UUustrateO...
The Story of cRaphaeL
The Story of Murillo.
The Story of Millet
Bach containing Ten Half Tone Engravings of the
Masterpieces.
By JENNIE E KEYSOR, Author of the popular "Sketches of Ameri-
can Writers." Price only 10 cents each. Address
EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING CO.,
809 MARKET ST., SAN FRANCISCO.
SEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDS
SEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDS
SEEDS SEEDS
SEEDS If in need of anything for your garden SEEDS
SEEDS ivrite for our Catalogue. SEEDS
SEEDS SEEDS
liiSi BEE SUPPLIES POULTRY SUPPLIES FERTILIZERS IIISI
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS 169 and 171 Second St
SEEDS
SEND FOR OUR CATALOGUES
Portland Seed Co.
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDS
PORTLAND, ORE. SEEDS
SEEDS
SEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDS
SEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDSSEEDS
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
|&o«c)«:)«j*c*:>*c*:*o*o»o#oao*o«o«o«o«o«o«o«o*c>«o»c*oao«o«o«o«c*o«o«o«o*o^
©
<
I S
i
r
o
UNION
y.
IDESIGISIINO1
-HALF TONES ,
ZING ETCHING-
COLOR M$W
1:* SPECIALTY
52
hont J ^303. '
, a
r^ S -^ r*
& s 2 ^
CO
SAN FRANCISCO, CAL
*
>
Established
in 1887.
Columbia
Phone 307.
)£llis lp>rinttn$ Go.
PRINTERS
PUBLISHERS
STEREOTYPERS
cAnything in the Printing line, from a card to a catalogue.
J05 FIRST STREET, PORTLAND, OREGON.
1
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
APPROPRIATE FRAMING A SPECIALTY
307 WASHINGTON STREET
Bpt. fifth nnd Sixth, PORTLAND. OREGON
CLARKE BROS.
FOR
Fine Cut Flowers
AND
NEW AND BEAUTIFUL
PLANTS
289 Morrison Street
PORTLAND, OREGON
Devers' Blend Coffee i ft MI'S hSl
TO INSURE GETTING THE GENUINE, BUY IN
SEALED PACKAGES ONLY
GLOSSET & DEVERS
Coffee Roasters... PORTLAND, OREGON
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
Telephone 371...
105, 107, 1074 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
^TlVf^l «^4«4- %Sk Agents in every city and town in the Northwest to
^W*W%Cli itvV ♦♦♦ solicit subscriptions for the Pacific Monthly. Salary
,? ##$>$>##$>$> #>$>#>$>$># or commission. Write us at once for particulars.
Address Subscription Department, The Pacific Monthly,
Macleay Building, Portland, Oregon.
We call for, sponge, press and deliver one suit of
your clothing each week for $1.00 per month.
Oregon 'Phone M. 514.
Columbia 'Phone 736.
Unique Tailoring Co., 124 6th St.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific MmithUi.
P UBLISHERS' A NNO UN CEMENT.
I HE publishers of The Pacific Monthly desire to make the Magazine unique
■*■ among the literary publications of the day. With this end in view, new depart-
ments will be added from time to time, and every effort made to conduct them along
original and interesting lines.
It is evident, however, that this object can be more immediately accomplished by
giving the magazine a distinctive western flavor. Accordingly we call for manuscript
relating
PIONEER EXPERIENCES, ANECDOTES,
STORIES OF CROSSING THE PLAINS,
RECEPTIONS BY THE INDIANS,
LOCATING THE NEW HOME,
THE NEW ENVIRONMENT,
ADVENTURES AND ROMANCES OF THE NEW GENERATION,
INDIAN LEGENDS, EARLY CHARACTERS,
THE GROWTH OF A CITY,
LIFE IN THE EARLY VILLAGE,
THE INFLUENCE OF THE INDIAN, ETC., ETC.
Almost every pioneer in the Northwest holds in memory some interesting fact
which has come into his life, or has been told him by others, and the telling of it at
this time will be of intense interest to the world. We hope, therefore, for a very
liberal response to this call.
Manuscript or letters relating to any of these subjects, or along the lines they sug-
gest, will receive prompt and careful consideration.
Any suggestions in regard to these articles, or any ideas relating tw any depart-
ment in the Magazine, will be gratefully received. Address all correspondence to
The Pacific Monthly, Macleay Bldg., Portland, Or.
4 <?•>
J ** My Health is my Fortune, Sir " she said,
•i "and it came from eating"
I RALSTON HEALTH CLUB BREAKFAST FOODS
2 We are headquarters on the Pacific Coast for Ralston Health Club Foods.
2 HERE THEY ARE
4 ALL IN A BUNCH
alston Health Club Break-
fast Food.
alston Health Club Barley
Food.
alston Health Pancake Flour
alston Crackers.
alston Select Bran.
alston Cocoa.
alston Infant Food.
alston Health Yeast.
alston Whole Wheat Flour.
■*
Send us a two-cent stamp with your grocer's name
and receive samples.
ACME MILLS CO. 20-22 North Front Str., PORTLAND, OR.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
******************************
| "Absolutely Delicious " |
5> Is the verdict of all <who have tasted <J
S our Chocolate Creams and Caramels. They fr
2 are fresh, pure, and of exceptional flavor, jj
* Our Ice Cream and Ice Cream Soda are <»
2 unexcelled. Only a step from the street fe
2 and you are in our store. 2
| DENNIS & GOOD, J
* 322 Washington St., near 6th, Portland, Ore. *
"Si N. B. — To the Trade. We are making a 5?
3l specialty of filling country orders in the most J?
T? careful manner. No order too large or too small. J?
2( If you want fresh candy and wish to increase 2,
2? your business at once, try an order with us. <aT
^0«3»0»0«3«3«3«0»3»0»0«J»0«0«3«O»O«O»0»0»O»0«0»0»3«CI»O»0«j
: ..HATTERS AND FURNISHERS..
Sole Agents for
.*
KNOX HHTS
Portland, Or. \
§ 94 Third St.
^•o»o«c«o»o«o«o«o«c«c»o»o«c»o«c»o»o«o»o»o«o»o»c»o»o»o»o»o§
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
CARRIES A FULL LINE OF
MOTORS from One-half Horse Power Up
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kinds
of Machinery.
ARC and INCANDESCENT LIGHTING.
Electric and Bell Wiring a Specialty.
COR
Electric Supplies
SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
EDWARD HOLMAN
UNDERTAKER
EMBALMER and
FUNERAL DIRECTOR
280 Yamhill St.
Experienced
Lady Assistant
►+++>+++++♦♦ ♦♦♦♦
First-Class ♦
Laundry Work^e^e^e i
The American Laundry is fitted
up with every article conductive to
first-class work. These facilities,
combined vjith care and promptness,
insure satisfaction to our customers.
If you have not tried us, let us call
for an order and convince you.
American Laundry, \
Cor. 12th and Flanders. "£
<J Both Phones 85 J.
♦ ♦♦♦-
Down Town Office
291 Washington Street.
Luxurious I ravel
THE "North-Western Limited" trains,
electric lighted throughout, both inside
and out, and steam heated, are, -with-
out exception, the finest trains in the -world.
They embody the latest, newest and best
ideas for comfort, convenience and luxury
ever offered the traveling public, and al-
together are the most complete and splen-
did production of the Car Builders' art.
THESE SPLENDID TRAINS
CONNECT WITH
The Great Northern
The Northern Pacific and
The Canadian Pacific
AT ST. PAUL, FOR
CHICAGO and the EAST.
No extra charge for these superior accommo-
dations and all classes of tickets are available for
passage on the famous" North-western Limited."
All trains on this line are protected by the Inter-
locking Block system.
W. H. MEAD,
GEN'L AGENT.
The North-Western Line.
PORTLAND, OR.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
2 Overland Trains Daily 2
-THE-
YELLOWSTONE PARK \ DINING CAR LINE.
...When going to the...
BUFFALO HUMP MINING COUNTRY,
TAKE
THE
NORTHERN PACIFIC,^
Direct service to the GOLD FIELDS of British Columbia,
via SPOKANE, WASH.
E +
L RAIL f
ROUTE. +
♦
■f
Tickets sold to all points
in the United States and Canada.
A. D. CHARLTON,
Assistant General Passenger Agent,
Telephone Main 244
+♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦<
255 Morrison St., Cor. Third, +
Portland, Oregon. >
♦♦♦♦♦♦ »^ ♦♦ ♦ ++++♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦ »++++4 »+++++++ +-+♦♦♦♦
THE MAGNIFICENT SCENERY
OF
COLUMBIA RIVER
The most beautiful in the world, can best be seen
from the steamers "DAI/IBS CITY" and
"REGULATOR" of the
"REGULATOR LINE'
DO NOT MISS THIS.
Steamers leave Portland, Oak St. Dock, 7 a. m, daily,
except Sunday, for The Dalles, Cascade Locks, Hood
River and way landings.
C. G. THAYER, AGT..
Oak St. Dock, Portland.
(Phone 914.)
W. C. ALLAWAY,
Gen. Agt ,
The Dalles, Or.
Ore,— PHONES 734— Col
Model Laundry Company
308 MADISON STREET,
Between Fifth and Sixth
PORTLAND,
OREGON
111 GRANDE WESTERN RAILWAY.
THE ONLY LINE
—OFFERING-
TWO Routes from Portland.
THREE Routes through Colorado.
FOUR Routes east thereof.
The Grandest Mountain Scenery in America
by daylight.
Personally conducted tourist excursions.
through to the east without change of cars.
Free Reclining Chair Cars in all trains.
New and Elegant Equipment.
Perfect Dining Car Service.
STOPOVER IN UTAH OR COLORADO
GRANTED ON Alyly CLASSES OF TICKETS.
No trouble to answer questions.
M. J. ROCHE, J. D. MANSFIELD.
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
253 Washington St., Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Columbia River & Puget Sound Navigation Co.
Portland and Astoria
Steamers Telephone or Bailey Gatzert leave foot Alder
Street daily (except Sundays 7 A. M.
Leave Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
U. B. SCOTT, President
flstona and Goilimbia River R. R. Time card
WINTER SCHEDULE-Daily
Train No. 22 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 12:15 p. m.
Train No. 24 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at 11:10 p.m.
Return
Train No. 21 leaves Astoria at 8.00 a. m., arrives in
Portland at 12:15 P- m.
Train No. 23 leaves Astoria at 6:30 p. m. and arrives
in Portland at 10:35 P- tn.
Train No. 22 runs through to Seaside, leaving Seaside
on the return at 2:50 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia River K. R. Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:01) p. in., arriving at
Astoria at 12:15 P- m and 11:10 p. m. Leaving for Sea-
side at 12:20 p. in.
GO EAST VIA
Oregon Short Line Railroad
THE DIRKCT ROUTE TO
Montana, Utah, Colorado
and all Eastern and Southern Points.
AfFordine choice of two routes via the UNION
PACIFIC Fast Mail Line or the RIO
GRANDE Scen.c Lines through Colorado.
LOOK AT THE TIME
I i DAYS TO SALT LAKE
1\ DAYS TO DENVER
%\ DAYS TO GHICACO
44 DAYS TO NEW YORK
Free Reclining Chair Cars, Upholstered Tonr-
ist Sleeping- Cars, and Pullman Palace Sleep-
ers operated on all trains.
For further information, apply to
C. O. TERRY, W. E- COMAN,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
124 Third St., Portland, Or.
SOUTHERN
'a PACIFIC
COMPANY
LEAVE Depot, Fifth and I Sts. ARRIVE
* 6 00 p. m.
* 8 30 a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
% 7 30 a. m.
1 450p.m.
OVERLAND EX-
PRESS, for Salem,
Roseburg, Ashland,
Sncramento, Ogden,
San Francisco, Mo-
jave, Los Angeles. El
Paso, New Orleans
and the East.
Roseburg Passenger. . ".
(Via Woodburn for*}
Mt. Angel, Silverton,
West Scio, Browns- >
ville, Springfield I
I, and Natron. J
Corvallis Passenger. ....
Independence Pass'ng'r
* 430 p.m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
t 550 p.m.
\ 8 25 a. m.
* Daily. J Daily except Sunday.
Direct connection at San Franci-co with Occi-
dental and Oriental and Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND CHINA. Sailing dates
on application.
Rates and tickets to eastern points and Eu-
rope, also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA, can be obtained from J. B.
KIRKLAND, Ticket Agent, 134 Third St.
Yamhill Division: — Passenger Depot foot of
Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a. m.;
12:30, 1:55, 3:25, 5:15, 6:25, 8:05, 11:30 p. m., and 9:00
a. m. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland
daily at 6:35*, 8:30, 10:50*8. m; 1:35, 3:15,4:30, 6:20,
7:40, 9:15 p. m.; 12:40 a. m. daily except Monday
and 10:05 a. in. o Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, exeept Sunday, at
4:30 p. m. Arrive at Portland at 0:30 a. m.
Leave for Airlik Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays at 8:40 a. m. Arrive at Portland Tues-
days, Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
* Except Sunday.
R. KOEHLER, C. H. MARKHAM,
Manager. den. F. & P. Agt.
When dealing -with our advertisers.
0. R. & N.
Fast Mail
8:00 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
2:10 p. m.
TIME SCHEDULES
FROM PORTLAND.
Salt Lake, Denver, Ft
Wonh, Omaha, Kan-
sas City, St. Louis,
Chicago and East.
Walla Wall •, Spokane,
Minneapolis, St. Paul,
Duluth, Milwaukee,
Chicago and East.
d:oo p. m.
8:00 p. m
Ex. Sunday
Saturday
10:00 p. m.
6:00 a. m.
Ex. Sunday
7:00 a. m.
Tues.Thur
and Sat.
6:00 a. m.
Tues.Thur
and Sat.
Lv.Riparia
1:45 a. m.
Daily
Ex. Sat.
Orean Steam sliips.
All sailing dates subject
to change.
For San Francisco —
Sail every five days.
Columbia River
St ainovs.
To Astoria and Way
Landings.
Willamette Itivr.
Oregon City, Newberg,
Salem & Way Landings
Arrive
Fast Mail
6:45 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
8:30 a. in.
4:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
4:30 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
Willam<tte and
Yamhill Riv-rs.
Oregon City, Dayton
and Way Landings.
3:30 p. m.
Mon. Wed.
and Fri.
Willamette River. 4:30 p: m.
Portland to Corvallis Tues.Thur
and Way Landings. and Sat.
Lv. Lewis-
I ton 545
a. m. daily
Ex. Friday
Snake River.
Riparia to Lewiston.
V. A. SCHILLING. W. H. HURLBURT,
City Ticket Agt., Gen'l. Pass. Agt.
254 Washington St., Portland, Ore.
kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
L* ♦ H H ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ M ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ H» ♦ H H ♦ H H H H H ♦ » ♦ ♦ M ♦ M ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ » H ♦ M ♦ fr
" No Community is Prosperous Whose People are Not Employed''
| You Need Our Factories!!
Patronize
Home
Industry
YOU preach this doctrine, now practice it. You say you
love your home, now show it. You say the community
should be more prosperous, keep your money at home. You
admit we manufacture over four hundred articles of impor-
tance as cheaply as in Eastern or foreign markets — why not
buy them? You admit that Chicago and other thrifty cities
not so far away were made so by enterprising citizens; fol-
low their example. You speak of the patriotism of the whole
people, hence show unselfish devotion t« the manufacturing
industries of Oregon.
M. ZAN, President
E. H. KILHAM, Vice Pres.
MADE IN OREGON
'jc- ,'i*v; /pi
R. J. HOLMES, Treasurer
C. H. MclSAAC, Secretary
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦+++> M ♦ » f | ♦ » ♦ ♦ M ♦ ♦
The Favorite Transcontinental Ifaute Between
the Northwest and all Points East.
Choice of Two Routes Through the FAMOUS
^^ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY
And Four Routes East of Pueblo and Denver
All Passengers granted a day stop-over in
the Mormon Capitol or anywhere between
Ogden and Denver. Personally conducted
Tourist Excursions three days a week to
OMAHA, KANSAS CITY, ST. LOUIS,
CHICAGO and the EAST.
For Tickets and any Information regarding Rates,
Routes, etc., or for Descriptive Advertising Matter,
call on Agents of Oregon Railway & Navigation
Co. Oregon Short Line or Southern Pacific
Companies.
S. K. HOOPER, R. C. NICHOL,
Geu. Pass. & Ticket Agt. Gen. Agt., 251 Wash Si
DENVER, COL. PORTLAND, ORC.
Ill fioiptitiiii
<^pic?ro^v
As regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
'JUST THINK!
Q}4 days with no change to Chicago
4/4 days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN:
Trains are Illuminated by Pintsch Gas,
run Into Union Depots, and Baggage
Is checked through to Destination.
Lowest Rates.
For Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
J. H. LOTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. Agent.
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
"THE UPHEAVAL IN ASIA,
— Bv—
R. VAN BERGEN.
And Its Significance 4o Portland's Commerce."
wri
Volume II '
JUNE
1899
Number 2
TEN CENTS A COPY .* J- <* J> .* ONE DOLLAR A YEAR
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUBLISHING COMPANY
PUBLISHERS .* ..* > /'Jt jt j. > PORTLAND, OREGON
AMERICA has proved that it is practicable to elevate
the mass of mankind— that portion which in
Europe is called the laboring, or lovjer class— -to raise
them to self-respect, to make them competent to act a
part in the great right and great duty of self-govern-
ment; and she has proved that this may be done by
education and the diffusion of knowledge. She holds
out an example a thousand times more encouraging than
ever ivas presented before.
Daniel Webster.
"IMPERIALISM vs. DEMOCRACY"
By C. E. S. Wood, in this number, begins series on " EXPANSION."
THREE NEW DEPARTMENTS BEGIN IN THIS NUMBER.
DO YOU BUY DRUGS...
Toilet Articles, Soaps or Perfumes, or any of the thousand and one articles
carried by a drug firm? Then let us send you our cut-rate catalogue.
IT WILL SA VE YOU "DOLLARS...
Dots Photography interest you? Let us send you our Photographic Catalogue.
We earry the largest and most complete stock on the Coast.
Woodard, Clarke & Co.,
FOURTH AND WASHINGTON STS.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
'▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼
GOODYEAR RUBBER COMPANY.
We carry in stock a complete assortment of RUBBER GOODS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
ANY STYLE. ANY SIZE. ANV QUANTITY.
MACKINTOSHES
Crack Proofs.
-.Snag Proof
RUBBER
BOOTS
Druggists'
Rubber
Goods
j*jt*
v* J* J*
BOOTS AND SHOES
"GOLD SEAL"
BELTING
PACKING
AND HOSE
Rubber
and Ofl
Clothing
R. H. PEASE, Vice-President and Manager,
73 and 75 FIRST STREET, jt PORTLAND, OREGON.
AVERY & CO.
FURNITURE AND UPHOLSTERY HARDWARE.
LOGGERS' AND LUMBERMEN'S SUPPLIES.
SPORTING AND BLASTING POWDER.
FISHING TACKLE.
MCCAFFREY'S CELEBRATED FILES
AND HORSE RASPS.
I
HARDWARE
TOOLS, CUTLERY.
82 Third St., near Oak,
Portland, Oregon,
J0»"THIS ISSUE INCREASED 16 PAGES.
Sec Publishers' Announcements on Page 16 of Advertising Section.
The Pacific Monthly.
(The entire contents of this Magazine are covered by the general copyright, and articles must not be reprinted
without special permission.)
CONTENTS FOR JUNE, 1899.
The Alchemist Jrontispiece
(From photo taken by Hyland, Portland, Oregon, which
won two first prizes in New York and London.
The Upheaval in Asia, and Its Significance to
Portland's Commerce % coan Bergen 43
"In the Third Generation" (Short Story) Charles Willard 47
To Ethel (Sonnet) ./. W. Whalley 57
Poems of Oregon —
Memaluse Island Sam L. Simpson 53
The Loves of the Mountains De Etta Cogswell 54
"Imperialism vs. Democracy" C. E. S. Wood 55
Resurrection (Poem) cAdonen 67
Washougal — An Indian Romance Charles <B. Ifeid 68
Greek Lyric Art H. % Fairclough 71
Of Stanford University.
The Pioneers (Poem) Walter Cayley 'Belt 74
The Voice of the Silence 75
Began in January, 1899.
"Wyeth's Expedition to Oregon F. G. Young 79
Second Paper. Of the University of Oregon.
Scene on the Columbia River 5/
DEPARTMENTS:
Our Point of View (Editorial) 82
The Month— A Record of the World's Progress 84
In Politics, Literature, Science, Art, Education and Religious Thought, with Leading Events.
Books 89
Men and "Women — (New Department.)
Living Together Edgar P. Hill, D. D. 91
Questions of the Day — (New Department.)
Expansion ..." A. H. Tanner 92
Trusts W.H. Shelor 93
The Financial World — (New Department) 94
The Magazines 95
Chess : 97
Drift—
His Heart Was Won 98
College Amenities 98
A Young Man's Love 100
Work and Genius 100
Terms: — $1.00 a year in advance; 10 cents a copy. Subscribers should remit to us in P. O. or express
money-orders, or in bank checks, drafts, or registered letters.
Agents for The Pacific Monthly are wanted in every locality, and the publishers offer unusual in-
ducements to first-class agents. Write tor our terms.
Manuscript sent to The Pacific Monthly will not be returned after publication unless definite in
structions to that effect with stamps accompany letters enclosing manuscript.
Address all correspondence, of whatever nature, to
alex. swEEK, Prest. THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. CO.,
J. THORBURN ROSS, Vice Prest. * „ ., ,. -a—. »...-, ^„r-™»,
w. b. wells, Manager. Maclcay Build.ng, PORTLAND, OREGON.
LISCHEN M. MILLER, Asst. Manager.
Copyrighted 1899 by William Bittle Wells.
Entered at the Post Office at Portland, Oregon, Oct. 17, 1898, as second-class matter.
The publishers of The Pacific Monthly will esteem it a favor if readers of the Magazine will kindly
mention The Pacific Monthly when dealing with our advertisers.
PRESS OF THE ELLIS PRINTING CO., 1 OS FIRST ST , PORTLAND, ORE.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
Transact a General Banking Business
Special Attention Given to
Collections
i*o;RiM^v:ivr>, oregojv
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" Trie Policy Holders' Company "
TMB NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
1st A. Cash Surrender Value. 2d A Loan equal in amount to the Cash Value.
3d Extended Insurance for the Full amount of Policy, without the request of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-up Policy
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
727, 728 & 729 Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
Portland Cut-Rate Taxidermist Co. sf
184>£ THIRD ST., PORTLAND, OR.
Birds, Animals and Insects finely mounted in
a life-like manner. Rates reasonale.
Lessons given in
Taxidermy 50 cents.
W. B. MALLEIS, Manager.
Established 1872
JOHN A. BECK
Dealer in
watcDes, Diamonds, Jewelry, Silverware,
270 Morrison St., Bet. Third and Fourth,
rcpairino a specialty Portland. Oregon
For Delicious «g «g
Home Made Bread, Cakes,
Pies, Graham, Whole Wheat
and Biscuit Bread
...TRY,,.
ANN ARBOR HOME BAKERY,
347 Morrison Street,
PORTLAND, OR.
SCIENTIFIC MASSEUR J> J-
m \cHcute and Chronic Rheumatic Affed:ons,
Nervous Diseases and Obesity successfully ti eat-
ed by Electricity, Massage, Dry Hot Air, and
Vapor <Baths. . N p MELEENi M G.
Office, 318-319 Marquam Bldg.
W. A. Knight. W. M. Knight.
KNIGHT SHOE CO.
Successors to Knight & Eder.
SOLE AGENTS
SOROSIS for Women. 292 Washington St.
BLACK CAT for Men. Opposite Perkins Houl,
$3.50. Portland, Or.
THE J. K. GILL CO.
Fiqest Stationery
Masonic Temple, Third and Alder Sts., Portland, Ore.
ALL THE LATEST BOOKS
Prices to Meet All Competitors
ONE OF THE PROBLEMS
Of merchandising has been, how best to advertise.
A store must advertise or it cannot prosper.
IT HAS BEEN FOUND
That magazine advertising pays best in proportion
to the outlay.
MORAL!
Advertise in The Pacific Monthly. 20,000 readers
every month, and before the family thirty days.
Telephone Red 1842. Telephone Pink 341.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
iii
|£i ALL-Bearing Type-Bar Joints and Fixed
r^-^ Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unimpair-
able Alignment, Lightest Key Action. The
Most Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work.
Carriage locks at end of line, protecting the
writing. Compact Shift Keyboard. Numer-
ous Handy Features. Address for full par-
ticulars,
United Typewriter & Supplies Co.
No. 232 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Whitman College.
Entrance Requirements same as Yale
STRONG FACULTY.
THOROUGH WORK.
j*
Classical, Scientific, XfterarE....
....?n& /Hbusical Departments
HIGHESi STANDARDS,
Walla Walla,
Washington.
OltNAriCHTAL WIRt Ik IRON
GRILL WORK fOR CLEVATOR EKClOSURtl
334 ALDCR SI,
t * BOOST..,
P°RTlAHD.Ore§o
Wire and Iron Fencing,
Window Guards, Etc.
Tel. Black 1961.
335 ALDER ST.
Both Phones 214.
CARPET GLEANING WORKS
HUNTER BROS.
550 Jefferson Street, Near Seventeenth.
Blankets Scoured and Re-knapped.
Mattresses and Feathers Renovated.
I<ace Curtains a Specialty.
Carpets Re-fitted and Re-laid.
Orders Received at
Woodard, Clarke & Co., 4th & Washington Sts.
Burn's Grocery, 147 Third St.
SURETY BONDS
Fidelity and Deposit Company of Mar) land.
Capital and Surplus, $2,500,000.00, issues' guar-
antee bonds to employes in positions of trust,
Court Bonds, Federal Officers', City, County
and State Officials' Bonds issued promptly.
Agents in all principal towns throughout
the State of Oregon.
FRANK L. GILBERT,
Gen'l Agent,
SAN FRANCISCO.
W. R. MACKENZIE,
State Agent,
208 Worcester Block,
PORTLAND, OR.
Telephone Main 986.
Cawston & Co.,
Dealers in
Engines and Boilers.
Wood -Working Machinery,
...Iron- Working Tools and Supplies...
48 & 50 First Street
PORTLAND, ORE.
Blake's Single and Duplex Pumps.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Use-
THE TELEPHONE INDEX
cA time sa'ber for business men, and the only Index pub-
lished giving both Companies numbers*
PRICE, $2.00 PER YEAR.
For Advertising Space or Subscription, address
G. H. AYDELOTTE, telephones
No. 5 Raleigh Bldg., Portland, Ore.
Oregon Main 816.
Columbia 23R.
•: CAN BE OBTAINED ONLY
P(>rf(>f t ...Through a Complete...
I Metallic Circuit For each "*?!«*»• and
Telephone j - — —No Party Lines.
I Atone has these Advantages.
' I OFFICES, 606-607 Oregonian Building, PORTLAND, OREGON.
THE COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY
IMPORTED SUGARS
DRY GRANULATED
cAll prices under the
sugar trust.
If you want to keep
the price of sugar
do<Tvn, support the
Importer.
Address,
PL
X
1 1
LIGHT BROWN
I W. A. MEARS, 33 Second Street, Portland, Oregon. |
$99^1
***»#*#*#^^^^**^W^***»*******«*##*********#**^****-#*^**$
Established 1882.
Open Day and Night.
* E, Housed Cafe ^
138 Third Street
PORTUND, OREGON
Clams and Oysters.
Home-Made Pies and Cakes.
Cream and Milk from Our Own Ranch.
The Best Cup of
Coffee and Chocolate in the City.
PATENTS
Quickly secured. OUR TEE DUE WHEN PATENT
OBTAINED. Send model, sketch or photo, with
description for free report as to patentability . 48-PAGE
HAND-BOOK FREE. Contains references and full
information. WRITE FOR COPT OF OUR SPECIAL
OFFER. It is the most liberal proposition ever made by
a patent attorney, and EVERY INVENTOR SHOULD
READ IT before applying for patent. Address :
H.B.WILLS0N&C0.
PATENT LAWYERS,
LeDroitBldg., WASHINGTON, D. C.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Devers.' Blend Coffee { ft lift flKl
TO INSURE GETTING THE GENUINE, BUY IN
SEALED PACKAGES ONLY
CLOSSET & DEVERS
Coffee Roasters... . PORTLAND, OREGON
* NO HUMBUG NO SHAMS
| S. W. Aldrich Pharmacy
? .... Corner Sixth and Washington Streets, Portland, Oregon ....
Carries a Complete Assortment of High-Grade Drugs
and1 Chemicals, By constant and careful attention the
* stock is kept fresh and up-to-date
X Direct Importer of French and English Perfumes, Soaps, Powders, Toilet Waters and
4 Novelties. Particular Attention Given to Prescriptions and Mail Orders. Prices #
*> Lowest in the City on Same Class of Goods 9
Northwestern Mutual Life
OF MILWAUKEE. WI?.
Grants more Insurance for the Same Cost or the Same Insurance
at Lower Cost than any other Company.
Largest Purely American Company.
Official Reports of State Insurance Departments Represent it to be the
Strongest and Best
For Terms, Address
S. T. L0CKW00D & SON. General Agents,
Concord Building, Portland, Ore.
iVhrn dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific .\fon!h!y.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY-LEGAL DIRECTORY.
John H. Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commercial Block, PORTLAND, ORE.
R. R. Giltner
Russell E. Sewall,
District Attorney
GILTNER & SEWALL
Attorneys at Law
Offices, 508-509 Commercial Building
PORTLAND, OREGON
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorneys at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
Library Associalion of Portland
24,000 Volumes and over 200 Per odicals.
$5.00 a Year and $1.50 a Quarter. Two
Hooks Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS- From 9 A. M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Sundays
and Holidays.
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK.
SAMUEL J. BRUN
Attorney and Counselor at Law
sixth floor, mills building
San Francisco, Cal.
Practices in all the Courts
P.O. BOX 157. TEL. MAIN 387.
RODNEY L GLISAN,
EDWARD HOLMAN
UNDERTAKER
EM3ALMER and
FUNERAL DIRECTOR
280 Yamhill St.
Experienced
Lady Assistant.
Alaska Mines *nd™™Jtock
Printed matter describing Alaska sent for 26 Cents in
Stamps.
MILLER & DAVIDSON
< JUNEAU, ALASKA
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OP NEW BOOKS AND MAGAZINES
25 Cents per Month
-» JONES' BOOK STORE*
SOI Alder Street, Portland. Oregon
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
ROOM 420
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
Portland, Ore.
JOHN T. WHALLEY,
attorney at Xaw.
NOTARY PUBLIC.
BENSON BLOCK,
N. E. COR. MORRISON & FIFTH STS. PORTLAND, ORE.
Tel. Columbia 238.
FRANK E. FERRIS, D. D. S.
Raleigh 'Building
N. W. Cor. Sixth and Washington Sts.
PORTLAND,
OREGON.
W. H. KINROSS
WCe SULTUIRIE
c0ocal Instructor,
Portland Ladies' Club and €Mozart Club.
SMusical Director, Portland Orchestra.
STUDIO, 302 GOODNOUGH BLDG.
The Californian Combination
A New Sanitary Suit for Baby in Short Clothes
A unique pattern for waist and drawers in one piece with stocking supporter attachment. It fur-
nishes complete protection to the body in flannel, dispenses with bands, petticoats and numerous pins and
buttons.
For Bathing and Gymnasium Costume Unexcelled
For full description see Trained Motherhood, this number.
Pattern with full directions will be mailed upon receipt of 25 cents. Sizes one and two-year old. The
garments in shrunk flannel, natural and while, will be sent upon receipt of $1.00. Apply for patterns, cir-
culars and sample garments to Mrs. M. OTIS BRUIN, Stanford University, California.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
:»;»:«i«i«:»!»!»:»i»!»:»:":« :«:•:«:■:■:■:■;■.■:■.■;■:•;■:■:•:■:■:•>
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVER1 ISING SECTION.
Oregon 'Phone Black 984.
Columbia 658.
Portland Agent for
Albany (Oregon)
Woolen Mills.
Civil •«•«»
flilitary Tailor,
n
>ms 1 , 8, 3, 12, 13, up-»t»ib«.
Entrance. 88J4Third St.
PORTLAND,
OREGON.
f& o» j«o»o«o»o»D«o«»o«^»o»y» ■_* j» • ••••••••••••» *
HATTERS AND FURNISHERS
Sole Agents for
KNOX HHTS
94iThird St. Portland, Or. jj
128 SIXTH STREET
Shirts 8c. Collars 2c. Cuffs 4c.
All other work in proportion.
C. C. NEWCASTLE
Dentist
GRADUATE MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY
Give us a Trial, flotl, phones 700. — • ^JiTeu,
Portland, Or.
*
4r
4r
G. K. WlTHINGTOK I
Cashier
W. C. Alvord
ad Asst. Cashier '
4t H W. CORBBTT
$ Vice President
4$
Jj£ J. W. Newkirk
•« Asst. Cashier
I
*
4.
4:
4;
4^
4
<
*
4.
4
4
4
4r
4r
*
4r
i
«
4*
LI
**************************
First
National Bank
PORTLAND, OREGON
COR. FIRST AND WASHINGTON STS.
Capital, - $500,000.00
Surplus, - 650,000.00
Designated Depositary, and Financial
Agent, United States.
tttHHtttHttHtHtttH ♦♦♦♦♦»
Why Wait
till Christmas
to secure the presents you wish to
give to your friends? A postal card
request will bring you a sample
copy of the
: HOME JOURNAL
which will tell you how to secure
many beautiful and valuable presents
I ABSOLUTELY FREE
In addition to these magnificent
premiums, each subscriber you se-
cure will receive choice of 200 books,
by standard authors, handsomely
bound, which alone is worth the
price of subscription.
■i- Write to-day to the
f
t Journal Publishing Co.,
408 California St.,
San Francisco.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
Tiii
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
MORTGAGE LOANS
On Improved
Portland City Property
In sums from $500 to $500,000 at Idtoest current intend rate*,
T^ff-lpkC Abstracted and Insured against
* I 1 1 C^ Defect or Loss.
1 rtlSXS Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND TRUST CO.
FIND US IN OUR NEW OFFICES,
FOURTH STREET ENTRANCE
WM. M. LADD, PRESIDENT.
J. THORBURN ROSS, MANAGER.
T. T. BURKHART, ASST. SECRETARY.
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING,
PORTLAND. ORE.
•S!^5^«5^^^^5i^5t8^€SSJSl5!^®^S^!^^^5^iS5^^^^
Columbia 'Phone 115. £►
I
WITHRO W The Shirt Maker
Gents' Shirts and Ladies' Shirt Waists to Order.
Ooodnough Building, Fifth Street, opp. Postoffice, Second Floor,
PORTLAND, OREGON. g
Oregon 'Phone Black 1827. £
Invesment Securities. Real Estate, f
..We will bond you..
THE
United States Fidelity and Guaranty Co.
OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.
Surety Bonds of every description issued
promptly.
HARTMAN, POWERS & CO.,
3 Chamber of Commerce, Portland, Oregon.
Loans. Insurance.
S* G* Skidmore & Co*
Cut-Rate
Druggists
We give special attention to Prescriptions and
the selection of High Grade Bristle Goods.
J*
15J THIRD STREET
Portland, Oregon
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
The Pacific Monthly.
"Vol. II
JUNE, t899
&{p. 2
The Upheaval in Asia, and Its Significance to
Portland's Commerce.
"By % VAN 'BERGEN.
FEW business men in the broad realm
of this Republic have followed the
drama now beingplayed across the
Pacific. And yet, take it as you please,
there is no more interesting course of
events than the convulsion of great em-
pires, as they are fulfilling their destiny,
moved by forces internal as well as by
an impetus imparted from abroad. It
is a large chess board, where a move
affects the well-being of a people count-
ed by tens of millions. Look at it!
There is China, an inert mass, to be
sure, but teeming with a population
numbering four hundred millions, at a
conservative estimate. Close to this gi-
gantic though sleeping power is India,
just beginning to throb with the whole-
some impulses of our century, her long-
suffering masses awakening under the
wise and benevolent supervision of a
race to which we are kin. Japan, al-
though small in size, has forced herself
as an equal upon the nations of the Occi-
dent and, with her forty-five millions
acting as a unit, intends to be heard be-
fore the drama nears its climax.
And what role will the Great Republic
undertake to play? Two parties are
forming under the ill-chosen names of
"Expansionists'' and "Anti-Expansion-
ists," and, so far as can be seen, the sole
object of both is to make political capi-
tal for the few selfish and corrupt leaders
who, as professional politicians, form the
bane of the country at home, and the dis-
grace of the nation abroad. The indus-
trious, law-abiding citizens look with
disgust upon those few vultures gnawing
at the very vitals of republican institu-
tions, and, moved by this feeling of con-
tempt, enable the least worthy to nomi-
nate the men who shall establish the laws
as well as those who shall execute them.
There is no more good-natured and
long-suffering citizen than the Ameri-
can. He bows under a yoke so galling
that the Russian serf, accustomed to the
knout, would rise and exert his manhood
to shake it off.
This may seem a digression, but it is
pertinent to the subject. But a few de-
cades have passed since the Stars and
Stripes proclaimed the enterprise and
activity of our people in every port on
the globe. The oceans were covered
with our ships, and it is within the mem-
ory of comparatively young men when
50 per cent of the Pacific carrying trade
was operated by American-built craft.
There was then no need of whining:
"What do you think of this country?"
No press representative would have
dared humble the nation by asking the
stranger entering within its domain the
humiliating question, "How do you like
this country?" but would fiercely and
properly have resented any commenda-
tion from the uninvited guest, as utterly
uncalled for. The love of country and
44
THE PACIFIC MONTHL Y.
pride of its flag exists — recent events
have demonstrated that fact. But more
recent events have also proved that a
more powerful motive is animating a
small number of very small citizens — a
contemptible selfishness, to whom ap-
plies :
"Sans ami comme sans famille
Ici bas vivre en etranger,
Se retirer dans sa coquille
Au signal du moindre danger.
S'aimer d'une amitie sans borne,
De soi seul emplir sa maison,
C'est l'histoire de l'egoiste." *
Pertinent? Most decidedly these re-
marks are pertinent! Before Dewey's
guns announced in unmistakable tones
that it was not safe to proceed too far in
showing contempt for the flag our child-
ren are taught to revere, the enterprising
men who had voluntarily exiled them-
selves to aid in recovering the lost com-
mercial prestige, were far from safe in
the country selected by them as the
sphere of their activity. Missionaries
were murdered with impunity by the
Chinese, and the great class of news-
paper readers merely considered the ac-
count as a piece of news of little interest,
forgetting that each one of these mur-
ders was an insult to the flag that should
have afforded protection. American citi-
zens have been freely exposed to wan-
ton insult by the Japanese, and where
pages could be filled by the record of
these outrages, THERE WAS NO RE-
DRESS FOR AN AMERICAN CIT-
IZEN, EITHER IN CHINA OR JA-
PAN. Is there a man among the read-
ers of these pages whose blood does not
boil at the simple narrative of the follow-
ing fact:
The American ship *'Starbuck" was
in the harbor at Kobe, Japan, and had
nearly completed loading, when the wife
of the captain, a middle-aged lady, went
to the leading native silk store to make
some purchases, and after selecting some
goods, and paying for them, requested
* This may somewhat freely be translated:
"Without a friend, a child, or wife,
To lead a solitary life;
And snail-like draw within one's shell,
At trembling of aiarum bell.
Think of one's self with boundless love,
To Self coo like a turtle dove,
Is what a selfish cur will do." , , .
that they be sent on board. In due time
a package arrived, but on opening it,
goods of an inferior quality were found.
It was too late to return on shore, but on
the following day the lady went back to
the store, carrying the goods with her.
She was met by one of the proprietors,
to whom she made her complaint, at the
same time pointing out the goods she
had purchased, whereupon the fellow-
struck the defenseless woman on the
breast, bruising her severely, and ended
by literally throwing her into the street.
As soon as the outrage became known,
the American residents held an indigna-
tion meeting. That was the end of this,
as well as of, O! so many similar cases.
Our Japanese friends interpreted the
highly lauded Monroe doctrine in the
simple manner that every American
could be kicked and cuffed, and were
not slow in acting upon this interpreta-
tion.
The truth of this and similar humili-
ating facts has not been hidden, but the
same culpable apathy which permits a
few lawless characters to debauch the
polls and render republican institutions
a mockery, was satisfied with the ex-
pression of a languid surprise. The bat-
tle of Manila had the effect of temporar-
ily arousing a wholesome enthusiasm,
while it inspired those supercilious Ori-
entals with the vague consciousness that
the United States can take care of her
citizens, if only her reputable voters
can be aroused from this guilty indiffer-
ence.
And now to come to the point. Be-
fore discussing the advantages offered to
a commercial city, as Portland, by the
change of conditions in the Orient, it is
absolutely necessary to describe the con-
dition of the American in that part of
the world. But when the question is nar-
rowed to a State of which such city is the
natural outlet, it is also pertinent to in-
quire into the conditions prevaling there.
Who will deny that the greater or less
degree of purity of the government ex-
erts a powerful influence upon the repu-
tation of any locality? To mention one
instance which will at the same time
illustrate the point: In one of the cities
of this coast (the name is not mentioned,
although no reference is made to Port-
THE UPHEAVAL IN ASIA AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE TO PORTLAND'S COMMERCE. 45
land), the harbor commissioners as well
as the employes of the port are selected
NOT. for their ability or integrity, but to
reward them for political services, often
involving very questionable practices.
The effect of such a condition must be
apparent to the most superficial observ-
er. To such causes as this it must be as-
cribed that the city referred to has lost
its commercial supremacy. If such con-
ditions prevail in Portland, all the writ-
ings on earth cannot help the city to
gain the commercial recognition to
which her geographical situation entitles
her. But assuming that Portland's re-
putable classes do not permit such dis-
grace, it is in order to point out why the
metropolis of Oregon should be the en-
trepot of the trade with the Orient.
Seattle, Tacoma, Portland, San Fran-
cisco and San Diego offer almost the
same inducement to the ship-owner in
search of a reasonable income on his in-
vestment, so far as harbor facilities are
concerned. The few hundred miles of
greater or less distance to the first port
of the Orient, Yokohama, cuts little fig-
ure in the calculations of a steamship
company/although, other conditions be-
ing equal, it may be considered. Of
greater importance by far is the certain-
ty of a cargo both ways. If the port de-
mands and consumes a sufficient quan-
tity of Oriental goods, a great induce-
ment is offered by that fact. But where
such is not the case, the means of secur-
ing cargoes and forwarding those carried
by their vessels, is of the utmost import-
ance, and this involves the railroad facil-
ities offered by such port. The next
consideration is port charges. Where
these are moderate and regular, and
where no attempt at extortion is made,
the transportation company has certain
bases upon which to calculate, and if
such advantages are offered, the owners
of steamships will not be slow to avail
themselves of the means to secure a
regular return upon the capital invested.
The difference in distance between Se-
attle, Tacoma or Portland on this side,
and Yokohama on the other, is so very
slight that no steamship company would
take it into consideration. San Fran-
cisco and San Diego suffer in this regard
when compared with the three northern
cities. But the great consideration is
that of cargoes. There is no city on this,
coast able to consume the cargoes arriv-
ing from the Orient, a fact which brings
the question of railroad facilities into
prominence. San Francisco and San
Diego suffer again in this respect, since
these cities are at the mercy of a railroad
without competition. The choice, there-
fore, remains of Seattle, Tacoma and
Portland.
As to Seattle, the opinion prevails in
the Orient that with some wind or winds,
the harbor is not altogether safe. The
state of Washington, moreover, offers
scarcely anything to be exported to the
Far East, with the exception of wire
nails from the factory at Everett, and
perhaps a few other articles. The harbor
of Tacoma stands in better repute, but
what can that city offer for exportation?
The cargoes now leaving that port con-
sist of flour, mostly furnished by a Port-
land firm, or raw cotton subject to the
long haul from San Antonio, Texas.
There is no lack of cargo, but scarcely
any of it comes from Tacoma, for lum-
ber, its leading cargo, is dispatched by
.sailing vessel. The state of Oregon,
however, is known for the variety of its
productions. The Portland Flouring
Mills have demonstrated the fine quality
of its wheat, and the company is now
reaping the reward of its enterprise.
This is only one article in demand in the
Far East. From Vladivostock in the
north to Batavia in the south, there is
a demand for deciduous fruit, and a prac-
tically unlimited market awaits the en-
terprising merchant or manufacturer
who will spend some time and trouble
in inquiring carefully into what is want-
ed. Both the Chinese and the Japanese
can be educated to enjoy canned or
dried fruit, an assertion amply substan-
tiated by the Chinese Fruit Packing Co.,
of San Francisco, of which John China-
man is the only customer.
Portland, therefore, offers the induce-
ment of an outward-bound cargo con-
sisting of home products. While it is
unable, as a distributing center, to dis-
pose of the cargoes brought from the
Orient, it shares this disqualification
equally with its competitors on the Pa-
cific Coast. It may be remarked, how-
46
THE TACIFIC MONTHLY.
ever, that if reports as to the wealth of
this city be true, those who are in posses-
sion of large means must plead guilty to
the charge of both lack of local pride and
want of enterprise. Or why is it that
New York and Chicago, both at a dis-
tance, are still distributing centers of tea
and silk, distinct productions of our near
neighbors across the Pacific? This coast
is the natural entrepot for those staples,
and pluck and perseverance would make
it so, in which case steamship companies
would not need an invitation to make
this port their terminus.
But even as it is now, Portland offers
inducements on account of its advant-
ages in transcontinental transportation.
If there be no local pride and enterprise
to prevent the simple transit of goods
which should be distributed from this
port, there is at least competition which
lessens the burden of the steamship own-
ers. It needs but little consideration,
therefore, that Portland has claims
which no ocean carrier will lightly pass
over.
The next subject of importance are
the charges to which vessels entering
this port may be subjected. This is a
more serious question than appears on
the surface. There is not a resident of
Portland who would not profit directly,
if this city were made the terminus of
several steamship companies. The im-
mediate result would be felt in the stim-
ulus given to local industries, and it
would not be long before Eastern capi-
talists would find it to their interest to
manufacture right here for the Oriental
market. Excessive charges, however,
produce the immediate result of deterring
shipowners from sending their vessels,
since the weight of these charges are left
at once. It would be a very good thing
if both city and state could free them-
selves from the incubus of those who
dishonor the word "Politician," but if
this can not be done, the port and its
trade should at least be delivered from
them, even were it necessary to demon-
strate forcibly that legitimate business
has claims which the lawless element is
forced to respect.
The productions of a state like Ore-
gon, are exactly what are needed in the
Orient today. It is true that before
many days have passed a farce will be
played at the capital of Holland, with
Russia in the leading role of the so-call-
ed Peace Congress. Only fancy! Rus-
sia, under contract with China to avenge
Li Hung Chang's disastrous tampering
with Japan upon the victors of the en-
suing trouble, pleads for general disarm-
ament! And while she is gulling the
statesmen of the Occident, continues
ceaselessly to grab land in Manchuria,
and to fortify her shamelessly-acquired
Anglo-Saxon, with his tradition and
territory! Important as it is that the
spirit of liberty and progress, should
stand shoulder to shoulder, and drop
childish resentment of a struggle man-
fully fought out long ago, the Pacific
Coast must of necessity leave the direc-
tion of such matters to the responsible
authorities, and may profit considerably
by this laudable disarmament which con-
sists of pouring soldiers by the thous-
ands into Siberia and Manchuria. These
armies need something more substan-
tial than delusive schemes to thrive up-
on. Russia is purchasing large quanti-
ties of flour, beef and other necessaries
of life. Chicago, Kansas City, Omaha
and other manufacturing centers profit
by these constant and growing demands.
Where does Portland come in?
Again, the lesson received from Japan
five years ago had the effect of teaching
the greatest pachyderm of the human
family, the Chinese Mandarin, that he
must either practice or discard the doc-
trine of Kong Fu-tsze and Meng-tsze,
and in either case adopt the innovations
of us "Bearded Devils," or Othello's oc-
cupation is gone. His skull is too thick
to submit gracefully to the inevitable —
but he submits. Railroads are built, fac-
tories are erected, and with the introduc-
tion of our commodities as manufactured
in the open or treaty ports of China,
comes largely increased demand for the
less coarse productions of our factories.
The producers of our Eastern states are
fully alive to the situation. It is they
who furnish the cargoes for the twenty-
four steamers, plying between this coast
and Hong Kong, with the notable excep-
tion of the cargoes of flour furnished by
the local company, whose pluck has been
commended before.
"IN THE THIRD GENERATION/'
47
Let Portland wake up, or decide to
submit to the loss of what she possesses
at present. There must be progress or
decay. Running water only is health-
giving; it contains the germs of mortal
disease, as soon as it becomes stagnant.
Manhood revolts at the thought of per-
mitting other people to do the work, and
being dragged along in their wake.
Business men of Portland! Your city
does possess natural advantages, will you
suffer them to lie idle, without even an
effort to render them productive? You
have men in your midst able and willing
to take the initiative ; it remains with you
to afford them the support they deserve.
In the Third Generation."
A Romance of the West.
<By CHARLES WILLARD.
IT SO happened during the listless
days after my graduation, while I
was endeavoring to bring my cour-
age tq the point which would enable me
to face the hardships and uncertainties
attending the life of a country practition-
er of medicine, that a letter came to me
from my nearest relative, a maternal un-
cle, whom I had never seen and knew
only as a wealthy landowner and bach-
elor of eccentric character.
The letter contained explicit traveling
directions, and a cordial invitation from
my uncle to spend the summer with him,
coupled with the assurance that if favor-
ably impressed with the opening, I might
feel at liberty to hang my shingle upon
his residence, and await the success
which was sure to reward the promise of
my college career, concerning which he
had gratifying information. There was
indeed so little to detain me, that saying
good-bye to a few friends, drawing my
slender balance from my guardian and
packing my valise, prepared me thai,
same evening for my journey to the
West. A few days of pleasant travel
brought me to my uncle's house, a sub-
stantial dwelling in a beautiful location
called Rock Creek Heights.
I was enthusiastically received by my
Uncle Malcom, a benevolent-looking old
man of shy and retiring manners; and
not less so by his ward, a young woman
about my own age, — who oddly enough
had, a few months previously, completed
her education at an institution in the
very place where I had passed my years
at school. There was about her face a
familiar look though I could not remem-
ber meeting her; but she assured me that
she knew me by face and name, and had
met me several times at church and in
the village; and through a college com-
panion had heard of me quite fre-
quently. Here was a surprise indeed;
and the train of thought set in motion by
it involved my shy and white-haired rela-
tive, and ended by connecting him with
some otherwise unaccountable financial
turns by which my guardian had been
able to eke from my father's estate my
support at school, and a small balance
beside. If during these years of ignorance
I had been the subject of espionage, its
aim must have been kindly, while it was
so conducted as to leave my freedom
perfect.
My uncle I found to be exceedingly
pleasant and companionable, at home in
many departments of knowledge, where
I was compelled to plead my insuffici-
ency— a rare old man in fact, who seem-
ed fully determined to reap the reward
of his early industry and hardship in the
enjoyment of a quiet and cultivated
home life. He professed to be a disciple
of the Swedish Seer, which, with other
eccentricities, served to isolate him quite
completely from his local social sur-
roundings. His ward, who bore the name
of Elmeda Fishing, I found to be more
of the world, — a keen, sprightly and cul-
tivated woman.
48
THE TACIFIC MONTHLY.
A more encouraging field on which to
begin the battle of life than Rock Creek
Heights and its surroundings I could
hardly imagine, — so without unnecessary
delay my gilt shingle announced to the
people the presence of "Doctor Dydall,
General Practitioner." I soon had busi-
ness, and between malaria and various
phases of used-up humanity, I thought I
had some pretty tough cases; but before
many months I learned that, of them all,
my uncle's ward gave me the most trou-
ble.
About the time of this discovery I
asked my uncle concerning her history.
He replied evasively, saying that her his-
tory was not only of little consequence,
but also was in reality no one's business.
She had been his ward from infancy; he
vouched for her life to the present mo-
ment— what she was, any one in his
senses could see — pure — beautiful — wo-
manly; and the principal heir of a feeble
old man, who has more of this world's
goods than he is deserving of, or is using
to good advantage. With the only trace
of bitterness which he had yet displayed
he added:
"The present popular cast concern-
ing the laws of heredity, and the
transmission of vicious tendencies is a
libel upon the providence of God — the
insane ravings of materialists who think
they could have excelled infinite wisdom
if creation had been their appointed
work. Their whole system is the out-
growth of a one-sided, partial and su-
perficial view of human life and its sur-
roundings."
"The effect of their wretched fallacies
upon many sensitive minds is simply
ruinous. Leading traits of character are
slurred over, and idle gossip, magnify-
ing trivial defects, or giving ruin to a de-
praved imagination, may make of a de-
parted and therefore defenseless parent
or relative a luring demon to mock, and
deride all healthy and virtuous ambi-
tion."
"I tell you this, my boy, that every
child, born into this world, is born for
heaven, and a life of angel's purity.
'Their angels do always behold the
face of my father which is in heaven.'
To go back of an individual life for
traces of defilement is a malignity born
of devils, or of a scientific conceit which
ignores the spiritual element in human
nature."
But for the interruption of a neigh-
bor, what more I might have heard
I cannot say. However, our rector's
daughter, on acquaintance, proved far
more communicative concerning the one
who had now become the chief object of
interest to me. She ran on in garrulous
style, saying that Miss Fishing was a
motherless waif, whom my uncle had
picked up in one of his trips to New
York with cattle: he had expended a
small fortune on her education, — he
watched her with the greatest jealousy
on account of her probably vicious or-
igin,— and if the conservative influence
of the church had any hold upon her all
would undoubtedly continue to be well
with her; but she feared she was irrelig-
ious, for she had herself seen her smile
at the presentation of the doctrine of the
atonement by her worthy father. She was
also filled with pride from the fact that
she was to inherit the bulk of her uncle's
estate, while his only relative and natural
heir was to be cut off with a pittance.
For her part she could not help being
fearful of such pride when she consider-
ed the weight of hereditary guilt under
which one of her vicious origin must
rest. She shuddered for her when she
thought of the latent tendencies to vice
in her constitution, which a breath might
fan into a flame at any moment.
All this I felt to be not wholly disin-
terested; but it chimed in with my sus-
picions, and put me in a most uncomfort-
able state of mind.
Two opposing ideas were constantly
dancing in my brain — one, that I could
never enjoy the fragrance of the flower
which had its root in the slums of our
metropolis, — and the other, — that with-
out Elmeda Fishing, the waif, whose
parents' history was probably the vilest
record of crime, I should surely be the
most unhappy man alive.
About a year after my advent in the
West, being much worn with my hard
riding, I resolved upon a short vacation,
and returned to my old haunts.
There was one young woman among
my acquaintances who had figured in my
youthful dreams.
"IN THE THIRD GENERATION."
49
I was worn, wearied, and in a certain
way discouraged, but felt that I could
derive comfort from any ray of sunshine
that might fall across my path.
I was very well received in the house-
hold of my father's old friend. They were
all evidently rejoiced at my prosperity;
but the presence of the lady of my early
dreams was the special torture that broke
my endurance, and sent the wreck of my
philosophy careering on the winds of un-
bridled passion.
I cut my visit to a call; and six days
after my departure, I was again at Rock
Creek Heights.
My sudden return T excused by the
fears I entertained for a couple of
chronic patients, whose demise was
probably farther off than that of the av-
erage Rock Creeker in robust health.
I was somewhat worse for wear but I
fancied that the vacillating expression
which my countenance had worn for
months, had been replaced by one of de-
termined resolution.
However that may be, this I know, —
the very evening of my arrival, without
figure of speech, or conscious misgiving,
I knelt at the feet of Elmeda Fishing
and told her honestly that my worldly
happiness depended upon my winning
her love.
It so happened when I sought my
uncle next morning in his library, and
formally asked him for the hand of his
ward, that I found him more communi-
cative than on the occasion previously
mentioned.
His consent was cordially given, and
he congratulated me upon my return
to confidence in human nature.
"It is due to the circumstances of
the case," he said, "that I should go
over with you a passage of my own his-
tory wherein I have erred fatally, and
grounded my hopes upon the very rock
which you have so happily cleared."
"My poor father," he continued, "only
lived a few years after he came to the
eWst. With the remnant of his fortune
he purchased this tract of land, and dy-
ing, left myself and your mother with
little beside bare acres, and a plentiful
lack of experience with which to face
the rough life before us.
"We had grown nearly to the estate
of man and womanhood before we were
able to do more than procure for our-
selves the necessaries of life, but a good
sale of the cattle, which had been in-
creasing on our hands -for years, put us
into the possession of funds sufficient in
amount to cause us to think of doing
something for our personal culture.
"We had grown up in ignorance, but
possessed instincts which caused us to
think of, and seek for something higher.
"We resolved to procure home in-
struction; and fortunately secured the
services of a beautiful and accomplished
woman.
"Miss Martha Elmeda was the daugh-
ter of Colonel Elmeda, our member in
congress from this district for many
terms.
"Elmeda died, leaving his daughter
nothing beside an excellent education.
The history of the family, like that of
many in our Western country in the
early days, was one of extreme hard-
ship.
"Elmeda was an aspiring and bustling
politician, and was little at home. Dur-
ing the year before the birth of his
daughter, while he was sheriff of our
county, an outlaw was captured and con-
fined in our primitive jail. He was a
young man of much dash and personal
beauty, and of reputed prowess with wo-
men.
"Elmeda's wife was a woman of frail
physique but of great courage. During
the summer when Elmeda hoped to ob-
tain his first nomination for congress, he
was absent much from home, attending
to his political schemes, Mrny times his
wife was left in charge of a jail, full of
desperate criminals; at one of these times
the outlaw escaped. Gossip coupled wo-
man's weakness and treachery with the
fact.
"In the heated campaign which fol-
lowed when decency was abandoned and
every personality dragged out to public
view, the matter was bruited from
mouth to mouth.
"One man who had the temerity to
give the slander form upon the stump,
was called out by Elmeda and shot — as
he richly deserved.
"What effect all this may have had up-
on the woman about to become a mother
50
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
I know not. She did not live; but left a
motherless daughter.
"Elmeda never re-established his
home, and saw but little of his daughter,
who was left to the care of relatives at
the East, and sent to school in due time.
"Elmeda died, leaving an estate so
fearfully encumbered that, but for" the
wisest management it would not have
sufficed to educate his daughter.
"The circumstances of the slander,
leading as they did to the fatal duel, were
of so public a nature, that their record
was ineffaceable. From time to time
scraps of the history of the affair, came
to the notice of the daugnter.
"Impelled by that strange craving,
which is sometimes manifest for the
knowledge which is most hurtful to us, —
I believe — that in this very house,
among my father's old files of papers,
Miss Elmeda finally traced out the com-
plete history of the whole proceeding.
"Old cronies gossiped about the re-
semblance between the beautiful woman
and the outlaw, whom, perhaps, they
knew only by the rude wood cuts of him
in the Eastern papers. These idle whims
reached the craving ear of their victims
as only such things can.
"Her father's seeming neglect was
was also a link in the chain of imaginary
evidence which served to fasten the
loathsome suspicion upon the mind of
the morbidly sensitive woman.
"No one could be more devoted to
duty; or farther removed from suspicion,
or taint, or blemish of any sort, than our
gentle-hearted teacher.
"In such time as we could spare from
our more active duties your mother and
myself gained under her instruction
such culture as in some small measure
atoned for early neglect.
"Miss Elmeda was my senior by a few
years, and in our first acquaintance
seemed so far removed from the uncouth
and ignorant rustic which I knew my-
self to be — that I never dreamed of being
anything more than a tax upon her pa-
tience, which only a strong sense of duty
would enable her to endure.
"But as years passed I came upon a
more equal footing with her, and some-
times longed for courage to tell her all
that was in my heart; but with infinite
tact, I felt that she held me at a distance.
"My life was rude indeed; but it was as
untarnished as the snow upon the moun-
tain top, — my every movement had
now been open to her gaze for years.
From the diffidence of youth, I began
now to manifest somewhat of that con-
fidence which characterizes early man-
hood.
"I never put the least faith in the ab-
surd story which I felt to some extent
clouded her young life. Yet at times
when I looked into her unfathomable
eyes, a lurking suspicion would hint that
m her composition might b^ blood which
could light those flashing orbs with fires
that devour, rather than warm the hearts
which their flames attack.
"About this time from the Post at the
head of the creek, there came to our
house two officers, Captain Fishing and
your father.
"It soon became evident that more
than our open-handed hospitality enticed
them frequently to the Heights. I felt
my inferiority to Captain Fishing most
painfully; my heart bled in making the
resolve, but I made it nevertheless, that
no word or act of mine should influence
the turn of affairs, whatever might re-
sult.
"The captain's affair, however, ap-
parently made no progress ; and in a few
months he was ordered East, leaving
your father in command of the Post.
"Winter was approaching, and also
the time when my sister was to change
her abode to the officer's quarters up the
creek. I felt that the time was at hand
when Miss Elmeda could no longer stay
beneath my roof. One evening I resolv-
ed to meet whatever fate might have in
store for me concerning the matter
which had now become the object of
prime interest with me. Lieutenant Dy-
dall and my sister were spending the
evening with the trader's family at the
Post. The field was clear; and I imme-
diately occupied it with a line of skirm-
ishing remarks. It soon became appar-
ent to Miss Elmeda that my attack could
not be turned aside, and she patiently
listened to what I had to say.
"I deprecated my ability to compli-
ment such a life as her own. It would be
an unsymetrical union at best; but such
"IN THE THIRD GENERATION"
51
manhood as I possessed, was, she well
knew, all I had to offer.
. "All that I was, more than the merest
boor among- the Creekers, was due to
her influence; under the same inspiration
I felt that my progress would continue,
and might finally, I hoped, place me
more nearly upon an equal footing with
those whose early culture had not, like
my own, been so sadly neglected.
"Her eyes filled with tears, and she
said:
" 'I have not sought or wished for this,
you well know, I have striven to keep
myself from this humiliation. I am not
worthy of you. You cannot understand
me; you are too free from taint or
smirch. I cannot, — will not, — marry any
man, and you, last of all men.'
"I was stunned. I did not gather fully,
or even measurably the intent of her
words. The 'you last of all men,' flash-
ed upon my consciousness like a thun-
der bolt from an unclouded sky.
"I said, 'You do not love me then, I
hardly dared to hope as much; but that
you should despise me; and see nothing
of manhood in me; this is disappointing.
I pray you, what is manly in your eyes?"
"She came behind me as I was sitting,
and looked down tenderly upon my up-
turned face and said, T love you; I never
had a brother, — I never saw my mother's
face, — I know little of a father's care and
love; but I fancy I love you better than
I could love a mother, a father or a
brother. I love you too well, but can-
not, will not, marry you^and again and
again she kissed me, and moistened my
cheek with falling tears.
"I was not a philosopher; I knew
nothing of the morbid action of an over-
sensitive mental organization. I was a
vain youth, the texture and fineness of
whose instincts she had over-estimated.
I was simply dazed. I said: 'I cannot
understand you.'
"She continued, 'Can you not still have
love for one who loves you but is un-
worthy of you?'
"A more unprovoked injury was never
inflicted. I can never account for the
momentary insanity which seized me. As
if devil-sent the whole beastly horde of
slander's vipers wriggled their slimy
tracft across my soul, — I saw the amor-
ous ruffian — the weak mother and the
still weaker daughter — self-degraded,
bending over me with unfathomable but
still beseeching gaze; unclasping her
hands I sprang to my feet, and glared
upon the cowering woman with a look
of loathing; concentrating all the venom
of my thought in one word — I hissed it
forth.
"If I had smitten her with my brawny
fist she would not have fallen more sud-
denly.
"Just then my sister entered. Still
blinded by passion, I took my last look
at the unconscious face of Martha Elme-
da. Her features wore an expression of
pleading, innocence which will remain
with me till my dying hour.
"I turned to my sister and bade her
care for her, saying, 'For aught I know I
have killed her, but my weapon was a
single word of truth,' and left my home.
"The occurrence was no bar to the
love between my sister and Miss Elmeda*
who could not be prevailed upon to give
any explanation of the fatal misunder-
standing; and in my obduracy I would
not relax the hatred I had conceived for
my unoffending victim. I would not be
approached on the subject of reconcilia-
tion : but absented myself from home un-
til your mother's marriage and removal
to the Post.
"Shortly afterward Lieutenant Dydall
and his company were ordered to aban-
don the Post. He removed to the East
with his family, accompanied by Miss
Elmeda.
"There was the greatest good feeling
all the while between myself and your
mother, but to all her proposed media-
tions between myself and our old in-
structress I was obdurate.
"So the years passed along — I know
not how it came to pass; but the con-
viction, that, in my moment of insane
fury, I had guessed the truth was under-
mined. It dawned upon me as gradually
but as clearly as day ; that I had smitten
as pure and gentle a soul as ever
breathed, with most cruel and unpro-
voked severity.
"At this time Fishing and his detach-
ment had been a year on the Pacific
Coast. With him went also your father,
his wife, and Miss Elmeda; communica-
52
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
tion with my sister was now uncertain
and infrequent.
"It seemed to me that no exertion was
too great if it would only bring me to
the feet of the woman I had wronged
and permit me to make such reparation
as I might at that late date, for my in-
jury.
"With a party of forty miners I cross-
ed the plains and visited your mother.
"From her I learned that Miss Elmeda
had confessed to her that she fully be-
lieved herself to be the offspring of her
mother's armour with the outlaw, — her
morbid consciousness of hereditary taint
was so degrading that she had determin-
ed never to marry. But under my sister's
healthful influence and the persistent at-
tacks of Captain Fishing, her resolution
had finally given way. She was then the
wife of Captain Fishing; they were at
that time supposed to be in Texas.
"My sister assured me that our old
teacher's respect for myself always seem-
ed to be great, but no word of her's had
ever given her a clew to the occurrences
of that memorable evening at home. But
my time for explanation had come, and'
I went oyer, with my sister, for the first
time, the history of my life's catastro-
phe.
"'Ah!' said my sister; 'no word was
ever yet more harshly spoken or carried
with it a deeper stroke, for, from that
fatal evening I believe her womanly
courage was hopelessly broken.'
"I made the overland journey to Tex-
as. In a rough crowd at an adobe tavern
in Santa Fee I met a man who seemed
from some remarks dropped in conversa-
tion to have been in my section of the
country. I soon found that my new
friend could tell me more of his ac-
quaintance at home than he wished to in
a mixed crowd. But he agreed to meet
me again and talk over old times.
"He proved to be the outlaw of the
scandal; he assured me before God, and
all that was sacred that Elmeda's wife
was as free from smirch as an angel
from heaven, and that he escaped by a
strategem of his own invention.
"Arriving in Texas I learned that
Fishing and a few of his men were sur-
prised, and killed by the Indians, and
that his wife had been sent to New
York, — thither I embarked; and at mili-
tary headquarters learned that Mrs.
Fisning did not survive the voyage; but
left a fine infant a few months old which
had been given to the charge of a char-
itable institution.
"Well nigh defeated in the object of
my tedious journey I returned with the
waif who became my ward.
"When the vicissitudes of life left you
alone, I determined if you proved worthy
of her, that I would give the only repre-
sentative of my blood a clear field and
fair opportunity to repair in his genera-
tion to some extent the unprovoked and
irreparable injury which I had inflicted
upon the mother in mine.
"Taking my arm the old man led me
into the garden and the presence of his.
ward — placing his hands upon our heads
with patriarchal dignity he uttered his
benediction — 'God bless you, my chil-
dren.' "
To Ethel.
Primroses fair sweet Ethel gave to me,
One summer day, as Spring was passing by,
Trailing her gauzy robes across the sky,
And showering gifts upon each leafing tree,
Which, gently waving, played a symphony
Like notes Aeolian dying into sigh,
Or sound of distant cascade floating nigh —
While vibrant air sang of the passing bee.
So sang my greatful heart as thou did'st
bring
Thy gift, fair Ethel, to thy aged friend;
For I was Winter, thou wert laughing Spring
That, to my coldness, genial warmth did'st
lend,
Alas! too soon thy flowers lay withering,
Alas! too soon must Youth and Beauty end.
/. W. Whaltey.
Poems of Oregon.
The Pacific Monthly will publish from month to month poetry that is distinctive of the Pacific Coast
and which time and criticism have given a recognized standing. The poems published this month are two'
that are unique in conception and of unusual interest.
MEMALUSE ISLAND.
'By SAM L. SIMPSON.
(The spot referred to in this poem is an island in the Columbia river above the Cas-
cades, where the Chinook Indians buried their dead.)
Where the King of Hesperian rivers,
Columbia, with glimmering sweep,
And a passionate bosom that quivers,
In a dream of the mystical deep —
Exults in his empire eternal
And the myriad rush of his power,
Is an island of sadness supernal
Where the horseman has made him a bower,
And the eagles, that wheel there so slowly,
Are so pallid and patient and holy —
Like the vestals that cherish its dower!
An Avilion as fair as that other
Where the lances of Camelot rest —
The King and each chivalrous brother
With the plumage of fame in his crest —
Is the isle of our bountiful river,
In its calm where commotion is rife,
Like a finger of warning forever
On the murmurous lips of life!
And the waters around it intoning
Go sadly, and banish their moaning
With a crystalline paean of strife.
And a magical scene for its story
Around you enchants an appals
With the barbarous gloom and the glory
Of the bold and embattled walls,
Where the host of the waters, advancing
Through the desolate eons of time,
Has resoundingly marched, with the glancing
Of innumerous arms sublime; —
Where a whimscal shadow has faltered
On its grandeur undimmed and unaltered —
And has passed like a hurrying mime!
And the firs, with their banners uplifted,
Are delayed like an army in prayer,
While the vapors of battle are drafted
In the gloom of their Gothic hair.
And a mountain in mail uprising,
The Attila of Oregon lands,
Seems to stand like a chieftain advising
Witn his fierce and untamable bands —
And to threaten the valleys, the queenly,
That repose by Willamette serenely,
With a gesture of valorous hands.
I
In the days that have faded to gloaming,
In the plaintive, traditional years,
'Twas the end of a marvelous roaming,
A retreat from avenging spears.
It was here, when the moon was at setting
And the shadows were solemn and strange,
And the peaks in their silvery fretting
Were the proudest of a ghostly range —
That the fleets came wierdly sailing
With the songs of the dirge and the wailing
Of the dark, immemorial change.
For the warrior, all crimson from battle,
And the maid with her lingering smile,
And the child that had worshiped the rattle
Of the arrows — were borne to the isle!
And they died in a faith as uncertain
As the flickering funeral glare
Of the torches that painted the curtain
Of the sorrowful midnight air — ;
But the sombre and sailing eagle
Was the guard of a slumber as regal
As the Parian marbles declare.
And the spring never comes with the daisies
In the flame of her bivouac,
But she lingers about it and raises
A memorial arch on her track.
And the beautiful mists that surround it
With a lustre of beaded brows
Are renewing the flowers that found it
With the dew of their nightly vows;
And so tenderly passes the river
With the braid of the sun on his quiver
That the slumberers never arouse.
The romance of the red man is ended,
And the shade of his primitive bark
With the mists of eternity blended,
Is a part of the dusk and the dark;
And the spray of the thundering steamer
Is the ghost of our loftier dream,
And the plume of its vapory streamer
But a shadow of things that seem;
For the highway of trade and of science
Is only a trail — a reliance
For the wants that confusedly teem.
And I hear, in the song of the river ,
As it washes the funeral isle,
The response of this song— which is ever
The prophetic refrain of the Nile;
"O the lands may be braided together,
And the Bast lend its rose to the West,
But the nations will pause ana ask whether
The rewards they have sought are the best,
54
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
For the sands of the desert blow over
And the perishing centuries hover
O'er the imperial Thebes with the rest
While the kingdoms have gone like the shad-
ows
That are thrown on the flowering grass
When the cloudlets wing over the meadows
With a tremulous kiss as they pass,
I have listened to love and to laughter,
And have mourned with the nations in tears,
But the heart has not changed, nor hereafter
Will it change in the cycles of years;
And the mansions of thought that are builded
What are they but a cloud that is gilded—
To the soul with its sorrows and fears!
And alas for thy daring, O mortal 1
Since the dead must go down to the dead.
If thy presence shall darken the portal
Where the lustres eternal shall sheu;
For thy path may ascend to the planets,
And away to the portals of light-
In disdain of the earth and the granites
Where thy fortunes are builded aright;
But thy science — all wingless and broken
Shall return, and with never a token
Of its long and delirious flight I"
THE LOVES OF THE MOUNTAINS.
<Sy eDe ETTA COGSWELL.
When this far west was in its youth.
Where ocean thundered on the steeps
Of new-made boundaries;
Rushed inland with the mighty force
Of all its moon-swayed tides;
Sounding reverberations deep
And loud from iron-bound cliffs;
St. Helen reared her fair young head
And looked to where two mountains stood
In undivided brotherhood,
The kings of that vast solitude
That stretched o'er all this new made land.
Low at their feet lay forests deep,
Interminable, forests long since dead
And buried beneath
Debris of countless ages.
And creatures stranger than
The eye of man has seen —
Huge Oreodons and Bramau^eres
Lumbered their unwieldly bulks along
The margin of lost seas,
And roamed the awful silences
Of these primeval woods.
******
Know ye these mountains now?
Lo! sundered far they stand,
Old Hood, all seamed and scarr'd —
Mount Adams like a God,
Sublime, majestic.
Cycles and eons have swept,
Thus savage legends run —
Vast changeful shadows o'er
Their hoary summits
Since wild western tides wash'd in
With sounding music; flung
Upward salt showers against
St. Helen's frozen breast;
Since mailed and helmeted
These kingly warriors held
In brotherhood the land.
******
Long, long, they gazed
In growing tenderness upon
Their queenly sister,
White-browed, serene, to westward,
'Till their deep hearts were stirr'd
And all their veins ran fire,
And jealous hate rose up
Enshrouding them
In black, sulphuric clouds;
And each environment of crag
And cliff and stately canyon wall
Convulsive shuddered;
All the wild western world
Thrilled with sympathetic fear.
The mighty peaks grown rivals
And enraged, hurl'd
Each to each defiance;
Rolled threat'ning peals of thunder;
Belched floods of flame
That in volcanic fury poured down
Swallowed up the forests at their feet.
Spreading desolation;
Burst forth with awful glare
That lit the vast upheaval
Of that mountain world;
Crashing into chaos
Witn a sound that made
Old ocean tremble in
His rocky bed.
Three thousand years they fought
As mortal man counts time,
Then
The rocky forces of the Andean chain
Which walls this mighty continent,
Tore these fierce foes apart
And gathering up the scattered waters
Sent a broad deep river,
Thundering down between.
*****
And then Mount Adams turned
And looked upon St. Helens;
There stole a flush
Of warmest sunset
O'er her virgin brow,
And all the rage died out
Of his great soul,
And calm content
Reigned there evermore.
Southward
Beyond Columbia's cleaving current
Mount Hood in sullen grandeur
Feeds the smouldering fires
Of his baffled hate-
Waiting.
Imperialism vs. Democracy.
An Address at Jefferson Birthday Dinner, Portland, Oregon, April 13, 1899.
<By C. E. S. WOOD.
MR. President and Fellow Demo-
crats :
I am glad I am here tonight.
I am glad we are once more a united
family, and I am grateful for that deli-
cate tact which refrained from putting
on the bill of fare either husks or veal.
We have differed in the past; we shall
differ in the future, but unless we can
allow to each other the privilege of in-
dependence we are not true democrats.
If we cannot sit at table with those who
do not think as we think, we are not true
gentlemen.
Speaking for the future as well as for
the past, I say let us remember kindly
our friends who with an honesty as great
as our own cannot view the political sit-
uation as we view it. I despise the man
who arrogates to himself all the honesty
and wisdom of the occasion.
I do not know who selected my sub-
ject, but the very title printed on this
card is both the text and the sermon —
"Imperialism vs. Democracy," Imperi-
alism, Emperor, Imperator, Command-
er, vs. Democracy — the people. Militar-
ism versus the people. This new path
that opens up before the Republic — this
"expansion ' as it is called may be ex-
amined in two lights — the selfish and the
moral.
Following what seems to be the fash-
ion of the administration I shall put the
selfish first.
Expediency.
Is it good and profitable for us to have
the Philippines? Place the Filipinos
wholly to one side, as our worthy Presi-
dent seems to have done, and let us look
at it wholly in our own selfish interests
as a free Republic of free voters and free
homemakers.
More than three thousand years ago
there was in Greece a democracy. I
know it did not have our matured sys-
tem, the divisions of governmental pow-
er— our so-called checks and balances.
But have our checks and balances pre-
served the senate in its integrity? Has
there not been a steady increase in ex-
ecutive influence? My dear sirs, liberty
was never preserved by any checks and
balances ever invented. The stock and
stamina and independence of the indi-
vidual are the guardians of liberty and
the price of liberty is eternal vigilance.
In the Grecian democracy every free
man was a voter. The bravery of the
Rough Riders was not greater than that
of those who stood at Thermopylae. The
world has not since seen sculptors equal
to Phidias or Praxiteles, nor heard sing-
ers more divine than Homer, sweeter
than Theocritus or more impassioned
than Sappho.
It is true Christ was not yet. It is true
something has been done in steam, elec-
tricity and science, but these are not the
bulwarks of liberty. Liberty and slavery
lie in human nature itself. Have we
among us a wiser than Socrates or
Plato or Aristotle?
Because we know more of microbes
and the asteroids, are we politically a
braver, shrewder or more liberty-jealous
people than the Greeks? Alexander
pushed his conquests in seven years to
the Punjaub and set up the emblems be-
tween Lahore and Delhi. The known
world was conquered and the brave wise
commonwealth that began with annex-
ation and colonization, and expansion
ended in conquest and imperialism and
today the archaeologist digs for the
remnants of that empire and the par-
thenon is in ruins upon the Acropolis.
Rome stood upon her seven hills and
looked upon the known world in vassal-
age at her feet. Every Roman citizen
was a king more regally and truly than
is the citizen of the United States today.
Citizenship was freely extended to trie
56
THE TACIFIC MONTHLY.
cities and provinces that were absorbed
by the great republic, and during its ear-
ly growth the republic was the home of
free men making their own laws and
electing their own executive. But Rome,
the great republic, Rome, the free com-
monwealth, Rome, the sovereignty of
the people, pushed her provinces to the
uttermost verge — from France and
Great Britain to Africa and India — she
too broke with her own weight and lies
buried in the dust. The provinces and
the frontier made the legions necessary.
The legions became the masters, and the
throne of Rome was sold to the highest
bidder.
It is said our age is different. The
spirit of our age makes long liberty pos-
sible. That seems to me the song of the
fool soothing himself with his folly. Has
the spirit of our age wiped out all self-
ishness from the human heart? Has it
destroyed ambition or lust of power or
love of wealth, of luxury? Has it truly
leveled all classes and changed the hu-
man heart? Has it abolished poverty
and dependence?
What are we with our little single cen-
tury that we should forget Rome's thir-
teen centuries of glory and decay! Is
Marcus Aurelius McKinley wiser than
Marcus Aurelius the good? or than Per-
tinax? Do we build better than Rome
did? or make finer roads or acqueducts?
The whole world today is governed t>y
the code of laws, wise and just, which
Rome gave to the world, and the harsh
law of the Anglo-Saxon has been con-
quered by the equitable principles of
Roman law. Every religion was freely
tolerated and protected by Rome. I say
this notwithstanding the later persecu-
tion of the Christians for political rea-
sons. Have we better men than Cicero,
Cato, Seneca? Have we braver regi-
ments than the Roman legions? Has
Christian toleration and love of our fel-
low man swept away all corruption, all
selfishness and tyranny, — Has it? I call
the miners of Pennsylvania and Illinois
to witness. I call to witness the Standard
Oil Company, the Pennsylvania rail-
road, the Sugar Trust, the legislatures
of Pennsylvania, Utah, Ohio, Washing-
ton, California, Oregon and the United
States senate, and lastly I call to witness
the "rebel" Filipinos. Where the rebel
Filipinos are today, under the armed
heel, your descendants may be an hund-
red years hence.
France, thirsty for expansion, pushed
her eagles to Moscow. France, with
her doctrine of equality and liberty and
the rights of man, France became im-
perial and expanded, and the Napoleonic
empire passed away and Europe fell
back into its just bounds as swollen
streams subside. Today France is a
republic, groaning under militarism, and
yet this is our own Christian era.
Where is the Spirit of the Age?
Germany is ruled by a despot, assert-
ing still the God-given right of kings —
the royal flesh superior in essence to the
peasant flesh — and Germany sends her
peasants to their work each with an
armed soldier on his back, or on her
back, for the women work to support
the army. The army loafs to support
the Crown, and the excuse for this is the
boundary line between France and Ger-
many. Into this question of boundaries,
of sovereign rights and duties, into all
this muddle of the "Family of Nations,"
we, poor fools, are rushing head-
long without sense to see that we have
grown and become great, not so much
from a special divinity in ourselves,
but we have lived in a land of boundless
resources and a land wholly cut off from
the wars and rumors of wars of Europe.
We have been left peacefully to grow
and wax fat on a continent of our own.
It seems to me that he is an enemy to
our peace and happiness that desires to
force upon us this festering sore, the
Philippines.
We have heard tonight from an elo-
quent and honored speaker that Jeffer-
son was the first great expansionist.
That is but little to me. Truth speaks
for itself, and error would not be less
error to me because Jefferson spoke it.
But we all know in our inner hearts that
warding off friction on our continent is
entirely different from going seven
thousand miles to sea to hunt up a fight.
Taking in territory that is actually con-
tiguous to us, thus preventing boundary
frictions hereafter, thus preparing suita-
ble homes on our own continent for our
growing people, absorbing a people of
IMPERIALISM VS. "DEM OCRACY.
57
our own blood, if not our own language,
is very different from stretching our
boundary uselessly seven thousand
miles to sea, to take in a tropical island
with an Asiatic population of mixed
blood, and a very bone of contention in
the "Family of Nations." Jefferson
made the Louisiana purchase. It was
wise then ; it is still wise ; but if Jefferson
stood here tonight, I must believe he
would raise his warning finger and
pointing to the hem of our Pacific
shores, he would say, "Halt!" The con-
juring of Jefferson as an expansionist,
viewed in the light of the two situations,
seems to me such nonsense that it will
impress those only who already are con-
vinced.
But Jefferson's name is used to father
everything. He is placarded as favor-
ing the unlimited power of the Supreme
Court of the United States, when it is
common history that he hated John
Marshall, Chief Justice, to his dying day,
for what Jefferson thought was his usur-
pation of power by the Court in veto-
ing the acts of Congress and interfering
in state affairs. He is called the cham-
pion of free silver at 16 to i, when it
ought to be common school knowledge
that he declared the ratio to be a com-
mercial problem altogether, and so actu-
ally treated it in his own practice.
The point is not 'what Jefferson said,
or Washington said; it is what is essent-
ially true in itself. And what is essent-
ially true is generally pretty well under-
stood in our hearts, even though we
selfishly argue ourselves away from it.
So we return to our question, Is expan-
sion good for us? It would seem as if
the course of . every nation heretofore
has been this expansion complication, a
necessary military establishment. Mili-
tarism— the masses held down by the
organized armed force — despotism, de-
cay.
Are we to be exempt? We are very
young yet. Six thousand years ago, if
the Pharaoh standing by the lisping
edge of the Nile, had tossed a handful of
sand into the air, it would have fallen to
the ground. Twenty thousand years
ago the waters of the Nile were flowing
from the mountain to the sea. The law
that brings the sand back to the ground
and the water of the mountains to the
sea is the same today, and if I tried to
prove to you that water always runs down
hill, you would say I was wasting time.
Yet when I suggest that this free, en-
lightened, wealthy, powerful young re-
public of ours, if it sows the same seeds
that Greece, Rome and Venice sowed,
will reap the same harvest; that the same
causes that turned Greece and Rome in-
to despotisms for the joy of a governing
class at the expense of the man of the
people, will produce the same effect in
the United States, I am met with deri-
sive laughter, and our friends of the
other side say, "Why this solemn mouth-
ing over a paltry army, of one hundred
thousand men and a few islands in mid-
ocean?" My God! do you not realize
that the easiest victim is he who is most
confident in his strength. There would
be no decay, no downfall, no despotism
if it came boldly, suddenly, and aroused
the hatred and the f ars of the people.
Bu it comes as the leaves are now com-
ing on the dogwoods and maples.
Xo one sees them grow, no one can
mark any change from day to day, and
yet in six weeks behold the bud has
changed to the full leaf. Or, rather, it
comes as a disease that creeps upon its
victim so gradually that by the time he
is aware that he is tainted, he is doomed.
I am used to being called a pessimist, a
screech-owl, a fool, a traitor, a copper-
head, and those other names bestowed
by our adversaries upon those who do
not think with them, but I believe abuse
,is not argument, nor epithets logic. _ I
believe a man can be as much a patriot
in uttering his honest belief that his
country is wrong, as he who persuades
her to become a harlot among nations.
I believe he is deserving of a statue
of bronze who will teach the people of
the United States they are but men;
that they are not a new Israel, the chos^
en of a God who will save them from
their own folly; that they must suffer
the consequences of their violations of
the laws of truth and morality just pre-
cisely as the pagan nations did.
Which do we regard as the greatest
patriots in England in 1776, Burke
and Chatham, who lashed England
for her persecution of her colonies, or
58
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
those Tories that applauded Lord North
and the Stamp Act? Who dares say
Edmund Burke was a copperhead and a
traitor?
What is this spirit of the age? This
destiny of the American people which
are to save us as Rome was not saved?
Has our Constitution ever been
proof against the demand of the prevail-
ing party for the moment? What of
the greenback legal tender decision?
What of the income tax decisions?
What of the Force Bill? Has the spirit
of the age prevented greed and oppres-
sion and wars in Russia, Turkey, France,
Germany, Greece, Finland? Has there,
or has there not, been any tendency in
this country to separate the classes from
the masses? Is the poor voter as free
and independent today as in the origin
of this government?
You will be told that there always will
be such howling pesimists as I, that
they croaked in Washington's time.
Well, I say, if they foresaw the differ-
ence between then and now, they had
cause to croak. It is useless to say this
country has not grown less free, more
under the boss rule as it has grown more
wealthy and more popular. It is true,
and we know it is true. Today instead of
being as it was then, purely a govern-
ment of the people, by the people, for
the people, it is a government of the peo-
ple by the politicians for the bosses.
I do not pretend that this is not today
a free country, a great country, a good
country to live in. I want to keep it so,
not for my time, but for all time, for
longer than the thirteen centuries of
Rome, and I say as I look in the rapid
changes since Jefferson's time, I am
afraid to give the bosses and their
hungry horde any foothold on Asiatic
Islands, with the coolie laborers. I am
afraid to give them any excuse for a
great army and navy. I remember the
great Roman Empire and its Senate
were dominated by only twenty thou-
sand armed men — the Praetorian Guards.
Organized armed force is a power irre-
sistible by the unorganized and unsup-
ported mob. I am afraid to give any
further excuse for taxation. I do not
want to see our men and women going
to work with soldiers on their backs. I
was in the army myself, and I tell you
the idea of discipline and loyalty to or-
ders is the one dominant idea. I claim
to be an educated man. I was born a
democrat, and yet when I was in the
army I would have executed any order
whatever; I might have questioned, but
I would not have disobeyed. That is a
spirit dangerous to the Republic. We
want as little of it as possible.
It is obedience, not love for the
job, that keeps our soldiers in the
Philippines. It is for the Nation
to do the thinking; the soldiers can
only obey. Eternal /igilance is the
price of liberty! I may be croaking far
ahead of the time, but better croak now
than when too late. The beginnings are
always trifles. This is as true in politics
as it is of the Columbia river. I may
be a g6ose, but Rome was saved by the
cackling of geese. •
I have no idea the offensive word
King will ever be heard in this land. I
have no idea our forms of government
and election will ever be changed, but
for centuries after it was the most abso-
lute of monarchies, Rome preserved all
the forms of the republic. It is always
so. The senate was so jealous of its form
that it remained the elective and legisla-
tive body in form long after it was in fact
the veriest machine for registering every
insane wish of the Emperor backed by his
Praetorians. Today in electing a senator
is a legislature the free representative of
a free people, or is it a mere creature to
do the will of the machine boss? The
only rebellion we ever witness is the
struggle between rival factions. The
people are unthought of and unheard.
We shall not be offended by crowns and
thrones, a royal family or an hereditary
presidency. It is not necessary. Mex-
ico is governed and they say well gov-
erned by a president elected regularly by
himself under cover of his army. The
forms are all gone through with, but
nevertheless they are mere forms and
Diaz is an absolute monarch.
The forms we now have, popular bal-
lot, congress and a president, will be
left to amuse us as children play with a
stuffed rag in the likeness of a doll. But
given Asiatic colonies to furnish coolie
worked plantations to our Quays and
IMPERIALISM VS. DEMOCRACY.
59
•our Crokers and their carpet-baggers,
to our Huntingtons and their syndicates;
given a large army and navy under the
orders of the executive; given the in-
creased patronage for colonial posses-
sions, and I, myself, as supreme boss,
would undertake less than a hundred
years hence not only to leave the
empty forms to the American peo-
ple, but to have them powerless
within my grasp till revolution
might set them free. Therefore, I
shall, while I live, still call aloud the
watch cry and kindle the alarm fires;
still beg my fellow citizens to believe
we are not the only republic that ever
existed, not the only nation of free men
that ever lived, not the only commun-
ity where the common man was the vot-
er and ostensible origin of power.
. I will tell them there are nations dead
and gone that had laws, commerce, lit-
erature, science, civil and religious lib-
erty as well as we ; that there have been
on the earth nations that were as proud
in their own conceit as we and with as
much reason; that these also talked of
destiny and thought themselves the
chosen instruments of God. And I shall
tell them that the historian shall here-
after write of us :
These people were a brave, intelligent,
prosperous race, with a land three thousand
miles from ocean to ocean, having every
climate and resource known to the temperate
zone. They were far removed from the
clash of arms and were outside of the whirl-
pool of the old world, yet at the very instant
their social and political conditions required
their closest attention to prevent the en-
croachment of wealth and concentrated pow-
er upon the liberties of the common man
they became mad and blind from greed
which, they persuaded themselves, was hon-
or, and led by the leaders they should have
most feared they plunged into the eddies of
European politics. They grasped at some
Asiatic Islands which became mere farms
worked by coolies for the wealthy classes
and political bosses. Above all, they violat-
ed their pure and fixed traditions and gave
an excuse to the clever politician for in-
creased armies and navies and greater taxa-
tion. They furnished a ready means by
which their attention could be distracted
from their discontent at home, and any ten-
dency to domestic revolt could be sup-
pressed, and the beginning of the end may ^e
dated from the conquest of the United States
by Spain in selling to the republic for twenty
millions of dollars the Philippine Islands
and the inhabitants thereof.
I say the historian who shall write this
will close his chapter with the words,
"Fools and Blind!"
So I am opposed to this imperialism
because I believe it is opposed to every
element of our natural life, and is but
the first step on the old, old race for
glory, gain and power— the path by
which a few have risen and by which
the people have gone down.
There is still another selfish argu-
ment. This country is a country of the
plain people, for the plain people. It is
the fashion nowadays in secret to sneer
at the ignorance of the common laborer,
though in the campaign the same man
who sneers in private will prate of the
wonderful intelligence of the plain
working man — just as some lawyers
fawn over a jury to their faces and then
damn them behind their backs. I myself
feel alarm as I see the increasing army
of sots and bums and benighted foreign-
ers^ who offer for sale in the cities that
priceless pearl of citizenship, a free-
man's vote. When I think of all the
blood and treasure and the agony of
noble souls that has been offered as the
price for this precious freedom, I would
be willing to have the sot that sells it
thrown into the sea.
But, gentleman, thank God! the great
man of the American people is not yet
so low or so enslaved — not yet is this
scum vote the balance of power. Still
on the farms and in the workshops are
men as jealous of their birthright and as
intelligent to use it in a moral question
as any in the land.
If I could believe that to the Ameri-
can working man the Philippines would
open up a new field, I might on the
question of selfish expediency believe we
ougnt to enlarge our domain. But to
my eyes it is clear that this expansion
folly will not give a brighter hope to
any man with a dinner bucket. More
than that, it will increase his present
burdens, and put a heavier shackle on
his heavy limbs.
Who are" the colonizing nations of
modern times? First and foremost Great
Britain; second, Holland. The mother
country sent her sons to America and
Australia and they have out of the wil-
dernesses in the temperate zones builded
60
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
themselves new nations. But in the
tropics, among- the coolie civilizations
of Asia, what has the white man done?
Show me in India, in China, in Java, in
the Straits, settlements anywhere one
village of white men, one factory or yard
or farm with white laborers! There is
not one. The white laborer cannot com-
pete with the native coolie, who lives on
nothing, works for nothing and is con-
tent to be an abject beast of burden.
In the dock yards in Hong Kong are
8,000 employes, all Chinamen or Asiat-
ics, save six overseers. The cooks, the
nurses, the housemaids, the horses, the
porters, the farm hands, in India, Java,
Hong Kong, everywhere in Asia are na-
tives. The whitemen are there to gov-
ern. That is all. They are of the civil
service or the military service. The
Philippines will open to a few political
pets a place for salaries. To a few mer-
chant princes a place to work coolies.
To a few army officers a new field, and
to a few saloonkeepers a new stand
among the vices of the tropics; but to
the self-respecting white laborer it offers
nothing — absolutely nothing to him or
to his children.
The Island of Java is worked by the
Dutch for the Dutch, but it does not
mean the Dutch people. There is not a
white laborer in the island. But there
are twenty-six governors of provinces
at ten thousand dollars a year, each.
Not only is there no place in all the
Indian possessions for a British work-
ingman, but he would be despised if
he did work. Labor and the sweat of the
brow in those lands is left with con-
tempt to the cringing coolies. If this
was a country organized for a privileged
class, if it was a country having a no-
bility and a governing order that were
recognized as having a superior right to
the riches and power of this world, we,
too, might annex some Asiatic coolie
farms ; but the very birth cry of this na-
tion in its infant agony was that it was
to be a nation of the people and for the
people.
A new territory, then, which does not
open up as much to the American labor-
er as it does to any one else is not a
territory for us to acquire benevolently
or violently, or at all.
The pretence of our doing right in
this conquest of ours is frankly aban-
doned by some who say "trade follows
the flag"— I deny it. If Oregon and
California were separate nations, would
it alter their trade with each other?
Would it alter their trade with Alaska
if Alaska was a colony of Oregon? Not
a particle, unless laws were made by
Oregon discriminating against Califor-
nia, for trade follows the price. The low-
est price to the buyer will get all the
trade if the door be open. Do we want
to perpetuate our beautiful protective
system, that takes from the pockets of
the people a bonus for the manufactur-
er? Do we want to extend to these is-
lands our Trust-creating folly?
This thing of "trade following the
flag" seems to me mere bald assertion.
In heaven's name what is there in the
flag that would induce Manila to pay us
more for cotton cloth or steel hatches
than Manchester can sell them for- Or,
if we can undersell Manchester, what is
there to prevent our controlling the
Manila trade?
For many of the following facts I am
indebted to a pamphlet by Mr. John J.
Valentine, entitled "Imperial Democ-
racy." I now quote some of his figures.
He shows by tables taken from the
Stateman's Year Book, that from 1893
to 1897 inclusive. Great Britain lost 200
millions export trade to her own colon-
ies. The United States gained 270, mil-
lions exports to foreign markets. The
same is true in less amounts with Ger-
many, Holland and France. He also
shows that M. Peletan, reporting to the
French Chamber, showed a cost to
France of her colonies of 90 millions of
dollars and a net loss of 60 millions.
But the army follows the flag. The
navy follows the flag. Taxation follows
the flag; and the speculator, the govern-
ment contractor, the bond-buyer, they
follow the flag. And in cost of govern-
ing we are doing well already.
It is estimated by those long resident
in the Philippines that to maintain order
there will cost us one hundred millions
a year. General Lawton's estimate i.s
ioo,oo°» men for the Philippines. The
annual cost of a soldier in this country
is $1,000 a year. To this must be added
IMPERIALISM VS. "DEMOCRACY.
61
cost of transports anu added expenses
incident to foreign service.
The above estimates include nothing
for civil government, the expenses of
which must come from the Filipinos
themselves. The best year of Philippine
trade shows a gross value of $30,000,-
000, of which $20,000,000 is exports
from the islands and $10,000,000 is im-
ports. The United States, of course, has
only a share of this $10,000,000. Be-
sides the international complications our
possession of the Philippines will lead
to, it is evident a vast burden will be
laid upon our own people or the Fili-
pinos for the benefit ot a few army con-
tractors, rope-makers and ship-owners.
How the great common mass of the
American people are to be benefited by
either the outgo or the income, is a mys-
tery to me, except that the surplus sons
of the poor can be drawn off into the
foreign army.
To pensioners last year we paid near-
ly $146,000,000. The cost of running
this free and economical government
wid, for 1899, probably exceed that of
any other nation in the world. We pity
Germany under ,her military burden
without realizing that we pay as pensions
more than it costs Germany to maintain
her army. The fact is this country is be-
ing eaten up by political locusts and the
Philippines will be the fattening field for
a favored few.
We all have friends out there. Read
their letters — what do even the young
and reckless soldiers say? They say the
climate is hell ; that no one can work but
Chinese and Japanese and Malays; that
the Chinese own most of the trade, shops
and farms; that but a small part of the
island is settled or civilized. I despise
an American who is afraid to die, but the
Philippines are not worth dying for, un-
less some great principle is at stake.
Morality.
Let us now turn to the moral side of
the question and see what great princi-
ple is at stake. I do not believe every
moral transgression brings immediate
punishment. He who lives by the
but his seed does. I do believe, how-
sword does not always die by the sword,
ever, take all the ages together, that a
breach of the true moral law works out
its own retribution as surely as does a
breach of the laws Oi health. Thomas
Jefferson, thinking of slavery, said: 'T
tremble for my country when I remem-
ber that God is just." How easy would
have been the abolition of slavery then.
But how pleasant and how safe it
seemed to let the stars and stripes cast
its flickering shadow on a slave. The
Declaration of Independence and slavery
could not stand together and the Declar-
ation of Independence was the moral
law, the truth eternal. It worked out its
own vengeance. Such a whirlwind of
gloom and desolation, such a deluge of
fraternal blood as left no doubt but that
every day of slavery had been adding its
own burden to the dreadful debt.
O! My brethren and my fellow citi-
zens, we are no monarchy of Europe,
we are no lingering despotism of the
world, we are ourselves, alone, peculiar.
We were not born to govern others
against their will. We were born to
carry freedom, not fetters. Our boast
has been, net that we can subdue the
feeble nations to an easy vassalage, but
that all men are created equal, and there
is no just law under heaven, save by con-
sent of the governed. I had rather this
young republic of the free never
stretched her borders one foot beyond
her sea girt shores and chosen bound-
aries, than that she became mistress of
tHe world by treason to her noble creed.
Better that she conquer her own spirit
than that she subdue to a sordid harvest
the distant savage praying for freedom.
Aye! I would rather see her wiped
off the face of the map and the Star
Spangled Banner folded away, so that
she went down battling to the last as at
the first for freedom, liberty, the right of
the people to choose their own govern-
ment. The argument that we mean well
is nothing; so did the Spanish inquisi-
tion. The Filipinos have a right to a
government of their own making,though
we could give them a better one. Little
by little the mask is being slipped aside
and the cry for expansion is sounding
more and more in one note. Business!
Commerce! Trade! We need the is-
lands! Our Asiatic prestige demands
them! It is the clattering bills of the
62
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
buzzards about the carcass. It is the
selfish growl of the grizzly ripping the
bowels from the huddled sheep. Are the
common people themselves so blind, so
deluded, or so half enslaved that they
will lend themselves to the work? I ask
not the greedy few, but the whole people,
shall we choose profit or honor?
It is said our obligations to others de-
mand it. I know of no obligation to
others one-half as sacred as our obliga-
tion to Washington and Jefferson — our
obligation to ourselves. I have been
told by naval officers that the original in-
tention was to have Dewey destroy the
Spanish fleet, as a war measure, and
then sail away, leaving the rest to the
insurgents. Suppose this had been done,
what would have been our obligation to
others? The Filipinos were in rebellion
and were our allies. Suppose we had
handed them the fruit of the common
victory, where would have been the
wrong? But abandoning these radical
views, what obligation of ours is it com-
pels us to deny to the Filipinos the hope
of eventually having a government of
their own? What obligation compels
us to declare and assume full sovreignity
over these islands? By what rule of
war or morals have we been compelled
against our will to assume sovereignty
over the Filipinos against their will?
Our former allies asked little enough
of this administration as it seemed to me
— only their self-government under an
American advisory protectorate, and I
have never yet seen the reason that com-
pelled us to deny it and assert full sov-
ereignty for all time over these islands.
But as I shall show, this is exactly what
the commission's proclamation does as-
sert, and the modest request for a pro-
tectorate only is precisely what that
proclamation denies, and though filled
with soft platitudes, it holds out no hope
that the request will ever be granted.
It was this determined attitude of the
administration that brought on the new
war with our former allies and drove
Agoncillo out of Washington. Whether
the expectations of the Filipinos were
justified by our own words and conduct,
I call a few of the facts to witness.
One year ago today the Cubans and
the Filipinos were alike in rebellion
against Spain. The existing insurrec-
tions were each of about three years
standing. The Spanish governor at
Manila reported the insurrection sup-
pressed, but it was not true. The Cub-
an': were near our shores, the Filipinos
seven thousand miles away. The Cuban
insurgents were a scattered army, carry-
ing on a guerilla warfare, without any
city of their own, nor any sea-port, with-
out an organized government and with-
out funds. By land or sea they gave
little real assistance to our arms. The
Filipinos had no organized government.
Aguinaldo had been bought off, it is
said. At least he had left the country.
They also lent but little effective aid to
us. So far as I can see, Cuba and Lu-
zon stand in the ?ame place precisely.
This jeing the condition of affairs, our
House of Representatives found its rf> so-
lution of intervention. At this time Jie
Philippines entered into no man's cal-
culations. Why? Will any one pre-
tend it was because we meant to give
those islands • different treatment from
Cuba? No! Everyone knows the Phil-
ippines were not mentioned simply be-
cause they were so farf away and so far
removed from the direct question. Cuba
— all eyes and thoughts were on Cuba.
Does anyone doubt what would have
been our answer at that time if anyone
had said, "How about the Philippines?"
No man in his heart doubts but that,
word for word, the Philippines would
have been inserted alongside of Cuba,
and every pledge we gave the world and
Cuba would have been repeated for the
Philippines. The whole trouble is that
the Filipinos, worse luck for them, were
so far beyond our horizon that no one
thought of them.
These resolutions said that the Presi-
dent was authorized to intervene to stop
the war in Cuba, "to the end and with
the purpose of securing permanent peace
and order there and establishing by the
free action of the people, a stable and
independent government of their own,
in the island of Cuba."
The minority report was: "Resolved,
That the United States Government
hereby recognizes the independence of
Cuba." This resolution recited that the
people of Cuba have been struggling for
IMPERIALISM VS. "DEMOCRACY.
63
freedom for three years (so with the Fil-
ipinos), that "their fortitude is unex-
celled," that ''their aspirations for liberty
are noble imitations of our own exam-
ple." (How about the Filipinos?)
I ask these gentlemen who are so free
with the word "Copperhead," if the
struggle for liberty by yellow ragged
mongrels is noble in Cuba, what makes
it ignoble in yellow, naked mongrels in
Luzon? If the ragged, yellow Cubans
were patriots imitating our own exam-
ple, why is it the yellow Filipinos are
"rebel niggers?" The skin is not the
same, the costume is not the same, the
time and place are not the same, but it
seems to me the principle is the same in
Luzon today, as in Philadelphia, July 4,
In the Senate, the majority report
directed the President to intervene to
end the war, and to direct Spain to with-
draw from the island. The minority re-
port was, as in the House, a recognition
of Cuban independence. Speaking to
the majority report, Senator Lodge said:
"What kind of government can alone
observe international obligations? Only
an independent government." The air
of both chambers vibrated to the cry of
"a holy war," "war for humanity," "a
war to' rescue the oppressed," "a war
with no thought of self or gain," etc., and
this same Senator Lodge said war could
never come in a holier cause. April 19
— a year ago next Tuesday, the House
and Senate passed this joint resolution:
Joint resolution for the recognition of the
independence of the people of Cuba, demand-
ing that the government of Spain relinquish
its authority and government in the island
of Cuba, and to withdraw its land and nav-
al forces from Cuba and Cuban waters, and
directing the President of the United States
to use the land and naval forces of the Unit-
ed States to carry this resolution into ef-
fect.
Whereas, The abhorrent conditions which
have existed for more than three years in
the island of Cuba, so near our own borders,
have shocked the moral sense of the people
of the United States, have been a disgrace
to Christian civilization, culminating, as
they have, in the destruction of a United
States battle-ship and 266 of its officers
and crew, while on a friendly visit in the
harbor of Havana, cannot be longer endured,
as has been set forth by the President of the
United States in his message to congress of
April 11, 1898, upon which the action of con-
gress was invited; therefore, be it
Resolved, By the senate and house of rep-
resentatives of the United States of America,
in congress assembled:
First — That the people of the island of
Cuba, are, and of right ought to be, free
and independent.
Second — That it is the duty of the United
States to demand, and the government of
the United States does hereby demand, that
the government of Spain at once relinquish
its authority and government in the island
of Cuba, and withdraw its land and naval
forces from Cuba and Cuban waters.
Third— That the President of the United
States be, and is hereby directed and empow-
ered to use the entire land and naval forces
of the United States, and to call into the act-
ual service of the United States the militia
of the several states to such extent as may
be necessary to carry these resolutions into
effect.
Fourth — That the United States hereby
disclaims any disposition to exercise sov-
reignty, juprisdiction or control over said
island, except for the pacification tnereof;
and asserts its determination, when that is
accomplished, to leave the government and
control of the island to its people.
In the light of all the circumstances,
I ask you, my friends, I ask this honest
nation, if the Filipinos reading these
speeches and this resolution would not
have been justified in hugging them-
selves with joy in the belief that what
was said of the Cubans was meant also
for the Filipinos.
If there was no reason to exercise sov-
ereignty over Cuba, whose shores were
in sight of our shores, would not the Fil-
ipinos believe there was even less reason
for any claim of sovereignty over an is-
land seven thousand miles away. If it
was a war of humanity to end Spanish
oppression and misrule, and to establish
a free and independent government in
Cuba, what law of humanity is it that
turns the same war into one of conquest
and enforced government in Luzon?
Had the Filipinos been but a hundred
miles from our shores what would they
have thought of our words? What
would they have had a right to think of
our words? Would it have occured to
them that this unselfish war for human-
ity, was founded in hair splitting?
Would they not have had a right to say,
"True, the resolution says only Cuba, but
the splendid spirit of that unselfish and
Christian resolution floats out to' us.
Cannot every word that is said of Cuba,
64
THE 'PACIFIC mONTHLY.
be said equally of us?" But if some
common Shylock had said, "Only Cuba
is nominated in the bond," would not
the Filipinos have been justified in say-
ing, "Out upon thee, thou buyer of hu-
man flesh! Our name is omitted only
because we were not thought of. We are
within the spirit of the law."
And now, to our very shame, this ar-
gument rises from the administration
leaders, from this same Senator Lodge,
"Luzon was nominated in the bond."
And with the snivel of the pettifogger,
we swear our justice to Cuba with our
lies to Luzon. Let me repeat again, till
they echo outside of this room, the
words that began this war. "This is a
war for humanity. This is not a war for
conquest or selfish gain." This is our
pledge to Cuba, and through Cuba, to
Christendom. How many miles, then,
of ocean does it take to drown the honor
of the young republic? I hope to God
the plain common people, the soul of
this nation, will take from the wily poli-
ticians the jewel they have tarnished. I
hope and pray to God that not all the
fathoms of blue water on the globe will
wash out the solemn vow of the Ameri-
can people. And I hope to God that in-
famy will be the lot of those entrusted
with the faith of the nation who have
broken that faith and juggled with the
letter of its promise.
April the 20th, the President signed
this joint resolution. It was conveyed
to Spain as an ultimatum, and on April
25th, war was declared. President Mc
Kinley, in both his messages, had said
(1897-1898): "Sure *of the right. Keep-
ing free from all offense ourselves, act-
uated by upright and patriotic consider-
ations, moved neither by passions nor
selfishness," etc., etc. But the smoke of
Dewey's guns had scarcely blown out of
Manila Bay, when Senator Lodge and
the President's other advisers made haste
to say (May 6th), that the Philippines
must be held permanently, "because the
United States had long desired to in-
crease her Oriental prestige." Thus the
platitudes of our worthy President,
"sure of the right," "moved not by self-
ishness," became less enduring than the
smoke of the guns.
In both of his messages, the President
said: "I speak not of forcible annex-
ation, for that cannot be thought of;
that by our code of morality would be
criminal aggression." Criminal aggres-
sion! Those are the words for Cuba,
but in the travel over seven thousand
miles of sea to Luzon, they change to
the canting whine of "benevolent as-
similation." Criminal aggression un-
der our code of morality becomes under
the lights and through the wine of the
Home Market Club, benevolent assimi-
lation.
When Major McKinley is answering
to the conscience of the American people
he says to annex the people against their
will, even though they be at our doors,
would be criminal aggression, but when
he is answering to the wealth and greed
and desires of the Home Market Club,
he finds the same forcible annexation of
a. far, distant people, is "benevolent as-
similation."
I respect the office of the President of
the United States. It shall have my
loyalty and my support. I have tried to
consider the trials and responsibilities of
that office, but it seems to me courag-
eous manliness should be as easy to a
President as to a citizen, and no man, as
a man, can have my personal respect,
who gives over his army to politics, sur-
renders his self declared code of national
morality to selfish interest, and has no
higher aspiration or truer guide than the
next national convention. As he was
silver, so he became gold. As he is now
a benevolent assimilator by criminal ag-
gression, or a criminal aggressor by
benevolent assimilation, so he will, if the
signs of the times demand it, abandon
his present attitude and explain with fat,
smelling platitudes, the ditches filled
with dead Filipinos and the American
hearths desolate in a war against weak
and confiding allies.
May 9th, 1898, Dewey suggests a plan
of a provisional government. May 14th
he reports a strict blockade and says the
rebels are hemming Manila by land. In
view of our present condition, I ought
to say "rebels" meant then rebels against
Spain. Alexandrino, one of Aguinaldo's
lieutenants, had come over on Dewey's
ship. Aguinaldo was in Hong Kong,
arranging for funds and for a native gov-
IMPERIALSM VS. DEMOCRACY.
65
ernment under an American protector-
ate. All that they ever asked was their
own government under an American
protectorate. It was all Agoncillo
asked at Washington. They only asked
what we are giving Cuba. I ought to
say my facts are largely from newspaper
clippings, but I have not seen them con-
tradicted.
Dewey announced also that the in-
surgent policy was an independent gov-
ernment, under an American protector-
ate. The insurgents loaded a ship with
arms and ammunition, and safely landed
the cargo, May 4. It was reported Ag-
uinaldo had arrived and would co-oper-
ate with Dewey. It is claimed by some
that the insurgents gave Dewey valuable
information concerning the harbor;
that they hemmed in Manila from the
rear and rendered much service. I care
not whether they did or did not. I can
only see that they, like the Cubans, were
insurgents. They, like the Cubans,were
our allies. They, like the Cubans, de-
sired an independent government under
American protection and advice. They,
unlike the Cubans, were bought from the
very government they helped subdue,
and instead of even a government under
an American protectorate, they get piti-
less death. Benevolent assimilation!
Aye, in truth, this is benevolent assimi-
lation, for dead in trenches the Filipino
knows neither war, nor oppression, and
his heart ceases to long for the right to
live in his own poor way.
Our President points to the flag that
was borne to the relief of these strug-
gling Filipinos, and asks who would take
it down. Let me answer; if I found I
had another's goods, I would not be
ashamed to restore them. If I had lied
to a man, I would be ashamed to own it,
but I would be a better man if I did so,
and I say to the administration, you
have placed the first great blot on the
Stars and Stripes with your duplicity,
your timidity, your thirst for power and
gain, and I for one, will never forgive
you — never! never! never! Better haul
down the flag ourselves in honor than
keep it there in deliberate dishonor.
I cannot respect a man whose code of
morality makes forcible annexation in
Cuba benevolent assimilation in Luzon.
I cannot respect a logic which admits
the yellow mongrels of Cuba to be fitted
for independence under an American
protectorate, and denies the same thing
to the yellow mongrels of Luzon. The
ambassadors they have sent, their con-
duct in the warfare now going on, the
men who compose their juntas and so-
called Congress show them in better
light than the Cubans. I have been told
by officers of Dewey's fleet and others
that the leaders are men educated in
Paris and London; that nearly all the
common people read and write; that
pianos and pictures are common in even
humble houses; that a ball given by
the insurgents was made up of ladies and
gentlemen of education and refinement,
dressed in full Parisian style. It is piti-
ful to me to read of the poor peasant,
coming with his bow and arrows, his
blow-gun, his spear, his knife, or some
old weapon to fight the desperate fight
against the new conqueror
It is more pitiful to me to read now
and again of the death of some
splendid young son of the nation
in such a war. We were solemn-
ly pledged in this war to gain no
new territory, to annex forcibly no peo-
ple, to conquer only in honor. That
pledge was as true, aye, truer in Luzon
than in Cuba, and I cannot forgive the
administration that out of the contest for
honor, has brought us only dishonor.
When we paid the twenty millions and
claimed the purchase of a people against
their will, we did a dishonorable act. I
shall not palter with the human spiders
who spin the web of constitutional and
international law. I care not if Spain
had or had not the goods to deliver.
This is a question of flesh and blood, not
cobwebs, and though we might pay the
twenty millions as an end to peace, every
honest man will rub his palm with dis-
gust at the thought that our dirty dollars
bought a people and gave us a right to
war against them.
I say we cannot in honor give the Fili-
pinos a lighter yoke for a heavier, a bet-
ter master for a worse against their will.
I say if it was a war for our allies in
Cuba, it was a war for our allies in the
Philippines. We are committed to es-
tablish an independent government in
66
THE 'PACIFIC MONTHLY.
Cuba and retire. What do we offer the
Filipinos? Read the proclamation.
Through all the smooth phrases and
McKinley platitudes is the clear state-
ment that the United States asserts and
will maintain sovereignty. Not till the
purchase of this sovereignty, not till the
determination to hold the islands for our-
selves was declared, did the prayers to
us for decency and mercy cease, and our
late honorable allies become rebels and
"niggers." The proclamation says
among other things, "The aim and ob-
ject of the American government, apart
from the fulfillment of the solemn oblig-
ations it has assumed toward the family
of nations in the acceptance of sovereign-
ty over the Philippines, etc. * * *"
They (the Filipinos) are patriots and
want liberty, it is said. The Commis-
sion emphatically asserts that the United
States is not only willing, but anxious to
establish in the Philippine Islands an en-
lightened system of government, under
which the Philippine people can enjoy
the largest measure of home rule, "con-
sonant with the supreme end of the gov-
ernment, etc. * * *" "There can be
no real conflict between the American
sovereignty and the rights and liberties
of the Philippine people, for as the Unit-
ed States stand ready to furnish armies
and navies, and the infinite resources of
a great and powerful nation to maintain
and support its rightful supremacy over
the Philippine Islands, etc."
It is pretty clear our yellow allies in
the Pacific are getting different measure
from our yellow allies in the Atlantic,
and that "conquest," "selfishness," "forc-
ible annexation," "criminal aggression,"
"national code of morality," all depend
on geographical location.
What they may really hope for is as
vague as a plank in a McKinley plat-
form. This American sovereignty is to
guarantee the Filipinos, "their rightful
freedom, protect them in their just privi-
leges and immunities, accustom them to
free self-government in ever increasing
measure (sounds like a diet regulation),
encourage them in those democratic as-
pirations, sentiments and ideals which
are the promise of potency and fruitful
of'national development."
I can imagine the Filipino small farm-
er gathering his half-naked family about
him in the evening and reading to them
this precious promise of McKinley pot-
ency. The English language is richer for
that proclamation, and it is a 'wonder* to
me Mr. Dooley has not discussed it. The
English language is richer for it, and
American national honor is damned.
Hut before the mysterious obligations
to the family of nations have to be met,
before the armies and navies of a nation
of infinite resources that has a labor
strike every month and a higher average
of crime than any civilized nation on
earth, are called out, the American peo-
ple will have to be reckoned with. The
armies and navies and infinite resources
of the limited states are not yet wholly
at the beck and call of Mr. McKinley,
Messrs. Hanna, Alger, Brother Abner
and the Home Market Club.
Gentlemen, nearly a quarter of a cent-
ury ago, he whose birth we commemor-
ate, wrote: "We hold these truths to be
self-evident, that all men are created
equal. That they are endowed by their
Creator with certain unalienable rights,
that among these are life, liberty, ana the
pursuit of happiness. That to secure
these rights governments are instituted
among men, deriving their just powers
from the consent of the governed." This
was our baptisml gift. This the very
core and essence of our beginning. On-
ly one element in all our young life gave
these words the lie, and that blot was
wiped clean with the blood of sacrifice,
and those letters have stood forth from
that day as letters of gold upon a shield
of silver. Are those words true, or are
they not true?? Is it time, or is it not
time, gentlemen, that men have a right
to life, liberty and happiness; to pursue
their own life in their own way, and to
have some voice in the law to which they
yield obedience? Is it true, or is it not
true? If it be true, then the savage has
an unalienable right to live in a palm-
thatched hut and eat raw fish if he finds
there greater happiness, rather than be
well housed and fed in the rice fields of
the tax gatherer.
If it be true at all it is as true for the
poor Filipino in 1899 as it was for the
enlightened American in 1776. His soil
is his soil, and we cannot by force of con-
RESURRECTION.
67
quest or barter of gold enslave a nation,
unless we have put behind us once and
forever the Declaration of Independence.
It was not a declaration for ourselves
alone. ft was a mighty trumpet from
the vast heights of freedom, proclaiming
to the poor and oppressed of all the
earth, "Throw off your chains, ye wretch-
ed ones ; ye have the God-given right to
rule yourselves." It was not the voice of
Jefferson or the fathers. It was the
voice of the God in man, and though we
strangle liberty in her chosen temple,
she will not die, nor that voice be silent.
More than a century before Jefferson,
Oliver Cromwell wrote on the statute
book of Parliament: "All just powers
under God are derived from the people."
Cromwell's ashes were scattered to the
winds and the harlots of Charles' Court
danced over his silent grave. But they
have passed and still lives this truth —
all just powers under God come from
the people.
We may forget honor in trade; we
may indeed be tools in the hands of the
covetous; we may sing soothing songs
to ourselves that we are buying a people
for their own good, enslaving a people
for their own benefit, but the old, old lie
will not live, and though our great cities
become as the desert places of the earth
and in the harbors of New York and San
Francisco there shall be nowhere seen
the stars and stripes; though we have
passed away and sleep with Babylon and
Rome, still will live the truth, and the
historian will write upon our ruins, "They
are dead because in the drunkeness of
their power they belied themselves and
denied that governments derive their
just powers from the consent of the gov-
erened."
Oh, gentlemen, I am so far human
that I cannot desert my flag and my
countrymen. I cannot take from my
heart the sympathies I have for men of
my own blood and the glorious banner I
have served. But were I a Filipino and
thought upon my long struggle against
the Spaniard, the dawn of hope in my
breast as I watched coming from the
East across the sea, the strong, Young
Giant of the West, the bitterness to find
he came with hammer and sword, not to
strike off my shackles, but to rivet them
faster, I would in my despair put my
young ones and their mother in the cane,
and I would fight, fight, fight till the sun
was blotted from my eyes.
Resurrection.
3>ioll T Ma l-r, +V>o +
ERRATA.
Page .37, "man" in line 12, second column, should read "mass."
Page 58, "popular" in line 30, first column, should read "powerful."
Page 58, "in" in line 41, first column, should read "at."
Page 58, "the" in line 45, first column, should be omitted.
Page 59, "man" in line 33, second column, should read "mass."
Page <>1, the second and third lines from the bottom of the page, first column, should be
transposed, making the sentence to read, "He who lives by the sword does not al-
ways die by the sword, but his breed does," etc.
Page (>2, "found" in line 21, second column, should read "passed."
Page (i4, "common" in line 2, first column, should read "cunning."
Page 04, "not" should be inserted before "nominated," in line 12, first column, and in line
14, "swear" should read "smear."
Page (ifi, "limited states" in line 18, second column, should read "United States."
Speak in death's ear no other word;
But gently take
My lifeless head upon your breast
(The only place it e'er found rest);
Kiss me with all your old, sweet zest,
And I'll awake.
cAdonen.
66
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
Cuba and retire. What do we offer the
Filipinos? Read the proclamation.
Through all the smooth phrases and
McKinley platitudes is the clear state-
ment that the United States asserts and
will maintain sovereignty. Not till the
purchase of this sovereignty, not till the
determination to hold the islands for our-
selves was declared, did the prayers to
Us for decency and mercy cease, and our
late honorable 'allies become rebels and
"niggers." The proclamation says
among other things, "The aim and ob-
ject of the American government, apart
from the fulfillment of the solemn oblig-
ations it has assumed toward the family
of nations in the acceptance of sovereign-
ty over the Philippines, etc. * * *"
They (the Filipinos) are patriots and
want liberty, it is said. The Commis-
sion emphatically asserts that the United
States is not only willing, but anxious to
establish' in the Philippine Islands an en-
lightened system of government, under
which the Philippine people can enjoy
the largest measure of home rule, "con-
sonant with the supreme end of the gov-
ernment, etc. * * *" "There can be
no real conflict between the American
sovereignty and the rights and liberties
of the Philippine people, for as the Unit-
ed ctntoc ctand ready to furnish armies
anc
a g
an(
the
er gathering his half-naked family about
him in the evening and reading to them
this precious promise of McKinley pot-
ency. The English language is richer for
that proclamation, and it is a wonder1 to
me Mr. Dooley has not discussed it. The
English language is richer for it, and
American national honor is damned.
But before the mysterious obligations
to the family of nations have to be met,
before the armies and navies of a nation
of infinite resources that has a labor
strike every month and a higher average
of crime than any civilized nation on
earth, are called out, the American peo-
ple will have to be reckoned with. The
armies and navies and infinite resources
of the limited states are not yet wholly
at the beck and call of Mr. McKinley,
Messrs. Hanna, Alger, Brother Abner
and the Home Market Club.
Gentlemen, nearly a quarter of a cent-
ury ago, he whose birth we commemor-
ate, wrote: "We hold these truths to be
self-evident, that all men are created
equal. That they are endowed by their
Creator with certain unalienable rights,
that among these are life, liberty, ana the
pursuit of happiness. That to secure
these rights governments are instituted
among men, deriving their just powers
from the consent of the governed." This
— u""fi<:'Til p-ift. This the very
th(
frc
an
ibl
"n
or
V£
fo
freedom, protect them in their just privi-
leges and immunities, accustom them to
free self-government in ever increasing
measure (sounds like a diet regulation),
encourage them in those democratic as-
pirations, sentiments and ideals which
are the promise of potency and fruitful
of national development."
I can imagine the Filipino small farm-
thatched hut and eat raw fish it he nnut
there greater happiness, rather than be
well housed and fed in the rice fields of
the tax gatherer.
If it be true at all it is as true for the
poor Filipino in 1899 as it was for the
enlightened American in 1776. His soil
is his soil, and we cannot by force of con-
RESURRECTION.
67
quest or barter of gold enslave a nation,
unless we have put behind us once and
forever the Declaration of Independence.
It was not a declaration for ourselves
alone. It was a mighty trumpet from
the vast heights of freedom, proclaiming
to the poor and oppressed of all the
earth, "Throw off your chains, ye wretch-
ed ones; ye have the God-given right to
rule yourselves." It was not the voice of
Jefferson or the fathers. It was the
voice of the God in man, and though we
strangle liberty in her chosen temple,
she will not die, nor that voice be silent.
More than a century before Jefferson,
Oliver Cromwell wrote on the statute
book of Parliament: "All just powers
under God are derived from the people."
Cromwell's ashes were scattered to the
winds and the harlots of Charles' Court
danced over his silent grave. But they
have passed and still lives this truth —
all just powers under God come from
the people.
We may forget honor in trade; we
may indeed be tools in the hands of the
covetous; we may sing soothing songs
to ourselves that we are buying a people
for their own good, enslaving a people
for their own benefit, but the old, old lie
will not live, and though our great cities
become as the desert places of the earth
and in the harbors of New York and San
Francisco there shall be nowhere seen
the stars and stripes; though we have
passed away and sleep with Babylon and
Rome, still will live the truth, and the
historian will write upon our ruins, "They
are dead because in the drunkeness of
their power they belied themselves and
denied that governments derive their
just powers from the consent of the gov-
erened."
Oh, gentlemen, I am so far human
that I cannot desert my flag and my
countrymen. I cannot take from my
heart the sympathies I have for men of
my own blood and the glorious banner I
have served. But were I a Filipino and
thought upon my long struggle against
the Spaniard, the dawn of hope in my
breast as I watched coming from the
East across the sea, the strong, Young
Giant of the West, the bitterness to find
he came with hammer and sword, not to
strike off my shackles, but to rivet them
faster, I would in my despair put my
young ones and their mother in the cane,
and I would fight, fight, fight till the sun
was blotted from my eyes.
Resurrection.
When shall I lie in that still room,
Where fading roses yield perfume;
And tapers dimly light the gloom
As though in fear;
When friends come weeping through the
door
To kiss in anguish, o'er and o'er,
The pale lips that shall kiss no more
Forever here,
Will you, to whom I was unjust,
You, who from out my life I thrust,
Stand in that hour by my poor dust
And say, "Old friend,
If once in life you held me dear,
Tell me you feel this burning tear;
If your stilled heart knows I am here,
Some message send?"
Then, if my dead heart is unstirred
As though thy message was unheard,
Speak in death's ear no other word;
But gently take
My lifeless head upon your breast
(The only place it e'er found rest);
Kiss me with all your old, sweet zest,
And I'll awake.
cAdonen.
<By CHARLES <=B. ^EID.
WHILE on a visit to the Pacific
Coast some years ago, I made
that part of the trip from The
Dalles to Portland by river steamer for
the dual purpose of varying the mode of
travel and viewing the matchless scenery
of the Columbia river from the Cascades
to Cape Horn rock, for I had read
Joaquin Miller's lines:
"See once these stately scenes, then roam
no more;
No more remains on earth for cultured eyes."
Between these latter, named points is
a distance of about twenty miles, and
the scenery is perhaps the grandest in
the world. Great walls of rock rise from
either side of the river, sometimes to
over a thousand feet and form a natural
and insurmountable line fence between
the two states — Oregon and Washing-
ton.
Huge rocks tower like giant castles,
and waterfalls leap over cliffs a thou-
sand feet in height. Amid all these evi-
dences of tumult the Columbia flows
peacefully onward, and the traveler is
fiilled with all manner of conjectures and
theories as to how the mighty river
forced his passage to the sea.
Passing Cape Horn we seemed to
emerge suddenly from between the walls
of stone and a beautiful valley came in-
to view.
This is the beginning of the "Colum-
bia bottoms," famed for grass and dairy
farms, and is a beautiful spot. In a short
time a small town springs into view al-
most like a jack-in-the-box, and in an-
swer to my query the men on the boat
informed me the name was "Washou-
gal." Being struck with the peculiar
euphony of the name I fell into conver-
sation with a young man who came
aboard at the place and after a few pre-
liminary remarks I plied the question as
to the nomen of the town.
He replied: "It was named after a
river about a mile behind the town."
"And where," I asked, "did the river
get its name?"
"Well," he said, "it's rather a lengthy
story but if you are interested in that
sort of thing I will run it off for you.
"There was an old Indian woman
who died a few years ago, and I had the
story from her. She had lived in the
neighborhood nearly all her life and
must have been all of one hundred and
twenty years old at her death. She was
doubled half over and the wrinkled skin
hung from her face like rags. There was
little left of her but skin and bone, with
a decided preponderance of the former.
She was almost wholly blind, but her
memory seemed to serve her well. The
only way she reckoned time was by the
snows. She was said to be 120 "cooli-
lihees" old. In their tongue a snow or
"coolilihee" is a year and as some of the
winters in Washington pass without
snow, it is likely she was even older than
reported."
"But to my tale. This old woman was
the daughter of a noted chief whose
fame was blown over the country be-
WASHOUGAL-cAN INDIAN %OMANCE.
69
cause of his being the father of his
daughter. The chief was named "Piah-
Look" and gained great popularity on
account of his daughter whose beauty
was known throughout the bounds of
the present state. Chiefs from all over
the country came to ask for the hand of
the daughter of the great chief, but hav-
ing her interests at heart he always con-
sulted her wishes in the matter as he was
an advocate of leaving all affairs of the
heart to be adjusted by the real parties
in interest; and she having a lover
among her father's braves, decidedly re-
jected alien suitors."
''One dusky young chief from the
North, named 'Wild-Cat,' with a roman-
tic strain of blood in his veins, called his
trusted band of warriors to his 'tepee'
and delivered his oration, substantially
thus:
" 'My dear people, you now behold
your chief. He is young, restless and
strong, swift as the deer and as the pan-
ther brave, but my dear people to stoop
to use the words of a pale-face, 'Beauty
draws us with a single hair.' Yes, my
braves, your chief is in love, madly in
love. Tomorrow he will start for the
'Great River' to court the daughter of
Chief Piah-Look. If she refuses my
hand, then I will steal her; no blood
shall be shed, and now I ask you, my
brave warriors, will you follow me?
Those who will do so, please signify by
saying 'aye' in a clear tone of voice, and
each I shall endow with twenty of my
best 'cuitans.' "
"With a hundred throated 'aye' they
registered their approval, and at once
set up a supplementary yell of 'Hiugh
michlight nesika tillicum,' which being
translated, means 'Long live our em-
peror.'
"Then at once began the preparations
for the journey of two hundred miles,
for as near as I can reckon Chief Wild-
Cat came from the neighborhood of the
present town of Seattle and was proba-
bly the predecessor of the chief by that
name, whose memory the Seattleites re-
vere even to his ugly daughter, Princess
Angeline, who is regarded by authorities
on the subjects, as the homliest piece of
royal humanity that ever lived. Never-
theless her photos are sold in Seattle for
half a dollar a piece and are bought up
eagerly by the inhabitants of that city.
"Reverting to my subject, Wild-Cat,
in the course of human events, appeared
before Chief Piah-Look, and diplomat-
ically stated the object of his visit, but
sharing the fate of other suitors was sub-
jected to the lady's own choice, which
was adverse to the love-sick .chief's
hopes and almost stunned him. Gather-
ing his scattered senses, he took
himself from the sad scene, respect-
fully declining the host's pressing invi-
tation for 'muck-a-muck,' and with all
the dramatic signs of a broken heart, but
with an inward intent to shortly return
and win his bride by forcible entry and
detainer, he slowly stalked away, biting
his fingers as he went.
"The camp was almost deserted when
he returned with twenty of his braves,
and surprising the chief's daughter, bore
her away in triumph.
"Before old Piah-Look could gather
his men for pursuit, the kidnappers had
a considerable start and were soon
across the 'Hiac Chuck,' the present
Washougal river.
"To prevent pursuit Wild-Cat fired
the woods behind him and it being in the
, twv"-"?\a\^-U^V___
fall of the year the flames quickly
spread in every direction, and would
soon have rendered capture impossible.
The flames were tearing up the moun-
tain side like a frightened wolf, rapidly
closing the only gap there seemed in the
wall of fire. At this time Wild Cat and
his men were busily engaged in execut-
70
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
ing their well conceived plans, and their
attention being diverted for a time from
the captive, she obtained a start toward
liberty, and, when sighted, was speeding
toward the hopeful gap with all the agil-
ity of her race.
"There was but one chance of escape
and that to run the gauntlet of the swift-
ly approaching flames. It was a desper-
ate chance for in a few moments the
break would be closed and all hope
gone. Wild-Cat spied his captive bound-
ing toward the gap and mounted his
fleet 'cuitan,' and dashed off in pursuit.
Faster and faster she seemed to fly and
if he caught her he must increase his
speed. She was determined to escape or
perish in the flames. In vain the love-
sick chief tried to call her back, and the
next instant she sprang into the roaring
gap where the flames, leaping high in
the air, seemed to swallow her up in a
moment. The pursuing chief, believing
she had perished, drove his heels against
his horse's flanks and was gone to his
reward. Not so, however, with the girl,
for she emerged from the wall of flame
with her long hair all afire and stream-
ing behind. Her people, beholding her,
screamed at the top of their voices, 'Wa-
shou gal! Wa shou gal!' ('wings of the
wind'). She reached the crystal wa-
ters of the 'Hiac Chuck' and plunged
into their cooling depths, and in her
honor the river was thereafter so named,
and Washougal it is called today.
"Well," I inquired, "what became of
Wild-Cat and his men?"
"He was burned to a crisp in the-gar>
and the men were all over-taken by the
fire and perished miserably except one,
who managed to escape in the river and
afterward made up with old Piah-Look
and spent the rest of his life with him.
"The woods in this part of the country
were swept clean for fifty miles around
and deer, panther and all manner of wild
animals huddled around any watery
spot that afforded protection from the
fire, and strange to say the lion lay down
in the lamb's bosom, as it were, and the
timid deer neither feared nor evaded the
presence of the mountain lion.
"That their reckoning of time must be
about correct is evidenced by the fact
that all the trees that were burned down
by the 'great fire' are decayed and an-
other growth has sprung up large
enough for saw logs and are known by
lumbermen as 'second growth.' To at-
tain the size of some of these trees would
take at least one hundred years, so I
think the old crone's testimony is the
truth. She could speak no English, so I
learned the Chinook and a smattering of
the pure Indian, and was always greatly
interested in her tales of adventures and
the condition and history of the country
long before white settlement. She had
stories handed down from generation to
generation that must have originated
three hundred years ago."
Greek Lyric Art.
Wy H. % FAIRCLOUGH, Trofessor of Greek in LeUnd Stanford Junior University.
IN THE last four years there have
been some remarkable discoveries
in the field of Greek lyric poetry.
In 1893 the French archaeologists, exca-
vating on the site of ancient Delphi,
found several blocks of marble on which
were engraved not only the words, but
also, the music, according to the old
Greek notation, of some hymns to the
Delphian Apollo. One of these hymns
furnishes the most complete existing
specimen of ancient Greek music, and
consequently has attracted world-wide
interest. Again, three years later, in
1896, a papyrus roll was discovered in
Egypt, containing a collection of twen-
ty odes, nearly 1100 lines, by Bacchy-
lides, whom the Alexandrian critics
placed among the nine great lyric poets
of Greece. And again, only last summer,
the Egypt Exploration Fund brought to
our knowledge the contents of a mass
of recovered papyri, which included a
treasure no less remarkable and precious
than an ode of the Lesbian Sappho's.
These remarkable discoveries, togeth-
er with some, no less remarkable, in oth-
er spheres of literature, keep the Greek
student on the qui vive for the an
nouncement, not at all improbable, that
a complete Sappho, or Alcaeus or Arch-
ilochus, has at last come to the light of
our modern world. (
As it is, the lyric writers have met
misfortune at the hands of time. In the
case of many their works are completely
lost, and as' for most of the rest, mere
scraps of fragments of their songs are all
that we can pick up.
It may be asked why the great bulk
of Greek lyric verse has disappeared.
The main answer is to be found in the
essential character of that poetry. It was
song-poetry, or poetry composed for
singing, the soul of which vanished when
the music passed away. After the loss
of Greek independence, Greek music
rapidly degenerated. The music com-
posed by the poets of the classical period
was too noble' in its severe simplicity for
the Greeks of later days. The older
songs, therefore, were no longer sung,
and the poetry, minus its music, giving
way to shallow and sensational composi-
tions, passed into oblivion.
In one sense or another, singing was
characteristic of nearly all forms of
Greek poetry. Epic poetry, in the earli-
est times, was sung to the lyre; but this
singing was probably unlike the recita-
tions of the rhapsodists, for the verse of
Homer is unsuited for melodies, and
Greek writers uniformly distinguished
epic from lyric,— the former being nar-
rative poetry; the latter, song poetry.
Even elegiac and iambic poetry,
though originally lyrical, at an early
time lost their distinctly lyrical charac-
ter; and even if their recitation at a fun-
eral or in camp or round the banquet-
ing-board was accompanied by music,
yet they were no more regarded by the
Greeks as* lyrical than were the poems
of Homer.
Lyric poetry proper was first brought
to perfection by the Aeolians and Dor-
ians. The Aeolian lyric was cultivated
chiefly in the Aeolian island of Lesbos,
the Dorian in the Peloponnesus and Sic-
ily. The two schools differ materially in
every respect, in style, subject and form.
The Aeolic was intended to be sung
by a single voice, the singer accompany-
ing himself on a stringed instrument
with suitable gestures. It was essential-
ly personal, expressing the singer's own
emotion. In form, Aeolic lyrics are very
simple, consisting either of a series of
short lines of equal length, or of stanzas
in which a shorter line marks the sepa-
ration from one another. The four-lined
stanza is the commonest form.
On the other hand, Dorian lyric
poetry was sung by a number in chorus,
accompanied by dancing and musical in-
struments. For the most part it was of
public importance, and when it was per-
formed in private the occasion was one
72
THE 'PACIFIC MONTHLY.
of general interest. Hence choral' poetry
is found connected with the sacred and
festal gatherings of the people, or the
marriage and funerals of private life.
The structure of a choral poem is often
very elaborte, but the movements of the
dance, appealing to the eye, assisted the
ear in unwearing the intricacies of the
rhythm.
Greek dancing, let us remember, was
very different from the modern art.
Dancing to our mind simp'y implies
tripping it "on the light fantastic toe,"
and is merely an amusement. But in
Greece the term dancing applied to all
movements of the body, which were in-
tended to aid in the interpretation of
poetry or the expressiDn of emotion.
Thus gestures, postures and attitudes
were most important fo: ms of dancing,
and in dance-movements the hands and
arms played a much larger part than the
feet. Aristolle tells us that dancers imi-
tate actions, characters and passions by
means of gestures and rhythmical mo-
tion. Thus the spirit which animates
Greek mythology and Greek art — the
desire to give form and body to mental
conceptions — is characteristic of Greek
dancing.
As to Greek music, it too was very
different from ours, but in this sphere
the advantage certainly lies with the
modern art. And yet the music of the
Greeks, as illustrated by the few extant
remains especially by the hymn to Apol-
lo, recently found at Delphi, has its own
peculiar beauties, which can arouse the
sympathy and interest of a cultivated au-
dience even today.
In the best period of Greek poetry,
the only musical instruments employed
were practically the lyre, a string instru-
ment, and the flute, a wind instrument;
the former being much preferred be-
cause it allowed the same person to sing
and play. Other string instruments,
such as the cithara, phorminx and bar-
bitor, were mere variations of the lyre
and depended on the same principle. In-
struments with a large number of
strings were known, as the magadis and
trigon, but these, though commonly
used by professional musicians, were
unhesitatingly condemned by Plato and
Aristotle as pandering to perverted
tastes. In the time of Pythagoras the
lyre in common use had only seven
strings, giving the seven notes of the
scale. We all know of the comparison
which the philosopher made between
these seven notes and the heavenly
planets. The sun, corresponding to the
principal note, stands in the center of
the planetary system, with Mercury,
Venus and the moon on one side, and on
the other, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.
Hence the sublime conception of the
"music of the spheres," since the heav-
enly bodies, moving in their celestial
orbits, according to regular musical in-
tervals, produce harmonious music,
which, however, mortal ears are unable
to hear.
The Greek flute must not be con-
founded with the modern instrument of
that name, for it resembled rather the
clarionet or oboe. It was also stronger
and shriller than our flute.
The melodies of the Greeks were al-
ways sung in unison. Part-singing was
unknown to them, as were also our elab-
orate harmonies. But some harmony —
as opposed to melody — was certainly
used in their instrumental music. Greek
sculptures exhibit groups of players on
pipes of different length, which must
have produced different notes, when
played simultaneously. Plato too speaks
(it is true, with disdain) of certain ac-
companiments that were elaborate and
quite independent of the air. In the
music that has survived, only the melo-
dies are given. The accompaniment,
probably, was impromptu and perhaps
varied with each performance.
The question is naturally asked^Why
do Plato and Aristotle lay so much stress
upon the moral influence of music and
the need of legislation in regard to it?
The answer is that music, after all, was
in an elementary stage. In like manner
Chinese music has been under state su-
pervision and edicts have been issued in
China against effeminate airs. No art
takes such a direct hold upon the emo-
tions as music. You will see more emo-
tion in a concert-room than in an art
gallery, and this is especially true, when
the music is of the simpler, more tangi-
ble kind. Plato and Aristotle recognized
this and they desired, not to suppress
GREEK LYRIC <ART.
73
emotion, as some have urged, but to
foster only the highest, in harmony with
reason. No one was truly musical, ac-
cording to Plato, who was not virtuous,
temperate and brave. Today do we not
often overlook the ethical value of mu-
sic and excuse moral shortcomings in
a man on the ground that he is an artist
or a musician and therefore, to a cer-
tain extent, not responsible for his con-
duct?
In Greek lyric, then, the three sister
arts of poetry, music and dance formed
a unity, whereas with us they are quite
distinct. We may unite poetry and music
artificially, but in antiquity the great
poets were musicians as well and wrote
their own music, perhaps simultaneous-
ly with their poetry. As for the dance,
that too was an important element of
Greek lyric, though nowadays it is very
poor poetry indeed that we should care
to marry to the art of romping.
The greatest name in Aeolian lyric is
Sappho, "the violet - crowned, pure,
sweetly smiling Sappho" as Alcaeus, a
brother poet, calls her. In her we have
the very perfection of lyric art, and the
few surviving fragments of her songs
fully bear out the verdict of antiquity
that her verse was unrivalled in grace
and sweetness.
But Aeolic song, however beautiful,
was very short-lived. As the expression
of purely personal, individual emotion,
apart from the sentiments of one's as-
sociates and fellow-citizens, song did
not play that part in the Greek world
with which we are so familiar today. The
Greek could never forget that he was a
member of a community; and even in
the expression of his joys and sorrows
he would not stand aloof from his fellow-
men. Hence, in the best period of Greek
poetry, the song to be sung by a single
voice and setting forth the feelings of
the individual, was never wide-spread
and flourished in splendor for little more
than a single generation.
Not so with the poetry which voiced
the sentiments and emotional life of a
whole community. Lyric poetry of this
popular and general character is found
from early days in connection with the
festivals and institutions of the various
Greek states. More particularly did it
suit the genius of the Dorian tribes,
among whom civic and communal life
was more pronounced than elsewhere.
After undergoing a rich artistic develop-
ment, this Dorian lyric became penhel-
lenic in the range of its acceptance.
One of the many occasions when the
noblest sentiments of Greek civic life
found utterance in lyric song was the
celebration of victory in the national
games. In this matter-of-fact age, not-
withstanding our devotion to athletics
and manly sports, we find it difficult to
comprehend the lofty idealism with
which in days of old the contests at
Olympia and other noted centers were
invested. And yet unless we realize how
intense was the national and even spirit-
ual exaltation which characterized these
games, we shall never regard Pindar as
more than an idle babbler of meaning-
less words, whereas in reality he is one
of the most creative and loftly geniuses
of all literature.
Pindar's odes, though of many-sided
interest, must always appeal to the liter-
ary student most strongly because of
their wonderful artistic character. Com-
plex in structure, and elaborte in detail,
these odes display in their perfection of
form the greatest triumph which verbal
art has ever attained. When originally
performed, they were accompanied with
choral song, orchestra and dance, which
not only increased the gradeur of effect,
but served to interpret the meaning and
unfold the intricacies of rhythm. We
who have lost the music and dance must
study these productions merely as
poems, and yet, if we seek comparison
for them in modern art, we must almost
inevitably step outside of poetry and
draw upon music. Like an oratorio of
Handel's or a figure of Bach's, an ode
of Pindar's is full of multiplex harm-
onies. In the one case, we are captivat-
ed by the harmonies of music, in the
other, by the harmonious blending of
thought, rhythmical language and struc-
tural design.
It is necessary to realize and appreci-
ate the fact that a Greek ode was not
merely a poetical, but also a musical
composition, which was not only read
but sung, not only sting but danced.
Without the music and dance, it would
74 THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
have been difficult to follow the rhymical small number of irregular odes in Eng-
variations. Indeed these variations would lish literature which critics admit to be
not have existed, were it not for the really successful. Of odes of this class
music and dance which both inspired only two, Wordsworth's "Ode on Inti-
and elucidated them. It is then this mations of Immortalitv," Dryden's
union of the arts that accounts for the "Ode on St. Cecilia's Dav," are accept-
marvelous elaboration of form which the ed by Mr Theodore Watts as genuinely
greatest of Pindar s odes exhibit. successful. The English ode demands
Ihe attempts made in modern Eng- -^ v \ td- a u •« u u a
lish poetrv to imitate the Greek choral an EnShsh Pl"dar' who Wl11 be both a
ode can seldom be successful, for with- great poet and a great musician and
out at least the music an ode must al- who, llke the German Wagner, will once
ways have a more or less artificial air. more bring the arts of poetry and music
That this is realized is seen from the into close union.
The Pioneers.
First came the Voice to the Dreamer,
And the Dreamer harked to the Call;
The grain was sold in the grain field,
The cattle were sold in the stall;
The oxen yoked in the wagon —
The wagon held all they posessed —
Confident, cheerful, in child-faith,
The Pioneers marched to the West.
Some of them fell by the wayside,
Weary and worn with constant toil,
Their blanching bones a beacon sign —
For martyrs' blood make sacred soil —
And the rest pushed onward seeking
The valleys of the promised land,
Left their dead by mountain glen,
Or bleaching on the desert sand.
With swinging axe they woke the wood,
Their plowshares sank in virgin soil;
The forest depths they turned to bloom,
Not reaped due harvest of their toil.
And we the later children came,
Swift-borne upon the iron rail,
Nor saw the mound of whitened bones
That marked the early settlers' trail.
They welcomed all with hearty cheer,
Their smiling farms gave ample store.
We slept beneath their shingled roofs,
Nor knew the trials that they bore.
* * *
'Tis we who have followed after,
And they who have planted the Root;
For we shall water the Blossom,
And our children eat of the Fruit.
For they shall lead the way once more —
Once more across the Great Divide
Shall pitch their tents beside the shore,
And camp upon the other side.
Walter Cayley 'Belt.
The Voice of the Silence.
By one of Portland's leading citizens, a prominent member of society, <who for the present 'will
remain unnamed. The author, a close student of human nature, holds that character is
stronger than circumstances, and undertakes to illustrate his theory in a decidedly novel and
interesting manner. The hero and heroine, taken from real life, and undoubtedly <well
known to the majority of our Portland readers, are placed in a vurely fictitious environment,
ewhere they vroceed to <work out the 'writer's ideas. — Ed.
Chapter VII.
OVER a late breakfast next morning
Colonel Randolph leisurely re-
called the incidents of the preced-
ing evening. It was perfectly clear to
him that Miss Devore was developing
"nerves," the result, he did not doubt,
of too much dancing and flirting and
other senseless dissipations. How slight
she was, and delicate and flower-like!
not at all equal to the demands upon
her physical strength and vitality. In
spite of her brilliancy and beauty — be-
cause of them rather, — this girl impress-
ed him, now that he allowed himself to
think about her, as having been ordain-
ed by Nature for a far different life from
this which she was now leading. She
needed above all things, a strong arm
to lean upon, a loving tender heart to
guard her happiness. Who would have
guessed that she was so clinging and
timid and dependent as she showed her-
self last night? A sudden warmth went
over him like a wave of rose-colored
light when he remembered the soft
brush of her lips against his throat as
she lay for that one brief moment upon
his breast. He was distinctly glad that
he and no other had been at hand to
take care of her,dear child! He hoped
she was better this morning, he would
go at once to inquire, ordinary polite-
ness demanded that much of him. It
was possible that he had misjudged her
all this time, she really seemed capable
of deep feeling, and — but most likely,
after all, it was only nervousness, wo-
men were such hysterical creatures. He
wondered why Nature made them such
fools. But were men any wiser? Well
it was a problem, this little episode call-
ed human existence, and no man -was
wise who wasted time trying to solve it.
— Yes he would go to see her.
It was not Miss Devore that came to
him in the library into which he had
been shown by the solemn footman who
admitted him, but Mrs. Corey. And
Mrs. Corey's eyes were red with weep-
ing and her cheeks were pale with grief.
She gave him both her hands, not wait-
ing for him to speak.
"Colonel Randolph! How good of
you to come, Nanita has told me how
you brought my poor girl home last
night — I shall never forgive myself —
never, I should have known that she was
not well — but who could have forseen
this dreadful thing! Oh, I cannot bear
to think of it" —
"My dear Mrs. Corey, what has hap-
pened? Surely Miss Devore's illness is
not so serious" —
"Oh, have you not heard? Your sis-
ter was the first to come to us in our
76
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
trouble, and I naturally thought you
knew. She is with Elise now. The poor
child is sleeping, but under the influence
of a powerful opiate. Her suffering has
been something too awful to witness,
and she has been so brave, not a word,
hardly a moan — oh, it is so cruel!" Mrs.
Coiey sank into a chair and leaning her
tear-stained cheek against its leather-
cushioned back, gave way to her grief.
The Colonel stood regarding her
mutely for a moment, then he said:
"Will you tell me what has befallen Miss
Devore?" The effort to control the
fierce tumult of conflicting emotions
that suddenly shook his whole being,
mad3 his voice hard and cold.
Mrs. Corey sat up and dried her eyes.
"Oh, I had forgotten that you do not
know. I thought I told you — please for-
give me."
"My dear Mrs. Corey, anything — on-
ly tell me."
"It happened last night. Elise had re-
tired and Nanita, whose room is adjoin-
ing her's, was preparing tor bed. Her
little boy has not been well of late and
somehow in stooping over his crib with
the candle in her hand, she managed to
set fire to its flimsy curtains. In a mo-
ment everything was in a blaze.
Elise heard Nanita's cry of alarm and
ran to her assistance. Regardless of her
own safety she caught the child up out
of the blazing crib and extinguished the
flames, but not until her own tender
hands and sweet face were cruelly, per-
haps fatally, burned. Oh it is too horri-
ble! even if she live she will be shock-
ingly disfigured — all her beauty gone in
a moment — and then the agony of it!
She was so beautiful!"
"Yes, beyond all other women, and
yet" — he left the sentence unfinished.
Something stirred into life deep down
in his heart, a tiny, sharp pain that grew
swiftly and swept up till all his being,
mind, body and soul quivered with the
ecstacy of" it. Mrs. Corey's half-sup-
pressed sobs sounded far-off and faint.
The objects about him faded from his
sight and in their place he beheld that
delicate white-robed figure enveloped in
flame and the brown baby clasped in the
sheltering arms. His own hands felt the
heat of those lapping tongues of fire,
his own cheek was scorched by the
fierce kisses, but the agony of death at
the stake would be a joy if by that he
might save her, the girl who only last
night had lain against his breast!
Later he remembered the heroism of
her deed and was dumb before the spec-
tacle of her splendid courage. Could any
man be braver? The thought of her
poor scarred face and maimed hands —
the slender hands that had been so fear-
less and so reckless of their white love
liness — was more than he could bear and
strong man that he was he bowed his
head and wept. But this was afterwards
when he was alone in his own lonely
house, and when it was known with cer-
tainty that she would live. Just now he
did not, could not think.
"Dr. Fellows says there may be room
for hope — but oh the misery of it! — I
cannot pray for her life to be spared,
knowing the horror that must accom-
pany the granting of the prayer. And
Nanita, poor girl, is beside herself. It
was through her carelessness" —
Mrs. Corey's voice broke the spell
that bound him. "Is there nothing I can
do?" he said miserably.
No there was nothing, but it was kind
of him to offer, there was anyone could
do. And he went away leaving Mrs.
Corey with the impression that his sym-
pathy was merely perfunctory. "How
cold he is," she mused, "and how unlike
his sister!"
In the dim light of an upper chamber,
meanwhile Mrs. Banks-Berry, known to
the world as a frivolous devotee to fash-
ion, kept watch beside the white bed
upon which lay the motionless figure of
Elise. After hours of intense pain the
girl at last slept under the influence of
opiates, her face, but yesterday so lovely,
now a scorched and quivering horror
grotesquely masked in cotton wool, her
delicate hands, lying outside the cover,
bandaged to shapelessness, and crudest
of all they who loved her dared not pray
for her recovery.
Chapter VIII.
Society was shocked and duly sympa-
thetic when it was informed of the fate
that had overtaken its beautiful favorite.
There were, it is true, here and there
THE VOICE OF THE SILENCE.
77
those who were spiteful enough to hint
at retributive justice, and to insinuate
that the destruction of her beauty might
be the means of her soul's salvation, but
they were ill-natured and in the minor-
ity. On the whole, people were gen-
uinely sorry — for a little while. After
that they forgot all about it, and went on
about their own affairs, and when they
returned to town in the fall, gathering
again for the winter's round of pleasure
from the mountains, the seashore and
the four quarters of the globe, wherever
in fact fashion congregated, Elise
and her misfortune had ceased to
be a matter of interest. It was
generally known that she had gone away
somewhere as soon as she' was sufficient-
ly recovered to travel, but not even her
most intimate friends seemed to know
where she had hidden herself. To those
who had known her best it was perfectly
apparent that she would never return to
the scene of her former triumph to suffer
the humiliation of being pitied where she
had once commanded only admiration.
The Corey's were abroad, their hand-
some house on the upper avenue remain-
ing closed throughout the season. Mrs.
Banks-Berry, who exchanged fortnight-
ly letters with Mrs. Corey, gave it out
that they were spending the winter in the
south of France.
"And what has become of that invinci-
ble brother of yours? Mrs. Natron, pre-
tending to sip very strong Formosa from
a very fragile cup before the open fire
in Mrs. Banks-Berry's drawing room on
a sunny afternoon in mid-winter, put the
question deliberately.
"Oh, you mean Colonel Randolph? —
lemon, please, and two lumps of sugar
— yes, I know it's bad for my nerves, or
is it my complexion? I've had that in-
formation gratuitously bestowed upon
me so often that I have long since ceased
to appreciate it at its true value — but to
return to the Colonel, who. is infinitely
more interesting than tea, and nerves,
etc., does anybody know why he has de-
serted his former haunts and fled from
the face of man, or more pertinently
speaking, woman? Please, Mrs. Banks-
Berry, relieve our suspense by telling us
where he is, and why he is there, rather
than here."
"My dear Katharine, I wish I could."
Mrs. Banks-Berry opened the lid of the
teaball and gazed into it as if she
were a sybil who could read the fates
of men and maids in the disposition of
steeped tea leaves. She shut down the
lid, leaned back among the cushions
piled in a luxurious heap behind her on
the divan and sighed, repeating, "I wish
I could, but I cannot, because I do not
myself know. Jack is so changed."
She glanced about the diminished group.
It was getting late and all save Mrs. Na-
tron, Katherine and a couple of younger
girls had gone. The latter rose at her
glance.
"We really must — no, don't rise.
Good bye, good bye." And they floated
out of the room.
Mrs . Banks-Berry leaned back again;
this time her sigh was one of visible re-
lief. Her two companions drew instinc-
tively nearer. It is always a time for
unintentional confidences, this little
quarter of an hour after an informal af-
ternoon reception, like that mystic half-
hour before the bedroom fire, when one
is home from the ball or the
theatre and talking over the even-
ing with one's dear intimate. Why
is it that women lay aside the re-
serve that characterizes their inter-
course with each other with their day-
time garments, is one of the mysteries of
the sex which no man has yet been able
to comprehend.
"You were saying," suggested Mrs.
Natron.
"Oh yes, about Jack. Any of his old
friends who met my brother during the
past summer must have observed that he
was not himself, not as he used to be, at
least.'
"And what," asked Katherine, "is re-
sponsible for the alteration?"
"Rather," said Mrs. Natron, "ask who
is responsible."
But their hostess shook her head. "I
cannot enlighten you, for I do not know.
It is unaccountable."
"But," urged Katherine, "was there
no one to whom he — "
"No one. Jack has always been so
indifferent, you know."
There ensued a brief silence during
which Mrs. Natron deposited her cup
78
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
upon the tiny table at her elbow.
"It was last June that it began," con-
tinued Mrs. Banks-Berry. "You re-
member how anxious we all were about
that time over poor Elise Devore. I
simply lived at Corey's during the worst
of it. And when the danger point was
passed, and we knew the unfortunate girl
would live, though doomed to a fate
more cruel than death, I had the leisure
to look after my own again, and I at
once discovered that something had
gone amiss with my brother, but I have
never found out what it was."
"Debts," suggested Katherine who
suffered from the inconvenience of ex-
travagant tastes and an income insuffic-
ient to their gratification.
"No," replied Mrs. Banks-Berry, "I
happen to know that it is not money, or
the lack of it."
"Well," Katherine rose and shook out
her skirts, "if it's neither love nor lucre,
I give it up. And if I do not tear myself
away from your delightful fireside, and
far more delightful self, I shall miss a
very important dinner engagement. I've
only just time to rush home, dress, and
get to the other end of nowhere. Good
by." She turned to go, gave a scarcely
perceptible state of surprise and stepped
forward, holding out her hand.
"Colonel Randolph, have you just
dropped out of the moon, a la Cyrano?
But it's of no consequence, for it does
not in the least interfere with our joy at
your return."
"Oh, I assure you Cyrano's adventures
were nothing compared to mine," replied
Colonel Randolph, bending over her
hand. The two older women did not
betray by so much as a quiver of an eye-
lash the nature of the conversation
which his coming had interrupted. His
sister rose to welcome him.
"Dear Jack! I am so glad. Let me
give you a cup of tea. Of course you
will stav and dine, I am all alone to
night."
It was not until later in the evening
when, in fact, they were about to say
good night, that Colonel Randolph
spoke of the thing that brought him
home so unexpectedly.
"Kitty," he said in unwonted serious-
ness, "I want you to tell me, if you
know, and I am sure you do, where I
can find Elise Devore."
Mrs. Banks-Berry dropped her hands
and stared at her brother in unqualified
amazement for one instant, then she let
her eyes fall, too. So, it went through
her mind like an illuminating flash, this
was the secret, after all.
"Yes," she said slowly, "I know — in a
way, that is, but I am not at liberty, I
fear, to tell you, or anyone."
"Why not?"
"It is Miss Devore's wish to remain
undisturbed in her seclusion. Her ad-
dress was furnished me at her aunt's
urgent request and under promise of se-
crecy. No, Jack, I cannot tell you
where she is."
"Aery well, then I shall find out for
myself."
''Jack!"
"Yes. Kitty."
"Why did you go to Europe last sum-
mer?"
"To find Elise Devore."
"You thought she was with the Cor-
ey s?"
"Naturally."
"Jack, it is cruel, the girl's exile is
self-imposed, and — and you will not be
received."
The colonel made no reply, but he
held out his hand and she placed her
own soft, white fingers in it. She was
verv fond of her handsome brother, and
she had a warm heart, in spite of her
somewhat shallow nature.
"Jack, if I told you that Elise was in
the land of Nowhere, that would not be
betraying confidence, would it? Be-
cause, you know, the Land of Nowhere
is an extensive country and — I am not
going to tell you in just what part of it
you will find her."
Colonel Randolph's hand closed
warmly over the jeweled fingers in his
open palm, and he drew his sister to him
and kissed her cheek.
"No, Kitty, that is not telling. Thank
you. dear."
(To be continued.)
Wyeth's Expedition to Oregon.
1832-3.
A Chapter in the History of tne Occupation of Oregon.
Second Paper.
"By F. G. YOUNG, of the University of Oregon.
WHEN a nation's activities in any re-
gion of disputed ownership are
confined to irregular incursions
by fur-trading parties and to traffic car-
ried on with natives from the decks of
vessels brought into the inlets of the
coast, it is making little progress to-
wards empire. The matter stands even
worse as to promise of future sway in
that region for the nation thus repre-
sented if it has a determined rival with
established posts carrying on well or-
ganized, lucrative, and strongly support-
ed operations. Thus it was with us as a
nation in Oregon at the opening of the
fourth decade of this century. But at this
date these were not the only elements of
the Oregon situation in which we stood
at a disadvantage.
The Oregon country lay much more
accessible to British influence than to
ours. Judging merely from the map it
seemed almost equally contiguous to
British and to American possessions.
The forty-ninth parallel had been ex-
tended to the Rocky mountains in 1818
as the dividing line between the United
States and British America. The south-
ern limit of the Oregon country was 42
degrees, the northern 54 degrees and 40
minutes, hence it abutted on the United
States through the length of seven de-
grees and on English territory through
nearly six. But considered with refer-
ence to the actual conditions in this bor-
der country the advantage of the Eng-
lish is patent. The "Great American
Desert" was never represented as ex-
tending into the region lying between
Lake Superior and the Hudson Bay on
the one side and the Rocky mountains
on the other. It involved no disgrace to.
Astor that he failed to hold his fort after
having beaten the English companies
across the continent. These had reason
to be chagrined at being beaten in get-
ting to the lower Columbia. Their ad-
vantage, however, from the possession
of a long-established chain of posts ex-
tending almost across the continent gave
a strength to their position against which
no American trader could hope to hold
out. Since 1813 the English occupation
of the Oregon country had been exclu-
sive, and from 1821 on the realm had
been under the firm sway of the consoli-
dated Hudson's Bay Company.
The points of precedence in permanent
occupancy and of contiguity stood
strongly against us. And yet we did get
our natural share of this region and it
did not come to us through any stroke
of fortune but as the ripened fruit of
American enterprise, effort and sacrifice.
To identify the inspiration to this Amer-
ican activity is to understand the out-
come of American ownership of the Co-
lumbia basin — an outcome for which
there seemed so little promise in 1830.
An enterprise like the occupation of
Oregon was right in line with the course
of development of American character,
genius and experience. If only time
would be afforded for the American
spirit to become fully aroused and to
bring itself to bear upon the problem of
the occupation of Oregon, all would be
well. The course of events that brought
Oregon before the world had already
stirred the American heart. And further,
it showed that Ameican genius was in its
own field in the work of winning Ore-
gon. The exploit of Captain Gray, the
far-reaching plans of Jefferson, the
achievements of Lewis and Clark, the
enterprises of Astor, — all tended to
prove that American character was in its
proper sphere in taking the steps essen-
80
THE TACIFIC MONTHLY.
tial for getting control of the Oregon
country. The chain of right thus forged
reinforced by the Spanish chains, trans-
ferred to us in 1819, made our title to at
least the whole of the Columbia basin all
but complete. We lacked only the link
of occupation by home builders. Ay,
there was the rub. To fail in this would
be to fail in all. The other links to the
chain of our title that had been so glori-
ously welded would be useless and we
should be hampered in our destiny as a
nation for all time. Such considerations
kindled a few spirits to a flame and were
soon to warm hosts of pioneers.
A large element of the American pop-
ulation was experienced in the role of
pioneering, but it was not clear that it
was, humanly speaking, possible to
reach Oregon with a household. The
settlement of the Mississippi valley had
not involved the feat of scaling moun-
tains, or traversing deserts. The occa-
sion demanded some one to step forth to
trace a trail from the frontier in Mis-
soui to the valley of ' the Willamette.
This Nathaniel J. Wyeth did. It is prob-
able that the progress made by Hall J.
Kelley with his scheme of Oregon col-
onization first suggested to Wyeth the
project of an expedition to Oregon.
Kelley exercised no personal influence
over Wyeth. Apart from the idea of es-
tablishing a prosperous, permanent set-
tlemen in Oregon, Wyeth had no sym-
pathy with Kelley's plans. Wyeth pro-
posed to incorporate his company with
the Kelley colony solely for the strength
there is in union.
Kelley wished to transplant a Massa-
chusetts town to Oregon and make it
the nucleus of a new state. He hoped to
repeat with appropriate variations the
history of the Puritan colony of Massa-
chusetts bay. The New Englander of the
nineteenth century, however, was not so
ready to sacrifice himself for an idea as
had been his progenitor of the seven-
teenth. Unless Kelley could organize
conditions so that success seemed cer-
tain, he need not expect the enthusiasm
of his followers to bear them on. Such
conditions he could not organize. His
colony failed to muster.
The course of the evolution of Wyeth's
enterprise and of the dissolution of Kel-
ley's project stands out in the corre-
spondence preserved in Wyeth's letter-
book. On August 30, 183 1, Wyeth wrote
Kelley concerning applications made for
himself and his brother for "situations
in the first expedition to the Oregon
country."
On the fifth of the following October
Wyeth wrote another brother at Balti-
more: "All earthly things are uncertain
and none more so than those the accom-
plishment of which depends upon others,
and this is the case in regard to the ex-
pedition to Oregon. There is no other
doubt of my going except the failure of
the whole concern, but as this is possible
I do not wish you to take the trouble to
come here to utter your last speech and
dying confessions at present. The mo-
ment I find there is any certainty of their
going I will write you."
About two weeks later on the 17th of
the same month, Wyeth further indicates
his suspicions. After inquiring of an of-
ficial in Kelley's colony, "whether any
persons whom I may induce to join the
first expedition will be attached to my
company," he goes on to say: "An an-
swer to these particulars and also any
information which you may be disposed
to communicate in regard to the certain-
ty of an expedition at all, the numbers
which may be expected to go in the first
expedition, the route to be taken after
leaving St. Louis, the time when to be
commenced, etc., etc., and also when I
may call on you to confer upon these
subjects will be thankfully received." In
less than a month, on November ntn,
Wyeth again wrote his brother at Balti-
more, requesting the collection of defi-
nite and minute information pertaining
to the culture of tobacco with the inten-
tion of applying the knowedge gained
when Oregon was reached. He adds:
"As time passes on the project of emi-
gration assumes form and shape, and a
nearer approach to certainty. I think
there is little doubt of my going, for I
find that I can get good men who will
follow me on a trading project, on the
basis of division of profits, and this thing
I will do (if I can) if the emigration fails.
His plan matures rapidly. On December
4th he wrote: "The plan now proposed
by me is to have nothing to do with the
WYETH'S EXPEDITION TO OREGON.
81
Oregon Society, but to form a joint stock
concern composed of fifty persons who
are bound to each other for the term of
five years for the purpose of following
under my direction the trade and busi-
. ness of that country in all its branches
selecting those for which we deem our-
selves most competent and which appear
to us to hold out the best prospects to be
determined upon the spot. All expenses
are a charge against the amount of pro-
ceeds. * * * * The residue after
this deduction is to be divided into fifty
equal parts, eight of which are to be
mine, two are for the surgeon and the
remaining forty are divided equally
among the men. I am to procure all
credits wanted for the expedition and all
disbursements necessary for their fitting
out with the exception of their personal
equipments and expenses as far as
Franklin, Missouri." The reasons given
Kelley for thus swinging clear of the
"first Oregon expedition" are thus ex-
pressed: "I wish you well in your under-
taking but regret that you could not
have moved at the time and in the man-
ner first proposed. When you adopted
the plan of taking across the continent
in the first expedition women and chil-
dren, I gave up all hope that you would
go at all and all intention of going with
you if you did. The delays inseparable
from a convoy of this kind are so great
that you could not keep the mass to-
gether and if you could the delay would
ruin my projects." Thus disencumbered
we many feel certain that a company un-
der Wyeth's direction will move on to
Oregon.
(To be continued.)
Am t"
.**&'■■
Our Point of View
The Pacific Monthly has successfully
weathered the storms incident to the first
volume of a periodical's existence, and
is experiencing a taste of that con-
fidence and strength that time alone
gives. These first numbers have in-
tentionally been made modest and
conservative, and while the policy
of the magazine will always continue
along the lines of progressive conserva-
tism, improvement in the magazine will
from now on be more rapid and marked.
With the exception of the critical per-
iod in American history when the form
of government was to be decided upon,
there has never been a time when the
nation was confronted with so many and
so serious questions as now. The money
question, many still maintain, is far from
being settled. Political parties of every
complexion are alarmed at the growing
power and number of the trusts, and the
question of what shall be done with them
is perplexing our best statesmen.
Above these two the question of "ex-
pansion" towers with such mighty im-
port that the others sink into compara-
tive insignificence. the three questions,
however, involve the social, political and
commercial destiny of the nation, and
each is, in some way, connected with
politics. Inasmuch, therefore, as The
Pacific Monthly is strictly non-partisan,
and yet recognizes the serious import of
these questions, the publishers have
thought it desirable to add a new depart-
rv°vA to the magazine, devoted to
"Questions of the Day." This depart-
ment will be for the use of our readers,
and expressions, limited to four or five
hundred words, are solicited on subjects
relating to any social, religious or politi-
cal question. All manuscript sent in
must bear the author's name, though a
nom de plume will be printed, if so de-
sired. -'"The publishers will not, of
course, be understood as endorsing any
of the views expressed. The question
of "expansion" has been deemed of suffi-
cient importance to be separated from
the rest by giving it space in the front
part of the magazine. Mr. C. E. S.
Wood's "Imperialism vs. Democracy,"
opens the discussion on this subject, and
will be followed next month by an arti-
cle on the other side of the question by
Mr. Wallace McCammant. Judge A. H.
Tanner contributes for the department
this month an able article favoring ex-
pansion.
"The Financial World" and "Men and
Women," two new departments, the lat-
ter treating of the important questions
tnat men and women must meet and de-
cide, also begin in this number, which
hay i>een incivM-t-d sixie n paijft-K Other
departments will be added as the need
for them is felt, «nd the size of the mag-
azine correspondingly increased.
The occasion which produced the ad-
dress of Mr. C. E. S. Wood, which we
publish this month, was the gathering
together for purposes of reconciliation
the forces of his locally disrupted party.
The talismanic name of Jefferson is sup-
posed to possess a power for cohesive at-
traction, irrisistable to democratic party
factions, hence the breaking of bread in
his honor. But whether or not this par-
ticular Jeffersonian banquet results in
the healing of factionaldifferences and the
wiping out of party feuds is a matter of
less concern than that it should have
elicited this unquallified expression of
opinion from Mr. Wood. And whether
we I1 old with him or not, and many of us
distinctly do not, whether we believe
him to be right in his conclusions, or
wrong; whether we look from his point
of view, another's or our own, the fact
remains that we have in him, and in men
like him, the most valuable possession of
the state — a citizen strong in the courage
of his convictions, absolutely fearless and
free in the voicing of sentiments that, in
his belief, make for honest government.
OUR 'POINT OF VIEW.
83
Those who live much alone form, un-
consciously, a habit of listening-, of in-
tently listening to each slightest sound.
The sense of hearing becomes acute,
trained to catch the faintest echo of a
falling note. Particularly is this true at
night, in that tender dusk of stars when
the silence seems to fill and vibrate with
tender melodies, stranger, sweeter, than
any day-time music of bird song, rus-
tling leaves, or wind-stirred branches.
On calmest nights, when not a breath
sways the tasseled tops of the young
pines, when the tide swells in or ebbs
without a ripple, when every water-fowl
is mute and all feathered choirs are
sleeping, these wierd, entrancing harmo-
nies are loudest, clearest and most sweet.
Whence they come, or why; whether
they are a wandering voice, born of the
dark, or soul-created symphonies, who
can say? It may be that the "music of
the spheres," re-echoing upon earth, can
be heard by mortal ear only when the
heart is still, cradled in the calm of hu-
man motions, and once heard is never
forgotten.
Whether or not education induces
pessimism is a question that is at present
agitating the minds of certain learned
men who are actively interested in social
progress. Pessimism is desirable in so far
as it tends to make a man dissatisfied
with present conditions, and detrimental
only when it carries him into that state
of mental gloom where he ceases to see
good in anything, and where he loses
entirely that spirit of hopefulness that
constitutes the sunshine of human exist-
ence. The education that makes a man
"in general an optimist, in particular a
pessimist," is without question the best
for the yOung citizen.
We hear it often urged nowadays that
the avenues for success in business and
professional life are so thoroughly closed
that the young man of today has little
or no chance in comparison to that
which his father had; that opportunities
are lacking, and so on. The truth of the
matter is that the conditions have not
changed so much as have the young
men themselves. They expect too much,
want to take life too easily at the start,
and scoff at opportunities that forty
years ago would have been considered
a god-send. The young men of today
are not willing, as a rule, to commence
at the bottom. They expect to go on
from the point that the father has reach-
ed, and their work is consequently unsat-
isfactory. Opportunities are not lack-
ing. Talent, energy, concentration, de-
termination, willingness to do what one
is told to do and doing it with all one's
might and main — these qualities were
never more in demand than they are to-
day. Business men all over the country
are looking for, anxious to find, young
men who are ambitious and determined,
but 9 times out to 10 the young man just;
employed turns out either one who is
satisfied with a daily routine which is
performed only passably, and whose
business is made of a more or less sec-
ondary character, or one who, though
capable, does not understand the secret
and success of knowing how to wait.
Young men forget that the employer is
more interested in securing efficient, de-
pendable help — men who can think with
him and some times for him — than the
young men are to secure their positions
and rise. Opportunities are here if only
young men will grasp them.
The idea of unity — the unity of God,
and man, and nature — that is playing
such an important part in the "greater
religion," is spoken of as if it were a new
thing, a recent discovery like Tripler's
liquid air, or Tesla's wireless telegraphy.
In reality it is as old as time, and has
been in all ages a recognized truth, clear
as the light of day to the deeply thought-
ful, the philosophical and wise. It is
only now, however, that it is beginning
to be generally understood and dis-
cussed. And this general conception of
its beauty and meaning is one of the
hopeful signs of the times. There is
more religion, and better, in the world
today, than ever before since the dawn
of creation.
The Month
A RECORD OF THE WORLD'S PROGRESS.
IN POLITICS—
The New York Journal is advocating
the following "American Internal
Policy":
FIRST— PUBLIC OWNERSHIP OF PUBLIC
FRANCHISES.
The Values Created by the Community
Should Belong to the Community.
SECOND— DESTRUCTION OF CRIMINAL
TRUSTS.
No Monopolization of the National Re-
sources by Lawless Private Combina-
tions More Powerful than the People's
Government.
THIRD— A GRADUATED INCOME TAX.
Every Citizen to Contribute to the Sup-
port of the Government According to
His Means, and Not According to His
Necessities.
FOURTH— ELECTION OF SENATORS BY
THE PEOPLE.
The Senate, Now Becoming the Private
Property of Corporations and Bosses,
to Be Made Truly Representative, and
the State Legislatures to Be Redeemed
from Recurring Scandals.
FIFTH— NATIONAL, STATE AND MUNICI-
PAL IMPROVEMENT OF THE PUBLIC
SCHOOL SYSTEM.
As the Duties of Citizenship Are Both
General and Local, Every Government,
General and Local, Should Do Its
Share Toward Fitting Every Individ-
ual to Perform Them.
SIXTH— CURRENCY REFORM.
All the Nation's Money to Be Issued By
the Nation's Government, and Its Sup-
ply to Be Regulated by the People
and Not by the Banks.
Bryan democrats have organized in
New York to fight Tammany.
China has refused a railway conces-
sion demanded by Russia. It is believed
in Berlin that Russia's latest claims will
reopen the entire question of Russian
and British rights there.
England, France and Germanv will
present demands to the United States
amounting to millions for indemnity to
citizens of those countries who were in-
jured by the Cuban war.
In the North of Europe there seems
to be a small war-cloud forming. The
Scandinavian contention may reach a
peaceful conclusion, but just now the
prospects do not favor it.
England, having adjusted divisional
lines in Africa in a manner satisfactory
to all concerned, is now comparatively
free to carry the "white man's burden"
unmolested by envious neighbors.
Russia is striving to acquire a railroad
terminus upon the Pacific below the
heavy ice line that always closes Vladi-
vostok and Siberian harbors. The
Czar's peace conference is the event of
international importance for the month
of May.
It is interesting to read that the elec-
tions in Spain, being held upon Sunday,
have to give way to matters of greater
importance, namely, bull-fights, which
occur upon the same day.
The situation in Porto Rico seems to
demand an improvement in economic
conditions. That amiably - disposed
island would like to be commercially as
well as politicaly annexed.
The resignation of Mr. Reed and his
retirement from political life, and the
clearing of Senator Quay from the
charge of unlawful appropriation of state
funds, were two surprises from which
the public has hardly yet recovered.
In the municipal elections held in the
United States since the beginning of the
year there has been, with two exceptions,
Pittsburgh and Philadelphia, a marked
freedom from political domination. De-
troit, Denver and Toledo are already
strongly committed to social progress of
a very definite sort. Chicago leans to-
wards the Pingree idea of municipal
ownership of street railways, and San
Francisco is adopting radical innova-
tions in the way of organization, and is
providing an interesting object lesson
THE MONTH.
ti5
for other cities who are seeking ways
and means to better their present condi-
tion.
j»
The action of the Czar in depriving
the Finns of their last vestige of inde-
pendence has aroused much interest in
this country in these people. This inter-
est is further increased by the report that
many are immigrating to America. The
Literary Digest says of them:
The Finns threaten to emigrate en masse,
and the nation which gets them certainly
will be lucky. Physically they are among
the finest races of white men; perhaps the
South African Boers are the only people su-
perior to them in this respect. A crew of
Russian Finns is the strongest, most daring,
most intelligent personnel a sea captain
could wish to command. From an educa-
tional point of view, the Finns are much
superior to the Boers, as they have long-es-
tablished schools and universities, but their
business morals and social habits are very
unprogressive.
J*
Dewev is still being mentioned as a
possible" candidate for the Presidency,
although he has repeatedly refused to
allow his name to be used in such a con-
nection. It has been pointed out, how-
ever, that such a course was the only one
open to him at the present time, and that
inasmuch as he has always put duty first,
it is not improbable that in another year
dutv may point so imperiously toward
the' White House that there can be no
choice but to obey. The nomination of
Dewey would mean his election and, if
he persistently refuses the tenders of a
nomination, he will be the first man to
decline the Presidency of the United
States.
Captain Coughlan, of the "Raleigh,"
which participated in the battle of Ma-
nila, has brought himself into a more or
less unpleasant position by his re-
marks in New York about Admi-
ral Von Diederich and the Kaiser. The
part that the Germans take exceptions
to is contained in the following story
which Coghlan is reported to have told.
Whether true or not, it is certainly a
"good story":
Our friend, Admiral Von Diedrichs offi-
cer, came down one day to make a com-
plaint. It was my pleasure to step out on
the Quarter-deck just as he came aboard.
It was partly by accident and partly by de-
sign. I heard him tell the Admiral about
his complaint, and I heard the Admiral re-
ply:
"Tell your Admiral those ships of his
must stop when I say so. I wish to make
the blocade of this harbor complete."
The German officer replied, "But we fly
the flag." The reply of the Admiral was
just like Dewey. He said "Those flags can
be bought at half a dollar a yard anywhere."
There was no fun in that expression of the
Admiral. He told the officer that anyone
could fly a German flag, and that a whole
Spanish fleet might come upon him with
German flags up.
Then he drew back and stroked his mus-
tache. He has a great habit of stroking his
mustache when he gets mad. He baid: "Tell
your Admiral I'm blocading here. Now, note
carefully what I say, and tell your Admiral
that I say it. I have been making this block-
ade as easy for everybody as I could, but I'm
getting tired of the purile work here. It has
been of such a character that a man wouldn't
notice it, although children might fight over
it; but the time has come when it must
stop."
"Now listen closely and tell the Admiral as
I say it. Tell your Admiral that the slight-
est infraction of any rule, and tell him care-
fully, now, that the slightest infraction of
any rule will mean only one thing. That
will be war. It will be so accepted and re-
sented immediately. If your people are
ready for war with the United States they
can have it at any time."
I'm free to admit that that almost took my
breath away. It came so suddenly. We had
expected it all along, but things you have
been expecting always come unexpectedly.
Even death comes that way sometimes.
As he left, with a face about this long (in-
dicating by holding his hands far apart), the
German said to me: "I think your Admiral
does not exactly understand." Now, you've
all read Victor Hugo's "Les Misrables," and
what the first soldier said when the English
called on him to surrender. I confess I said
something like that to him. "Not only does
he understand," I told him, "but he means
what he says, and you'd better look out."
After that they did not breathe more than
four times successively without asking per-
mission.
IN SCIENCE—
Nicola Tesla, who is named the poet
of science, in a letter to the New York
Journal, says:
"Wireless telegraphy is a system of flash-
ing signals by means of a light that is invis-
ible, similar to X-rays. Circles of this un-
seen mysterious light may be sped instantly
to any distance, even to Mars and Jupiter.
If receiving terminals could be erected there
86
THE TACIFIC ^MONTHLY.
the message could be intelligently and faith-
fully transmitted.
"To flash 200O or 3000 words per minute to
any part by the highly sensitized terminals
I have perfected will be a common thing It
is nothing. It is inevitable. Distance no
longer intimidates the electrician. I have
demonstrated this week that messages may
be sent with equal facility through the earth
as by induction through the air. Neither dis-
tance nor the density of intervening objects
will affect the speed or accuracy of the trans-
mission of messages.
"The people of New York can have their
private wireless communication with friends
and acquaintances in various parts of the
glebe. It will be no greater wonder to have
a cable tower on your roof than it is now to
have a telephone in your house."
J*
Admiral Makaroff, experimenting un-
der the protection of the Russian gov-
ernment, has invented an ice-breaking
machine described as "a huge piece of
naval construction," capable of plowing
with wonderful rapidity a broad furrow
through solid ice, opening a channel in
which other vessels may navigate in
safety. The successful operation of this
ice-breaking steamer will materially ef-
fect other northern ports and waterways
than Russia's.
j*
Mr. Tripler seems to be in danger of
losing his temper occasionally when
some particularly scathing criticism is
made upon his liquid air machine. The
scientists must be wilfully blind, he
thinks, or unnaturally dull, not to pre-
ceive at once the operation of a proposi-
tion so simple as his invention, while the
scientists themselves are loudly lament-
ing Mr. Tripler's self-deception and the
absurd position in which he has placed
himself by his extravagant assertions.
J*
Work is steadily progressing on the
new yachts to compete for the America's
cup this fall. The "Columbia," Ameri-
ca's new defender, is being built by the
Herreshoffs who are determined to turn
out the most perfect racing craft that has
been constructed, and no expense what-
ever is being spared to secure that end.
On the other hand Sir Thomas Lipton
is taking the same course with the cup-
challenger, "Shamrock," and the races
this fall promise to be of unusual inter-
est. The greatest secrecy is being main-
tained on both sides of the water in re-
gard to the lines of the yachts, A pre-
liminary series of races will be held be-
tween the "Columbia" and the "De-
fender," the last cup-champion, to deter-
mine the qualities of the former. It is
expected that she will show a great im-
provement over the "Defender."
Lieutenant Elliott, who has examined
the Spanish vessels destroyed at
Manila, reports that the sides of
iron and steel-built ships do not
resist projectiles enough to explode
them. The desire to develop the steel
shell so that it shall penetrate the armor
has produced one that will go through
the side of a ship so successfully that the
shell will not explode and do the damage
it should.
IN LITERATURE—
It is proven that the man who wields
the pen may be quite as fearless as he
who wears a sword, or carries a bayonet.
Indeed, according to Richard Harding
Davis, in Harpers' for May, the author
of the "Red Badge of Courage" was the
"coolest man under fire" of all who were
present at the battle of San Juan "wheth-
er army officer or civilian." Mr. Davis
found this fatalistic coolness annoying in
the extreme, he frankly confesses, partic-
ularly when, upon the summit of the San
Juan hills, Stephen Crane persistently
took all the chances there were to take
of being shot. This article concerning
the courage of the war correspondents
in the "late unpleasantness" is not less
interesting than those which preceded it
— and that is saying much. For of all
the work which Richard Harding Davis
has produced his Cuban papers are far
and away the best.
Fiction, in the estimation of Mr.
Kineton Parkes, is the "highest form of
literary art." Realistic fiction is unqual-
ifidely condemned, for "nature should
only be allowed to serve as a basis."
The greatest novelist is he who is able to
imagine and create, from a fragment of
nature, a glimpse of life, the beautiful
dreams that are bevond realization — the
THE MONTH.
87
wonderful world of the unreal, so ex-
quisitely and vividly drawn that it im-
presses the reader for the time being as
real. The further we get from realism
in fiction, the happier the results.
Jose Rizal, the Filipino novelist who
was executed by the Spaniards at Ma-
nila in December, 1896, was a patriot of
the loftiest type.
Walt Whitman's "cosmic conscious-
ness" is just now the subject of animated
discussion. Dr. Burke, who wrote the
great poet's biography, is principally re-
sponsible for this Whitman debate, by
reason of some rather startling state-
ments recently made in an article in the.
New England Magazine, in which he
likens the author of the "Leaves of
Grass" to Christ, and describes his own
first impressions of him.
Rudyard Kipling is suing G. P. Put-
nam & Sons, of New York, for $25,000
for "infringement of trade marks and
copyrights." The Putnams say that is a
case of "pique."
IN ART—
Lillian Bell holds the American girl to
be a prude and accuses her of seriously
crippling American art. To which Mr.
W. D. Howells makes reply in behalf of
literary art to the effect that the expan-
sion of the American novel may not lie
in the direction in which Miss Bell is
looking. And a writer in the Critic
thinks that she is unnecessarily alarmed
for the future of American art. While
such sculptors as St. Gaudens and such
artists as Kenyon Cox are active there is
little cause to worry. In fact the general
consensus of opinion would indicate that
Miss Bell has over-estimated the influ-
ence of the American girl.
Edgar Felloes, who is becoming
known to the world through his work in
artistic photography, sends over to the
London competition three very remark-
able pictures. One of Joaquin Miller,
one of Frederic Warde in the character
of Macbeth, a half-tone reproduction of
which appeared in the Pacific Monthly
for March, and a story-picture illustrat-
ing Jean Ingelo's "We Are Seven." Mr.
Felloes has never yet failed to win flat-
tering recognition for his work, wherev-
er exhibited and has carried off several
prizes in New York and Boston compe-
titions. The pictures which he is send-
ing from Portland to London are unus-
ual studies and it is confidently expected
that his work will be well received.
Among the pictures on exhibition at
Bernstein's this month is an oil painting
entitled "At Sea," by W. E. Rollins, and
a water color by Captain Cleveland
Rockwell, of Long Beach at high tide.
Both Mr. Rollins and Captain Rockwell
delight in painting the scenery of the
Oregon coast.
Western artists are congratulating
themselves just now upon the good for-
tune that has brought them Frank Du
Mond, a painter whose work is recog-
nized in two hemispheres. His presence
in Portland is in the nature of an inspira-
tion to the faithful and industrious
Sketch Club, the members of which are
eagerly embracing this opportunity to
profit by the experience and teaching of
a recognized master. Those who were
fortunate enough to see his picture of
"The Holy Family" exhibited at Bern-
stein's last year, are expectantly waiting.
There was seen at the same time and
place a painting of Joan d'Arc, by Mrs.
DuMond, which attracted much atten-
tion, and which showed remarkable pow-
er ' and originality. The artist, Helen
Savier DuMond, is a daughter of Ore-
gon, and is no less gifted than her dis-
tinguished husband.
IN EDUCATION—
Dr. W. R. Turtle, of New York Uni-
versity, is inclined to admit that our
higher education is producing a race of
pessimists He notes the tendency
among college-bred men to stand coldly
aloof from all movements toward social
betterment, and to consider themselves
as mere onlookers in the drama of hu-
88
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
man suffering, says the Literary Digest.
The antidote needed for this form of
pessimism, Dr. Tuttle tells us, is enthus-
iasm. Yet at present, he is forced to ad-
mit, enthusiasm too often goes with ig-
norance or fanaticism. It is the trained
man who has unrivaled power for good,
if he would but use it.
The Catholic Knights of America
have endowed a chair of English Litera-
ture in the Catholic University of Amer-
ica, at Washington. This makes seven-
teen chairs that have been endowed
since the establishment of the university.
J*
The Stanford University estate hav-
ing been taken from the courts, extens-
ive improvements along the lines orig-
inally laid down are now under way.
IN RELIGIOUS THOUGHT—
In a recent proclamation Governor
Rollins, of New Hampshire, made the
following statement: "The decline of
the Christian religion, particulary in our
rural communities, is a marked feature
of the times, and steps should be taken to
remedy it." This statement immediately
called forth an extended discussion
throughout the country as to whether
religion is in the decline or not. The
religious press, on the whole, urges that
it is not, though there are a conspicuous
exceptions here and there. The New
York Journal sent out letters to 200
clergymen, college presidents, and oth-
ers, for their opinions, and with thr.ee
exceptions the answers were that re-
ligion is not on the decline. The three
exceptions were all New York ministers,
among whom was Dr. Newell D. Hillis,
the successor of Dr. Lyman Abbott.
The question is destined to be very wide-
ly discussed.
Dr. C. A. Briggs, who was suspended
for heresy by the Presbyterian Assem-
bly, was ordained a priest of the Epis-
copal church on May 14. It was expect-
ed that protests would be made at the
time, but none were filed. {
LEADING EVENTS—
April 1.— Ex-President Harrison and ex-
Secretary Tracy are appointed counsel for
Venezuela before the international arbitra-
tion court to meet in Paris on May 25.
April 2. — A serious conflict between Turk-
ish and Bulgarian guards occurs on the Bul-
garian frontier.
April 3.— The Greek ministry resigns.
April 4.— The Cuban military assembly
votes to dissolve and disband the army.
April 5.— Reports received from Manila to
the effect that Aguinaldo has been deposed
in favor of General Antonio Lund.
April 6.— The Swedish parliament votes a
large credit for war expenses.
April 7.— Malietoa is crowned king of
Samoa.
April 8.— The British government appoints
C. N. E. Eliot, British high commissioner to
Samoa.
April 9.— The Cuban junta demands the
prosecution of General Indlow for setting
aside the "incommenicado" law.
April 10.— General Lawton captures Santa
Cruz.
April 11.— Bellamy Storer, present United
States minister to Belgium, is appointed
minister to Spain.
April 12.— It is announced that the Sa-
moan trouble will be settled peaceably.
April 13. — The government acknowledges
increasing complications in the Philippines.
April 14.— Americans capture San Antonio.
Revolution breaks out in Brazil.
April 15. — William J. Bryan and O. P.
H. Belmont speak at the Jeffersonian dinner
at the Grand Central Palace in New York
April 16.— The United States cruiser
Raleigh is welcomed at New York on re-
turning from Manila.
April 17.— The famous Indian fighting reg-
iment, the Twenty-first infantry, sails for
Manila from San Francisco.
April 18. — 4,000 American volunteers peti-
tion the government to be allowed to be
mustered out. Ex-Governor Lord, of Ore-
gon, is appointed minister to Persia.
April 19.— Speaker Reed resigns.
April 20.— General Otis asks for twenty
thousand men.
April 23.— A new cabinet is formed for
Roumania.
April 24.— Dr. Nicholas Senn has been an-
nounced by his friends as a candidate for the
republican nomination for governor of Il-
linois.
April 25.— The strikes at the Bunker Hill
and Sullivan mines, Wardner, Idaho, assume
a threatening character.
April 26.— Wardner is transformed into an
armed camp.
April 27. — General McArthur again routs
the Filipino army.
April 28.— The Filipinos ask for a suspen-
sion of hostilities.
In His Steps; What Would Jesus Do?
Advance Pub. Co.
Charles M. Sheldon has produced in
the work of the above title a book that
is destined to have a far-reaching influ-
ence. Christian men and women cer-
tainly must be strongly impressed by it,
and feel the truth of the position that
Mr. Sheldon takes in regard to the con-
dition of the churches today. The book
attempts to solve, from a religious stand-
point, many of the social questions of the
day, and the fair-minded reader must ad-
mit that it is more practical than any-
thing that has heretofore appeared.
While it will, of course, have no
effect on the agnostic, the atheist,
or the disbeliever in Christ, church peo-
ple should be profoundly moved by
the spirit of the book, and be im-
pelled to put to themselves the question
which actuates the characters in any sit-
uation throughout the story, viz.: "What
Would Jesus Do?" From a literary
standpoint the book is open to criticism.
Mr. Sheldon evidently does not under-
stand the art of condensation. In his
endeavor to fully impress the reader
with the points once clearly brought out
he makes the book tiresome. However,
this will not prevent its being read
through. The story, on the whole, is
too strong, too deserving to be passed
by. The criticism of the Bookman, that
the story is immoral, stamps that peri-
odical as lacking in the first principles of
good judgment. The Bookman is not
ed for its lack of literary discernment,
and is, therefore, no criterion. Such a
criticism as it has made upon this book
is so manifestly unjust as to leave one in
doubt as to whether the critic on the
Bookman had ever read the story.
It is worth noting that the book has
created a sensation in England, over i,-
000,000 copies having been sold there.
A Second Century Satirist.
F. Tennyson Neely, New York.
The more interesting dialogues of
Lucian are translated by Winthrop Dud-
ly Sheldon, Lucian, who lived in the age
of Antonines, is characterized as the
"Avant Coureur" of the host of modern
story-tellers and humorists. His "Dia-
logue of the Gods " is delightful in its
naturalness and humor. The gods of
Olympus are charmingly satirized.
"Zeus in Heroics" is an amusing at-
tack upon that pagan deity as the
providential ruler of the Universe.
He is represented in grave distress
and pale of countenance pacing to
and fro, muttering to himself. Hermes
and Athena appeal to him to tell what it
is all about. He replies in tragic phrase
from Euripidies. Here his wife enters —
she knows what ails him; some new love
affair, of course. No, he protests — quite
another matter. "The rule of the gods is
in peril ; it is a question whether we shall
longer receive gifts and honors, or be re-
garded as of no account. Yesterday in
Athens two philosophers fell into hot de-
bate whether we even exist or have any
control over human affairs. Today the
discussion is to be renewed. What shall
be done? Everything hinges upon the
result." Zeus calls a council of the gods
to meet the emergency. The dialogue
gives a highly humorous account of their
coming together, of the debate itself, and
how the gods from the open windows of
heaven watch its progress, making their
side remarks, as the contest ebbs and
flows.
"Dialogues of the Dead" is a delicate
satire upon human life in which Diogenes
and Charon figure conspicuously. The
book contains the best of Lucian's pro-
ductions and is genuinely amusing and
more. It is prefaced by an account of
"Lucian the Man and the Author."
90
THE 'PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
When Knighthood Was in Flower.
Brown-Merrill Co., Indianapolis, Ind.
The author of this historical novel,
Edwin Caskaden, claims that he has a
right to be proud of his ancestry inas-
much he can go back in a direct, un-
broken line to William the Conqueror,
and includes in the list fourteen barons,
twelve Knights of the Garter and forty-
seven knights of Bath, etc. If such a rec-
ord does not entitlte an author to a re-
spectful reading from a democratic
American public, what can? And the
story is taken from the memoir of one
of these same worthy ancestors — one
Sir Edwin Caskoden, Master of the
Dance to Henry VIII, and is the ro-
mance of Mary Tudor, sister to the king.
And of course it naturally follows that a
romance of that period and setting must
reverberate with the clash of arms. The
Princess Mary "could not help it that God
had seen fit to make her the fairest being
on earth, and the responsibility would
have to lie where it belonged — with God-
given beauty and rank and youth — and
the result is as meritable as it is interest-
ing and romantic. There is some men-
tion in the beginning of one "Master
Wolsey, a butcher's son." And that is
an excellent rule which Brandon gives
the Princess "for every-day use." Simple
too. "Whatever makes others unhappy
is wrong; whatever makes the world
happier is good." He thoughtfully adds
that he is not sure as to how one is to
do this, or to know. "One has to learn
by trying."
And a little later we have this same
Brandon admitting that he likes a wo-
man "who can be as savage as the very
devil when it pleases her." There is a
good deal of the most delightful moral-
izing in this book. "The difference be-
tween a man and a woman," Sir Edwin
reflects, is that "a woman — God bless
her — if she really loves a man, has no
thought of any other; one at a time is all
sufficient, but a man may love one wo-
man with all the warmth of a simoon,
and at the same time feel like a good,
healthy south wind toward a dozen
others."
The Battle of the Strong.
Houghton, Miffiin & Co., Xew York.
One of the notable novels of the year
is tnis book of Gilbert Parker's. It is a
story of the little isle of- Jersey. "In all
the world, there is no coast like the coast
of Jersey; so treacherous, so snarling;
serrated with rocks, seen and unseen,
tortured by currents maliciously whim-
sical, encircled by tides that sweep up
from the Antarctic world with the de-
vouring force of a monstrous serpent
projecting itself toward its prey." The
descriptive opening of the first chapter is
a marine word-picture so real that you
catch the roar of the surf, and feel the
salt spray in your face — as you look —
"Always, always the white form beats
the rocks, and always must man go war-
ily along these coasts." And this danger-
circled island was the scene of the "Bat-
tle of the Strong," which was fought a
hundred years ago. And the people,
Norman still in thought and speech,
are made to live and breathe in
the pages of this book, real flesh and
blood, true as steel, an honest, simple
folk with an honest, simple pride of race.
One is surprised to find oneself in love
with the fat old wife of the boatman Jean
Tonzel, whose physical attractions were
of so doubtful a nature that for fifteen
years her husband whom she adored,
had not had the courage to kiss her. But
it is the warm womanly heart of her, so
tender — so faithful, so loving — so quick
to understand and sympathize that wins
one unawares. The heroine, the beauti-
ful, high-minded Guida, with all her
charms does not approach the character
of the boatman's wife in deep human in-
terest. As for the hero — well there are
so many of him — he is so divided up
that it is hardly possible to decide in one
reading just what, or who he is.
LIVING TOGETHER.— By Edgar P. Hill, D. D.
When two human beings meet laws and
governments become necessary. When
two men stand fronting each other the
profoundest problems of sociology press
upon the mind for solution. Two men
are society in the little. Is a man hon-
est? ■ Watch him in his dealings with
the one before him. Is he truthful?
Another man is here necessary for the
test. Is he philanthropic? His attitude
towards another is the proof.
One of the most difficult things in the
world is to get along with a fellow-crea-
ture. Hagenbach studies the peculiari-
ties of a tiger, adapts himself to its temp-
er, subdues its fierceness, until man and
beast dwell together in peace. But who
spends many hours in studying the
characteristics of his fellow man? Who
seeks to soften another's fury? Who
cultivates a spirit of adaptability towards
the man next him? We marvel at the
skill of a Rubenstein as he sits before the
piano, or a Turner as he spreads his
vision on the canvas, but neither of
these deserves our admiration as does
the man who has learned what Sir Ar-
thur Helps terms "the art of right liv-
ing."
Two fellow-creatures, with all their
peculiarities of manner, their eccentrici-
ties of mind, their tempermental individ-
ualities, find themselves tied to each oth-
er for life. If, on the day they plighted
their troth "before God and these wit-
nesses." they could have caught a
glimpse of the future, perhaps both
would have hesitated. He did not real-
ize that physical charms quickly change.
She could not anticipate the selfishness,
the coarseness, the indifference which a
few years would bring forth. If Jane
Wrelsh had known what, a crabbed dys-
peptic her Thomas was to become,
would she have replied so promptly, "I
do," when the minister asked "Do you?"
If the Athenian philosopher had known
how much trouble his Xantippe was go-
ing to be, would he have put his neck un-
der the yoke so readily? Perhaps it
should be put, if Xantippe had known
that her spouse was going to delight in
the companionship of the most famous
courtesan of the day, would she have
given such quick consent to become his
mantle-mender for life?
But they could not see into the future.
Here they are bound together so long as
they both shall live. Therefore, will not
some wise man, whom we shall give a
place among the immortals, open a
school in which ten thousand perplexed
husbands and wives may learn the art of
living together?
She will be told how to cultivate their
little personal graces of way and word,
which
"Betray,
Like the divining rod of Magi old,
Where precious wealth lies buried, not of
gold,
But love — strong love that never can de-
cay."
He will study the refinements of life
for her sake; continue to be as gallant as
in the old courting days; covet the leis-
ure hour to be with his beloved rather
than to spend it at the club. Each will
be thoughtful of the other, generous in
expressions of affection, considerate of
of the other's weaknesses.
When clouds come, what then? Let
them come. The choicest flowers often
need protection from the sun. Only a
single sorrow need greatly to be feared.
If the shadow of the scarlet woman
should fall across, then sweet love is
dead.
When hands are wet with a brother's
blood, the world cries out in horror.
More cruel is he who stabs to the heart
with the poisoned dagger of illicit pas-
sion, the wife of his bosom, and yet,
merciless hand, will not finish the work.
One there is who is able to teach the
art of living together — A Bridegroom.
He knows the secrets of love. He seals
vow? and beautifies love. In His love
all earthly relationships are glorified.
Questions of the Day
Expansion.
The question thac everybody is asking
everybody else just now is, What do you
think of expansion?
My answer is that we have already ex-
panded, and that is the end of it. .Our
sovereignty and right over Cuba, Porto
Rico and the Philippines is just as com-
plete as over any territory we have ever
acquired by conquest or purchase. How-
ever, there are those who vehemently
question the policy of expansion and en-
deavor to discredit the administration, on
account thereof.
The same contention took place con-
cerning the Louisiana purchase, the an-
nexation of Texas, the acquisition of a
part of Mexico and the purchase of
Alaska. There were pessimists then as
now, who saw nothing in it but disaster
and ruin for the United States. But who
at the 'present time will doubt the wis-
dom of expansion — of acquiring new
territory — in those instances? But we
are told it is different with Cuba, and the
Philippines; that the people of those is-
lands have not consented to American
sovereignty, and that to force them into
becoming American citizens would be
contrary to all our traditions and shame-
ful in the extreme.
The same conditions were true, how-
ever, of the territory acquired in the war
with Mexico, and the Alaska purchase.
The native tribes and clans were not con-
sulted nor did they give their consent,
but having acquired the territory (in the
one instance by conquest and in the oth-
er by purchase) our sovereignty attached
and we were not held back because, for-
sooth, some Mexican chief or Indian
Sachem might feel offended at our com-
ing. We went to where American valor
had planted our flag in Mexico, and
where American foresight had placed it
in Alaska and there we remained. As a
result of that course four new flourishing
states and three territories were added to
the Union.
Substantially the same policy should, in
my judgment, be adopted in reference to
Cuba, Porto Rico and the Philippines.
We should hold them as trophies of our
victorious arms; provide for the time be-
ing a suitable military government for
them, until such time as the people shall
become sufficiently civilized and pacified,
and then extend over them the territorial
form of government through which so
many of our states have worked their
way into the Union. Under the wise and
humane administration such a system
would afford, I doubt not that within a
decade they would be knocking at the
door of congress, seeking admission to
the sisterhood of states.
My reasons for holding the territory
wrested from Spain may be summarised
as follows:
First — Call it sentiment or what you
will, I am a thorough believer in the idea
that wherever American patriotism and
blood and valor have placed our flag
there it should remain. The brave boys
who gave their lives to their country in
the Philippines and Cuba, did so be-
cause they were following their coun-
try's flag and vindicating their country's
honor. To now take down that flag from
where they planted it by their valor and
devotion and withdraw from the con-
quered territory, as some seem to think
should be done, would discredit their
work and their devotion, and take away
the very incentive to warlike and heroic
action on the part of our soldiery in time
of war.
Second — We owe a moral duty to the
people of those islands not to leave them
in a worse condition than we found
them, which would certainly be the case
if we withdrew, leaving them in their
half-civilized state to the mercy of self-
appointed rulers as well as the prey of
less considerate nations. Such a course
would, in my judgment, be ignoble, con-
temptible, pusillanimous.
Third — From a commercial stand-
point we should retain them. The time
QUESTIONS OF THE "DAY.
93
is not far distant when in the interest of
our varied products, we will have to imi-
tate the example of our mother country
and fight for markets. In such a strug-
gle the possession of the Philippines as a
gateway to the Orient will be of trans-
cendent importance, while Cuba is the
key to the trade of the South American
republics.
Fourth — We are too great ana benefi-
cent a government and country to bottle
ourselves up or to be bottled up. In the
great onward movement of the world
God is using the nations to work out
certain great ends, among which are the
elevation and civilization of the human
race in all quarters of the earth. We
should retain the footholds which the
fortunes of war have given us in the Far
East and to the south of us, that we may
be in a better position to discharge our
part of this high and solemn duty which
under Providence we owe the less fav-
ored portions of mankind.
Fifth — The war with Spain cost us in
the neighborhood of $200,000,000, be-
sides the $20,000,000 paid to Spain for
betterments in the Philippines. We
should retain the territory acquired in
that war as a recompense for these ex-
penditures, such being our only hope of
indemnity.
A. H. TANNER.
Trusts.
The tendency of capital to concentrate
in the form of trusts or syndicates is per-
haps the most absorbing question before
the public today, involving as it does
both political and social progress. The
movement, which I believe will ulti-
mately result in nationalism or govern-
ment ownership of all forms of industry,
has been clearly defined from the start.
It began some years ago by the con-
solidation of the smaller stores in our
larger cities into one big concern, and
the Department Store of today is the re-
sult. The Department Stores, however,
will eventually be absorbed by larger in-
terests until there will be but one big
store in each city. Although this part of
the movement is in an unfinished state,
yet progress has been so rapid that the
next step — the consolidation of. several
corporations in different parts of the
country into one — has been taken, and
today we find ourselves in the midst of
it and capital scrambling as never before
in the history of the world for centraliza-
ation. Conditions made the movement
inevitable, and conditions will bring it
to its only logical outcome — national-
ism. This word has been held up as a
bugaboo, but it means more for the peo-
ple directly than any other one word.
While, therefore, the undoubted tenden-
cy of the times towards this ultimate
goal may be detrimental to certain in-
terests, thought and investigation must
convince us that it will work untold
benefit to the nation and to the world.
W. H. SHELOR.
About the Koreans.
Bordering the ba^-k )ard cf tl? t house
I occupy is a wall built over 3,000 years
ago; over in front and enclosing the
modern city of Pyeng-yang, a quarter of
a mile away, is a new one, some 600
years old. Iti keeping with these an-
cient landmarks there are customs
among the people which are much as
they were away down in those dim vistas.
The most noticeable of these is the hats.
When a Chinaman, named Kija, came
over here into Korea in 1122 B. C.
(about the time King David was ruling
in Judea) and commenced the civiliza-
tion which, with but few changes, we see
today, he found the tribes ferocious and
given to fighting one another. He
therefore made a law that all men must
wear broad-brimmed earthenware hats,
which, if broken in a brawl or fight,
meant decapitation of the wearer. To
this day the Koreans wear a frail horse-
hair or bamboo-woven gauze hat which
is very evidently an evolution of the
earthenware article of some 3,000 years
ago. As a people the first characteris-
tics, as I would write them, are: Disre-
gard of the truth; love of children and
family; a certain sense of humor; pro-
crastination and hospitality. As a na-
tion, mediocrity describes them exactly.
J. HUNTER WELLS, M. D.
CONDUCTED BY DOWNING, HOPKINS & CO.
The New York stock market has
passed through two trying experiences
during the month, and at the close prices
are from 4 to 10 points lower. However,
the "tone" is much improved and busi-
ness is in a much healthier condition.
* * * * *
Certain technical aspects of the cur-
rent stock market are well worthy of
consideration. Among these are the evi-
dent disposition of the general public to
pav less attention to the material situa-
tion and the outlook than to the real or
rumored position of the handful of oper-
ators and capitalists who are supposed to
dictate the course of prices. People
seem to be ignorant of the fact that
none of these gentlemen nor all of them
acting in combination are powerful
enough to influence permanently such
an enormous affair as the New York
stock market, even granting that they
should undertake to do so. Yet it is a
fact that the bulk of current speculative
ventures are based wholly upon some
idle rumor which generally develops
finally into "confidential information"
that the "Flowers," or the "Keenes," or
the "Standard Oil interests" are buying
or selling this or that stock. This form
of speculative hero-worship has become
so highly developed that consternation
spread through the stock exchange on
Tuesday when one of the most prominent
market "leaders" was alleged to have ob-
served that he did not propose to buy the
stocks with which his name is identified
from the public at the current level of
prices. On Wednesday the gentleman
in question repudiated the statement and
confidence was restored. All this re-
flects an unsettled and uncertain specu-
lative sentiment. With the introduction
of the new industrial stocks and the so-
called specialties to speculative attention
the public finds itself involved in securi-
ties which may or may not possess value,
and the public has no other means of as-
certaining whether they have or not be-
yond what it obtains from the tape. Yet
the daily transactions in stocks of this
class constitute the major portion of
each day's dealings in the stock market.
Such a state of things would only be
possible in a time like the present, when
the mania for speculation is acute.
Herein lies one of the real points of dan-
ger in the whole stock market situation.
But for the injection of this mass of half-
baked securities into the market in the
past few months, and notwithstanding
other circumstances that led prudent
operators to reduce their commitments,
it is probable that ere this the old class
of speculative favorites would have been
selling materially higher. But the pub-
lic has turned to the worship of strange
gods, and it remains to be seen what
manner of favor they will bestow.
The actual investment situation, how-
ever, is unshaken, and it is difficult to
imagine any change there that will seri-
ously unsettle present conditions. There
is nothing to cause alarm to the holders
of securities who have not invested in
pigs in bags.
The foreign wheat markets are show-
ing a much better tone. A Vienna cable
says in the greater part of Austria un-
seasonable weather prevails, resulting in
great damage to crops. There are also
reliable reports of drought in Russia and
Spain, and frosts in Germany. The bulk
"of the Argentine crop has been shipped
this month. Turning to America, our
advices from the southwestern states are
not of a flattering character as regards
the growing winter wheat.
*****
There have been good advances in the
price of silver, lead and copper. There
is apparently no diminuation in the de-
mand for staple goods, and prices not
only hold the advance already recorded,
but give indications of reaching a still
higher level.
FOR JUNE.
The Century —
Niagara Falls is strikingly illustrated
in the June issue. Castaigne is the artist
who supplies the pictures, This num-
ber also contains a fascinating article by
Henry van Dyke, entitled, "Fisherman's
Luck." Mr. van Dyke takes the readers
out into the woods, and introduces them
to nature in her fairest moods. There
is the glint of sunshine , the breath of
flowers, the sweep of winds and the
wash of singing waves, running
through his pages. "Fisherman's
Luck" is bright, healthful reading. In-
deed this particular number of the Cen-
tury has a charm that is simply irresis-
abl'e: it is just what it claims to be,
an "out of doors edition." It is June,
the glorious queen month of the year,
personified in all her rose-crowned
splendor. The Century will also issue
special numbers for July and August,
the first to be devoted to "Story-tell-
ers," the second to travel and mid-sum-
mer pursuits and pleasures. Each of
these editions will have illuminated cov-
ers and beautiful illustrations.
This year the Century registers Vol.
LVII. In November, 1870, Scribner's
Monthly made its initial appearance un-
der the editorial guidance of J. G. Hol-
land. It is rather interesting to note the
attitude of the author of "Seven Oaks"
toward the "New" woman question.
In "Topics of the Times," in this first
number, discussing the subject of wom-
an's work and wages, he asserts that
"Justice determines that man, as the
most capable and valuable laborer, shall
receive the most for his time." This he
holds to be a natural law, no more
to be affected by legislation than the
phases of the moon. Woman's "value
as a laborer is limited, and her wages
will be determined by her value as a
laborer at large." The opening chapters
of that unhappy story of George Mc-
Donald's "Wilfrid Cumbermede" also
appear in this first issue.
In May, 188 1, Scribner's Monthly be-
came the property of the Century Com-
pany, and in November of the same
year the name was changed to the "Cen-
tury."
LOVE AND BEAUTY.
What gain, did we give us ever
To love and beauty's care!
So would our hearts be gentle,
So our visions fair.
The winds have breath of the roses,
Over the roses blown;
Yea, the angels of heaven grow whiter
Looking on the throne.
— John Vance Cheney, in June Century.
The Cosmopolitan. —
Henry Thurston Peck, whose ar-
ticles "For Maids and Mothers," in the
Cosmopolitan have been attracting a
great deal of attention lately, is about to
have some exceptions taken to his state-
ments regarding the higher education of
women. The editor of this magazine
believes that people are interested in
hearing both sides of the question, and
has secured one of the brightest advo-
cates of the rights of women, Mrs.
Charlotte Perkins Stetson to reply to
Professor Peck. Her paper will appear
in the July number and will be a refuta-
tion of Professor Peck's "Women of
Today and of Tomorrow," which is pub-
lished this month, and in which he does
not spare the author of "In This Our
World." He complains that "man in
these days seems to be very largly ig-
nored by the fluent women who have
set before themselves the simple task of
revolutionizing human society by means
of several courses of popular lectures, a
book or two of essays, and a volume of
vehement verse." And after carefully
examining the whole subject from his
point of view, concludes that woman
96
THE TACIFIC MONTHLY.
holds and will ever hold the place that
has been rightfully hers from the begin-
ning of time. The evolution of a new
type is merely a chimera of the dissatis-
fied and disappointed mind. It will be
little short of exciting to see how Mrs.
Stetson will answer his arguments.
Frank R. Stockton's clever story of
the "Galleon," is quite as good as any-
thing he has written recently. And as
no publication is complete without some
mention of Cuba or the Philippines, the
Cosmopolitan contains an article de-
scriptive of the latter, with the usual
number of natives posing to be photo-
graphed. Aerial navigation is illustrated
in all its experimental progress. The air
ship, it would seem from Mr. H. B. Na-
son's explanation of recent inventions
and experiments, is one of the certain-
ties of the near future.
"Love's Gift" is a charming bit of
verse by John Vance Cheney, who is
in evidence in several periodicals this
month.
Scribner's —
In January, 1887, Charles Scribner's
Sons began the publication of the maga-
zine to which they gave the Scribner
name, and which ranks with Harper's
and the Century.
Harold Frederic's novel, "Settis Bro-
ther's Wife," that rather gruesome and
altogether unpleasant chronicle of alto-
gether unpleasant people first sees the
light of day through the pages of
the new Scribner's. Arlo Bates and
Austin Dobson furnish some very cred-
itable verse, and the public proved itself
on the whole very glad to welcome
this phoenix of literature. Since its first
number, under the management of the
sons of the founder of Scribner's Month-
ly, this magazine has more than held
its own and has published some of the
finest things that the literature of the
times has evolved.
One special feature of Scribner's is
the beauty of its cover designs, which
in every way correspond to its contents.
McClure's —
This magazine is in a way the most
progressive and enterprising of the peri-
odicals of the day. In many respects it
rivals the higher-priced publications.
The last of the Kipling stories which
have been an attractive feature during
the early part of the year appears in the
June number. McClure's without Kip-
ling would seem incomplete, for there
have been few issues during recent years
that have not contained something from
the prolific pen of the great literary cos-
mopolite. The June number is particu-
larly interesting and in the way of illus-
trations leaves little to be desired. Mc-
Clures is up-to-date and in all things ex-
cellent and unexceptionally good.
Harper's —
The publisher's notice to the first vol-
ume of Harper's Monthly Magazine an-
nounced a circulation of fifty thousand
copies at the end of the first six
months. This periodical is entitled to
be called the pioneer American maga-
zine. It made its first appearance in
June, 1880, and in many respects dif-
fered from the Harper's of today. In-
deed there is nothing really similar but
the name. In those early stages of its
development it contained a department
devoted to fashions. There was — to be
truthful — nothing that it did not con-
tain. Clippings from other publica-
tions, filled a generous half of its pages,
and the spirit of Dickens began almost
at once to brighten it with a promise of
greater things. "Bleak House" appeared
in Vol. IV, to be followed later by
"Our Mutual Friend." In 1853 "The
Newcomes" introduced Thackery.
What a charm lurks in those early
editions! It is like the almost forgotten
fragrance of those lusty roses that
bloomed in our grandmother's gardens,
healthfully stimulating, but not to be
compared to the faint, subtle perfume
of the complex and wonderful products
of rose gardens of today.
CONDUCTED BY E. C. PROTZMAN.
The 'Pacific SMonthly offers a year's sub-
scription to the person sending in the first solu-
tion to the chess problem given below:
WHITE— ( Fourteen Pieces) .
King at Q 8.
Queen at K Kt sq.
Rooks at Q B 2 and Q Kt 7.
Knights at Q 7 and Q R 7.
Bishops at Q R 3 and Q R 8.
Pawns at K R 7— K Kt 4— K B 2— K B 6—
K 3, and Q R 2.
BLACK— (Ten Pieces).
King at Q 4.
Rook at Q Kt 5.
Knights at K R 4 and Q B 8.
Bishops at Q B 6 and Q Kt 6.
Pawns at K Kt 2— K B 6— Q R 3, and
Q R 4.
\vhite to mate in three moves. The solu-
tion will he published in our July number.
To compel forgetfulness is
but one of Caiassa's virtues ; for Franklin
in his "Morals of Chess," has said: Con-
centration of mind patience, foresight
and perseverance, alike may be acquired
by playing chess." One of our great
statesmen says: "Valuable qualities of
the mind necessary to success in life are
strengthened and even formed by the
study of chess"; while an eminent Eng-
lish author declares: "Amenities of
manner and of the temper are gained by
the practice of chess playing."
While all this has been known from
time immemorial by chess devotees, it
has only been within the past decade that
any attempt in a practical form has been
made of making use of these attributes.
During the last few years the faculties of
our great colleges have been encourag-
ing and promoting the practice of chess
playing by their students, and the result
is that each year tournaments have oc-
curred between the different colleges.
We have been asked if Paul Morphy ever
attempted problem composing, and an ad-
mirer of the great chess master's genius, in
answer to the question, hands us the follow-
ing specimen by Morphy. From the Illus
trated American.
WHITE— (7 Pieces).
King— Q R 3; Queen K B 3; Kt— K R 5;
Pawns— K Kt 3-7, K 4 and Q R 5.
BLACK— (16 Pieces).
King— K Kt 3; Queen— K R 7; Rooks—
Q Kt sq and K 7; Knights— K B sq and
K Kt sq Bishops— Q B sq and K R sq;
Pawns— Q Kt 2 and 6, Q B 4, Q 2, K 2
and 3,K Kt 4 and K R 5.
SOLUTION.
1. Q K B 7— K X Q.
2. P X B becoming Kt ch— K K sq.
3. Kt K Kt 7 ch— K to Q sq.
4. Kt K B 7 ch— K to B 2.
5. Kt K 8 ch— K to B 3.
6. Kt K 5 ch— K to Kt 4.
7. Kt Q B 7 ch— K X P.
8. Kt Q B 5 mate.
We present for. the enjoyment of the young
student another of Paul Morphy's games—
this time where he gives the odds of Rook tc
his opponent.
Remove White Queen's Rook.
White — Morphy.
1. P K 4.
2. Kt K B 3.
3. B B 4.
4. Kt K Kt 5.
5. P X P.
6. Kt X K B P
7. Q K B 3 ch.
8. Kt Q B 3.
9. B X Kt ch.
10. Q B 7.
11. B X B.
12. Kt K 4 ch.
13. P Q B 4 ch.
14. Q X Kt.
Black — Mr.
1. P K 4.
2. Kt Q B 3.
3. K Kt B 3.
4. P Q 4.
5. Kt X P.
6. K X Kt.
7. K K 3.
8. Kt Q 5.
9. K Q 3.
10. B K 3.
11. Kt X B.
12. K Q 4.
13. K X Kt.
14. Q Q 5.
15. Q K Kt 4 ch (A). 15. K Q 6.
16. Q K 2 ch. 16. K B 7.
17. P Q 3 dis ch. 17. K X B.
18. Castles and mates
(B).
A — The student will note how prettily each
check connects up to the final coupe.
B — What an elegant ending.
His Heart Was Won.
A plainsman and his horse, a moun-
taineer and his dog, a spinster and her
cat, an Irishman and his pig — all these
suggest familiar opportunities of reach-
ing an owner's heart through his pet
animal.
The Nebraska State Journal says that
when Colonel Van Wyck, now of that
state, was running for congress many
years ago in the Fifteenth New York
district, there was a certain Irishman
who steadfastly refused to give the old
soldier any encouragement. The colonel
was greatly surprised, therefore, when
Pat informed him on election day that
he had concluded to support him.
"Glad to hear it, glad to hear it," said
the colonel; "I rather thought you were
against me, Patrick."
"Well, sir," said Patrick, "I wuz; and
whin ye stud by me pig-pen and talked
that day fur two hours or worse, ye
didn't budge me a hair's breadth, sir;
but after ye wuz gone away I got to
thinking how ye reached yer hand over
the fence and scratched the pig on the
back till he laid down wid the pleasures
of it, and I made up me mind that whin
a rale colonel was as sociable as that, I
wasn't the man to vote agin him."
College Amenities.
Some very amusing tales are told of
the pranks that college men play upon
each other, and the friendly rivalry that
exists between the different classes is
often the cause of the most unusual and
daring expedients being employed to
accomplish some fantastic end.
A good instance of this is related of
the rivalry between the law and literary
departments of the University of Mich-
igan to possess an immense carved
stone which had been presented to
the university some years ago by an
alumnus of the law department. He had
been moved to add to a pile of stones
which the university students had been
holding in veneration, and accordingly
sent to the university an immense piece
of granite from Northern Michigan. On
its arrival the stone was duly placed
where it properly belonged. The law
students, however, were not satisfied.
They thought that since it had been pre-
sented to the university by a graduate
of their department that it should be
placed in front of the law buildings. Ac-
cordingly, fifty or sixty of them got to-
gether one night and carefully removed
the grass in sods so that no traces of
their work would be seen. After labor-
ing nearly all the night, their task was
accomplished, and the next morning the
university was astounded to see the im-
mense stone resting peacefully in front
of the law department and no traces
whatever of its removal apparent, the
sods having been carefully replaced.
. This was too much for the literary de-
partment, and such presumption must
not go unchecked. So, without a word
of comment, an equal or greater num-
ber from this department worked and
sweated all night over the stone, until it
was in front of the literary department,
and the university received another
shock the following morning.
The rivalry between the two depart-
ments was now at a fever heat, and the
following morning found the stone back
in its old place, but sunk half way into
the ground, and covered with tar. It was
thought then that this would settle it,
but not so. The literary department was
bound to get even, and by might and
main was successful in extracting the
stone from the cavity, notwithstanding
the tar, and buried it almost completely
in front of its buildings, wedging it in
with smaller stones and wood. The com-
ing legal lights were not to be downed
by this, however.
'They held a council of war, and the
following night dug up the stone, car-
ried it over to their building and burried
it so deeply and securely that it was
'DRIFT.
99
never seen again from that time.
Such friendly contests as these have
heretofore been confined to the students
of one college. It has remained, how-
ever, for Standard and Berkeley to ex-
tend them so that the two universities
are now pitted against each other. It
was, of course, wholly unintentional on
their part to bring this condition about,
and the outcome is yet problematical.
It seems that Stanford has been los-
ing in its athletic contests this year, and
the students, to ward off the "hoodoo,"
as they call it, had an axe of tremendous
size made, and carried it with them to
San Francisco for the last baseball game
of the season. This they were to exhibit
as they yelled to their players: —
Give 'em the axe,
The axe, the axe,
Give 'em the axe,
The axe, the axe,
Give 'em the axe,
Give 'em the axe,
Give 'em the axe.
WHERE?
Right in the neck,
The neck, the neck,
Right in the neck,
The neck, the neck,
Right in the neck,
Right in the neck,
Right in the neck,
THERE!
As one would naturally suppose this
"riled" the Berkeley boys', and "rattled"
their players. The Stanford contingent
was in high glee, when a crowd of Berke-
leyites swooped down upon them ahd
took the axe away. Having a compara-
tively small representation, Stanford had
to take her medicine with the best grace
possible, while Berkeley shouted itself
hoarse, and won the game.
Of course there was gloom at Palo
Alto when all this became known. Stan-
ford vowed vengeance and waited her
opportunity." It was soon found. A year
or so ago a good deal was being said
about the famous Yale fence, and as the
Berkeley students read — the desire grew
upon them to have a fence, too. So they
got themselves together, collected funds
and built a most elaborate fence which
they painted the college colors, and then
dedicated with the most solemn cere-
monies. There was nothing at Berkelev
upon which the students fastened more
admiring glances than that fence. It was
the apple of their eyes, and here was
Stanford's opportunity. A daring plan
was conceived to take the fence "bodily"
and bring it to the Stanford campus.
Accordingly four squads of men were
selected, and each given a specific duty.
They left Stanford one dark night, and
arrived at Berkeley at about I A. M.
The town watchman discovered one
squad, and thinking that it might be up
to some mischief, followed it and was led
into the mountains. The others, mean-
while, secured the fence without any dif-
ficulty, and taking it hurriedly apart,
loaded it upon a wagon. They proceeded
with care through the villages in the
early morning, and by noon were safe
from detection or pursuit. At one of the
railroad stations a message was sent to
the university that they were coming —
with the fence! The greatest enthusiasm
that the university has seen since the
government suit was won, followed.
'Bus load after 'bus load of students
went to meet the tired and sleepy, but
happy, men who had avenged the axe.
The university band met the procession
at the university entrance, and led it tri-
umphantly to the "Quad — " the inner
court of the university buildings. Reci-
tations were forgotten, and the students
went mad with enthusiasm as only stu-
dents can, and at this writing Berkeley's
fence adorns the Stanford campus.
W. B. W.
The story is so good that of course it
isn't true, but it runs to the effect that
"Mr. Dooley" (Peter Dunne) met Rich-
ard Harding Davis in Chicago several
weeks ago.
"Do you know," said Mr. Davis, "that
from reading your works I expected to
see a big, brawny, red-faced Irishman,
with red chin-whiskers?"
"Strange!" replied Dunne. "My ex-
pectation, based upon reading your
books, was to find you dressed in a pink
shirt waist." — Literary Digest.
"I don't believe," remarked a little
nine-year-old recently, "that Queen Vic-
100
THE PACIFIC €MONTHLY.
toria can be so very good, for her ances-
tors were so very bad."
"But the Queen is not responsible for
her ancestors, and she does not have to
be like them. Suppose, for instance, your
grandfather was a scoundrel — "
"You must remember," interrupted the
little girl, drawing herself up proudly,
"that my grandfather was a gentleman.
Do you suppose my grandma would
have married him if he hadn't been
A Young Man's Love.
"The love of a young man is like an
ill-trained dog, and led away by every
vagrant trail" is the opinion of Mr. Fred-
eric L. Wheeler, a clever writer of very
clever short stories. It is not difficult to
differ with Mr. Frederic L. Wheeler,
who may be, and doubtless is himself a
young man who speaks from the fullness
of personal experience, though on calm-
er consideration it is not the truth of his
statement that we would challenge but
rather his manner of putting it. A
young man's love is always a beautiful
evanescent sort of a passion, like the
flutter of brilliant butterfly wings in the
sunshine of a summer afternoon, like the
dance of a field of golden butter-cups in
the softening winds of April — or, like
any sweet and pleasant thing that
charms the senses briefly and passes with
the hour. Mr. Frederic L. Wheeler has
the idea correctly enough, but his com-
parison is odious. And this seeming
inconstancy is, after all, not a serious
affair. The young man is in pursuit of an
ideal, and in his youthful ignorance he is
always fondly imagining that he has
found it, and just as often discovering
his mistake. In one sense his incon-
stancy is really constancy — for he
is, through a series of illusions and
disillusions true to his ideal — and
he is in nine cases out of ten more
deeply and abidingly in love with him-
self, albeit unconsciously, than he will
ever be with anyone or anything on the
young side of his thirty-fifth birthday.
And when you come to know the young
man well — the right sort, we mean, of
course, you cannot wonder at this, or
blame him.
ORAAKV.
Work and Genius.
All forms of work are really automatic,
or can be made so. Once train the mind
to know that at a certain hour of each
day it must begin to work in a certain
way and after a while it will do so at a
word. The slightest finger-touch of pur-
pose will start the machinery. What the
youth has to do is to break himself into
this habit of work; and when once the
process is complete it need never be re-
peated.
Another example, — perhaps an unex-
pected one, — of the faculty of genius for
work we find in Rudyard Kipling. Most
people suppose that such stories as his
must depend a good deal on inspired
moments; that the sort of man who
could write them is a meditative onlook-
er, watching the play of" life from some
calm retreat.
What are the facts? Rudyard Kipling
owes everything to work. He has led
one of the hardest and most strenuous of
lives. Of course, he has genius, imag-
inative power, observation ; but they have
been tiained and developed in the school
of hard work. — The Saturday Evening
Post.
Mistaken Identity.
Bret Harte is so frequently compli-
mented as the author of "Little
Breeches," that he is almost as sorry it
was ever written as is Colonel John Hay,
who would prefer his fame to rest on
more ambitious work. A gushing lady
who prided herself upon • her literary
tastes said to him once: "My dear Mr.
Harte, I am so delighted to meet you.
I have read everything you ever wrote,
but of all your dialect verse there is none
that compares to your 'Little Breeches.'"
"I quite agree with you, madam," said
Mr. Harte, "but you have put the little
breeches on the wrong man." — Current
Literature.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
THE CELEBRATED
Oregon Blood Purifier
Is a benefit to the human race. KEEP UP YOUTH,
HEALTH, VIGOR by the use of Dr. Pfunder's Ore-
gon Blood Purifier. Quick and complete cure of
all diseases of the Skin, Kidneys, Bladder and Liver. It TRADE
checks Rheumatism, Malaria, relieves Constipation,
Dyspepsia and Biliousness, and puts fresh energy into
thesy-tem by making New Rich Blood. Take it in
time, right now, as it cannot be beat as a preventative
of disease. Sold preferable and used everywhere. $1.00 v ,
a bottle; six for $5.00. Guaranteed. Tested. True. Young but
NUMEROUS DIPLOMAS AWARDED.
Manufactured by
WM. PFUNDER, Active Chemist,
No. 1738.
March 25, 1987.
PORTLAND,
OREGON.
MARK
Thriving.
Amongst the minor ills of life {
One of the very 'worst is laundry ivork that is badly done. It not only uses up the
cloth rapidly, but it destroys the temper and gives one an unsatisfactory appearance
'where finish is most needed. <£& Starched linen collars, shirts and cuffs must be un-
questionably immaculate, done 'with no risk, a certainty as to result.
THE UNION LAUNDRY
has come to represent this to men 'who make any effort at all to dress 'well. Those
•who have not tried us 'will find that it 'will pay them to do so. Send a postal or tele-
phone, and ive 'will call.
Telephones S Columbia 5o4, UNION LAUNDRY COMPANY,
I Telephones j 0regon> Albina 4I s3 Randolph Street.
Insure your property tuith the
Home Insurance Co*
....Of New York
Cash Capital, $3,000,000.00.
The Great American Fire Insurance
Company.
Assets aggregating over $12,000,000 00. ALL
available lor American Policy Holders.
J. D. COLE/WAN, General Agent,
JuHN H. BURGARD,
SPECIAL AGENT.
250 Stark Street,
POKTLAND, OR.
ELOF JOHNSON
Ladies' and Gentlemen's
TAILOR
Room 602
Dekum Building
PORTLAND, ORE.
B«fore Using
about Corns....
What 15 & Com? Physicians call H a Claviia, a caloufl
or horny thickening of the skin, over a joint in a toe. with a central core
or "kernel". A corn cut in half would look Tory much like this
A-Th* Corn. y
B—Tto "ZoratL"
C—Stct of F.ma.
F-Jomt of Tim
What PrOdUCeS a Corn? PRESSURE Not necessarily
that the shoe is tight -but while apparently roomy, does, at some position
during walking, press upon one spot; the result is a "CORN."
Having a Corn, what shall i do for it? Ah:
now there is the question. Some people pare them, getting a little tempor-
ary relief, but stimulating the corn to twice as rapid growth — Well, here
is a clear and colorless fluid called
Willamette Corn Cure
ftUMOTl C0R1 CURE
ITjWILl.KtnOVC . COKW . HK0 . LIH11
For Sale by OKCcntsPer
~*' ■ B
all Druggists.
KHTMf\. , JKII« .. II- . IT1 1 PL/ICC
For Sale by
Bo,,le all Druggisis
WIUMTTE CORN CWi
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
CARRIES A FULL LINE OF
MOTORS from One-half Horse Power Up
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kinds
of Machinery.
ARC and INCANDESCENT LIGHTING.
Electric and Bell Wiring a Specialty.
Electric Supplies
SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
COR. SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
+++++<
♦
4
First-Class
Laundry Work^^e^
The American Laundry is fitted
up 'with every article conductive to
first-class work. These facilities,
combined voith care and promptness,
insure satisfaction to our customers.
If you have not tried us, let us call
for an order and convince you.
I
American Laundry,
Cor. 12th and Flanders.
Down Town Office
Both Phones 85 J. 291 Washington Street.
++++ »♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ »♦+++♦++ ♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦-
Established 1885.
^Portlanb (garble Storks
SCHANEN &. NEU.
Estimates given on application.
268 FIRST STREET,
Bet. Madison and Jefferson, PORTLAND, OR.
MARK TWAIN
Said we ought to be thankful that
we have any weather at all.
OREGON'S WEATHER
is a pleasure when you carry one of
MEREDITH'S
SCIENTIFIC UMBRELLAS.
We are exclusive dealers in Umbrellas. Repair work
done promptly and carefully. We make old
umbrellas as good as new.
312 Washington Street,
Portland, Oregon.
H. H. WRIGHT -«5 asys.p, I
General Musical Merchandise
Sole Agent for
The Celebrated "REGAL" Guitars and Mandolins
"REG1NA" Music Boxes and "Gramophones."
§
Cor. Seventh S£
TT9TftVVTTVrTtfTfVVTVVV»TTfTT
<A good stock of records
to select from.
335 Washington St.,
Artistic Effects in Photography <£ «g «g
<Are demanded novo as never before.
We have all of the up-to-date methods
for securing this result.
MOORE'S
Dekum Building, Portland, Or.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
a
Best Work at Least Possible Cost.
M
PER TOOTH
Crown and Bridge Work (22 K Gold) $4.50
Best Set Teeth, Rubber - - $5.00
(The same as you pay $io for elsewhere.)
Best Gold Fillings ■ ■ - $1.00 up
Best Alloy Fillings • - • 50c up
Teeth Extracted, painless, by our new
method .... 50c
All work guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction. Medo not attempt to enter into competition with
cheap dental work, made principally by inexperienced students. Our work will bear your
closest inspection. It will pay you to call and see us before having work done.
dr. jones, M,n,g<, PORTLAND DENTAL PARLORS, co^trl'^Sfests.
Trie Biumauer-FranR Drug Co.
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
F0RniNE5ANsDToM^NG
see ROGERS & ROGERS,
Real Estate and Mining,
Room 304
BROKERS
Spokane, Wash.
Fernwell Blk.
20 *~Potlfl(l*\ ^y Granulated Sugar
■ for one dollar
With all general orders of
GROCERIES.
A. HEWITT,
374 Washington St.
PHOENIX bicycles ^^^
"THEY STAND THE RACKET."
PRICE, $40.00 & $50.00.
Golden Eagle Bicycles
BEST $30.00 LIST WHEEL
ON THE MARKET
Clipper Chainless Bicycles
LIST PRICE $75.00
A Superior Article in the Chainless Line.
Call and examine, or send for Catalogues.
MITCHELL, LEWIS & STAVER CO.
First and Taylor Streets, PORTLAND, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertieert kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Art Designs «a* Panel Effects
Special Colorings in Wall cPapert cRpom
Mouldings, etc., can be had from E. H.
Moorehouse & Company. It is they ivho are
getting up the odd effects in dainty stripes and
panels. Special Tinting Friezes in raised or
fresco effects £• J> £>
Write or call for samples and prices.
Estimates given. Work done in all parts of the Northwest.
~e; h. moorehouse & company"-
305 Alder Street Portland, Oregon •
X
The latest fad
Carbons on porcelain
HYLAND
Photographer
Corner of Seventh and
Washington Sts.
^^^•^•^^^^^^r^^**^^^i^^*i^^^^?^*^*r$^^^^fc
-♦"♦~V^r>-»-*H
-♦+♦<
► ♦♦»"
Downing, Hopkins & Co.
♦♦♦ BROKERS ♦♦♦
Chicago
Board of Trade.
New York
Stock Exchange.
Continuous market quotations at principal centers of trade received
over our own wires. Branch offices at Seattle, Tacoma, Spokane,
Walla Walla, Colfax, Wash., Vancouver and Victoria, B. C.
CORRESPONDENCE INVITED.
Head Office, Chamber of Commerce,
Portland, Ore.
♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦♦♦♦
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
+ 4 + »»♦ H ♦♦♦» + » + ♦♦♦ H M H ♦♦♦»♦» + + ♦.♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
:
The "BEST"
+
t Incandescent Vapor Gas Light
4 100 candle
♦ power at a cost
X lessthan^ cent
J per hour.
f
X S0% cheaper
$i than kerosene.
:
i
:
AvA
77>e Cheapest
and Strongest Light
on Earth
No Smoke.
No Pipes Necessary.
Hang Anywhere.
No Odor.
No Flicker.
No Wicks.
Superior to Gas, Electricity or Acetylene.
ABSOLUTELY
SAFE —
(Agents wanted in Oregon and Washington,
ON EXHIBIT AT
l88 Third St., Portland, Oregon.
THE "BEST" INCANDESCENT LAMP CO.
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦MtH ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦HHMM
When dealing with oar advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
UNION
DESIGNING-
'HALF TONES
ZINC ETC KINO
COLOR ,WORK
^SPECIALTY
HOME
5303-
525
Market st-
ill
ill
I*
m
I
1
s3
SAN FRANCISCO, CAL
'•oao«o*oao«oao«o«o«oaoaoaoao*oao«o«o«o«o«c«o«o«o«c«o«o«o«o«o*r«c«oec«c*ca
■ C: •••■•• «
c«o?8
«
Oregon Phone
Clay 931.
Colombia
Phone 307.
)£llis flMntin$ Co*
ESTABLISHED IN 1887.
PRINTERS
PUBLISHERS
STEREOTYPERS
(Anything in the Printing line, from a card to a catalogue.
105 FIRST STREET,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
APPROPRIATE FRAMING A SPECIALTY
307 WASHINGTON STREET
Bet. Fifth and Sixth, PORTLAND. OREGON
I W.C. Noon Bag Co. £
i
INCORPORATED 1S93.
Manufacturers and Importers of
Bags, Twines, Tents and Awnings,
Flags and Mining Hose.
BAG PRINTING
A SPECIALTY.
32-34 First St. North and 210-21 2-21 4-21 6 Couch St.
Portland, Oregon.
<3uaranteefc Circulation
In a First-Class Field
COVERED EXCLUSIVELY BY THE PACIFIC MONTHLY
This is what The Pacific Monthly is offering
to Eastern adversers looking for a medium
for reaching the Pacific Northwest.
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
pqTsyq^^FTCTR AND gxHEJEISR
Telephone 37' ■
105, 107, 1074 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
"yiVnf *v 4 « 4- * V Agents in every city and town in the Northwest to
Vl\r%CH ICw-vJ ♦♦♦ solicit subscriptions for the Pacific Monthly. Salary
jfj^j^jfjeaf jTK'af'af'jtf'aCaO or commission. Write us at once for particulars.
Address Subscription Department, The Pacific Monthly,
Macleay Building, Portland, Oregon.
VVfe call for, sponge, press and deliver one suit of
your clothing each week for $1.00 per month.
Unique Tailoring Co., 124 6th St.
Oregon 'Phone M. 514
Columbia 'Phone 736.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
P UBLISHERS' A NNO UNCEMEN T.
* I 'HE publishers of The Pacific Monthly desire to make the Magazine unique
* among the literary publications of the day. With this end in view, new depart-
ments will be added from time to time, and every effort made to conduct them along
original and interesting lines.
It is evident, however, that this object can be more immediately accomplished by
giving the magazine a distinctive western flavor. Accordingly we call for manuscript
relating
PIONEER EXPERIENCES, ANECDOTES,
STORIES OF CROSSING THE PLAINS,
RECEPTIONS BY THE INDIANS,
LOCATING THE NEW HOME,
THE NEW ENVIRONMENT,
ADVENTURES AND ROMANCES OF THE NEW GENERATION,
INDIAN LEGENDS, EARLY CHARACTERS,
THE GROWTH OF A CITY,
LIFE IN THE EARLY VILLAGE,
THE INFLUENCE OF THE INDIAN, ETC., ETC.
Almost every pioneer in the Northwest holds in memory some interesting fact
which has come into his life, or has been told him by others, and the telling of it at
this time will be of intense interest to the world. We hope, therefore, for a very
liberal response to this call
Manuscript or letters 1 elating to any of these subjects, or along the lines they sug-
gest, will receive prompt and careful consideration. .
Any suggestions in regard to these articles, or any ideas relating to any depart-
ment in the Magazine, will be gratefully received. Address^ all correspondence to
The Pacific Monthly, Macleay Bldg., Portland, Or.
I SPEAKING OF SHOES "
a cHcrw is the time
S to think about sum-
mer weights. We
have them, and at
prices that are
sure to suit.
q We also ha<ve some special lines of
heavy nveight shoes ivhich
tv e are closing out.
If you're quick, you'll get a
bargain.
LEO SELLING j* 167 third st.
fr??«???*???????????¥9??????93t
.uxurious I ravel
THE "North-Western Limited" trains,
electric lighted throughout, both inside
and out, and steam heated, are, with-
out exception, the finest trains in the world.
They embody the latest, newest and best
ideas for comfort, convenience and luxury
ever offered the traveling public, and al-
together are the most complete and splen-
did production of the Car Builders' art.
THESE SPLENDID TRAINS
CONNECT WITH
The Great Northern
The Northern Pacific and
The Canadian Pacific
AT ST. PAUL, FOR
CHICAGO and the EAST.
No extra charge for these superior accommo-
dations and all classes of tickets are available for
passage on the famous" North-western Limited."
All trains on this line are protected by the Inter-
locking Block system.
W. H. MEAD,
GEN'L AGENT
PORTLAND, OR.
The North-Western Line.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
XVII
| PASTEURIZED and PURIFIED
DAIRY PRODUCTS
*cfr
IN
BRAITHWAITE'S
RETROSPECT
For July, 1898
May be found on
Page. 21, the follow-
ing from a paper by
Dr. Allan MacFayden,
published in the
Practitioner for June,
1898
e«£
" If we consider that children are most
liable to intestinal tuberculosis, and are the
great milk consumers of the community, it will
be seen that from the preventive point of view,
it is milk supervision that is of the greatest
moment to the public health.
The danger is much less from meat, as has
been experimentally shown, and the danger can
be rendered practically nil by adequate super-
vision of trimming and dressing operation in
slaughter houses.
It is the consumption of raw milk that con-
stitutes the chief channel of infection, and this
can be overcome by simply heating milk up to
the boiling point. As already stated the butter
and cheese made from the milk of tuberculous
animals may contain the tubercle bacilli.
It is to be regretted that pasteurizing pro-
cesses are not in general operation where large
quantities of milk intended for dairy and food
purposes are concerned.
This procedure would have the effect not
only of destroying tubercle bacilli, but also
other sources of infection from milk to which
children are liable, while at the same time a
distinct advantage would be gained in the man-
ufacture of butter and cheese."
The Kaupisch Creamery Co.
(Incorporated.)
Has put in a complete plant for manufacturing
Pasteurized and Purified Dairy Products
of all kinds.
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
380-382 Washington St.
BOTH PHONES 154.
Portland, Oregon.
«i<^»» r» '#»**» » 5^i^i^^^^$^^^-^^g- yyffVVVV * * * » 9 9 V 9V 9 9 9 99 V 9 9' 9 9 9 9 9 V TV 9
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦MM
I #^ 2 Overland Trains Daily 2 $%> l
-THE
YELLOWSTONE PARK % DINING CAR LINE. I
+
...When going to the... ♦
BUFFALO HUMP MINING COUNTRY,
| ™TEHE NORTHERN PACIFIC, &~*. j
Direct service to the GOLD FIELDS of British Columbia, ♦
via SPOKANE, WASH. +
Tickets sold to all points
in the United States and Canada.
Telephone Main 244.
A. D. CHARLTON, ^
Assistant General Passenger Agent, +
255 Morrison St., Cor. Third, %
Portland, Oregon. +
THE MAGNIFICENT SCENERY
OF
COLUMBIA RIVER
The most beautiful in the world, can best be seen
from the steamers "DALLES CITY" and
"REGULATOR" of the
"REGULATOR LINE
DO NOT MISS THIS.
9t
Steamers leave Portland, Oak St. Dock, 7 a. m., daily,
except Sunday, for The Dalles, Cascade Locks, Hood
River and way landings.
C. G. THAYER, AGT.,
Oak St. Dock, Portland.
(Phone 914.)
W. C. ALLAWAY,
Gen. Agt ,
The Dalles, Or.
Ore.— PHONES 734— Col
Model Laundry Company
308 MADISON STREET,
Between Fifth and Sixth
PORTLAND,
OREGON
THE ONLY LINE
—OFFERING-
TWO Routes from Portland.
THREE Routes through Colorado.
FOUR Routes east thereof.
The Grandest Mountain Scenery in America
by daylight.
Personally conducted tourist excursions
through to the east without change of cars.
Free Reclining Chair Cars in all trains.
New and Elegant Equipment.
Perfect Dining Car Service
STOPOVER IN UTAH OR COLORADO
GRANTED ON ALL CLASSES OP TICKETS.
No trouble to answer questions.
M.J.ROCHE, J.D.MANSFIELD,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
253 Washington St., Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertisers kinily mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Columbia River & Puget Sound Navigation Co.
Portland and Astoria
€teamers Telephone or Bailey Gatzert leave foot Alder
Street daily (except Sunday;, 7 A. M.
Leave Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
U. B. SCOTT, President
fit
WINTER SCHEDULE-Daily
Train No. 22 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 13:15 p. m.
Train No, 24 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m.( arrives at
Astoria at 11:10 p. m.
Return
Train No. 21 leaves Astoria at 8.00 a. m., arrives in
Portland at 12:15 P- m-
Train No. 23 leaves Astoria at 6:30 p. m. and arrives
in Portland at 10:35 p. m.
Train No. 22 runs through to Seaside, leaving Seaside
on the return at 2:50 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia Kiver K. R. Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:00 p. m., arriving at
Astoria at 12:15 P- m aud 11:10 p. m. Leaving for Sea-
side at 12:20 p. 111.
GO EAST VIA
Oregon Short Line Railroad
THE DIRKCT ROUTE TO
Montana, Utah, Colorado
and all Eastern and Southern Points.
Affordine choice of two routes, via the UNION
PACIFIC Fast Mail Line or the RIO
GRANDE Scen.c Lines through Colorado.
LOOK AT THE TIME
I \ DAYS TO SALT LAKE
1\ DAYS TO DENVER
3-J DAYS TO CHICAGO
44 DAYS TO NEW YORK
Free Reclining Chair Cars, Upholstered Tour-
ist Sleeping Cars, and Pullman Palace Sleep-
ers operated on all trains.
For further information, apply to
C. O. TERRY, W. E- COMAN,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
124 Third St., Portland, Or.
EAST ) ■ SOUTHERN
via PACIFIC
* COMPANY
AND.
LEAVE Depot, Fifth and I Sts. ARRIVE
"* 6 oop. m.
* 8 30 a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
t 7 30 a. m.
I 450p.m.
OVERLAND EX-1
PRESS, for Salem,
Roseburg, Ashland,
Sacramento, Ogden,
San Francisco, Mo-
jave, Los Angeles. HI
Paso, New Orleans
I, and the East.
Roseburg Passenger. . . .
f Via Wood burn fori
f Mt. Angel, Siherton,
< West Scio, Browns- >
1 ville, Springfield I
I. and Natron. J
Corvallis Passenger
Independence Pass'ng'r
9 30 a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
J 5 5° P- m-
1 8 25 a. m.
* Daily, t Daily except Sunday.
Direct connection at San Franci-co with Occi-
dental and Oriental and Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND CHINA. Sailing dates
on application.
Rates and tickets to eastern points and Eu-
rope, also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA, can be obtained from J. B.
KIRKLAND, Ticket Agent, 134 Third St.
Yamhill Division: — Passenger Depot foot of
Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a. m.;
12:30, 1:55, 3:25, 5:15, 6:25, 8:05, 11:30 p. m., and 9:00
a. m. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland
daily at 6:35*, 8:30, 10:50* a. m; 1:35, 3:15, 4:30, 6:20,
740, 9:15 p. m.; 12:40 a. m. daily except Monday
and 10:05 a. m. o Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, exeept Sunday, at
4:30 p. m. Arrive at Portland at 0:30 a. m.
Leave for Airlie Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays at 8:40 a. m. Arrive at Portland Tues-
days, Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
* Except Sunday.
«. KOEHLER, C. H. MARKHAM,
Manager. Gen. F. & P. Agt.
0. R. & N.
Fast Mail
8:00 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
2:10 p. m.
d:oo p. m.
8:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
Saturday
10:00 p.m.
6:00 a. m.
Ex.Sunday
7:00 a. m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
6:00 a. m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Lv. Riparia
1:45 a. m.
Daily
Ex. Sat.
TIME SCHEDULES
FROM PORTLAND.
Salt Lake, Denver, Ft.
Wonh, Omaha, Kan-
sas City, St. Louis,
Chicago and East.
Walla Wall', Spokane,
Minneapolis, St. Paul,
Duluth, Milwaukee,
Chicago and East.
itrran Steamships.
All sailing dates subject
to change.
For San Francisco —
Sail every five days.
Columbia River
St amers.
To Astoria and Way
Landings.
Fast Mail
6:45 p. m.
Spokane
•Flyer
8:30 a. m.
4:00 p. m.
Ex.Sunday
Willamette Hir^r.
Oregon City, Newberg, S'^Z^'T'
Salem & Way Landings Ex.bunaay
Willamette and
YamhUI Kir -is.
Oregon City, Dayton
and Way Landings.
Willamette Hirer.
Portland to Corvallis
and Way Landings.
Snake It:
3:30 p. m.
Mon. Wed.
and Fri.
4:30 p: m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Lv. Lewis-
t'-n 5-45
Ripai ia to Lewiston. *• m. daily
r Ex. Friday
V. A. SCHILLING. W. H. HURI.BURT,
City Ticket Agt., Gen'l. Pass. Agt.
254 Washington St., Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
^MHIH»MHMHHtHHHMIMMIttttlHIMttMtMHHHMM|'
" No Community Is Prosperous Whose People are Not Employed*'
I You Need Our Factories!!
-<►
T~\ i t VOU preach this doctrine, now practice it. You say you -►
±3tTOt'llZ£ love your home, now show it. You say the community ^
should be more prosperous, keep your money at home. You
admit we manufacture over four hundred articles of impor-
T-4s\***s> tance as cheaply as in Eastern or foreign markets — why not
llOTThO buy them? You admit that Chicago and other thrifty cities
not so far away were made so by enterprising citizens; fol-
T 1 * low their example. You speak of the patriotism of the whole
If^rjfi crt+\\ people, hence show unselfish devotion to the manufacturing
lFL\J.U^Liy | industries of Oregon.
M. ZAN, President
E. H. K1LHAM, Vice Pres.
I
R. J. HOLMES, Treasurer
C. H. MclSAAC, Secretary
4»MMMMM4»M»MMMM ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦»♦
pii competition
<^picTO^V;
As regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
The Favorite Transcontinental Ifaute Between
the Northwest and all Points East.
Choice of Two Routes Through the FAMOUS
^^ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY
And Four Routes Fast of Pueblo and Denver
All Passengers granted a day stop-over in
the Mormon Capitol or anywhere between
Ogden and Denver. Personally conducted
Tourist Excursions three days a week to
OMAHA, KANSAS CITY, ST. LOUIS,
CHICAGO and the EAST.
For Tickets and any Information regarding Rates,
Routes, etc., or for Descriptive Advertising Matter,
call on Agents of Oregon Railway & Navigation
Co. Oregon Short Line or Southern Pacific
Companies.
S. K. HOOPER, R. C. NICHOL,
Gen . Pass. & Ticket Agt. Gen. Agt ., 251 Wash Si
DENVER, COL. PORTLAND, ORE.
JUST THINK!
3/^ days with no change to Chicago
4}4 days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN:
Trains are Illuminated by Pintsch Gas,
run into Union Depots, and Baggage
Is checked through to Destination.
Lowest Rates.
For Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
J. H. LOTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. Agent
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
When dealing with our advertiser kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
V
N0
I Do You Like ^ ^ ^
1 A Luxurious Meal? $
/IN W
/IN ,«<j«j«j«j«jcji S?r
/IN N»/
/in Nl/
I "TIGER BRAND" $
/j\ Pure Spices \f^
/»n Nl/
/IS "OUR BEST" v«?
$ Roasted Coffee JjjjJ
/IN
/IN
J "KUSALANA" |
/|N Ceylon Tea \W
/IN Nl/
N»
...<Are Items... $
/IN <£«$«» *vhich <will aid materially *£>£<£ Nl/
/IN N»/
/IN Nl/
* *
I
/IN
ASK YOUR GROCER FOR
... THEM ...
THE FIRST TIME YOU SEE HIM.
SManufadured and yli
•&/</ by J> J> J> t|>
N«/
/IN Nl/
! CORBITT & MACLEAY CO. I
/IN SI/
/|\ Portland. Oregon, >v
/IN Nl/
SEND TO US FOR PRICES ON
We arc Manufacturers or the
Celebrated
Maltese Gross Brand
of Rubber Belt 0
Ajax Brand Cotton
Mill Hose...
Rubber and
Leather
Belting...
AS
87-89 FIRST STREET, PORTLAND, ORE.
RUSSELL & CO.
A. H. AVERILL,
MANUFACTURERS OF
High Grade,
Engines, Boilers,
Saw Mills,
Threshers...
Estimates furnished on Stearn Plants of all Sizes and for
any purpose. Write for Catalogues.
RUSSELL & CO., = Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertitert, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly
THE GRAND COULEE,
By CAPTAIN CLEVELAND ROCKWELL.
1
iwci
Volume II
Number 3
TEN CENTS A COPY * J- J J> J ONE DOLLAR A YEAR
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUBLISHING COMPANY
PUBLISHERS j* J> * J> j* J- J> J> PORTLAND, OREGON
"PHERE is a clear troth in the idea that a struggle from
the lower classes of society, towards the upper regions
and rewards of society, must ever continue. Strong men
are born there, who ought to stand elsewhere than there.
The manifold, inextricably complex, universal struggle of
these constitutes, and must constitute, what is called the
progress of society . . . How to regulate that struggle?
There is the whole question. To leave it as it is, at the
mercy of blind chance; a whirl of distracted atoms, one
cancelling the other . . . this, as we said, is clearly
enough the worst regulation. The best, alas, is far from
And yet there can be no doubt but it is coming ; ad-
us.
vancing on us, as yet hidden in the bosom of centuries:
this is a prophecy one can risk.
Carlyle.
A NEW REMEDY FOR TRUSTS,
By JUDGE J. W. WHALLEY.
DO YOU BUY DRUGS...
Toilet Articles, Soaps or Perfumes, or any of the thousand and one articles
carried by a drug firm? Then let us send you our cut-rate catalogue.
IT WILL SA VE YOU "DOLLARS.
Does Photography interest you? Let us send you our Photographic Catalogue.
We carry the largest and most complete stock on the Coast
Woodard, Clarke & Co.,
FOURTH AND WASHINGTON STS.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
GOODYEAR RUBBER COMPANY.
We carry in stock a complete assortment of RUBBER GOODS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
ANY STYLE. ANY SIZE. ANY QUANTITY.
J* J* J
MACKINTOSHES
Crack Proof—
—Snag Proof
RUBBER
BOOTS
Druggists'
Rubber
Goods
j*j*j*
BOOTS AND SHOES
u GOLD SEAL"
BELTING
PACKING
AND HOSE
Rubber
and OH
Clothing
R. H. PEASE. Vice-President and Manager,
73 and 75 FIRST STREET, Jt PORTLAND, OREGON.
AVERY & CO.
FURNITURE AND UPHOLSTERY HARDWARE.
LOGGERS' AND LUMBERMEN'S SUPPLIES.
SPORTING AND BLASTING POWDER.
FISHING TACKLE.
HARDWARE
TOOLS, CUTLERY.
MCCAFFREY'S CELEBRATED FILES
AND HORSE RASPS.
82 Third St., near Oak,
Portland, Oregon.
l**"See Publishers' Announcements on Page 16 of Advertising Section.
The Pacific Monthly.
(The entire contents of this Magazine are covered by the general copyright, and articles must not be reprinted
without special permission.)
CONTENTS FOR JULY, 1899.
A S:ene in the Grand Coulee, Eastern Washington frontispiece
Water color by Captain Cleveland Rockwell.
The Grand Coulee Capt. Cleveland Rockwell 103
A Sketch of the author of The Grand Coulee 108
The Legend of Pueblo de Acoma, the Cloud City
of New Mexico cAlbert J. Capron 109
Why I Am An Expansionist Wallace McCamant 116
Life (Poem) John Leisk Tail ....121
The Voice of the Silence 122
Chapter IX.
A New Remedy for Trusts /. W. Whalley 125
A Quatrain Edward Othmer 127
DEPARTMENTS:
Our Point of View 128
The Month 130
Books : .-: 134
Men and Women 135
Hope (Poem) . Buelah M. Sigmund 135
Questions of the Day. . . 136
Anti-Expansion G. H. A. and H. CB. Nicholas.
The Financial World 138
The Magazines 139
What If? %osetta hunt Sutton. 141
Chess 142
Drift-
Announcement of Sketch on Sam. L. Simpson, in August Pacific Monthly 143
Low- Voiced People C. T. 143
The Judgment Frank Waller cAllen 143
The Unsolved Problems of Astronomy 144
Youth and Ambition 144
Terms:— {i.oo a year in advance; 10 cents a copy. Subscribers should remit to us in P. O. or express
money-orders, or in bank checks, drafts, or registered letters.
Agents for The Pacific Monthly are wanted in every locality, and the publishers offer unusual in-
ducements to first-class agents. Write for our terms.
Manuscript sent to The Pacihc Monthly will not be returned after publication unless definite in
structions to that effect with stamps accompany letters enclosing manuscript.
Address all correspondence, of whatever nature, to
alex. sweek, Prest. THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. CO.,
J. THORBURN ROSS, Vice Prest. , , „ .. ,. ^^^^. a.,^ ^.>.-,™»,
W. B. WELLS, Manager. Macl*ay BulldlnS> PORTLAND, OREGON.
LISCHEN M. MILLER, Asst. Manager.
Copyrighted 1899 by William Bittle Wells.
Entered at the Post Office at Portland, Oregon, Oct. 17, 1898, as second-class matter.
The publishers of The Pacific Monthly will esteem it a favor if readers of the Magazine will Kindly
mention The Pacific Monthly when dealing with our advertisers.
PRESS OF THE ELLIS PRINTING CO., 1 0S FIRST ST, PORTLAND. ORE.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
Transact a General Banking Business
Special Attention Given to
Collections
f^ort^laivi}, Oregon
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" The Policy Holders' Company "
TUB NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
1st A Cash Snrrender Value. 2d A Loan equal in amonnt to the Cash Value,
3d Extended Insurance for the Full amonnt of Policy, without the request of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-up Policy
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
727, 728 & 729 Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
Portland Cut-Kate Taxidermist Co.
184)^ THIRD ST., PORTLAND, OR.
Birds, Animals and Insects finely mounted in
a life-like manner. Rates reasonale.
Lessons given in
Taxidermy 50 cents.
W. B. MALLEIS, Manager.
Established 1872
JOHN A. BECK
Dealer in
Watcues, Diamonds, Jewelry, Silverware,
270 Morrison St., Bet. Third and Fourth,
Repairing a Specialty PORTLAND. OREGON
SURETY BONDS
Fidelity and Deposit Company of Maryland.
Capital and Surplus. $2.50'),O00.00. issues guar-
antee bonds to employes in positions of trust,
Court Bonds, Federal Officers', City, County
and State Officials' Bonds issued promptly.
Agents in all principal towns throughout
the State of Oregon.
FRANK L. GILBERT,
Gen'l Agent,
SAN FRANCISCO.
W. R. MACKENZIE,
State Agent,
208 Worcester Block,
PORTLAND, OR.
Telephone Main 986.
SCIENTIFIC MASSEUR J* J*
cMcute and Chronic Rheumatic Affections,
Nervous Diseases and Obesity successfully treat-
ed by Electricity, Massage, Dry Hot Air, and
Vapor <Baths. ' N F MELEENi M G.
Phones —
office, Black 2857. Office, 318-319 Marquam Bldg.
Residence, Black 691.
"W. A. Knight.
W. M. Knight.
KNIGHT SHOE CO.
Successors to Knight & Edkr.
SOLE AGENTS
SOROSIS for Women.
BLACK CAT for Men.
$3.50.
292 Washington St.
Opposite Perkins Hotel,
Portland, Or.
THE J. K. GILL CO.
Finest Stationery
Masonic Temple, Third and Alder Sts., Portland, Ore,
ALL THE LATEST BOOKS
Prices to Meet All Competitors
20 (pounds **> G™*te**S"9#
. for one dollar
With all general orders of
GROCERIES.
A. HEWITT,
374 Washington St.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES.
"BISHOP SCOTT cACADEMY..J'im*%Js:*$?P^nts.
founded 1870.
c/L ^Boarding and 1>ay School for Ifoys.
SManual Training. SMilitary 'Discipline, for Catalogue or other Information, address the Principal,
J. W. HILL, M. D., <P- 0. Thayer 17, Portland, Or.
Whitman College
Entrance Requirements
same as
jquirem
> Yale.
STRONG FACULTY. THOROUGH WORK.
Classical, Scientific, Xiterarp. anfc /nbusical departments.
HIGHEST STANDARDS. Walla Walla, Washington.
\$\ ALL-Bearing Type-Bar Joints and Fixed
• Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unim pair-
able Alignment, Lightest Key Action. The
Most Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work.
Carriage locks at end of line, protecting the
writing. Compact Shift Keyboard. Numer-
ous Handy Features. Address for full par-
ticulars.
United Typewriter Sc Supplies Co.
No 232 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
++♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦»♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦»
Saint Ifcelen's Iball
All Departments
from Kindergarten
to Academic.
-u—
H Boatbino
anb £)a\> School
for (Sitis
Classical, Scientific
and English Courses.
College Preparation.
Special advantages
in flfeuetc anb Hrt
Thirtieth Year begins Sept. 13th.
For further particulars, address,
ELEANOR TEBBETTS, Principal.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦^♦♦♦♦♦♦» ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
When dealing; with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
iv
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Use-
THE TELEPHONE INDEX
<A time sa'ber for business men, and the only Index pub-
lished giving^ both Companies numbers.
PRICE, $2.00 PER YEAR.
For Advertising Space or Subscription, address
G. H. AYDELOTTE, telephones
No. 5 Raleigh Bldg., Portland, Ore.
Oregon Main 816.
Columbia 238.
Perfect
•: CAN BE OBTAINED ONLY
...Through a Complete...
j Metallic Circuit For wch subscrib«r» and
Telephone { i No Party Lines.
Service
THE COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY
Alone has these Advantages.
OFFICES, 606-607 Oregonian Building, PORTLAND, OREGON.
*
IMPORTED SUGARS
DRY GRANULATED
cAU prices under the
sugar trust.
If you ivant to keep
the price of sugar
down, support the
Importer.
Address,
T\
x
1 1
LIGHT BROWN
| W.*A. MEARS, 33 Second Street, Portland, Oregon
Established 1882.
Open Day and Night.
* E. House's Cafe <*
128 Third Street
PORTWND, OREGON
Clams and Oysters.
Home-Made Pies and Cakes.
Cream and Milk from Our Own Ranch.
The Best Cup of
Coffee and Chocolate in the City.
PATENTS
Quickly secured. OTTO PEE DUE WHEN PATENT
OBTAINED. Send model, sketch or photo, -with
description for free report as to patentability. 48-PAGE
HAND-BOOK FREE. Contains references and full
information. WHITE FOR COPT OF OUR SPECIAL
OFFER. It is the most liberal proposition ever made by
a patent attorney, and EVERY INVENTOR SHOULD
READ IT before applying for patent. Address :
H.B.WILLS0N&C0.
PATENT LAWYERS,
i*DroitBidg.. WASHINGTON, D. C.
When dealing with'our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Cawston & Co.,
Dealers in
Engines and Boilers,
Wood -Working Machinery,
...Iron-Working Tools and Supplies...
48 & 50 First Street
PORTLAND, ORE.
Blake's Single and Duplex Pumps.
I S- G, Skidmore & Co.
Cut-Rate
Druggists
We give special attention to Prescriptions and
the selection of High Grade Bristle Goods.
Klamath Hot Springs
SISKIYOU CO., CAL,
I Is most delightfully located on the Klam-
l ath ri<ver, 20 miles from Ager, on the
I S. P. Co.'s Shasta Route, at an altitude
\ of 2700 feet. There are hot and cold
a mineral springs, steam baths, and hot mud
\ baths. These Springs ha<ve effected <won-
\ derful cures of rheumatism, gout, dyspep-
l sia, li<ver and kidney diseases.
Large Stone Hotel.
Best of Service.
EDSON BROS., Props.
5fi^^S^S^S^S^S^^^^<S^^^®^S^^^<S<S^£^S^^»
Northwestern Mutual Life
OF MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Grants more Insurance for the Same Cost or the Same Insurance
at Lower Cost than any other Company.
Largest Purely American Company.
Official Reports of State Insurance Departments Represent it to be the
Strongest and Best
For Terms, Address
S. T. L0CKW00D & SON, General Agents,
Concord Building, Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertisert, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIblC MONTHL Y-LEOAL DIRECTORY.
John H. Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commercial Block, PORTLAND, ORE.
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorneys at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
Library Associaiion of Portland
24.000 Volumes and over 200 Per odicals.
$5.00 a Year and Ji.'o a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS— From 9 A. M. to 9 P- M. Daily Except Sundays
and Holidays.
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK.
SAMUEL J. BRUN
Attorney and Counselor at Law
sixth floor, mills building
San Francisco, Cal.
Practices in all the Courts
P.O. BOX 157. TEL. MAIN 387.
RODNEY L GLISAN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
ROOM 420
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
Portland, Ore.
Tel. Columbia 238.
FRANK E. FERRIS, D. D. S.
Raleigh building
N. W. Cor. Sixth and Washington Sts.
PORTLAND,
OREGON.
EDWARD HOLMAN
UNDERTAKER
EMBALMER and
FUNERAL DIRECTOR
280 Yamhill St.
W. H. KINROSS
»ULTURI
Experienced
Lady Assistant
'Vocal Instructor,
'Portland Ladies' Club and cMozart Club.
SMusical Director, Portland Orchestra.
STUDIO, 302 GOODNOUGH BLDG.
Alaska Mines *nir™rJ^
Printed matter describing Alaska sent for 26 Cents in
Stamps.
MILLER & DAVIDSON
JUNEAU, ALASKA
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OP NEW BOOKS AND MA0AZ1NES
25 Cents per Month
■* JONES' BOOK STORE*
201 Alder Street, Portland. Orecon
Established 1885.
J?ortlanb <X)aTble (Uorhs
268
SCHANEN &, NEU.
Estimates given on application.
FIRST STREET,
Bet. Madison and Jefferson,
PORTLAND, OR.
AND MINING
STOCKS
FOR ttlNES
see ROGERS & ROGERS,
Real Estate and Mining,
Room 304
BROKERS I
Spokane, Wash.
Fermvell Blk.
(3X>OJ3D*332C£8*3£&£>0»: C8C8SOCCO X>Q&30GO&>Q&&CHQi^
The Californian Combination
A New Sanitary Suit for Baby in Short Clothes
A unique pattern for waist and drawers in one piece with stocking supporter attachment. It fur-
nishes complete protection to the body in Hannel, dispenses with bauds, petticoats and numerous pins and
buttons.
For Bathing and Gymnasium Costume Unexcelled
For full description see Trained Motherhood, this number.
Pattern with full directions will be mailed upon receipt of 75 cents. Sizes one and two-year old. The
garments in shrunk flannel, natural and whi e, will be sent upon receipt of Ji.un. Apply for patterns, cir-
culars and sample garments to Mrs. H. OTIS BKUn, Mantord University. California.
;'K8»^»3»^C8SCe»»^»3»33»»»^^^5C^C83C8^J
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
1HE PACIl'IC MONTHLY— AD VER'l I SING SECTION.
Vll
-M~m ^>+> ♦+♦♦*♦++++♦♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ » ♦ ♦♦♦♦
| W.C.NoonBagCo. |
S
INCORPORATED 853.
Manufacturers ml Impoilers of
Bags, Twines, Tents and Awnings,
Flags and Mining Hose.
BAG PRINTING
A SPECIALTY.
32-34 First St. Rort!i and 210-212-214-216 Couch St.
Portland, Oregon.
++♦♦ M>*+++ ++++♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦+>♦♦♦
((, M)t»3«3t3iJt0«3t3»D»J«0t0t]«Oi0r»0»0tOnt0«Ot3i0*O»0«JJ
..HATTERS AND FURNISHERS..
Bottom & Pension
Sole Agents for
KNOX HRTS
| 94 Third St.
Portland, Or. §
s .
Si* »o w«o«o«o«o«o»o»o«c»o»o«o«o«o«o»o«o«o»o«o»o«o«o»o«c«o»o<5
128 SIXTH STREET
Shirts 8c. Collars 2c. Cuffs 4c.
All other work in proportion.
Give us a Trial. Both Phoney 700.
C. C. NEWCASTLE
Dentist
GRADUATE MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY
300, 301 and 302
MARQUAM BUILDING.
Portland, Or.
<^> ■. W. CORIIKTT
Vice President
J. W. Kbwkirk
Asst. Cashier
G. E. WlTHINGTOH
Cashier
W. C. Alvord
2d Asst. Cashier
First
1 National Bank
1
1
PORTLAND, OREGON
COR. FIRST AND WASHINGTON STS.
Capital,
Surplus,
$500,000.00
650,000.00
Designated Depositary, and Financial
Agent, United States.
% * ** *********************** ** 1
T T T T T T f ♦*******♦♦****♦*♦ ♦ ♦♦♦♦»
W% Wait
tilt Christmas
to secure the presents you wish to
give to your friends? A postal card
request will bring you a sample
copy of the
HOME JOURNAL
which will tell you how to secure
many beautiful r.nd valuable presents
ABSOLUTELY FREE
In addition to these magnificent
premiums, each subscriber you se-
cure will receive choice of 200 books,
by standard authors, handsomely
bound, which alone is worth the
price of subscription.
J*
Write to-day to the
Journal Publishing Co.,
408 California St., San Francisco.
■+♦+♦♦♦♦♦»»
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
riii
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
MORTGAGE LOANS
On Improved
Portland City Property
In sums from $500 to $500,000 at lowest current interest rate*.
'"pl^1pk^ Abstracted and Insured against
I I LIC^ Defect or Loss.
[ rUStS Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND TRU5T CO.
FIND US IN OUR NEW OFFICES,
FOURTH STREET ENTRANCE
WM. M. LADD, PRESIDENT.
J. THORBURN ROSS, MANAGER.
T. T. BURKHART, Asst. Secretary.
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING,
PORTLAND. ORE.
THE McMONIES \
Metal Scam Collars I
SHAPED TO FIT THE HORSE.
Has Extended Rim, Consequently Large Hame Room ^
DESCRIPTION J* #
Our Metal Seam Collar is constructed on an entirely
new principal, having no Thread or Thong sewing to rot
out, has Extended Rim which gives large hame bed and
allows the hame to rest from ^ inch to i inch closer to the
horres neck, preventing rocking of the hame and gives it a
solid bearing. The Metal Seam Collar is flexible and gives
with the aciion of the horse, and will not make the horse
soie. The Metal Staple used are non-corrosive and will not
rot or rust out like thread or Thongs: therefore, the collar
will wear longer. A trial will convince you that this collar
is the best and cheat est on the market.
All weights and sizes.
Order at once and be the first to introduce them into
your territory. We fully guarantee each collar.
Write for Prices.
W. H. McMONIES,
SOLE MANUFACTURER FOR PACIFIC NORTHWEST,
74 Front St., Portland, Oregon.
Pat. Oct 24, '93.
SPECIAL INDUCEMENTS TO THOSE REPLYING TO THIS AD
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
>
' ******^W^££******£*********.**4M^*4***^^**^
WILLIAM M. LADD,
President 'Board of Trustees.
J. R. WILSON, D. D.
S. R. JOHNSON, Ph. D.
'Principals.
PORTLAND ACADEMY,
Organized 1889.
VIEW FROM THE SOUTHWEST.
The work of the Academy covers the instruction of Primary, Grammar, and Secondary Grades.
Boys and girls are received at the earliest possible school age and fitted for College. Ad-
vanced work is done in Latin, Greek, French, German, Mathematics, English Liter-
ature, Physics, and Chemistry.
Eleventh Year Opens at 10 A. M. September, 13, t899.
For Catalogue, Address
PORTLAND ACADEMY.
'Portland, Oregon.
The Pacific Monthly,
<W. II
JULY, 1899
ZKo. 3
The Grand Coulee.
<By CAPTAIN CLEVELAND ROCKWELL, late of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey.
THE French Canadian tiappers of the
Hudson Bay Company, following
the Columbia river and its tributary
streams in pursuit of their calling-, were
the first white discoverers of the great
gorge which they named the Grand
Coulee. In the French tongue a coulee
is defined as the "mouth of a furaace."
Miles west of the Grand Coulee is the
Moses Coulee, and nearer the Snake riv-
er to the southeast lie the Providence
and the Washtucan Coulees. Besides
these there may be observed numerous,
but similar, insipient, unimportant
fractures crossing the country in
various directions. All these are
less remarkable than the one
under consideration. This topo-
graphical and geological feature of the
country, designated as the Big Bend of
the Columbia, lies in Douglas county in
the eastern half of the state of Washing-
ton. It is generally recognized as pe-
culiar to this region. The writer cannot
recall any account of similar chasms in
any other part of the world. These fea-
tures are characteristic of great eruptions
or overflows of basaltic lavas, and as this
overflow was on a more stupendous
scale in the Northwest portion, of this
continent than elsewhere, the coulee for-
mation is found principally in this re-
gion.
The Grand Coulee extends from the
Columbia river for a distance of
about one hundred and twenty-
five miles in a general north and south
direction to the Columbia again near
White Bluffs. The course of the Colum-
bia at the northern end of the Coulee is
nearly westward, and at the southern end
it is nearly south. The whole plateau
region is almost destitute of forest
growth except in the few canyons and
along the water courses. The country
maybe described as an elevated prairie —
a plateau, open and gently undulating.
In some portions the soil is fertile, and in
favorable seasons will produce large
yields of wheat, while in others great
areas of barren basaltic rock crop out,
presenting a sterile waste. The whole
vast region from Spokane \festward,
with the exception of a few limited areas
of uncovered granite, seems to be under-
laid with basalt.
A traveller, to whom coulees were un-
known and unsuspected, in passing over
a gently rolling and open prairie coun-
try would be wonderstruck to suddenly
find across his path a great gorge five
hundred to six hundred feet deep and two
miles wide, with vertical walls extending
from right to left as far as the eye could
reach. He would notice the parallel
sides of this forbidding fissure in the
face of nature, a point on this side corres-
ponding to a bend on the opposite side,
with a bottom apparently level. He
would see, dotted here and there in the
sandy sage-brush bottom, lakes of clear
water fringed with green reeds and
grasses, or white and alkaline ponds,
muddy and shallow, on whose margin
104
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
bands of cattle might be lazily basking
in the blazing sunlight. On further in-
spection he would find that it might
be necessary to travel twenty-five miles
before coming to a place possible to de-
scend, even on foot.
At its northern end, near the Colum-
bia, the Coulee is four or five miles be-
tween its walls and widens to six or seven
in the vicinity of Steamboat Rock, which
is seven or eight miles from the upper
end. At this point, also, Northrup creek-
enters from the eastern side, but sinks
under the sand on reaching the bottom
of the coulee and discharges subterane-
ously into Devil's Lake, a wild and pic-
turesque pond lying among the granite
crags.
Steamboat Rock stands near the mid-
dle of the Coulee, rising like an island
from the large alkaline pond and tule
marsh that skirts its western base. This
great rock, a mile long, is a flat-topped
mass of the same height as the adjacent
sides of the canyon, and of exactly simi-
lar structure, and is a very prominent
landmark for a long distance down the
coulee.
Near this place the primitive granite
crops out, lying under the basalt, and
from here to its junction with the Colum-
bia, forms part of the wall of the Coulee
on the eastern side. It is interesting to
observe the basalt superimposed on the
granitt, the vertical cliffs of the former
standing like ramparts on the slopes of
the latter, the line of demarcation
between them as plainly laid
out as if done by skilled stone
masons. The weathering of the
basaltic rock lies thinly scattered on tne
sloping- granite hillsides, and thickly
strewn at the base. The disintegration
of the granite, or its capacity to furnish
or hold water, or both combined, have
contributed conditions more favorable
to forest growth than the moisture-rob-
bing basalt, for the presence of numer-
ous trees of yellow pine in groups, or
scattered along the slopes, lend a beauti-
ful park-like appearance to this part of
the Grand Coulee.
The bottom of the gorge at its north-
ern end is four hundred and fifty feet
;ab0^e the present level of the Columbia.
The excess of drainage water from melt-
ing snows flows northward for twelve or
fifteen miles,, and from the same point
flows south.
It is evident that during the ice age a
great glacier ploughed its way down the
bed of the Coulee, perhaps completely
filling the mighty chasm. The move-
ment was from the north, and the solid
granite tells no uncertain story of its
workings, the evidence of its carvings
and markings being very plain in the
vicinity of Devil's Lake, whose peculiar
situation and shape indicate that its basin
is gouged out by glacial action. Vertical
basaltic rock, owing to its characteristic
fracture or cleaverage, will not disclose
glacial action except where the move-
ment is across the summit of the basalt
at right angles to the vertical fracture.
In other positions the basalt continues
to crumble away until the onward pres-
sure is released.
Springs of ice-cold water force their
way to the surface through the bottom
of the Coulee at severalpoints,or emerge
from the talus of the rocky walls.
Whefe these springs flow away over the
sandy soil the sagebrush, which
has as great an aversion to
cold water as his Satanic Majesty
is said to have for holy water,
gives place to the greenest of grasses and
reeds. At Coulee City the Washington
Central railroad crosses the great can-
yon. The walls at this point break down
to a level not much below that of the
plateau country to the eastward. Four
miles below Coulee City the level bottom
of the Coulee drops abruptly in a vertical
depth of four hundred feet to a lake oc-
cupying the whole floor of the gorge, and
at the same place the canyon walls rise
to a corresponding height. It is evident
here that a vast volume of water poured
over the lips of these falls into the ponds
below. The views down through the
series of lakes below this point are wild,
rugged and beautiful in the untamed
savagery of nature.
Twenty miles below Coulee City the
Great Northern railroad crosses the
Coulee on a high trestle, and still farther
down, the sink of Crab creek enters the
Coulee and loses itself in the shallow al-
kaline ponds of the bottom. The walls of
the Coulee are, throughout its southern
THE GRAND COULEE.
105
course,, low and fragmentary, the bed of
the Coulee having evidently been filled
to a great height with sand and gravel.
Throughout the whole upper course of
the gorge, the vertical exposure of the
sides affords most excellent opportuni-
ties to study the character of the succes-
sive, flows of basalt. The markings be-
tween the different strata, or sheets, are
generally level, showing that no dis-
turbance or upheaval has taken place
since the deposits were laid down. Ba-
salt of the vertical or columnar class
may be seen, capped by a thick stratum
or flow of brecciated conglomerate, ce-
camped close to the foot of one of these
slopes at night, and lying on the ground,
the movement of the stones could be
distinctly heard. The dropping of the
loosened rock from the cliffs goes on
unceasingly, and the attention of the
traveller is frequently arrested by the
noise. It is seldom one sees the fall itself,
the distances are so great. The action of
the falling rock is more noticeable in the
spring when the melting snows pour
great volumes of water over the walls,
filling the milky alkaline ponds to high-
water mark. The temperature of the air
in the Coulee, as might be expected from
Sfefc,
■vWk
v. * * ^'
■iW-iLlu.<Jljto<vi<>'«:- '.
*"■ '
.
i ■ - ;. v.
•
Steamboat Rock, the Grand Coulee.
mented and melted together. This may
be covered again with a flow of vescular
lava, full of holes like a sponge, or it may
be, the next superincumbent mass will
be a homogenious strata of solid material
weathering with a conchoidal fracture
which disintegrates so readily as to let
down the more massive strata above it,
and thus furnish the great mass of ma-
terial forming the talus, or sloping debris
at the base of the walls. This slope in
some places reaches half-way up the face
of the cliffs, and is as steep as broken
stone will stand. In fact it' does not
stand still, as there is a continual crush-
ing and crawling of the mass. While
its location, is excessively hot in the
summer months, and it seems to be a
favorite locality for the electrical display
of thunder and lightning with rain which
evaporates before reaching the earth.
The soil in the bed of the gorge is a light
colored volcanic ash and sand, and is
easily raised in clouds of blinding dust.
Sagebrush, pure and simple, with
scarcely any other shrub, is the common
growth, and rushes and titles may be
seen along the shores of the lakes where
the water is not too alkaline. Geese and
ducks frequent the ponds, the latter
breeding on the banks. Jack rabbits are
the only species of game, and horned
106
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
toads and rattlesnakes are plentiful. The
soil in the bottom of the Coulee is not
generally cultivated, though very pro-
ductive when irrigated.
Although lying in so deep a depres-
sion, no stream of any consequence flows
into the gorge from the plateau above.
Neither is there any probability of ob-
taining supplies of artesian water in view
of the geological character of the region,
as it is the opinion of prominent geolo-
gists that the basaltic formation extends
to great depths, and where this deposit
is shallow, it is seen to rest on the primi-
tive granite.
In regard to the much-discussed ques-
tion of the Coulee having, ^luring former
geological times, been the bed of the
Columbia river, it is worthy of note that
the expressed or published opinions of
those scientific men who have seen the
Coulee favor the affirmative. Professor
Isaac Russell, of the' United States Geo-
logical Survey, published several years
since a report on the examination of the
Big Bend country as to the feasibility of
obtaining a supply of artesian water in
Douglas county. His report, by the
way, was distinctly adverse to the hope
of procuring water from that source. In
this report he describes the coulee in de-
tail, and gives the result of his observa-
tion as to the question under considera-
tion. He1 thinks it is evident that the
great rfver flowed from the north through
the coulee and poured in a grand cataract
of four hundred feet, vertical, over the
great drop near Coulee City, forming the
deep ponds and basins at the. foot. Cur-
iously enough, however, in another part
of the report he states the river, at one
time, ran northward and poured over the
drop at the northern end of the coulee,
from a height of four hundred and fifty
feet, into the Columbia. Have we here
the remarkable phenomenon of a river
flowing in opposite directions? If not,
the passage certainly needs revision or
explanation.
To discuss this question intelligently,
let us begin a long way backward. It is
stated by geological writers, and con-
ceded by others, that at some period of
the geological history of Eastern Wash-
ington, a great fresh water lake covered
the whole country from the Cascades to
the Blue mountains and partially extend-
ed northward into British America. This
lake left vast deposits of sediment in
some parts near adjacent mountains, the
silt being of a rich and fertile nature, like
the soils of the Palouse district, where
mountain streams brought down wash-
ings. In other parts, remote from the
hills, and lying flat and level, the depos-
its were of gravel and sand and light al-
kaline dust, or volcanic ashes dropped
from the immense clouds blown from the
burning cones of the Cascade range,
such as Mts. Hood, r Adams, Rainier and
many others. This action, covering long
periods of time, left deposits of great
thickness in the beds of the John Day
lake which have since been partly washed
away by surface waters, to find a resting
place in the ocean. The great eruption
of basalt was before the lake period, for
it will be observed that the bacustrine al-
kaline soils lie always on top of the ba-
salt and form the soil of the plateau as
well as the bed of the Coulee.
Nothing is more evident to the eye, or
commends itself more readily to the sen-
ses, after the first view or inspection of
the north end of the Coulee, than that it
was the former bed of a river. There are
the round slopes of gravel and sand, and
beds of great boulders in some of the
lowest places. The writer cannot con-
clude, however, that the Coulee ever held
the current of the Columbia. A year or
two since, I made a thorough inspection
of the gorge, after carefully selecting the
lowest and most favorable point, with the
object of proving the truth of this ques-
tion by the finding of fine gold. The
sands and gravel of the Columbia have
been washed down from the great metal-
iferous belt at the headwaters of that
river and of the Kootenai, and are in all
favorable places washed for fine gold,
which was found in paying quantities.
But in my search, though quantities of
black sand were observed, not one flake
of the gold was found in any kind of ma-
terial.
It may be maintained with confidence
that if the course of the river ever lay
through the Coulee, it would have left
in the lowest places the gravel, sand, fine
gold and other characteristic materials
which it carries in its channel at this
THE GRAND COULEE.
107
time. But nothing- of the kind was
found, the sand and gravel being the
same sort as that which forms the soil
and deposits of gravel of the plateau
above, and have been deposited there by
surface washings and from. the ashen de-
posits of the John Day lake. That part
of the material was assorted in place by
glacial action is plain. It would seem
reasonable to regard this channel; sunk-
en as it is from three to six hundred feet
below the general plateau surface as a
great drain or ditch into and through
which the waters from above poured and
sluiced at the age when the John Day
lake fell, receding to leave bare the ad-
joining country.
The question as to the origin
and first formation of the coulees
remains to be considered, and is a most
perplexing geological problem. If we
regard them as having been formed by
the action of running water, or by the
more powerful forces of the moving ice
of glaciers, account has to be taken of the
prodigious mass of material that has
been moved. The number of cubic yards
of solid rock which would fill a gorge
fifty miles long, two miles wide and four
or five hundred feet deep can be readily
computed, but the figures are so large as
to convey to< the mind a conception less
striking or forcible than the statement
of the problem itself. Moreover, there is
no evidence to show what has become of
the material removed, or at the outlet of
the Coulee as to the place of its deposit.
But the whole Coulee may be considered
a stupendous fracture or fissure of the
earth's crust from which flowed the vast
sheets of lava and basalt, forming the
adjacent deposits. This fissure may have
been a continuous line of craters, or
vents for the fluid material, and at the
the period of cessation of activity, the
bottom of the fissure may have sunk
three, or six, or ten hundred feet. The
active volcanoes of Vesuvius, Stromboli,
Aetna, Kileauea and many others exhibit
this action. During periods of quies-
ence the bottoms of the craters are far
down in the crater depths, and when
about to resume activity again, the bed
of the crater is broken up in fragments,
rises on the burning mass and flows over
the lowest places in the walls.
In support of the foregoing hy-
pothesis may be stated many facts,
observed by the writer, among
which is the present existence
of numerous oval and circular cavities in
the solid basalt, called potholes. These
may be seen in the bed of the Coulee in
many places where the soil and sand have
been washed away. Below Coulee City
they are frequent, and I also inspected a
great many on the summit of the walls
but a short distance from the sides.
Some of these pits or holes were sixty or
eighty feet deep and perhaps fifty yards
across, with vertical sides like a well.
The bottoms were strewn with rock, or
covered with bushes and grasses, and it
would be impossible to climb into or out
of some of these holes, or craters. It
would seem from the location of those on
top of the walls, at least, that they could
have been formed in no other way than
by the sinking of the bottom while in a
plastic state.
Regarding the Coulee, then, as a great
natural fissure or crack in the earth's
crust from, whence poured the basaltic
lavas, and assuming the subsidence of
the bottom into the still plastic or molten
mass along a line of incipient craters,
we are not compelled to further account
for the stupendous mass, of solid material
that once filled the great gorge of the
Coulee. The theory of the subsidence of
the bottom of the fissure does not, force
us to contemplate the appearanec of the
Coulee at this time as at all correspond-
ing to its present aspect. The action of
the elements and the powerful grinding
of glaciers during the ice age would
wear down and level up the rugged bot-
tom of the fissure, and tear away and
tend to make parallel the sides, and the
deposits sifting down through the depths
of the John Day lake would lie like a
carpet over all.
Whatever view we may take of the or-
igin or formation of the peculiar geolog-
ical and topographical features of the
country, the Grand Coulee will ever re-
main a great and wonderful exemplifica-
tion of those prodigious forces of nature
that stagger the imagination, and com-
pel the mind to humbly doubt the ability
of its reasoning powers.
108
THE 'PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
Ca.pta.in Cleveland 'Rockwell.
'■The Grand Coulee," which appears
in this number, is the third article pub-
lished in The Pacific Monthly from the
talented and versatile pen of Captain
Cleveland Rockwell. The other two
were "Physical Characteristics of the
Northwest," and "Digging the Gold."
both of which have elicited much favor-
able comment on the Pacific Coast. The
former, indeed, has attracted the atten-
tion of the public generally, and is un-
doubtedly the most complete and satis-
factory description of this wonderful re-
gion that has ever been written or
printed.
Captain Rockwell is not a new maga-
zine writer. Several articles by him have
appeared in the eastern periodicals, not-
ably the one on the Columbia River in
Harper's in 1882, which was illustrated by
the author, whose fame as a landscape
and marine artist is by no means local.
The drawings, one a water-color and the
other a pen and ink sketch, illustrating
the "Grand Coulee," were made by Cap-
tain Rockwell for this issue. The article
itself throws considerable light upon a
vexed geological problem, the writer
speaking with the authority of one who
sees and knows. He has studied his sub-
ject so carefully and comprehensively
that little is left to the reader to be con-
jectured.
Captain Rockwell was on the staff of
General Sherman at the close of the
civil war, and from 1856 up to very re-
cently has had a prominent connection
with the United States Coast and Geo-
detic Survey. Captain Rockwell is in
close touch with the questions of the
day, and is a thorough student of them
all.
The Legend of Pueblo de Acoma, the Cloud
City of New Mexico.
i.
'By ALBERT J. C APRON.
SOME have heard of, but few have
seen, the mysterious Cloud City
of the land of the Pueblos. Situ-
ated on the top of an almost inaccessible
rock or table land, some five hundred
feet above the surrounding plain, it pre-
sents a surface area of about ten acres of
rough rock. Scientific men and an-
tiquarians have devoted much time and
research for acurate data regarding its
origin, but, as yet, no positive informa-
tion has been secured.
Originally there was but one means of
access to this Pueblo, and that along the
■nearly perpendicular side of the table-
land, from which a huge slab of rock
"had been severed by some effort of na-
ture, leaving the narrowest possible foot-
hold. Along this steep and dizzy trail
the Indians pass with the greatest ease.
Having a letter from the Governor of
the Pueblo to the War Lord Haash-
heesh, and armed with a goodly supply
of tobacco, beads, red handkerchiefs and
so fourth, I made a visit to this interest-
ing Pueblo during the summer of 1897.
After a horse-back ride of some thirty
miles, over a gently-rising mesa, I found
myself, about 10 o'clock one hot day, on
the edge of a precipitous cliff bordering
an imense plain, in the midst of which,
and some six miles distant, I could see
the wonderful mesa Encantada to the
right of which was another, seemingly
inaccessible and surrounded by that
which resembled a great fort, but which
was, in reality, one row of adobes skirt-
ig the edge of the table-land, and a part
-of the mysterious Pueblo de- A-ikoka, or
Acoma. But I was yet to reach the vil-
lage. There I sat on my "pinto" — away
in the distance was the object of my ride,
and the goal which I wished to reach.
It would be difficult to describe my sen-
sations as I looked across that level
plain, interspersed here and there with
bunches of sage-brush, cacti, buffalo
grass and pools of brackish water, to the
city beyond.
It was a message of the unknown
past, the legendary age about which I
was to hear some hours later. Could I
presume further, was there any excuse for
making this venture to the sacred city,
that city about which we thought only as
a dream? Cold chills came over me;
here I was, face to face with that age of
superstition, war and tumult — that age
when the savage held full sway over this
wild and sun-kissed land; that age when
tribal relations were made and unmade
at the whim of some savage chief whose
only justification was selfishness.
But how to get down that steep cliff
was a problem to be solved, and that
quickly, for I had yet many miles to go.
Both the pony and myself were tired,
hungry and thirsty. I soon found the
trail again, and this led me through a
growth of pinon trees to a rude sort of
stone stairway cut out of the bold face of
the cliff, in times long past, by the sav-
ages.
At the period of the great upheaval
which raised this mesa out of the plain,
the cooling of the rock left perpendicu-
lar fissures or cracks, some six or ten
feet apart, all along the edge, but how a
section of this could have been broken
out by these children of nature is beyond
my reckoning, but the same nature
which created them also put into their
hands means with which to overcome
any obstacles which were impediments to
their welfare. Nor were the proofs
wanting, for right here was the rude
stairway worked out of solid rock, steep,
and along which a white man's horse
would not go, but up and down which
the native ponies would pass quickly and
safely.
Without this passage there was no
means of reaching that' plain for miles, in
either direction. My "pinto" had evi-
dently been that way before, for without
one moment's hesitation, he began pick-
ing his way down, as only such an animal
can, and in the course of half an hour we
no
THE TAC1FIC ^MONTHLY.
found ourselves some three thousand
feet below the point of descent and
scampering across the six miles which
intervened between the cliff and the
Cloud City beyond.
Time passed quickly, and soon I could
distinguish the outlines of the adobes,
then the forms of the savages who in-
habited them. When about a quarter of
a mile from the foot of the cliff I was
startled by the report of a gun, fired
three times in rapid succession. Was
this a friendly greeting or a signal from
"Muy Bein, passe V. aqui (Very good,
you pass here).
As before stated, when the city was
first built, there was but one possible
means of access, and that along the side
of the cliff, but during the past few
hundred years the drifting sands have so
piled up along the western end of the
mesa as to render it possible to reach the
top by this means, and it was up this
yielding mass that I and my pony toiled
for many minutes before reaching the
rock-crowned mesa. It takes consider-
A/V- -:."r ••• i
<Viecw of the cMesa. on 'which is situated the Pueblo de cAcoma.,
the Cloud City of Neciv Mexico.
the watchman that an enemy was ap-
proaching, that the warriors were to rly
to the points of vantage? I was not left
long in doubt for soon the brow of the
mesa was lined with men, women and
children, and the usual accompaniment
of barking curs.
"Qui quiro aqui" (What do you want
here)?
"Yo quirer le grande guerra senorio"
(I want the great War- Lord).
"Desde la persona que" (From what
person) ?
"Le Gobernado" (The Governor).
able leg power to climb to an altitude
like this over as poor footing as dry sand,
and it is no little effort to do this on a
day with the mercury up to iOo; still, as
patience will overcome all difficulties, so
was my reward forthcoming in due seas-
on.
As soon as we reached the top my
pony was taken in hand by the Indians.
One took the saddle, another the pack-
ages which I had brought along.
I was conducted by a fine-looking
young man, whom I afterward learned
was a graduate of Carlisle and a grand-
THE LEGEND OF PUEBLO DE cACOMA.
Ill
son of the War-Lord, into the presence
of that great personage. It was in the
council - chamber. In that council-
chamber, for many hundred years, had
been spoken the words which ruled and
guided the people. He sat on a rude
throne of adobe, clothed in his best
buck-skin and regalia, the man who was
alike father, counselor, and ruler of
these people — their destinies were in his
keeping, and strictly did he account for
them.
His was a striking figure, in height six
feet four, straight as an arrow, broad
shouldered, full chested, about seventy
years old; eyes undimmed by age,
sharp and piercing as an eagle's; in fact,
an ideal Indian chief, born to rule and
lead, and a man whom it would be bet-
ter to have for a friend than an enemy.
Would he be my friend? This I was
yet to learn, but it was to be hoped that
between the Governor's letter and the
presents, his friendship could be secured.
He arose as I entered, straightened up,
threw back his gigantic head, fixed his
piercing eye on me for a moment, ad-
vanced, extending his hand, and bid me
bien venidado (good welcome): His
friendship was mine, and I was happy.
The positions of the chamber were
about the same as the house. I was
seated on a low block of wood in front
of the chief, who delivered himself of an
address of welcome to which I responded
in like manner. Both of these were in
Spanish, which is the language spoken
with all strangers. Tobacco and pipes
were passed around and general conver-
sation carried on for some time. Ques-
tions as to whence I came, what was the
object of my visit, was I married, how
many squaws had I, etc.. Would I like
to see the "Pueblo" and the objects of
interest therein? Of course I wanted to
look around and see what manner of liv-
ing these people had, and so expressed
myself.
The young man, the Carlisle student,
was delegated to be my guide. He be-
gan conversation in English as soon as
we were out of hearing of the older peo-
ple and informed me that they did not
like for him to put on white man's ways,
hence he never lived or acted in any
manner Other than that of the Indians,
when with them. He had a squaw and
children, although only nineteen years
of age.
Before leaving for the sight-seeing we
were directed to return as soon as pos-
sible for refreshments which his, the
War-Lord's, squaw was then preparing.
Shall I ever forget that "stairway"
which was used by the natives as a means
of access to the pueblo? Ah, me! My
head swims as I think of the old men,
women and children, as they came and
went up and down that which was no
more than the rough side of the cliff, in
seeming utter disregard for personal
safety. I was informed that none had ever
been hurt by falling.
The cemetery was about a hundred
feet square and four feet deep with earth,
all of which was carried up there in earth-
en jars on the heads of the men and
women. Like most of the older Euro-
pean cemeteries the earlier buried give
way to the later victims of Father Time,
until the ground has been used over and
over again, but it did not matter, the
bc;;es made good fuel — and wood was
scarce. Their souls had long since gone
to dwell in the Happy Hunting Grounds,
uhere the good Indians all go. Some
day all Indians would be there, and
then the Great Spirit wrould give them
the world for a hunting ground, game
would be plentiful and a great hunt
would follow, day by day, until the end
of time.
Adjoining this was the church, a
building fifty by one hundred feet with a
thii'y foot ceiling. The roof was sup-
ported by huge timbers fifty feet long
and rudely squared to fifteen inches. The
timbers were brought hence from the
woods twenty miles distant and raised
up the side of the cliff and to their pres-
ent position by hand power. It would
puzzle a white man to accomplish this.
I was told that the pale face men with
the long black robes came from the land
of the awakening light many, many gen-
erations ago (about two hundred and
fifty years) and the Great Spirit, through
them, ordered the building of the church.
This Great Spirit was for peace, not war.
The interior of the church is rudely
decorated with painting representing
saints, frescoing, tinsel, etc., all of which
112
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
seems to be greatly reverenced by the na-
tives. The parish priest comes occasion-
ally and attends to their spiritual Wants,
not forgetting' the financial part as well,
for he, the priest, must live.
All the earth entering into the con-
struction of the buildings, or "adobes,"
as they are called, was brought up on the
heads of the men and women. There are
manv hundred tons of it, and the time,
strength and labor consumed must have
been beyond reckoning. The "adobes"
in which they live are all three stories
high. It is said that when they are two
stories high they are very,' very old, but
when they are found to be three stories
in height their age is far back into the
unknown. This particular village has
three rows of dwellings, varying from
two to three hundred feet long. The
front of the house is the rear, so to speak
Each story is shorter than the one below,
and in this case might be likened to three
hugh stairs. The rooms are reached by
ladders, up and down which men, wo-
men, children, dogs and razor-backed
hogs climb with ease. They are scarcely
high enough for a moderately-built man
to stand erect in.
After taking in the dungeon, cloisters,
and other dark corners, I returned to
the council-chamber for the feast which
had been prepared for me. It might be
called a state dinner. I have eaten in
some hotels and restaurants where it
was not conducive to a healthful appetite
to devote too much time to thinking
how the meal was prepared, or of what
it consisted. This was another occasion
when I thought it advisable to eat and
look pleasant, for whatever it was, or
however it had been prepared, it was for
me, and a banquet on which some time
and and care had been spent, and not to
eat was to give offense. This I did not
want to do, for obvious reasons. Their
"convidado" was being feasted as an
honored guest, consequently, should not
be too critical.
Gradually the braves and squaws
withdrew for their afternoon siesta, and
finally I was left alorie with the War-
Lord and the Prophet. I was by this
time in good fellowship with all, and es-
pecially so with thetwo who were now my
sole companions. More cigarettes were
consumed, mOre compliments exchanged
and gradually I led the medicine-man
up to the legend of the origin of his peo-
ple, and especially .to the cause of the
location of the pueblo in such a wild and
forbidding country.
Here it is, as he slowly told it off to
me, and, barring a few minor changes to
make it read in English, ther,e are no al-
terations in the character of it as it came
from his mouth:
II.
"Many, many harvests ago, as many
as seven of my fathers before me, who
had lived as long as I have, my people
lived in great power in a grand pueblo
twenty days' journey toward the rising
light. The great Chief and War-Lord,
Baholikonga, who was one of my fathers
before me, lived at that time, and ruled
over the great city and all the Nyumu
people who live toward the rising sun,
toward the dark place, toward the still
waters by the sleeping light, and in the
great land toward the bright sun. In
the beginning my people lived down in
the earth where it was always dark and
moist. We were bad and ugly-shaped,
but the medicine-man offered sacrifices
of young men and maidens to Myu-ing-
wa, the god of darkness, that he, the
Great Spirit, would allow them to go up
out of the bowels of the earth, to the land
where the sweet sunlight and warmth
was. He heard our prayer, saw our sac-
rifice, and granted our request. When
all my people came up there was no place
for them to dwell, all the good land and
water had been taken by Wingwu.
Then my people wept, and wanted
to go back from whence they
came, but the great spirit of
Myuingwa spoke and said he would
give them all the land for many days'
journey on each side of them, and, al-
though it was dry and nothing grew, he
would send rain to moisten the land un-
til the people could bring water in ece-
quis from the mountains, two days jour-
ney to the north.
So the people took the land and gave
to each head of family as much as he
could plant. A god of the mighty ser-
pent, Baholikonga, the father of water, .
was erected, and another to Myuingwa..
THE LEGEND OF PUEBLO DE cACOMA.
113
Both were set up in a high place for the
people to worship, which they did many
times a day, for they were thankful to the
good spirit that he had permitted them to
come into the sunlight and grow to be
beautiful men and women.
of the crested serpent might flow down
and moisten the soil that it would grow
seed. ;
When all was finished, when the tem-
ple was built, the houses ready for the
people, the water brought from the moun-
The Stair-way to the Pueblo, -which according to the legend,
•was made by a stroke of lightning.
They first built a mighty temple of
stone and set up a great throne and
place of sacrifice, where offerings of the
lives of one boy and one girl were made
each day, before the sun went to sleep,
that it would come back again on the
morrow.
While some of the men were building
the great pueblo (for we were many,
many people), others were plowing the
ground and planting the seed, for the
great spirit would only send us food
from out of the sky until we could grow
it on the land he had given us. Still
others were laying open the land in) one
long line to the mountains, that the water
tains of the dark land and the harvest
time was over, then the great spirit
spoke and said: "My people, one time,
not long ago, you prayed and offered
sacrifices to me that you might come up
out of the bowels of the earth to dwell
in the land of light and sweetness. I
heard your prayer, saw your sacrifices,
and brought you up, gave you much land
and watered it, and sent you food from
out of the sky until the time of harvest
would come. It is now over, all is ready
for the first great feast of thanksgiving,
so I command you to purify yourselves,,
fast for three days, then go up to the
kiva (sacred chamber), and your priests
114
THE "PACIFIC MONTHLY.
shall offer to me as a sacrifice a beauti-
ful maiden — who shall be young and of
the house of Pikonghoya. In this the
priests shall be helped by Koh Kyang
Whuti, and forever after, when the har-
vest time is over, there-shall be a sacrifice
of one virgin of this same house. After
this all of the people shall go up to the
high place and offer sacrifice of one goat
to the gods of water and light; then to
my temple, built for me by the people,
and pray for my blessings and favors in
future harvests. So long as you con-
tinue this I shall not leave you alone,
but shall multiply you in numbers and
make you rulers over all the people to
the rising sun, to the dark place, to the
peaceful water, and down to the land of
the bright light."
So all my people offered the sacrifices
as they had been directed, nor did they
fail to feel thankful in their hearts, for
they knew the Great Spirit had been
good to them. Then came the feast,
which lasted many days. Meat from the
goat and sheep, the wild animals that
abounded in the land, bear, deer and buf-
falo; fish from the mountain streams,
wild honey and the juice of the grape —
all were eaten and drunk with thankful
hearts. So all the Great Spriit had
promised came true. My people multi-
plied in numbers, grew stronger and
more beautiful than any in the wide land.
Their harvests were bountiful, and there
was nothing left for which we could wish.
When the other tfibes saw how speci-
ally favored of the gods my people were,
they came and begged to be ruled over
by our wise men. At first my people did
not want to permit them to do this, fear-
ing that because they had forsaken the
gods and were an evil people, that it
would provoke our gods and their favors
would be withdrawn. But the Great
Spirit spoke to our wise men and said it
should be as the strangers wished, for
had he (Myuingwa) not said that we peo-
ple should rule over all the land? And
so it came to pass that the Vwen-ti-so-
mo, Ma-tci-to-to of the north, the Eagle,
Bear and Horn people of the east, the
Yutiamo, Yuitteimo and Dacabimo from
the west, and the Pa-tat-Kwa-bi from the
south, all sent their head Kwa-Kanti
with presents to our fathers and made
request to be ruled over by my people.
Then the Great Spirit again spoke
and said: "See, I have made you the
rulers of all people in the land. There
are as many as could stand together in
one day's journey. You shall be my
children and shall not lose to do my bid-
ding, but if you cease to worship and
follow my will, as it has been given to
you, you shall no more have a home or
place in which to dwell until my wrath
shall be satisfied. More than this, all
the land which I have given you shall be-
come waste, your children, and wives,
and brothers and fathers shall be de-
stroyed on this side and that. All these
people which 1 have given you shall rise
up against you and drive you far from
this place toward the land of the sleep-
ing light, and there shall be but few of
you left. Nor shall you ever more rule
or be a rich people."
For many, many generations, my peo-
ple were faithful to the gods, and did all
they had been commanded to do. Each
day many prayers were offered and the
evening sacrifice made. No harm came to
them, nor was there any cause to com-
plain. After a time they began to for-
sake the teachings of the gods, first by
not feeling thankful in their hearts for
all the things that had been given them,
and in thinking that they could get along
without the help of the Great Spirit.
Then one of the people of the south re-
fused to send presents and would no
more come up to the pueblo for the har-
vest festival and sacrifice.
Other tribes rebelled, and soon all
who had been given over to be ruled by
my fathers' people were in revolt, and
when the Ka-Kwanti or warriors were
sent out to subdue them they were de-
leated and nearly destroyed.
Th battle raged up and down, now
towards the rising light, again toward
the still waters, then toward the dark
hind and by the land of the rising sun.
Runners came in, foot-sore and hungry,
urging that more fighting men must be
sent or all would be lost.
A council was held, my fathers' fath-
ers, Wikwa-thobi, the priests and all the
wise men of the tribe came together,
in the great council place. Many
days they reasoned together. The
THE LEGEND OF PUEBLO ?>E ACOMA.
U5
priests said the gods were angry
and would no more help that people, be-
cause they had grown selfish and did not
live as they had promised.
The wise men said it as all because
the other tribes had been allowed to join
them; still others said not enough maid-
ens had been sacrificed, but my father's
father shook his head and said, "My
children, I am sore afraid that we will nev-
er again be a happy and prosperous peo-
ple. When the Great Spirit brought us
up out of the dark place our hearts were
glad. He gave us land and water and
sent food from the sky until the harvest
time was come. Then we were grateful
and rendered to the gods the first fruits
and the best grain and flesh ; we purified
ourselves, fasted and offered sacrifice of
the house of Balingahoya of the most
beautiful maiden. The Koh-Kyank-
Wuhti assisted in these sacred rites, but
for many harvests we have not offered
the best grain and flesh, nor the most
beautiful maidens in sacrifice, but have
taken the seed which was not good, the
eld and sick goats, anc the aged and
blind women, and gave them to the gotis.
This was not right. How many tune-
have I counseled you to l;ve as did your
fathers, or the wrath of the gods would
be upon us? Have I not told you that
the spirit of Myuingwa had said that so
long as «t w*r»; good (iii'dren he would
multiply and prosper us rnd give us 'o
rule over all the land and all the people
therein? That if we forsook him he
would visit his wrath upon us? You
laughed and said I was growing old, that
our forefathers were silly men, and knew
not any better; that we were a great peo-
ple— stronger than all the land and need-
ed no god to hold dominion over us."
The council reasoned together for
many days., many plans were proposed
but laid aside. Finally it was ordered
that two hundred maidens, two hundred
youths, and five hundred goats should
be sacrificed at the Kiva, to appease ihe
wrath of the gods. After which all the
men who could wield the pufi -loihn
(lighting stick) should go out to h.iu'c
leaving only i few old men t ■> gi.ra!
their homes.
There were many thDusands oi fight-
ing men. My father's father, Te-burg-
kihu, led them towards the south where
all the enemy 1 f>i assen.blcd for one List
battle. Soon they met and for many
days the conflict waged. Many men
were killed, but still we could not con-
quer them. After much fighting we
were but few left. Then the Spirit spoke
and said: "Why continue you to battle;
have I not told you that if you forsook
me I would destroy you? Did [ not
covenant with_ you that so long as you
were my faithful children and did as 1
commanded, you would be a prosperous
people? Moreover, if you were un-
faithful, I would be avenged? So it is,
and so it shall be. Now, go toward the
sleeping sun, and I will guide you to a
place where you shall dwell forever, but
shall never more multiply or be a pros-
perous people."
For twenty days we journeyed toward
the sleeping light. Then the spirit came
to us in the form of an eagle and spoke,
saying: "See ye that high rock towards"
the sleeping sun? On that build your
houses and dwell in peace, until I come
again in that great day for you."
At night my people came to the high
rock, but could find no way by which to
reach the top. Then they thought the
gods had finally forsaken them and left
them there to be destroyed by some new
enemy.
In the night came a great storm and
rain, and wind, and thunder, and light-
ning. Suddenly a great streak of fire
came from above and struck the top of
the rock and made a loud noise. The
people were very much afraid and fell
down in prayer, and ceased not to pray
until the awakening sun. In the morn-
ing it was found that a huge piece of
rock had been broken off and left a
rough side up which the people could
pass. By the time of the high sun all
were on top. They found no land, only
barren rock. There was a basin of
water on top. Earth was brought up
from below and timber from a long dis-
tance to the south. Houses, not such as
we had towards the rising sun, were
built, grain was sown on the plains be-
low and the harvest time came, but not
as plenty as before in the land of the ris-
ing sun.
No enemy came to destroy; the god's
JI6
THE 'PACIFIC MONTHLY.
wrath had been satisfied. We were left
alone until about seven generations ago,
when from the land of the hot sun came
the Kast-ilumish, men who wore iron
garments, (Spanish soldiers). They
brought with them men of thq long
black robes (priests), who told us of an-
other God who lived in the skies. A god
who was not of war, but of peace. We
soon learned that this Great Spirit was
better than the one who destroyed us.
We built him a grand casa, which you
have seen. The padre comes once in a
while and talks to vis in the great house,
and we all fall down on our knees and
feel that the Great Spirit is within us.
Once in a while we find a longing to
have back all our land and power, such
as we had many fathers ago, but we fear
it will never be. In the summer we
raise grain down in the valleys, in the
winter we live here in this pueblo, but
we are not as happy as we were once.
The old pride is still within us. It fills
our hearts with sadness when we see our
people gradually getting fewer. Socn we
will all be gone, and there will be no
more remembrance of our once most
powerful nation. We will all be gathered
to our fathers in the great land of the
gfods of the Indians and white men."
Why I am an Expansionist.
<By WALLACE SMcCAMANT.
Second article] in the series on Expansion. The first, "Imperialism vs. Democracy," by C. E. S. Wood,
appeared in the June issue.
JAM OF the opinion that it is wise for
the United States to retain sover-
eignty and .control of the Philippine
Islands, Guam and Porto Rico. I am
further of the opinion that the United
States will ultimately find it advan-
tageous to annex the island of Cuba.
In the first place, I am in favor of
holding the Philippine Islands because I
cannot see that there is anything else for
the government to do. It is idle to dis-
cuss the question as to whether the ad-
ministration was wise or foolish in nego-
tiating the Treaty of Paris, which gave
us dominion over the Philippine Islands.
That treaty has been negotiated, con-
firmed, and is now the law of the land.
We find ourselves in the possession of
these islands and charged with the re-
sponsibilities which follow from such
sovereignty. In the language of the late
lamented William M. Tweed, the ques-
tion is, "What are you going to do about
it?"
No intelligent observer contends that
the Filipinos are capable of self-govern-
ment. The withdrawal of the United
States troops from the Philippine Islands
Avould undoubtedly leave these islands a
prey to anarchy. I have been person-
ally advised by United States army offi>
ers, whose opinion is entitled to great
respect, that the Filipino army is a rabble
which, if it had the power, would loot
Manila, as it has many of the smaller
towns. We cannot turn these islands
over to this rabble. The only other al-
ternative would be for the American
people to resign their sovereignty to
some foreign power. It is a sufficient
answer to this suggestion to say that it
would be the part of cowardice to do so.
It is noteworthy that the anti-expan-
sionists do> not advocate taking this horn
of the dilemma.
In the second place, I believe that the
Philippine Islands will be a great source
of wealth to this country if they are re-
tained as a part of our domain. During
the last fifty years the energies of the
American people have been devoted to
the development of our own country,
and in that time a marvelous develop-
ment has taken place. Our great rail-
way systems have grown from little or
nothing to their present large propor-
tions. Regions which fifty years ago
were scarcely explored are now densely
WHY I AM AN EXPANSIONIST.
117
populated. Comparatively speaking-,
there remains in the United States prop-
er but little new country to develop. In
many lines our manufacturing' plants are
now able to supply ten times the home
demand. There are lines of manufac-
ture in which we are already able to com-
pete with the world. The time has come
when the Republic must look to trade by
sea as one of its richest sources of nation-
al wealth.
In all ages, foreign trade has been
found a prolific source of wealth and
power. At the dawn of history we find
the Phoenician cities wealthy and power-
ful for this cause. 'After a few centuries
their Carthagenian colony excelled the
parent state in wealth which was accum-
ulated by commerce. Trade in the Med-
iterranean transformed Venice from a
nest of pirates to a great world power.
Genoa owed her ascendency to the same
cause. For centuries after the Greek
empire had lost its national character
and its virility, it remained a mighty
power to be reckoned with because of
the enormous trade of Constantinople
and the wealth and maritime supremacy
which grew out of it.
Foreign trade was the source of Hol-
land's strength, and through it she was
enabled successfully to contend for a
period of eighty years with the German
Empire, the kingdom of Spain, and all
of the dependencies of the Hapsburg
family. While her political power has
largely declined, Holland's foreign trade
is still so great a source of wealth that
Amsterdam is regarded even in our day
as one of the world's great money
centers.
Wherein is to be found the chief cause
for the development which has trans-
formed the England of Elizabeth into
the England of Victoria? Is it not in
the wealth and power which have sprung
from her maritime trade?
Prior to the American revolution the
New England colonies possessed a fair
share of wealth and prosperity. This
was not due to the fertility of their soil,
for New England is probably the least
fertile of all of the sections of the United
States. It was due to the fact that the
New Englanders were a sea-faring peo-
ple, possessed of a valuable trade with
the West Indies, and the other parts of
the world.
History also abundantly proves that
the possession of a colonial empire is a
great aid to any country in the develop-
ment of trade relations. Phoenecia
profited by its Carthagenian colony;
Holland by its immense possessions in
the Indies, and England without her
colonial empire would be shorn of the
chief source of her national wealth.
Spain's colonial empire for four centu-
ries has been her chief financial reliance.
Keen observers predict that during
the twentieth century the trade of the
Pacific will exceed that of the Atlantic.
The time is at hand when there is to be
a marvelous increase in the consuming
power of the peoples who live on the
west shore of the Pacific. When the
primitive man becomes civilized he be-
comes a good customer in the markets
of the world. While he leads a primi-
tive life, he lives in a hut, requires but
little clothing, and is content with the
simplest food; as he grows in civiliza-
tion the hut must give way to the house,
he requires more and better clothing, a
greater variety of food, and more ex-
pensive at that. Before, he was con-
tent to live and die in the same place;
now he requires facilities for moving1
from place to place, and must have a
railroad to minister to his requirements.
These are the changes which are now
taking place in the Orient. Japan is
leading the way, and is rapidly becom-
ing possessed of a civilization akin to
that of Europe. The evidence is abun-
dant that China is awakening from her
long sleep. The greatest commercial
opportunities of our time undoubtedly
lie in the direction of the evolution and
development of this Oriental trade.
Trade with the older countries runs in
grooves. It is difficult to deprive the
producer who now possesses an old and
well-established market' of his advan-
tages therein. No one as yet, however,
controls this Oriental trade. The pos-
session of the Philippine Islands would
give us a prestige in the Orient, and an
entrepot to the great markets there de-
veloping which we could scarcely afford!
to dispense with at all. Admiral Dewey
118
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
has recently rendered the following sen-
sible opinion on this subject:
"I do honestly think, that the retention
of these islands would be the wisest
course to pursue. American trade is,
next to the British, the most important
in China and the far East, and to foster,
protect and increase that trade we want
that local influence in these waters which
actual occupation can alone insure."
The chief trade value of the Philip-
pines would grow, in my judgment, out
of the advantages which they would
give us in competing for the general
trade of the Orient. It is also to be
said, however, that the Philippines them-
selves are already possessed of a valua-
ble trade, and that under American gov-
ernment this trade would become enor-
mous. The islands are rich particularly
in products which we cannot produce
in this country in quantities adequate to
the supply of the home market. This
is particularly the case with sugars, and
with several varieties of woods needed
for finishing.
In the third place, the Philippines
would give us an unequalled field for in-
vestment and for industrial enterprise.
We are all familiar with Macaulay's pre-
diction, that the testing time for our in-
stitutions would come when we no long-
er had any western country into which
we could pour our excessive popula-
tions. This time, in a measure, has al-
ready arrived. Outside of the arid belts
and a densely timbered section of the
Pacific Northwest, there is but little
land open to the homesteader. The
Philippines offer us just such an outlet
as "The West" has been during the last
hundred years of our national history.
John Barrett, whose opinion is entitled
to great respect, declares them the rich-
est group of detached islands to be
found anywhere in the world. They a-
bound in mineral and agricultural
wealth. They have been miserably mis-
governed up to this time, but in spite of
that fact the business men of Manila are
nearly all wealthy. The soil has not
been properly farmed, the mineral
wealth has been but little exploited, but
little use has been made of the magni-
ficent supplies of timber which clothe
the mountains. American enterprise
turned loose in these islands under the
protection of a stable government must
inevitably result in a marvelous increase
in wealth to the benefit both of the is-
lands and of the home country.
But we are told there are serious ob-
jections to the retention of the Philip-
pine Islands. One of these objections,
it is urged, is that our policy of expan-
sion is in conflict with the principles of
the Declaration of Independence. We
are reminded that the Declaration of In-
dependence declares that governments
derive their just powers of government
from the consent of the governed. It
requires a considerable measure of char-
ity to concede the sincerity of the anti-
expansionist who offers this objection.
If he were sincere, it would be his duty
to object with equal force to the acquisi-
tion of Porto Rico. But the Bostonians
who constitute the back-bone of the
anti-expansion movement are not hor-
rified at the retention of Porto Rico, a
considerable portion of whose trade
would flow into New England harbors.
Their righteous indignation is aroused
in its fullness, however, when the subject
under consideration is the retention of
territory whose trade would make for
the emolument of the states of the Pa-
cific slope, and would eventually result,
in all probability, in the location on the
Pacific slope of several great financial
centers. I think it admits of easy dem-
onstration, however, that the expansion
policy is in entire harmony with the
principles of the Declaration of Inde-
pendence.
Historf has made plain the meaning
of the consent of the governed, as set
forth in the Declaration of Independ-
ence. It does not mean, that before
territory inhabited by a barbarous, or
semi-barbarous people, can be annexed
to the United States it is necessary to
secure the consent of such inhabitants.
The most fervent supporter of independ-
ence in the whole country in revolution-
ary times was probably Patrick Henry,
and Patrick Henry, while Governor of
Virginia undertook to secure for the
United States that great stretch of coun-
try bounded by the Ohio and the Great
WHY I AM AN EXPANSIONIST.
119
Lakes, the Mississsippi River and the
Allegheny mountains. How did he do
it? Did he send out writs of election,
and summon the Miamis and the Chip-
pewas to the polls to determine whether
they would consent to the establishment
of the United States government among
them? He was far wiser than the anti-
expansionists of our day, and had a far
clearer idea of the meaning of the Dec-
laration of Independence. He sent forth
the George Rogers Clarke expedition,
and by force of arms reduced the coun-
try to the dominion Oi the Stars and
Stripes. Does any one criticise him, or
complain of his conduct in this regard?
Were not the results beneficial both to
the conqueror and the conquered?
Thomas Jefferson was the author of
the Declaration of Independence, and
when he was President we secured Lou-
isiana Before setting up American
authority in this magnificent domain,
did he insist on taking a vote of the
Sioux and the Dacotahs as to whether
they would consent to be governed by
the United States?
James Monroe was President when
we acquired Florida; did he issue writs
of election to ascertain whether the
Seminoles would consem to the institu-
tion of federal authority in their terri-
tory?
Polk was President when we secured
California and Arizona; ought he to
have taken a vote to ascertain whether
the Mexicans and the Apaches wanted
to have American authority set up
among them? Before we annexed
Alaska to our territory, ought we to
have taken a vote of the natives and se-
cured their consent.
Without taking the time to more fully
elaborate the true meaning of the phrase
"consent of the governed," which is
found in the Declaration of Independ-
ence, it is sufficient to say that all Amer-
ican history shows that it was never in-
tended to apply to a people unfit for
self-government. If the interpretation
put by the anti-expansionists on the
Declaration of Independence were the
true one, and if it had been consistently
followed throughout American history,
all our extensions of territory would
have proved impossible and the United
States would now be a third rate power,
governing a narrow fringe of territory
along the Atlantic seaboard.
We are next told by way of objection,
that the continued government by the
United States of the Philippine Islands
will bring to us many grave problems
whose solution will be difficult, if not
impossible. It is said that the relations
between church and state suggest many
difficult problems, and furthermore,that
the kind of officials whom we would be
likely to send to the Islands would be
neither trained nor competent, and
would therefore not give the islands a
good government.
I believe that there would be much
difficulty in giving the Philippines an
ideal government, and that in many
cases the appointees to civil positions in
the islands would owe their appoint-
ments to political activity rather than to
superior qualifications; but I am clearly
of the opinion that we can give the is-
lands a better government than they ever
have enjoyed before, and a government
at least as good as that enjoyed by the
average American municipality. This
is not saying much, for our municipali-
ties are miserably misgoverned. There
is in them, nevertheless, sufficient secur-
ity for life and property to permit the
citizens to live happily and the commun-
ities to grow in wealth. New York is
probably the worst governed city in the
Union. For about a century it has
been, on and off, in the clutches of Tam-
many Hall, which is without exception,
the most corrupt political ring in the
Union. In spite of its misgovernment,
however, New York City has grown in
the last century, from a small city of less
than 50,000 inhabitants to one of the
greatest cities and money centers in the
world. I think we are justified in be-
lieving that the Philippine Islands un-
der American rule, would be governed
sufficiently well to admit of the happi-
ness of the people living under the gov-
ernment, and also of the industrial de-
velopment of the country.
It strikes me there is a tinge of cow-
ardice about this objection to retaining
the Philippine Islands. If men and na-
120
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
tions were justified in shirking respons-
ibility because of the difficult problems
which it' entails, there would be an end
of progress. This consideration would
have deterred the early settlers from
colonizing America, for their coloniza-
tion was fraught with the most difficult
of problems: contention with the In-
dians, the . battle for subsistence, and
the enduring of the rigors of an un-
known and severe climate. This, same
consideration would have sealed the lips
of Patrick Henry, and paralyzed the
arm of George Washington in revolu-
tionary days, for the attainment of A-
merican independence meant, of necessi-
ty, the confronting of the most serious
problems of civil government. The
same consideration would have induced
Phillips and Lincoln to abandon the
crusade against slavery, because eman-
cipation and abolition undoubtedly
brought to the country the gravest pol-
itical problems, some of which cannot
be deemed settled today. Every page
in the history of civilization tells of
problems solved, of opposition encount-
ered and overthrown. The difference
between the little man and the big in
public life is that the former floats with
the tide and faces no serious problems:
the latter is guided by his conscience
and his judgment and is ready at their
call to face the most rancorous opposi-
tion. Without meeting and mounting
serious opposition and solving difficult
problems there can be no reform, no
progress, no statesmanship. The na-
tion is a coward and unworthy of re-
spect at home or abroad, which will
shirk its duty, or throw away its oppor-
tunities because of the difficulty of the
problems with which it is to be con-
fronted.
We are further told by the objector
that the climate of the Philippine Is-
lands is unhealthy; so much so that A-
mericans cannot live there. I do not
believe that Manila will ever become a
health resort, but it is stated on high
authority that it is comparatively
healthy for a city in the tropics; it is
certainly no more unhealthy than many
places in this country, which possess
large populations. The winter climate of
Manila is admitted by all to be healthful
and pleasant. In summer the thermome-
ter rarely, if ever, registers higher than 90
degrees. In the San Joaquin, Valley, in
California, for. weeks the thermometer
will range. every, day as high as U5 de-
grees, in the shade ; yet the San. Joaquin
valley contains, a large population of
Anglo-Saxons who live there in health,
if not in comfort..
We are told that. the water and sewage
systems of Manila are not sanitary. They
are at least as good as those of Harris-
burg, Pennsylvania, which secures its
water from the Susquehanna river after
it has flowed two hundred miles through
a densely settled region, and which emp-
ties three sewers into the river on the
waterfront of the city, immediately above
the water works. Yet forty thousand
Americans reside at Harrisburg, Penn-
sylvania, and will not admit that their
city is unhealthy.
Moreover, the large Anglo-Saxon pop-
ulation which is required for the develop-
ment of the Philippine Islands is not need-
ed at Manila, but is needed in the higher
portions of the archipelago. Twenty
miles east of Manila there is a high plat-
eau which is said by all observers to pos-
sess a healthy and invigorating climate
Tiiu ULUAiLtuns, -which are clothed with
fine timber, and embowelled with coal,
iron, and other minerals, are destined to
be the chief sources of industrial develop-
ment in the archipelago. In these places
it cannot be doubted that Americans can
live and enjoy good health.
We are also told, by way of objection,
that there is no parallel in American his-
tory for the annexation of the Philippine
Islands; that our expansions of territory
in the past, except in the case of Alaska,
have all been of contiguous country, and
that therefore there is no historical argu-
ment in favor of retaining the Philip-
pines. The objector who makes these
statements forgets that during the last
century the world has been continually
growing smaller — steam. , and electricity
have well-nigh annihilated time and
space, and Manila is far nearer the na-
tional capital, both in point of time and
ease of communication, than was San
Francisco at the close of the Mexican
war, or North Dakota during Jefferson's
LIFE.
121
■administration.
It is a mistake to speak of the
•expansion policy as imperialism. Im-
perialism implies a government fash-
ioned after the will of one man, and look-
ing to the carrying out of his purposes
rather than the welfare of the community
•over which he rules. The sentiments of
the American people will never permit
•an imperial government to be foisted on
^ny people under the dominion of the
stars and stripes. At the time of the
Revolution our population was confined
to a narrow fringe of territory along the
Atlantic seaboard. From decade to de-
cade the population has pressed west-
ward, and wherever the west-bound
emigrants have gone they have
taken with them the Anglo-Saxon gen-
ius for free government. The govern-
ments established have been far from
ideal ; there have been many cases of cor-
ruption and of peculation of public funds,
"but all through the country, from the
Allegheny mountains to the Pacific
slope, the governments established have
secured, in a reasonable degree, the en-
forcement of justice and the protection
of life and property. Under these condi-
tions the new communities have uniform-
ly grown in population and wealth, until
now the center of population in the
United States is found in the state of
Kentucky, in what was once the forest
range of Daniel Boone.
The advance guard of our Anglo-Sax-
on civilization is now in the Philippine
Islands, confronting the teeming popula-
tions of China and India. Why should
we doubt the Anglo-Saxon's ability to
carry the blessings Of a stable govern-
ment to the Philippine Islands? Why
doubt that the development and increase
in wealth which have accompanied his
advent in every other country to which
he has gone will also attend him here?
Dewey's victory won in the harbor of
Manila transformed the American people
into a world power, with all of the pres-
tige and influence which accompany such
a position. Why should we throw away
the fruits of that victory? The Philip-
pines have already cost the American
people many millions of dollars, together
with a quite considerable account of
blood and hardship, endured by our sold-
iers who have fought and are fighting
with as much spirit as has ever been
shown in the past. Why should we
throw away the fruits of this courageous
endeavor, and these millions of treasure?
Life.
A wistful, whitefaced woman by the sea,
Stretching impotent hands out hopelessly,
To clasp the forms of those immortal ones
Whose full white sails are swelling just
beyond
The mist-hid, far horizon, broad and free.
A sunk-eyed scholar, scanning Nature's face
With fevered glances, searching tor one
trace
Of that great secret, known to God alone,
But which may be revealed — out just beyond
The saving limit of his life's short space.
An anguished lover, whose impassioned eye
Hath seen all grace in his beloved lie;
Who wakes, too late, to find his idol clay,
All her imputed virtues — just beyond;
And folds her to his heart, and prays to die.
A wearied penitent, whose feet are scarred
With pilgrimage; who finds the last gate
barred,
And plies an hour the self-afflicting lash,
Craving an earnest of the life beyond,
And finds that life is death — and death is
hard.
John Leisk Tait.
The Voice of the Silence.
Began in January number.
Chapter IX.
IT WAS a dark afternoon. The grey
fog crept in from the sea and
tangled its chilling vapors in
the tops of the young pines.
The river was as voiceless as an
enchanted stream, and a deep silence lay
like a spell upon the land. Gliding
across the river came a boat rowed by an
Indian. In the stern of this boat sat two
women, and on a pile of rugs at their
feet was a child. Three years before
they had crossed the river together.
They were thinking of that day and of all
that lay between then and now, and their
hands met, instinctively met in a close
clasp under the folds of the heavy shawl
that lay across their knees. The child,
his round face showing like a half-open-
ed flower in the warm furs that enveloped
him, watched with wide, solemn eyes,
the noiseless dip of the paddles.
Presently the Indian, glancing over
his shoulder, feathered his right oar, and
with one long stroke of his left swept
the boat broadside with the current and
shot it, straight as an arrow from the bow,
high upon the sandy be^ch at the foot of
the stairs. ' He sprang cut and lifted the
child in his arms and deposited him care-
fully upon the lowest step. In that brief
moment, however, his keen eyes noted
every detail, the rich apparel, the soft
furs, the delicate bloom on the young
cheek, but in the big black orbs, deep
and full of solemn mystery, he found
that which he sought, that which justified
the Indian's claim to kinship with the
Indian.
Nanita stood up. "Come," she said
softly, " it is home at last." Then, as
Elise stepped ashore, "Take care of the
boy — I will help Jeff carry the things up
to the house."
It was auite dark under the pines, but
Elise, leading the child, found her way
without difficulty the along path to the
cabin door.
Three years! Ah me, what an age it
seemed! Was this the girl who had
gone out £0 joyously from the wilderness-
into the world? This weary, heavy-
hearted woman for whom the light of
life seemed forever dimmed! All
through the ten days journey homeward
she had been in a fever of impatience.
Steam and wind and tide were laggard to-
iler wish, but now that she was here she
suddenly became aware of a dread, a de-
pression. The silence and the damp and
dark oppressed her. She paused upon
the doorstep, wanting courage to lift the
latch. The child, clinging to her skirts,
shivered.
"Poor baby," she murmured, and flung
open the door, not to step into the deep-
er darkness, but into the warm glow of
a driftwood fire burning cheerfully up-
on the hearth. Someone sitting there,
with head bowed upon his hands, rose
and confronted her.
"Odin," she cried, and the next mo-
ment was gathered close in his strong
arms.
"You were not expecting me?" she
said presently when, seated before the
fire, she was busy removing the child's
wraps.
"Not more than usual. I knew you
would return."
"And you wished me to find a wel-
come? O my friend!" She held her
gloved hand out to the grateful warmth
of the fire. The child, divested of his
cloak and cap, leaned against her knee.
"Are you tired, baby?" she questioned,
and Odin thrilled at the music of her
voice. "This is Nanita's boy. Do you
remember Nanita?"
Odin did remember, and silently re-
called the tragic story to which he had
once been an unwilling listener.
"Nanita is everything to me, every-
thing"! And the boy — is he not a dear.
child?" She drew him closer. "I think
he loves me next to his mother. Ah,
there she is now," and the sound of foot-
falls without was heard. "Come in Nan-
ita, vou are tired and cold. This is Odin.
THE VOICE OF THE SILENCE.
123
And the fire is his welcome. Let me
help you remove these damp things. Oh,
how sweet to be at home!" She wa9 as-
sisting Nanita to divest herself of her
wraps. Odin wished she would remove
her own, for she was thickly veiled and
he was hungering for the sight of her
face. He helped Jeff bring in the lug-
gage, and did what was possible to make
things comfortable for the moment. The
travellers were very tired, and sleepy as
well, and he bade them an early good-
night, and went back to his own quarters
in the village.
"I will come down in the morning,
probably before you are awake," he said.
"You must go to bed at once."
"We need no second bidding, I assure
you," Elise replied, giving him her hand,
still gloved. "Oh, how we shall sleep
tonight, Nanitai Good-bye till morning,
Odin."
But when they were alone, with the
boy safely tucked in a hastily-swung
hammock in one corner, and the fire
glowing upon the hearth, they drew the
wide low couch closer to the grateful
warmth and sat, abstractly gazing and
silent, far into the small hours of the
morning. Through the still night they
heard the muffled thunder of the break-
ers pounding the south shore, and occa-
sionally the call of the water-fowl pierced
the nearer silence. Inside the cabin the
leaping firelight threw their shadows on
the rude wall and lost its brightness in
the gothic arch of the rafters and in the
gloom of the corners of the room.
* * *
When Elise and her comanions had
been domiciled for a week in the cabin
under the pines, it was quite as if she had
never been away, so kind is time and so
quickly do impressions fade. And yet
many things were changed. There was
Nanita and the boy, and last of all, Elise
herself. Odin's heart ached for her, and
the sight of her heavy veil and always
gloved hands brought a blurr to the eyes
more than once. She told him the story
of her accident calmly enough, conclud-
ing with, "You see there was nothing
left me but to return. And now that I am
here, I wonder that I could have lived
elsewhere, under any circumstances, for
three whole years. But O, my, friend, I
Odin clasped the
"What could I do
'My one hope was
did not deserve to find you waiting for
my return!"
They were sitting upon the brow of the
cliff in the warm, full splendor of the
autumn noon, and over the hills of shin-
ing silver sand came the sweet music of
the sea, clear and crystal-toned, the mys-
tic melody that is heard only when the
winds are still and the waves are at
peace with the shore,
hand she gave him.
but wait?" he said,
for your coming."
"But that I should come like this — "
He slipped his arm about her an drew
her close. In the old days he had never
volunteered a caress. "Like this? You
are dearer to me, if that were possible,
like this."
"And you are content to never look
upon my face — content to know that I —
Oh, you do not know! I wonder why,
when death came so near, he turned
aside and left me a ghastly wreck, forev-
er barred from the light of day?"
"Death knew I needed you, perhaps."
"You? Ah no, but vou are kind to say
it."
"Not kind, but selfish."
"Pity, from any one else in the world,
I could not bear, from you it is sweet,
my Odin."
"It is not pity. I love you."
"Dear friend!"
"My life is yours."
"And I, what can I give you in return?
My gold? You would scorn it. This
poor, scarred hand — no. no, and my
heart? Alas that I should have given it
unsought to one who values it less than
the sands down there on the shore. No,
dear, you see I have nothing — nothing."
"Therefore you have need of me. I ask
but this, the privilege of serving you."
Elise did not reply. She was thinking,
in an idle, half-contented fashion, of the
comfort his protecting arm afforded, of
his tenderness and love, and wondering
if, after all, it were not better to be loved
than to love. But it was not Odin's face
that shone before her mental vision.
Odin's kisses could not quicken her pulse
a single beat. Odin's worshipping
glances did not send the blood flashing
like a thousand-tiped sunbeam through
her veins from heart to brain and back
124
THE 'PACIFIC MONTHLY.
again. And this, perhaps, was why she
found his love so welcome and so com-
forting. As a child, tired out with tears,
creeps to the grateful shelter of its moth-
er's arms, seeking sympathy and conso-
lation, so she leaned upon this strong,
true heart, and was folded in the restful
tenderness of a great, unselfish love.
Some women there are who are reso-
lute and brave, who suffer in silence and
alone, but shrink from sharing a sorrow,
and who shut grief up in the breast and
guard it jealously, fronting, meantime,
the battle of life with unflinching eyes
and set teeth. But Elise was not of
these. Weak, wayward and inconsist-
ent, hitherto a stranger to trouble, she
rebelled against this seeming cruelty of
fate and welcomed the soothing balm of
sympathy. There were times when, for
her soul's salvation she felt that she
must clutch that leaden weight that was
her heart, and with her two maimed
hands, tear it from her breast. "While
my heart beats it must ache," she cried;
"and oh, it is driving me mad!"
Odin's friendship took the keen edge
off the pain, but was powerless to ease
the dull and constant ache that was, after
all, so far more wearing than any acute
agony. There was a certain quality of
manly strength in Odin's character that
invited dependence from a woman like
Elise, who was sufficient unto herself
only while the sun shone and the skies
were blue. Therefore it as well that he
had been constant.
The days drifted by peacefully enough
to all outward seeming. The little house-
hold in the pine grove was left to itself
but for Odin's daily visits, and the
changes that had affected the upper river
had not extended in this direction.
There was still a mile of deep, untrodden
forest between the cabin and the village,
and the fishing fleet never touched prow
on the narrow st:ip of sandy beach that
stretched along its water-guarded front.
There was always the ocean for com-
pany and the two girls gave themselves
up unreservedly to the blended charm
of sea and sky and sun-kissed shore.
For the tender blue of the bending sky
that melted and merged in the bluer sea
those fair October days was a joy no
true-born child of nature could resist.
They spent hours upon the hills or in a.
boat upon the river, silent always, or
speaking vague half-thoughts as in a
dream, disjointedly, dreaming with wide
open eyes through all that perfect month,
yet still unconscious that they dreamed.
Beautiful to hold in memory, those softly
glowing days and nights, like amethysts
and pearls strung on a golden thread;
and to Elise, in after years, the recollec-
tion of their beauty and their quiet was
like a benediction.
With the beginning of November came
the storms sweeping up from the great,
wide seas and lashing the silent river to
a wild fury. In the wake of the wind
followed the rain, and for days it was not
possible to venture out. This imprison-
ment was hardest for the child. He was
like a little wild thing in his love of out-
doors, and now that he was housed, like
a squirrel in a cage, he fretted in a silent
way that was infinitely touching to Elise,
to whom he had grown dearer with every
year of his young life. He would stand
for hours with his round, brown
face pressed against the window
pane gazing out at the white-cap-
ped, tumbling waves glimpsed through'
the tossing branches of the pines.
How often, in her own childhood, she
had stood at that same narrow casement:
and watched the driving storms through'
her brief untroubled winter days! She-
knew, from her own experience, how the-
boy was longing for the clouds to clear
and let him out upon the hills among the
huckleberry and salal.
It was about this time that the shadow
of a great fear began to darken their
lives. They tried to put it away, to be-
lieve it was not there. They laughed
and chatted as they had never done in all'
their days of close companionship, cheat-
ing themselves with forced and artificial
gaiety. But no matter whether they talk-
ed or read, or sewred, or whether they
sat silent in the fire-light listening to the-
wind rustling among the trees and the-
sharp, swift patter of the rain upon the-
shingles, the fear was with them, a
ghostly presence that shaped itself from
the shadows in the corners, and pressed'
nearer and nearer day by day. And then
came a morning in midwinter when
Nanita, on rising, was forced to return;
<A SHEW REMEDY FOR TRUSTS.
125
to her bed.
"It is nothing," she declared, "I shall
be quite well tomorrow."
"Of course," assented Elise. "You
are tired, that is all ; besides, there is no
reason in the world why you should get
up. You shall breakfast in bed and see
how delightful it is to be waited upon.
For this one day you are to be a princess,
the Princess Nanita, and the boy and I
are your slaves. You have only to clap
your hands and we obey your slightest
wish."
And Nanita smiled, lying back upon
her pillows with her black hair like a
midnight cloud tumbled aboot her thin
white face, and her great sombre eyes re-
flecting the shadow that gave the lie to
all light words and laughter.
(To be continued.)
A New Remedy for Trusts.
'By J. W. WHALLEY.
\/ ICTOR HUGO, in his "Toilers of
^ the Sea," gives a thrilling descrip-
tion of a man in the grasp of the Devil-
Fish, or Octopus. A reading of this will
almost inevitably call to mind the dan-
gers and struggles of our people in the
grasp of the trusts which are fastening
their tentacles upon the industries and
means of life of our population, crushing
opposition, paralyzing competition and
gradually converting the community in-
to pabulum to feed the insatiate maw of
organized corporate wealth.
I shall not take time, in this article, to
consider any of the specious arguments
by which the trust has been attempted to
be defended, further than to say that such
arguments do not commend themselves
to one in twenty of our population; only
to those, in fact, who have some direct
pecuniary interest in the perpetuation of
the evils which the common instinct of
mankind recognizes are absolutely in-
compatible with liberty and the pursuit of
happiness. I assume at the outset that the
trust is a great and growing evil, and pro-
pose to address my remarks to the legit-
imate means to be employed for its miti-
gation, if not for its absolute abrogation.
It may be\ laid down as a principle,
which all familiar with the law govern-
ing copartnerships will at once recog-
nize, that the trust can never flourish, or,
indeed, operate, under an agency created
by several distinct copartnerships. The
trust, to be effectual, must be clothed in
the trappings of a corporation. Under
laws permitting consolidation of differ-
ent corporations engaged in the same or
kindred business, will be found the best
environment for its creation and opera-
tion. Here it can work to cheapen
price of output and increase it when
necessary to crush competition, or di-
minish production to cheapen labor,
ruling men and markets as its interests
dictate. Now, when I consider 'the na-
ture of a corporation, how it is created,
whence its powers are derived and
can alone be legitimately exercised,
it is to me astounding that such
considerations have not suggested
to the people, through whom the
artificial entity exists, the means to pre-
vent the genius whom they have unbot-
tled from overpowering the liberator.
A corporation is a franchise existing in
a body politic, and a franchise is a pow-
er of the government existing in, and
conferred on, a legal entity. Corpora-
ations were originally created by the
king's letters patent, issued under his
kingly prerogative. When created by
him the great right of visitation was re-
served, for two purposes: first, to see
that the creature did not usurp the king-
ly prerogative ; second, to enable the king,
as parens patrie, to prevent his creature
from invading the rights or liberties of
his subjects. Upon the successful revolt
of the American colonies, and the subse-
quent establishment of the government
of the United States, the kingly powers
125
THE 'PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
and prerogatives as to corporations be-
came vested in the United States as to
matters to which they were supreme,
and, in the several states, in respect to all
matters in which they were sovereign.
Hence, the right of visitation is possessed
both by the United States government
and by the states as to corporations cre-
ated by each. Although this right has
not very often been exercised in the
United States, yet its existence is uni-
versally recognized by jurists and public-
ists. We see a most striking instance of
its beneficial use in the case of National
banks, and, observing there the excel-
lence of its effects, I cannot but regret
that the legislative power in the state has
not sought, in this reserved power, the
remedy for the evils of corporate aggres-
sion on the welfare of the public.
Both in England and in the United
States, there has been steady corporate
growth, and, owing to the influences ex-
ercised by interested parties on the legis-
latures, the safeguards, which those
bodies usually imposed in special char-
ters of incorporation which they grant-
ed, have been measurably removed
by allowing the formation of corpora-
tions under general corporation laws, un-
til, today, we have practical free trade in
corporations which may be formed in the
conduct of any and all businesses what-
ever, subject only to the limitation that
the business purposes are lawful.
Partnerships, under such a system, in
which each partner was bound, in solido,
for the created debts, have given place to
the corporation in which the corporators
are bound only to the extent of their un-
paid subscription to the capital stock.
This capital stock, in many cases, if not
the greater amount of instances, has
been paid up by the sale of property at a
greatly enhanced value to the corpora-
tion whose directors are under the in-
fluence of the vendor, and stock in the
corporation, paid up and non-assessable,
is issued to the vendor in exchange for
the property transferred.
There is, no doubt, great reason why
corporations should be created to man-
age matters in which the people, as a
whole, have an interest. Railways,
banks, canals, public bridges, water com-
panies to supply the public with water,
irrigation companies formed to bring
areas of unused land into cultivation,
municipal lighting companies, etc., etc.,
are all of such a public nature as to re-
quire notice and action by the governing
power, either by directly owning, man-
aging and controlling such matters itself,
or by granting a franchise to a corpora-
tion to own, manage and control them.
Whether the state should itself do this,
or effect the same purpose by granting a
franchise to others must depend upon the
consideration as to whether the true in-
terests of society will not be better pre-
served by delegation of the power of the
state, than by its own immediate exercise.
I do not attempt to decide this question.
What I do desire to make plain is that a
franchise to be a corporation should nev-
er be granted by a state unless it is nec-
essary to the carrying out of some great
and pressing public enterprise in which
the community, as a whole, has an inter-
est. Why should a half a dozen barbers,
or clothiers, or blacksmiths, or grocers,
be granted a franchise as a corporation?
Why should a power of the government
be vested in an artificial entity to conduct
a barber Shop! I mention these
matters to show how far we have
traveled from the original concept of a
corporation, and to urge from the "re-
ductio ad absurdum" the pressing exist-
ing necessity for a repeal of all general
incorporation laws.
It is from such looseness in legisla-
tion that the trust evils exist. But, it
seems to me, it is entirely owing to the
apathy of the people that they survive.
Each state has the absolute right to in-
hibit any corporation formed in any oth-
er state from doing business in its bor-
ders, to impose the terms upon which it
may be allowed to act in the state. Each
state has the right to create a board of
visitation with power to investigate the
business and affairs of every corporation
doing business within it, to see in what its
capital stock consists, whether paid-up
in cash or in "chips and whetstones," to
determine the existing ratio between its
property and debts, and to provide means
to force the corporation into liquidation
whenever the visitation shall show that
such corporation is abusing or not exer-
cising its powers, or is violating law, or
is insolvent. The state has the right to
make such a board a quasi-tribunal, with
<A SKEW REMEDY FOR TRUSTS.
127
power to send for persons and papers, to
administer oaths, to compel attendance
of witnesses, etc., and to require the pub-
lication of their report in the newspapers
of the state.
The state has the right to declare, by-
law, that no corporation which delegates
the management or control of its affairs
to a trust, or which ceases to retain the
full control of its business, or which en-
ters into any pooling contract with any
other corporation, shall, ipse facto, die
and be condemned to go into liqui-
dation.
I cannot approve of the re-
cent legislation in Missouri which
denies the right to the trust
to recover in the courts of that state
from an inhabitant for goods, etc., sold
en credit. The manifest injustice of such
legislation is as great as that of the trust
against which it is directed, and two
wrongs cannot make a right. But there
is no wrong in the remedy I have sug-
gested. The right exists, both in law and
in morals, to coerce the creature to act
within the law; of its being, and, as I
have suggested, this can be done by the
intelligent and just exercise of an admit-
ted governmental power over the crea-
ture by visitation.
Some, to whom I have mentioned the
foregoing ideas, have said to me that cor-
orations could not exist under such a cal-
cium light as visitation and publication
of reports would throw upon them. It
pleased me to hear this criticism, which,
although not quite true, was yet suffi-i-
ently near the mark to assure me that my
critics recognized the fact that the en-
forcement of the right would compel a
great :eadjustment of the business of the
country on the copartnership basis.
nAll corporations fit to exist, organized
for oiiblic utilities, could well afford to
have and undergo such visitation and
publication. The report would show
whether the business was conducted with
fair remuneration for the capital em-
ployed, for the labor engaged; whether
it was sound or rotten, and whether it
was meeting its public and private obli-
gations. Such reports would tend, if
published, to strengthen the position of
all honestly-conducted public enterprises,
but would be the deserved death of all
those which existed for public swindling
through stock-jobbing operations, capi-
tal watering, and kindred nefarious deal-
ings. The remedy1 is plain. Will our
legislators have the honesty to resist the
bribes of the corporate lobbies when it is
brought forward and attempted to be en-
acted into law? Will they accept the
bribes, and by indirection, whilst
pretending to oppose the trust,
secretly, by unconstitutional leg-
islation, present some other pre-
tended remedy which the trusts can
successfully resist on the ground of its
unconstitutionality? Time alone can de-
termine, but of one thing I am assured,
that unless the remedy I have suggested,
or one equally as far-reaching and effica-
cious, is adopted, the socialistic govern-
ment of Bebel and Lasalle, in which all
affairs and business shall be conducted
by the state, and mankind loose in-
dividuality, is much nearer trial than
many suppose.
To sum up, then, abolishment of gen-
eral corporatiion laws; creation of cor-
porations solely for general public pur-
poses by special legislative charters; the
exercise of the visitorial power of the
state in the way hereinbefore indicated;
the inhibition of all corporations from
doing business in the state which are
identified with a trust, constitute the
lines on which effective, just and consti-
tutional legislation, inimical to the trust,
can safely proceed. In the visitorial
power of the state will be found the club
of Hercules for the destruction of the
trust Hvdra.
A Quatrain.
"Go thou and pluck a rose — the fairest one,
But only — if for life thou carest — one!"
I searched the garden through; took me a
glorious bud — ■
And then, alas, too late! beheld the rarest
one.
Ed<rvard Othmer.
The series on "Wyeth's Expeditions to Oregon," by F. G. Young, of the University of Oregon,
'will be continued next month, and a new department, "The Idler," conducted by SMiss Catharine
Cogswell, <will begin. In September the publishers will commence a series on the "Indian cArabian
Niahts." a remarkable collection of Indian legends made by Prof. H. S. Lyman, of Astoria, Oregon.
The American people have not at-
tained, without a commensurate sacrifice,
the enviable position that they hold today
in the commercial, manufacturing, scien-
tific and professional world. The strug-
gle for riches, the hurry and bustle of life
incident to our environment, the adjust-
ment of social conditions, these have left
an indelible impress upon the fea-
tuies and lives of our people.
Conditions have made^ us a nerv-
ous nation. This in turn has brought
about the almost universal habit of
worrying — the greatest evil of the Amer-
ican people. From the laborer who
goes with his bucket in hand to his work,
to the president or manager of some of
our great enterprises, each day is largely
a day of worry. The trouble is that
Americans are too ambitious. They
plan too much in advance of their means,
their ability to carry out what they plan,
and obligate themselves when they can-
not meet their obligations. Worry is the
natural result. And this condition is not
only true as individuals, but of com-
panies, communities, cities and even
states. The village becomes ambitious,
and issues bonds thoughtlessly for the
future generations to carry. The city in-
dulges in municipal luxuries which pru-
dence would deny, the state is still more
lavish, and the federal government
seemingly shuts its eyes, grabs the mon-
ey in handfuls and throws it broadcast.
The burden rests upon the people. Yet
as with individuals so with nations. The
individual, dissatisfied with slow pro-
gress, obligates himself, and sows the
seed of worry. The city, the state, the
nation, do likewise. We must learn, as
individuals, to be more content. WTe
must learn it is wisdom not to force pro-
gress, but to let our art and our litera-
ture, our commerce and science and
manufactures assume their destined po-
sition through healthy growth. We
must learn that superficiality is detri-
mental to true national greatness. We
must stop the restless, nervous cram-
ming in all phases of life and work —
the cramming superficiality which char-
acterizes us in our public schools. By
rooting out the causes which have made
America a worrying, nervous nation — a
result which time alone can accomplish,
the individual and the nation will become
saner and more substantial. And yet,
after all is said, nothing is more sense-
less than worry. Of all the feelings to
which we are subject, it is, ordinarily
speaking, least without justification.
One's duty to one's self urges him to put
it resolutely aside, and not, as many are
inclined to do, to indulge one's self in it.
It is well to remember that "worry kills,
not work."
A
That the public is unusually interested
in the question of expansion was shown
last month in the sale of The Pacific
Monthly. 5,250 copies of the magazine
were printed. All of them were sold,
and the publishers were confronted with
a demand for 750 copies more which
could not be supplied. While other arti-
cles in the magazine undoubtedly con-
tributed somewhat to this very desirable
state of affairs, doubtless it was brought
about principally by the announcement
of the series on expansion, which was
opened by Mr. C. E. S. Wood's "Im-
perialism vs. Democracy." Mr. Wallace
McCamant ably presents the argu-
ments in favor of expansion in this
number.
A
In many respects Astronomy is the
most wonderful and fascinating study
that occupies the attention of man. The
OUR POINT OF VIEW.
129
study of the heavens, more than any-
thing else, impresses us with a profound
sense not only of the insignificance of
man, his trials, struggles, ambitions, the
affairs that engage his attention, the
shortness, indeed the pusillanimity, of his
life, but it even oppresses us with an
overwhelming realization of the
insignificance of the world in which
he lives — nay, even of the universe
in which his world moves. Thousands
of years ago the Psalmist wrote: "When
I consider thy heavens, the work of thy
fingers; the moon and the stars, wlucn
thou hast ordained; what is man, chac
thou art mindfui of Lim?" Yet it is
doubtful if many of the most tremendous
and marvelous facts now known to As-
tronomy were understood at that time.
Professor Simon Newcomb, in the July
number of one of our magazines, states
some Of these great truths in such
a way as to "stagger the imagina-
tion," (as Captain Rockwell says of
the Grand Coulee), "and cause
the mind to humbly doubt the
ability of its reasoning power." The
thoughts suggested by this article take
one out of the narrow confines of every-
day life, which, too often, is made up a
weary and monotonous round that indu-
ces a sordid view of life and living, and
places him with a bound into the realm
of the infinite.
The conviction that we are in the
midst of a social revolution of tremen-
dous importance is forcing itself upon
thinking men and women the world over.
A glance at present conditions shows
plainly that this is true. Competition, as
an incentive in business, is being rapidly
eliminated through the agency of trusts.
Advanced theories of municipal govern-
ment are being adopted by some of our
largest cities. In education the practical
elements are beginning to receive more
attention than ever before, and the na-
tic ns of the world are represented at The
Hague in a peace conference, which,
though it may come to naught, shows,
at least, the trend of events. These, how-
ever, are but the tangible expressions of
a seething, rumbling movement for more
equitable social conditions — a movement
that is often spoken of as coming, but
which, we cannot but believe, is here and
now, leaving its impress upon the world
as clearly as the marks of any political or
religious revolution in history.
*
That the Peace Conference now in
session at The Hague would fail to ac-
complish its object was a foregone con-
clusion. No one seriously thought that
the nations could come together and de-
cide to disarm. It is a very significant
fact, however, that a conference for such
a purpose should be held, and the delib-
erations will not be without some good
result. It is too soon to accomplish dis-
armament; it is not too soon to' speak of
it.
The action of the trustees of the Le-
land Stanford, Jr., University, at the in-
stance of Mrs. Stanford, in limiting the
number of women who may attend the
University to 500, brings before the pub-
lic again the much-discussed question of
co-education. The University has re-
cently been endowed by Mrs. Stanford
with a sum which has been estimated by
one competent to judge as high as $38,-
000,000.00. Every advantage that un-
limited means can secure will be obtain-
ed for the students fortunate enough to
attend the university. Only 500 women
will be able to take advantage of this
generosity. The number of men will be
limited only by the capacity of the build-
ings. With this large endowment and
constantly increasing facilities for work,
there was no necessity for such action
unless it was desirable in itself. This
limitation, therefore, means, in general,
that co-education has not proven the suc-
cess that its adherents claim for it. It
means, in particular, that the attendance
of a very large number of women at
Stanford is detrimental to the Universi-
ty's best interests. It is a blow to co-ed-
ucation that will undoubtedly have a far-
reaching influence.
A
The Venezuela Boundary Commission
is now in session in Paris — a fact which
carries with it a certain well-defined
sense of satisfaction and gratification to
every American. It recalls a time, not
long since, when Cleveland and Olney
prevailed upon Great Britain to make
the most notable back-down in history.
Long live the Queen!
IN POLITICS—
Judging" by present indications, one
of the issues which will divide the parties
in the next presidential election will be
expansion. From the nature of the case,
Republicans generally favor expansion,
while Democrats are opposed to it.
Other issues are likely to turn upon the
trusts, election of senators by popular
vote and the money question, as the
Democrats seem determined to make
"silver" an issue in the campaign. Dem-
ocratic conventions held to date, have,
with few exceptions, endorsed the propo-
sition to fight the battle out again on "16
to i." The great majority of newspa-
pers, however, consider this a dead issue.
President Schurman, chairman of the
Philippine Peace Commission, has been
recalled owing to a disagreement with
General Otis as to the policy to be pur-
sued. The incident has been the cause of
an avalanche of criticism from those who
are oppqsed to the President's policy in
the Philippines.
On May 29 President McKinley is-
sued an order amending the civil service
rules st) that, according to the National
Civil Service Reform League, 10,109 °^~
ces and positions are removed from the
civil service. The Post (Rep.), of Syra-
cuse, N. Y., in upholding the action,
savs :
"There is no question, probably, that the
interests of civil-service reform have suf-
fered in some ways from a too blind and
headlong extension of its principles, and the
feature that has been most frequently and
severely commented upon is the including of
so-called confidential positions among the
others, in such a way that the head of a de-
partment has found it impossible to appoint
his own private secretary, or. a man in a po-
sition of trust, the assistant who should han-
dle the funds. It is in these directions
chiefly, as we understand it, that the oper-
ation of civil-service law is amended by the
present order."
The New York Herald takes the other
side, as follows:
"In a speech on the floor of Congress nine
years ago Mr. McKinley said: 'If the Repub-
lican party of this country is pledged to any
one thing more than another it is the main-
tenance of the civil service law and its ef-
fective execution; not only that but to its
enlargement. The Republican party must
take no step backward.' In the St. Louis
platform, on which Mr. McKinley was nomi-
nated, the Republicans renewed their repeat-
ed declaration that the civil service shall be
thoroughly and honestly enforced and ex-
tended wherever possible. Again, in his in-
augural, President McKinley declared of it:
'I shall attempt its enforcement in the spirit
in which it was enacted. The best interests
of the country demand this.' Nothing could
be more deliberate, emphatic, and solemn,
than these pledges of the party and the Pres-
ident. In the face of them the blow now
struck at the civil-service is indefensible,
and admits of no explanation that will en-
hance the good name of the party or the dig-
nity of the President." — The Herald (Ind.),
New York.
President McKinley has decided to call
for volunteers for service in the Philip-
pines. About 12,000 men, or nine regi-
ments, are needed. The call for troops
will be made as soon as the necessary ar-
rangements for a recruiting system can
be made.
In the Alaska boundary dispute, Can-
ada claims that the ten leagues ("the
limit,'' according to the treaty with Rus-
sia, "between the British possessions and
the line of Coast") should be measured
from the outside edge of the islands
fringing the Coast, while the United
States holds that they should be meas-
ured from the coast line of the mainland.
"If Canada's claim is correct, the impor-
tant towns of Skagway and Dyea and
Pyramid Harbor will become hers; if in-
correct they will remain ours." The
treaty with Russia says that the Ameri-
can possessions "shall be formed by a
line parallel to the coast, ana which shall
never exceed the distance of ten marine
leagues therefrom."
*
The French court of Cassation decid-
THE MONTH.
m
ed on June 3 to grant Dreyfus a new
trial. The Literary Digest says:
"The decision is received on this side of
the water without great surprise, but with
many expressions of gratification and of con-
gratulation, not so much to Dreyfus as to
France herself. The general opinion, as
rendered by the press, is that France is
about to "vindicate her nonor" in a way fair
better than the one she tried when she con-
victed the innocent artillery captain in 1894.
It is said that the judges of the Court of Cas-
sation, who declared unanimously for the
new trial, were restrained from declaring
Dreyfus innocent and setting him free only
by the fact that it would not be correct legal
procedure. There is said to be no doubt that
the court-martial at the new trial will acquit
Dreyfus, as there remains not a shred of
proof to be offered against him. The docu-
ments are now known to be forgeries and
the personal testimonies false. Col. du Paty
de Clam, the chief persecutor of Dreyfus,
is in jail. Esterhazy confessed that he
forged the bordereau. As no other Jewish
officers in the French army nave been at-
tacked in all the time since Dreyfus was ar-
rested, the motive for such a relentless per-
secution and seeming conspiracy against
this one artillery captain becomes somewhat
of a mystery. Dreyfus, released from his
long captivity on Devil's Island, will be
present at his new trial, which will be held
at Rennes, nearly 200 miles west of Paris."
The rumors that Secretary Alger
would retire from the cabinet upon the
announcement of his candidacy for the
senate have proven unfounded. Alger
has secured Pingree as an ally, and his
platform will include opposition to
trusts and a declaration in favor of sena-
torial elections by popular vote. Both
Secretary Alger and Governor Pingree
consider these questions the two most
important before the people todav.
The opposition of the Emperor of Ger-
many to the proposals for universal
peace will probably prevent the peace
conference, now in session at The
Hague, from accomplishing anything
definite along those lines.
IN SCIENCE—
M. Germain, a Frenchman, has in-
vented, a telephone through which sing-
ing and speaking may be heard at a dis-
tance of 300 feet from the receiver, says
the Literary Digest. Several more in-
ventors are in the field with devices for
wireless telephony, although none of
them seems to have been practically suc-
cessful yet. These devices are all model-
ed on the Marconi system of wireless
telegraphy, although the older system,
which is still believed by its adherents to
be the best, would seem better adapted
to telephony.
Danilewsky, a Russian, has invented a
new dirigible balloon.
According to Dr. Eskine-Murray, one
of the chief electricians of the Maconi
Company, there is no difficulty in the
way of sending messages by wireless
telegraphy from Europe to America that
cannot be overcome. A wire suspended
from an eighty-foot mast will send a
message twenty miles, and at this pro-
portion, were there another Eiffel tower
in New York, it would be possible to send
messages to Paris through the ether and
get answers. Dr. Murray says that
neither land nor sea nor atmospheric
conditions effect the transmission of
wirless telegraphy messages.
IN LITERATURE—
Public interest is still very fairly divid-
ed between Balzac and the Browning
Love letters. Kipling seems to have re-
tired a step or two into the background,
temporarily, of course, though "The Kip-
ling Hysteria," as treated by Dr. Henry
Austin in a recent issue of The Dial,
continues to excite discussion. In Kip-
ling's youth, according to Mr. Austin,
lies his hope for the future. "He is yet
gloriously young, and to youth all things
are possible." Dr. Felix Adler denoun-
ces his teaching of the "gospel of force,"
while he admits the strength and virility
of his verse. Henry Wysham Lanier
says that Kipling's best claim to atten-
tion is his intimate sympathy with all
things animate and inanimate. He is
the poet of humanity, the voice of the
dumb, unspeaking world of men and
things. Meantime the world is waiting
to hear a new note sounded in the young
man's singing, the result of recent pain
and sorrow. Experience leaves some
impress alwavs.
In the preface of Professor Lombroso's
new book, "The Cause and Cure of
132
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
Crime," which is, in reality, a vindication
of his school of thought, he ventures the
suggestion that, "We might counteract
the dangerous influence of high temper-
ature on crime, if we could give the en-
tire population cold baths, as was done
in ancient Rome." This work of Lom-
broso's is one of the most talked about
scientific books of the day, and is gener-
ally conceded to be his most practical
effort.
IN EDUCATION—
Professor Arthur T. Hadley has been
elected president of Yale, Benjamin Ide
Wheeler, president of the University of
California, and Dr. Strong, president
of the University of Oregon.
The Chautauqua at Gladstone Park.
The ideal and the practical unite in the
American character. This may solve the
phenomenal grow7th of summer assem-
blies. Like the old Greek academy
where Pythagoris and Plato walked and
talked in the groves of Athens, the
American Chautauqua has leaped in a
decade of years to the favorite resort of
scholars and artists.
But 1899 eclipses all the rest. Five
stars have lent their radiance to the seas-
on. Sam Jones the greatest preacher;
Jahu DeW'itt Miller, the greatest Chau-
tauqua lecturer; Frank Beard, the great-
est cartoonist; Emerson E. White, the
noted educator, and Camden Cobern,
the leading American Egyptologist.
Sam Jones, the irrepressible and inimit-
able, gives three lectures. Immediately
following Sam Jones comes Jahu De-
Witt Miller, who "walks faster, talks
faster, writes faster, eats faster, than any
other man on the American continent."
For eight successive years has Jahu De-
Witt Miller been recalled to the old
Chautauqua in New York, ten times to
the assembly at Lexington, Kentucky,
and twelve times to Winfield, Kansas.
It has been heretofore impossible to se-
cure him for the coast.
Frank Beard, the cartoonist, is the
only real successor of Thomas Nast in
America, and is the first distinguished
artist that could talk as well as he could
sketch. It is said that Frank Beard has
appeared more times on the old Chautau-
qua platform than any other speaker
whatsoever.
Never has the list of instructors and
teachers been so large as now. Superin-
tendent Potter, of the Chemawa Indian
school, has already engaged space for
his large Indian encampment, and the
Indian boys and girls will give another
one of their delightful literary and music-
al programmes. Two hundred young
men of the Portland Y. M. C. A. have
engaged grounds for their outing in con-
nection with the games and athletics.
The prizes for baseball, basket ball, field
sports and bicycle races are already on
exhibition in Portland.
July 1 8th to 29th.
IN ART—
Frank Du Mond, the American artist
who, with his gifted young wife, Helen
Savier, is but recently returned from a
four years' sojourn in Paris, has opened
a studio in St. Helen's Hall, and may be
seen there almost any day. He devotes
two evenings each week to the Portland
Sketch Club and promises to exhibit the
results of his summer's work before go-
ing awray in September . The people of
Portland, and of Oregon, eagerly await
this opportunity to see something from
the brush of the famous painter. And
they are even more eager to behold the
work of Mrs. Du Mond, whom they are
proud to claim as their own, a daughter
of Oregon, and of the great Northwest.
The August number of the Pacific
Monthly will contain interesting sketches
of these two notable young Americans
and their work and methods.
A
The young priest-composer, Perosi,
according to the Criterion, is a youth
with "both blood and music in his veins,"
and this being the case, "He will bear
watching." Although loved and honor-
ed, almost idolized in his own Italy, he
has been rather "chillingly" received in
New York. The musical critics there pro-
nounce him not the prodigy he has been
advertised. His oratorio, "The Resur-
rection of Lazarus," as produced at the
Metropolitan Opera House, disappointed
an audience that was by no means pre-
pared to be enthusiastic. This critical;
and unimpassioned reception is some-
what surprising when compared with
the glowing ardor with which he was
THE SMONTH.
133
received in Europe. The following de-
scription of his personal appearance is
interesting: "The Abbe Perosi, maes-
tro of the Chapel of St. Mark of Venice,
and director of the Sistine, is but twenty-
six years of age. He is short and has a
very juvenile appearance. His head is a
little too large for his body, perhaps, but
he has an open countenance, regular fea-
tures and a pair of remarkably intelli-
gent eyes. He is very simple, with affec-
tionate cordiality, and shows a modesty
that is touching. It is interesting to
watch him conduct his orchestra. His lan-
gorous gestures during the rendition of
expressive passages, his naive passion
when the music becomes dramatic, evoke
the remembrance of no less a personality
than that of Fra Angelico.
IN RELIGIOUS THOUGHT—
Several Methodist congregations in
Chicago have lately introduced vested
choirs.
*
The strife in the Church of England
over ritual is as far from settlement as
ever. Ian Maclaren (Dr. Watson), in a
recent number of the North American
Review, sums up the situation in a very
clear and dispassionate manner. Mean-
time the cartoonist finds in the animated
discussion much material for his work.
To those who have followed the Whit-
sitt controversy the resignation of the
eminent doctor from the presidency of
the Baptist Theological Seminary comes
in the nature of a relief, regardless of
sympathy. Concurrent public opin-
ion is to the effect that Dr.
Whitsitt's cause loses nothing by
reason of his honorable and dignified
retirement, while the Baptist church
gains immeasurably by the cessation of
active differences.
LEADING EVENTS—
May 22 — President Schurman, of the Phil-
ippine Commission makes definite offers of
peace to the insurgents.
May 23 — The United States Cruiser Olym-
pia, with Admiral Dewey on board, arrives
■at Hong Kong.
May 24 — Queen Victoria's eightieth birth-
day is observed throughout the world.
May 25 — Professor Arthur T. Hadley is
■elected president of Yale University.
May 26— The payment of $3,000,000 to the
(Cuban army begins.
May 27 — In Paris Ex-President Harrison
has an interview with President Loubet.
May 28— The rank of a brevet brigadier-
general is conferred upon Colonel Summers
of the Second Oregon Volunteers.
May 29 — At Bath, Maine, the torpedo-boat
Dahlgren is safely launched.
May 30 — In Paris Count Esterhazy is ac-
cused of writing the bordereau.
May 31 — In Washington Baron von Hol-
lebon, the German ambassador, makes ob-
jection to the dispatching of another warship
to Samoa.
June 1 — In Madrid Premier Silvela urges
the necessity of reforms.
June 2 — In London the Queen recom-
mends a grant of $30,000 to Major General
Lord Kitchener.
June 3 — In Paris the court of cassation ren-
ders a verdict in favor of revision of the
Dreyfus case.
June 4 — On the Morong peninsula the Ore-
gon troops engage the Filipinos and are vic-
torious.
June 5 — In Lima Senor Edouardo Alza-
mera is elected president of Peru. — In Paris
President Loubet is publicly assaulted.
June 6 — Admiral Dewey sails from Hong
Kong.
June 7 — In Cleveland, Ohio, Senator Han-
na denies the report sent from Washington
that he intends to retire from the chairman-
ship of the National Republican Committee.
June 8 — In Berlin the budget committee of
the Reichstag votes the first installment of
the 300,000 marks for tne German Antarctic
expedition.
June 9 — In Paris Lieutenant-Colonel Pic-
quart is provisionally released from cus-
tody.
June 10 — Dreyfus sails from Devil's Is-
land, enroute for France.
June 11 — Bellamy Storer, the new United
States minister to Spain, arrives in Madrid.
June 12 — The available cash balance in
the United States treasury is $272,346,728.
The gold reserve is $234,346,676.
Junel4 — Oregon's contribution to the new
cup-defender Columbia is made in the form
of a mast of Oregon' pine.
June 15 — The 27th annual reunion of the Or-
egon Pioneers meets in Portland.
Jun 16 — In Madrid the Queen Regent re-
ceives the new United States Minister.
June 17 — In Paris Waldeck-Rosseau asks
for more time to form a ministry.
June 18 — In New York the tlraFneC reetad
June 18 — In New York the Central Feder-
ated Labor Union demands the recall and
trial by court-martial of General Merriman,
because of his policy regarding the striking
miners at Couer d'Alene.
June 19 — In London the Prince of Wales
holds the final levee of the season.
June 20 — In Berlin the bill authorizing the
acquisition of the Caroline, Ladrone and Pe-
lew islands by Germany is submitted to the
reichstag.
June 21 — In Paris General Larouque is ar-
rested for an offense not yet made public.
Elizabeth Calvert preaches a very wise
sermon in brief in this little poem, "The
Scorner," which is among the best, by
the way, in the rather limited collection
* of verse which she offers to the public
in a tastefully bound volume entitled
"The Boat-man God." There is a spirit
of piety, earnest and womanly and
sweet, breathing through all that she has
written here, and it lends a charm to her
work that is both welcome and refresh-
ing. "The Boat-man God" is a legend
of the Indians of the Sound, and tells
how, ages ago, the Christ came out of
the sun-lit sea in a brazen canoe to preach
the gospel of brotherly love and remis-
sion of sin to the savage Siwash.
The name of General King's new and
much lauded novel which draws its in-
spiration from the Philippines and the
American soldier in the Spanish-Ameri-
can war, is not, at this writing, given to
the world. Perhaps its enterprising pub-
lisher is afraid that it will be pirated if it
appears in advance of the book itself.
But according to the lucky readers who
have seen the first installments of the
story it surpasses everything in the his-
tory of military romance hitherto writ-
ten. Thrilling, exciting, realistic and
fascinating are a few of the adjectives it
is proper to use in describing its most
striking feaures. Captain Kmg was an
acknowledged favorite with the Ameri-
can public, but General King is going to
capture the readers of two continents
when this new book appears. The first
edition will consist of one hundred
thousand copies and will be beautifully
illustrated with half-tone portraits of the
distinguished author.
*
The Land of the Midnight Sun.
By J. B. Prather.
This book is beautifully gotten up and
profusely illustrated from photographs
made by the author and publisher him-
self. In fact there is very little within its
elegant covers aside from the pictures,
but the pictures are so attractive and in-
teresting that reading matter can, in
this instance, be dispensed with. There
is a striking view of the breaking up of
winter on the Yukon where the ice-jam
is mountain high. Another represents
the interior of the old Greek church and
the famous painting of the Madona.
But the scene that possesses a charm all
its own is that of Dawson, the city of
gold, in the wierd light of the midnight
sun.
The author of "A Modern Instance,"
which was good, and of unnumbered
novels that are not even bad, but simply
indifferent, seems at last to have gotten
out of his long accustomed rut, and in
the first surprise of finding his creative
faculties in a new environment has pro-
duced the delightfully fresh and original
character, "Ragged Lady." The world
is exceedingly grateful to Mr. Howells
for giving it this evidence of a new-born
originality, inasmuch as it had grown to
believe him indissolubly wedded to a cer-
tain type of womankind, monotonously
vapid and irritatingly insistent. The
dear "Ragged Lady" must have been
quite as much of a surprise to her crea-
tor as to the reading public. Let us hope
that her advent heralds the dawn of a
new epoch in the literary life of her for-
tunate author.
*
Sir Edwin Arnold in his "Garden of
Roses," has given to the knowledge of
American readers one of the Persian
classics whose beauty and value all but
equals that of the Rubaiyat. It was writ-
ten by Shaikh Sa'di, of Shiraz, about
1200 A. D., and is a collection of a hun-
dred short proverbial stories, charming
in style and sparkling with wit. It is
needless to say that the "Gulistan" loses
nothing in Sir Edwin's translation. In-
deed it is an open question if it is not
rather enriched hereby.
"I went to seek for Love among the roses,
the roses,"
sang the seeker after the best of all good
which the world contains to-day, or ev-
er has since time began. But love, the
great strong, undying, clear-eyed Love
that is the salvation of the race, is not to
be found chasing bright-winged butter-
flies in Aphrodite's garden, nor yet in
any splendid
" temple, marble-based and gold above
Where the long procession marches
'Neath the incense-clouded arches
In the world-compelling worship of the
mighty God of Love."
But out of the darkness, out of the
solitude of years, out of the deeps of hu-
man pain and human passion. Love
comes unsought, and with the divine
glory of his presence fills the world — the
whole wide world. For the measure of
the universe is the capacity of the human
heart for loving.
The offspring of the pagan goddess
has been so recklessly and illegitimate-
ly advertised under Love's name
that unthinking men and women have
grown to believe that the imposter rep-
resents all there is, and even the philos-
ophers who are so much wiser than or-
dinary people, are often deluded into
mistaking- him for the Real Love who
was born ot far different parentage, in
the dim beginning of time.
The love of a man for a woman, of the
mother for her child, the love of friend,
for friend — if it stops at this is not real,
is it not lasting and sincere, because it
is essentially selfish. The maternal ele-
ment in a woman's love is that quality
which eliminates selfishness. The
strongest mother-love is that which,
when the need arises, is ready to offer
up the child as a sacrifice upon the alter
of universal affection which reaches out
and embraces the beggar in the street as
tenderly as it folds the petted darling in
the nursery, and which in bearing one
child bears all the world of babyhood
upon its yearning breast. And the love
of a man for his friend if it rises beyond
the commonplace must be quick to suf-
fer all things not for the friend's sake
alone but for all the wo? ' ! >" '"■■ '
This is the cry of the heart of the
mother, the lover, the friend. And this
is the answer to the prayer: —
"Is there no way my life can save thine from
pain?"
" The pain thou must bear
Is the pain of the world's life which thy life
must share.
Thou art one with the world — though I love
thee the best;
And to save thee from pain I must save all
the rest — ."
Hope.
When the heart is weary and full of pain,
When the darkening clouds of grief around
us lie,
When all life's worth and living seems in
vain,
And we supplicate our God to let us die;
Then, like a star in the dome of vast, high
heaven,
Which shineth forth amid the gloom of
night,
Appeareth Hope, and, with a power God-
given,
She scattereth despair and lifts us into
light.
Buelab &(. Sigmund.
Anti-Expansion.
The article of Mr. A. H. Tanner, in the
'June number of the Pacific Monthly, fav-
ors "Expansion" for reasons which he
segregates into five heads. Mr. Tanner
presents no new arguments. He ig-
nores the equities that should exist be-
tween peoples, as between individuals.
He sees no difference between annexing
contiguous territory that might become
a menace to our republican institutions,
and a territory that is 7000 miles away.
To protect us in our, you may say, iso-
lated position, President Monroe an-
nounced the doctrine that any interfer-
ence by European powers in the afiairs
of American nations would be consider-
ed by the United States as an unfriendly
act. This doctrine is good and I would
fight to maintain it, for so soon as Eu-
ropean nations mix in the affairs of this
continent, it is good-by to American inde-
pendence as a nation. The main consid-
eration, you may say the only considera-
tion in Europe, is the balance of power.
One of the strongest incentives in the
present war was to drive Spain (a Eu-
ropean power) from our very door, as it
were, because it stood as a menace to
our interests. The same reason impelled
us to drive France from Mexico, but is
is doubtful if that would have been
strong enough to have induced us to de-
clare war against Spain had it not been
for the blowing up of the Maine.
Mr. Tanner says:
"First. — Wherever American patriot-
ism and blood have placed our flag,
there it should remain.
This is a broad position based on the
Imperialistic doctrine that the (King)
government can do no wrong, or. the
effete doctrine of "might is right." If
the American flag always remains where
it has been placed, it is more than any
European nation can boast. England,
after whipping Napoleon, withdrew
from France. England has frequently
claimed territory that she has had to
give up. Germany in 1871 raised her
flag over Paris, yet withdrew later with-
out dishonor. Japan lately defeated
China, yet failed to get Korea, which she
coveted, or to follow up her advantage
by annexing China. Nations are not
ruled by sentiment.
"Second — We owe a moral duty to
the people of those islands (Philippines)
not to leave them in a worse condition
than we found them."
It would be almost impossible to
do so. Having relieved them from
the oppression of Spain, we should
put them at least on the same
footing as the Cubans. We shall then
have done our duty as becomes a great
and beneficent nation. Annexation is
not a duty, but a self imposed task born
of selfish motives. After having set the
Filipinos up in the business of governing
themselves, it is not our business to
maintain them if they should make a
failure of it. We should assist "them all
we can, but not make ourselves re-
sponsible for their credit or good be-
havior.
"Third — From a commercial stand-
point we should retain them."
This reason entirely supports the sel-
fish motive that prompts annexation,
under the hypocritical cloak of "duty."
"Fourth — We are too great and be-
neficent a government to bottle up our-
selves, or to be bottled u\ ."
By this reasoning we should attain a
greater greatness and beneficence bv
sugjugating Spain, the author of all the-
oppression and trouble in both Cuba and
the Philippines. Why not continue the
good work by subjugating China, Rus-
sia, Turkey? They would all undoubted-
ly be benefitted by our superior civiliza-
tion, and so on "ad infinitum." But in
our beneficence we ignore the greater
duty and are satisfied with subjugating
the weaker power, which had almost been
destroyed by Spanish rule. This must be
beneficent greatness as it avoids much:
QUESTIONS OF THE 'DAY.
137
cost and trouble, gives us commercial
advantages and inflates us with self
righteousness in having fulfilled a "mor-
al duty."
"Fifth — We should retain the terri-
tory acquired in the war as a recom-
pense for expenditures."
Having achieved the object of the war,
the liberation of Cuba, our duty was at
an end. If the cost should be paid, Cuba,
which gets all the benefits should pay it,
if Spain does not. The cost was not
considered when we went to war and that
it should be saddled on the Philippines
is unjust. The cloven hoof here appears
again, "selfishness and commercial in-
terests are the influences that prompt an-
nexation of the Philippines."
G. H. A.
II.
Mr. Tanner defends the administra-
tion's expansion policy by saying "We
have already expanded, and that is the
end of it." This is an absurd argument
based on "Whatever is, is right." It was
used for slavery, and was hurled at our
revolutionary fathers in the interests of
monarchy. It could have been used last
month in favor of Cleveland's civil ser-
vice reform, this month for McKinley's
order, "To the victor belongs the spoils."
Common sense says, if we have wrong-
fully expanded we should make haste to
rightfully contract. It will be a danger-
ous day when a President can commit us
irretrievably to such a far-reaching pol-
icy by his unauthorized act.
Mr. Tanner asserts, "That our sove-
reignty over Cuba is just as complete as
over any territory we ever acquired." In
view of our resolutions at the beginning
of the Spanish war, such a claim is not
consistent with national honor. We are
under the most sacred obligations to per-
mit the Cubans to form their own gov-
ernment. Let us hope .our greed will
not overcome our good resolutions. We
have no more right to annex these
islands without their consent than I have
to appropriate my neighbor's farm.
Thousands of lives and millions of
treasure must be sacrificed before this
"expansion" is an accomplished fact.
We have a few hundred dead there now,
but if the imperial jingo folly is contin-
ued, we will have many thousands. Our
boys did not volunteer to acquire terri-
tory, but to free a people. Better haul
down our flag than to have it shield a
wrong.
The Filipinos want to govern them-
selves. Is that a crime? Should we de-
stroy their homes, burn their towns and
kill them because of it?
The Louisiana purchase, is quoted as a
conclusive precedent for expansion.
But in that case, as in all other acqui-
sitions down to 1898, it was stipulated,
by treaty or otherwise, that the ceded
territory should, as soon, as possible, be
formed into states and admitted into the
Union. It was contiguous territory —
"Ours by locality and kindred ties."
Our own people could occupy it and
make it a part of our own country. "A
foreign flag was removed from Ameri-
can soil." A hostile boundary was elim-
inated, and the Mississippi was opened.
We were removed further from Europ-
ean broils.
The exact reverse of nearly all this is
true in the case of the Philippines, in the
torrid zone, 8000 miles from our nearest
shore, densely populated by a people
foreign to us in language, manners and
customs. In the one case we had the
implied consent of the people, in the
other we have fierce, hostile opposi-
tion. Jefferson was no imperialist — he
had no war of criminal aggression — he
was certainly a more skilful expansionist
than McKinley.
The rights of man and the principles
upon which our government is founded
are entirely ignored in the usual imper-
ialist's argument. He loses sight of our
own history and traditions. Every war
in which we have engaged has been for
the rights of man. The first was for our
own liberation, the second against the
impressment of seamen, the third for the
independence of Texas, the fourth for
the freedom of the slave, and the last for
the freedom of Cuba. But who shall
name the object of the present war?
H. CB. SKjchol&s.
CONDUCTED BY DOWNING, HOPKINS & CO.
The Agricultural Department has is-
sued a circular giving the substance of
reports received by it up to June 10 on
the condition of foreign crops. It says
that a British commercial estimate tenta-
tively puts the world's wheat crop of 1899
at 2,504,000,000 bushels, against 2,748,-
000,000 bushels in 1898, a reduction of
244,000,000 bushels, or nearly 8.9 per
cent. Another estimate makes a reduc-
tion of 352,000,000 bushels. Such infor-
mation as can be gathered from differ-
ent countries is then given in detail.
Reports from the country around
Odessa and Nikolaieff, Russia, represent
the winter grain crops, both wheat
and rye, as almost destroyed by
drought, by which the spring grains
also had been severely injured,
and would soon be beyond help
unless relieved by rain. Taking into ac-
count the injuries heretofore reported as
having been caused by insects in three
or four other provinces within the winter
wheat region, it is evident, the department
says, that the crop of bread grain for the
empire as a whole cannot be a good one,
notwithstanding that for few other locali-
ties which have been heard from the re-
ports are generally favorable. It has
even been suggested that the crop may
not exceed that of 1897.
Information from Germany is scant,
but there has been complaint of deficient
sunshine and warmth, and the harvest
was thought likely to be a week or two
later than usual. Later advices indicate
better weather in various parts of Ger-
many.
According to official reports on the
Austrian crops for the middle of May,
wheat and barley promised about an av-
erage yield, but rye and oats were below
that standard.
Severe drought has prevailed in Rou-
mania, and the wheat and rye crops are
not expected to give more than half of
an average yield. Some estimate the
wheat crop at no more than 30 per cent
of an average. Other cereals also have
suffered. The reports of Bulgaria are
better, though by no means goo'd. Those
from Turkey, both European and Asi-
atic, are favorable.
Accounts from Italy are favorable, and
those from Spain show a marked im-
provement in the prospect of the cereal
crops throughout the greater part of the
peninsula, though it seems improbable
that either wheat or other cereals will
yield as well as in 1898.
Next to the Russian wheat crop, that of
France is the largest and most important
in Europe, and the outlook for a good
yield is decidedly better than in the
former country. According to the official
crop report for May 10 the area under
wheat is about the same as last year, or
very little less, while the condition is
about 5 per cent lower. On this basis a
crop would be, in round unmbers, abor-:
20,000,000 bushels less than that of lasi
year.
In other continental countries and al-
so in Great Britain there has been con-
siderable complaint of cold, unseasonable
weather, but except in Denmark and
Sweden there is no mention of any
serious injury to important cereal crops.
No official report has yet been made
as to the Indian wheat crop, recently
harvested, but it is known to be consid-
erably smaller than that of 1898. Re-
ports as to the agricultural outlook in
Australasia are very favorable.
The developments for some months in
the wheat situation the world over have
been of the bull sort. Splendid promises
have been lessened, until the believer in
low prices has left nothing very decidedly
of this sort except the large reserves and
the fine spring wheat prospect. In the
main the wheat price question has work-
ed around to one of unusual reserves on
the one hand and very moderate crop
prospects on the other.
FOR JULY.
The Century —
Bird Rock Frank M. Chapman
A Day in Wheat Will Payne
Jim Jacob A. Riis
The Word of the Enigmas
Curtis Hidden Page
Brother Sim's Mistake
Harry Stillwell Edwards
"I Opened All the Portals Wide"
Kate Chopin
Gilbert Stuart's Portraits of Women
Charles Henry Hart
Unpublished Portraits of Sir Walter
Scott John Thompson
Sir Water Scott's First Love
F. M. F. Skeen
Rudward Kipling and the Racial In-
stinct Henry Rutgers Marshall
Via Crucis F. Marion Crawford
The Making of "Robinson Crusoe"..
J. Cuthbert Hadden
The Hidden Brook
Grace Denio Litchfield
Alexander in Anger and in Love. . . .
Benjamin Ide Wheeler
Franklin's Relations With the Fair
Sex Paul Leicester Ford
The Cottage Arthur Colton
Victor Hugo, Draftsman and Decora-
■ tor Le Cocq de Lautreppe
Melanie a Melancon. Florence Wilkinson
A Romance Invaded Gelett Burgess
George Elliott Annie Fields
Brete Harte in California. .Noah Brooks
The Viser and the Two-Horned Alex-
ander Frank R. Stockton
Camps Meredith Nicholson
The Monkey that Never Was
Chester Bailey Fernald
How the Pump Stopped at the Morn-
ing Watch Mary Hallock Foote
The Pianos of Killymard
Seumas Macmanus
Stevenson in Samoa
Isabel Osbourne Strong
The "true story" of "Robinson Cru-
soe" is told without reserve in the present
number of the Century. From this en-
tertaining recital it appears that the hero
of the tale was much inclined to senti-
ment, and was also of an extremely fickle
nature.
The first love affair of Sir Walter
Scott is shown up in a new light, and the
heroine, Williamina Stuart, is exhonor-
ated from the blame that has hitherto at-
tached to her name as a trifler with the
affections of the poet.
A story-teller's number indeed is this
Century for July. Ten original stories
in addition to reminiscences and sketches
of writers of fiction, including the ever-
present Kipling and Bret Harte, go far
toward making up a volume of most de-
lightful summer reading.
Across the world the ceaseless march of man
Has been through smouldering fires, left by
the bold,
Who first beyond the guarded outposts ran
And saw with wondering eyes new lands
unrolled—
Who built the hut in which a home began
And round a camp-fire's ashes broke the
mold.
— Meredith Nicholson, in July Century.
Scribner's —
John La Farge Russell Sturgis
The Letters of Robert Louis: Steven-
son Edited bySidnev Colvin
The Chronicles of Aunt Minervy Ann
Joel Chandler Harris
The Ship of Stars... A. T. Quiller-Couch
The Foreign Mail Service at New
York E. G. Chat
Nemesis Benjamin Paul Blood
Daniel Webser George F. Hoar
The Celebrants Carolyn Wells
Havana Sine the Occupotion . , ;
James F. Archibald
The White Blackbird Bliss Perry
The Enduring ..James Whitcomb Riley
Search-Light Letters Robert Grant
Anne Mrs. Robert Louis Stevenson
Hush Julia C. Dorr
Mrs. Robert Louis Stevenson's story
of "Anne" is as sweet as it is unreal, a
story of wedded love that outlasts death
itself and runs its course into eternity.
The much-loved invalid himself never
wrote anything superior to this little
spirit-sketch. Ah me! the pity of it,
the pain and sorrow of it. Illness and
poverty! There was always a hope that
sometime the poverty might give place
to, not opulence, but comfort and free-
dom from anxiety about daily bread, but
the illness — there was never any chance
for permanent release from pain this side
the grave. In each of his letters, which
Sidney Colvin so ably edits, the invalid
140
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
sounds his note of bodily suffering. In
a letter to Will H. Low, October, 1885,
Stevenson says:
"I can only tell that I have been
nearly six months (more than six) in
a strange condition of collapse when it
was impossible to do any work and diffi-
cult (more difficult than you would sup-
pose) to write the merest note. I am
now better, but not yet my own man in
the way of brains, and in health only so-
so. I turn more toward the liver and
dyspepsia business, which is damned un-
pleasant and paralysing; I suppose I
shall learn (I begin to think I am learn-
ing) to fight this vast, vague feather-bed
of an obsession that now overlies and
smothers me; but in the beginnings of
these conflicts, the inexperienced wrest-
ler is always worsted; and I own I have
been quite extinct."
"The White Blackbird, whose sing-
ing," according to an old Basque legend,
"restores sight to the blind," is a love
story, pure and simple. And Quiller
Couch's "Ship of Stars," which deepens
in interest with each month, is a iove
story, and a great deal more.
McClurc's —
The Automobile in Common Use
Ray Stannard Baker
James Sears: A Naughty Person...
William Allen White
On the Field Mary Stewart Cutting
f The Chief Train-Despatcher's Story.
Capt. Jasper Ewing Brady, U.S.A.
The Soldier Police of the Canadian
Northwest W. A. Fraser
The Gentleman from Indiana
Booth Tarkington
The Unsolved Problems of Astrono-
my Professor Simon Newcomb
The Metamorphosis of Corpus De-
licti J. H. Cranston
Lincoln's Great Victory in 1864
Ida M. Tarbell
The Lone Charge of William B. Per-
kins Stephen Crane
Rudyard Kipling. . .Charles Eliot Norton
The Luck of the Babe W. A. Fraser
The short stories inMcClure's for July
are particularly clever. William Allen
White's chapter from life in "Boy-
ville" is realistic almost to a pain-
ful degree, and "The Metamor-
phosis of Corpus Delicti" is a
delicious bit of frontier comedy. Ste-
phen Crane writes in his usual abrupt
and vigorous fashion of an incident in
the Cuban campaign. Month by month
it is borne upon us that the late unpleas-
antness with Spain was in the nature of
a god-send to the magazine writers, and
imagination recoils from the contempla-
tion of the literary vacuum that would
have existed but for the timely clash of
arms that has filled the pages of the pe-
riodicals since the blowing up of the
Maine. True there is Kipling, but that
great cosmopolite has been spread out
about as thin as possible and still hold to-
gether. In fact there is danger of a Kip-
ling reaction, and the symptoms are al-
ready apparent. It is fitting, however,
that McClure's end the "Stalky" series
with a sketch of the author. This brief
biography contains exactly the things
one wants to know, and shows us Kip-
ling's life up to date in one plain and
comprehensive view.
W. A. Fraser's article descriptive of
the Soldier Police of the Canadian
Northwest, is by far the most thrilling
and intensely human thing he has given
to the public, and will easily bear re-
reading.
The Cosmopolitan —
Some Americans Who have Married
Titles Frances De Forest
Balzac and His Work
Harry Thurston Peck
Samoan Types of Beauty
William Churchill
A South Sea Island Story
Lloyd Osbourne
The Hero of the Regiment
Herbert D. Ward
Love's Coming Alice W. Winthrop
The Building of an Empire
John Brisbin Walker
Tea-Drinking in Many Lands
Laura B. Starr
The Ideal and Practical Organiztion
of a Home Charlotte Whitney
Snowflake and Ishahari
John Luther Long
Woman's Economic Place
Charlotte Perkins Stetson
The Awakening Count Leo Tolstoy
Romance and Reality in a Single
Life Charles S. Gleed
What One Should Know About
Swimming John Fletcher
"Balzac is in equal perfection an ar-
tist, a dramatist and a great psychologist
all blended in one." This is the opinion
of Harry Thurston Peck in the July num-
ber of the Cosmopolitan. "The place,"
he continues, "which this great genius
THE MAGAZINES.
Hi
must ultimately hold in literary history
has not yet been definitely settled. * *
My own belief is that at the last his name
will be placed at the very apex of the
pyramid of literary fame." Balzaz was
one of the few fortunates who realized
his dearest ambitions and then died be-
fore the glory of the realization palled.
To be famous and to be loved and to
leave both love and fame for the mys-
tery beyond the gates — is not that a fate
to be envied?
There is an interesting sketch by De-
Forest of a daughter of Oregon, the
Duchess de la Rochefoucauld, whose
father is Senator John H. Mitchell. This
marriage of the Oregon girl, whose only
dower was beauty, into one of the old-
est and proudest families in France, is
one of the most romantic of the long list
of trans-Atlantic unions.
Herbert Ward's "Hero of the Regi-
ment" is a good story, and in its way,
equally good is Lloyd Osbourne's
"South Sea. Island." But interest
centers in Charlotte Perkins Stet-
son's reply to Harry Thurston
Peck in which she definitely
names "Woman's Economic Place."
Mrs. Stetson seems to have read
something in her opponent's argument
that was not apparent to the ordinary
reader. But although her answer is well
written and sustained it is not altogether
convincing, and it is doubtful if any
amount of discussion can ever bring us
nearer to this vexing minor problem of
the age.
Woman's Inhumanity to Man.
But it must be owned that there is too
much truth in it. Woman's inhumanity
to man is a good deal in evidence. The
late Senator Morton, of Indiana, was, it
will be remembered, an invalid and a
cripple. He came into a company at the
capital one day in a state of great indig-
nation because, in a street-car crowded
with young women, not one had offered
him a seat, and he had been compelled
to make the journey painfully and pre-
cariously supported on his crutches. The
like of this may very often be seen. Hu-
manity, consideration for weakness and
helplessness, is the root of which chivalry
is the fine flower. It is a startling propo-
sition that man's inhumanity to man is
less than woman's but the. time seems to
give it some proof. At any rate, a man
evidently disabled would not be allowed
to stand in a public conveyance in which
able-bodied men were seated, even in the
most unchivalrous part of our country
which I have given some reasons for be-
lieving to be the city of New York.
And, if that be true, it seems that the as-
sumption of the right of an able-bodied
woman to remain seated while a disabled
man is standing is an assumption that the
claims of chivalry are superior to those
of humanity. On the other hand, it may
be fairly said that the selfishness of wo-
men with regard to the wayfaring man is
more thoughtless and perfunctory than
the selfishness of men with regard to the
wayfaring woman. In this country, at
least, this latter is in all cas^s felt to be a
violation of propriety and decency. The
native American feels himself to be both
on the defence and without defence,
when he is arranged for it. — From "The
Point of View," in the July Scribner's.
What If—?
What if on the air, with a magic entrancing,
There came a blythe sound as of merry feet
dancing—
Of merry feet dancing sans measure or
chime,
Save the gladness alert in the gay summer-
time?
What if on my ear came the litt of her sing-
ing,
A wave of delight through the mellow dark
bringing,
A wave of delight like the throbs of the tide
That o'er the white sands thro' the silences
glide ?
What if in the chair, standing empty and
stilly,
My darling sat,, sweet as a blossoming lily,
A blossoming lily, aswing and aglow —
Oh! if she sat rocking there — only if so!
What is it, my heart that absorbs thy com-
plaining?
Oh! marvel — Oh! rapture! Elusive, con-
straining—
Elusive, constraining — I know she is near,
Not loveless, nor voiceless, but life cannot
hear!
Ros ;•.:.;
CONDUCTED BY E. C. PROTZMAN.
A WORD OP EXPLANATION.
The problem in our iast issue, we regret
to say, was given incorrectly. We would,
however, in further explanation, add that it
was presented by a visiting player who as-
sured us that he stated it properly. He either
did not know its author, or was unwilling to
give his name, but since then it has been as-
certained that the problem was constructed
by Jos. Ney Babson, a present living in Se-
attle. Mr. Babson composed it for the Mon-
treal Gazette, and it was published in its col-
umns in May 1894. The following are the
correct positions of the pieces:
White— King, Q. 8; Queen, K. Kt. Sq.;
Rooks, Q. B. 2 and Q. Kt. 7; Bishops, Q. R. 3
and 8; Knights, Q. 7 and Q. R. 7; Pawns, K.
R. 7, K. B. 4, K. B. 2 and 6, K. 3, and Q. R. 2.
Fourteen pieces.
Black— King, Q. 4; Rook, Q. Kt. 5;
Knights, K. R. 5 and K. 8; Bishops, Q. Kt.
and Q. B. 6; Pawns, K. Kt. 2, K. B. 6 and Q.
R. 3 and 4. Ten pieces
White to mate in three moves.
This is one of the most beautiful chess
compositions ever created, and is of such
depth that we are constrained to give five
yearly subscriptions of The Pacific Monthly
for the first correct solutions, instead of one
as last offered.
Mr. Babson is now visiting Portland on
business, and has kindlly offered to con-
tribute regularly to our columns.
TWO BRILLIANT GAMES.
EVANS GAMBIT.
which must be considered one of the finest
announced moves extant — G. R.
(a) P to Q 3, or P x P is better play.
White.
Black.
Max Lange.
Ludwig Lange
1.
P to K 4.
P to K 4.
9
K Kt-B 3.
Q Kt-B 3.
3.
K B-B 4.
K B-B 4.
4.
P-0 Kt 4.
B x Kt P.
5.
P-Q B 3.
K B-R 4.
6.
P-Q 4.
K P x P.
7.
Castles.
K Kt-B 3 (a).
8
B P x P.
Kt x K P.
0
P-Q 5.
0 Kt-home.
10.
Q-her 4.
K Kt-B 3.
11.
P to Q 6.
B P x P.
12.
O B-R 3.
0 Kt-B 3.
13.
Q x Q 2d P.
0. Kt-K 2.
14.
Kt-his 5.
K R-B sq.
15.
Q Kt-B 3.
K B x Kt.
16.
Q R-K sq.
K B x R.
17.
K R x B.
Kt-home.
18.
K B-Kt 5.
P-K R 3.
19.
Kt-K 4.
P-Q R 3.
FRENCH DEFENCE.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
White.
Mr. Hall.
P to K 4.
P-Q 4.
Q Kt-B 3.
Q B-Kt 5.
Q B x Kt.
K Kt-B 3.
Q Kt x P.
K B-Q 3.
Castles.
Q-her 2.
Q P x P.
Kt x Kt.
Q R-Q sq!
Kt-his 5.
Kt-K 4.
Q-K R 6.
Kt-his 5 w.
B-B 4!
P-K R 4.
K R-K so.
Black.
Amateur.
P to K 3.
P-Q 4.
K Kt-B 3.
K B-K 2.
K B x B.
Q P x P.
K B-K 2.
Q Kt-Q 2.
Casties.
P-Q B 4 (b).
O Kt x P.
K B x Kt.
Q-K B 3.
P-K Kt 3.
O-K 2.
K B-Q 5.
P-K B 4.
K B-his 3.
K B x P (?).
K R-B 3.
White mates in six moves.
"Equally fine with preceding mate, and
deserves to stand alongside the German mas-
terpiece."— G. R.
(b) Does not turn out well; P to Q Kt 3,
rather.
(?) Should have played 13: B x Kt; and
his next move is fatal— 20. K R to K sq!
Tte textenables White to execute such a
brilliant manoeuvre as only once in a life-
time occurs in actual play.
Played in 1896 between Jos. Ney Babson,
of Seattle, and a gentleman from New Or-
leans, a tthe rooms of the Seattle Chess and
Whist Club:
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Mr. Babson.
P-K 4
P-K B'4.
K-B 2 (a).
P Kt 3.
K-Kt 2.
R x P.
Kt-B 3.
"Kt-B 3.
K-R.
B-R 3.
B x B.
P-Q 4.
Kt-K 5.
Mr.
P-K 4.
Px P.
White announced mate in five moves,
Q- R 5 ch.
P x P ch.
P x R P.
Q x K P ch.
P-0 4.
Q Kt 5 ch.
B-K3.
Q-Kt 6.
P x B.
Kt-K B 3.
B-Q 3.
Kt-K 2, and the Black Queen has eigh-
teen moves at command, yet cannot escape.
A very remarkable position.
Sam L. Simpson.
The August number of The Pacific
Monthly will contain a sketch of the life
and work of Sam L. Simpson, the poet
whose singing has so instantly and for-
ever ceased in this world, but whose mel-
odies, sweet as the sighing of the wind
in the tree tops, will live as long as the
"bright Willamette" flows —
"Always hurried
To be buried
In the bitter moon-mad sea."
As long as the Columbia, whose maj-
esty he has immortalized, and whose
shores echo with the matchless music of
his songs, rolls its level floods
"From the birthplace of the morning
To the sunset's gates of gold.
the name of Sam L. Simpson will be re-
membered and loved by the sons and
daughters of Oregon.
Low-Voiced People.
Perhaps it is not generally known that
low-voiced people are successful people.
Indeed, I may claim to have made this
discovery myself, for I have never heard
it advanced before. My field of observa-
tion has been a wide one, embracing the
whole United States, and for a space of
nearly twenty years. I have gone over
it again and again, in the capacity of a
commercial traveler, until I have become
well acquainted with a vast number of
people — business people — that I see
year after year, at intervals of from three
or four months.
What I mean by "successful" is mon-
ey-makers, as that is what goes for
"success" in these days. Well, these
slow-spoken, low-voiced people are
money-makers. Let any one with a
wide number of acquaintances begin to
make observations, and he will be sur-
prised at the uniformity of the law, for
it is undoubtedly a law of life. Those
people generally succeed in whatever
business they engage. And the reason
for it is obvious: they are cool, deliber-
ate, unexcitable people. They never
lose their heads in hasty adventures and
speculations. Of course there are many
people who make money that have loud
voices, and quick, impulsive natures, but
there are by no means so many of them
as there are of the other class, and if they
make it, it does not stay with them.
The latter may do for speculators, but
even in that, the low-voiced man will
make more money in the long run. It
is mainly in every-day, plain, legitimate
business that the slow talker makes his
success.
a t.
The Judgment.
The Recording angel stood with the
book open. A vast multiude of souls
were there to be judged; and near the
angel sat the Judge. The first soul that
came had been a poet on earth and some
had called him a blasphemer. And on
his life's page was blotting and writing
to either side. There being much of
evil and much of good.
The Judge gazed upon the awed and
trembling soul for a moment and said,
"Come to my right; you belong to me."
A great light of eternal joy lit the face
of the spirit, but standing in doubt, it re-
plied; "I did not know that I had done
any good to you."
Then the Judge smiled upon the soul
and replied, "When I was hungry you
fed me ; when I was thirsty you gave me
drink; when I was a stranger you took
me in; when I was naked you clothed
me."
Still hesitating, the spirit said: "I only
did that to my fellow men. I loved
them. I was kind, but that was all."
And the Great God said, "When you
did it to them you did it to me."
* * *
While this was taking place another
soul, who had lived neighbor to the first
and who had never spoken evil of the
worst of men nor good of the best, crept
144
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
behind the angel and looked at the book.
And behold! his page was white.
After judgment this soul passed on
into darkness.
Jrank Waller cAllen.
Excursion to California.
For the annual meeting of the National
Educational Association, the Southern Pa-
cific Company (Shasta Route) will make a
$35.00 round trip rate to Los Angeles, by
train, leaving Portland at 7:00 P. M. July 7,
Tickets will be good to September 4th, and
permit stopover on return trip.
On July 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th, round
trip tickets to Los Angeles will be sold at
$40.00 rate allowing stopover in either di-
rection, and final limit to September 4th.
Holders of these excursion tickets may make
low rate side trips to Monterey, Lake Tahoe,
Yosemite Valley, Big Trees, Riverside, Red-
lands, Santa Barbara, Cataina Island, etc.
No such opportunity to visit all California
points of special interest, at small cost, has
been before aflorded. Note the dates.
For guides, sleeping-car reservations and
further information, call on any Southern
Pacific agent, or address Mr. C. H. Mark-
ham, General Passenger Agent, Portland,
Oregon.
The Unsolved Problem of Astronomy.
The greatest fact which modern sci-
ence has brought to light is that our
whole solar system, including the sun,
with all its planets, is on a journey to-
ward the constellation Lyra. During
our whole lives, in all probability dur-
ing the whole of human history, we have
been flying unceasingly toward this
beautiful constellation with a speed to
which no motion on earth can compare.
The speed has recently been determined
with a fair degree of certainty, though
not with entire exactness; it is about
ten miles a second, and therefore not far
from three hundred millions of miles a
year. But whatever it may be, it is un-
ceasing and unchanging; for us mortals
eternal. We are nearer the constellation
now than we were ten years ago by
thousands of millions of miles, and every
future generation of our race will be
nearer than its predecessor by thousands
of millions of miles.
When, where, and how, if ever, did
this journey begin; when, where, and
how, if ever, will it end? This is the
greatest of the unsolved problems of as-
tronomy. An astronomer who should
watch the heavens for ten thousand
years might gather some faint sugges-
tion of an answer, or he might not. All
we can do is to seek for some hints by
study and comparison with other stars.
— Prof. Simon Newcomb in July Mc-
Clure's.
*
There are those among the youth of
every age, and they constitute the vast
majority, who are content to live close to
the earth, who move quietly along the
beaten track, meeting, with earnest en-
deavor, the stern responsibilities of life,
discharging faithfully the duties of every
day, or who run with eager feet, and
hands oustretched to sieze upon the
flowers and fruits bordering the highway
of pleasure. But here and there, in every
century, in every generation, is born one
in whom the desire to achieve is an
impelling force. In the first full flush of
awakening manhood he feels the fire of
a divine passion quicken in his soul, and,
lifting his eyes heavenward, beholds up-
on the far-off heights the promise of his
destiny fulfilled. Henceforth for him the
rose that blooms beside the level path-
way in the valley opens its crimson heart
in vain. The tender voice of the mur-
muring stream, bird-songs — all sweet
sights and sounds and summer fragran-
ces tempt him not to turn aside, or linger
by the way. For he sees only the radi-
ance that gleams upon that celestial
mountain-top, hears but the "music of
the spheres" echoing through the silence
of the solemn night.
"The joysf that sway the common herd to-
him are tasteless, being bred
To higher things — "
For him life is a ceaseless endeavor.
Brave, beautiful, god-like, he advances.
The path may be rough and wild and
lonely — it is always steep — but guided,
inspired and companioned by hope, he
climbs steadily starward, and as he
mounts he draws with him, up into the
sunlight of a brighter, broader day, the
sad heart of a sorrowing world of men..
THE PACIFIC MONTHL Y.
A Trip to the Great Shasta Country.
"Those inventions which abridge dis-
tances have done much for the civiliza-
tion of our species," wrote Lord Ma-
caulay, and the eager traveler, who is
seldom at rest until .the end of his jour-
ney is in sight, owes much to the long
line of inventors who have brought the
"king's highway," which, by the way,
was in its inception a footpath, to its
present state of perfection.
Starting from Portland or San Fran-
ciso, our objective point is the Shasta
region, situated nearly midway between
the two cities. Once seated in our par-
ticular quarter of the Pullman car we re-
flect with satisfaction on the fact that
such are the luxuries of modern railway
traveling that we can sleep in a comfort-
able bed and enjoy our daily meals with-
out any interruption of the journey or
the loss of a second of time. Resolutely
withstanding the attractions of the famil-
iar landscape, which somehow never
looked more alluring than it does in the
soft glamor of the twilight, we pull down
the blind and settle ourselves to sleep.
When we awaken the next morning
the most fascinating and beautiful land-
scapes greet our eyes, but hope raises
our anticipation, for in the distance
beyond looms up the white crest of
Shasta — pure, majestic, supreme over
all else. Its snowy crest, its vast alti-
tude, the pale grey or rosy tint of its
lavas, and the dark girdles of forest
which swell up over canyon-carved foot-
hills, give it a grandeur hardly equaled
by any American mountain.
From the moment the traveler first
steps from the cars into1 the glorious at-
mosphere fragrant with the breath of
pine, no regret enters his soul until the
time when he must bid it adieu.
The entire country is delightful. It is
a land of tall pines and feathery firs, of
streams, of mountain crags. Seldom
does the traveler find in summer such
greenness and freshness of verdure, such
richness of color. In the shady canyons
are nestled shade and water-loving
plants, mosses and maiden-hair ferns
cling to every projection, lillies and
broad-leaved plants bathe their roots in
the water. Golden-rod lights up rocky
niches, the graceful bell of the colum-
bine sways in the gentle breeze. In
some localities great clumps of tawny
azaleas lend their charm, and the stately
spikes of the yellow lupin challenge ad-
miration.
Sugar-pines ten feet in diameter lift
their plumed heads hundreds of feet
toward the sky. Nations have arisen
and fallen, but they live on, apparently
regardless of the fact that yonder heap
of yellow sawdust and the discordant
screech of the saw, which drowns the
melody of the forest, are significant of
the fact that the stately tree will soon be
an uninteresting pile of lumber.
Nature has employed her utmost
skill to make the region a perfect sana-
tarium, and especially of the kind most
needful to dwellers along the bay and
coast. Slanting due southward from
Mount Shasta — whose vast bulk closes
its upper end — extends a deep, broad
furrow, dug oxiginally by glaciers and
widened later by eroism. Its floor is
very harrow. In fact, the trough is a
canyon rather than a valley. Its sloping
forest walls rise outward upon either
side to the height of from two thousand
to four thousand feet. Into this inclo-
sure the summer sun pours, all day out
of a cloudless sky, its fullest effulgence.
The upper heights of the inclosing walls
being largely denuded of timber, and
consisting of granite rock, operate pow-
erfully to dry the air which they inclose.
Whoever travels the Shasta Route
is attracted by the picturesque charms of
Shasta Springs. These springs, the
waters of which have gained great pop-
ularity in the last few years, and are cer-
tain to take their place with the very
best drinking waters of the country, are
situated in one of the wildest gorges of
the upper Sacramento. As a pleasant
and altogether profitable resort few take
higher rank. It is a fact that the topog-
raphy of the Sacramento Canyon com-
bined with the accessibility by railroad,
the hotel accommodations, and the cura-
tive properties of the waters are such
that few can visit this region without re-
ceiving benefit.
Could a more delightful place be found
for a summer's outing?
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
THE CELEBRATED
Oregon Blood Purifier
Is a benefit to the human race. KEEP UP YOUTH,
HEALTH, VIGOR by the use of Dr. Plunder's Ore-
gon Blood Purifier. Quick and complete cure of
all diseases of the Skin, Kidneys, Bladder and Liver. It
checks Rheumatism, Malaria, relieves Constipation,
Dyspepsia and Biliousness, and puts fresh energy into
the sy:- tern by making New Rich. Blood. Take it in
time, right now, as it cannot be beat as a preventative
of disease. Sold preferable and used every where. $1.00
a bottle; six for $5.00. Guaranteed. Tested. True.
NUMEROUS DIPLOMAS AWARDED.
Manufactured by
WM. PFUNDER, Active Chemist,
>+♦♦♦+♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦+♦ ♦♦♦♦♦»♦ ♦♦♦
TRADE
Young but
PORTLAND,
OREGON.
MARK
Thriving.
-♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦+♦+♦♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦++♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦♦♦♦ »+++++++++
Amongst the minor ills of life |
One of the 'very <worst is laundry <work that is badly done. It not only uses up the
cloth rapidly, but it destroys the temper and gives one an unsatisfactory appearance
'where finish is most needed. <£<£ Starched linen collars, shirts and cuffs must be un-
questionably immaculate, done with no risk, a certainty as to result.
THE UNION LAUNDRY
has come to represent this to men <who make any effort at all to dress well. Those
who have not tried us will find that it will pay them to do so. Send a postal or tele-
phone, and <we will call.
Tdeohones I Columbia 5o4, UNION LAUNDRY COMPANY,
P * °reaon, Mbina 41. 53 Randolph Street. *
"General
Arthur
Cigar"
r
.'••
_J
Is the best seller in its grade
in America. Even if there were an
equally good cigar for the money on the
market, it could not approach the great sale
of the " GENERAL ARTHUR." That is because
of its wide reputation — everybody knows it, and knows
how good and how reliable it it.
ESBERG-GUNST CIGAR CO.
Sole Agents
PORTLAND, OREGON
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
CARRIES A FULL, LINE OF
MOTORS from One-half Horse Power Up
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kinds
of Machinery.
ARC and INCANDESCENT LIGHTING.
Electric and Bell Wiring a Specialty.
Electric Supplies
SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
COR. SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
Insure your property ivith the
Home Insurance Co*
****0f Ne-w York
Cash Capital, $3,000,000.00.
The Great American Fire Insurance
Company.
Assets aggregating over $12,000,000.00, ALL
available for American Policy Holders.
J. D. COLEMAN, General Agent,
JOHN H. BURGARD,
SPECIAL AGENT.
250 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OR.
h
OTAHDi^
<$g MWMmmm
1 [Jam 5tore & Ornce RailuJ*
'ORNArlCOTAl WIRE I, IRUN
GRIU WORK TOR tlEVATOR MCIOSUREJ
334 AIDER SI
il D?RnAHI>.0re$«i;
Wire and Iron Fencing,
Window Guards, Etc.
Tel. Black 196 1.
335 ALDER ST.
Tfie Biumauer-Frank Drog Go.
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
Real Estate
$ Investment securities.
1 ..We will bond you..
1
THE
United States Fidelity and Guaranty Co.
OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.
^ Surety Bonds of every description issued
promptly.
HARTMAN, POWERS & CO.,
3 Chamber of Commerce, Portland, Oregon.
3 Loans. Insurance'
Artistic Effects in Photography *£ <£ <&
c/lre demanded novo as never before. We ha<ve all of the
up-to-date methods for securing this result.
MOORE'S Dekum Building, Portland, Oi
W/e call for, sponge, press and deliver one suit of
your clothing each week for $1.00 per month.
Oregon 'Phone M. 514.
Columbia 'Phone 736.
Unique Tailoring Co., 124 6th St.
When dealing with our advertiseri, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—A D VER TISING SECTION. xiii
OUR X ►
-sAmBricanJpndni
/ \ ^^Sk y^IIll^^^*^ f SPEC,ALTY IS \ \
First-class Work
A TRIAL
WILL CONVINCE^
COR. TWELFTH AND FLANDERS STS. "^V»^_^^^ X
All Orders Promptly Executed. Telephones— 851 Both Companies. ^^^™
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
Telephone 371... |Q5, 107, 1074 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE,
PHOENIX BICYCLES e^^^t
"THEY STAND THE RACKET."
PRICE, $40.00 &. $50.00.
Golden Eagle Bicycles
Clipper Chainless Bicycles
BEST $30.00 LIST WHEEL
ON THE MARKET
LIST PRICE $75.00
A Superior Article in the Chainless Line.
Call and examine, or send for Catalogues.
MITCHELL, LEWIS & STAVER CO.
First and Taylor Streets, PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertUert kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦^♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦^♦♦^♦♦♦♦♦«>
| Northwest School Furniture Co.
:
291 Yamhill St., Portland, Oregon.
MANUFACTURERS OF
"TRIUMPH AUTOMATIC" SCHOOL DESK
School officers cannot afford to experiment wi h
public funds. The "Triumph Automatic" is no
experiment; over a million Triumph desks in use.
HYLOPLATE BLACKBOARDS.
Write for samples and special ciiculars and catalogues.
Globes, Charts, Maps, Window Shades, Flags, Bells, Teachers' Desks,
Settees and Chairs. '
►♦♦♦♦♦<
►♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦»-♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
(Trow photo Engraving Co-
-*-*<—
-*H K~
Half-tone Engravings for advertising matter, cata-
logues, circulars, periodicals, daily, weekly and monthly
publications, letter heads, business cards, etc , etc. made
and satisfaction guaranteed. Prices reasonable. Special
$ rates on large orders.
$ Office, i%7% Fourth St., Room 101,
8 PORTLAND, - - OREGON
Half-tones in this issue made by Crow Co.
Oregon Phone
Clay 931.
Columbia
Phone 307.
£Ute |p>rinttn$ Go-
ESTABLISHED IN 1SB7.
PRINTERS
PUBLISHERS
STEREOTYPERS
(Anything in the Printing line, from a curd to a catalogue.
105 FIRST STREET, PORTLAND, OREGON.
*
•
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Proud of your House *£ «g t
/s <o>#a/ 3>oa <rwY/ be after hawing it \
painted by E. H. cMoorehouse & Com- X
pany. cAside from Painting, *Paper- ^
ing, Tinting, etc*, they carry a com- \
plete line of Wall Paper, Paints, Brush- X
es, Mouldings, etc, T„
Write for samples and estimates.
305 ALDER ST. |:
Tel. Red 541. PORTLAND, OREGON, t
»**********£************£****$
*
The latest fad
Carbons on porcelain
HYLAND
Photographer
Corner of Seventh and
Washington Sts.
S
%
******************************
1 W. J. THOMPSON & CO.
Fir»t-class work in
X
HALF TONES
ZINC ETCHING
DESIGNING
ENGRAVING
X
4c- 105 ^ First Street, Bet. Stark and Washington ^
"•(• Portland, Oregon *
~f +♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ <
Downing, Hopkins & Co.
♦♦♦ BROKERS ♦♦♦
Chicago
Board of Trade.
New York •
Stock Exchange.
Continuous market quotations at principal centers of trade received
over our own wires. Branch offices at Seattle, Tacoma, Spokane,
Walla Walla, Colfax, Wash., Vancouver and Victoria, B. C.
CORRESPONDENCE INVITED.
Head Office,
Ground Floor, Chamber of Commerce,
Portland, Ore.
♦++»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦<
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
i
I
~7~-
I
P UBLISHEB y A NNO UNCEMEN T.
I HE publishers of The Pacific Monthly desire to make the Magazine unique
■■■ among the literary publications of the day. With this end iu view, new depart-
ments will be added from lime to time, and every effort made to conduct them along
original and interesting lines
It is evident, however, that this object can be more immediately accomplished by
giving the magazine a distinctive western flavor. Accordingly we call for manuscript
relating
PIONEER EXPERIENCES, ANECDOTES,
STORIES OF CROSSING THE PLAINS,
RECEPTIONS BY THE INDIANS,
LOCATING THE NEW HOME,
THE NEW ENVIRONMENT,
ADVENTURES AND ROMANCES OF THE NEW GENERATION,
INDIAN LEGENDS, EARLY CHARACTERS,
THE GROWTH OF A CITY,
LIFE IN THE EARLY VILLAGE,
THE INFLUENCE OF THE INDIAN, ETC., ETC.
Almost every pioneer in the Northwest holds in memory some interesting fact
which has come into his life, or has been told him by others, and the telling of it at
this time will be of intense interest to the world. We hope, therefore, for a very
liberal response to this call
Manuscript or letters telating to any of these subjects, or along the lines they sug-
gest, will receive prompt and careful consideration.
Any suggestions in regard to these articles or any ideas relating to any depart-
ment iu the Magazine, wid be gratefully received. Address all correspondence to
The Pacific Monthly, Mac-leay Bldg., Portland, Or.
DEPARTMENT
STOP! THINK!!
THB PORTLAND SANITARIUM
!• fully equipped for treating all forms of Dis \
eases, has the best of medical skill a"d thorough- <
ly trained gentlemen and lady nurses. Is also 'i
prepared to administer all forms of treatment <
in the way of Baths— Electricity, Manual {
Swedish Movements, Massage, etc., and \
for using the many appliances that have been so J
thoroughly tried by the partnt institution lo- v
cated at Battle Creek, Mich., the largest iustilu- H
tion of the kind in the world. H
For further information and terms, write
THE PORTLAND SANITARIUM, \
First and Montgomery Sts., Portland, Or. i
•uxurious I ravel
THE "North-Western Limited" trains,
electric lighted throughout, both inside
and out, and steam heated, are, -with-
out exception, the finest trains in the world.
They embody the latest, newest and best
ideas for comfort, convenience and luxury
ever offered the traveling public, and al-
together are the most complete and splen-
did production of the Car Builders' art.
THESE SPLENDID TRAINS
CONNECT WITH
The Great Northern
The Northern Pacific and
The Canadian Pacific
AT ST. PAUL, FOR
CHICAGO and the EAST.
No extra charge for these superior accommo-
dations and all clashes ot tickets are available for
passage on the famous" North-western Limited."
All trains on this line areprotected by the Inter-
locking Block system.
W. H. MEAD,
GEN'L AGENT,
The North-Western Line
PORTLAND, OR.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—A D VERTISING SECTION.
| PASTEURIZED and PURIFIED
DAIRY PRODUCTS
IN
BRAITHWAITE'S
RETROSPECT
For July, 1898
May be found on
Page 21, the follow-
ing from a paper by
Dr. Allan MacFayden,
published in the
Practitioner for June,
1898
ec£
"If we consider that children are most
liable to intestinal tuberculosis, and are the
great milk consumers of the community, it will
be seen that from the preventive point of view,
it is milk supervision that is of the greatest
moment to the public health.
The danger is much less from meat, as has
been experimentally shown, and the danger can
be rendered practically nil by adequate super-
vision of trimming and dressing operation in
slaughter houses.
It is the consumption of raw milk that con-
stitutes the chief channel of infection, and this
can be overcome by simply heating milk up to
the boiling point. As already stated the butter
and cheese made from the milk of tuberculous
animals may contain the tubercle bacilli.
It is to be regretted that pasteurizing pro-
cesses are not in general operation where large
quantities of milk intended for dairy and food
purposes are concerned.
This procedure would have the effect not
only of destroying tubercle bacilli, but also
other sources of infection from milk to which
children are liable, while at the same time a
distinct advantage would be gained in the man-
ufacture of butter and cheese."
The Kaupisch Creamery Co.
(Incorporated.)
Has put in a complete plant for manufacturing
Pasteurized and Purified Dairy Products
of all kinds.
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
380-382 Washington St.
BOTH PHONES 154-
Portland, Oregon.
"When dea\ing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monih\y.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
2 Overland Trains Daily 2
-THE-
YELLOWSTONE PARK \ DINING CAR LINE.
...When going to the...
BUFFALO HUMP MINING COUNTRY,
™TE„E NORTHERN PACIFIC, ££•»»
Direct service to the GOLD FIELDS of British Columbia,
via SPOKANE, WASH.
Tickets sold to all points
in the United States and Canada.
Telephone Main 244.
A. D. CHARLTON,
Assistant General Passenger Agent,
255 Morrison St., Cor. Third,
Portland, Oregon.
\
\
•+++++++++H
THE MAGNIFICENT SCENERY
-OF
COLUMBIA RIVER
The most beautiful in the world, can best be seen
from the steamers "DAHES CITY" and
"REGULATOR" of the
"REGULATOR LINE'
DO NOT MISS THIS.
Steamers leave Portland, Oak St. Dock, 7 a. m., daily,
except Sunday, for The Dalles, Cascade kocics, Hood
River and way landings.
C. G*. THAYER, AGT., W. C. ALLAWAY,
Oak St. Dock, Portland. Gen. Agt.,
(Phone 914.) The Dalles, Or.
Ore— PHONES 734— Col
J-
Model Laundry Company
308 MADISON STREET,
Between Fifth and Sixth
PORTLAND,
OREGON
THE ONLY LINE
—OFFERING-
TWO Routes from Portland.
THREE Routes through Colorado.
FOUR Routes east thereof.
The Grandest Mountain Scenery in America
by daylight.
Personally conducted tourist excursions
through to the east without change of cars.
Free Reclining Chair Cars in all trains.
New and Elegant Equipment.
Perfect Dining Car Service.
STOPOVER IN UTAH OR COLORADO
GRANTED ON AI,I, CLASSES OF TICKETS.
No trouble to answer questions.
M.J.ROCHE, J. D. MA SFIELD,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
253 Washington St., Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Columbia River & Puget Sound Navigation Co.
Portland and Astoria
Steamers Telephone or Bailey Gatzert leave foot Alder
Street daily (except Sunday), 7 A. M.
Leave Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
U. B. SCOTT, President
fRJ.
WINTER SCHEDULE-Daily
Train No. 33 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 12:15 P- m-
Train No. 34 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at 11:10 p. m.
Return
Train No. ar leaves Astoria at 8.00 a. m., arrives in
Portland at 13:15 p. m.
Train No. 33 leaves Astoria at 6:30 p. m. and arrives
in Portland at 10:35 p. m.
Train No. aa runs through to Seaside, leaving Seaside
on the return at 3:50 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia River R. R. Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:00 p. m., arriving at
Astoria at 13:15 P- m and 11:10 p. m. Leaving for Sea-
*ide at 1-2:10 p. m.
GO EAST VIA
Oregon Short Line Railroad
THE DIRECT ROUTE TO
Montana, Utah, Colorado
and all Eastern and Southern Points.
Affording choice of two routes, via the UNION
PACIFIC Fast Mail Line or the RIO
GRANDE Scenic Lines through Colorado.
LOOK AT THE TIME
\\ DAYS TO SALT LAKE
1\ DAYS TO DENVER
%\ DAYS TO CHICAGO
44 DAYS TO NEW YORK
Free Reclining Chair Cars, Upholstered Tour-
ist Sleeping Cars, and Pullman Palace Sleep-
ers operated on all trains.
For further information, apply to
C. O. TERRY, W. E. COMAN,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
124 Third St., Portland, Or.
Elfl ) ■ SOUTHERN
via PACIFIC
* COMPANY
LEAVE Depot, Fifth and I Sts. ARRIVE
* 6 00 p.m.
* 830a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
\ 730 a.m.
X 450p.m.
OVERLAND EX-
PRESS, for Salem,
Roseburg, Ashland,
Sacramento, Ogden,
San Francisco, Mo-
jave, Los Angeles. El
Paso, New Orleans
(.and the East.
Roseburg Passenger. . '. .
Via Woodburn for"!
Mt. Angel, Silverton ,
West Scio, Browns- \
ville, Springfield I
(.and Natron. J
Corvallis Passenger
Independence Pass'ng'r
9 30 a. m.
* 4 30 p. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
X 5 50 p. m.
X 8 25 a. m.
* Daily. X Daily except Sunday.
Direct connection at San Franci-co with Occi-
dental and Oriental and Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND CHINA. Sailing dates
on application.
Rates and tickets to eastern points and Eu-
Tope, also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA, can be obtained from J. B.
KIRKLAND, Ticket Agent, 134 Third St.
Yamhill Division: — Passenger Depot foot of
Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a. m.;
13:30, 1:55, 3:25, 5:15, 6:25, 8:05, 11:30 p. m., and 9:00
a. m. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland
•daily at 6:35*, 8:30, 10:50* a. m; 1:35, 3:15, 4:30, 6:20,
740, 9:15 p. m.; 12:40 a. m. daily except Monday
and 10:05 a. m. o > Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, exeept Sunday, at
4:30 p. m. Arrive at Portland at 9:30 a. m.
Leave for Airlie Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays at 8:40 a. m. Arrive at Portland Tues-
days, Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
* Except Sunday.
«. KOEHLER, C. H. MARKHAM,
Manager. Gen. F. & P. Agt.
When dealing with our advertisers,
0. R. & N.
Depart
TIME SCHEDULES
FROM PORTLAND.
Arrive
Fast Mail
8:00 p. m.
Salt Lake, Denver, Ft.
Wonh, Omaha, Kan-
sas City, St. Louis,
Chicago and East.
Fast Mail
6:45 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
2:10 p. m.
Walla Wall • , Spokane,
Minneapolis, St. Paul,
Duluth, Milwaukee,
Chicago and East.
Spokane
Flyer
8:30 a. m.
6:00 p. m.
Ocean Steamships.
All sailing dates subject
to change.
For San Francisco —
Sail every five days.
4:00 p. m.
8:00 p. m.
Ex. Sun day
Saturday
10:00 p.m.
Columbia. River
St amer.H.
To Astoria and Way
Landings.
4:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
6:00 a. m.
Ex. Sunday
Willamette Rivr.
Oregon City, Newberg,
Salem & Way Landings
4:30 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
7:00 a. m.
Tues.Thur
and Sat.
Willamette ami
Yamhill Ri.W"vit.
Oregon City, Dayton
and Way Landings.
3:30 p. m.
Mon. Wed.
and Fri.
6:00 a. m.
Tues.Thur
and Sat.
Willamette Hirer.
Portland to Corvallis
and Way Landings.
4:30 p: m.
Tues.Thur
and Sat.
Lv.Riparia
1:45 a. m.
Daily
Ex. Sat.
Snake River.
Riparia to Lewiston.
Lv. Lewis-
ton 5-45
a. m. daily
Ex. Friday
V. A. SCHILLING. W. H. HURLBURT,
City Ticket Agt., Gen'l. Pass. Agt,
254 Washington St., Portland, Ore.
kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
!.♦♦♦♦ MM ♦♦HtttHH ♦♦♦♦<♦ ♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ <♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»
"JVb Community Is 'Prosperous Whose 'People are Not Employed" Vi
;lYou Need Our Factories!!
■>-
7*^ / ' VOL) preach this doctrine, now practice it You say you
■!« TV Oft t5&£ 'ove your norne> now show it. You say the community
should be more prosperous, keep your money at home. You
_ _ admit we manufacture over four hundred articles of impor-
rif\1'%'%j> tance as cheaply as in Eastern or foreign markets — why not
1 lxjlltf^ buy them? You admit that Chicago and other thrifty cities
not so far away were made so by enterprising citizens; fol-
T 1 g 'ow their example. You speak of the patriotism of the whole
/■ft/Iff QTf+\\ people, hence show unselfish devotion to the manufacturing
J.I LUUOLf y [ industries of Oregon.
M. ZAN, President
E. H. K1LHAM, Vice Pres.
R. J. HOLMES, Treasurer
C. H. MclSAAC, Secretary
MM HtttH MM* HUM M* »♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦»»♦♦♦♦♦ M»MM ME
The Favorite Transcontinental l^oute Between
the Northwest and all Points East.
Choice of Two Routes Through the FAMOUS
^p^ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY
And Pour Routes Bast of Pueblo and Denver
All Passengers granted a day stop-over in
the Mormon Capitol or anywhere between
Ogden and Denver. Personally conducted
Tourist Excursions three days a week to
OMAHA, KANSAS CITY, ST. LOUIS,
CHICAGO and the EAST.
For Tickets and any Information regarding Rates,
Routes, etc., or for Descriptive Advertising Matter,
call on Agents of Oregon Railway & Navigation
Co. Oregon Short Line or Southern Pacific
Companies.
S. K. HOOPER, R. C. NICHOL,
Ccu. Pass. & Ticket Agt. Gen. Agt., 251 Wash SI
DENVER, COL. PORTLAND. ORE.
911 Competition
^^picTO^
As regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
JUST THINK!
3^ days with no change to Chicago
4.^ days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN:
Trains are illuminated by Pintseh Gas,
run Into Union Depots, and Baggage
Is checked through to Destinaticn.
Lowest Rates.
For Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
J. H. LOTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. Agents
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
Wneii d--alin.f wun o.n ad.'ertUer kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
A WORKINGMAN'S ENTERPRISE
By H. S. LYMAN.
IW
the Pacific
Aqnthly
Volume U
AUGUST
. 1899
Number 4
TEN CENTS A COPY J- * J> J> J ONE DOLLAR A YEAR
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUBLISHING COMPANY
PUBLISHERS Jk jk ^ j, jt j, j. j* PORTLAND, OREGON
f <pVERY man obscurely feels, though scarcely any
man distinctly understands, the intimacy and
vastness of his connections with his race. It is true
that the real world of the soul is an invisible place,
removed from the rush and chatter of crowds, and
that the most important portion of life is the secret
and solitary portion. Yet the most influential ele-
ment even of this secluded world and this hidden life,
is the element which consists of the ideas and feel-
ings we habitually cherish in relation to our fellow-
beingfs."
William cF(otsnse<ville cAlger.
Fantasie— A Psychological Novelette
By LfcDRU KINNEY.
DO YOU BUY DRUGS...
Toilet Articles, Soaps or Perfumes, or any of the thousand and one articles
carried by a drug firm? Then let us send you our cut-rate catalogue.
IT WILL SA VE YOU "DOLLARS...
Does Photography interest you? Let us send you our Photographic Catalogue.
We earry the largest and most complete stock on the Coast.
Woodard, Clarke & Co.,
FOVV.TU A\?> WASHINGTON STS.
■ •»■ v •"» ^ -v v w vw v -^^w^w^r-w^i
PORTLAND, OREGON.
GOODYEAR RUBBER COMPANY.
We carry in stock a complete astorunent of RIIBKFR GOODS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
ANY STYLE. AN* HlZk ANY QUANTITY.
MACKINTOSHES
Crack Proof—
—Snag Proof
RUBBER
BOOTS
Druggists'
Rubber
Goods
jtjtj*
BOOTS AND SHOES
"GOLD SEAL"
BELTING
PACKING
AND HOSE
Rubber
and OH
Clothing
jtjtjt
R\ H. PEASE, Vice- President and Manager.
73 and 75 FIRST STREET, J PORTLAND. ORFGOIN
k A A A A A. A..*. A A A. A A. A A. A A A A A. A A AA A A A. A.A A A -
<
i
<
<
<
<
<
< i
i\
i
AVERY & CO.
furniture and upholstery hardware.
loggers' and lumbermen's supplies
sporting and blasting powder,
fishing tackle.
HARDWARE
TOOLS, CUTLERY.
MCCAFFREY'S CELEBRATED
AND HORSE RASPS.
FILES
82 Third St., near Oak,
Portland, Oregon,
Bound Copies of Vol. I, in linen, now ready. Price $1.00.
M**"See Publishers' Announcements in back of Magazine.
The Pacific Monthly.
(The entire contents of this Magazine are covered by the general copyright, and articles must not be reprinted
without special permission.)
CONTENTS FOR AUGUST, J899.
" I Must Go Back n frontispiece
A Workingman's Enterprise H. S. Lyman 147
Fantasie — The Strange Confession of an Un-
known Mystic Ledru Kinney 151
Vogelfrei (Poem) Col. E. Hofer 157
Poems of California —
The Men of Forty-Nine Joaquin SMiller 158
The Golden Gate . €Madge SMorris 158
"Wyeth's Expeditions to Oregon J. G. Young 159
Third Paper.
Selection from "The Scorner" Elizabeth Calvert 161
The Voice of the Silence 162
Chapters X and XI.
Two Poems by Sam Simpson —
Beautiful Willamette 167
The Feast of Apple Bloom 167
Sam Simpson As I Knew Him Fred A. Dunham 168
Phoebe (Poem) 5. E. 169
Art — A Threadbare Topic C. E. S. Wood 170
The Haunted Light Lischen M. Miller 172
DEPARTMENTS:
OUR POINT OF VIEW 176
Daybreak in Oregon (Poem) Jred A. Dunham 177
THE MONTH 178
The Servant Question /#/
Attending to Each Other's Faults 181
BOOKS 181
The Dead Past (Poem) Josephine 'Peabody 183
THE IDLER 184
MEN AND WOMEN—
The Question of Marriage George Mefoin 185
The Ideal American Citizen 186
From "Search Light Letters" in Scribner's Magazine.
QUESTIONS OF THE DAY—
Is Religion on the Decline? I W. H. Shelor 187
* " « " " H L. F. 188
The Time Will Come (Poem) cAdonen 188
THE FINANCIAL WORLD 189
THE MAGAZINES 190
CHESS 193
drift-
How Some Famous Men Wooed 194
Strange, But True 194
The Servant Question in Portland 195
Humorous Selections 196
Terms:— $1.00 a year in advance; 10 cents a copy. Subscribers should remit to us in P. O. or express
money-orders, or in bank checks, drafts, or registered letters.
Agents for The Pacific Monthly are wanted in every locality, and the publishers offer unusual in-
ducements to first-class agents. Write for our terms.
Manuscript sent to The Pacific Monthly will not be returned after publication unless definite in-
structions to that effect with stamps accompany letters enclosing manuscript.
Address all correspondence, of whatever nature, to
alex. sweek, Prest. THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. CO.,
J. THORBURN ROSS, Vice Prest. , , „ ., ,. „«.„„ ...^ ^„^^^„
w. B. wells, Manager. Macleay Building, PORTLAND, OREGON.
LISCHEN M. MILLER, Asst. Manager.
Copyrighted 1899 by William Bittle Wells.
Entered at the Post Office at Portland, Oregon, Oct. 17, 1898, as second-class matter.
The publishers of The Pacific Monthly will esteem it a favor if readers of the Magazine will kindly
mention The Pacific Monthly when dealing with our advertisers.
PRESS OF THE ELLIS PRINTING CO., 105 FIRST ST, PORTLAND, ORE.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES.
WILLIAM M. LADD,
President cBoard of Trustees.
J. R. WILSON, D. D.
S. R. JOHNSTON, Ph. D.
'Principals.
TORTLANV cACADEMY
Organized 1889.
«
VIEW FROM THE SOUTHWEST.
The 'work of the Academy covers the instruction of Primary,
Grammar, and Secondary Grades. Boys and girls are received
at the earliest possible school age and fitted for College. Ad-
vanced work is done in Latin, Greek, French, German, Math-
ematics, English Literature, Physics, and Chemistry J> J> J>
,*
Eleventh Year Opens at 10 A. M.
September 13th
1899
For Catalogue, Address
PORTLAND ACADEMY, »■
'Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY—SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES.
"BISHOP SCOTT <rfCADEMY...Tr^%c%zr<%L;£«,
founded 1870.
<A 'Boarding and Day School for 'Boys,
SManual Training. SMilitary 'Discipline. Jor Catalogue or other Information, address the "Principal,
J. W. HILL, M. D., y. 0. <Dra<wer 17, Portland, Or.
Whitman Colleoe
Entrance Requirements
same as
equirem
s Yale.
STRONG FACULTY. THOROUGH WORK.
Classical, Scientific, Xtterars anfc Musical departments.
HIGHEST STANDARDS. Walla Walla, Washington.
|£^ ALL- Bearing Type-Bar Joints and Fixed
■ Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unimpair-
able Alignment, Lightest Key Action. The
Most Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work.
Carriage locks at end of line, protecting the
writing. Compact Shift Keyboard. Numer-
ous Handy Features. Address for full par-
ticulars,
United Typewriter & Supplies Co.
No 232 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
<M ♦ M M »♦♦»♦♦♦♦ M ♦♦♦♦ M ♦♦♦♦♦ I ♦♦♦♦ M M ♦♦♦♦♦ M ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦ ♦
Saint Delen's Dall
All Departments
from Kindergarten
to Academic.
~U—
H Boarbing
anb H)a\> School
for (Sirls
Classical, Scientific
and English Courses.
College Preparation.
Special advantages
in flftustc anb Hrt
Thirtieth Year begins Sept. 1 3th.
For further particulars, address,
ELEANOR TEBBETTS, Principal.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
^♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ + »
When dealing with oar advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
iv
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
■
Use!
THE TELEPHONE INDEX
cA time saber for business men, and the only Index pub-
lished giving both Companies numbers*
PRICE, $2.00 PER YEAR.
For Advertising Space or Subscription, address
G. H. AYDELOTTE, telephones
No. 5 Raleigh Bldg., Portland, Ore. ^umbE'"™-
-f CAN BE OBTAINED ONLY
Pf>rlWt ...Through a Complete...
\ Metallic Circuit For each ****"****, a^
Telephone j t. — — N° Party Lines-
Service
THE COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY
Alone has these Advantages.
{ OFFICES, 606-607 Oregonian Building, PORTLAND, OREGON.
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" The Policy Holders' Company "
THE NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
1st A Cash Surrender Value. 2d A Loan equal in amount to the Cash Value.
3d Extended Insurance for the Full amount of Policy, without the request of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-up Policy
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
727, 728 & 729 Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
Established 1882.
Open Day and Night.
..* E. House's Cafe ^
ia8 Third Street
PORTLAND, OREGON
Clams and Oysters.
Home-Made Pies and Cakes.
Cream and Milk from Our Own Ranch.
The Best Cup of
Coffee and Chocolate in the City.
PATENTS
Quickly secured. OUR FEE DUE WHEN PATENT
OBTAINED. Send model, sketch or photo, with
description forfree report as to patentability. 48-PAGE
HAND-BOOK FREE. Contains references and full
information. WRITE FOR COPT OF OUR SPECIAL
OFFER. It is the most liberal proposition ever made by
a patent attorney, and EVERY INVENTOR SHOULD
READ IT before applying for patent. Address :
H.B.WILLSOIUCO.
PATENT LAWYERS,
LeDroitBldg.. WASHINGTON, D. C.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THR PA CI FTC MONTHLY— AD VTJTiTTSTMd SEcTTOX.
TTOTS r
'IVA ''■"■
•
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
Transact a General Banking Business
Special Attention Given to
Collections
^ORIX^IVID, OREGOK
<♦-♦+♦ *♦+♦♦♦+♦+♦+♦+♦+ ♦♦♦+♦♦ ♦+♦♦♦
S* G* Skidmore & Co* |
+
♦
+
♦
♦
Cut-Rate
Druggists
We give special attention to Prescriptions and +
^ the selection of High Grade Bristle Goods, a
♦ «£• a
| 15J THIRD STREET ♦
+ Portland, Oregon ^
♦»♦+♦♦♦♦♦+ ♦♦♦+♦+♦+♦♦♦+♦+♦♦ *+♦+
I Klamath Hot Springs
SISKIYOU CO., CAL,
Is most delightfully located on the Klam-
ath river, 20 miles from Ager, on the
S. P. Co.'s Shasta Route, at an altitude
of 2700 feet. There are hot and cold
mineral springs, steam baths, and hot mud
*b baths. These Springs have effected ivon-
3? derful cures of rheumatism, gout, dyspep-
4: sia, liver and kidney diseases.
JJ Large Stone Hotel.
« Best of Service. EDSON BROS., Props.
Northwestern Mutual Life
OF MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Grants more Insurance for the Same Cost or the Same Insurance
at Lower Cost than any other Company.
Largest Purely American Company.
Official Reports of State Insurance Departments Represent it to be the
Strongest and Best
For Terms, Address
S. T. L0CKW00I) & SON, General Agents,
Concord Building, Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PA CI filC MONTHL Y-LEOAL DIREC TOR Y.
I ok n H Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commercial Block, PORTLAND, ORE.
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorn ey s at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
SAMUEL J. BRUN
Attorney and Counselor at Law
sixth floor, mills building
San Francisco, Cal-
Practices in all the Courts
P.O. BOX 157. TEL. MAIN 387
RODNEY L GLISAN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
ROOM 420
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
Portland, Ore.
Library Association of Portland
24.000 Volumes and over 200 Her odicals.
$5.00 a Year and $i.'0 a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS- From 9 A. M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Sundays
and Holidays.
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK.
20 ^PoUflds ^^ Granulated Sugar
■ for one dollar
With all general orders of
GROCERIES.
A. HEWITT, 374 Washington St.
EDWARD HOLMAN
UNDERTAKER
EMBALMER and
FUNERAL DIRECTOR
280 Yamhill St.
Experienced
Lady Assistant
Alaska Mines anto™"AeJtock
Printed matter describing Alaska sent for 26 Cents in
Stamps.
MILLER & DAVIDSON
JUNEAU, ALASKA
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OP new books and magazines
25 Cents per Month
*JONES' BOOK STORE*
201 Alder Street, Portland. Oregon
WANTED
A ca'e of bad health that RIP A-N'S will not bene-
fit. R-IPA-N S, loforscents or 12 packets for 48 cents,
may be had of all druggists who are willing to sell a
low-priced medicine at a incleni profit.
They banish pain and prolong lite.
One gives relief Accept no substitute.
Note the word R I HA N S on the packet.
Send 5 cents t<> **ipans Chemical Co., No 10 Spruce
St , New York, for 10 samples and 1000 testimonials.
THEY REGULATE THE BOWELS.
THEY CURE SICK HEADACHE.
A SINGLE ONE GIVES RELIEF.
In the Pacific Northwest alone
The Pacific Monthly ha- over 20, oco readers each
month. Advertisers therefore find it a judicious
advertising medium.
Established 1885.
^PorHanb flQarble XUXovks
SCHANEN & NEU.
Estimates given on application.
268 v,RS'r street,
Bet. Madison and Jefferson,
PORTLAND, OR.
The Californian Combination
A New Sanitary Suit for Baby in Short Clothes
A unique pattern for waist and drawers in one piece with stocking supporter attachment. It fur-
nishes complete protection to the body in flannel, dispenses with bands, petticoats and numerous pin» and
button*.
For Bathing and Gymnasium Costume Unexcelled
For full description see Trained Motherhood, this number.
Pattern with full directions will be mailed upon receipt of 25 cents. Sizes one and two-year old. The
garments in shrunk flannel, natural and white. » ill 1>e sent upon receipt ot $l.uo. Apply for pattern*, cir-
culars and sample garments to Mrs. H. OTIS KRU>, Maniord University, California.
X»»»3S3C83»»S3C8S»SS»3SS»^*»S3tf^^
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Vll
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ * °* *°*^jm^->90*0'0*^~j*omo*::>mcmo*0*^^
W.C.NoonBagCo. J
INCORPORATED 1893.
Manufacturers and Importers of
Bags, Twines, Tents and Awnings,
Flags and Mining Hose.
BAG PRINTING
A SPECIALTY.
22-34 First St. Nort'i and 210-212-214-216 Couch St.
Portland, Oregon.
..HATTERS AND FURNISHERS..
5 ole Agents for
KNOX HHTS
I 94 Third St.
'^•o«c»o«o«o«o«o«o«c«c«o»c«o«o«o
Electric Laundry Go.
^128 SIXTH STREET
Shirts 8c. Collars 2c. Cuffs 4c.
All other work in proportion.
Give us a Trial. tSoth phones 700.
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
t
♦
♦
t
t
t
♦
■. W C'lRBKTT
Vice President
J. W. Nbwkirk
Asst. Cashier
G. K. WlTHINGTO*
Cashier
W. c. Alvord
2d Asst. Cashier
First
! National Bank!
♦
♦
PORTLAND, OREGON
COR. FIRST AND WASHINGTON STS.
Capital,
Surplus,
$500,000.00
650,000.00
Designated Depositary, and Financial
* Agent, United States. ♦
| t
♦+♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦+♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦* *M$
C. C. NEWCASTLE
Dentist
GRADUATE MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY
300, 301 and 302
MARQUAM BUILDING.
Portland, Or.
♦♦+♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦
X
Why Wait
till Christmas
to secure the presents you wish to
give to jour friends? A postal card
request will bring you a sample
copy ot the
HOME JOURNAL
which will tell you how to secure
many beautiful and valuable presents
v ABSOLUTELY FREE
In addition to these magnificent
premiums, each subscriber you se-
cure will rective choice of 200 books,
by standard authors, handsomely
bound, which alone is worth the
price of subscription.
J*
Write to-day to the
Journal Publishing Co.,
4*1 408 California St.,
San Francisco. „,.
tttttttttttttttttttTttHHtttt
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
rm
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
MORTGAGE LOANS
On Improved
Portland City Property
In sums from $500 to $500,000 at lowest current interest rat**.
HPS^-l^c Abstracted and Insured against
1 ■ I ICr* Defect or Loss.
TrtlStS Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND TRUST CO.
FIND US IN OUR NEW OFFICES,
FOURTH STREET ENTRANCE
WM. M. LADD, PRESIDENT.
J. THORBURN ROSS, MANAGER.
T. T. BURKHART, ASST. SECRETARY.
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING,
PORTLAND. ORE.
THE McMONIES I
Metal Scam Collars!
SHAPED TO FIT THE HORSE.
Has Extended Rim, Consequently Large Hame Room
DESCRIPTION J* &
Our Metal Seam Collar is constructed on an entirely
new principal, having no Thread or Thong sewing to rot
out, has Extended Rim which gives large hame bed and
allows the hame to rest from % inch to i inch closer to the
horses neck, pi eventing rocking of the hame and gives it a
solid bearing. The Metal Seam Collar is flexible and gives
with the action of the horse, and will not make the horse
sore. The Metal Staple used are non-corrosive and will not
rot or rust out like thread or Thongs; therefore, the collar
will wear longer. A trial will convince you that this collar
is the best and chearest on the market.
All weights and sizes.
Order at once and be the first to introduce them into
your territory. We fully guarantee each collar.
Write for 'Prices.
W. H. McMONIES,
SOLE MANUFACTURER FOR PACIFIC NORTHWEST,
74 Front St., Portland, Oregon.
Pat. Oct. 24, '93.
SPECIAL INDUCEMENTS TO THOSE REPLYING TO THIS AD.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
"/ must go back," she said. {See page 174.)
'Vol. n.
The Pacific Monthly.
AUGUST, 1899,
8Hp. 4.
A Workingman's Enterprise.
<By H. S. LYMAN.
SALMON packing, or canning, has
been a large industry for a num-
ber of years. It began about thir-
ty years ago, and rapidly ran up to a bo-
nanza business. The profits were very
great. Price of canned goods was high,
and that of raw fish low, leaving to the
canner large returns on his investment.
At first fish cost but fifteen cents apiece;
then twenty-five cents was the ruling
price for some time.
The heavy pack, however, — in 1886 it
reached 630,000 cases, of 48 i-lb cans
«ach, — led to a diminished supply of fish,
and to a consequent higher and higher
price for the raw article. The price rose
to a dollar per fish and in some cases as
high as a dollar and a quarter, but was
not obtained without strikes and trouble.
The matter was finally adjusted on a bas-
is of five cents per pound for raw fish.
This was not done without sacrifice to
the canners, as the price of raw fish was
going up while the pnee of canned goods
was, through competition from British
Columbia and Alaska, coming down,
and the Columbia river supply was also
falling short. The pack soon fell to about
one-half that of '86.
In 1896, in consequence, a combina-
tion was made among the cannerymen,
and it was agreed by them to reduce the
price to four cents per pound for raw fish.
' This was resented by the fishermen,
who complained that it was a violation of
the agreement, and that the canners gave
them no notification of a reduction until
.after all preparations for fishing had
been made, and many of the fishermen
had gone in debt for twine, etc., for mak-
ing nets. A strike was therefore order-
ed, which lasted two months and a half
of the fishing season. There was some
violence reported on the river, and final-
ly, at the solicitation of the county judge
and the mayor, who believed local au-
thority insufficient, the state militia were
brought to the city. This led to an
agreement between canners and fisher-
men, on a basis of four and a half cents,
and operations were resumed.
However, it was apparent to the fish-
ermen that in view of the combination of
the cannerymen, and, as they believed,
the partiality of the authorities, it would
be impossible to hold up prices by strikes
which in any case were costly, and might
lead to a violence for which they did not
wish to be responsible.
It was decided, therefore, by the lead-
ers of the Union to establish a co-opera-
tive cannery. It was not presumed that
the profits to the fishermen would be ma-
terially greater than before, but they felt
that they would, at least, know practical-
ly what proportion of proceeds should go
to the fishermen. They believed, further-
more, that by offering a reasonable
price they could prevent the canners
from reducing it below genuine business
necessity.
The cannery was accordingly built, and
was ready for operation in 1897. It cost
$30,000, all of which was subscribed by
200 fishermen. Much of the actual work
cf building was also done by the fisher-
J48
THE "PACIFIC ^MONTHLY.
men, many of whom are skilled mechan-
ics. The architect's work was done by
Mr. Franz Wilson, a fisherman; the pile
driving, an important part of the under-
taking, as the building- is set over the
water, — was done by Victor Sanderson,
a Finnish contractor and builder, not a
fisherman, but of the same class and race
as many of them,
The cannery has now been in operation
two seasons, packing 44,000 and 26,000
cases respectively for 1897 and 1898.
feel that they have been able to run the
cannery at a good, honest profit, and that
they have attained their object in main-
taining the price of raw fish at a figure
that could be judiciously paid. Though
their pack is not one-fifth of that on the
river, still the other canneries must pay
the same as they for fish, and they are
able to take a controlling part in fixing
this price.
Price, however, is not the only object
the Union has had in view. They look
€Mr. Sofas Jensen.
There have been no strikes, or troubles
of any kind on the river the past two
seasons. The price of raw fish has
ranged from four to five cents per pound.
This has been affected somewhat by the
demand for shipments East of fresh salm-
on, shippers paying a little more than the
canners in order to obtain the choicest
specimens. If the co-operative cannery,
therefore, sustains the price of fish to the
fishermen at the cannery, it also: sustains
that paid by the cold-storage shipper,
giving the fishermen a fair 'share of the
proceeds in any case.
As a result, the officers of the Union
upon salmon fishing as their permanent
business. Many of the fishermen are
well-to-do, owning comfortable homes in
the city, and perhaps a "ranch" in the
country, and look upon salmon fishing
as the chief means of livelihood for them-
selves and children. They desire, there-
fore, to build up the business, provide
salmon hatcheries in order to maintain
the supply of fish, secure proper laws for
protection of young salmon, and regulate
the methods of fishing so as to enable all
the fishermen to have a measurably equal
chance at taking fish.
On account of operating an independ-
cA WORKWOMAN'S ENTERPRISE.
149
ent business of their own, they are en-
abled to stand upon a par with the other
canners, who have to some extent re-
garded the business as simply a tempor-
ary investment to be made the most of
while it lasted, and after it was "played
out" to invest their capital elsewhere. It
is to be said, however, that the canners
now operating are men of much breadth
of mind and ideas. An excellent fish
law, prepared by the State Fish Commis-
dustry with which many were already fa-
miliar. Through their daily labor, and
the organization that arose out of its
exigencies, they have been learning our
language. They have even suggested and
influenced legislation, and are now tak-
ing an intelligent part in our business and
politics.
One of their number, Mr. Sofus Jen-
sen, is the secretary and business mana-
ger of the cannery; another, Mr. N. J.
*5§sra
sioner, and having the fullest approval
of both fishermen and canners, has just
passed the Oregon Legislature. Its main
feature is to provide a fund for propaga-
tion of fish by a license system laying a
tax upon fish gear, such as nets, seines,
traps, and wheels, and also upon the can-
neries.
Further legislation will be necessary to
regulate the use of gear, but the Union
feels that it is making progress, and in
general now favors the use of reasonable
measures, such as public persuasion, leg-
islative and legal remedies, and cultivat-
ing friendly relations with other packers
and canners. This it is able to do chiefly
on account of owning and operating its
own cannery.
Nothing, withal, could have been of
greater educational value for the fisher-
men themselves than this enterprise.
Most of them were foreigners, mainly
from Norway and Sweden, or Finland.
They came here unacquainted with our
language, laws, and methods of business.
They undertook fishing, as it was an in-
Svendseth, was elected to the State Leg-
islature two years ago to represent es-
pecially the fishermens' interests at the
state capital. Mr. Svendseth was not re-
elected, but the fact that when they
thought it necessary the fishermen could
take part in politics had been demon-
strated, and the legislation they desire is
given respectful attention by all parties.
One feature is quite interesting, as it
has developed since the fishermen be-
came canners. This is their treatment of
Chinese laborers. Formerly they thought
seriously of expelling the China-
men from town. They now employ a
limited number in the cannery. While
the Chinese are not altogether a desirable
body of residents — being mostly single
men and transients — it is pleasant to see
their usefulness as laborers recognized,
and no ill-treatment offered them by
white laborers.
Mr. Ole B. Olsen, secretary of the
Union, reports that since their organiza-
tion, and their business enterprise, there
has been a marked improvement in the
150
THE "PACIFIC MONTHLY.
habits of the fishermen, who are now
mainly temperate, thrifty, and ambitious
to improve their condition. The most of
them now, also, are married men, and are
raising families and acquiring property.
These men have found no serious diffi-
culty in conducting a business worth
about $200,000 a year. They employ the
best legal advice regularly, and do not
find the brains of other employers super-
ior to their own.
Fishing is a laborious and dangerous
business. The trade-mark of the cannery
suggests the method. Gill-net fishing is
done at night in an open boat, and fre-
quently in stormy weather, and often up-
on the bar of the Columbia river, in the
breakers. Drowning was not uncommon
in years past, but more caution is now
observed, and much assistance has been
rendered from the government life-sav-
ing station
Perhaps the history of this labor union
and its cannery suggests a way out of
labor troubles, which are always present,
either patent or latent. Co-operation;
yes, co-operation, but quite as much com-
petition. The fishermen are co-operating
among themselves, but competing with
the capitalistic canners, and thereby have
earned their respect.
Competition is no evil, but a necessary
element of industry. It seeks only to sup-
ply the market with articles made in-
creasingly desirable at a decreasing cost.
It does thereby constantly shut off and
crowd out inferior or expensive goods,
but for these, substitutes better; giving
better service at less expense. It is only
when the laborer is not able to compete,
and has no alternative but starvation,
that labor is oppressed. If every laborer,
like these Columbia river fishermen,
could proceed to work on his own ac-
count, and put out a product on the mar-
ket, and reap his own reward, if wages
did not suit him, there could be no op-
pression.
The industrial sin of the time is the
shutting of labor away, mostly through
legislative action, or neglect, from op-
portunity to make use of natural advant-
ages. The problem of industrial legisla
tion is to give labor equitable rights in
the resources of nature, and not permit-
private, or exclusive ownership, in the
materials and natural energies that are
required to carry on industry.
If the cannerymen had been legally al-
lowed— and this is not to say a word
against them — to own the river itself,
and all the fish in it, the fishermen would
have had no recourse but strikes and vio-
lence to prevent reduction of wages.
Where labor is shut up to violence to
preserve its part in reward of industry, it
will use violence. Wherever it has the
alternative of inaugurating competition
on its own account, and engaging its own
energies, it will infallibly resort in the end
only to industrial methods of obtaining;
its share in proceeds.
UKION FlSHERMEBfc CO-OPERATIVE Ptife Co. ASTORIA . OREGON.
Fantasic.
The Strange Confession of an Unknown Mystic.
<By LEDRU KINNEY.
The Island of , Pacific Ocean,
June, 1895.
To Whomsoever This MSS May Befall:
KNOW that these are the last words
of a soul agonized by circum-
stances unparalleled. Before the
far-journeying- carrier-pigeon with which
this message is entrusted, has cut the
ocean air with tireless wings a hundred
times, I shall have passed to the Life Be-
yond. I shall have pressed the electric
button within my reach which will re-
lease forever my sorrow-drugged soul
from its earthly cell, and allow me to join
that loved one whose early and inex-
plicable death, I strangely caused. The
whole circumstances will seem to you be-
yond the pale of possibility; but to my
own reeling senses it is altogether too
vividly true, and the course which now
alone can be — and the one which leads
to joy ineffable is to follow my Beloved
by completely snapping the material fet-
ters of my soul. It is only with the pray-
erful hope to assuage the deep stabs of
conscience and regret that I momentarily
linger here to write these confessional
words ere I drift out to that Shoreless
Sea whose breath is even now fanning
my browr.
Regarding my early life, I must be
brief. My father inherited great wealth,
but this city-inviting possession disturbed
not his retiring and philosophic trend
of mind. He loved the silence of solitude
— an existence amid the scenes of wild
mountain and ocean grandeur where his
studies and investigations could be pur-
sued amid the oracles of Nature. For
this reason, he sought a home on an is-
land in the Pacific Ocean. Here a mas-
sive edifice of stone was erected upon a
beetling cliff — high above the white shin-
ing beach that embroidered this tropic
isle of the sundown seas. It was an emi-
nence which commanded a wide sweep of
the mighty ocean, sometimes lashed to a
frothing rage— anon a grand tranquil
mirror reflecting the splendor of sun and
stars. This Palace of the Cliff was a mar-
vel of fantastic architecture. Its great
halls and apartments were enriched with
masterpieces of painting, exquisite
groups of statuary, Oriental drapings —
all those rare and countless objects of
beauty that may be summoned by the
wand of wealth. In this strange and iso-
lated environment, surrounded by sev-
eral trusty servants, dwelt my parents,
and with them their adopted daughter,
Fantasie, and myself.
Fantasie! How the letters of that name
transform into those of living light!
Fantasie — a name written in divine cali-
graphy on all the galleries of my mem-
ory— a name whose whispered sound
thrills through my trance-bound soul, un-
locking the innermost gates of life — of
rarest love, of ideality unspeakable!
"Flower," born on the verge of the Sea, in
the purity and tenderness of the opening
bloom, she strangely dropped into its
out-drifting tide, "with all her mysterious
colors and perfumes."
This island home, far away on the
bosom of the ocean's vast expanse, was
the scene of the beautiful days of our
childhood. Here, Fantasie and I, far
from the glamour, the sordid passions,
the soul dimming conditions of the
crowded mart, passed from the awaken-
ing developments of the overture of
.youth to an exquisite drama of love and
finally to the strange ending of a psycho-
logical tragedy. Fantasie was beautiful!
O, word that seems but to mock me —
that is as pictureless as the parched blank
of desert sands! Alas! even those words
which have ever slept unsung in the soul
of genius, even those beauteous shapes
which have ever hovered above the un-
earned marble, yet never resigning them-
selves to the dwelling of cold materiality,
and even those divine pictures which
152
THE PACIFIC MONTH! Y.
have ever floated in the artist's heaven of
fancy, yet never permitting- even their
shadows to fall on the immortal canvas —
all these convey but a faint conception of
that soul which shone like the quintes-
sence of pearl through the crystal-clear
covering of clay.
I sometimes have thought that she was
born of those white waves of light at
dawn — which after having been fo-
cused and compacted and crystallized in-
to a composite form — had been filled
with the rosy flush of life. Her eyes, too,
seemed to have the coloring of those
rare spots in the star-set skies where beds
of violets appear to be dreaming. No lan-
guage could tell the soft cadence of her
melting voice— no word-wrought picture
could paint the halo of spirituality which
encircled her brow.
She loved me with all the purity, the
exquisite feeling, the consuming fire of
her soul, and she was to me a sky which
contained all the heights and depths of
life ideal, in which shone all the stars of
truth, all the lightnings of thought, and
all the sunshine of perfect joy. She was
my all in all— my hope, my future and
my past. Love came into our lives with all
his "white-robed train of happy hours,
their sandals shod with fleetness."
Our days were passed in wandering
about the isle which possessed all scenic
types. There were hours of delight in
roaming amid the beauty-haunted dales
that were all aflame with the rare flowers
of that wondrous clime. At times we
would ascend the lofty hills in the central
portion of the island. To the dizzy emi-
nence of some over-shelving crag, would
we attain. Far, far beneath lay the is-
land-world with its encircling line of
gleaming beach, and beyond and as far
out as the eye could follow, rolled the
boundless main. There we were between
heaven and earth, amid eternal calm. It
seemed as though we were alone in the
universe! Oft did we sail around the
grotesque coasts, enchanted by the ever-
murmurous plash of the rippling waters
on the fairy strands, and with the frag-
rant breath of spicy groves upon our
brows. There were nights of rapture,
rich with sweet converse and that com-
munion of souls which is known only to
purest love. The evening skies were
fields sown thick with stars — stars which
ever suggested a life as superior to our
earthly existence as they themselves were
above the earth.
All the essences of the elements seem-
ed to dwell in her young being — all the
redolence of flowers, all the blendings of
harmony. She was a soul that seemed to
live in the perfumed mist of dreams — her
eyes, which were the mystery of myster-
ies, gave me the impression that they
penetrated the great Psychical Haze. O,
beauteous eyes! still do I gaze into thy
great violet depths, and my soul is wafted
away on the wings of light and is "lost in
the infinities of time and space!"
As far back in my childhood as the
dawn of awakening consciousness, I re-
member that I have possessed a pre-
cocious desire for knowledge. This pre-
mature thirst may be ascribed to the lone
and silent surroundings which my mind
has ever been in communion with, or it
may be the impulse of those gifted but
fatal faculties which have pushed me
along, as though by unseen hands, to the
brink of my wild destiny. "The Un-
known ! cannot my soul know of its mys-
teries?"— was the involuntary question
which arose within me in a sort of fren-
zied intuition — absorbing my whole ex-
istence. It was an arrogance of individ-
ual superiority which perhaps was but
the sign of a mind partially en rapport
with occult and psychic influences.
I would know the How and Why and
Wherefore ol all things. The cradle's
light of promise and the coffin's mid-
night of despair; the wonders of the ether
whirl , the invisible bonds of chainless
orbs; the steadfast constancy of the af-
finities among the atoms; the void before
created things; the evolution of the clod
to soul; the world within a leaf — a drop
of water; the minera, flora and fauna that
exists on other planets which people im-
mensity; dreams wherein some key does
turn to let a fancy free; the agencies
which shift events across the dial of his-
tory ; the alchemy which transmutes food
to thought; the crown of thorns which
Sorrow always wears; the strange pal-
impsests of immaterial memory; the hid-
den springs of life; the Something better
JANTASIE.
153
than the best; the real, the pure, the true
Love that is the destiny to which all oth-
er destinies lead — all these and countless
more I sought to solve with all the in-
sanity of a soul lit by the fires of an un-
dying impulse.
Whence and Why and Whither were
the questions I invoked of the eternal
Sphinx. Would that I could raise the
veil from the Isis of mystery — to read
there in infinite expression the Alpha and
Omega of all things! With absorbing in-
tensity I read the books of men who
found and wrote a thought to live for-
ever. I abandoned myself to the dusty
tomes which held the mystic lore of the
Rosicrucians, the old records wherein
lay revealed the triumphs of alchemists.
I devoted whole days and nights to the
study of parchments whose faded leaves
embalmed the starry dreams of the Chal-
dean philosophers. I read the tales of
wild ordeals performed by weird Adepts.
All these served as oxygen to partly feed
the flame of my soul-longings. I sought
amid all the dark and deluding corridors
of earthly life to find, the Ariadne-thread
that led to light — to the abode of Psyche.
That there was the higher life of a
hereafter my soul-longings proved to me
beyond the shadow of a doubt. I scorned
the thought that the grave was the end of
all. I could not believe that life was
nothing more than a substanceless rain-
bow that arches the sky of time — gleam-
ing but for an instant through the "mist
of human tears" and then fading away
from view, never to appear again. I
could not think that all the countless
planets whereon inhabitants had reached
a high state of evolution and the acme
and apex of human and material civiliza-
tion— I could not think that all these
were but a vast procession of moving
hearses — but revolving mockeries to the
highest aspirations of human mind. To
me the word, Immortality, was written
upon every babbling brook, upon every
lifting peak, upon every tender flower,
upon every brow of love-lit beauty, upon
the sea in mirrored light, upon the mid-
night dome in letters formed of stars.
To me this world was but a portal to
the spiritual temple — but a single speck
■ of dust in the vast expanse of glittering
stars — but an alembic which instilled
gross matter into the purity of spirit — but
a soil in which evolved non-entity, into
a life which transcends all the imagina-
tion. My material fetters goaded me. i
longed for release from such captivity.
It was as if I strove with bleeding
nails and slipping feet to climb the walls
to the prison bars — where I might catch
a breath of that pure air for which my
lungs were strangling — where I might
see in this spiritual east the blossoming
dawn of amaranthine day. Oh, that it
were mine to sever the silver cord, to
burst the lids of the dark sarcophagus,
and on wings that knew nothing of tem-
poral or spacious conditions, traverse the
infinite Halls of Arcana — to ascend to
that star of Know-all which perturbed me
with the magnetism of its gleaming pow-
er. . .
Rambling one afternoon along a cer-
tain part of the island near the coast, I
discovered a small, but weird cave. Its
interior was fantastically adorned by
those crystal and columnar forms which
are carved by the hand of eternal night.
The lamp of Aladdin never shown upon
a wilder sight. From that day this cave
became the scene of my already advanced
experiments in psychic phenomena. I
filled it with Oriental furnishings, with a
wealth of "decora," with the instruments
of science and the apparatus of my own
wild inventions. Phantasmagoric drap-
ings, soft rugs and costly furs, walls
smirched with the dreamy paintings of
love and scenes of Shadowland, mystic
mechanisms that were operated by the
unseen world, the antique vessels of
alchemy — the crucible, the cauldron, the
alembic, the appliances of a strange
chemistry — all this medley was
there and the whole lit by electric light.
Although my parents and Fantasie were
aware that I had carried away from the
Palace of the Cliff certain trappings, yet
I wish to clearly state that never was it
known to them for what purpose or to
what place.
The next few months witnessed my
rapid progress toward the cherished
goal. To1 the study of my inner life — my
introverted entity — I now focused all my
exhausting investigations. One by one
154
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
those conceptions first born in vagueness
and haunted dimness gradually grew to
positive convictions. I shall take time
to only briefly outline in the following
forms the drift of but a few of my veri-
similitudes.
I.
The universe is a unit infinite, eternal and
indestructible.
II.
Space has no bounds. Fly on the wings
of light in any direction for a trillion of
aeons; the starting place and the journey's
end are both at the center of the universe.
III.
Time has no end. The revolution of the
stars is but the falling of siderial sands in
the hour glass of eternity. The passing of a
quintillion of years would scarcely seem a
moment to the soul. The great bell of Time
is muffled in the realms of immortality.
IV.
Earth and stars seemingly go to nothing-
ness; yet other worlds evolving there take
their place. Suns and systems are infinite.
V.
Not a single atom can be annihilated.
Every atom is a center of force. A grain of
sand is as marvelous as a constellation.
VI.
The soul is an individual entity. It is an
independent thing whether in coherence
with matter or entirely free of its grossness.
VII.
The soul is immaterial and immortal.
VIII.
It is composed of some impalpable sub-
stance, which is not affected by time or cir-
cumstances. It may be a substance similar
to luminiferous ether which can dwell in the
center of an iceberg or in the crater of a
volcano without the slightest change1. It in-
terpernetrates space with the rapidity of
thought.
IX.
The denizen of earth — the human being —
has two universally admitted parts; the ma-
terial form and the soul which inhabits the
former. At death, the spiritual entity is lib-
erated from its house of perishable clay and
enters into a far more transcendent state. The
Question arises as to what is the substance
or medium which must necessarily act as a
connecting link between body and soul.
X.
Psychic experiments and deductions tell
me that this department is supplied by a
third entity which may be styled the "elec-
tric body."
XI.
The function of the "electrical body" is at
the disintegration of the mortal frame to
permit the soul to easily escape. Again it
possess an elasticity (a conclusion arrived
at with the intensity of absorbing convic-
tion) which allows a certain freedom to the
soul. Such as is given in the "state of clair-
voyance" or a still greater liberation
through the creation of a different avenue.
XII.
In death the "electric body" is entirely
disconnected with the immortal soul. As
long as perfect separation has not taken
place on these lines, one is still in the state
of mortal life — still a denizen of the mater-
ial plane of the earth.
These, among other conclusions, to-
gether with certain abstruse experiments
on Psychic lines in the laboratory of the
cave, led me to the brink of a discovery
which I hardly dare to unfold. In a suc-
cession of several experiments of a won-
derfully intricate and fearful nature, I
compounded a marvelous essence of a
volatile form whose effect you will not
believe, and whose method of creation
I have not now time to disclose. I had
discovered the key that unlocks the sep-
ulchre of the electric body.
But I must hurry on toward the end.
It was in the death-rush of midnight in
that weird cave of that lone isle, when,
with all things in readiness, I placed the
vial containing that mysterious elixir to
my lips, and drank those few drops nec-
essary to increase a hundred-fold the
elasticity of the "electrical body," and
set my soul partially at liberty. . .' .
There was a wild thrill throughout my
uttermost being, a sound like the fall of
waters into swooning depths, followed
by a sereneness — an ineffable exhilara-
tion—a feeling of uplifting ethereality
which beggars all description. I ex-
perienced no sense of weight, no impres-
sion of being pulled down by the invisible
hands of gravity. My individuality seem-
ed to be clothed in a vesture of attenuated
light. Color, sound, electricity, thought,
feeling- — all appeared to be blended in
perfect harmony in the formation of my
figure. I was immendiately cognizant of
the fact that my volition within certain
bounds was instant in its carrying into ef-
fect. My soul was restricted to spacial
limits, owing to the fact of still existing
within the elastic limitations of the "elec-
trical" body. I was thus not dead. Close
by me, in a reclining position on a divan,
was the cast of a human form. I easily
recognized it as the material prison I had
just left, yet how strange it seemed and
what a wonderful contrast between that
JANTASIE.
155
mould of clay and the glorious habili-
ments with which I was now encased!
There was in me the premonition of
beatific, transfiguring, psychic powers.
In this strange metempsychosis, I pos-
sessed no feeling of any grossness. My
form showed none of the accompani-
ments of fleshy materiality. There I
floated, an incorporeal solidity, disen-
thralled, raptured by a celestial ichor,
and raised to the delirium of ecstacy by
the thrill of a spiritual life which trans-
cends the sensibilities of the soul-clogged
earthly state. There dwelt within me the
infinity of thought and of will. The in-
tense desire to visit i^antasi, my Beloved,
my Beautiful, instantaneously arose with-
in me. My voliton scarcely assumed the
form of an intent ere its fulfillment. I
passed with an ease which knew no hin-
drance and with a rapidity whicn anni-
hilated time and space, through the ma-
terial solidity of the cave, the midnight
air and the Palace of the Cliff into the
boudoir of my Beloved.
Upon her daedal couch of ivory Fan-
tasie lay sleeping. Through the high,
wide casement there streamed a blazing
flood of white moonbeams, which trans-
formed the picture wealth of walls, the
silken hangings, the frescoed ceilings,
the lofty, burnished mirrors and a wdrld
of decorations into a trance-haunted, fra-
grant vagueness as though a million dia-
monds had been vaporized. Fantasie
was the most beautiful of ethereal beings
— divinely spirituelle! Her face, so lily
white in its almost supernatural fairness,
told in mystic language the heaven born
rapture of her dreams. Could I
cause her to be also a dweller in the
Pure Light like myself? — were the
thoughts which fondly and fleetly sug-
gested themselves.
Poised in the center of the apartment, I
directed the focused concentration of my
psychic powers toward her. For an in-
stant there was the faintest quiver
throughout her frail young being. . .
followed by a strange telepathy from soul
to soul. There was a mysterious sound
— a lulling melody — as though our souls
had become attuned to the harmonies of
spiritual spheres. My inmost being
reeled and swooned I was
lost in a maelstrom of indefinable emo-
tions. . . . yet as looking through
a magic haze the soul of Fantasie seemed
to hover between the two worlds "like
a star twixt night and morn upon the
horizons verge" . . . then followed
a relapse on the part of my Beloved into
a strange psychical apathy ... an
appearance of the cessation of the func-
tions of life. I say appearance, because
I knew that she was not in the state of
death. It was not hypnotism; it was not
clairovoyance; it was not the sleep of
trance; nor was it that suspension of or-
ganic vitality known to the medical
world as catalepsy. It was some inex-
plicable lethargy wherein the soul had
plunged, of which no language could
give a faint impression.
I must not attempt to describe the
wild psychological experiences of that
weird night, its panorama of swooning
vistas; nor could the expressionless
words of human language portray the
horrors of the two following days. Let
me clearly state here that in my efforts
to disembody Fantasie, I had negatived
and neutralized my psychic forces — and
it had become impossible for me to re-
turn to my material frame till she could
regain her general vitality or till her
complete death took place! This spell-
binding of the soul's electric forces — this
paralyzed gravity of the spiritual world
— may transcend all material understand-
ing or it may seem the height of the
absurd, but alas, it was too terribly true!
On the following morn, my parents
waited in vain for the appearance of
Fantasie; and, in order to ascertain the
reason of her absence, they visited the
chamber. I saw them draw near the
couch whereon lay Fantasie in that
strange sleep of marble stillness. I felt
the thrill and tremor of dread apprehen-
sion that swept through both of them. I
saw my father with a sudden start trem-
blingly take hold of the cold white hand
. . . then reel backward as though
struck by the lightning's bolt, whisper-
ing in the huskiness and despair of deep-
est pathos, the words . . . "She is
dead!" I felt those piercing pangs of
soul-stabbingf sorrow — those inmost
156
THE 'PACIFIC MONTHLY.
moanings of the utter insanity of hell-
doomed hope. They drank the bitter
dregs of life's changeful cup to the last
and bitterest drop.
But I must speed on toward the end.
On the following day I saw my Fan-
tasie, my tranced-love, enfolded in a
shroud and then laid within a casket.
Rare and beautiful flowers were woven
into a wreath and placed as a diadem at
her head. The state whereby our souls
were held bound, had as yet undergone
no change. I saw my parents, with tear-
filled eyes bend over her pale and passive
form — a form that possessed all the
semblance of a corpse. Ah! what a beau-
tiful corpse! A face so pure, so sweet, so
spiritual that it seemed defiled by the
solar light of this material world. Eyes
closed in flutterless immobility and
fringed with the midnight sweep of
lashes. Bosom of marble, within
which had ceased the tides of life to
rise and fall. Pallid, yet matchless lips,
whose once lightest whisper thrilled all
souls, now voiceless as the tomb. It was
a scene lovely and sad beyond all words.
The hearts of my parents seemed at-
tuned to that of a keyboard upon which
the fingers of death touched every note
that is known to unutterable woe, to
starless hope, and un palliative anguish.
Then I' beheld the grim and pitiless lids
of the coffin closed down by hands that
could not know. Away up upon the hill-
side, they bore with solemn tread the
casket. There under the sod of that sun-
ny slope from which sprang flowers that
were so warmly cherished, Fantasie, my
Beautiful, my Beloved, was buried alive!
I must not attempt to infuse in words
the terrible state of my feelings — the
paroxyism of anguish, the psychical
storms that raged within my inmost in-
dividuality. Our souls were still welded
together by that electric chord, caused
by the neutralizing of my phychic forces,
when I endeavored to set free her soul
to the utmost limitations of the "electric
body" — in the attempt to have her join
me in the plane of Pure Light. As be-
fore said, my state was such that it could
undergo no change till the general re-
rival of Fantasie or till her complete
death. What followed I never knew.
Those wild tapestries of horror which I
must have woven with the thread of in-
sane thought, were one by one unraveled
by the fingers of Forgetfulness. All that
delirous Memory now recalls is that
Fantasie died! That is to say, that frail
cast of clay wherein for a time dwelt one
of the gentlest of world-bound souls —
this material substance returned to dust,
perhaps in future time to billow in Old
Ocean's waste, to form the velvet petals
of a flower or perhaps to beat in the
young blood of another fair daughter of
earth. But the maiden's soul — the im-
perishable Psyche, released by mysteri-
ous death. in his most mysterious form,
passed to the pure realms of the higher
Uranian life, there to be crowned with
immortelle. With a rush like that of a
falling meteorite, I returned to the cave
and re-entered the vesture of mortality — -
my earthly form once more.
lie*******
Where art thou, O! my beautiful?
Where art thou gone, my sunful day, my
starful night? Is it not thou who dost
illumine the cave by the angel light of
thy presence- — a light that bathes my
•soul in serene dreams? Methinks I see:
thee through the psychic haze which
veils thee sadly from my sight. Thine
eyes of violet still do thrill me like the
grand and lustrous amethystine stars of
midnight skies. Thou art grown even
fairer now than when thou dwelt in hu-
man clay — ah! fairer now than all the
souls whom beauty ever crowned. O,
my Soul's Desire, what scent is to the
flower, what music is to sound, what
light is to the star — that thou art to me.
Ah! sad and wondrous was that dreadful
night — that cold and doomful grave.
How cruel fell the mysterious stroke up-
on thy sleeping frailty! O, Angef One,
while wrapt in cerements of dark des-
pair, didst thou endure all agonies which
pitiless death can give to pure and gen-
tle innocence? Alas! that those strange
psychic flowers born in the deep depths
of my longing soul should so strangely
mix their poppy dew in thy young life
as to hush thee to that sleep of mystery
which onlv the dawn of Another Dav
VOGELFREI. 157
could thee awaken! Soul of my Soul, my which beckons on. . . . The stars
Being's Parallel, the day is not without shall melt in the crucible of time like
thee. . . . Against the island shore flakes of snow on the ocean dome, but
I hear the billows clash. They seem the our love shall live in immortal youth in
clanking of the fetters, Angel-one, which Psyche's home — the home of the ideal of
chain my soul from thee. . . I see ideality! ... I come, O! my Beau-
thy beauteous' smile — I see thy lily hand tiful, to thee.
Vogelfrei.
Our mating done,
Love's course is run. \
On bouyant wing our spirits rise;
All passion past,
We're free at last—
We march and countermarch the skies.
Our young are reared,
The fields are cleared,
The sun a golden glamour throws;
Our broods are grown,
And fledglings flown —
The air with Autumn perfume glows.
We lilt and sing
And flit and fling
Through every copse and heather;
We coast and glide
By country side^-
Week in, week out, of golden weather.
We bask through days
Of azure haze,
And carol into dewless nights;
We sink to rest
On earth's warm breast
And wake the morn with new delights.
We flash and fly
We skim the sky
And hurtle down the vaulted dome;
All winds are fair,
All days are rare,
Where'er our marshalled armies roam.
The wild grain grown.
The thistle blown,
And all the world in dainties dressed,
Our life is free,
No care know we —
Both earth and air yield us their best.
Col. E. Hofer, Salem, Or.
Poems of California.
The Pacific Monthly will^publish'from month to month poetry that is distinctive of the Pacific Coast,
and which time and criticism\have given a recognized standing. Poems of Oregon were published in June,
and Poems of Washington will appear next month.
THE MEN OF FORTY-NINE.
®$> JOAQUIN FILLER.
What lives they lived, what deaths they
died!
A thousand canyons, darkling -wide
Below Sierra's slopes of pine,
Eeceive them now. And they who died
Along the far, dim, desert route —
Their ghosts are many. Let them keep
Their vast possessions. The Piute,
The tawny warrior, will dispute
No boundary with these. And I
Who saw them live, who felt them die
Say, let their unploughed ashes sleep,
Untouched by man, on plain or steep.
The bearded, sunbrown'd men who bore
The burden of that frightful year,
Who toil'd, but did not gather store,
They shall not be forgotten. Drear
And white, the plains of Shoshonee
Shall point us to that further shore,
And long, white shining lines of bones,
Make needless sign or white mile-stones.
The wild man's yell, the groaning wheel;
The train that moved like drifting barge;
The dust that rose up like a clouds —
Like smoke of a distant battle; Loud
The great whips rang like shot, and steel
Of antique fashion, crude and large,
Plashed back as in some battle charge.
They sought, yea, they did find their rest
Along that long and lonesome way,
These brave men buffeting the West
With lifted faces. Full were they
Of great endeavor. Brave and true
As stern Crusader clad in steel,
They died afield as it was lit.
Made strong with hope, they dared to do
Achievement that a host today
Would stagger at, stand back and reel,
Defeated at the thought of it.
What brave endeavor to endure!
What patient hope, when hope was past!
What still surrender at the last,
A thousand leagues from hope! how pure
They lived, how proud they died!
How generous with life! The wide
And gloried age of chivalry
Hath not one page like this to me.
Let all these golden days go by,
In sunny summer weather. I
But think upon my buried brave,
And breathe beneath another sky.
Let beauty glide in gilded car,
And find my sundown seas afar,
Forgetful that 'tis but one grave
From eastmost to the westmost wave.
Yea, I remember! The still tears
That o'er uncoffin'd faces fell!
The final, silent, sad farewell!
God ! these are with me all the years !
They shall be with me ever. I
Shall not forget. I hold a trust.
They are part of my existence. When
Swift down the shining iron track
You sweep, and fields of corn flash back.
And herds of lowing steers move by,
And men laugh loud, in mute distrust,
I turn to other days, to men
Who made a pathway with their dust.
THE GOLDEN GATE.
'By 3JADGE mORRIS.
Down by the side of the Golden Gate
The city stands;
Grimly, and solemn, and silent, wait
The walls of land,
Guarding its door as a treasure fond;
And none may pass to the sea beyond,
But they who trust to the king of fate,
And pass through the Golden Gate.
The ships go out through its narrow door,
White-sailed, and laden with precious store —
White-sailed and laden with precious freight
The ships come back through the Golden
Gate.
The sun comes up o'er the Eastern crest,
The sun goes down in the golden West;
And the East is West and the West is Bast
WYETH'S EXPEDITIONS TO OREGON.
159
And the sun from the toil of day released,
Shines back through the Golden Gate.
Down by the side of the Golden Gate —
The door of life —
Are resting our cities, sea-embowered,
White-walled and templed, and marble-
towered —
The end of strife.
The ships have sailed from the silent walls,
And over their sailing the darkness falls.
O, the sea is so dark, so deep, and wide!
Will the ships come back from the further
side?
"Nay; but there is no further side,"
A voice is whispering across the tide —
"Time, itself, is a circle vast,
Building the future out of the past;
For the new is old, and the old is new,
And the true is false, and the false is true.
And the West is East and the East is West
And the sun that rose o'er the Eastern crest,
Gone down in the West of his circling track,
Forever, and ever, is shining back
Through the Golden Gate of life.
0, soul ! thy city is standing down
By its Golden Gate;
Over it hangs the menacing frown
Of the king of fate.
The sea of knowledge so near its door,
Is rolling away to the further shore —
The Orient side —
And the ocean is dark, and deep and widet
But thy harbor, 0, soul ! is filled with sails
Freighted with messages, wonder tales,
From the lands that swing in the sapphire
sky,
Where the gardens of God in the ether lie.
If only thy blinded eyes could see,
If only thy deaf-mute heart could hear,
The ocean of knowledge is open to thee,
And its Golden Gate is near!
For the dead are the living — the living the
dead.
And out of the darkness the light is shed;
And the East is West and the West is East,
And the sun, from his toil of day released,
Shines back through the Golden Gate.
Wyeth's Expeditions to Oregon.
1831-6.
A Chapter in the History of the Occupation of Oregon.
Third Paper.
% F. G. YOUNG, of the University of Oregon.
THE motive that impelled Wyeth to
undertake his expeditions to the
Oregon country was that same
primal instinct that has been the predom-
inant influence in producing- the west-
ard movement of the Aryan peoples since
their first promptings of might. The sug-
gestion was received by Adam in the
Garden of Eden, when he was told to
subdue the earth and have dominion
over its creatures. Wyeth's intimations
were clear that there was a role for
him in his country's service to mankind
of subduing the continent to man's high-
er uses. On February 6. 1832, he writes,
"I cannot divest myself of the opinion
that I shall compete better with my fel-
lowmen in new and untried paths than in
those to pursue which requires only pa-
tience and attention."
There was much in a Boston environ-
ment to bring the Columbia basin very
close to the consciousness of a nature
thus endowed. He was cognizant of at
least half a dozen Boston houses that had
grown wealthy in prosecuting the fur
trade of the North Pacific coast. The
voice and pen of Hall J. Kelley had been
busied for half a generation in an effort
to rouse a company to go out to possess
Oregon, as a veritable promised land.
The special phase of the matter that
appealed to the mind of Wyeth with his
training as a merchant was the fact that
the arrangement made by the treaty be-
tween Great Britain and the United
States through which citizens, of either
power had a common right of trade in
the whole territory claimed by both had
resulted in the destruction of the Amer-
ican trade. The Hudson's Bay Com-
pany, representing the consolidation of
British fur-trading interests, enjoyed the
advantage of natural highways across
the continent to the Oregon country.
On these all necessary posts for relays
160
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
were being maintained. The Boston
merchants had the better of the English
so long as no posts had existed and both
were trading with the Indians from the
decks of vessels. When, however, the
great British companies had extended
their operations from their centers on
Lake Superior and the Hudson Bay
across the mountains and down the Co-
lumbia river, establishing a strong chain
of posts as they advanced, the fur trade
there assumed a new and higher organi-
zation. Trade on the coast from vessels
with its delays and haphazard connec-
tions was no longer profitable. The
American ventures by the Winships and
by Astor, proved disastrous. Ashley,
the Smiths, the Sublettes, Jackson and
others, conducted operations from St.
Louis, but without determined and
far-reaching plans for expansion. Their
activities beyond the rocky mountains
were of .a nomadic order. The English
company, with its established posts, was
supreme. It represented a higher eco-
nomic organization, and was impregnable
against such forms of assault as the
Americans had so far brought against it.
Wyeth fully appreciated this. He,
however, believed that the region from
the Columbia river south to the forty-
second parallel,' and from the Rocky
mountains to the ocean, a country three
hundred by six hundred miles in extent,
was still fairly open for occupation. He
proposed to occupy it. The status of a
joint occupancy, he thought, would last
hut a few years longer. By the time of
its termination the American trade in
vessels would have wholly disappeared
before the more economic methods of
the Hudson's Bay Company and his
own, and he would be left in sole pos-
session of the region above described.
Wyeth, as a New Englander, is hardly
to be blamed for not having forseen the
pioneer movement, for it came from the
western frontier. So precipitately did
this sweep on and constitute an. occupa-
tion by an agricultural population that
there was no successful occupation of
Oregon by American traders organized
under the higher form with established
posts. Wyeth, nevertheless, was a fore-
runner for both. He made the trial and
thus hastened the occupation that was
decisive.
Moreover, his was not to be the mere
copy of the British forms of enterprise.
The beginning of what has developed in-
to the great salmon industry of the North
Pacific coast was definitely planned and
in a measure inaugurated by Wyeth on
the basis of the best information available
in his day. The possibility of tobacco
culture here was also a matter of special
hope to him, and he made preparations
accordingly.
Unlike the Hudson's Bay Company
and most projectors of new enterprises,
he spurned monopoly privileges. Re-
ferring to a petition which he was for-
warding to Edward Everett at, Washing-
ton, he says that he only wishes "that
something should be done as an induce-
ment for Americans generally to go out
to that country in order to form a pre-
ponderating interest there to counteract
that of Great Britain already established.
The government would poorly serve our
interests in granting to the Oregon So-
ciety (Kelley's) any exclusive privileges
there. Nothing on our part is desirable
excepting aid to get men out there and
the enacting of some laws for their regu-
lation when there, and then leave us to
ourselves. I should be sorry if these
petitions should have any other effect
than to call the attention of congress to
the subject in such manner as to induce
them to act as their wisdom may dictate
in aiding good men to form a settlement
in that region, and to assume the govern-
ment of the colony when there, and not
as the petition may possibly be construed
to mean, to throw the trade or the gov-
ernment of the colony into the hands of
this or any other society. * * * If
you conceive that it (the petition) will
forward our interests, as above explain-
ed, present it; if it is to serve the purpose
of throwing the control and trade of that
country into the hands of a society whose
business should be to aid men in getting
there and then to leave them to form
their own mode of society, withhold it."
When we compare the material re-
sources at the command of Wyeth with
those in the possession of the giant cor-
poration he proposed to confront, we are
struck with his sublime audacity. With
a strength of less than ten thousand dol-
WYETH'S EXPEDITIONS TO OREGON.
161
lars he was to pit himself against an an-
tagonist possessing mofe than two mil-
lions. Astor's Pacific Fur Company had
a capital stock of two hundred thousand.
Wyeth's second expedition was backed
by a company with a capital of $40,000.
An examination of the details of Wyeth's
planning elicits admiration. With an
outlay of $5000, a company of twenty-
four men, equipped for trapping and a
season's trading with the Indians, are
taken, in 1832, from Boston to the Pa-
cific ocean. True, half of them deserted
at rendezvous on the Green river, but
these were supplied for their return. Se-
curity amounting to another $5,000 was
furnished that a cargo would be ready
on the Columbia for a vessel, if Wyeth,
from Oregon, ordered a vessel with
goods dispatched from Boston. T. J.
Farnham, in his "Travels in the Oregon
territory," says: "From what I saw and
heard of Wyeth's management in Ore-
gon, I was impressed with the belief that
he was, beyond comparison, the most
talented business man from the states
that ever established himself in the terri-
tory."
Irving, in his "Bonneville," takes oc-
casion to emphasize the helplessness of
Wyeth and his company of "down-east-
ers" when brought face to face with the
stern realities of their expedition. And
yet Wyeth meets the vicissitudes incidefit
to "roughing it" with quite as much poise
as did Irving's hero. So far, the main
source extant on Wyeth's first expedi-
tion has been a book compiled from ma-
terial furnished by a deserter from his
company. The motive of the book is, of
course, the exoneration of the spokes-
man. The expedition was organized on
a co-operative democratic principle. All
were to share in the profits of the con-
cern. The leader was to receive a special
portion because of his advancing the
funds for the outfit and providing the se-
curity upon which a vessel and cargo
was pledged. All resolutions of the com-
pany seemed to be determined by vote.
Wyeth hardly ever reveals any of the
hardships experienced in crossing the
plains and mountains. While still six
days out from Walla Walla his journal,
however, reads: "Lay down, cold and
hungry and supperless, hoping that our
traps would give us beaver in the morn-
ing." The entry for the next day begins:
"Got seven beaver, and went to eating,
like good fellows." '
He unconsciously reveals his real con-
dition in giving expression to the reac-
tion of his feelings on his reception at
the Hudson's Bay Company's posts.
His personal relations with all the repre-
sentatives of the company were the pleas-
antest possible. At the meeting with Dr.
John McLaughlin, on October 29, 1832,
a friendship was begun that remained
warm until Wyeth's death in 1856. In
, 1847 Wyeth interceded for McLaughlin
at Washington, that he might be secured
in his property rights. It is to be hoped
that the correspondence between these
two remarkable men is preserved on
both sides. Indications, however, do not
point to that conclusion. Of the hospi-
tality of Dr. McLaughlin and others
Wyeth writes thus: "I was invited by
Dr. McLaughlin (Gov. in behalf of the
H. B. Co. in this country) to make this
post my habitation until I returned. I
have been treated in the most hospitable
and kind manner by all the gentlemen of
this country. There are far more of the
comforts of life enjoyed here by the res-
idents than is imagined in the states."
(To be Continued.)
"He shall himself be laughed to scorn
Who sits in the scorner's chair.
'Tis better far to believe— believe
Till our very souls outwear
The power to doubt than to curl and sneer
The lips at those who see and hear."
Elizabeth Calvert.
The Voice of the Silence.
Began in January number.
Chapter X.
IT is counted a brave thing to die upon
the field of battle, urged to sublime
heights of courage by the splendid
circumstance of war. But it is even a
braver thing to wait, through long,
weary, pain-wracked months for death
to come to one, and wait without one
murmur or uttered regret, knowing full
well thatjn dying so, in life's sweet, early
prime one leaves one's work half-done.
Oh, it is hard to die when one is young!
It is cruel to be forced to lie day after
day, and feel the heartstrings slowly
straining till they snap at last, and all is
over here in this world forever and ever.
And who knows what follows in the
next, or if there be a next, at all? Yet it
may be that as the barriers of the flesh fade
and fall away in the long-drawn months
of pain, the spiritual sight is quickened
and the tired soul glimpses the glory be-
yond the gates of death.
One night, when the winds were still,
and the tide ebbed without a ripple,
Elise, watching beside Nanita's pillow,
heard a sound as of music — music that
dipped into silvery laughter and melted
away in tender sighs. And Nanita, till
then resting quietly, lifted herself upon
her elbow and listened, a great light
breaking over her pale face. Presently
they heard it again, that wierd, sweet
strain, like an angel-call through the
darkness of the soft spring night. And
then, with a tremulous sigh, Nanita sank
back upon the pillows, smiling, and
Elise, bending down, kissed her.
"You are better tonight!"
"Yes," the answer came faintly, and
smiling still, the girl turned her face to
the wall and fell asleep.
In the early morning, when Odin
came, as was his; wont, to minister to
their needs in whatever fashion he might,
he knocked at the cabin door and, re-
ceiving no response, went in. Through
the half-drawn curtains 01 the inner
chamber he saw the rigid outline of the
form upon the narrow bed, and Elise
seated beside it, her head resting upon
the pillow and her face turned to the
gray dawn, creeping in at the window.
She was asleep, and the sight of her un-
veiled features gave him a shock of sur-
prise. Deeply moved he turned away,
and in doing so made some slight noise
that awakened her. She rose and came
to him at once.
"I must have fallen asleep," she said.
"How early it is!"
"Yes, I am sorry I disturbed you.
How is Nanita?"
"'Better, I think. She is sleeping. She
has slept since midnight." They turned
back to the bed. "How still she lies!"
they said. "Let us not waken her, it is
so long since she rested like this!"
But there was no need to move softly
and to speak under the breath. No dan-
ger now of disturbing that dreamless
slumber. Nanita would never again
awaken in this world. She was dead.
"My girl, Nanita — I come to see Nan-
THE VOICE OF THE SILENCE.
f63
ita." The voice was soft and sweet as
the winds in the treetops.
"Oh," cried Efise, rising and coming
forward with the child clinging to her
skirts, "you are Nanita's mother!"
"Yes."
"Nanita is — is — dead," replied the
girl, her voice breaking at the word.
"Yes," repeated the Indian woman, "I
know. Last night her spirit went out on
the tide, I know. I sat on the shore of
the river. At midnight she passed, I saw
her going out to sea. Twenty miles I
walk along the beach up from the
south, for I know that she must die, and
it was dark when I come to the river
and I sit down to wait. At midnight
she come. Nanita, and I know she is
dead. And so I sit and wait. And when
the sun come up over the hills. Jeff bring
his boat and set me across."
When Odin reached the village, he
hauled his boat up on the beach below
the cannery, and went straight to Han-
son's cottage. Hanson's daughter, Nellie,
came to the door, and to Nellie he told
his story briefly, standing on the little
porch, hat in hand, the morning breeze
stirring through his hair. And Nellie,
true and sweet and tender of heart, list-
ened with tears dimming the blue of her
beautiful eyes.
"Of course I will go,"' she said, and
hastened to make ready. She would
have gone through fire at Odin's sugges-
tion. The years on the river had passed
happily enough for her because he was
there. She kept the home her father
provided as clean and dainty as a sea-
washed shell, and was the light of his
eyes, the pride of his life. The village
gossips marveled much that she still re-
mained Nellie Hanson, for it was known
that she had not been without offers of
marriage. However, the right man had
not asked her yet. Sometimes she
thought that there was small chance of
his ever doing so, but she was of the sort
that die waiting rather than to accept a
substitute. If Odin did not ask her, she
reasoned, there was no liklihood of his
asking anyone else, and as long as she
had no rival she could be content.
True, she knew that he spent his rare
hours of leisure in the cabin under the
pines' and her woman's intuition told her
why. He was faithful to the "White
One," the "Moon-Child." Strangely
enough, she never felt the slightest pang
of jealousy; at least not until the re-
turn of the mysterious maiden to the riv-
er. And then her jealousy was mixed,
with a rare sweetness and patience.
With loving touches Elise and the
Indian mother were making ready for
burial the pallid form of Nanita when
Odin returned with Nellie. Perhaps if
they had met under different circum-
stances, these two girls, so utterly foreign,
to each other in nature and bringing up,
would have held aloof, would have-
wrapped themselves m reserve and tacit-
ly refused to become friends. But this
was not a time for conventions. To Elise
the fair-haired daughter of Norway came
as a ministering angel. To Nellie, Elise
was a woman stricken with sorrow and
alone, a fellow-creature who needed to
be comforted. The bars were down, and
they walked straight into each other's
hearts. When this happens it is too late
to think about reservations.
5fc SJC S(C ^C 5fc
It was night. The tender radiance of
the stars illumined the darkness with a
soft, warm glow. Down to the boats
drawn up at the landing, they brought
the uncoffined dead, shrouded in white
and bound and wrapped from head to
feet after a time-honored custom of the
Indians. And on the last of the ebbing
tide they drifted down toward the sea,
shadowy and dim through the silent
night. On a shelving beach below the
lofty headland overlooking the bar, they
landed, and, disembarking, bore their
ghostly burden up the sliding sands to
the rounded, grassy hill-top where a
newly-made grave yawned black under
the pitying stars. Into this grave, lined
thick and soft with ferns and fragrant
fir boughs they lowered the shrouded
form to the sound of the wailing mono-
tone of the Indian woman, mourning her
dead after the manner of her people.
When the grave was filled in, and covered
over they moved away in silence and,
descending to the boats, re-embarked
and passed up the stream on the breast of
the incoming tide. Far through tihe
night as they swept homeward in the
warm dusk they heard that weird, wailing
164
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
chant and knew that the faithful mother
kept watch above the sea.
Chapter XI.
IT WAS lonely in the cabin with only
the child for company. Elise was
restless and unhappy and assailed by
a thousand morbid fears and fancies. She
missed Nanita more and more as the
days went by. And yet when she "pon-
dered upon the cruel fate of the half-
breed girl, she could not find it in her
heart to wish her back again in a world
Avhose social conditions made of her an
alien, almost an outcast. For many
things, hitherto hidden, had been re-
vealed to her in those silent watches of
the night when she sat by Nanita's bed-
side and listened to the stillness. Life
was not the bright and beautiful play-day
that it had seemed to her before her own
affliction. It held a deeper meaning now,
and already some outline, vaguely seen
through clouds of doubt, of splendid .pur-
poses and possibilities, began to stir her
nature with dim hopes and half-formed
dreams. Her own pain and disappoint-
ment lost its poignancy in the contem-
plation of the woe of the world. And the
secret of her present unrest was not so
much sorrow for the loss she had sus-
tained, or loneliness and regret, as it was
a growing dissatisfaction with her own
part in the drama of human existence.
It was the first thrill of an awakening,
dimly recognized, but keenly felt, to a
sense of human kinship, human respon-
sibility,— the Divine spark kindling at
last to a living flame. She questioned, as
she had never done before, her own con-
science, her own moral consciousness.
There was so much wretchedness and
pain and poverty in the world. Had she
ever lifted her hand to lessen it one de-
gree? Was not the sorrow and the sin-
ning going on today? and yet she sat
here in idle solitude nursing a disap-
pointment that she had very likely earn-
ed, and richly deserved. What was she
doing? Nothing, clearly nothing! True,
there was the boy, Nanita's little son, for
whom she cared most tenderly and well,
but was not that because she loved him,
because she loved all little children? —
Stav! Did she — honestlv? Was it not
rather selfishness that moved her? How
else could she answer for,, the fact that
her vast fortune lay. practically un-
touched while there were baby hands
that begged for bread. •
It would have contributed to her peace
of mind if her little charge had been more
exacting, had taken up more of her time.
As it was he required scarcely any at-
tention. He was like a little dumb creat-
ure of the wilds, silent and self-reliant,
with his air of timid reserve and his big
solemn eyes, yet obedient to a word, a
look. Though he did not fret or com-
plain, it was evident that he missed his
mother.
"He live not very long," said the In-
dian grandmother in her soft, plaintive
tones. "Not long, maybe ten years, may-
be twenty, but he die soon."
"No, no," cried Elise, and caught him
to her breast. "He shall not. Why do
you say it?"
The woman shook her head in a slow,
sad fashion.
"Indian blood and white blood, they
poison each other when they mix."
"But he is so healthful, so strong, and
I shall rear him so carefully — "
But the grandmother was not con-
vinced. She rose from her crouching po-
sition on the hearthstone and went out,
seeming to melt into the purple shadows
of the gathering twilight, leaving Elise
to ponder her remark. In the month fol-
lowing Nanita's death she came and went
as it suited her, silent for the most part,
or answering in monosylables when
spoken to, but helpful in the small house-
hold duties of the cabin, bringing drift-
wood from the beach, and water from the
well in the little hollow under the clus-
tering pines. Then one morning in the
grey dawn Jeff carried her across the
river in his boat, and she drifted away
down the surf-Jine to the southward and
was seen no more in that place forever.
Odin came as before. . Sometimes he
brought Nellie Hanson, and Nellie's in-
fluence, sweetly serene and unconscious,
was perhaps the most healthful tonic that
Elise, at this season, could have had. For
Nellie was as sensible and matter-of-fact
in her acceptance of life and its relations
as it was. possible for a young woman of
THE WlCE OF THE SILENCE.
165
twenty-three years' limited experience
to be. She was the opposite of Nanita in
evervthing — -in looks, in mariner and in
thought. The sweetness of her nature
was without alloy. To her, Elise spoke
freely of the child and of her plans for his
future.
"He shall have every advantage," she
concluded.
"I am not sure that would increase his
usefulness," was the smiling reply.
Elise sighed. "I wish I knew just how
and where to begin. He is nearly four
years old, and I suppose he should be
learning to read, but I doubt my ability
to teach him even the alphabet."
"If I were you," suggested Nellie, "I
should talk it over with Odin."
Elise glanced up quickly, then let her
eyes fall: "Thank you," she said musing-
ly. "I think I shall. I wonder it has not
occurred to me before." But she was
meditating upon something else at the
moment. A woman's ear is quick — and
Nellie's voice had betrayed her.
In the course of time Elise did speak
to Odin about the child, and about other
things that troubled her.
"You must advise me Odin. I am
only a woman, and a woman is so help-
less— I cannot see what I should do be-
yond this present duty to the boy, and
even here you must direct me. I wish I
could teach him myself,, but I am too
ignorant, and I want him to begin right.
I never did. In fact I don't believe I ever
began at all — just picked up enough to
enable me to conceal my real lack when
'he necessity arose for concealment. But
I want the boy's education to be thor-
ough. I want him to know everything.' I
want him, above all else, to be happy."
''Then," cried Odin, "teach him noth-
ing. Let him remain as he is — or grow
up cis his ancestors did. In ignorance
lies his only chance for happiness."
"Xo, no," she replied. "You do not
mean it. I come to you for help and you
mock me."
Odin, leaning with folded arms
against the trunk of a young pine, looked
at her and was silent.
"I want to do something," she ex-
claimed, "to make the world better and
brighter for those who toil and struggle
for daily bread. Oh, I want to make peo-
ple happier." She flung her arms out and
drew them back against her' breast.
"If,'? replied her companion, his eyes
still upon her, "you succeed in lessening,
in ever so small a degree, the sum total
of human misery,' you will do well, and
more than others of your class are do-
ing."
She turned towards him. "You speak
as if you believed there was no such
thing as happiness."
"I do believe it."
"Odin!"
"It is true there are degrees of wretch-
edness, but happiness? It is only the ig-
norant and the blind who dream that they
are happy. To the man or the woman
whose eyes are open — who sees and
thinks — the hopelessness of the situation
is too apparent to be ignored."
"Then," cried Elise, her whole nature
rising in passionate protest against this
gospel of gloom, "then, better, a thou-
sand times, ignorance and blindness!
But I thank God from my heart that I
do not believe you."
"I would be glad to believe otherwise
if I could, but truth is truth, and cannot
be denied."
"Truth! The gospel of Christ must be
a lie if that is truth."
"Not a lie, but a delusion."
"And human faith — is that, too, a de-
lusion?"
"It is."
"And God?"
"The only God I know is the good in
my fellowman. The only religion, the tie
of universal brotherhood. But if I be-
lieved in your God I should pray to him
daily to remove the curse of superstition
which darkens the world." He spoke
with bitter emphasis, and Elise cried out
in pity and pain, and was silent again,
not trusting herself to speak till she
could calm the tumult of emotion which
his words aroused.
When at last she found her voice, she
said slowly: "I am not sure, but I think
that which you call ignorance I recognize
as knowledge."
"It may be," he replied sadly. "They
are often mistaken for each other."
"Yet," she hesitated — and went on —
166
THE "PACIFIC MONTHLY.
"yet" your belief, or lack of it — has it not
shadowed your own life, Odin?"
Her tones vibrated with tenderness
and sympathy, and he turned aside to
hide the tremor of his lips. It was his
curse that he was color-blind. He saw
only the tragedy of life, his limited vision
missed its joyousness and beauty.
"It is better, my Odin, to be ignorant-
ly happy than miserably wise." She drew
nearer and laid her hand upon his arm.
"I want you to help me. To show me
how to make people happier — to make
life brighter and easier for those to whom
it is now hard and dark. I want particu-
larly to help little children." Her words
came softly — slowly — "I know that —
that I cannot rest until I have made a
begining, but I am so — so ignorant, not
in the way you measure ignorance —
when it comes to that, I am wiser, far
wiser than you, my Odin, for I know
that — that—
'God's in his heaven,'
and that, somehow, if we do what is de-
creed all will be 'right with the world.' "
"But I cannot see clearly where or
how to begin. You will help me, Odin?"
He covered the hand that rested upon
his arm with his own. "If I could I
would, but — "
"Do not deny me this, Odin. You can,
as no other could, show me how to make
my hitherto useless fortune serve the
world to some purpose."
The sun was sinking in the unclouded
west as its lower rim touched the sea-girt
horizon, a ship, full-rigged and bouyant
as a bird, sailed across the face of the
great golden disc —
"Oh!" cried Elise, and caught her
breath in wonder. They stood and
watched until the picture faded. Till the
ship had sailed across the sun — and the
sun had sunk into the sea.
"We might watch the sun set every
day for the rest of our lives and never see
that sight again," said Odin. And Elise
replied: "It is an omen."
But whether of good or ill she did not
venture to predict.
(To be continued.)
Two Poems by Sam Simpson.
Beautiful Willamette.
From the Cascade's frozen gorges,
Leaping like a child at play,
Winding, widening through the valley,
Bright Willamette glides away;
Onward ever,
Lovely river,
Softly calling to the sea;
Time that scars us,
Maims and mars us,
Leaves no track or trench on thee!
II.
Spring's green witchery is weaving
Braid and border for thy side;
Grace forever haunts thy journey,
Beauty dimples on thy tide.
Through the purple gates of morning,
Now thy roseate ripples dance;
■Golden, then, when day departing,
On thy waters trails his lance;
Waltzing, flashing,
Tinkling, plashing,
Limpid, volatile and free —
Always hurried
To be buried
In the bitter, moon-mad sea.
III.
In thy crystal deeps, inverted,
Swings a picture of the sky,
Like those wavering hopes of Aidenn
Dimly in our dreams that lie;
Clouded often, drowned in turmoil,
Faint and lovely, far away —
Wreathing sunshine on the morrow,
Breathing fragrance rrn"n<l today.
Love could wander
Here, and ponder —
Hither poetry would dream;
Life's old questions,
Sad suggestions,
"Whence and whither?" throng thy
stream.
IV.
On the roaring waste of ocean,
Soon thy scattered waves shall toss;
'Mid the surges' rythmic thunder
Shall thy silver tongues be lost.
Oh, thy glimmering rush of gladness
Mocks this turbid life of mine,
Hacing to the wild Forever,
Down the sloping paths of time —
Onward ever,
Lovely river,
Softly calling to the sea;
Time that scars ua,
Maims and mars us,
Leaves no track or trench on thee!
The Feast of Apple Bloom.
When the sky is a dream of violet
And the days are rich with gold,
And the satin robe of the earth is set
With the jewels wrought of old;
When the woodlands wave in choral seas
And the purple mountains loom,
It is heaven to come, with birds and bees,
To the feast of apple bloom.
For the gabled roof of home arose
O'er the sheen of the orchard snow,
And is still my shrine, when storms repose,
And the gnarly branches blow;
And the music of childhood's singing heart,
That was lost in the backward gloom,
May be heard when the robins meet and part
At the feast of apple bloom.
And I think, when the trees display a crown
Like the gleam of a resting dove,
Of a face that was framed in tresses brown
And aglow with a mother's love;
At the end of the orchard path she stands,
And I laugh at my manhood's doom
As my spirit flies with lifted hands,
To the feast of apple bloom.
When the rainbow paths of faded skies
Are restored with the diamond rain,
And the joys of my wasted paradise
Are returning to earth again,
It is sadder than death to know how brief
Are the smiles that the dead assume;
But a moment allowed, a flying leaf
From the feast of apple bloom.
Eut a golden arch forever shines
In the dim and darkening past,
Where I stand again, as day declines,
And the world is bright ana vast;
For the glory that lies along the lane
Is endeared with sweet perfume,
And the world is ours ,and we are twain
At the feast of the apple bloom.
She was more than fair in the wreath she
wore
Of the creamy buds and blows,
And she comes to me from the speechless
shore
When the flowering orchard glows;
And I sigh for the dreams, so sweet and
swift,
That are laid in a sacred tomb —
Yet are nothing at last but fragrant drift
From the feast of apple bloom.
Sam Simpson as I Knew Him.
<By FRED cA. "DUNHAM.
The living thoughts he gave the world are
living yet;
He's gone from us, yet we may not forget;
The rythmic words his willing pen outlined
In living song are round our hearts entwined.
TO attempt to limn a sketch of Sam
Simpson is to attempt that which,
were he with us today, he would
himself concede to be impossible. He
did not understand himself — how then
could others understand his complex na-
ture?
From a worldly point of view Sam
Simpson was, not a success, and had he
been asked the cause he would have un-
hesitatingly replied, "Sam Simpson."
He was conscious of his own failing's, and
allowed that consciousness to humble
his pride, kill his aggressiveness and dull
his aspirations.
His mind was a storehouse of beautiful
thoughts, and a liberal education and
much reading fitted him to express those
thoughts in significant and rythmic
words.
He was the son' of a pioneer family of
Oregon, his father being the Hon. Ben
Simpson. His life was passed amid the
beautiful scenery of Oregon, the glory
of which he has so often portrayed. He
attended the district schools of Clacka-
mas and Polk counties until the age of 15,
when, together with his brother, he was
sent to Willamette University, from which
institution he graduated in 1866 with the
degree of A. B. He then studied law,
and was admitted to the bar, practicing
his professeion for a short time very suc-
cessfully. Perhaps in the law he might
have achieved success, as the world esti-
mates it, for he was possessed of a quick
and tenacious mind, and while he was not
a brilliant orator, he had the faculty of
presenting his argument in a logical and
concise manner. His large acquaintance
with men and affairs in this state would
have insured him honor in the legal pro-
fession had he been of the slow, prod-
ding temperament necessary to the prac-
tice of law in a small community. But
such temperament was not his. Since
his college days, and even before, he had
written much that bore evidence of prac-
tical genius and literary ability. "He
therefore turned to the mere congenial
field of journalism.
That move was a dismal failure and a
brilliant success. A failure, inasmuch as
he chose the wrong location and the
wrong sphere in which to exercise his
talents. As editor and proprietor of the
Corvallis Gazette, with all the varied and
petty details incident to the duties of a
country editor, and with his tempera-
ment averse to detail, diametrically op-
posed to plodding business, he courted
failure and met the inevitable. Had he
gone to the centres of population and
sold the product of his brain he would
have reaped the wealth and fame others
less gifted than himself have garnered.
The move was a success in that it gave
to us much of the best literature, both
poetry and prose ever produced in this
state, and Oregon is the richer for his
effort. Afterwards he was engaged at
various times, as a writer on Pacific Coast
papers, and as editor for Bancroft & Co.
on their series of school readers and His-
tory of the Pacific Coast. Meanwhile he
wrote many poems of much merit, but
made no effort to obtain either financial
returns or recognition for his work.
The question may very well be asked,
why, if his work was meritorious, did he
not win the position others of talent have
won? The answer is best given perhaps
in nearly his own words. When asked
one day by the writer why he did not
publish his poetry in a volume, and strive
for the fame and incident financial' re-
ward, he answered: "I have not even a
copy of my poems. I have never written
SAM SIMPSON AS I KNEW HIM.
169
anything that satisfied me. There are so
many half-way poets deluging the world
with so-called poetry that I am disgust-
ed, and do not wish to add to the bur-
dens of the long-suffering public. I be-
lieve my sister has the most of my writ-
ings, but they shall never be published
while I am alive."
And that to a very great extent is the
secret of his apparent non-success. He
had looked into himself and was not sat-
isfied with what he saw there. That hab-
it of introspection made him cynical to
a certain degree. Not that he desired to
avenge himself upon the world, for he
was one of the gentlest men I have ever
met. but rather he sought to scourge him-
self for his own shortcomings.
Like most poets he had a horror of
writing to order. The Mexican or Span-
ish manana (tomorrow) was his answer
if asked when a promised poem would
be finished, and the tomorrow never
came.
The writer once engaged him to fur-
nish a poem for a publication on a cer-
tain date. Day after day passed, but no
poem materialized, and finaly the publi-
cation went to press without it. It was
not because he did not desire to serve
me, but simply because his muse would
not "work to order," as he explained. He
would supply me with poems unasked
and unpaid for, but could not or would
not furnish them by request. Readers of
his poetry, some of which is published in
this issue, will be struck with the grace of
his style and the power of the words used
to express his ideas. He was Oregon's
sweetest singer, and leaves a place by his
untimely death, which there is none to
fill. That he was held in high esteem
for his talents was evident by the array of
prominent jurists, journalists and
business men who followed him to the
grave ; and it is a sad thought that one so
fitted to challenge esteem could not have
been lifted to a position which his genius
deserved, while living. His name is not
written high upon the scroll of fame, yet
who shall say his life was not of value to
the world?
Phoebe.
I am not blinded to the truth;
The beauties, form and mind,
That make so fair bright Phoebe's youth,
Were net for me designed.
Yet will I linger while I may
Within her gentle sphere;
Her soul contemplate, day by day,
So tender, pure, sincere.
And when our lives are forced apart,
I still will bear with me,
Enshrined within my inmost heart,
Her sacred memory.
The bard has sweetly sung the vase
Made sweet by scents confined;
So will the perfume of her grace
Through life pervade my mind.
The constant law of life is change;
Naught may escape its power;
From passion we to passion range,
As bees from flower to flower.
No more shall we be glad in spring,
Since 'tis not always May?
Nor more grand autumn's glories sing,
Since they must pass away?
True wisdom quarrels not with heaven,
Whatever fate it send:
Thankful when life's bright joys are given-
Submissive when they end.
So' will I linger, while I may
In Phoebe's gentle sphere;
Her soul contemplate day by day,
So tender, pure, sincere.
And when our lives are forced apart,
I still will bear with me,
Enshrined within my inmost heart,
Her sacred memory.
5. E.
Art.
A Threadbare Topic.
<Sy C. E. S. WOOD.
THE politician must smile inwardly
who sees himself chronicled as an
unselfish patriot and an honest
man, and I write with a certain, pharisa-
ical feeling which is not purged by my
confession that I am a seeker of knowl-
edge in art, not an instructor. All I can
do is to give an opinion, my personal
views. I have not the time to discuss
art historically, its growth, its periods,
its schools, and I have not the requisite
exact knowledge. Nor do I believe this
precise and detailed information neces-
sary. It is the college lecturer on the de-
velopment of art who is learned in these
things. The artist himself has, as a rule,
but general ideas on the subject of art
in the past. But all the college lecturers
in the world cannot impart that which
the true artist possesses, however ignor-
ant. Art is useless except in the sense
that it makes the world more beautiful,
life more enjoyable. It is the opposite of
the practical, of the exact, of the real,
the useful.
A house without proportion, dignity
or beauty, may be as rainproof, as storm-
tight, as safe a shelter for body and mer-
chandise as, if it had the serenity of the
Parthenon, the richness of the Doge's
palace. Utility comes first; ornamenta-
tion of exterior or beauty of proportion,
last. The shelter is a necessity, the or-
namentation a luxury. But a storehouse
is not less a storehouse because of fine
proportion and beautiful line. On
the contrary, if the effort at art
be absent, if the simple builder, in
a simple unaffected way, uses his
material according to tne elemental laws
of mechanics directly to the plain and
single end of providing shelter from the
prevailing force, as sun in Africa, snow
in Norway, he will be pretty sure to do a
good thing of its kind.
It is the conscious effort to do some-
thing great without the ability to do it,
either with or without effort, that gives
the world its art nightmares in wood,
stone, paint and letters. Two things
must combine for art production — the
God-given genius and hard training.
But, after the training, must come into
every work of true art something almost
as effortless as the song of the lark.
Something for which the artist, as he
views his work, feels he, himself, is not
wholly responsible ; that vague feeling of
being the instrument of an outside pow-
er which has given rise to the word "in-
spiration" with all its attendant falsities.
Art is not only useless in the strictly
utilitarian sense, it is beyond analysis.
It is feeling, as distinguished from fact.
No matter how elusive be the truths of
light, electricity or life, still they are
fact. The most infinitesimal baccillus is a
fact as truly as an elephant.
Art or the realm of the beautiful. The
sensuous is more incapable of analysis
than morals, for morals are inseparably
linked with every day acts of the lives of
men and nations. As it is a matter of
sentiment or feeling, there can be no
such thing as analyzing art into its last
elements. Therefore there can be no rule
for writing a "King Lear" or painting a
"Last Supper," or building a Roman
Cathedral. These can be copied and
imitated, but the feeling, the soul of the
work will be inevitably left out. It
seems true that all great art will be the
spontaneous expression of the feeling of
the artist, and he, himself, will indubiat-
ably partake of, and express, the feeling
of his time. And that feeling is the per-
fume of the flower, the bloom on the
plum. It cannot be caught or repro-
duced. Though art has been, and will
be, influenced in its next step by itsjast,
that is not imitation, but development.
A people, formative as we are now,
without decided national characteris-
tics, imitative, in the monkey fash-
ion, of what has gone before,
and what the older nations are do-
cART.
171
ing today, cannot, in my opinion,
produce original art with sincere feeling.
We have skill, but skill seems to be the
death of feeling in modern art. Some of
the Frenchmen, and John S. Sargent,
the American, can paint anything on
earth. Their work is splendid in its
bravura quality, compels admiration for
its mastery of technique, but it is as soul-
less and flavorless as a wax-works show.
While here and there a dormouse like
Albert Ryder, without skill, or, scorning
it for higher things, lives like a hermit
and produces things which, if not full of
any national character, are full of the
old-time, deep personal, poetic feeling;
or, like another recluse, J. Alden Weir,
who, having abundant skill, uses it not
for itself, but as a vehicle to express the
poetry of his feelings.
So I conclude that all art is poetry,
whether the poem be a cathedral, a stat-
ue, a picture, or a song. It is the beauti-
ful, the sensuous, the aching up to heav-
en— a heaven builder of this world and
our own natures.
It is "feeling" which cannot be imitat-
ed or reproduced, but must be felt by
each poet for himself, and for his own
time. It is the beautiful, not the use-
ful, the ornamental, not the practical, and
can only 'come when the long-settled
wealth of a country has produced in the
nation a feeling for, and demand for, the
beautiful in forms most appealing to the
national sense.
When the art feeling has come to the
nation it will be seen not only in build-
ings, but in writings; not only in pic-
tures, but in velvets; not only in statues,
but in cups and jewelry.
Egypt was artistic not in one thing,
but in all things, and all at once, in the
period of. her luxury.
Greece was artistic not in sculpture
alone, but in jewels, coins, vases, stuffs,
and in practically one period — the period
of her highest luxury. So with Rome,
Italy, Venice.
When I speak of the art period coin-
ciding with the lavishly wealthy and lux-
urious period, I mean the sensuous in
art. The intellectual side, the poetry of
writings, the drama, are the fore-run-
ners. They come earlier — when the
mind is strong and habits simple. It is
the tale-telling age of childhood, and I
think the modern, introspective, analy-
tical, hyper-analytical, realistic literary
art infinitely inferior, if it be art at all;
for to my mind, as I have said, art is
poetry, and poetry is imagination, be it
the flesh and blood of Falstaff, the cloud
form of the mother of Achilles, or the
allegorical ghosts of the Faerie Oueene.
In conversation art usually means
painting. I say to produce a true art
work in paint, the painter must have
feeling and power of creation. To ap-
preciate the creation the beholder must
also, to some degree, have feeling. The
feeling cannot be given by lessons, but it
can be educated. Most of us in this
country begin as raw students. Speak-
ing for myself, I am sure I have pro-
gressed. The things I began with
ceased to satisfy me long ago. But the
growth must come of contact with good
art. It comes in by the eyes, not by the
ears. Lectures are almost useless, ex-
cept to impart information.
A truly good picture is its own sermon
— only give it time. The casts in the
library buildings are a never-ceasing
sermon on the poetry of sculpture. The
photographs now available show some-
thing of the old masters in painting. It
is a pity that exhibitions cannot be more
often given of truly good pictures.
Such exhibitions should have free days,
and the people be made to feel at home,
for I believe the awakening and cultiva-
tion of the art instinct in the workers is
important. It is this appreciation of art
in the maker and buyer which will, in my
opinion, restore individual hand labor to
its old position. The stuff made by ma-
chine in large factories, passing through
a dozen hands and called art, the work of
today, is artistically rubbish, be it of solid
gold, crusted with diamonds. To get
real feeling the individual must make
himself felt, from start to finish.
I have expressed myself to the effect
that "art" cannot be analyzed or taught,
so I shall not attempt to analyze or
teach. Go to the art works, and absorb
them. No matter how the ages differ
in their expression, from the hard, dry,
somewhat conventional work of the pre-
Raphaelites to the engine-like swing of
Velasquez — they are all at one in feeling,
172
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
feeling, feeling. It is even more in the
careful, loving, hard touches of the earli-
er ones than in the splendid mastery of
Velasquez or Rembrandt. In this sense
art is always the same — Ars longa vita
brevis est.
There is, of course, much to be had
from judicious criticism, but I am not
competent to criticize. I can only say —
and I take painting again as the most
popular art field — there must be mys-
tery, not hard, dry reality ; there must be
imagination, not mere fact. If it be a
still life of pots and pans, still there must
be mystery and imagination. There
must be beauty — even if it be the beauty
of wrinkled old age.
And if the essay be in color, there
must be a joy in the color for itself alone,
or the whole is a failure. And good color
is as subtle, as illusive of definition as
any other quality in aesthetics. It mayor
may not be bright color, usually not.
Still it may be. It never is raw, crude
color, for then it is not subtle. It is not
imitative color, for paint is not leaves of
grass, canvass is not the air and the
earth. It must be suggestive, just as the
whole picture must be suggestive rather
than photographically imitative. A
good landscape or portrait does not imi-
tate, it suggests the beauty of the view, or
the quality of the person, and it does
more. There has been put into it some-
thing of the artist's soul, something of
man himself. That is why true art work
speaks to us even more than nature her-
self, for the art work is man's soul speak-
ing to man's soul. Nature, though she
be the source of all inspiration, is herself
soulless and distant. A mere imitation
of her is neither nature nor man.
The Haunted Light.
At Newport by the See.
<By LISCHEN §M. SMILLER.
SITUATED at Yaquina, on the coast
of Oregon, is an old, deserted
lighthouse. It stands upon a prom-
ontory that juts out dividing the bay
from the ocean, and is exposed to every
wind that blows. ' Its weather-beaten
walls are wrapped in mystery. Of an af-
ternoon when the fog comes drifting in
from the sea and completely envelopes
the lighthouse, and then stops in its
course as if its object had been attained,
it is the loneliest place in the world. At
such times those who chance to be in the
vicinity hear a moaning sound like the
cry of one in pain, and sometimes a fren-
zied call for help pierces the death-like
stillness of the waning day. Far out at
sea, ships passing in the night are often
guided in their course by a light that
gleams from the lantern tower where no
lamp is ever trimmed.
* * *
In the days when Newport was but a
handful of cabins, roughly built, and
flanked by an Indian camp, across the
bar there sailed a sloop, grotesquely rig-
ged and without a name. The arrival of
. a vessel was a rare event, and by the
time the stranger had dropped anchor
abreast the village the whole population
were gathered on the strip of sandy
beach to welcome her. She was manned
by a swarthy crew, and her skipper was
a beetle-browed ruffian with a scar across
his cheek from mouth to ear. A boat was
lowered, and in it a man about 40 years
of age, accompanied by a young girl,
were rowed ashore. The man was tall
and dark, and his manner and speech in-
dicated gentle breeding. He explained
that the sloop's water casks were empty,
and was directed to the spring that
poured down the face of the yellow
sandstone cliff a few yards up the beach.
Issuing instructions in some heathenish,
unfamiliar tongue to the boatmen, he de-
THE HAUNTED LIGHT.
173
voted himself to asking and answering
questions. The sloop was bound down
the coast to Coos Bay. She had encoun-
tered rough weather off the Columbia
river bar, and had been driven far out of
her course. To the young lady, his
daughter, the voyage proved most try-
ing She was not a good sailor. If, there-
fore, accommodations could be secured,
he wished to leave her ashore until the
return of the sloop a fortnight later.
The landlady of the " " had a
room to spare, and by the time the water
casks were filled, arrangements had been
completed which resulted in the transfer
of the fair traveler's luggage from the
sloop to the "hotel." The father bade his
daughter an affectionate adieu, and was
rowed back to the vessel, which at once
weighed anchor and sailed away in the
golden dusk of the summer evening.
Muriel, that was the name she gave,
Muriel Trevenard, was a delicate-look-
ing, fair-haired girl still in her teens, very
sweet and sunny-tempered. She seemed
to take kindly to her new environment,
accepting its rude inconveniences as a
matter of course, though all her own be-
longings testified to the fact that she was
accustomed to the refinements and even
luxuries of civilization. She spent many
hours each day idling with a sketch block
and pencil in that grassy hollow in the
hill, seaward from the town, or strolled
upon the beach or over the wind-swept
uplands. The fortnight lengthened to a
month and yet no sign of the sloop, or
any sail rose above the horizon to south-
ward.
"You've no cause to worry,"' said the
landlady. "Your father's safe enough.
No rough weather since he sailed, and as
for time — a ship's time is as uncertain ass
a woman's temper, I've heard my own
father say."
"Oh I am not anxious," replied Mu-
riel, "not in the least."
It was in August that a party of pleas-
ure-seekers came over the Coast Range
and pitched their tents in the grassy
hollow. They were a merry company,
and they were not long in discovering
Muriel.
"Such a pretty girl," exclaimed Cora
May, who was herself so fair that she
could afford to be generous. "I am sure
she does not belong to anybody about
here. We must coax her to come to our
camp."
But the girl needed little coaxing. She
found these light-hearted young people
a pleasant interruption, and she was en-
thusiastically welcomed by all, young
and old alike. She joined them in their
ceaseless excursions, and made one of
the group that gathered nightly around
the camp fire. There was one, a rather
serious-minded youth, who speedily con-
stituted himself her cavalier. He was al-
ways at hand to help her into the boat,
to bait her hook when they went fishing,
and to carry her shawl, or book or sketch
block, and she accepted these attentions
as she seemed to accept all else, naturally
and sweetly.
The Cape Foulweather light had just
been completed, and the house upon the
bluff above Newport was deserted. Some
member of the camping party proposed
one Sunday afternoon that they pay it a
visit.
"We have seen everything else tnere
is to see," remarked Cora May.
"It is just an ordinary house with a
lantern on top," objected Muriel. "You
can get a good view of it from the bay.
Besides it is probably locked up."
"Somebody has the key. We can soon
find out who," said Harold Welch. "And
we haven't anything else to do."
Accordingly they set out in a body to
find the key. It was in the possession of
the landlady's husband who had been ap-
pointed to look after the premises. He
said he had not been up there lately, and
seemed surprised after a mild fashion
that anyone should feel an interest in an
empty house, but he directed them how
to reach it.
"You go up that trail to the top of the
hill and you'll strike the road, but you
won't find anything worth seeing after
you get there. It ain't anywhere like the
new light."
With much merry talk and laughter
they climbed the hill and found the road,
a smooth and narrow avenue overshad-
owed by dark young pines, winding
along the hill-top to the rear of the
house.
174
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
It stood in a small enclosure bare of
veg-etation. The sand was piled in little
wind-swept heaps against the board
fence. There was a walk paved with
brick, leading from the gate around to
the front where two or three steps went
up to a square porch with seats on either
side. Harold Welch unlocked the door,
and they went into the empty hall that
echoed dismally to the sound of human
voices. Rooms opened from this hall-
way on either hand and in the L at the
back were the kitchen, storerooms and
pantry, a door that gave egress to a nar-
row veranda, and another shutting off
the cellar. At the rear of the hall the
stairs led up to the second floor which
was divided like the first into plain,
square rooms. But tne stairway went on,
winding up to a small landing where a
window looked out to northward, and
from which a little room, evidently a
linen closet, opened opposite the win-
dow. There was nothing extraordinary
about this closet at the first glance. It
was well furnished with shelves and
drawers, and its only unoccupied wall
space was finished with a simple wains-
coting.
"Why," cried one, as they crowded the
landing and overflowed into the closet,
"this house seems to be falling to
pieces." He pulled at a section of the
wainscote and it came away in his hand.
"Hello! what's this? Iron walls?"
"It's hollow," said another, tapping
the smooth black surface disclosed by the
removal of the panel.
"So it is," cried the first speaker. "I
wonder what's behind it? Why it
opens!" It was a heavy piece of sheet
iron about three feet square. He moved
it to one side, set it against the wall, am;.
peered into the aperture.
"How mysterious!" exclaimed Muriel,
leaning forward to look into the dark
closet, whose height and depth exactly
corresponded to the dimensions of the
panel. It went straight back some six or
eight feet and then dropped abruptly in-
to what seemed a soundless well. One,
more curious than the rest, crawled in
and threw down lighted bits of paper.
"It goes to the bottom of the sea," he
declared, as he backed out and brushed
the dust from his clothes. "Who knows
what it is, or why it was built?"
"Smugglers," suggested somebody
and they all laughed, though there was
nothing particularly humorous in the re-
mark. But they were strangely nervous
and excited. There was something un-
canny in the atmosphere of this deserted
dwelling that oppressed them with an
unaccountable sense of dread. They hur-
ried out leaving the dark closet open^
and climbed up into the lantern tower
where no lamp has been lighted these
many years.
The afternoon, which had been flooded
with sunshine, was waning in a mist that
swept in from the sea and muffled the
world in dull grey.
"Let us go home," cried Cora May.
"If it were clear we might see almost to
China from this tower, but the fog makes
me lonesome."
So they clambered down the iron lad-
der and descending the stairs, passed out
through the lower hall into the grey fog.
Harold Welch stopped to lock the door,
and Muriel waited for him at the foot of
the steps. The lock was rusty, and he
had trouble with the key. By the time he
joined her, the rest of the party had dis-
appeared around the house.
"You are kind to wait for me," said he,
as they caught step on the brick pave-
ment and moved forward. But Muriel
laid her hand upon his arm.
"I must go back," she said. "I — I —
dropped my handkercnief in — the — hall
upstairs, I must go back and get it."
They remounted the steps, and Welch
unlocked the door and let her pass in.
But when he would have followed, she
stopped him imperiously.
"I am going alone," she said. "You
are not to wait. Lock the door and go
on. I will come out through the kitch-
en." He objected, but she was obstinate,
and. perhaps because her lightest wish
was beginning to be his law of life, he re-
luctantly obeyed her. Again the key
hung in the lock. This time it took him
several minutes to release it When he
reached the rear of the house Muriel was
nowhere to be seen. He called her two
or three times and waited, but, receiving
no reply, concluded that she had hurried
THE HAUNTED LIGHT.
175
out and joined the rest whose voices
came back to him from the avenue of
pines. She had been nervous and irrita-
ble all the afternoon, so unlike herself
that he had wondered more than once if
she were ill, or weary of his close attend-
ance. It occurred to him now that pos-
sibly she had taken this means to rid her-
self of his company. He hurried on, for
it was growing cold and the fog was
thickening to a rain. He had just caught
up with the stragglers of the party, and
they were beginning to chafe him at be-
ing alone, when the sombre stillness of
the darkening day was rent by a shriek
so wild and wierd that they who heard it
felt the blood freeze suddenly in their
veins. They shrank involuntarily closer
and looked at each other with blanched
cheeks and startled eyes. Before anyone
found voice it came again. This time it
was a cry for help, thrice repeated in
quick succession.
"Muriel! Where is Muriel?" demand-
ed Welch, his heart leaping in sudden
fear.
"Why you ought to know," cried Cora
May. "We left her with you."
They hurried toward the deserted
house.
"She went back to get her handker-
chief," explained Welch. "She told me
not to wait, and I locked the door and
came on."
"Locked her in that horrid place! Why
did you do it?" exclaimed Cora, indig-
nantly.
"She said she would come out by way
of the kitchen," replied he.
"She could not. The door is locked,
and the key is broken off in the lock,"
said another. "I noticed it when we
were rummaging around in there."
They began to call encouragingly,
""Muriel, we are coming. Don't be
(The
afraid." But they got no reply.
"Oh let us hurry," urged Cora, "per-
haps she has fainted with fright."
In a very few minutes they were pour-
ing into the house and looking and call-
ing through the lower rooms. Then up
stairs, and there, upon the floor in the
upper chamber, where the grey light
came in through the uncurtained win-
dows, they found a pool of warm, red
blood. There were blood drops in the
hall and on the stairs that led up to the
landing, and in the linen closet they
picked up a blood-stained handkerchief.
But there was nothing else. The iron
door had been replaced, and the panel in
the wainscote closed, and try as they
might, they could not open it. They were
confronted by an apparent tragedy, ap-
palled by a fearful mystery, and they
could do nothing, nothing. They return-
ed to the village and gave the alarm, and
re-enforced, came back and renewed the
hopeless search with lanterns. They ran-
sacked the house again and again from
tower to cellar. They scoured the hills
in the vain delusion that she might have
escaped from the house and wandered
off in the fog. But they found nothing,
nor ever did, save the blood drops on the
stairs and the little handKerchief.
"It will be a dreadful blow to her fath-
er," remarked the landlady of the "
," "I don't want to be the one to
break it to him." And she had her wish,
for the sloop nor any of its crew ever
again sailed into Yaquina bay. As time
went by, the story was forgotten by all
but those who joined in that weary search
for the missing girl. But to this day it is
said the blood-stains are dark upon the
floor in that upper chamber. And one
there was who carried the little handker-
chief next to his heart till the hour of his
own tragic death,
end.)
So flows my love along your life, O friend—
A whispered song, witn neither break nor
end,
Albeit you listen not, are not aware
Of any music throbbing on the air,
Still my full heart goes singing to you there,
Content, content, if heaven but grant this
meed,
Th?.t you may drink in any hour of need.
—Grace Denio Litchfield in July Century.
Realism in literature has met with a
decided and deserved rebuff in the action
of the Cosmopolitan regarding- the pub-
lication of Tolstoy's novel, "The Awak-
ening." The realism of Tolstoy, Zola,
Thomas Hardy and others produces an
effect more disastrous in its consequences
than all the sensational trash that was
ever written, because it is read by
thoughtful, serious-minded people. And
no thoughtful person can read the books
these men write, and escape an attack of
mental depression. Tolstoy, particularly,
has the effect of robbing the reader of
hope and filling his spiritual sky with
pitch-like gloom. Realists who write
with the pen of genius, are hurtful be-
cause of their power. Their characters
and scenes are not mere phantoms of the
brain, but vivid, living, real. It is im-
possible to escape the influence they ex-
ert, and that influence is hurtful because
it depresses. There is so much sorrow
and wickedness in the world that there is
no excuse for putting it in print.
It is undeniably true that the blacker
the devil is painted, the more fascinating
he appears, and though these great real-
ists write their revolting novels from the
loftiest motives and with the purest in-
tentions, they make the mistake of try-
ing to elevate moral standards by de-
picting immorality, to make the world
fall in love with virtue by introducing it
to vice. If Count Tolstoy would go* a
step further in the practice of his doc-
trine of non-resistence of evil and ignore
the existence of evil itself, he would find
his work for humanity more effective. As
it is, the evil he pictures counteracts the
good he preaches.
The more one studies the misunder-
standing between Canada and the United
States in regard to the Alaska boundary,
the less justice he finds in the claims that
Canada has advanced. The original in-
tent of the treatv which fixed the bound-
ary line that has served for nearly half a
century is so palpably clear that any ex-
ception to it must be based on ulterior
motives. It is evident, indeed, that Can-
ada wants a harbor for the outlet of
Klondike gold, and perhaps she thought
that this method of getting one was
about as good as any other. It is, at
least, characteristically English. The
United States cannot, of course, under-
take to arbitrate such a question. We
might, with equal justice, claim Vancou-
ver or any other part of British Colum-
bia, and ask Canada to arbitrate the mat-
ter. Such a proposition would appear no
more preposterous to her than the sug-
gestion of arbitrating the Alaska bound-
ary dispute does to us. If Canada wants
a harbor very badly, let her borrow, lease
or buy one, but not try the old English
methods on her brother Jonathan.
Charles Dudley Warner, once upon a
time, wrote a short, but brilliant essay
upon the fascination which the ugly has
for human kind, and took some pains to
prove that if you look once with atten-
tion at an object that is devoid of grace
and beauty — that is positively ugly in
fact — you want to- look again, and will
go out of your way to do so. Realists
and reformers would do well to bear this
in mind, and, instead of exhibiting the
evil to be avoided, hold up to view the
good to be attained.
"I wish," remarked the nature-lover to
his friend, "that you could live as I do,
out from the town, yet near enough to
have the semi-domesticated birds, mead-
ow larks, robins, etc., fairly swarm about
you. Every day at five in the morning, a
"flock of a thousand or more reed-black-
birds spend an hour in the meadows. At
night they give us a parting concert from
a fir, one hundred and fifty feet in height,
OUR POINT OF VIEW.
177
and its branches become vibrant with
song like the tinkling of ten thousand lit-
tle silver bells."
* » *
The attention of the readers of The
Pacific Monthly is called to the fact that
manuscript is solicited from the public at
large for the department, "Questions of
the Day." The publishers believe that a
free discussion of the great questions be-
fore the people today cannot but be pro-
ductive of much good. We hope, there-
fore, that the response to this call will be
a liberal one.
AAA
Andrew Carnegie suggests that it
would be a good thing for international
sport if the "America's" cup were car-
ried off by the "Shamrock" this fall —
which is quite likely to happen, consid-
ering the marked improvement that the
"Shamrock" has shown over the "Bri-
tannia." Both the "Columbia" and
"Shamrock" are the highest possible
types of a racing yacht, and are so very
nearly alike that whatever superiority is
shown must be the result of seamanship
rather than of design. Doubtless it will
stimulate American ingenuity to a great
extent if the "Shamrock" is successful,
and England would not be permitted to
keep the prize long. Yet we will not, as
Carnegie says, shed tears should we suc-
ceed in retaining it this year.
A A A
The tendency today in every school
and college in America and Europe is
toward universal brotherhood, al Chris-
tian recognition of the rights of man, be
he black or white or copper-colored.
Education means more than it meant a
century ago. Letters do not count for
less, but humanity counts for more. It is
no longer man, the individual, but man,
the race, that is being educated, and the
average student considers the social con-
ditions of today, and of the future, of
far greater importance than the classics
or the chronicles of dead kings. The
spirit of socialism which, in its highest
interpretation, is the Spirit of Christ, is
gaining in strength and prevalence in
our univerisiiies, and the result of tins
educated socialism must be happier con-
ditions for the human race. Th-
thoughtful student is pessimistic only up
to a certain point. His trained vision sees
beyond this point the realization of his
dreams for the social advancement of
his kind. He is a dreamer who has learn-
ed the s-ccrc' 01 "dieamim; true."
Daybreak in Oregon.
Each mountain peak takes up the glistn'ing sun.
As breaking day, from out the red'ning east,
Swift heralds forth, "Take heed, the day's begun!
All nature bids yon to a scenic feast!"
Willamette's winding thread of silver bright,
More grandeur lends Columbia's broad expanse,
While verdant hills uprising left and right,
Form pleasing pictures to the eye entrance.
St. Helens stands in robes of purest white,
And smiling glance/3 back the strength'ning sun
To nood, whose peaks take up the rosy light,
And glorious gives the day to Oregon.
Fred cA. Dunham.
IN POLITICS—
The "Round Robin" of the newspaper
correspondents at Manila, protesting
against the strict press censorship, has
been the cause of considerable comment.
Criticism of the administration by Eng-
lish papers has been very severe. The
St. James's Gazette says:
"The great American people has been
hoodwinked by its general and its adminis-
tration, who have kept up a series of sup-
pressions of truth and suggestions of the
false, of Russian ingenuity and thorough-
ness."
According to the latest newspaper re-
ports the "Round Robin" will be ig-
nored.
A
The latest suggestion in the Alaska
boundary dispute, and a possible way
out of the difficulty, is for Canada to
lease a harbor from the United States in
the disputed territory. The Canadian
papers point out, however, that should
this compromise be effected it would pre-
vent Canada from making any claim in
the future for territorial right. For this
reason the suggestion is meeting with
considerable opposition in Canada,
though English papers approve of the
scheme.
*
Admiral Dewey is reported to have
said in an interview that our next war
will be with Germany. Secretary Long,
of the Navy Department, discredits the
interview.
*
"The administration has given us a strik-
ing example of how well the affairs of the
army can be run if politics are left out of
consideration. The list rtf regular officers
thus far selected as field officers of the new
volunteer regiments is one thai does unlim-
ited credit to the war department, and to
the army."— New York Evening Post.
Secretary Alger tendered his resigna-
tion of the war department portfolio on
Tuly 19, and Elihu Root, of New York,
was soon after appointed in his stead.
The consolidation of many of the larg-
est railway systems in the country into
one concern with its head in New York
is looked upon by many newspapers as
an indication that government ownership
is only a question of time. It is pointed
out that it would be an intolerable state
of affairs when one man could lay down
"arbitrary and unequal rates which no-
body could appeal from and the ultimate
aim of all of which would be to increase
his own wealth and power."
*
The Chicago Times-Herald, which the
Literary Digest calls "one of the most
uncompromising republican papers in the
country," goes out of its way to pay a
tribute to Bryan. Among other things
it says:
"Mr. Bryan has character, sincerity, a
winning personality, intellectual brilliancy,
eloquence, and the elements are so mixed in
him as to produce the best possible effect."
The Atlanta Constitution says it feels
"no hesitancy in saying equally as much
for the personal character and qualifica-
tions of Mr. McKinley." It seems al-
most a settled fact now that McKinley
and Bryan will be pitted against each
other again, and judging from the above
exchange of courtesies perhaps it will be
a campaign of bouquets.
The Peace Conference at The Hague
is about to adjourn after having accom-
plished little or nothing.
That hardly any nation, certainly none of
the great powers, is willing to bind itself,
is shown by the press everywhere. In Eng-
land even Mr. Stead, of the Review of Re-
views, who is considered the peace apostle
par excellence, claims that England must
have a fleet strong enough to overcome with
reasonable certainty the two next strongest
powers. But the English profess to be in-
dignant that Germany refuses to tamper
with her military organization. The Ger-
mans, on the other hand point to the his-
torical fact that they, of all nations, always
had their fields trodden by invading armies
until they became strong enough to defend
themselves. — Literary Digest.
THE MONTH.
179
IN SCIENCE—
In the preliminary races that have been
held to date between the "Shamrock,"
the cup challenger, and "The Britannia,"
the former has shown an undoubted su-
periority over the latter, and in the opin-
ion of those best competent to judge, the
"Shamrock" will prove the most dan-
gerous competitor that England has as
yet sent over. "Columbia" has proven
herself faster than the "Defender," but
the improvement was not as great as had
been expected.
The International Tuberculosis Con-
gress, which was held in Berlin in June,
is characterized as one of the most note-
worthy gatherings of medical men in the
world's history. The British Medical
Journal says:
"There is no doubt that the congress has
been a great success. If it has added noth-
ing new to science, it has gone far to popu-
larize much good work that science has al-
ready accomplished, and will appreciably
strengthen the practical efforts now being
made by the civilized states in Europe to
combat on rational and comprehensive
lines one of the greatest maladies which hu-
manity has had to endure."
The Holland submarine boat, which is
no longer regarded as an experiment, has
lately been rebuilt and fitted with tor-
pedoes. It is now in condition for ac-
tive service. An appropriation of $350,-
000,00 has been made by Congress for
the purpose of constructing two more
vessels of the Holland type.
It is reported that the New York Cen-
tral Railroad will construct a train of
cars that will be entirely different in ap-
pearance from anything in use today.
The new cars will be so made as to offer
the least air resistance possible, and in
order to accomplish this, the sides will
extend nearly to the track. There will be
no platform visible. The inventor, whose
experiment with the bicycle recently at-
tracted so much attention, says that the
train will be able to attain a speed of over
100 miles an hour with as much ease as
a speed of 60 miles is obtained under
present conditions.
IN LITERATURE—
Harry Thurston Peck's opinion of
"The Fowler" is not altogether favora-
ble. In the first place he objects to the
character of Bevan as inconsistent with
the influence he is made to exert upon
the heroine and all other mentally sus-
ceptible young women with whom he
comes in psychological contact. Bevan,
he insists, is the sort of a person who
would bore any girl of ordinary sense to
the point of extinction, but it is just pos-
sible the Mr. Harry Thurston Peck does
not know women quite as thoroughly
does Miss Harraden herself. In the sec-
ond place he gives it as his conclusive
opinion that Beatrice Harraden's literary
career began and ended with "Ships that
Pass in the Night."
The paragraphers and critics have
about given over trying to compare Kip-
ling's work to Brete Harte's. Perhaps it
requires too much mental exertion for
August weather. But Bernhardt's "Ham-
let" still supplies the journals and maga-
zines with copy of an entertaining na-
ture. Bernhardt and Hamlet! an inex-
hautible combination! two of the most
Sphinx-like characters ever presented
before the footlights. No wonder the
world looks on in satisfied amazement.
Professor Edwin Markham's "Man
with the Hoe" shows no falling-off in
the degree of its popularity. It continues
to be discussed, criticised, praised and
parodied, and the star of its author is
still in the ascendent.
"Kipling's case against the Putnam's"
as he states it to the English public is a
direct compliment to his readers in
America.
IN EDUCATION—
The Willamette Assembly at Glad-
stone Park, Oregon City, in six
years, made a distinct impression on the
Pacific coast.- This is due not only to
the fact that it is the largest of the coast
educational summer assemblies, but also
to the verve and enterprise that has
180
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
marked it from the beginning1. Without
a dollar a beautiful park was secured for
fifty years. By sale of prospective privi-
leges a large auditorium arose in
a week, the last hammer-strokes re-
sounding under the green trees and elec-
tric lights at midnight. Names famous
on two continents have consecrated its
platform. Art, oratory, song, recreation,
have made a chosen home of Gladstone
Park.
IN RELIGIOUS THOUGHT—
The decline of Presbyterianism in the
city of Xew York is exciting earnest dis-
cussion just now. Many eminent Pres-
byterians admit the decline, but no two of
them seem inclined to agree as to the
cause. Rev. Dr. P. F. Mullally, a mem-
ber of the New York Presbytery, thinks
it is due to a lack of real, of living faith,
and prescribes "Calvanism in our pulpits
and in our heads and hearts." Another
well known Presbyterian says Dr. Mul-
lally is wrong; that it is Christ, not Cal-
vanism, that is needed in the church and
everywhere else.
*
It is very generally conceded that Car-
dinal Vaughn's speech at the banquet of
the American Society in London, was an
important utterance and indicative of a
"great change in the relations of repub-
lican government and the Roman Cath-
olic church.
*
The Old South Church in Boston has
formally set aside the Westminser Con-
fession of Faith, substituting the follow-
ing as a test of admission of member-
ship: "Do you now, in the presence of
God and his Holy Angels and this assem-
bly, solemnly profess to give up yourself
to God the Father, as your chief good;
to the Son of God as your Mediator,
Head, and Lord, relying on Him as the
Prophet, Priest and King of your Salva-
tion ; to the Holy Spirit of God as your
Sanctifier, God and Comforter, to be a
temple for Him to dwell in. You pro-
fess to give up yourself to this one God,
who is the Father and the Son, and the
Holy Ghost, in an everlasting covenant,
to love obev and serve Him forever."
*
The sermon delivered by Dr. Charles
L. Thompson, secretary of the Home
Board of Missions on the occasion of the
dedication of the First Presbyterian
Church, in Portland, Oregon, was indi-
cative of the growth of the new religion
— the religion of light and beauty which
is, after all, but the flowering of the old.
LEADING EVENTS—
June 22 — The Cruiser Olympia, with Ad-
miral Dewey on board, reaches Colombo,
Ceylon.
June 23 — The Filipinos reject American
terms of peace.
June 24 — At The Hague Queen Wilhelmina
receives the president of the peace confer-
ence, M. de Staal.
June 25 — Major-General Miles advises the
dispatch of re-inforcements to General Otis.
June 26 — In Paris the French parliament
supports the new cabinet
June 27 — In Manila General Otis orders
closed ports opened to trade.
June 28 — The administration decides to in-
crease the army.
June 29 — At New London, Connecticut,
Harvard wins in the boat races against
Yale.
June 30 — The United States cruiser which
is Rear-Admiral Howison's flagship arrives
in Delagoa Bay.
July 1 — Dreyfus arrives at Rennes, in
France.
July 4 — Is enthusiastically celebrated in
Ponce, Porto Rico, and in Havana, Cuba.
July 5 — National Editorial Association
meets in Portland, Oregon.
July 6 — Filipinos express themselves eager
for peace.
July 7 — Alger denies his alliance with Pin-
gree.
July 8 — Governor Roosvrvelt visits the
President.
July 9 — Unrestricted coinage, with gold as
standard, is announced in India.
July 10 — The President appoints officers
to the new volunteer regiments. — The Unit-
ed States refuses to arbitrate the claims of
the Austrian government for damages aris-
ing from the death of Austrian subjects in
the Hazelton riots of 1897.
July 11 — The President issues an order ex-
tending the protection of +he American flag
to vessels owned by residents of Porto Rico
and the Philippines. — The governor of
Queensland, S. A., offers the British govern-
ment a force for service in case of war with
the Transvaal.
July 12— General Wood quarantines the
city of Santiago.
July 13 — The Spanish cabinet accepts trie
Queen Regent's offer of 2,000,000 pesetas for
the civil list.
July 14— The anniversary of the fall of
the Bastile is celebratetd in Paris.
July 15— W. K. Vanderbilt denies the re-
THE SMONTH.
181
port that a through railroad line is contem-
plated from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
July 16 — The employees of the Brooklyn
street railways strike.
July 17 — The Mazamas ascend and christ-
en Mount Sahale.
July 18 — The London press denounces the
management of Alger and Otis of the cam-
paign in t'^e Philippines.
July 19 — Alger resigns.
July 20 — Bryan addresses an audience of
4000 people in Chicago in behalf of silver.
July 21 — General Beebe reviews the Ore-
gon Volunteers at the Presidio, San Fran-
cisco.— General Shatter lectures before the
Chautauqua in Ashland, Oregon. — Blihu
Root is appointed secretary of war.
July 22 — Root accepts.
July 23. — The National Democratic com-
mittee in Chicago declares in favor of Bryan.
July 24 — Admiral Dewey accepts the invi-
tation of the Mayor of New YorV. to become
the city's guest upon arrival there.
July 25 — The President expresses himself
in favor of General Otis.
The Servant Question.
When presumably capable women give
up housekeeping and betake themselves
to boarding because they cannot get
servants or manage them; when mis-
tresses are palpably afraid of their cooks,
and unable to prevent waste and even
dishonesty in the kitchens which they
hesitate to enter, although they are their
own; when half the references given are
not truthful, or at least misleading; when
intelligence offices are the last places
where an intelligent woman expects to
get satisfactory servants; when wages
grow higher while work grows ever
mere grudging and careless, and when
six months is the average limit of a ser-
vant's stay in one household, so that an
"old family servant" is practically as ob-
solete as the mastodon — when all these
signs show an utterly disorganized state
of affairs in woman's especial realm, it
certainly does appeal to one's sense, of
humor to hear the suffragists assert that
the feminine vote would straighten out
all the perpexities into which man's ina-
bility to cope with governmental prob-
lems has plunged the nation!
If a woman cannot rule one servant, or
two, or ten, how can she wisely rule a
city? If she cannot formulate with her
sisterhood of mistresses a working sys-
tem of graded wages and reliable refer-
ences, and reform present conditions in
the kitchens of America, how is she go-
ing to reform the public service? If this
one question overwhelms her so that she
sometimes breaks down with nervous ex-
haustion, how is she going to lift all
man's burdens and smooth the nation's
pathwav? Since the earliest syllable of
recorded time she has been struggling
with servants, and the nineteenth century
finds her helpless.
There are only two alternatives —
either the servant question is bigger than
any question which man grapples with,
or woman is less fitted to grapple with
difficult questions than man. I hardly
think that even the most daring suf-
fragist would choose the first of these as
a tenet of faith ; yet the other horn of the
dilemma certainly is not calculated to
convince America that equal suffrage is,
as its supporters claim, the solution of all
problems and the remedy for all ills. —
Harper's Bazar.
* * *
Attending to Each Other's Faults.
A Quaker coming to town with his
team was laid hold of and taken before a
justice, for riding on the shafts of his
cart, and fined forty shillings. The
Quaker, without hesitation, threw down
two guineas, when the justice offered him
two shillings change. "Ay," says the
Quaker, "but thou hast been to so much
trouble, thee mayst keep the two shillings
to thyself; only thou write it down on a
bit of paper for my satisfaction;" which
the justice accordingly did, and gave a
receipt for two guineas, but not upon
stamped paper. The Quaker immediate-
ly went to a neighbor justice, showed
him the receipt, told him he had just tak-
en it, and asked if it was according to
law? "No," said the justice, "it should
have been stamped." On this the justice
who levied the fine was brought before
the quorum, and fined the penalty of five
pounds.
THE MALADY OF THE CENTURY
BY MAX NORDEAU.
F. TENNYSON NEELY, PUBLISHER,
NEW YORK.
Those who have been unfortunate
enough to read the "Comedy of Senti-
ment" will at once recognize the hero of
that degenerate novel in the character of
the irreproachable and incorruptible
young student who becomes the unwill-
ing victim of a woman's wiles in this
"Malady of the Century." The convic-
tion forces itself upon the reader that the
author and the highly moral and im-
posed-upon young doctor of philosophy
are, in both instances, one and the same
person. After a careful perusal of the
book just issued it is difficult to deter-
mine what it is that Max Nordau re-
gards as the "Malady of the Century."
There are so many moral diseases men-
tioned in detail that it leaves one in doubt
as to which in his mind is the most prev-
alent and deadly. However, it would not
be fair to human nature to judge it by
the standards of the author of "Degen-
eration." If that strongly biased writer
could for once turn his face to the light
and get a wholesome view of life, he
would doubtless be astonished to find
that he had all these years been pursuing
distorted shadows which he has mistaken
for real substances.
THE VICTORY OF THE WILL
BY VICTOR CHARBONNEL.
LITTLE, BROWN & COMPANY,
PUBLISHERS, BOSTON.
Just how much is lost of Victor Char-
bonnel's work in Emily Whitney's trans-
lation is not easy to determine, but
enough remains to stamp it one of the
most interesting as well as one of the
most helpful books of the year. Char-
bonnel frankly acknowledges to the in-
fluence of Maeterlinck which dominates
his own philosophy, and in the preface
Lilian Whiting shows the impression
which Trine has left upon her mind. The
beautiful thing about Charbonnel, how-
ever, is his evident sincerity. He has the
power, too, of suggesting noble thoughts,
of inspiring lofty aspirations and high
ideals, and his methods are so simple, so
direct and so perfectly natural that the
book makes a lasting impression upon
the reader. It is what most psycho-philo-
sophical works are not, eminently prac-
tical. The author shows you the light
upon the height and then says in effect — :
see how easy the ascent — how fragrant
and flower-set the path, and how the
golden sunbeans broaden down the leafy
avenue. Will you continue to stumble
along the barren steeps, wearing out
your strength in fruitless endeavor, when
this road lies so plain before you, so
pleasantly winding and so fair? And if
you are Wise you wait for no second in-
vitation. Once you set foot upon that
beauty-bordered highway, you never
turn aside, but mount by happy stages
through time to eternity.
KING OR KNAVE,
AN OLD TALE OF HUGUENOT DAYS.
LITTLE, BROWN & COMPANY,
PUBLISHERS, BOSTON.
This is a story of "Henry, the Lover,"
not Henry the Great, the one king of
France "who lives in the memory of the
people." And "Henry the Lover" is not
an admirable character by any means, for
constancy was a word that had no place
in his vocabulary. It is true that one
must respect the manner of his wooing.
The persistence, the daring, and the
fervor of his love-making left little to be
desired. But alas it was all one to him
whether he was beseiging the affections
of the lady of the castle or the scullery
maid in the kitchen.
& & &
The address of Honorable John Bar-
rett, late minister of the United States to
Siam, delivered before the New York
Chamber of Commerce, is of peculiar in-
terest to the people of the Pacific Coast,
bearing, as it does, directly upon the
"BOOKS.
183
commercial relations of this part of the
world with the Orient.
While the Western reader may not al-
ways be willing to endorse his ideas on
expansion, there are few west of the
Rocky mountains who will disagree with
him when he declares, "The Nicaraugua
Canal should be built without further de-
lay." The following is too evident to be
denied, and it expresses much in a little:
"The Pacific Coast has vast interests at
stake in the delevopment of the com-
merce and trade of the Pacific and Far
East. Upon such development depends
largely the future prosperity of Califor-
nia, Oregon and Washington, three pow-
erful young giants of Statehood, whose
wonderful growth and splendid possibili-
ties must appeal to you all."
Mr. Barrett's return to Oregon is an
expected event of the month. He has
been accorded the highest possible honor
and respect not only in the Far East but
in England as well, anu it has been said
of him that he was the "most popular
man in all Asia."
■© -S- -^
"Ruskin, Rossetti, Pre-Raphaelitism,"
is a book that will delight all worshipers
at shrine of Art. Dante Gabriel Ros-
setti, poet and painter, is another Shelley
for strange, elusive loveliness of char-
acter, for erratic genius and spiritual at-
traction. Glorified by a touch of that
divine fire which bodily pain and biting
poverty are alike powerless to dim, he
strikes across the hard glare of modern
materialism a radiant white spirit, pure
as a moonbeam and imperishable as time.
*
*
One of the strongest books of the
year is Sudermann's "Sins of the Fath-
ers." The most remarkable feature of
this very remarkable novel is its limita-
tions as to time, place, and dramatis per-
sonae. It is a profound study and an
exposition of human nature, — a dissec-
tion of character, a growth, a develop-
ment, a tragedy, a wonderful piece of
German realism that strangely enough
shows the author to be susceptible to the
influence of the beautiful. Not even
Sienkiewitz in "Quo Vadis" has given
to the world a more powerful piece of
work than this.
The Dead Past.
The past, oh the past that in vagueness is shrouded,
And is sweet with the incense of love and of +ears,
That is laid in its casket, a heart that is tender,
And guarded by thoughts of the dear faded years.
The touch of the night breeze, a star and a whisper,
A half-repressed sigh, an eye that is bright;
A heart touching heart o'er the cords of a passion
That mingles with gladness the shades of the night.
The parting of ways when the morning seemed brightest,
The long weary watch and the silence of years,
The blood sacrifice of a heart that is breaking,
The meeting with smiles a world and its sneers.
Josephine Peabody.
CONDUCTED BY CATHARINE COGSWELL.
A well-known woman's club in New
York entertained the author of the
"Christian" during his visit to the me-
tropolis last winter. The sole represen-
tative of his sex in the company of two
or three hundred women, the little Manx-
man showed no perturbation, nor, it
must be confessed, exhileration.
It was more in the character of a play-
wright than as a man of letters
that he was regarded on this occa-
sion. Probably no theatrical ven-
ture ever excited more comment
or received more unstinted praise and
more vituperative blame than this same
"Christian," and it was in the light of
its reflected glory that the arrival of the
guest of the afternoon, Mr. Hall Caine,
was awaited with interest and curiosity.
There was a decided flutter of feathers
and flowers and a rustling of silken drap-
eries as he appeared in the doorway. He
stood flanked by female loveliness, an
undersized edition of a man, with a tri-
angular shaped face, a broad brow, dot-
ted beneath with dark grey eyes, a
nose of no consequence, but a tender,
mystic mouth, half veiled by a mustache,
and pointed chin accentuated by a Van
Dyke beard of more than auburn hue.
His rather scanty hair was brushed
straight back from his face. None of Mr.
Caine's photographs give the correct
idea. In nearly every case he appears
either massive or distictly brunette and
in some instances both, whereas he is
neither, but a most diminutive blonde.
After numerous introductions and a
little music, the guest of honor addressed
the club, thanking the ladies gracefully
for the courtesies shown him, speaking
of his beloved Manxland, of the truly
religious atmosphere that impregnated
and is a part of the people, how thieving
is unknown and honesty the unfailing
rule, of the many quaint ceremonials and
of one pretty custom. Instead of the
usual salutation, good morning, you are
generally greeted by some appropriate
verse from psalms— for instance, "Light
is sown for the righteous, and gladness
for the upright in heart," or "Truth shall
spring out of the earth and righteous-
ness shall look down from heaven."
Then he told a few anecdotes , told them
rather well, though in an unhappy tone
of voice as if humor was a stranger to
him. During this speech he perched
astride an uncomfortable looking piano
stool, hiding his thin, nervous hands in
the skirts of his abnormally long frock
coat. He asserted he had never been an
actor but for one consecutive perform-
'ance, and then he played the part of
"John Storm," in "The Christian," to
secure the copyright, and from his no-
ticeable nervousness while addressing
the club, no one disbelieved or contra-
dicted when he said he thought his tal-
ents did not lie in a histrionic direction.
After this diversion he was refreshed
with the usual pale tea and sandwiches
that one adways associates with "days at
home." There was some very good
singing, and the lion went forthwith on
an investigating tour.
Of all the characteristics demonstrat-
ed by Hall Caine the palm can safely be
given to curiosity. Whether it be mere
friendly interest or a search for types it
would be unfair to determine from only
one glimpse of the man.
In the course of a conversation the sen-
sation and success made by his play was
broached, and he said many of the critics
had taken exception to "The Christian"
as un-Christian. This was far from his
thoughts and he felt the majority did not
so misjudge him.
With all his peculiar personality one
could not fail to be impressed by this
big-little man. He is an enthusiast and
a gentle man, who is superior to the con-
ceit that he wore as a veneer to keep him
human .
THE QUESTION OF MARRIAGE.
The ideal marriage is still so rare that
it may be said to be the exception rather
than the rule, and there are skeptics who
profess to doubt its existence. This un-
satisfactory state of affairs matrimonial
is not so much to be wondered at, per-
haps, when we consider that the first
marriage of which we have any authentic
record, though it began under the most
favorable auspices, produced enough
trouble for the race to color the whole
world a deep, dark indigo blue.
But the pursuit of happiness is a legiti-
mate pastime, and one which man will
not relinquish while human life endures
upon this mundane sphere, for, though it
is not quite clear to the seriously medita-
tive mind that the conclusions are borne
out by the facts in the case, he is possess-
ed of a settled conviction that unalloyed
felicity is to be obtained only in that
state commonly known as marriage.
Therefore marriage is the one institution
that lasts unchanged and unchangeable
as human nature itself, and the ideal
union is still as far from realization as it
was in the beginning:.
* * *
And yet happiness is by no means so
elusive as it seems. The happy marriage
is not an illusion, a dream, but a sweet
and simple possibility. Rut the world is
not in the way of it today, and will not be
while the divorce court continues to de-
base into a civil contract an obligation
which the church sanctions as divine.
Abolish divorce and you close one gate
that leads to perdition. However, it is
not of the things that make against mar-
riage that T would speak at present, but
rather of the essentials that combine to
form the ideal union. The best and wisest
way to combat an evil is to ignore its ex-
istence bv persistently crowding it out of
place with some good. Therefore we will
not consider the divorce courts, man's
selfishness, nor woman's inconceivable
inconsistency. We will look onlv at the
possibility, and inquire somewhat into the
beauty and grace and mutual forebear-
ance that go to the making of a happy
marriage.
I am not depending altogether upon
my own knowledge of the subject in this
• brief dissertation. On the contrary, I have
sought advice and information from va-
rious sources. I have consulted the wife,
the widow and the maiden of mature
years, the sedate and irreproachable mar-
ried man and the young bachelor, who,
having had no experience, is the better
able to give an unprejudiced opinion up-
on a matter in which he takes a vital
interest. From all of these I have ob-
tained valuable data, much enlighten-
ment and not a little encouragement. But
acting upon the acknowledged and long
established principle that the only person
who really knows how to bring up a.
child is the party who never had one, I
reject it all and draw my conclusions
purely from my own observations.
'* * *
In nine cases out of ten a woman is to
blame for her own domestic unhappiness.
Either she is too much in love with the
man she marries to clearly perceive her
duty, or she does not care enough to sac-
rifice her own convenience for his com-
fort and happiness, and allows him to see
her indifference — in either case the re-
sults are the same. Trouble ensues, and
home is not home, but a house wherein
discord dwells, spoken or felt. Two peo-
ple may love each other madly, devoted-
ly and forever, and yet be perfectly mis-
erable when compelled by force of cir-
cumstances in the form of a marria<~^
certificate to live together under the same
roof. The ideal union demands some-
thing besides love to render it complete.
* * *
One thing is indispensible on the part
of the woman and that is tact. Tact al-
lied to a quick perception of a man's
weakness and a disposition to look on
186
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
the bright side of everyday life, is about
the most desirable quality a man can se-
cure in a wife. And it is upon the wife
that the happiness of the home depends.
The husband, when he comes into the
home circle, at least, is very much the
realization of the woman's idea of what
he should be, providing, of course, she
has the sense and intuition to shape her
materials properly. But not until wc
understands that marriage means home
and children, not an establishment and
society; not until she learns that her own
comfort and happiness is best secured by
ministering to that of the man whose
name she bears; not until she is diplo-
matic enough to see that black is white
and that something is nothing when oc-
casions demands, will she be able to real-
ize the ideal marriage. You have only
to look about you to perceive the truth
of my assertion that woman is mainly re-
sponsible for family discord. The hus-
band may be wise and noble beyond the
The Ideal American Citizen.
The American citizen of the finest
type is essentially a man or woman of
simple character, and the effect of our
institutions and mode of thought, when
rightly appreciated, is to produce sim-
plicity. The American is free from the
glarrlour of prejudice which results from
the conscious or unconscious influence of
the lay figures of the old political, social,
or religious world ; from the glamour of
royalty and vested caste, of an establish-
ed or dominant church, of aristocratic,
monkish, or military privilege. He is
neither impelled nor allured to subject
the liberty of conscience or opinion
to the conventions appurtenant to
these former forces of society.
For him the law of the state, in
in the making of which he has a
voice, and the authority of his own judg-
ment are the only arbiters of his con-
duct. He accords neither to fineness of
race nor force of intellect the right of
aristocratic exclusiveness which they
have too often hitherto claimed. To the
cloistered nun he devotes no special rev-
erence; he sees in the haughty and con-
descending fine gentleman an object for
the exercise of his humor, not of servil-
average man, but if the woman he calls
wife is lacking in the home instinct, if she
is stupid, selfish and indolent, their daily
life is not and cannot be beautiful or
harmonious. On the other hand a wife
may be good and sweet and lovely as a
dream, but if she lacKS tact in the order-
ing of her every-day affairs, there is sure
to be trouble somewhere..
It is clearly evident upon how simple a
thing marriage depends for its perfection.
Merely a woman's tact and ingenuity,
wisely exercised, a little foresight, a lit-
tle forebearance, a constant amiability, a
disposition to economize artistically in
time, force and material, and to know
what to see and what to shut the eyes
upon, to smile at the right moment and
to frown only when there is some good
to be gained by frowning, to^choose the
words well and to tip the tongue with
honey always — why it is the simplest
thing in the world if women could but be
brought to see it so. George cMelvin.
ity; he is indifferent to the claim of all
who, by reason* of self-congratulation or
ancient custom arrogate to themselves
special privileges on earth, or special
privileges in heaven. This temper of
mind, when unalloyed by shallow con-
ceit, begets a quiet self-respect and sim-
ple honesty of judgment, eminently ser-
viceable in the struggle to live wisely.
To the best citizens of every nation
the most interesting and vital of all ques-
tions is what we are here for, what men
and women are seeking to accomplish,
what is to be the future of human devel-
opment. For Americans of the best
type, those who have learned to be rever-
ent without losing their independence
and without sacrifice of originality, the
problem of living is simplified through
the elimination of the influence of these
symbols and conventions. Their out-
look is not confused or deluded by the
specious dogmas of caste. They pre-
ceive that the attainment of the welfare
and happiness of the inhabitaints of earth
is the purpose of human struggle, and
that the free choice and will of the me-
jority as to what is best for humanity as
a whole is to be the determining force
of the future. — From "Sc&rck-Licht Letters."
This 'Department is for the use of our readers, and expressions, limited to six hundred 'coords,
are solicited on subjects relating to any social, religious or political question. All manuscript sent
in must bear the author's name, though a nom de plume <zvill be printed, if so desired. The pub-
lishers ivill not, of course, be understood as endorsing any of the views expressed.
IS RELIGION ON THE DECLINE?
I.
Is religion on the decline? In view of
the recent proclamation of the Governor
of New Hampshire, who declares that
"the decline of the Christian religion is a
marked feature of the times," one would
be inclined to give an affirmative answer
to the question.' But after a mature
consideration of it in the light of move-
ments in history and a thorough under-
standing of the situation today, there can
be but one answer — an unhesitating
"No."
There is no doubt that in certain com-
munities the observances of religious
forms of worship have practically ceased,
but this is no criterion for the whole
■country — much less the world — although
some would have us believe that it is.
Religious waves come and go, but there
is a movement of religious thought and
progress that is going steadily forward,
as sure and unchangeable as time itself.
9 ^ 9
Christianity — religion is responsible
for much of the civilization and progress
that we know today. It is certainly the
prime factor in obtaining more equitable
social conditions, and its work along
these lines has never been more earnest
or more fruitful. Witness the noble work
of the Salvation Army, the civilization
and education of heathen in many parts
of the world; discussions and attempts
to clean up the political filth that char-
acterizes our municipal, state, and na-
tional life; the direct work of the
churches themselves.
9 . . 9 9
The spirit of Christianity is the one
hope of the world. Attempts at social
progress actuated by any other spirit
have in themselves the inherent seeds of
failure. History has proven this to be
true. But social progress which starts
out with the basis of a Christian senti-
ment will bring about those conditions
which we all must desire. So today in all
the world there is but one factor that is
working consistently and wisely for the
uplifting — morally, physically and men-
tally— of the human race, and that the
Church of Christ.
■^ -8? -§5
From a broad standpoint, therefore,
religion cannot decline. From a narrow
standpoint, it may in certain communi-
ties, but such retrogression, if it may be
called such, is offset by marked progress
in many parts of the world. I have said
that religion cannot decline. I do not
believe it can because I do not believe
that the world can go backward. The
one follows the other.
* ■© -S5
The fundamental truths of Christian-
ity— these are in no way involved in the
consideration of such a question. They
are impregnable. They stand firm, writ-
ten deep in the convictions of every man
whether he be a Christian, an Atheist, or
an Agnostic. We may deny them, but
our faces belie our words.
W. H. Shelor.
II.
Underlying every question of the day,
back of every progressive movement, and
at the heart of all economic problems
and social reforms is a certain vital force,
a living, ever-present power, variously
named, not always recognized, and often
denied. A potent factor in the affairs of
men, it is the motive which impels action
in the individual. It is the dominant trait
in human nature, and no man, Christian,
J88
THE TACIFIC MONTHLY.
Turk, or untamed savage, is without it.
Theorize about it as you will, designate
it as you may, it is essentially one and the
same' thing, and for convenience sake I
will call it religion, man's religious feel-
ing, man's faith in God, reflected in his
faith in himself, in his faith in his fellow-
man.
* * *
No man is as skeptical as he seems, as'
he believes himself to be. The agnostic
denies every influence that he holds to be
of a religious nature and it is yet more
strongly bound, more a slave to what he
terms his unbelief than the monk who
lives in a hermit's cell and scourges his
bare flesh for the sins of humanity, and
who is still in bondage to the exalted
fanaticism of a by-gone age. In all climes
and in all ages since time began, man has
been urged to progressive action by his
religious consciousness, his dim percep-
tion of a Higher Power upon which he
had some vaguely recognized claim. It
was the force that built the Pyramids,
that carved the Sphinx, filled the Par-
thenon, always active, always pushing
the race forward, but not always produc-
tive of desirable results, and sometimes
developing into a madness as dreadful
as it was destructive. But civilized or
savage, man cannot live without religion.
It is part and parcel of his very being,
breathed into him by the Creator of all
things, in the beginning of human life
upon the earth. How needless, then, to
worry over the decline of religious faith !
.The decline? Ever since, in those far
days when the world began to wait and
to watch for the gleam of a promised
star, a star that should surmount a cross,
religious faith has been steadily growing,
deepening, expanding until now there is
scarce a corner on the face of the globe
where some lamp is not lighted and burn-
ing with the clear unclouded flame of
Christian love and fellowship. Every
year, every day the illumination bright-
ens. Mankind is coming rapidly into a
fuller understanding of the go-spel of
Good, of Love, of Beauty. The New
Commandment is being observed as
never before, the New Religion which
Christ preached two thousand years ago
is beginning to be interpreted in its en-
tirety, and Faith soars on freer wing and
to a loftier height than in the days gone
by, and though man is yet far from the
ultimate goal of the race, the way grows
plainer with every step, and the Spirit 01
Christ prevails.
* * *
Old forms may pass, and creeds decay.
They do not crumble till they are no
longer needed, and, for every letter that
is lost the spirit is increased tenfold. That
New York Presbyterian doctor of divin-
ity, who said recently, "It is not Calvan-
ism, but Christ that the church needs,"
spoke to the point. And yet the Church
is Christ and Christ is the Church, and
the door must open wide enough to take
in all the world. l. F.
The Time Will Come.
So far away to-night, love,
You seem as far away
As stars that gleam so bright above,
'Till the coming of the day.
I touch the garments you have worn,
With love alloyed with pain;
Yet I need not feel forlorn, love,
You'll soon be home again.
We are so far apart, dear,
So very far apart;
And oh, I would that you were here,
And I lay on your heart.
That heart that does not know me
As oft I wish it knew,
Or that you would but show me
The way to prove I'm true.
And yet there'll come a night, love
When your busy thoughts will stray
Like meteors shooting swift above,
To one who's far away;
And you'll recall the little hand
That held your own so fast,
Then loosened like a rope of sand,
And slipped from yours at last.
For gently memory will turn
The picture you cast by,
Of lips that for your kisses yearn—
And the loving, laughing eye;
The sunny head that used to lay
So fondly on your breast,
And when too late, you'll scdly say,
"I know she loved me best."
cAdonen.
CONDUCTED BY DOWNING, HOPKINS & CO.
Uncle Sam has balanced his books for
the fiscal year of 1899, and the statistics
of his business during the last twelve
months tell an eloquent story of pros-
perity. He sold foreign nations $1,227,-
443,425 worth of American products, and
in return bought only $697,277,388. This
means that on the year's transactions the
world at large owed the United States a
balance of $530,366,037, which must be
paid in service of some sort, in gold and
silver, or in stocks, bonds and other ar-
ticles of value. At the close of the year —
July 1st — practically every line of the
country's trade shows well-maintained
activity and prosperity, and even the rail-
way industry, which alone of all branches
is getting no higher prices for what it
furnishes, is prosperous' also to an un-
precedented degree.
Railway securities now rest upon the
solid groundwork or real value created
out of the singular, but still existent,
combination of circumstances' of the past
two years. It is impossible to conceive
of such an unfavorable combination of
circumstances as could seriously shake
their base of value. Tremendous earn-
ings are bearing the natural fruit of in-
creased dividends, while a further senti-
mental and also practical value is given
to railway securities in general by the
pending great schemes of unification and
pacification.
In view of the general circumstances
of the outside situation and the general
level of the stock market, it seems, in-
deed, that the latter may most safely be
looked for to furnish the main incentive
to new speculative ventures for the re-
mainder of the year. The rise in prices
since 1897 was built out of excepionally
favorable agricultural conditions, cheap
money and a low level of prices in the
stock market. Largely out of the first
named, aided by the many favoring cir-
cumstances of the interval, have grown
the present active trade conditions,
which have in part caused money to ap-
preciate, while stock market prices have
also attained a comparatively high level.
But for the glittering possibilities com-
prised in the present railway outlook it
might almost be assumed that the causes
and effects of the stock market situation
have struck a balance..
There is no end, as yet apparent, to that
old reserve which has lasted beyond any
expectation, and which has taken the cour-
age of one after another of the longs.
Receipts continue astonishing, 5,000,000
bushels at the primary markets last week,
compared with about 1,000,000 bushels
the same week last year and i,8oo,oro
bushels the same week two years ago.
The visible is increasing even at the end
of the old crop, and with the new sup-
plies yet to start. It is not remarkable,
with such unexpected supplies of old
grain, that the loss in the new at home
and abroad should have been dropped
temporarily from consideration. The
necessity for providing for the actual ar-
rivals is more pressing than any theories
as to future shortage. There is just the
same situation abroad, depressing facts
as to immediate supplies counting more
than any- theoretical future shortage. A
broad speculation might carry the pres-
ent large supplies and advance prices in
anticipation of necessities at least six
months off; but the present volume of
trade is anything but broad. It is rather
remarkable that with such losses as have
been suffered at home and in Russia, the
speculative interest should be so small,
but the developments as to the very large
reserves, the uncertainty as to the extent
of the growing spring wheat crop and the
differences as to probable necessities
abroad have bewildered and demoralized
those who were very confident bulls two
ircr.tho aro.
FOR AUGUST.
The Century —
Timothy Cole's Engravings of Old
English Masters
Feast Days in Little Italy Jacob Riis
Glimpses of Wild Life About My
Cabin John Burroughs
Via Crusis F. Marion Crawford
Two Reeds Juiie M. Lippmann
Alexander's Invasion of India
Benjamin Ide Wheeler
The Transit of Gloria Mundy
Chester Bailey Fernald
The River of Tea
Eliza Ruhamah Scidmore
The Beau of 'Arriette..Mary Tracy Earle
The Night Walk George Meredith
The Churches of Auvergne
Mrs. Schuyler van Rensselaer
Negro "Spirituals"
Marion Alexander Haskell
The Creedless Maud Caldwell Perry
The People of the Raindeer
Jonas Stadling
In the Whirl of the Tornado
John M. Musick
Tornadoes Cleveland Abbe
The Missouri Cameron Mann
Powerful Electric Discharges
John Trowbridge
The Protection of Electrical Appara-
tus Against Lightning A. J. Wurtz
Needless Alarm During Thunder
Storms Alexander McCabe
Franklin as Jack of All Trades
Paul Leicester Ford
The Eskeragh Rascals
Suemas MacManus
The Visier of the Two-Horne.d Alex-
ander Frank R. Stockton
Man and Woman Louise Morgan Sill
The Present Situation in Cuba
Major-General Leonard Wood
The Cuban as a Labor Problem.
It effects one unpleasantly to read
John Borroughs' description of how he
mercilessly slew the weasel which was
pursuing his chickens. Somehow one
expects a nature-lover like John Bor-
roughs to practice the doctrine of non-
interference on such occasions. The
weasel, being hungry, was acting in obe-
dience to a simple law of nature in cap-
turing his dinner. One unconsciously
expects the clear-eyed dweller in the
"slab-sided cabin" near West Park on the
Hudson to recognize this fact and to let
nature have her way. What is one chick-
en more or less. And a weasel to live,
must eat. In any case it is difficult to
reconcile the "savage glee" which he ac-
knowledges he felt when he set his foot
upon that poor little wild beast of the
woods with one's preconceived ideas of
the great man.
Jacob Riis, in his description of a feast
in "Little Italy," relates an interesting
story of Governor Roosevelt, at that time
President of the Police Board of New
York. It is another of those side lights,
vividly illuminating, which thrown upon
the character of the typical American,
prove still more conclusively that his
greatness lies in his simple honesty, his
profound sympathy with human nature
and his unswerving sense of justice. He
is the embodied soul of the true Democ-
racy.
The Century probably published Cam-
eron Manx's rhymes about "The Mis-
souri" on account of the sentiment they
contain. The sentiment is excellent if
the verse is crude and inexcusably weak.
The latter half is, however, much better
than the first, still it is not by any means
"Century poetry."
McClure's —
The State Against Ellsworth
William R. Lighton
St. Patrick, The Sarpints, and the
Sinner Seumas MacManus
The Ballygunge Cup W. A. Fraser
The Cape to Cairo Railway
W. T. Stead
The Gentleman from Indiana
Booth Tarkington
By Courtesy of the Clown
Annie Fellows Johnston
Capturing a Confederate Mail
Ray Stannard Baker
Jenny Benjamin Cox Stevenson
The Death of Abraham Lincoln...
Ida M. Tarbell
The journey of the near future will be
from Cairo to the Cape by means of the
new railway which England is building
THE MAGAZINES.
I9t
through the heart of Africa, and which
Mr. Stead tells about so entertainingly
in this number of McClure's. One is
impressed with the indomitable will and
energy of Mr. Rhodes in reading this
account of his mammoth undertaking.
Nothing more delightfully absurd than
the illustrations by Gustave Verbeek of
"St. Patrick, the Sarpints and the Sin-
ner" has appeared in the magazines re-
cently. The story which accompanies
these illustrations, is told in "Mac's"
most graphic style, but given the pic-
tures we could make up the story for
ourselves.
"The Ballygunge Cup" is one of W.
A. Frazer's best, a racing tale wherein
the hero wins a -lady's hand and lets who
will take the "cup."
"The Gentleman from Indiana" is a
most uninteresting personage. It is
clearly the duty of the author,
Mr. Booth Tarkington, to see that
he is appropriately killed off by
"White Caps," in the very next
number. He has already lived sev-
eral chapters beyond the point where he
ceased to be anything but the most com-
monplace mortal, and, commonplace
mortals have no business to parade them-
selves as heroes of romance in the pages
of a novel.
"By Courtesy of the Clown" is a bit
of the most exquisite pathos. Tender
and sweet and true to the best in human
nature, it is one of those little stories
which every man and woman is better
for reading.
Scribncr's —
The Lion and the Unicorn
Richard Harding Davis
Vaillantcoeur Henry Van Dyke
'The Play's the Thing"
Albert White Vorse
The Spectre in the Cart
Thomas Nelson Page
An Urban Harbinger (Poem)
E. S. Martin
The Trail of the Sandhill Stag
Ernest Seton Thompson
Japanese Flower Arrangement
Theodore Wores
Daniel Webster Geo. F. Hoar
Ballad J. Russell Taylor
A Royal Ally
William Maynadier Browne
The Ship of Stars
A. T. Quiller-Couch (Q)
The Letters of ..Robert Louis Stevenson
Edited by Sidney Colvin
Bournemouth.
Ernest Seton Thompson writes from
the very heart of nature, aye from the
heart of truth itself. "The Trail of the
Sandhill Stag" is one of the beautiful
things in literature, but more beautiful
because it comes from the great myster-
ious depths of life. A wonderful living
witness of that eternal truth that man
lost hold on somewhere in the ages that
intervene between this day and that
troubled time when the flaming sword
was drawn across the gate. Not the least
charm about Ernest Seton Thompson's
work lies in the illustrations which ac-
company the text. They are so intimate-
ly interwoven with the theme, so suggest-
ive and yet always in a minor key.
"The Ship of Stars" is sailing in fairer
seas these summer days, and yet there
are other storms to come before the voy-
age ends or "all signs fail."
It is delightful to find Stevenson ap-
preciating Will H. Low's illustrations
for "Lamia" in this manner. "Thank
you again ; You can draw and yet you do-
not love the ugly. What are you doing
in this age? Flee, while there is yet time ;
they will have your four limbs pinned
upon a stable door to scare witches. The
ugly, unhappy friend, is the only wear."
Mr. Richard Harding Davis is very
entertaining in his story of "The Lion
and the Unicorn" and Thomas Nelson
Page proves conclusively that he can tell
a ghost story and tell it well.
The Cosmopolitan —
By Trolly to the Sphinx
Alexander Harvey
The Basis of New York Society
Mrs. John King Van Rensselaer
Your True Relation to Society
J. W. Bennett
"A Sod o' Turf"....Huga J. Gillaphinn
The Bushwacker Nurse
Frank R. Stockton
The Building of an Empire
John Brisban Walker
Augustin Daly and His Life-Work
Gustav Kobbe
The Loitering of Colonel Tarleton..
Charles Francis Bourke
A Modern Cleopatra
Charles Belmont Davis
Operating an Underground Route
to Cuba George Reno
192
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
An Encounter in a Grove
O'Neill Latham
Discontinuance of Count Tolstoy's
Novel The Editor
Men, Women and Events.
"By Trolly to the Sphinx" sounds al-
most sacriligious, but Alexander Harvey
undertakes to prove that it will serve to
inspire respect and preserve the romance
that is supposed to envelop the pyramids
and the couchant wonder of the desert.
The trolly in Egypt is "the natural seq-
uence in the march of events. No ground
is too sacred for its clang and clatter.
Even the hoariest city, the most ancient
monument, the oldest ruin, will one day
figure as a place to be punched on a
transfer slip."
"The Basis of New York Society," ac-
cording to Mrs. Van Rensselaer, is
amusement. She limits the reign of a
social leader1 to ten years, and informs
the readers of the July Cosmopolitan
that the leaders of the past "were always
noted for a strict regard for the proprie-
ties of life." And describes them as be-
ing "devoted mothers and exemplary
wives" to whom "church-going" and
charity were duties of the first import-
ance. It is interesting to read about that
lady, "the wife of an opulent gentleman,"
who became famous on account of her
exceedingly gorgeous parties that were
the talk of the town, and who was so
considerate of the feelings of the modest
and easily shocked New York society
people that she draped the statues which
adorned her stately home with pock-
et-handkerchiefs, on those occasions
when she entertained. Compared to the
present prevailing attitude of New York
as reported in the society journals it is
very refreshing.
Frank Stockton's "Bushwhacker
Nurse" is not as interesting as his young
heroines are apt to be. She lacks reality.
"The Loitering of Colonel Tarleton"
is an idyl, sweet and beautiful, a touching
tribute, too, to old age.
There is also a most delightful and un-
prejudiced summary of Charlotte Perkins
Stetson's work and character in this
number, together with quotations from
her verse.
To Be Cheerful.
The sovereign voluntary path to cheer-
fulness, if our spontaneous cheerfulness
be lost, is to sit up cheerfully, to look
round cheerfully, and to act and speak as
if cheerfulness were already there. If
such conduct doesn't make you soon feel
cheerful, nothing else on that occasion
can. So to feel brave, act as if we were
brave, use ad our will to that end, and a
courage-fit will very likely replace the fit
of fear. Again, in order to feel kindly to-
ward a person to whom we have been
inimical, the only way is more or less de-
liberately to smile, to make sympathetic
inquiries, and to force ourselves to say
genial things. One hearty laugh together
will bring enemies into a closer commun-
ion of heart than hours spent on both
sides in inward wrestling with the mental
demon of uncharitable feelings. To
wrestle with a bad1 feeling only pins our
attention on it, and keeps it still fastened
in the mind, whereas if we act as if from
some better feeling, the old bad feeling
soon folds its tent like an Arab and si-
lently steals away. — From "The Gospel
of Relaxation," by Professor William
James, in the April Scribner's.
The most talked of verses Oliver Her-
ford ever wrote were submitted to the
editor of Life, and they were returned,
not once but twice. They started on
their third journey to Life, accompanied
by a note to the editor, "My dear Mr.
Mitchell," it began, "during your recent
absence from your offiec, your office-bov
has been returning masterpieces, one of
which I enclose. Please remit at your
earliest convenience." And the editor
did remit. — Literav Digest.
CONDUCTED BY E. C. PROTZMAN.
The time limit for sending in solutions
to the chess problem given in last issue has
been extended two months. Five yearly sub-
scriptions to The Pacific Monthly will be
given to those sending in +he first five solu-
tions. The problem is a three mover, and
is very difficult.
4£ ^ 9
Played in 1896 between Jos. Ney Babson,
of Seattle, and a gentleman from New Or-
leans, at the rooms of the Seattle Chess and
Whist Club:
KING KNIGHT'S GAMBET.
U.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Mr. Babson.
P-K 4.
P K B 4.
K-B.2 (a).
P-Kt. 3.
K-Kt 2.
R x P.
Kt.-B 3.
Kt-B 3.
K-R.
R-Kt 2.
K-Kt.
P-0 4.
B-K 2.
Mr.
P-K 4.
P x P.
Q-R 5 ch.
P x P ch.
P x R P.
Q x K P ch.
P-Q 4.
Q-Kt 3 ch.
B Q 3.
O-R 4 ch.
B-Kt 5.
B x Kt.
B x B.
R x B ch, and wins the Queen. Black
continued the game a few moves more, then
resigned.
(a) This novelty cannot be found in any
of the books, but was originated by Babson
and is always played by him when he desires
a little genuine fun. He has named this
"The King's Own."
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Mr. Morphy.
White.
P to K 4.
P K-B 4.
Kt K B 3.
B Q B 4.
P K R 4.
Kt K Kts 5.
P Q 4.
B x P.
B x Kts P.
Q Qs 2.
P x B.
B x Kt ch.
Q B 4 ch.
Castles.
Kt B 3.
Q R Ks sq.
Kt Q 5.
P x P and wins.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
Judge Meek.
Black.
P to K 4.
P x P.
P K Kt 4.
B Kts 2.
P Kts 5.
Kt K R 3.
P K B 3.
P x Kt.
B K B 3.
B x B.
Kt K B 2.
K x B.
K Kts sq.
Q K 2.
P Q B 3.
P Q 3.
P x Kt.
«
A problem by Jos Ney Babson compos-
ed for The Pacific Monthly.
Black.
•© -^5
*
For several months past Portland ama-
teurs have been enjoying looking on at some
royal chess battles between the leading local
experts and Mr. Chas. 0. Jackson, who has
been here on business. Mr. Jackson is fully
the peer of any amateur in the United States.
* * *
The following is one of the off hand
games played by Morphy during the time of
the American Chess Congress, October, 1897;
his opponent being Judge Meek, of Alabama.
It may be remarked that at this pe-
riod Paul Morphy was but 20 years, of age,
and it was his first apperance in the tourna-
ment arena, yet of more than one hundred
games contested by him, including those of
the congress, he lost but three — a record un-
equalled in chess annals.
H m
» ri s pi
H 'H 0k wm !
White.
White to play and mate in two moves.
How Some Famous Men Wooed.
The celebrated John Newton, of 01-
ney, fell in love with a Kentish maid at
first sight. The girl was under 14 years
of age; but such was the impression she
made on young Newton, that his affec-
tion for her appears to have equalled all
that the writers of romance have imag-
ined. When in distant parts of the
world, the thought of her checked him
in a profligate career. When sinking on
the coast of Africa into a wretched state
of slavery, and when ready to put an end
to his life, the thought of her aroused
him to energy and inspired him with
hope. All the oppression and scenes of
misery and wickedness through which
he had to pass never banished her for a
single hour from his waking thoughts
for the following seven years. When he
lived in London, he would repair twice a
week to Shooter's Hill, and from the top
of that eminence comfort himself by a
distant view of the district in which his
loved one lived. Not that he could see
the spot itself, which wras in reality too
remote; but it gratified him even to look
towards the spot. She eventually be-
came the bright star of his life.
The celebrated George Whitefield be-
gan his courtship in a singular fashion.
His biographer pronounces him one of
the oddest wooers that ever wooed.
When Whitefield was in America, and
had under his charge the Orphan House
in Savannah, "it was much impressed on
his heart that he ought to marry in order
to have a helpmate in his arduous work."
He had also fixed his mind on the young
lady whom he intended to ask to become
his wife. So he addressed a letter to her
parents, and enclosed another to herself.
In his letter to the parents he stated that
he wanted a wife to help him in the man-
agement of his increasing family, and
then said: "This letter comes like Abra-
ham's servant to Rebekah's relations, to
know whether your daughter, Miss E — ,
is a proper person to engage in such an
undertaking; and if so, whether you will
be pleased to give me leave to propose
marriage to her. You need not be afraid
of sending me a refusal; for I bless God,
if I know anything of my own heart, I
am free from that foolish passion which
the world calls love." He wrote in a
similar strain to the young lady, asking
her, among many other questions, if she
could leave her home and trust in Him
for support who feeds the young ravens;
and bear the inclemencies of air both as
to heat and cold in a foreign climate;
whether having a husband she could be
as, though she had none. He also told
her that he thought the passionate ex-
pressions which ordinary courtiers use
ought to be avoided by those who would
marry in the Lord; and that if she
thought marriage would in any way be
prejudicial to her better part, she was to
be so kind as send him a denial; that she
need not be afraid to speak her mind, as
he loved her only for God.
The letters were not so successful as
Abraham's servant. The parents were
not very anxious to send their daughter
on such an adventure; and Whitefield
continued for a long space in his bache-
lor condition. — Chambers' Journal.
£5 -^ ^p
Strange, But True.
Wily Money-Lender. — You want one
hundred pounds. Here's the money. I
charge you five per cent a month. And
you want it for a year; that just leaves
forty pounds coming to you.
Innocent Borrower. — Then if I want-
ed it for two years there'd be something
coming to you, eh? — Judge.
* * *
The Third Alabama Infantry is a
negro regiment with white officers, and
the negroes ideas of military life and reg-
ulations are very startling at times.
The other day Adjutant was
approached by one of the privates with
'DRIFT.
195
"Lieutenant, lend me a qua'tah, please,
suh."
Before the officer could answer, anoth-
er private standing close by, broke in,
"You fool niggah, dat's de adjant. Go
to Lieutenant . He's de quah-
tahmaster." — Current Literature.
A well-known Scotch professor was
noted for his temper and vehement can-
dor, as well as for his profound scholar-
ship.
At the opening of a college term, the
boys observed that he was unusually ir-
ritable and harsh. The applicants for ad-
mission ranged themselves for examina-
tion in a line below his desk.
"Show your papers!" he ordered.
One lad held his paper up awkwardly
in his left hand.
"Hold it up properly, sir, in your right
hand!" commanded the master.
The new pupil muttered something,
but kept his left hand raised.
"The right hand, ye loon!" thundered
the professor.
The boy, growing very pale, lifted his
right arm. It was a burned stump. The
hand was gone.
The boys burst into indignant hisses,
but the professor had leaped down from
the platform, and had thrown his arm
about the boy's shoulders.
"Eh, laddie, forgive me!" he cried,
breaking into broad Scotch, as he always
did when greatly excited. "I did'na ken i
But," turning to the class, with swim-
ming eyes, "I thank God he has given
me gentlemen to teach — who can ca' me
to account when I go astray."
"After that day," wrote one of the
boys, years afterward, "every man there
was his firm friend and liegeman. He
had won us all by that one frank speech."
* * *
"I want to tell yo', my deah brethren,"
said Deacon Johnsing to his flock at
prayer-meeting, "dat in dese days of
chainless bikes, hossless kerridges, an'
sich, dat what we need fo' the glorifica-
tion of de cullud folkses am chickenless
coops, razzerless pahties, melonless
patches and crapless games. Does yo'
follow me?" — Bazar.
The Servant Question in Portland.
Portland has few servants. Most of
those who "live out" call themselves
"hired help," usually working to grati-
fy some cherished desire, other than
mere livelihood. One who was willing
to wash, iron, cook and clean-up for
four, named it in the bond, for two hours'
daily practice on my "Steinway," all the
musical assistance I would render, and
time to play her church organ at each
divine service, not only on Sundays, but
on the many fete days. I surely at-
tracted a gifted hand to "help" in our
lowly dwelling, for one night, while be-
traying my age by playing "The Mabel
Waltz," for the children to dance, my
then presiding "help" unceremoniously
shoved me from the piano stool, saying,
"the children can't dance to that old-
fashioned three step; I'll play a duck's
temp for them," and played all the even-
ing to a most enthusiastic set of dancers,
with dash and faultless precision. Her
French was uncertain, but her time was
true. Another "help," perfect in soups,
never failing in roasts, her confections
in flour a dream of shortness and di-
gestability, must "go home nights." All
during the summer our domestic life was
made by her one bright glad song, but
with the early twilight, I was told un-
less the man of the house could see her
home every night after dinner, she must
leave, for she was afraid to be out after
dark. We could not afford a carriage
•for her nightly use; the man of the house
flatly refused the stroll — perhaps if the
"help" had been young and pretty — so
we parted. Her successor was read a
lesson on economy. We had feasted dur-
ing the incumbency of "Afraid of the
Dark," but good things cost, and seek-
ing to minimize the expenses, I strictly
enjoined the utilizing of the "left overs."
The matutinal hash tasted odd to
say the least, a brandy vanilla flavor,
strange to find in hash, which was soon
after accounted for, by learning the left-
over pudding sauce had been incorpor-
ated with the corn beef and potatoes in
her effort to please. One help gave ser-
vice loyal and leal, to go through
High school, and now has achieved her
heart's desire of teaching, and is still
196
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
mounting upward. Yearly we receive
theater tickets when a certain troupe is
at the Marquam, from one who helped
in order to pay for elocution lessons,
knowing dramatic art was her birthright,
and proving her wisdom as she treads
the boards. My last experience was'*
of three months' duration. This "help"
wished to be coached in good serving,
would do the entire work of the house-
hold, if I would but teach her every de-
tail of finished waiting, so she might de-
mand the high wages of parlor maid and
waitress. Her willingness to learn from
the correct serving of a company dinner
with its fitting wines, to the right open-
ing of the street door, her dainty care
of the rooms and the nicety of her kitch-
en work, which she disliked, made her
stay a pleasure to all, but her mark is
left' on my memory, by her reply when
I chided her for carrying the mail to a
visiting convention delegate, "sans
tray." "I could not embarrass him
by handing his letters on the salver, for
he is not accustomed to its use, as I
am." F.
* * *
"Suppose the word 'male' is taken out of
our Constitution sooner or idter. Do you
suppose we will ever have a woman presi-
dent'.'"
"No. No married woman could spare the
time, and no single woman would confess to
the requisite age." — Harper's Bazar.
She — I know I'm cross at times, John;
but if I had my life to live over again, I
should marry you just the same.
He — I have doubts about that, my dear.
"Did you ever try the faith cure, Tomp-
kins?
"Yes. It cured me too.'*
"What of."
"Faith in the faith cure." — Judge.
Beaner: — What seems to be the feeling in
Chicago regarding the annexation of the
Philippines?
Laker — Well, there is a difference. Some
of us are in favor of annexation, and
there are others who think the city large
enough as it is." — Life.
Maud — I firmly believe that we should love
our enemies.
Jack— In that case I declare war upon you
at once. — Brooklyn Life.
Julian Ealph, when he went to China, pre-
pared himself very carefully in pigeon En-
glish, which he had been told he would find
useful, and on discovering a Chinaman in
his bedroom at a hotel in Shanghai, re-
marked: "Hello! What ting? What fash-
ion man you belong? What side you come?"
To which the Chinaman replied:
"This is Mr. Ralph, I presume? We have
mutual friends who suggested my calling on
you. I spent eight years at school at Nor-
wich, Connecticut."
"And now, Cassimere," rapturously whis-
pered the young man, "it only remains for
you to name the day." "I will marry you,
Orlando," she replied, as the blushes chased
each other over her face, "on the first day
of the twentieth century." And Orlando
abjectly surrendered to the point that had
been so long in dispute between them, in
defiance of every dictate' of reason, common
sense and the plainest elementary principles
of mathematics, he murmured: "You are
right, dearest. It begins January 1, 1900!" —
Chicago Tribune.
«
A paper published in Paris recently con-
tained the following unique advertisement:
"A young man of agreeable presence, and
desirous of getting married, would like to
make the acquaintance of an aged and ex-
perienced gentleman who could dissuade
him from taking the fatal step."
Father and son out walking. Father (to
son)— See that spider, my boy, spinning his
web. Is it not wonderful? Do you reflect
that, try as he may, no man could spin that
web ?
Johnie— What of it? See me spin this top.
Do you reflect that, try as he may, no spider
could spin this top?— San Francisco News-
Letter.
"Come and dine with us tomorrow," said
the old fellow who had made his money and
wanted to push his way into society. "Sorry,"
replied the elegant man, "I can't. I'm go-
ing to see 'Hamlet.' " "That's all right,"
said the hospitable gentleman, "bring him
with you." — Chicago Record.
Good Man — Do you know where little boys
go who smoke cigarettes?
Bad Boy — Yep! Dey goes out in de wood-
shed.— Chicago News.
Never ask a girl if she dislikes your
kisses. What could she say: — San Francis-
co News-Letter.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
*******************************
STOP! THINK!! I
THE PORTLAND SANITARIUM $
is fully equipped for treating all forms of Dis
eases, has the best of medical skill and thorough- *
ly trained gentlemen and lady nurses. Is also jj
prepared to administer all forms of treatment ; J*
in the way of Baths— Electricity, Manual jj
Swedish Movements, Massage, etc., and , JJ
for using the many appliances that have been so
thoroughly tried by the parent institution lo- W
cated at Battle Creek, Mich., the largest institu-
tion of the kind in the world.
For further information and terms, write
The Portland Sanitarium, 9
First and Montgomery Sts., Portland, Or. ' V
!******^*******-*****-****************************************
Amongst the minor ills of life
One of the very tvorst is laundry work that is badly done. It not only uses up the
cloth rapidly, but it destroys the temper and gives one an unsatisfactory appearance
•where finish is most needed. J* J* Starched linen collars, shirts and cuffs must be un-
questionably immaculate, done ivith no risk, a certainty as to result.
THE UNION LAUNDRY
to represent this to men <who make any effort at all to dress vjell.
Those
Send a postal or tele-
has come
cwho have not tried us <=will find that it vjill pay them to do so.
phone, and <we <u>ill call.
UNION LAUNDRY COMPANY,
Telephones I Columbia 504,
Oregon, Albina 41.
53 Randolph Street.
Downing, Hopkins & Co.
♦♦♦ BROKERS ♦♦♦
Chicago
Board of Trade.
New York
Stock Exchange.
Continuous market quotations at principal centers of trade received
over our own wires. Branch offices at Seattle, Tacoma, Spokane,
Walla Walla, Colfax, Wash., Vancouver and Victoria, B. C.
CORRESPONDENCE INVITED.
Head Office,
Ground Floor, Chamber of Commerce,
Portland, Ore.
♦♦♦+♦♦♦♦♦+♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦<
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
x THE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—AD VERTISIXG SECTION.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
CARRIES A FULI, LINR OF
MOTORS from One-half Horse Power Up
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kinds
of Machinery.
ARC and INCANDESCENT LIGHTING.
Electric and Bell Wiring: a Specialty.
Electric Supplies
SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
COR. SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
Insure your property ivith the
Home Insurance Go*
*.**OfNe<vj York
Cash Capital, $3,000,000.00.
The Great American Fire Insurance
Company.
Assets aggregating over $12,000,000 00, ALL
available for American Policy Holders.
J. D. COLEMAN, General Agent,
JOHN H. BURGARD,
SPECIAL AGENT.
250 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OR.
4fe^V
WIBUJRDNWDRKS
-1 pank ^i°?c * QrFrct fa"-"*1
trUL ft1 ORNAMCMTAl WIHC It I
GRIll WORK TOR CUVATM WCtOSURr*.
334 ALDER SI.
p9RTlArflM>re$<*:
Wire and Iron Fencing,
Window Guards, Etc
Tel. Black 196 J.
335 ALDER ST.
TUB Biumaner-FrBaK Ding Go.
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
1 Inves ment Securities. Real Estate,
I ..We will bond you..
THE
United States Fidelity and Guaranty Co.
'mm. — . of BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.
Surety Bonds of every description issued
promptly.
HARTMAN, POWERS & CO.,
3 Chamber of Commerce, Portland, Oregon.
« Loans. Insurance,
Artistic Effects in Photography <£ <£ <&
cAre demanded nocw as never before. We have all of the
up-to-date methods for securing this result,
MOORE'S, Dekom Building, Portland, Ot
W/e call for, sponge, press and deliver one suit of
your clothing each week for $1.00 per month.
Unique Tailoring Co., 124 6th St.
Oregon 'Phone M. 514.
Columbia 'Phone 736.
When dealing with our advertisert, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
r
^mBricanJpndrjL ■
COR. TWELFTH AND FLANDERS STS.
\. All Orders Promptly Executed. Telephones — 851 Both Companies.
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
ygx^q^^FT^vTR API ID ("iFfFyFy^Fv
Telephone 371...
105, 107, 1074 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
Portland Cut-Rate Taxidermist Co.
I84K THIRD ST., PORTLAND, OR.
Birds, Animals and Insects finely mounted in
a life-like manner. Rates reasouale.
Lessons given in
"Taxidermy 50 cents.
W. B. MALLEIS, Manager.
Established 1873
JOHN A. BECK
Dealer in
waieiies, Diamonds, Jewelry, Silverware,
270 Morrison St., Bet. Third and Fourth,
BtPAiHiNQ * Specialty PORTLAND, OREGON
SURETY BONDS
Fidelity and Deposit Company of Maryland.
Capital and Surplus, $2.50«),O00.60. issues guar-
antee bonds to employes in positions of trust.
Court Bonds, Federal Officers', City, County
and State Officials' Bonds issued promptly.
Agents in all principal towns throughout
the State of Oregon.
FRANK L. GILBERT,
Genl Agent,
SAN FRANCISCO.
W. R. MACKENZIE,
State Agent,
208 Worcester Block,
PORTLAND, OR.
Telephone Main 986.
When dealing with ourjjadvertisers,
SCIENTIFIC MASSEUR J- *
cAcute and Chronic Rheumatic Affections,
Nervous Diseases and Obesity successfully treat-
ed by Electricity, Massage, Dry Hot Air, and
Vapor "Baths. ' N F MELEEN, M G.
Phones —
office, Black 2857. Office, 318-319 Marquam Bldg.
Residence, Black 691.
W. A. Knight.
W. M. Knight.
KNIGHT SHOE CO.
Successors to Knight & Eder.
SOLE AGENTS
SOROSIS for Women.
BLACK CAT for Men.
$3.50.
292 Washington St.
Opposite Perkins Motel,
Portland, Or.
THE J. K. GILL CO.
Finest Stationery
Masonic Temple, Third and Alder Sts., Portland, Ore.
ALL THE LATEST BOOKS
Prices to Meet All Competitors
ONE OF THE PROBLEMS
Of merchandising has been, how best to advertise.
A store most advertise or it cannot prosper.
IT HAS BEEN FOUND
That magazine advertising pays best in proportion
to the outlay.
MORAL !
Adver tise in The Pacific Monthly. 20,000 readers
every month, and before the family thirty days.
kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦< ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦^♦♦♦♦^
| Northwest School Furniture Co.
291 Yamhill St., Portland, Oregon.
MANUFACTURERS OF
"TRIUMPH AUTOMATIC" SCHOOL DESK
School officers cannot afford to experiment wi h
public funds. The "Triumph Automatic" is no
experiment; over a million Triumph desks in use.
HYLOPLATE BLACKBOARDS.
Write for samples and special ciiculars and catalogues.
Globes, Charts, Maps, Window Shades, Flags, Bells, Teachers' Desks,
Settees and Chairs.
!
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦« ♦♦«>♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
******************************
1
i
The latest fad
Carbons on porcelain
HYLAND
Photographer
Corner of Seventh an d
Washington Sts.
******************************
I W. J. THOMSON & CO.
$ First-class work in
4v
+
HALF TONES
ZINC ETCHING
DESIGNING
ENGRAVING
>
>
I
$ 105,^ First Street, Bet. Stark and Washington %
4
Portland, Oregon
*
ivV**+»,***++**'>*'**'»*>»» + »*+***
*«««^.«#4M«ftft««««^«|^««^«««««4M««««««««l««****4*4*****^&#**->
Oregon Phone
Clay 931.
Columbia
Phone 307.
JEllis printing Co.
ESTABLISHED IN 1887.
PRINTERS
PUBLISHERS
STEREOTYPERS
(Anything in the 'Printing line, from a card to a catalogue.
105 FIRST STREET, PORTLAND, OREGON.
S
' T»
ft
When dealing with our advertistrs, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
P UBLISHERS' A NNO UJVCEMENT.
'T'HE publishers of The Pacific Monthly desire to make the magazine
unique among the literary publications of the day. With this end
in view, new departments will be added from time to time, and every
effort made to conduct them along original and interesting lines.
It is evident, however, that this object can be more immediately ac-
complished by giving the magazine a distinctly western flavor. Accord-
ingly we call for manuscript relating
t
t
♦
I
♦
PIONEER EXPERIENCES
ANECDOTES
STORIES OF CROSSING THE PLAINS
RECEPTIONS BY THE INDIANS
LOCATING THE NEW HOME
THE NEW ENVIRONMENT
ADVENTURES AND ROMANCES OF THE
NEW GENERATION
INDIAN LEGENDS
EARLY CHARACTERS
THE GROWTH OF A CITY
LIFE IN THE EARLY VILLAGE
THE INFLUENCE OF THE INDIAN
t
ETC., ETC.
Almost every pioneer in the Northwest hold in memory some inter-
^ esting fact which has come into his life, or has been told him by others, X
p. and the telling of it at this time will be of intense interest to the world.
♦ We hope, therefore, for a very liberal response to this call.
T Manuscript or letters relating to any of these subjects, or along the
X lines they suggest, will receive prompt and careful consideration.
Any suggestions in regard to these articles, or any ideas relating to
X any department in the magazine, will be gratefully received.
♦ Address all correspondence to
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY,
Maclcay Building,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
♦+»♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦+♦+♦♦»♦♦+♦♦♦+♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦+♦+♦+♦♦ »♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
/' ( rBLISHER8' A X\< > t X< EMENT.
• • .*.• •
• •• • •
• ••:••
* • •• •
••••••
•• • • ••
©.•■•■••
• • •• •
• •.'* *.•
• • ••.• •
.•/.•:•:
>>«
• • « • •
• • ■ ".• •
••••••
• • •• •
• • ■ • •
Twenty-Five Dollars in Gold
eJJs
eJiiW
ali lis
IN ADDITION to the regular commission of
35 per cent, is offered by the publishers of
The Pacific Monthly to the persons sending in
the largest number of subscriptions to the maga-
zine during the months of August, September
and October. ^ jtjtjtjtjtjtjtjt
This sum will be divided as follows:
$12.50 to the one sending in the largest num-
ber; $7.50 to the one sending in the second
largest number, and $5.00 to the one sending
in the third largest number. & & & jt jt jt
The Subscription Price of the Pacific Monthly
Is One Dollar a year, so that 35 cents is made on
every subscription obtained. A young man or
woman with very ordinary ability can easily se-
cure ten subscriptions a day, which would mean
$3.50 clear profit, j* J- J> This is a chance to
make pocket money with very little effort, as it is
easy to obtain subscribers when the purposes and
merits of the magazine are understood.
Constant Improvement
The Pacific Monthly will be greatly improved during the
coming months, and will become more and more unique.
Although it has been, and still is, the intention of the pub-
lishers to make the magazine characteristic of the Pacific
Coast, and especially of the Pacific Northwest, it will, at
the same time, appeal to popular interests. . & J- J> This
result is obtained by dividing the magazine into two parts
— that devoted to articles on Northwest and general sub-
jects, stories, etc., and that devoted to the Departments.
• • ••
•.•
•••:••
••••>•
• • • •
•?i7»«
••:••:
••••••
• ••••
- - ■ w-
P UBLISHERS' ANNO UNCEMENT.
••••i •• ••.*•• ••.••• ••.*•'• ••.••'• .•.•"• © .•...•• .©....•» .«..*• ...... • .• . . • ...... o .•..*•• .•...•• .•...♦• .•...••
••?•"• •1".'*>,: •1\'**,: *.»•.'•'•• •^•'••" •!•,.•'•• •^•"••' •i"."*',: •1*J*',: •!".!•' ••' •1*."*,: •^-•'••' •^•'••" •^•'••* •^•'••' •!•.*•'••*
•#•.*••• •?!••• '?!••• •?!"•• *?!••• •?!••• *?!••• •?!••• •?!••• •?!••• •?!••• •?!••• •?!••• •?!••• •?!••• •?!•••
:•:£•: •X-.*:
;•;•• In the first part, and in keeping with the intention to ••/•>•
• •vV* reflect the character and institutions of the Northwest, :•.£•?:
•••'••I- there will begin in September •?v*'
*•>••• •*?•£•
• • • • • , _ _ _ • _ —■■ mm • • • •• •
••.
> • ••
:©y«
.••:-7»»
.•.-.r
•
"The Indian Arabian Nights"
THE MOST BEAUTIFUL SCENERY IN THE WORLD."
.?:•:
:•£?: w ••'•:•*
A series of unusually interesting stories of the Indians,
told in a graphic manner by Prof. H. S. Lyman of Astoria,
Oregon, who has made a special study of the subject. «tt
'J&Vi These stories are exceedingly fascinating, and cannot fail ?';?>.
.?•£*• to interest readers every where. *'!"'••
•*•.••* Live articles are now being prepared by competent ?/•.£
:•'•::: writers for this part of the magazine on •£•'.}?
"THE PROBABLE ISSUES IN THE NEXT CAMPAIGN."
:;":• -FURTHER VIEWS ON EXPANSION." !/•>.
:•••* «THF AAfKT RFAI1TIFI1I ^PFNIFPY IM THF WODI n " ••V?;
_ i;» The best illustrated and descriptive article on the Columbia River that •'•.*.•.
••>,•"• has yet appeared from any source. This article, with its elaborate *•#.'•*
***•*"• illustrations, will alone be worth the price of the magazine for •••*•?!
• ••£*• a whole year. J* -J* J* In addition to the few articles **•/.•!
•«•• mentioned, there will also appear a series by Prof. **•.'•*
W. H. Hudson, of Stanford University, and •••*•"? I
DR. DAVID STARR JORDAN, Jtv?;
President of the University, will be a regular contributor to the magazine. ••*•#••
:•£*; j*j*j* .:.V*.V
•••••i •••••
>'••$" I11 tnc second part of the magazine— the Departments jtfJJ;
••vt; — the publishers furnish something strikingly original, not
£?•• duplicated in any other periodical. These Departments
••vv w^^ ^e gradually increased in number and improved in ;•-..
*■"'••{■ contents. At present they number ten, as follows : • •.*£:•'
OUR POINT OF VIEW— (Editorial.) :?C>":
"•• ••
THE MONTH — A resume of the month in Politics, Science, Lit- •;^>»
erattt re, Art, Education and Religious Thought, with Leading Events. •••••••
•;?.'i QUESTIONS OF THE DAY— A department given over to ijv?;
our readers for the purpose of expressing themselves on the questions «■;.•>*
?•£*••. before the people.
i* i.*
..•>.
v>:^ books. *%&
•*5;-:. THE FINANCIAL WORLD. %';?.
>'•••* THE MAGAZINES— Reviews the leading magazines of the jtfjfj;
;%;.•. country. -•.;.•.
••>:• THE IDLER— A department of chat. ••;••£
$#: chess. itV>:
;••>•• DRIFT— Devoted to the lighter side of life.
#».#«^ Those wishing to avail themselves of the above offer should uot fail to write at once. This #»*'»J
.^••** is especially a splendid opportunity for students to make money during vacation, and even after V"^."*»
• •••"• school hours. Outfits will be sent upon application, but applicants must send references. •••*.•>
••'•*•• Address without delay, ?••"•#*
••?:• THE PACIFIC MONTHLY, Macleay Building, Portland, Oregon. •:£>.•
..*•*"• ••.*.••
''..:•,
the pacific monthly— Advertising section.
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦»♦♦♦♦♦»
♦
♦
...ABOUT CORNS...
What is a Com ? Physicians ca" !t a Calvus, a calous or horny thickening of the skin, over a joint
— in a toe, with a central core or "kernel." A corn cut in half would look very
" much like this
Before 1 -in-.
ACIcr Islcg
A— The Corn
B-The
"Kernel"
C— Sack of
Fluid.
D-Bone
E — Skin
0 F— Joint of
Toe.
Willnmette Corn Cure.
What ProdllfCS a Com? PRESSURE. Not necessarily that the shoe is tight, but while appar-
' ently roomy, does at some position during walking, press upon one
spot; the result is a "CORN."
° Having a Corn WHAT SHALL I DO FOR IT? Ah! now there is the question. Some people
i> S , pare them, getting a little temporary relief, but stimulating the corn to twice as
rapid growth. Well, here is a clear and colorless fluid called
WILLAMETTE CORN CURE,
IT WILL REMOVE CORNS AND LEAVE A NATURAL SKIN IN ITS PLACE.
I 25 Cents per Bottle. For Sale by all Druggists.
&*#**•***********************£
The Right Road &
&
$
i
Is the Great Rock Island
Route. J> J- J> J>
Dining car service the
best, elegant equipment,
and fast service J> J- J>
For further information
address
A. E. COOPER, General Agent,
Pass. Dept.
246 Washington Street,
J PORTLAND, ** OREGON.
.uxurious I ravel
THE "North-Western Limited" trains,
electric lighted throughout, both inside
and out, and steam heated, are, with-
out exception, the finest trains in the world.
They embody the latest, newest and best
ideas for comfort, convenience and luxury
ever offered the traveling public, and al-
together are the most complete and splen-
did production of the Car Builders' art.
THESE SPLENDID TRAINS
CONNECT WITH
The Great Northern
The Northern Pacific and
The Canadian Pacific
AT ST. PAUL, FOR
CHICAGO and the EAST.
No extra charge for these superior accommo-
dations and all classes of tickets are available for
passage on the famous" North-western Limited."
All trains on this line are protected by the Inter-
locking Block system.
The North-Western Line.
W. H. MEAD,
GEN'L AGENT,
PORTLAND, OR.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
xvii
A Word with Eastern Advertisers
The 'Pacific &{prthvjest is one of the best fields in the United States for judicious
advertising. The country is rich and prosperous, crops ne'ber fail, and the popula-
tion is steadily increasing, ofoing to the steady influx from less favored regions.
Unquestionably a desirable field to reach.
THE FIELD IN WHITE IS THE FIELD OF THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
The Pacific Monthly
Coders this field exclusively. Others may dabble in it. The Pacific SMontbly covers it.
cAs for circulation, the Pacific SMonthly is one of the fev) magazines %>est of the Miss-
issippi that guarantees circulation. Our svjorn statement for Ayer & Son's ^(evjspaper
cAnnual is as follovjs :
Average per month, during the last eight months . . 5435 copies.
Highest single issue 6500 copies.
lyowest single issue 5ooo copies.
Our rates are unusually low. It will pay any advertiser wishing to reach this field
and the entire Pacific Coast at one and the same time, to drop us a
postal. Let us tell you more about it. We can make
it worth your while. Address
THE "PACIFIC ^MONTHLY,
SMACLEAY BUILDING, PORTLAND, OREGON
When dealing with our advertisers .kindly mention The Pacific Mon;hly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
++++++>♦+++♦+++♦<
►♦♦♦♦♦"►♦«
►♦+++++♦+<
2 Overland Trains Daily 2 /^P^\ |
•THE
YELLOWSTONE PARK \ DINING CAR LINE.
TAKE
THE
...When going to the...
BUFFALO HUMP MINING COUNTRY,
NORTHERN PACIFIC, E?i.
Direct service to the GOLD FIELDS of British Columbia,
via SPOKANE, WASH.
IL
Tickets sold to all points
in the United States and Canada.
Telephone Main 244.
A. D. CH -RLTON,
Assistant General Passenger Agent,
255 Morrison St., Cor. Third,
Portland, Oregon.
•M^<M~H^+4»H~M-+^+++^*H^4++<H^++<H^
THE MAGNIFICENT SCENERY
OF
COLUMBIA RIVER
The most beautiful in the world, can best be seen
from the steamers "DAISES CITY" and
"REGULATOR" of the
"REGULATOR LINE'
DO NOT MISS THIS.
Steamers leave Portland, Oak St. Dock, 7 a. m., daily,
except Sunday, for The Dalles, Cascade Locks, Hood
River and way landings.
C. G. THAYER, Agt.,
Oak St. Dock, Portland.
(Phone 914.)
W. C. ALLAWAY,
Gen. Agt.,
The Dalles, Or.
Ore,— PHONES 734— Col.
Model Laundry Company
308 MADISON STREET,
Between Fifth and Sixth
PORTLAND,
OREGON
THE ONLY LINE
-OFFERING-
TWO Routes from Portland.
THREE Routes through Colorado.
FOUR Routes east thereof.
The Grandest Mountain Scenery in America
by daylight.
Personally conducted tourist excursions
through to the east without change of cars.
Free Reclining Chair Cars in all trains.
New and Elegant Equipment.
Perfect Dining Car Service.
STOPOVER IN UTAH OR COLORADO
GRANTED ON ALT, CLASSES OF TICKETS.
No trouble to answer questions.
M. J. ROCHE,
Trav. Pass. Agt.
253 Washington St., Portland, Oregon
D. MANSFIELD,
Gen'l Agent.
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Columbia River & Puget Sound Navigation Go.
Portland and Astoria
Steamers Telephone or Bailey Gatzert leave foot Alder
Street daily (except Sunday), 7 A. M.
Leave Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
U. B. SCOTT, President
Mo ond Mio River I). R. Time Card
WINTER SCHEDULE-Daily
Train No. 22 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 12:15 p. m.
Train No. 24 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at 11:10 p. m.
Return
Train No. 21 leaves Astoria at 8.00 a. m., arrives in
Portland at 12:15 P- m.
Train No. 23 leaves Astoria at 6:30 p. m. and arrives
in Portland at 10:35 p. m.
Train No. 22 runs through to Seaside, leaving Seaside
on the return at 2:50 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia River R. R. Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:00 p. m., arriving at
Astoria at 12:15 P- m and 11:10 p. m. Leaving for Sea-
side at 12:20 p. m.
GO EAST VIA
Oregon Short Line Railroad
THE DIRECT ROUTE TO
Montana, Utah, Colorado
and all Eastern and Southern Points.
Affording choice of two routes, via the "UNION
PACIFIC Fast Mail Line or the RIO
GRANDE Scenic Lines through Colorado.
LOOK AT THE TIME
II DAYS TO SALT LAKE
1\ DAYS TO DENVER
34 DAYS TO CHICAGO
44 DAYS TO NEW YORK
Free Reclining Chair Cars, Upholstered Tour-
ist Sleeping Cars, and Pullman Palace Sleep-
ers operated on all trains.
For further information, apply to
C. O. TERRY, W. E- COMAN,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
124 Third St., Portland, Or.
EJS1 ) * SOUTHERN
via . PACIFIC
* COMPANY
LEAVE Depot, Fifth and I Sts. ARRIVE
* 6 oop.m.
* 830 a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
X 7 30 a.m.
t 450p.m.
OVERLAND EX-
PRESS, for Salem,
Roseburg, Ashland,
Sacramento, Ogden,
San Francisco, Mo-
jave, Los Angeles, El
Paso, New Orleans
(.and the East.
Roseburg Passenger. .
{Via Woodburn for"!
Mt. Angel, Silverton,
West Scio, Browns- y
ville, Springfield J
and Natron. J
Corvallis Passenger
Independence Pass'ng'r
9 30 a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
t S 50 p. m.
t 8 25 a. m.
* Daily. J Daily except Sunday.
Direct connection at San Francisco with Occi-
dental and Oriental and Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND CHINA. Sailing dates
on application.
Rates and tickets to eastern points and Eu-
rope, also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA, can be obtained from J. B.
KIRKLAND, Ticket Agent, 134 Third St.
Yamhill Division: — Passenger Depot foot of
Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a. m.;
12:30, 1:55, 3:25, 5:15, 6:25, 8:05, 11:30 p. m., and 9:00
a. m. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland
daily at 6:35*, 8:30, 10:50* a. m; 1:35, 3:15, 4:30, 6:20,
740, 9:15 p. m.; 12:40 a. m. daily except Monday
and 10:05 a. m. on Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, exeept Sunday, at
4:30 p. m. Afrive at Portland at 9:30 a. m.
Leave for Airlie Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays at 8:40 a. m. Arrive at Portland Tues-
days, Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
* Except Sunday.
R. KOEHLER, C. H. MARKHAM.
Manager. Gen. F. & P. Agt.
When dealing with our advertisers,
Fast Mail
8:00 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
2:10 p. m.
d:oo p. m.
8:00 p. m
Ex. Sunday
Saturday
10:00 p. m.
6:00 a. m.
Ex.Sunday
7:00 a. m.
Tues.Thur
and Sat.
TIME SCHEDULES
FROM PORTLAND.
Salt Lake, Denver, Ft.
Wonh, Omaha, Kan
sas City, St. Louis,
Chicago and East.
Walla Wall', Spokane,
Minneapolis, St. Paul,
Duluth, Milwaukee,
Chicago and East.
Ocean Steamships.
All sailing dates subject
to change.
For San Francisco —
Sail every five days.
Columbia River
Stiatners.
To Astoria and Way
Landings.
Fast Mail
6:45 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
8:30 a. m.
4:00 p. m.
Ex.Sunday
6:00 a. m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Lv.Riparia
1:45 a. m
Daily
Ex. Sat.
Willamette liivr.
Oregon City, Newberg, 4:3°P-m-
Salem & Way Landings Ex.bunday
Willamette and
Yamhill Itivrs.
Oregon City,' Dayton
and Way Landings.
Willametle Jtiver.
Portland to Corvallis
and Way Landings.
Snake, Hirer.
Riparia to Lewiston.
3:30 p. m.
Mon. Wed.
and Fri.
4:30 p: m.
Tues.Thur
and Sat.
Lv. Lewis-
ton 5:45
a. m. daily
Ex. Friday
V. A. SCHILLING, W. H. HURLBURT,
City Ticket Agt., Gen'l. Pass. Agt,
254 Washington St., Portland, Ore.
kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
im ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ t ♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦<♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦<♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦.♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»
"JVb Community is Prosperous Whose People are JVW Employed" V.
| You Need Our Factories!!
Industry
YOU preach this doctrine, now practice it You say you
love your home, now show it. You say the community
should be more prosperous, keep your money at home. You
admit we manufacture over four hundred articles of impor-
tance as cheaply as in Eastern or foreign markets— why not
buy them? You admit that Chicago and other thrifty cities
not so far away were made so by enterprising citizens ; fol-
low their example. You speak of the patriotism of the whole
people, hence show unselfish devotion ts the manufacturing
industries of Oregon.
■"■ M. ZAN, President
: : E. H. KILHAM, Vice Pres.
R. J. HOLMES, Treasurer 2
C. H. McISAAC, Secretary J ►
!♦♦♦♦♦ H H ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ H H H ♦♦♦♦♦ H ♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦ H ♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ H ♦♦♦ *
The Favorite Transcontinental Houte Between
the Northwest and all Points East
Choice of Two Routes Through the FAMOUS
^^ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY
Aud Four Routes Fast of Pueblo and Denver
All Passengers granted a day stop-over in
the Mormon Capitol or anywhere between
Ogden and Denver. Personally conducted
Tourist Excursions three days a week to
OMAHA, KANSAS CITY, ST. LOUIS,
CHICAGO and the EAST.
For Tickets and any Information regarding Rates,
Routes, etc., or for Descriptive Advertising Matter,
call on Agents of Oregon Railway & Navigation
Co. Oregon Short Line or Southern Pacific
Companies.
S. K. HOOPER, R. C. NICHOL,
Geu. Pass. & Ticket Agt. Gen. Agt., 251 Wash St
DENVER, COL. PORTLAND, ORE.
Ill Competition
°'SpicTOfX^V
As regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
JUST THINK!
3^ days with no change to Chicago
4j£ days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN:
Trains are Illuminated by PIntsch Gas,
run Into Union Depots, and Baggage
Is checked through to Destination.
Lowest Rates.
For Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
J. H. LoTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. Agent.
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
I Do You Like a ^ ^ |
1 A Luxurious Meal? f
"TIGER BRAND" f
Pure Spices \|jf
"OUR BEST" Sj?
Roasted Coffee M£
"KUSALANA" |
Ceylon Tea \fe
...c/lre Items**. j|
*£ ^ ^8 <a;/;/c/2 <a>/// arc/ materially <£<£<£ 4)
ASK YOUR GROCER FOR
... THEM ...
THE FIRST TIME YOU SEE HIM.
cManufadured and «i
Sold by J> J> J* iL
I CORBITT & MACLEAY CO. {
Portland, Oregon* 4
'*&^&*
SEND TO US FOR PRICES ON
Wi ami M*NurACTW«n« »r tnc
CCLC.RATCD
Maltese Gross Brand
of Robber Belt #
AJax Brand Cotton
Mill Hose...
Rubber and
Leather
Belting...
ft
[US
87-89 FIRST STREET, PORTLAND, ORE.
RUSSELL & CO. ""•
. AVERIIL,
t* A ■•»«».
MANUFACTURERS OF
High Grade,
Engines, Boilers,
Saw Mills,
Threshers...
Estimates furnished on Stearn Plants of all Sizes and for
any purpose. Write for Catalogues.
RUSSELL & CO., - Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our odrtrtiten, Hndiy mention The Pacific Monthly
The Moral Side of the Philippine War
By W. R. LORD.
m
the Pacific
avqnthdt
Volume II SEPTEMBER Number 5
1899
TEN CENTS A COPY J> * «* * ^ ONE DOLLAR A YEAR
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUBLISHING COMPANY
PUBLISHERS J> > J> j* & »* -* >* PORTLAND, OREGON
The
Oregon
Industrial Exposition
to be held in Portland,
OPENS SEPT. 28, CLOSES OCT. 28.
The committee have used every effort to make this
Exposition one surpassing those of all former years.
They have secured the best exhibits the state affords
in Grains, Grasses, fruits and 'Vegetables, The coin-
ing interests vjill have a splendid display; also the
forestry. The special attractions are exceptionally fine.
See article in this number.
robable Issues of the Next Campaign
By JUDGE A. H. TANNER.
TUo Inrfian " Arabian Nidhfc" ^orioc hptfinc in this niimhpr.
DO YOU BUY DRUGS.
Toilet Articles, Soaps or Perfumes, or any of the thousand and one articles
carried by a drug firm? Then let us send you our cut-rate catalogue.
IT WILL SA VE YOU "DOLLARS.
Does Photography interest you? Let us send you our Photographic Catalogue.
We carry the largest and most complete stock on the Coast
Woodard, Clarke & Co.,
FOURTH AND WASHINGTON STS.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
GOODYEAR RUBBER COMPANY.
We carry in stock a complete assortment of RUBBER GOODS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
ANY STYLE. ANY SIZE. ANY QUANTITY.
MACKINTOSHES
Crack Proof—
•JSosg Proof
RUBBER
BOOTS
Druggists'
Rubber
Goods
jtjtjt
jut.*
BOOTS AND SHOES
"GOLD SEAL**
BELTING
PACKING
AND HOSE
Rubber
and OH
Clothing
R. H. PEASE. Vice-President and Manager,
73 and 75 FIRST STREET, Jt PORTLAND, OREGON.
AVERY & CO.
FURNITURE AND UPHOLSTERY HARDWARE.
LOGGERS' AND LUMBERMEN'S SUPPLIES.
SPORTING AND BLASTING POWDER.
FISHING TACKLE.
HARDWARE
TOOLS, CUTLERY,
MCCAFFREY'S CELEBRATED FILES
AND HORSE RASPS.
82 Third St, near Oak,
Portland, Oregon.
BOUND COPIES OF VOL I, IN LINEN, $1.00.
^•"Scc Publishers' Announcements in back of Magazine.
The Pacific Monthly.
(The entire contents of this Magazine are covered by the general copyright, and articles must not be reprinted
without special permission.)
CONTENTS FOR SEPTEMBER, 1899.
* Les Martiques, France " frontispiece
A drawing by Frank V. DuMond, for The Pacific Monthly.
The Moral Side of the Philippine War W.% Lord 199
Third article in the series on "Expansion."
Natewan (Short Story) cAdonen 205
Life's Repetition (Poem) (Adelaide Pugh 207
Poems of Washington —
December Herbert <Bashford 208
Parting Ella. Higginson 208
When the Birds Go North Again Ella Higginson 208
Probable Issues of the Next Campaign Judge <A. H. Tanner 209
The Musical Woodpeckers of Burnt River Capt. Cleveland Rockwell. 211
(A Sketch.)
The Voice of the Silence (Conducted) , 213
Frank Du Mond (A Sketch) Lischen M. Miller 217
Oregon (Poem) J. W. Whalley 218
The Indian "Arabian Nights" H. S. Lyman 219
The beginning of a series of intensely interesting Indian stories
and legends.
Once (Poem) Florence May Wright 221
DEPARTMENTS:
OUR POINT OF VIEW 222
Is This Life a Dream ? (Poem) 'Valentine Bro<wn 223
THE MONTH 224
In Politics, Science, Literature, Art, Education and Religious
Thought, with Leading Events.
QUESTIONS OF THE DAY—
One View of the Woman Question George Melvin 228
MEN AND WOMEN—
The Secret of Happiness W. H. Shelor 229
THE IDLER 230
BOOKS 231
Worker and Dreamer (Poem) cRpsetta Lunt Sutton 232
THE MAGAZINES 232
Semper Fidelis (Poem) Harry E. Burgess 234
THE FINANCIAL WORLD 235
CHESS 236
DRIFT—
The Oregon Industrial Exposition 237
The Canadian (Poem) Walter Cayley Belt 238
Standard Articles 239
An Arizona "Bar" Story cAlbert J. Capron 240
Terms:— $1.00 a year in advance; 10 cents a copy. Subscribers should remit to us in P. O. or express
money-orders, or in bank checks, drafts, or registered letters.
Agents for The Pacific Monthly are wanted in every locality, and the publishers offer unusual in-
ducements to first-class agents. Write for our terms.
Manuscript sent to The Pacific Monthly will not be returned after publication unless definite in-
structions to that effect with stamps accompany letters enclosing manuscript.
Address all correspondence, of whatever nature, to
alex. sweek, Prest. THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. CO.,
J. THORBURN ROSS, Vice Prest. . , „,.,,. *„n„. .»,„ ^™-,^.,
w. b. wells, Manager. ^leay Building, PORTLAND, OREGON.
LISCHEN M. MILLER, Asst. Manager.
Copyrighted 1899 by William Bittle Wells.
The publishers of The Pacific Month ly will esteem it a favor if readers of the Magazine will kindly
mention The Pacific Monthly when dealing with our advertisers.
PRESS OF THE ELLIS PRINTING CO., 105 FIRST ST , PORTLAND, Ore.
In NIpyt Icciio Tvun I Innii'nlichorl M»nn«rrir»Tc rtf ^am Qimncnn
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES.
4ft££******************************£ ft***** ***********************
WILLIAM M. LADD,
President 'Board of Trustees.
J. R. WILSON, D. D.
S. R. JOHNSTON, Ph. D.
'Principals*
"PORTLAND cACAVEMY
Organized 1889,
VIEW FROM THE SOUTHWEST
The 'work of the Academy covers the instruction of Primary,
Grammar, and Secondary Grades, Boys and girls are received
at the earliest possible school age and fitted for College. Ad-
vanced work is done in Latin, Greek, French, German, Math-
ematics, English Literature, Physics, and Chemistry J> J> J>
Eleventh Year Opens at 10 A. M.
September 13th
1899
For Catalogue, Address
PORTLAND ACADEMY,
'Portland, Oregon.
^#^9^9^#<r^#^#^$^i^iP^^$^9^^p #<P^iP^^#^^^ ^p-p^^^^^^p ^^P^^P^^^ ^^#^^P^^^'-'
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES.
iii
"BISHOP SCOTT c4CADEMY...*iny£2XlS3JZLb.
founded 1870.
cA hoarding and 'Day School for 'Boys,
Sfifanual Training. SMilitary "Discipline, for Catalogue or other Information, address the "Principal,
J. W. HILL, M. D., *P- 0. drawer 17, Portland, Or.
Whitman College
Entrance Requirements
same as
squirem
5 Yale.
STRONG FACULTY. THOROUGH WORK.
Glaesical, Scientific, Xiterar^ anfc /llbusical departments.
HIGHEST STANDARDS. Walla Walla, Washington.
|ji ALL-Bearing Type-Bar Joints and Fixed
■ Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unimpair-
able Alignment, Lightest Key Action. The
Most Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work.
Carriage locks at end of line, protecting the
writing. Compact Shift Keyboard. Numer-
ous Handy Features. Address for full par-
ticulars,
United Typewriter & Supplies Co.
No. 232 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦HUH**
Saint Delen's Dall
All Departments
from Kindergarten
to Academic.
E BoarMng
anb 2>a\> School
for (Sirls
Classical, Scientific
and English Courses.
College Preparation.
Special BDvantages
in flftustc anb Hrt
Thirtieth Year begins Sept. 13th.
For further particulars, address,
ELEANOR TEBBETTS, Principal,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
*♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦♦♦»»» + ♦♦♦»♦♦»»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦»♦♦ + »
When dealing; with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
iv
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY-AD VERTISING SECTION.
Use-
THE TELEPHONE INDEX
<A time saber for business men, and the only Index pub-
lished giving both Companies numbers,
PRICE, $2,00 PER YEAR.
For Advertising Space or Subscription, address
G. H. AYDELOTTE, telephones
No. 5 Raleigh Bldg., Portland, Ore.
Oregon Main 8t6.
Columbia 238.
Perfect
1 CAN BE OBTAINED ONLY
...Through a Complete...
I Metallic Circuit For each subscriber' and
Telephone j ^— No Party Lines.
Service
THE COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY
Atone has these Advantages.
•: OFFICES, 606-607 Oregonian Building,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" The Policy Holders' Company "
THE NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
1st A Cash Surrender Value. 2d A Loan equal in amount to the Cash Valne.
M Extended Insurance for the Full amount of Policy, without the request of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-up Policy
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
727, 728 & 729 Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
Established 18S2.
Open Day and Night.
j» E. House's Cafe *
138 Third Street
PORTLAND, OREGON
Clams and Oysters.
Home-Made Pies and Cakes.
Cream and Milk from Our Own Ranch.
Th»- Best Cup of
Coffee and Chocolate in the City.
PATENTS
Quickly secured. OUR FEE DUE WHEN PATENT
OBTAINED. Send model, sketch or. photo, with
description for free report as to patentability. 48-PAGE
HAND-BOOK FREE. Contains references and full
information. WHITE FOR COPT OF OTJR SPECIAL
OFFER. It is the most liberal proposition ever made by
a patent attorney, and EVERY INVENTOR SHOULD
READ IT before applying for patent. Address :
H.B.WILLS0N&CO.
PATENT LAWYERS,
LeDroitBldg.. WASHINGTON, D. C.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
Transact a General Banking Business
Special Attention Given to
Collections
PORTlvAND, OREGON
♦♦+♦ *♦+♦♦♦♦♦+♦+♦♦♦+♦+♦+♦+♦+♦+♦
1 S* G* Skidmore & Co*
Cut-Rate
Druggists
We give special attention to Prescriptions and
the selection of High Grade Bristle Goods.
■J* q>
151 THIRD STREET ♦
Portland, Oregon ^
♦+♦+♦+♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦+ *+♦+
I Klamath Hot Springs
g SISKIYOU CO., CAL,
S Zs mos/^ delightfully located on the Klam-
4b a#i river, 20 miles from Ager, on the
<p 5. P. Co.'s Shasta. Route, at an altitude
J? o/ 2700 feet. There are hot and cold
4r mineral springs, steam baths, and hot mud
<p baths. These Springs ha<ve effected "won-
i? derful cures of rheumatism, gout, dyspep-
5* sia, liver and kidney diseases.
+ Large Stone Hotel.
\% Best of Service. EDSON BROS., Props.
Northwestern Mutual Life
OF MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Grants more Insurance for the Same Cost or the Same Insurance
at Lower Cost than any other Company.
Largest Purely American Company.
Official Reports of State Insurance Departments Represent it to be the
Strongest and Best
For Terms, Address
S. T. L0CKW00D & SON, General Agents,
Concord Building, Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PA CIF1C MONTHL Y-LEOAL DIREC TOR Y.
John H. Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commercial Block, PORTLAND, ORE.
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorneys at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
SAMUEL J. BRUN
Attorney and Counselor at Law
sixth floor, mills building
San Francisco, Cal.
Practices in all the Courts
P.O. BOX 157. TEL. MAIN 387
RODNEY L GLISAN.
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
ROOM 420
CHAMBErCoF COMMERCE.
Portland, Ore.
Library Association of Portland
24,000 Volumes and over 200 Periodicals.
$5.00 a Year and $1.50 a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURJ— From 9 A M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Sundays
and Holidays.
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK.
20lcPounds D® G™*t*t*<t s*ff*r
■ for one dollar
"With all general orders 01
GROCERIES.
A. HEWITT, 374 Washington St.
EDWARD HOLMAN
UNDERTAKER
EMBALMER and
FUNERAL DIRECTOR
280 Yamhill St.
Experienced
Lady Assistant
Alaska Mines ^JJUSt*-
Printed matter describing Alaska sent for 26 Cents in
Stamps.
MILLER & DAVIDSON
JUNEAU, ALASKA
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OP New BOOKS AND MAOAZINES
25 Cents per Month
•* JONES' book: store «■
201 Alder Street, Portland, Oregon
WANTED
A case of bad health that R-I-P-A-N'S will not bene-
fit. R'If'A'N-S, iofor5Cents, or 12 packets for 48 cents,
may be had of all druggists who are willing to sell a
low-priced medicine at a modern profit.
They banish pain and prolong lite.
One gives relief. Accept no substitute.
Note the word RIP A N S on the packet.
Send 5 cents to Ripans Chemical Co., No. 10 Spruce
St., New York, for 10 samples and 1000 testimonials.
THEY REGULATE THE BOWELS.
THEY CURE SICK HEADACHE.
A SINGLE ONE GIVES RELIEF.
In the Pacific Northwest alone
The Pacific Monthly has over 20,000 readers each
month. Advertisers therefore find it a judicious
advertising medium.
Established 1885.
J?ortlanb fl^arble Storks
SCHANEN &, NEU.
Estimates given on application.
268 FIRST street,
Bet. Madison and Jefferson, PORTLAND, OR.
The Californian Combination
A New Sanitary Suit for Baby in Short Clothes
A unique pattern for waist and drawers in one piece with stocking supporter attachment. It fur-
nishes complete protection to the body in flannel, dispenses with bands, petticoats and numerous pins and
buttons.
For Bathing and Gymnasium Costume Unexcelled
For full description see Trained Motherhood, this number.
Pattern with full directions will be mailed upon receipt of 25 cents. Sizes one and two-year old. The
garments in shrunk flannel, natural and white, will be sent upon receipt of Ji.oo. Apply for patterns, cir-
culars and sample garments to Mrs. H. OTIS BRUN, Stanford University, California.
*j»s»s»33s^caes»»»ss3»»s»»sss»»»s»»»:
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PA CIVIC MONTHL Y—ADVER USING SECTION.
vn
| W. C. Noon BagCo.
INCORPORATED 1893.
Manufacturers and Importers of
Bags, Twines, Tents and Awnings,
Flags and Mining Hose.
BAG PRINTING
A SPECIALTY.
32-34 First St. North and 210-212-214-216 Couch St
Portland, Oregon.
H ♦ 4 ♦ ♦ 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 T
I
^O»D»0«o«0«0»d»O»D»3»0«J«O»0»3»O»6»O«O»0»0«O»0»0»0»0«O»O»J8
i ..HATTERS AND FURNISHERS..
Sole Agents for
KNOX HKTS
g 94 Third St.
Portland, Or.
jj? «o *-;•:.*•»'*"•■'•■♦.■•■ » »•••*«•••» e »•••••• ».
Hi
128 SIXTH STREET
Shirts 8c. Collars 2c. Cuffs 4c.
All other work in proportion.
Give us a Trial. Soty f>\on^ 700.
C. C. NEWCASTLE
dentist
GRADUATE MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY
300, 301 and 302
MARQUAM BUILDING.
Portland, Or.
♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦<
I
t
i
|
♦
♦
*
♦
*
I
W. CORBBTT
Vice President
J. W. Nhwkirk
Asst. Cashier
G. E. Withingto*
Cashier
W. C. Alvord
sd Asst. Cashier
First
National Bank
PORTLAND, OREGON
COR. FIRST AND WASHINGTON STS.
Capital, • $500,000.00
Surplus, - 650,000.00
Designated Depositary, and Financial
Agent, United States.
44444 44444 ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦4 44444444 4444
Why Wait
till Christmas
to secure the presents you wish to
give to your friends? A postal card
request will bring you a sample
copy of the
$ HOME JOURNAL
which will tell you how to secure
many beautiful and valuable presents
? ABSOLUTELY FREE
In addition to these magnificent
premiums, each subscriber you se-
cure will receive choice of 200 books,
by standard authors, handsomely
bound, which alone is worth the
price of subscription.
Write to-day to the
Journal Publishing Co.,
408 California St., San Francisco.
T 4 4 4 4 4 4 ♦ 4 4 4 4 4 4 ♦ 4 4 ♦ 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 ♦ ♦ 4 ♦ f
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
▼iii THE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—AD VERTISING SECTION.
MORTGAGE LOANS
On Improved
Portland City Property
In sums from $500 to $500,000 at lowest current interest rates.
Tf-f-lz^c Abstracted and Insured against
I I LIC^ Defect or Loss.
TrtlStS Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND TRUST CO.
FIND US IN OUR NEW OFFICES,
FOURTH STREET ENTRANCE
wm. m. lado, president. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING,
J. THORBURN ROSS, Manager.
T. T. BURKHART, ASST. SECRETARY. PORTLAND, ORE.
L'^'NE^lTttAARn \ MANAGERS IDAHO, ' PORTLAN D , OREGON .
L. E. NEERGAARD, I MONTANA,
♦♦♦THE ♦♦♦
MUTUAL BENEFIT
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
AMZI DODD, President, NEWARK, N. J.
Assets (Market Values) January i, 1899, . . . $67,096,602.40
Liabilities, N. J. and N. Y. Standard, .... 61,702,412.69
Surplus, 5,394,189.71
POLICIES ABSOLUTELY NONFORFEITABLE
AFTER SECOND YEAR.
IN CASE OF LAPSE the Insurance is CONTINUED IN FORCE as long as the value
of the Policy will pay for; or, if preferred, a Cash or Paid-up Policy Value is allowed.
After the second year, Policies are INCONTESTABLE, and all restrictions as to resi
dence, travel or occupation are removed.
The Company agrees in the Policy to Loan up to the Cash Surrender Value when a
satisfactory assignment of the Policy is made as collateral security.
LOSSES paid immediately upon completion and approval of proofs.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
fff\
=-v:> ,- v
Les cMartiqaes — France.
Drawn by Frank V. DuMond,
for The Pacific Monthly.
The Pacific Monthly.
<OoU II
SEPTEMBER, 1899.
'SHb. 5-
The Moral Side of the Philippine War.
<By W. % LORD.
Third article in the series on Expansion. The first, "Imperialism <vs. 'Democracy," by C. E. S.
Wood, appeared in the June issue, and the second, "Why I am an Expansionist," by Wallace
€McCamant, appeared in July.
THE special and pressing question be-
fore the people at this moment is
the war which our government is
carrying on in the Philippines; and in
respect of this, there is one main and
fundamental consideration which must
be, just now before all others, entertain-
ed. The question is not "Is it expedient?
Is it probably or certainly profitable?
but, Is it right?"
The answer to this must be given by
each individual conscience, in the light
of all the facts that are obtainable. I
have read, in different forms, every ar-
gument that advocates of the war have
put forth in its justification, and I can-
not escape the conviction that our gov-
ernment is utterly wrong in its course.
We are waging a war of subjugation
against a people who have a right to be
free to govern themselves. I can find in
no quarter, any denial of tins, except
upon two grounds. First, that whatever
might have been, or should have been,
the Philippine Islands are, as a matter of
fact, a part of the United States, and as
such are already subject to national con-
trol; and that any of these peoples who
resist are in rebellion and are to be
treated as the Southern people were
treated in the Civil war.
The second ground of justification of
the war is that we are bound by interna-
tional obligations to establish and main-
tain a civilized government on the
islands.
What validity has the first ground,
that the Philippine Islands are a part of
the United States?
Dr. E. B. Andrews, ex-president of
Brown University, now superintendent
of schools in Chicago, has remarked
that "the Philippines are as much a part
of the United States as the state of Illi-
nois? Are they?
It does not anywhere appear that
Spain, ever in any substantial sense, pos-
sessed all the islands she had called her
own and which she originally took with-
out the leave of any of their inhabitants.
She had held, for many decades, a part
by force of arms, but through oppres-
sion, she had at last driven the people
to a rebellion that had so far succeeded
that there was but a step between the
Spanish and their transports.
There are two things in this respect
clearly discernible — first, that the Span-
ish, through abuse of their power, had
ceased to have any rights over that peo-
ple, if before they had possessed them.
If ever any people had "a right and
ought to be free," it was the people of
those islands. Second, that as a matter
of fact, they were about free, having won
that freedom by the bitterest struggles
and sufferings.
It is difficult to understand how any
200
THE TAC1FIC MONTH! Y.
one, with moral discernment, can affirm
that Spain had so much as a fraction of
a right to sell this people to another
government. America may, to be sure,
buy the technical claim and promise to
be generous and to give better govern-
ment than the Filipinos would give
themselves; but is the title a moral one?
Again, admit that Spain had full pos-
session of the islands and had in subjec-
tion every inhabitant upon them. Is
anyone prepared to say that a people of
nine million souls may be sold and
bought without so much as a make-be-
lieve consent from them, such as our
government has always sought, even
from our Indian tribes when they were
to be in any way affected by legislation?
The only seemingly fair portion of the
history of the contact of the United
States government with the Indians, is
that some sort of a formal and written
consent has always been obtained from
them before they have been dispossessed
of their lands or otherwise affected. We
have felt in honor — shall we not say in
common decency — bound thus, in form
at least, to treat human beings who were
admittedly untamed savages.
But in the Philippine Islands are peo-
ple not savages, but sufficiently civilized
to command the sincere respect of the
commanders and officers of our army
and navy. And yet these men are to be
taken, as masters once took their pur-
chased slaves in the South, under the ab-
solute control of a national will, to which
they had not even been asked to submit.
It is a part of the record that not only
were their wishes not consulted, but
when they protested in the name of our
own Charter of Liberty, they were not
given so much as a respectful hearing.
If our nation, through events and the
action of its recognized officials in the
East, had not incurred other and what
seem like compelling obligations to the
Filipinos, would not these considerations
alone appear sufficient to a morally sen-
sitive mind?
But the indisputable history of the re-
lations of our national officials in Manila
and neighboring Asiatic ports with the
representative of the inhabitaants of Lu-
zon shows that such obligations were
incurred and afterward coldly and arro-
gantly ignored.
The records in the departments at
Washington prove that Consul-General
Pratt, at Singapore, invited an interview
with Aguinaldo, and in that interview
considered and accepted the following
policy of this recognized Filipino leader:
This policy embraces the independence of
the Philippines, whose internal affairs would
be controlled under European and American
advisers. American protection would be de-
sirable temporarily, on the same lines as that
which might be instituted hereafter in Cuba.
A telegram informed Admiral Dewey
what had been done, and, upon learning
the facts, he telegraphed "Tell Aguinaldo
to come as soon as possible."
Consul Pratt secured passage for this
ally of our government, and, upon his ar-
rival at Manila, Admiral Dewey sent this
dispatch to the Secretary of the Navy:
I have given him to understand that I con-
sider insurgents as friends, being opposed to
a common enemy. He has gone to attend a
meeting of insurgent leaders for the purpose
of forming a civil government.
Notice the last words in this dispatch,
"for the purpose of forming a civil gov-
ernment."
Admiral Dewey was not only the chief
official of the United States in the Phil-
ippines, but he had by authority from
Washington, almost absolute power; the
published state documents declare that
he was authorized to use his discretion.
If Aguinaldo left Admiral Dewey "for I
the purpose of forming a civil govern-
ment," as well as to organize an army J
and equip it with arms and materials fur-
nished by the Admiral, do not after-
events justify the deep chagrin and bit-
ter disappointment of the Filipinos,
when they found themselves cruelly
pushed aside and coldly ignored? Does
it not also justify their later appeal to
arms?
Admitting there was, from Washing-
ton, no authorized understanding be-
tween these government officials and
Aguinaldo that the Filipinos were to
have their independence, still, beyond
dispute, the Filipinos had been led, by
government officials, to expect it, and
the facts show that, at the very least,
there were such relations of friendly and
even enthusiastic co-operation that noth-
ing but the most considerate treatment
of the Filipinos should have been given
THE SMORAL SIDE OF THE PHILIPPINE WAR.
201
by the United States. This, be it said,
was recognized by everybody in the
arm}' and navy in the Phillipines.
When the government at Washington
seemed not to understand the true situ-
ation at Manila, though informed and
warned by officers and private citizens,
and the policy of ignoring our allies was
being carried out, and the policy of con-
quest threatened, Admiral Dewey, in
conversation with the Rev. Clay Mc-
Cauley, a gentleman of the highest
standing in this country and Japan,
spoke much of his concern over the turn
affairs had taken, and added that he "was
powerless to act." Yet at one point in
his remarks he declared: "Rather than
make a war of conquest of this people, I
would up anchor and sail out of the har-
bor."
And Mr. MacCauley, himself, adds:
"Not only did I find the commanders of
our army and navy opposed to annexa-
tion of the Philippine Islands, but more
outspoken in opposition were most of
the officers high in command, both on
the shore and in the fleet."
With full knowledge of what the Fili-
pinos had done under the auspices and
through the invitation of Admiral Dewey
and Consul Pratt, with ample knowl-
edge of the state of tension that the
order to ignore had brought about, Pres-
ident McKinley, on January 5th, ordered
General Otis to issue that fatal proclama-
tion, declaring that the military rule of
the United States should be extended
over the islands of the groups, and that
"the mission of the United States" was
one of "benevolent assimilation," thus
dashing to the earth the last of the
bright expectations of Aguinaldo and his
devoted and patriotic followers.
But there remains still another, and,
of itself, it would seem, a sufficient reas-
on why our title to the Philippine Is-
lands is vitiated, and a war upon their
inhabitants a wrong. And that is that
this nation had given an implicit prom-
ise to the world, and thus to these island-
ers, that the war, undertaken by this
country in behalf of Cuba, should be
without territorial acquisition.
To be sure Cuba was the specific ob-
ject of thought in this declaration, but,
had it then appeared that this solemn
vow of our nation referred only and
technically to Cuba, would it not have
brought forth a just accusation of hypoc-
risy, not alone from other nations, but
from Americans themselves?
A distinguished American who felt
called upon to oppose the Presidential
nominee of the party with which he had
been affiliated, was offered by the Pres-
ident-elect whom he had supported at
much cost of time and money, almost
any place of importance that he might
choose. He replied that moral consider-
ations forbade his acceptance of office or
other emolument from the administra-
tion, lest his motive in the campaign be
misunderstood. He had made no public
vows, when he left his party and fought
the battles of his former opponents, that
he would take no reward at their hands.
But I think everyone recognized in his
course a standard of character which all
may well wish that more of our public
men possessed.
Suppose, however, that this man, of
great political influence, in going over to
the other party's nominee, had, at the
same time, solemnly and publicly declar-
ed that no gift at the hands of the party
he was about to serve, would be received,
and, after the battle had been fought and
the victory had been won, he had pub-
licly confessed that his voluntary prom-
ise related only to a cabinet position,
while, before all his fellow-countrymen,
he accepted an appointment to be minis-
ter at the Court of St James — could any
excuses of biographers or historians save
his character to posterity?
But there is also on record an explicit
promise given by our chief magistrate.
"Forcible annexation," to quote his
words, "cannot be thought of. That, by
our code of morality, would be criminal
aggression."
Can it be said, then, that the United
States holds a moral title to the Philip-
pine Islands?
The second ground of justification of
the war is that we are bound by interna-
tional obligations to establish and main-
tain civilized government on the islands.
The frank assumption in this statement
is, that the Filipinos are not, themselves,
sufficiently civilized to protect life and
property, and in other respects to con-
202
THE "PACIFIC mONTHLV.
duct civil government.
What is the evidence upon the position
taken?
To be sure not all who have been in
the islands and have reported their ob-
servations, agree; but, taking the con-
sensus of opinion of the most competent,
it is to the effect that these people are
capable of a measurably civilized ad-
ministration of their own affairs.
Let us begin with the judgment of
Admiral Dewey himself, who has been
longest in contact with this people.
His oft-quoted words, uttered before the
Philippine war began, were, "These peo-
ple are far superior in their intelligence
and more capable of self-government
than the natives of Cuba; and I am
familiar with both races, " and later, his
words to Mr. MacCauley, already quot-
ed, "Rather than make a war of conquest
of this people, I would up-anchor and
sail out of the harbor."
And Mr. Barrett, who is well known
in Portland, in an article in the Forum,
urging the conquest and the appropria-
tion of the islands, upon commercial
grounds, gives his testimony as to the
fitness of these people to organize and
conduct a government. After seeing the
hundred men who compose the Philip-
pine congress, he writes:
They would compare in behavior, manner,
dress and education with the average men of
the better classes of other Asiatic nations,
possibly including the Japanese. These men,
whose sessions I repeatedly attended, con-
ducted themselves with great decorum, and
showed a knowledge of debate and parlia-
mentary law that would not compare un-
favorably with the Japanese parliament. The
executive portion of the government was
made up of a ministry of bright men who
seemed to understand their respective posi-
tions. Each general division was subdivided
with reference to practical work.
This is not a picture of a savage coun-
cil.
Commander Ford, the fleet engineer
oi the Asiatic squadron, who has recent-
lv returned to his home in Baltimore,
speaks very positively, and in accord-
ance with many private advices from
officers of his fleet. He says:
The Filipinos pictured in the sentimental
papers are not the men we are fighting. The
fellows we deal with out there are not ignor-
ant savages, fighting with bows and arrows,
but are intelligent, liberty-loving people, full
of courage and determination. The idea that
the Filipino is an uncivilized being is a mis-
taken one. They have the intellect and the
stamina to govern themselves, and have done
it for 300 years, although under the rule of
Spain. They were the clerks, the bookkeep-
ers, the assessors, and managed the entire
machinery of government. While they fight
for entire freedom, all they ask is a chance
for life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness,
and they care not whether it be a republic
of their own or some form devised for them
by the United States.
And General Charles A. Whittier, late
of General Merritt's staff in the Philip-
pines, speaks to the same effect:
But after a little while, with my changed
estimate of the Filipino character, seeing
their order, industry, frugality, temperance,
tolerance of danger and fatigue, and when I
reviewed their struggle for independence, the
brutalities inflicted upon them for years by
the Spaniards, their dignity and skill, it
seemed to me our duty to use them and our
own credit and resources in making a great
country, as I believe it could have been made.
But it is not necessary to go by opin-
ions, even of the competent. We may
ask, rather, "Have the Tagals, the prin-
cipal people against whom war is being
waged, shown that they are sufficiently
civilized, and have capacity for self-gov-
ernment.
Except in Manila and vicinity, for a
long time, the only government in Lu-
zon was administered by the Filipinos,
and the reports of the conditions under
that government are uniformly in its
favor. There was no disorder till the
fire and sword of the American army
swept everything in their path into con-
fusion. There was peace in those self-
governed islands.
Last autumn Admiral Dewey sent two
young officers through Luzon, and their
report, now issued from Washington,
shows us, beyond question, that there
was the strictest order, the persons and
property, even, of foreigners, being per-
fectly protected.
And Sergeant Andreae and Mr.
Reeves, of our signal corps, who made
several journeys at about the same time,
covering over 150 miles, describe the
same conditions of industry and peace,
with universal hospitality and kindness.
They traveled anywhere unarmed. Dur-
ing the months that the Filipinos held
their capital, Malolos, till our army en-
tered, the municipal government was al-
together satisfactory.
THE mORAL SIDE OF THE PHILIPPINE WAR.
203
The more we learn of the character of
the true Aguinaldo, the more it appears
that he is not only extraordinarily capa-
ble, but altogether honest. The account
of him, given in the August Harper's
Magazine, by Lieut. Calkins, U. S. N.,
gathered from the Spanish archives
(surely not prejudiced in his favor) in
Manila, ought to set at rest all disputes
respecting either his character' or his
power.
That a native Filipino government
will, in all respects, answer to our wishes,
no one will contend. But, reflecting up-
on our own failings in democratic gov-
ernment, we surely are prepared to be
patient with considerable short-comings
in others.
It seems, however, that we are under
another moral obligation to the Filipinos
to stop fighting and help them establish
themselves in government.
It is now known from all soldiers and
civilians who were in the Philippine Is-
lands at the time that hostilities broke
out, that the war was entirely unneces-
sary— that, had our government, through
its representatives on the ground, treat-
ed the leaders and the Philippine army
with consideration, there never would
have been the tension that led to the
rupture. So unanimously is this opinion
entertained, even by returned private
soldiers, that it is not necessary to do
more than state it. All agree that a
great blunder was made in that the Fili-
pino leaders were not taken in council
and given the consideration which their
ability, their service and their position
naturally required.
It was this policy, first, of cold ignor-
ing, and then of absolute surrender to
the military authority of the United
States, without condition or considera-
tion, that made all the sad trouble that
has followed.
If our government is thus responsible
for all the death and destruction that
have come to this brave and resolute
people, are not the words of that most
distinguished fighter, General Funston,
explained?
A little less gunpowder and a little more
diplomacy! Give them some assurance and
actual demonstration of our good will and
friendship for them and thought of their
welfare. Win them into our confidence. It
can be done.
And still again, we must ever bear irt
mind that the trouble goes back to the
fact that our government did not from
the first assume that our attitude toward
the Philippine Islands should be exactly
what it was toward Cuba. The only
thing that kept the Cuban army and the
Cuban people from open hostility to the
presence of our army in their island was-
the solemn vow of the American nation,-
through its representatives, that we had-
no intention of forcing our sovreignty
upon them. The army of the United
States is in Cuba today to help the people
to establish law and order, and faith in
our promise and declared intention
makes out stay tolerated if not welcome.
Is there any answer to the question,
why, from the beginning, all possibility
of misunderstanding was not thus pre-
cluded with the Filipinos? A people
more intelligent, better civilized, more
capable of self-government, according to
Admiral Dewey, and yet we never gave
them the assurance that we gave an in-
ferior people.
So far we have spoken of our moral
relations to the Filipinos only. There
are other peoples whose rights are in-
volved. The cost of this war is already
running our National Treasury behind
not less than one hundred and fiftv
millions a year. It means pensions
for two generations. It means tax-
ation, not equally distributed over
the wealth of this country, but, as
always in the history of the world,
the poor must bear the greater portion
of it. Is the thing we are after so
necessary as to make the imposition of
this burden right?
But if we admit as true all that has
thus far been set forth, the most serious
question just now seems to many to be:
"Being involved in the war, is it not nec-
essary to fight it to a finish, leaving the
matter of the political disposition of the
people to the future. What else can we
now do?"
That great man in American historv,
Bishop Phillips Brooks, when taking h'is
turn as pastor of Harvard College, for a
few weeks, was consulted by one of the
students about a quarrel in which he was
204
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
involved with some of his fellow-stu-
dents. The Bishop listened attentively
and then said: "Mr. A., think this over
for a day, leaving yourself out of account
and then tell me how it stands." The
next day the young man met the Bishop
upon the campus and said, with a smile
of satisfaction, "Bishop Brooks, I find if
I leave myself out, there is no further
question." The Bishop did not mean by
his advice, that there was to be any
wrong waived by the student, he only
meant that a purely selfish consideration
was to be left out of the discussion.
Now, can any one doubt that, if Amer-
ca should leave herself out of the quesi-
tion (in a selfish sense), peace in the
Philippines could be secured as soon as
the cable could send the message to Ma-
nila? Do not all questions become sim-
ple, when we want only to do the right?
"If thine eye be single, thine whole bodv
shall be full of light."
But if the notion, "an eye to the main
chance" is allowed to dominate the man
and the nation, there is indefinite death
(and cost beyond all possible commer-
cial returns) before us.
There are some who talk of an "honor-
able" escape from the entanglement. If
by "honorable" we mean the true honor
of right, and not the false Spanish honor
of wrong, to save our pride, the honor-
able way is also simple. If King George
had sent a commission composed of Pitt,
Fox and Burke to the American colonies
after the battles of Concord, Lexington
and Bunker Hill, with power to deal just-
ly with the people whose cause they h"-'
befriended in the English Parliament,
the true honor of Great Britain would
have been saved. A commission of true
Americans, who are at the same time
recognized as friends of the Filipinos,
can settle the Philippine war as soon as
they can meet Aguinaldo and his com-
patriots.* Meanwhile, an armistice.
Such a course would be labeled
"weak," as it has been by men whose
watchword has been "virility" in national
action, and who through the epithets —
"milksop," "Aunties," "Feminine mind-
ed men," and even "Traitors," have
used the time-honored weapons of those
conscious of a weak cause, and often of
a concealed purpose.
But, in conclusion, let the American
world be reminded that, whatever our
theological differences are, all agree
that Jesus of Nazareth laid down the
lines of an ideal manhood. If he did,
there is a higher "virility" in individual
and nation, in daring to be just and
generous in the face of the world, than
in using consciously superior physical
force to bring a weak and wronged peo-
ple to their knees.
*The commission sent to the Philippines
was not so constituted. Not one of its mem-
bers was known to the natives as having
been friendly, and one member, Mr. Denby,
who is suspected of having dominated the
body, is on record as holding the following
sentiments:
"We have the right as conquerors to hold
the Philippines. We have the right to hold
them as part payment of a war indemnity.
This policy may be characterized as unjust
to Spain, but it is the result of the fortunes
of war. All nations recognize that the con-
queror may dictate the terms of peace. I am
in favor of holding the Philippines, because
I cannot conceive of any alternative to our
doing so, except the seizure of territory in
China, . . . and I prefer to hold them
rather than to oppress further the helpless
government and people of China.
"The cold, hard, practical question alone
remains: Will the possession of these is-
lands benefit us as a nation? If it will not,
set them free tomorrow, and let their people,
if they please, cut each other's throats, or
play what pranks they please. To this com-
plexion we must come at last, that, unless it
is beneficial for us to hold these islands, we
should turn them loose." — Forum, February,
1899.
Natewan.
<By cADONEN.
OUR regiment was stationed at Fort
Laramie that spring, and as the
Indians were quiet, we had little to
<io, after the regular drill, except to hunt,
iish, and explore the distant hills. This
last occupation was left almost entirely
to Captain Arley Vane and myself. I
was an orderly then, young, strong, and
with high hopes. Arley Vane, our hand-
some, dashing captain, was idolized by
his command, and favored by women of
whatever degree. He was as generously
unspoiled as the humblest private in the
company. We understood rather than
knew, that he had a wife and children
somewhere in the Eastern states; but in
the two years I had known him, though
he wrote home frequently enough, there
Avas always some excuse for spending his
vacations in the West.
Well, the rainy winter season was over
at last, and we two had been out since
morning, riding where we could, clamb-
ering over rocks and leading our horses
where, as Vane said, "A mountain goat
would be dizzy."
At length we halted beneath great,
overhanging rocks, and gazed down the
steep pass, at the foot of which the river
wound its way through the green ranges,
covered with purple blossoms, and
grazed upon by hundreds of wild horses.
The wind came sweeping up, sweet with
the perfume of miles of flowers, and the
joy of life that comes with the awakening
of nature thrilled our hearts.
"Look," said Vane, and turning I saw
a voung girl standing on a broken pine
log but a few rods to our right. She was
holding a horse's bridle over her arm and
intently regarding us.
I had only time to observe that she
wore the usual dress of an Indian wo-
man, but that her hair was a rippling
brown instead of the straight black locks
worn by the dusky maidens of that local-
itv, when, with a piercing cry, she beck-
oned us, and flinging herself on the
ground, called in a voice sharp with ag-
ony: "Help! quick — quick!"
We both sprang toward her. My
horse obeyed my jerk at the bridle, but
Vane's hung back and his master bound-
ed away, reaching the girl's side at the
moment a huge boulder came crashing
down on the spot we had just left, carry-
ing the captain's horse with it, and whirl-
ing a sulphurous dust twenty feet above
its path, till it plunged with a thunder-
ous splash into the river
Involuntary Vane grasped the girl's
hands, and I was speechless as I remem-
bered that, but for her presence of mind
in calling for help, instead of warning us
of danger, we should have certainly been
lying with Vane's poor gray, an indis-
tinguishable mass at the foot of the cliff.
She was the first to speak, and the
color began to come back to a clear, ivory
complexion that is peculiar to one type
of half-breed. She spoke English per-
fectly; and when we questioned her, she
said she was educated by the Jesuit
priests who had lived among the Indians
before the Fort was built. She volun-
teered to conduct us home by a shorter
route than we knew, and generously in-
sisted upon the captain riding' behind
her, as my horse would not carry double.
The nearness of our approach to a
shocking- death chilled me, and I wa.-'
glad to reach the Fort, with its half-doz-
en outlying cabins, but the captain and
our little guide were so interested in the
conversation they were engaged in, that
I do believe they would have lengthened
the miles, if sure I would not detect
them. The surgeon's wife made Nate-
wan, for that was our benefactor's name,
comfortable for the night, and we detain-
ed her as long as we might next day.
When at length she rode away it was
with an early-fulfilled promise to visit us.
and soon she spent most of her time in
the motherly care of the surgeon's wife.
Though we all had our thoughts, we
206
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
were not obliged to speak them, when
our captain galloped over the prairie
with her in the sunny mornings, or when
in the quiet twilight, to the lazy swing of
a hammock, we heard his rich voice ring
out in such old songs as "Annie Laune,"
and "Juanita." They looked so bright
and happy together that we would not
see the evil days we still felt must come.
The captain spoke of his wife more fre-
quently now; we knew why, and re-
spected him for it. Natewan's sparkling
face never clouded at the mention of
Mrs. Vane. She was like some joyous,
unthinking child.
"I never interfered," the surgeon's wife
once told me, "till I found the child had
taken to keeping his clothes in order.
She was sewing on buttons and brushing
his uniform, with that look on her face
that a woman wears but for one man. I
spoke to her then, as I would to my own
daughter, but she just turned her great,
dark eyes upon me with an indescribably
pleading look and said: 'You know I
don't believe there is any life beyond the
grave; we die, and that is the end. Do
let me be happy this little while till it is
all over.' She is a real little heathen,"
the surgeon's wife ended with a sigh,
"yet how we all love her."
I don't know what Captain Vane
thought of the situation ; but I do know
he would have been missed from a drill,
rather than leave the quarters without a
word from the little half-breed.
But one day we had a sort of social
earthquake; old things passed away,
and all became new. In other words,
the captain's wife, with her three child-
ren, came to give him a surprise. In
this they succeeded perfectly. The very
Indians squatted about the camp knew
her arrival was unexpected.
I tried to see Natty, for so we called
our dark-eyed guest, but for three days
she avoided me. Then she came out
where I was taking an inventory of my
horse's saddle-galls, and said such des-
perate things she made me shudder, and
I mentally decided that Indian blood was
cruel, wherever a drop of it went. But
I had no fear that she would injure the
captain's wife, after having once seen
her. She was one of those angelic wo-
men we sometimes read of, but rarely
meet. I hardly noticed that her eyes
were like spring violets, her hair a crown
of burnished gold, and her complexion
like the delicate pink tinting on rare
china. No, I could only admire the
guileless sweetness of her expression.
She was the most amiable human being
I have known in a lifetime. Her faith in
the world was as boundless as her piety.
A short acquaintance with Mrs. Vane
convinced me that no sane person could
desire to injure her; also- that a man of
the captain's temperament must be un-
bearably bored by this monotonous
sweetened honey, though Natewan seem-
ed to find it irresistable.
She was soon quite at home with the
family, teaching the children her moth-
er's language, telling them stories of In-
dian life, and so completely winning the
heart of the baby four-year-old, that he
would go to sleep only in her arms; and
yet the poor child looked like a little
ghost, with her sorrowful young face, and
her Dig dark eyes had a tortured look as
Mrs. Vane caressed her husband, that re-
minded me of a trapped but patient ani-
mal. And lovely Mrs. Vane went about
with a smile in her eyes, dimples in her
peach-blow cheeks, loving everyone in
general and Vane and Natty in particu-
lar. But the captain's changed face and
grave voice made me secretly renounce
matrimony forever. Of course we gos-
sipped, we of the regiment, but just
among ourselves, you know. Some
blamed Vane, some Natewan. Most of
us were sorry for them, but it is delight-
ful to criticise others in their thumb-
screws— so much nicer than being under
inspection one's self.
Other subjects frequently diverted us,
and one was when one of the leading In-
dians, a giant in size, went stark, raving
mad on the question of ridding the
country of the ever-encroaching whites.
He killed an Indian and assaulted a
soldier before we succeeded in securing
him in the dilapidated old guard-house.
There he sat, sullenly refusing to eat and
constantly repeating: "There shall be
no more come — no more." This took my
mind from the captain's troubles for a
time, but I was recalled to them one
morning as we were going to target
practice. '
8KATEWAN.
207
Natewan was coming np to the quar-
ters and we waited for a word with her.
"The boys might take me for a target,
.Natty," Vane said, with forced gaJty, so
I waited to say a farewell to you. You
know you say there is no hereafter."
She looked up in his face and spoke
quickly as if the words escaped against
her will: 'There is a life beyond the
grave, Captain Arley; to be lovingly re-
membered after you are buried out of
sight is to be immortal. We die only
when forgotten. Then the children came
running to meet her, and we passed on.
What followed Mrs. Vane afterwards
told me, when she was calm enough to
talk coherently.
She was sewing on her little daughter's
dress, and, outside the open window,
Natty was teaching the children to make
little teepes, with bits of cloth for cover-
ings. Suddenly the maniac Indian dash-
ed through the door, torn and disheveled
by the effort he had made to escape, his
face dripping with desperation and spat-
tered by an awful red shower. He held
in one hand an axe he had picked up on
his way. The other hand clutched the
severed head of the surgeon's faithful
wife. Dropping the ghastly head upon
the floor he seized the horrified woman
in a pitiless grasp and shouted:
"The maidens and children may go,
but every wife and mother I will kill."
Natewan sprang through the window
as he spoke. Now catching the arm in
which he held the upraised axe, she said:
"I am the wife and mother, this woman
is a maiden."
Releasing his hold on the almost-faint-
ing woman, he gathered the girl's dark
hair in his gory hand, and asked wildly,
"You wife? Me kill you?"
There was a moment of dreadful
silence. What swift vision of the man
she loved, set free by his wife's death,
may have come to tempt the little hero-
ine in that last struggle, we shall never
know. She looked down at the distorted
face of her friend— the death-filmed eyes
staring from the yelloish-waxen face —
the oozing blood creeping to her own
feet. She looked up at the murderous
face above her — at the suspended axe,
glittering through its horrible stains.
Then she said in a low voice, to the wife
who leaned against her: "Fly to your
husband, don't speak — run — run!" "
And drawing herself up to her full
heighth, she turned her dress back from
round her throat, and meeting those
glaring eyes, she said steadily, "I am the
wife. Strike."
As the captain's wife fled from the
house, she met us returning from prac-
tice. Vane was first to reach the room,
but other hands than his tore the shapely
little head from the murderer's hands
and laid it beside its bleeding trunk.
How real it all seems as I tell it again ;
yet it happened long ago. The Fort is
abandoned. A city has sprung up where
the river curved below the pass. Poor
Natty has slept in her grave more years
than she lived. Above her the cattle
graze by day, and coyotes howl by night;
but when I recently met Captain, now
Colonel Vane, he still treasured a tress
of dark brown hair, and I knew the little
half-bred girl was still immortal.
Life's Repetition.
All our joys for coming morrow,
Mingle with the yester's sorrow ;-
All our hopes and all our fears
Are but reprints of dead years!
Each desire its fate may see
In desires now ceased to be!
We can clasp no dream to heart,
But it turns its faee apart
Seeing, down the distant past,
Faint its likeness long outcast.
Each year's story when 'tis done,
But repeats some former one!
(Adelaide Tugh.
Poems of Washington.
The Pacific Monthly will publish from month to month poetty that is distinctive of the Pacific Coast,
and which time and criticism have given a recognized standing. Poems of Oregon were publ.shed in June,
and Poems of California in August.
December.
<By HERBERT <BASHFORD.
Heaps of leaves on the wet earth lying,
Dead ferns robing the rocky hill,
Fallow field and tall fir sighing,
Barren boughs that are never still.
Flocks of crows in the woodland cawing,
Wind-wound grass where the creek goes by,
Over the waters the wild ducks drawing,
Long black lines on the leaden sky.
Pale seas sobbing on ragged reaches-
Sorrowful mourners bowed in prayer —
Wide-winged gulls with sharp, shrill screeches
Piercing like poniards the misty air.
Bleak, chill night and drear rain falling,
Cheerless morn all clad in gray,
Only the weary south-wind calling,
Only the loon on the lonely bay.
Parting.
<By ELLA HIGGINSON.
Lord, Lord, we cannot pray tonight,
Our lips are reft of speech.
But we two clinging, shaking, kneel,
Hearts beating each on each.
There are deep kisses on our lips,
Deep with all chaste desire,
And every vein is running full
With keen delicious fire.
And oh, the pulses in our palms! —
Feel, God, how strong they beat!
How can we bid our lips to pray
In hours so silent sweet?
But though we cannot pray tonight,
Each kiss is one deep plea
That Thou wilt keep me true to him,
And him — Lord, Lord! — to me.
When the Birds Go North Again.
<By ELLA HIGGINSON.
And every year hath its winter,
And every year hath its rain —
But a day is always coming
When the birds go North again.
When new leaves swell in the forest,
And grass springs green on the plains,
And the alder's veins turn crimson —
And the birds go North again.
Oh every heart hath its sorrow,
And every heart hath its pain —
But a day is always coming,
When the birds go North again.
'Tis the sweetest thing to remember,
If courage be on the wane,
When the cold, dark days are over,
And the birds go North again.
Probable Issues of the Next Campaign.
Vy JUDGE cA. H. TANNER.
IN LESS than a year the national
conventions of the various polit-
ical parties will be held and the
candidates for President and Vice-Pres-
ident nominated. Upon what issues
and under what leadership the great po-
litical battle of 1900 will be fought out,
is already being discussed by the press
and the people. That it will be an active,
energetic campaign and one fought with
great interest to the future welfare of the
republic goes without saying.
Everybody knows where the Republi-
can party stands and is likely to stand in
the coming campaign, both as to plat-
form and candidates. An element of un-
certainty is occasioned by the chaotic
condition of the opposition. So much
depends upon their action that one can-
not much more than guess at their plat-
form or candidate. Will they unite again,
as in 1896, under the leadership of Mr.
Bryan, or will they break up into sepa-
rate organizations with separate plat-
forms and candidates? In the latter
place we would have the Democratic
party platform and candidates; the Peo-
ples party platform and candidates; the
Silver Republican party platform and
candidates; the National or Gold Demo-
cratic party platform and candidates,
and perhaps others yet to be heard from.
All these discordant elements crying
aloud in favor of their respective remedies
for existing evils would be worse than
the confusion of tongues No one, not
even a prophet, could predict what they
would declare for or who would be their
candidates. I certainly shall not attempt
to do so.
It is assumed by the writer of this ar-
ticle, from the present indications,
that the Democratic, Peoples and
Silver Republican parties will unite
in a general spirit of opposition to
the Republican party, upon some
such plan as in 1896, and that William J.
Bryan will be their candidate for Presi-
dent. He is the only man in the country,
in my judgment, around whom these
discordant elements could rally in the
general hope of success. He enjoys the
unique distinction of being at the same
time a good Democrat, a good Populist
and a good Silver Rejublican, and this
very fact makes him the logical — the in-
evitable candidate of those parties.
This will mean undoubtedly a re-af-
firmance of the Chicago platform of
1896, with an anti-expansion and anti-
trust plank added, for Mr. Bryan makes
the Chicago platform the sine que non of
his political faith. It is doubtful if he
would accept the nomination upon a
platform differing in any substantial par-
ticular from that upon which he ran in
1896.
The Chicago platform, it will be re-
membered, declared for the free coinage
of silver at the ratio of 16 to 1 without
"waiting for the aid or consent of any
other nation"; tariff for revenue only;
against federal interference with insur-
rections or riots in the states; for an in-
come tax; for "home rule'' whatever that
was intended to mean; and opposed life
tenure in public service, which was prac-
tically an assault upon the civil service
law. The Peoples party and the Silver
Republicans adopted separate platforms,
but distinctly waived for the campaign
all questions, excepting the free coinage
of silver, which was declared by each of
them to be the vital issue and they will
doubtless find some such pretext for ac-
cepting the platform which Mr. Bryan
will dictate for the campaign of 1900,
which, as already suggested, will be sub-
stantially the Chicago platform with an
anti-expansion and anti-trust plank add-
ed.
The Republican party, on the other
hand, will declare for the doctrine for
which it has steadily contended since the
date of its organization, that the duties
on imported goods shall be so levied as
to protect American industries and
American labor from the baleful influ-
210
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
ence of foreign competition, and com-
monly referred to as protective tariff in
eontra-distinction from the "tariff for
revenue only" doctrine of the Democrat-
ic party; it will also declare for the exist-
ing gold standard and in opposition to
the free coinage of silver, except by in-
ternational agreement; for reciprocity;
for maintaining the civil service law in
its just and proper application; for the
protection of life, liberty and property in
every part of the public, and for the ex-
ercise of federal power for that purpose
where state authorities are unable or un-
willing to do so; for a pure ballot and
fair count; for maintaining the dignity
and honor of the Uuited States in every
part of the world, and for such increase
in our Army and Navy as may be neces-
sary to accomplish this end; for retain-
ing the Phillipines, Guam, Porto Rico
and Hawaii, now formally ceded to the
United States, and ior maintaining the
rightful authority of the United States
as the sovereign power therein, and ex-
tending over these islands a just and
humane form of government; for such
a policy towards Cuba as will result in
the ultimate peaceable annexation there-
of to the United States; and for more
effective legislation against Trusts and
combinations of capital to control prices
of products to the end that such trusts
and combinations may be destroyed.
There will doubtless be minor matters
referred to in the various platforms, but
the foregoing is sufficient to indicate
what the great leading issues of the cam-
paign will be, and these may be summar-
ized as follows: Expansion, the tariff,
the money question, the extent of federal
authority in the matter of suppressing
insurrections and riots in the states.
There will be no issue in regard to the
Trusts for the simple reason that all
parties will unite in denouncing trusts in
the most vehement manner. The only
way the question of trusts will enter into
the campaign will be in the discussion
of the tariff. It will doubtless be con-
tended, as it has in former campaigns,
that a protective tariff is the mother of
trusts and monopolies, but it will be
shown that such is not the case, else
why is it that in Free Trade England
nearly two hundred great trusts exist,
and why is it that in this country trusts
exist in articles that are, and have
been for years, on the free list?
The fact _ is that trusts exist ir-
respective of the tariff and in spite
of it; nor can they be controlled
to any great extent by federal legisla-
tion, from the fact that they exist un-
der state legislation. The only way they
can.be effectually suppressed is by dras-
tic measures on the part of the state un-
der whose laws they have been brought
into being, and are suffered to exist. A
great many people will see less evil in
being subject to the machinations of
home trusts, which can be reached and
dealt with, than foreign trusts which can-
not be reached or effected by our laws.
They will continue to believe that if they
must be plucked by the trusts they would
prefer it to be done by a home trust than
a foreign trust.
The great overshadowing issue of the
campaign, in my judgment, is going to
be the question of Expansion, so-called.
It will rise above dollars — without they
shall be of gold or silver; above tariff
schedules— whether they shall be high or
low, — because it involves the welfare
and future condition oi millions of hu-
man beings. Shall they have the benefit
of our Christian faith and civilization, or
shall they be left to grope in the darkness
of ignorance and superstition? Shall
they have the blessings of free govern-
ment and enlightened liberty, or shall
they continue in their half civilized and
half savage state, a prey to anarchy and
outrage? Shall our flag planted on these
islands by the heroism, devotion and
blood of our brave soldiers and sailors,
be hauled down because a few Malays,
Negroes and Chinese insist upon it?
Being the owner of these islands by a
perfect and indefeasable title, shall we
maintain our sovereignty there, or shall
we depart at. the first hostile demonstra-
tion, and apologise to all the world for
having sought to relieve the people
thereof from oppression and injustice?
These and such as these are the ques-
tions with which the voters of the United
States are giong to be confronted, and
which they will have to answer in the
next Presidential election.
The tariff and money questions are
TROBABLE ISSUES OF THE NEXT CAMPAIGN.
2lt
old and have been discussed until they
are worn threadbare, but in the question
of expansion we have something new —
an issue that will increase the interest
and widen the vision of the people of the
United States as the campaign draws on,
and one to the discussion and solution of
which will be brought their highest pa-
triotism and best judgment.
As to Cuba, it will be contended that
any attempt to annex it, would be con-
trary to the pledges made by Congress
at the beginning of the Spanish War
"and inconsistent with national honor."
The resolution of Congress passed
March 28, 1898, declares "That the
United States disclaims any disposition
or intention to exercise sovereignty, jur-
isdiction or control over said island, ex-
cept for the pacification thereof, and as-
serts its determination when this is ac-
complished to leave the government and
control of the island to its people."
The following clause is found in the
late treaty with Spain:
"Article 1. Spain renounces all sov-
ereignty over Cuba. Whereas said isle
when vacated by Spain is to be occupied
by the United States, the United States
while the occupation continues, shall
take upon themselves and fulfill the ob-
ligations which, by the fact of occupa-
tion, international law interposes on
them for the protection of life and prop-
erty."
It will be seen from this resolution
that the United States declares its inten-
tion to exercise sovereignty and control
over the island for the pasification there-
of— establishing peace and order — and
the treaty with Spain imposes on the
United wStates the duty of protecting life
and property while in possession. Now,
it will be poor diplomacy, as it seems to
me, if, by the time the island is pacified,
the people are not ready to vote for an-
nexation to the United States. So the
real question will be whether peaceable
annexation is desirable on the part of the
United States, and, whether we should
pursue a policy calculated to bring about
such peaceable annexation or not.
The Musical Woodpeckers of Burnt l^iver.
A Sketch.
<=By CA TAIN CLEVELAND %OCKWELL.
AFTER a cool or frosty night in July
among the Southern slopes of the
Blue mountains in Eastern Ore-
gon, the rays of the morning sun shoot
brightly through the forest aisles, blaz-
ing like carbuncles aslant the cinnamon-
colored stems of the larch and yellow
pine. Beneath the sombre canopy of
needles overhead they strike and glint in
emerald and opaline hues across the gen-
tly-descending slopes below the higher
peaks.
To breathe the pure ether at this in-
spiring hour, before the fierce direct rays
of the sun have raised the odor of the
dusty ground, is both a privilege and a
luxury, and fills the breast with gratitude
for life. No undergrowth obstructs the
endless forest vista of beautiful swelling
slopes clothed in the greenest grass —
the only limit to the vision the array of
tree trunks, en silhouette, against the
distance. In this region, between the
Powder and Burnt rivers, opposite
Sumpter, Oregon, is the home of the
Musical Woodpecker.
Three-Cent Gulch. Euphonious name
— how unpoetical, how sordid ! Yet,
when the large, bright scales of yellow
gold stare boldly through the last few
wet stones in the gold-pan, how practi-
cal! Three-Cent Gulch! — how lone-
212
THE "PACIFIC MONTHLY.
some! Not a cabin in sight! Not a liv-
ing thing! Stay — a chipmunk darts
along, straight tail aloft. That cloud of
dust? — the passing stage or an ore team
from the Bonanza mine.
Hark! what bell is that? Doubtless a
band of horses grazing along the Gulch.
What? no horses there? Well! — It is a
flock of musical mimics going their
rounds, making the forest ring with
their melodious sounds. The little bird,
not larger than a dove, is a veritable
musician.
The birds did not appear daily, and
were apparently filling their engagements
in a leisurely manner. They had adopted
•or mimiced the exact musical note of a
bell worn by one of a herd of horses,
straying in the vicinity — not only was
the tone the same, but also the time, as
when the bell is rapidly shaken through
the torment of a persistent fly around
the ear.
Here is the equivalent musical expres-
sion :
#
5
m
"Jfc
ffP,T,f,
and occasionally adding the last note
in fainter tones.
They had apparenty selected the trees,
and the particular spots on the trees
where those notes could be produced,
and rapped out their challenge from the
location of their favorite instruments.
The notes rang out clear and musical
in the distance in a true and (if I may
coin a simile) cup-like tone. I found,
after experimenting with my briar-wood
pipe on a dead tree where the bark was
loose but not fallen, I could imitate the
tone which varied on the musical scale
according to the closeness of the bark to
the wood.
I could hear some of this party of trou-
badours trying the same tune — and ob-
serving the precise time — on dry, solid
wood, but no music was produced and
they soon abandoned the spot. No
metronome kept time more closely than
these little fellows.
Hammer and listen for an answer,
and listen as, no doubt, many have seen
the Yellow Hammer, perched on the
gable end of an old barn, hammer out
his ringing challenge on the dry, re-
sounding board, much to his own enter-
tainment.
Three-Cent Gulch! How dry! How
lonesome! No running water — scarcely
a spring from which a cool drink can be
had. The day is waning, the blazing
sun has long passed the meridian, and the
air of high altitudes shows that evening
is near. How dusty! How dry! How
absolutely still and lifeless is the air?
No!
PPFfgg^^
9
Mizpah.
The Lord keep watch 'tween thee and me,
when absent from each other. * * *
He, watching Israel,
sleeps.
Though half a mighty nation
Between we two may be,
Yet he who planned creation,
Keeps watch 'tween thee and me.
The grand old Bible teacheth,
And all our lives as well,
He slumbers not nor sleepeth,
Who guarded Israel.
slumbereth not nor
Then never let doubt smother
The faith that surely He,
When absent from each other,
Keeps watch 'tween me and thee,
While each in honor keepeth
The way that to her fell,
He slumbers not, nor sleepeth,
Who watched o'er Israel.
cAdonen.
The Voice of the Silence.
Began in January number.
Chapter XII.
// A ND so you are going away."
l\ "Will you miss me? — Ah, for-
give the question, Nellie. I
know you will. But it is best that I go.
I have idled here too long and now I am
going back to the world — not the world
I have known — of wealth, frivolity and
fashion, but to the great underworld of
pain and poverty whose shadow rests
even upon the lives of those who heed
it least."
The two girls were in the cabin, sitting
together in the dusky gloom of the wan-
ing afternoon. The level rays of the set-
ting sun gilded the tops of the tossing
pines, and turned the river, at ebb
against a north wind, to a turbulent gold-
en flood. The little boy, Nanita's son,
was playing in his noiseless fashion upon
the doorstep. Nellie's glance rested upon
him for a moment.
"How handsome he is!" she said in
an undertone to Elise, and added, "How
fond he is of you! Of course you will
take him with you?"
"Of course. Is he not all I have that
is my very own, my closest kin?"
Nellie looked at her, but half under-
standing. There were many things
about her friend that passed her com-
prehension but this did not interfere
with their affection for each other. "And
Odin," she said, "does he advise your
going?"
"He does not oppose it."
"He will miss you more even than I,
if that were possible." And she sighed
unconsciously.
"Yes," replied Elise, "but I shall
write often, and after all it is upon Odin
I depend for help and advice and di-
rection in all my work. He is my tower
of strength. Ah me! I wish — I wish
that he could be happier."
Nellie suppressed the question that
rose to her lips as unworthy a friend.
But she wondered wearily why it was
that fate wove such tangled threads into
life's many-colored fabric."
When Odin came between the day-
light and the dark to take her home, and
they rowed slowly back to the village,
hugging the shore to avoid the strength
of the tide, she spoke to him of his de-
votion to Elise.
"You will find it lonely enough with-
out her."
"We cannot expect her to stay here
always," he replied evasively.
"Do you think she will ever return?"
"I cannot tell."
Nellie's heart was beating rapidly, but
she went on boldly. "Could you bear to
think of her not returning?"
"One can bear anything when the ne-
cessity arises," he said.
"Yet," the girl insisted, "she is very
dear to vou?"
"Yes."
"Dearer than all else in the world?"
But he did not answer, and when they
reached the floating pier where he
moored his boat, he helped her ashore
214
THE 'PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
and said good night and went away. Us-
ually he walked up to her own door with
her, and sometimes entered to talk for
an hour with her father. Tonight he
seemed to wish to be alone, and Nellie
wondered if she had gone too far.
Meantime, in the cabin Elise had giv-
en the child his simple supper of bread
and milk, and undressed, and put him to
bed. It was a task she liked to linger
over, this tucking her little brown
charge away for the night. She would
tell him weird stories of the winds, and
waves, and wild things that he knew
and loved, and croon soft melodies that
seemed but an echo of the untamed life
of the forest. There was one story about
a sea gull who had been a princess and
who was under a spell of enchantment
that he always asked for and which he
never staid awake long enough to hear
the end of.
When the big black eyes were closed
in sleep Elise gently drew her hand away
from the clasping baby fingers, and went
and sat in the soft summer darkness just
inside the cabin door. She had laid aside
the veil in which her features were
shrouded by day and her face shown
white in the deepening dusk. The wind
had gone down with the sun, and as she
watched the gray gleam of the star-lit
river through the branches of the pines,
her thoughts journeyed far, and yet were
not thoughts so much as dreams, vague,
half-sweet and formless as the mist that
trembles over a mountain lake when
kissed into motion by the breath of
dawn. The silence was unbroken save
for the soft splash of the ebbing tide, or
the call of a belated waterfowl along the
shore. She heard, without realizing that
she heard, the sound of oars shifted in
the rowlocks. Suddenly the dim light
of the open door was darkened by a
shadow. A man stood there uncertain,
and peering into the dense, gloom of the
interior.
Is it that love's eyes are keen? Elise
knew, and her heart gave one great
bound and then was still. What brought
him here, and now when she was begin-
ning to — forget? — no, but to feel less
deeply, less acutely the pain of loving.
"Elise, Elise! They told me I should
find you here," the words came softly,
almost like a thought breathed out un-
consciously. But at the sound of his
voice she rose and came to him.
"Did you call, Colonel Randolph? I
am here — in the dark."
He opened his arms and gathered her
close to his heart. "Elise, my love, my
love, at last, at last!"
In that supreme hour there was no
room for speech. Heart spoke to heart
in a joy too deep for words. Later it
came to them that there was much to
say, and they sat together upon the door-
step in the warm star-light and talked.
"Ah, my love," he said, "I have
roamed this wide world over in my
search for you. Why did you hide your-
self from me?"
"Because I loved you," whispered
Elise. "I thought you did not care and
I — I could not bear it."
"Not care, my darling, not care? and
I have hungered and thirsted for you all
this weary year."
"And then, — and then — I could not
face the world when I had lost the thing
it valued most."
"Yet if you had not lost your beauty
perhaps I had never found my heart. Ah
Elise, your sweet face could never be
anything but beautiful to me, and the less
fair to others the more to me."
"And you would marry me as I am,
plain, poor, almost to poverty, for I have
vowed my fortune to the sick and suffer-
ing?"
"Yes, yes, a thousand times, yes. I
have enough of this world's goods for
both."
"But think — these poor features are
too disfigured to bear the light of day.
Only in the dark like this can I meet
you unveiled. For a long, long year I
have not looked in the glass, I — I who
was once in love with my own face, I who
rejoiced daily in my own fairness! Oh,
no, you cannot mean it."
"Listen to me, Elise, you are dearer
so. It is you, yourself I love, not the
beauty that was your's. The perfect love-
liness of your face never moved me as
the thought of these cruel scars incurred
to save a life at peril of your own. Ah,
my love, my love, the beauty of your
soul outshines all else for me, my brave,
my noble Elise! I am not worthy, i>_
THE VOICE OF THE SILENCE.
215
I want you, dear."
She laughed, a tender tremulous little
laugh that was not unmixed with tears.
"Take me then, and heaven send you
may not regret the gift."
"Lest you change your mind, I shall
come with the priest and the license to-
morrow."
"So soon?"
"It is an age."
"Very well, at this hour, then, tomor-
row."
"And now I must leave you."
"So soon?"
"It is near mid-night."
They rose and loitered down the wind-
ing path beneath the young pines to the
stairs that went down to the beach. The
broad breast of the river was agleam
with stars.
"The tide has turned," the Colonel
said, "I shall row back on the flood."
"Yes," said Elise, "yes," and added
softly, "the tide has turned for me also."
Then they said good night lingeringly,
as lovers will, and Colonel Randolph de-
scended the steps and found his boat
which he had drawn far up on the sands,
already afloat. In the act of embarking
he turned back, and called, "Elise!"
"Yes," replied Elise from the shadow
of the pines, "I am here."
He sprang up the steps and took her
in his arms. "Come with me, love, I
cannot leave you here alone in this lone-
ly place, I cannot."
The girl smiled at his solicitude. "Why
not?" she said. "I am perfectly safe.
No harm can come to me here. The
very solitude is a protection."
"But you are alone."
"Not at this moment."
"But when I go — "
"I shall have you with me still in my
dreams and I shall not be lonely. Be-
sides, you forget that I am usually
alone."
"I will not leave you."
"You must."
"I cannot."
They turned toward the cabin. "You
may go as far as the door," cried Elise
with a trace of her old time coquetry,
"and then — good-night."
But at the threshold, when she would
have crossed it, he restrained her. "It
is so dark in there, let me enter first and
strike a light."
"No, I love the darkness."
"And are you not afraid?"
"I am never afraid." Strange! her
thoughts went back in one swift flash
to that day, long since, when Odin met
her under the pines and put this same
question and she had answered as
she answered to-night. "I am nev-
er afraid." It came to her now that it
was that question which had opened the
door of life to her untried and unsuspect-
ing feet. Never afraid! true child of na-
ture that she was, what had she to do
with fear. Weak in many ways, incon-
sistent, a handful of contradictions —
but afraid? never!
"Now," she said gently, trying to put
aside his clasping arm, "you must go."
"No," he whispered, "I am not going
— ye," and drew her across the threshold
and into the gloom of the cabin. He
could feel her heart beating like the
wings of a prisoned bird, but he knew she
was not afraid. A strange and suffocating
silence fell upon them. They felt the
pressure of the palpitating darkness, and
the touch of invisible hands on throat
and breast and brow, and clung to each
other mute and motionless. How long
they stood thus, held fast by the unseen,
they never knew. But at last, through
the silence that made itself felt, came a
far-off cry, faint and sweet as an angel
call — a cry that broke the spell of the
dark and freed them from the thrawl of
the senses.
"O," murmured Elise, with a long-
drawn, quivering sigh, "did you not
hear it? Hark!" She lifted her head
and listened. Like the breath of the
west wind blown over silver strings, like
the notes of a violin blended with a wo-
man's tones in singing, it came again,
piercing the night as a star-beam pierces
the shadows, softly swelling, clearer,
higher, till it broke into a ripple of heav-
enly laughter and floated away upon the
stillness — the Voice of the Silence that is
like no other sound heard on earth, and
yet is a blending of all that is sweetest on
earth and in heaven.
"What is it, dear?" asked the Colonel,
presently. "I hear nothing."
"Nothing?"
216
THE "PACIFIC €MONTHLY.
"Perhaps the cry of a gull or a sea-
bird, but nothing more."
And in that moment Elise knew that
this man, whom she loved with all the
strength of her woman's nature, could
never understand, and again she sighed,
and this time it was with great regret and
longing. She remembered a grave upon
the grass-grown hill-top overlooking the
sea. Her lover, hearing that sigh, drew
her to his breast and kissed her lips and
cheek and brow.
"Darling, you are tired. How late I
am keeping you from your dreams," he
said. "Now I am going to light your
lamp for you and say good night.' He
took out his match case ana strucK a
light. As its flame flared and then gave
out a steady glow he glanced at his com-
panion. "Elise!" he cried in astonish-
ment, then sternly, "Why have you de-
ceived me?''
The match flared and went out, and
he struck another, but she, suddenly
realizing that she was unveiled, covered
her face with her hands. "Oh!" she
sobbed, "this is cruel, it is unfair."
There was a lamp of antique design
upon the mantle shelf. He held the
match to its twisted wick till it blazed
steadily, . then turning, took her hands
and drew them gently away from her
tear-wet face.
"Elise, look at me, darling." He
kissed the crystal drops from her cheeks.
"Have you a mirror anywhere about?"
he asked.
"No," replied Elise, wonderingly.
"No? Well, if you had I could prove
to you in less than a minute the fact
hitherto unsuspected, that you are a very
lovely liar."
"What do you mean?" she cried, flush-
ing with sudden indignation, and trying
to draw her hands away.
"Just what I say. The very loveliest
liar in all the world. There is not a
mark or scar on this fair face of yours.
You are a thousand times more beautiful
than I ever dreamed. Why dear, are you
not glad?" For Elise had thrown her-
self down upon her couch in a very tem-
pest of tears. He knelt beside her, try-
ing to comfort her.
"Let me cry; oh let me cry — it is for
joy, for very joy," she sobbed.
When her emotion had exhausted it-
self he said, looking at his watch, "The
night is nearly spent, and you must have
rest. I am going now," and kissing her
tenderly, he went softly out and shut the
door. And Elise knew not, till years
after, that he lay till dawn under the
pine in front of her cabin, heedless of
the fact that his boat had drifted away
on the flood.
(The End.)
Frank Du Mond.
<By LISCHEN M. MILLER.
TO understand Frank DuMond's
pictures, or rather to understand
why you do not understand them,
you must know something of his meth-
ods of working, and his theories about
art. Both are unique and both are strik-
ingly original.
The first mission of a picture, accord-
ing to Mr. Du Mond, is to please the eye.
If it fails in this, it fails in everything.
The subject must always be a secondary
consideration. It is to the treatment,
the distribution of light and shade, the
harmonious arrangement of color that
the artist should devote himself. The
literary quality in art he regards with
aversion, holding it to be detrimental to
true effort.
"The successful artist," he claims,
"must study nature closely and consist-
ently, but never try to reproduce or imi-
tate."
Art is not imitation, it is suggestion.
It is not nature, but the interpretation of
nature. It is beauty, grace, subtle har-
mony of color, form, and grouping, that
charm the sight, and through the sight
alone enthrawl the senses.
Frank Brangwyn, of whom it is writ-
ten, "he accepts tradition by defying it,"
is an artist whose work appeals most
strongly to Mr. Du Mond. He refers to
it as well illustrating his own theories.
"There," he remarked, pointing to a
reproduction of one of Brangwyn's pic-
tures in the International Art Studio, re-
cently. "There you have color, lavish-
ness of color, agreeable distribution of
light and shade, richness in effect. Sat-
isfies the eye, you know, and looks al-
most as well upside down. Yes, there is
a title tacked on, might have been called
almost anything else just as well, though.
The subject does not count."
Frank Du Mond was born in Roches-
ter, New York. He went, when twenty-
one years of age, to New York City,
where he worked upon the Daily
Graphic, also for Harper's, studying,
meantime, at the Art Students' League.
After three years in New York he went
to Paris and studied under Constant for
awhile, and then with LeFebre and Bou-
langer, painting each year a picture for
the salon. In 1891 his famous painting,
"The Holy Family," won a medal. The
following year he spent in Italy. Re-
turning to America he taught in the Art
Students' League in New York, and in
Pratt's Institute in Brooklyn, spending
his winters there and summers abroad,
preferably in France and Italy. The
past four years he has lived in Paris, and
his work is widely and favorably known
both here and over the sea. The people
in this particular part of the world must
feel an intimate interest in his career by
reason of the fact that he has married a
daughter of the "Golden West," who is
herself an artist. Her wprk, which has
already attracted attention, in some ways
excels that of her gifted husband. Her
pictures possess a quality which is unde-
niably more potent than mere beauty, a
certain primitive strength and an austeri-
ty that appeals to something besides the
sight, that attracts and, at the same time,
disturbs — an uncompromising truth, a
power that moves, that speaks — not to
the eye alone, but to that inner self that
thinks and feels and suffers. With her
the subject is more than the color
scheme, more than the painting — it takes
hold upon the heart, upon the very soul,
and compels reverence.
Absolute truthfulness is hers, a noble
ruggedness that is independent of color,
or grace, or beauty, and which is not
lacking in these. The majestic front of
a thunder-riven crag, the solemn silence
of a mountain peak, cloud-capped, and
reaching to the stars, the echo of organ
tones in dim cathedral arches, the boom
of the surf upon a lonely shore — these
are like her pictures in their power to
move the soul. Yet she is not oblivious
218 THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
to beauty for beauty's sake. It is in her at present concerned. And Frank Du<
painting of miniatures that her work re- Mond is like the Greeks of antiquity
sembles that of her husband. These are whose wisdom prompted them to ignore
exquisite. Portraits with value far be- everything but the beautiful in art, and
yond that of portraits — but it was not of whose ambition was to charm the senses
Helen Savier Du Mond that I intended by the mere perfection of the object pre-
to speak. Her work and its object will sented, never stooping to catch a likeness
be the subject of a future paper. or to attract attention by the difficulties
It is with Frank Du Mond that we are overcome in the presentation.
Oregon.
<ByJ. W. WHALLEY.
0! land of fir-clad hills, of mountains white,
Of rivers noble, gliding to the sea;
Of smiling valleys, basking in the light,
E'er swept by breezes, odorous and free,
Thou art and ever wilt be unto me,
A poem rich in imag'ry and tone
And rythmic beauty, which melodiously
My spirit reads amid thy solitudes alone.
A poem- — yea — but in an unknown tongue
In which but few words yet my soul doth ken;
Shall meaning from its mystery be wrung
And plainly told unto the sons of men?
I know not; yet I read the verse again,
And catch suggestions of an epic grand,
Which some interpreter, perchance, shall pen
In flowing strophes tuned unto the Sun Set Land.
What pictures too are glowing 'fore the eye,
Delighted, roving o'er the rolling scene!
Some hill, mayhap, thou dost espy,
Of Autumn gold set in a frame of green,
While near its base the whispering alders lean
Their dappled boughs across some silv'ry rill,
Emitting flashes as the breeze, I ween,
Its veiling greenness wafts aside with gentle skill.
And who shall paint the- images which rise
Inverted in Columbia's crystal tide,
Of crag basaltic towering to the skies,
And cascade leaping down the rugged side
Of spruce clad mountains stretching far and wide;
Who blend such colors as before thee glow
Transfiguring, what thy upward glance hath spied,
To grand ethereal forms within the depths below!
Where Hood or Jefferson or Sisters Three,
With snowy crests which pierce the arching blue,
Stand like the tents of sentinels, whom He
The mighty Lord hath sent with purpose true
To guard our land, I oft my faith renew,
Whilst gazing on these symbols of His care,
In mighty wardship constant, ever new,
Of Providence Supreme o'er land and sea and air.
THE INDIAN cARABIAN SNJGHTS. 219
Or, when a humid veil of mist doth fold
Some mount, o'er which the forest fires have sped,
And left the firs which crowned its frontlet bold,
Bleached by the seasons, ghastly, tall and dead,
The wind-moved gauze, revealing, oft hath led
My fancy, in the scene and tap'ring trees,
To see a new world swinging overhead,
With masts of phantom ships upon its ghostly seas.
Through misty thought which shrouds my fancy's play
I see personified, like prophet old,
Thy form descending to the Ocean's spray
To bathe thy feet in breakers inward rolled.
Thy message, writ on plates of burnished gold,
To wand'rers seeking here the Promised Land,
By Commerce unto Industry foretold,
The welkin fills, like Sinaitic thund'rings grand.
It tells thy Native Sons, "be bold and free
And rich in fruitage like your mother soil,
Your thoughts aspiring as the peaks you see,
And pure as waters where the Cascades boil."
It bids them smite the rocks with honest toil
And see the glittering streams of riches flow,
And 'mid the world's unrest and wild turmoil
Prove Happiness hath found a Paradise below.
The Indian Arabian Nights.
Being a series of Indian Stories and Legends, relating to the region around
Astoria, Oregon.
<By H. S. LYMAN.
0
OMOPAH.
I.
MOPAH is the name of a lake. It kums — who lived, however, long ago, in
takes its name from the rushes that the times of enchantment when things
grow along the water. were done any day, or all day, such as
This, too, suggests the general appear- now occur only rarely, and at dead of
ance of the place — the rush-grown shore, night.
the dark-colored water which, however, It was a day of pleasure. Springtime,
under the influence of the wind and sun- clear sky, warm sun, and a stroll in the
light, becomes the most profound blue; grove, which is open, the trees somewhat
and the evergreen trees, a kind of spruce dispersed. The ground is carpeted with
that crowd to the brink, and even lean moss. To explore the grove, to discover
over the lake. Spruce trees growing in the glades in its depths, to ascend the
this situation, on damp, boggy ground, curious, moss-grown mounds, or pene-
shoot out enormous roots of gnarly, trate the most shady hollows was in itself
quaint shape, forming chairs, settees, a delight to one who has the love of the
rocking horses, or divans suited to such wilds; but over and above these, was the
ancient creatures as once inhabited alone hunt for a rare flower, the Colypus, an
this region of water and groves — namely, orchid, the most modest and most deli-
the Cheatcos, or their less frightful mis- cate little flower of the woods,
tresses, sometimes known as the Skoo- When the wind changed and came
220
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
from the west, and brought the murmur
of the surf among the trees — for we were
in the vicinity of the ocean, Gama said:
"Let us go up to the house and have the
Judge tell us stories."
"Maybe he won't," sugested Noll, who
was slow to change a comfortable posi-
tion.
"Yes, he will," I said, "and throw in
dinner besides."
"Is it dinner time?" asked Noll.
"Yes; or soon will be."
"That puts a different face on the
affair," answered Nell, and we went.
II.
"Where do you want me to begin,"
asked the Judge when the twilight had
settled down and the glowing coals in
the fireplace threw dim shadows upon
the walls.
"Begin at the beginning, and tell
everything," replied Gama, "all the queer
names and old stories; everything old
and forgotten that nobody knows."
"That will make a long story," said he.
"That is what we want," replied Gama.
"We each have our particular pur-
pose," I explained. 'Gama wants one
thing- I another. Gama wishes all sorts
of stuff out of which to weave make-up
romances — seed thoughts capable of in-
definite expansion into imaginative pro-
ducts, and I," I continued, anticipating
his question, "want the most particular
facts — tracing facts to acts, acts' to
thoughts, locating thoughts in in-,
dividuals. I have already a dim,
hazy idea of this part in my
mind; but I wish to particular-
ize. I want the names of the places,
the people, the tribes; what the names
meant. For it seems to me that under
this debris of a hundred ye rs lies an old
world that we should be sorry to lose
remembrance of."
"You must understand," began the
Judge, "that all of the past in tnis par-
ticular locality, beyond the mere memory
of man, is dim and indistinct. It is the
same borderland of fact and fancy blend-
ed that the student encounters on re-
turning by investigation to the heroic
age of Greece or Rome; only here the
age of myth closes down as near as two
hundred years; not three thousand or
more as on the plains of Troy."
"You will consider the situation also,,
the isolation. On the West lav the
ocean, upon which this primitive people
ventured only in calm weather, and then
but a few miles. A vast, unknown sea,
under whose curve, where the arc of the
sea met the arch of the horizon, lay the
illimitable and the unknown. If we can
conceive of the mythical age almost en-
shrouding this shore, we must also con-
ceive the illimitable space, which we have
now relegated to the stars, as, in the peo-
ple's minds, encroaching so near as al-
most to reach out from a few leagues of
uncertain sea.
"Equally near did the unknown ap-
proach on the other hand — the side of
the land. Toward the East, which they
distinguished simply by the proximate
notion as the 'sunrise,' lay the continent,
of which their country was but the most
narrow bordering. Where the land end-
ed they could never tell any more than
of the ocean.
"There were forests deep, dark and
vast, peopled with wild animals. Out of
the lands rose also sombre mountains,
toward which the storms seemed most
commonly attracted, and around which
the heaviest thunder rolled and awak-
ened answers. Also, most stupendous to
all primitive minds, out of the highest
mountains was at sometimes poured fire.
"From the land came the rivers; and,,
particularly, came for many days jour-
ney, and from the most lofty mountains,
their great river. These people never
gave it a name. They gave no names to
running water, although sometimes they
did name pools or ponds; but their
names were otherwise wholly of the
shore. They named localities, not mov-
ing objects. They conceived of water as]
a unit, like air, or the sk\ . They no
more thought of naming a body of water
than we should of naming the body of
air over a hill, or valley, and even attrib-.
uted to water something of the universal
notion that we imply to the word spirit.
The range of this primitive people w»j
limited, being about twenty miles soutl
from the mouth of the Columbia river,
sandy tract along the ocean, somewhat
triangular in shape, including all this
THE INDIAN ARABIAN SLIGHTS.
221
peninsula, about three miles wide, but
toward the south ranging off somewhat
indefinitely into the hills, and hill val-
leys. Over this tract of not over a hun-
dred or two square miles, they roved at
pleasure, or according to the necessities
of fishing, which was their greatest
source of sustenance.
"There have been changes in the coun-
try itself since times of memory. Unlike
its present condition, the region ot sands
was deep and green with tall grass, even
to the line of breakers. The point at
the mouth of the river also extended
much farther out to sea, being fostered
with a growth of majestic evergreen
trees. But the unstable sands have been
washed away, taking forest and all.
There was also originally a peaked sand
hill, about half way down the plain, of
imposing height, not less than 150 feet,
jutting over the sea, the sands being
compacted by the masses of roots and
turf of the matted grasses that knitted
its surface into a deep sod. A curious
tabular plat, too, overhanging the beach,
of considerable elevation, rose near the
hill, having a perpendicular front. The
rest of the plains rolled away in dunes
and wavering lines as you see them now;
but the most singular and lofty have
been drawn down into the encroaching
sea, or leveled by the wind.
"Another feature, curious and beauti-
ful, was that of a water course, a river
bordered by wide meadows, and a fret-
ting of willow trees and wild apples,
which occupied the center of the plains;
a broad, deep, tide stream, like a canal,
and breaking out into the sea near this
table. But the course of that river is
now changed, and its bed is filled wholly
with sand. As you see it now the coun-
try is less the land of the sea; originally
it resembled an island, with ocean or es-
tuary water billowing almost all around.
It is not equal to itei old self."
"Well, now to the people who livea on
this shore in the dawn of history," I said.
"Who was the first of all whose name is
known?"
"Ah," replied the Judge, smiling, "that
takes us to our first story," and he 'settled
down in a leisurely, reminiscent manner,
and began:
(To be continued next month.)
Once.
A dream as the morning fair,
Once drifted thro' space to me;
Adown thro' the ether rare,
Thro' the waves of the purple sea;
On its starlit path to me
It had wandered afar, afar,
Past planets bright, thro' the moon's
light,
From its home in a distant star.
pale
A dream of such beauty rare —
A vision of heavenly birth —
How came it, all pure and fair,
To this sorrowful, sin-stained earth?
And again will it drift to earth,
Thro' the waves of the purple sea?
I watch and wait, at the dim dream-gate,
But it comes not again to me.
ftorencc €Ma.y Wright.
The sequel to "The Voice of the Si-
lence," the publication of which began in
the January number, will, in the course
of time, follow the conclusion of the
story. Until the appearance of the sequel
the identity of the author will not be dis-
closed by the Pacific Monthly.
v * .9
Judging by the developments in the
Dreyfus case the guilt or innocence of
the prisoner will not determine his fate
so much as the attitude which the gen-
erals may choose to assume towards him.
Interest accordingly centers not around
Dreyfus and the proofs of his innocence
— that was clearly established before he
was returned to France, or the farce now
being enacted could never have taken
place — but around the probable changes
in this or that general. The world has
never witnessed a worse travesty on
justice.
-© -5- -5-
France lacks but one thing to plunge
her into the throes of another revolution
of bloodshed and destruction — a leader.
The time is favorable and the most terri-
ible conditions exist, but the man to
crystalize these conditions, one who has
strength and determination, a born
leader, is fortunately not to be found.
The army generals are weak and pusilan-
imous. None of them display the quali-
ties necessary for leadership, and if they
had all the rest their cowardice would
prevent them from assuming the lead.
France will probably, therefore, be
spared another revolution. It is not pat-
riotism that saves her.
Harper's Weekly, in an article in a re-
cent number on "Two Kinds of Demo-
crats," has capped the climax of all exhi-
bitions of extremely bad taste. Whether
one may or may not agree with the writ-
er is neither here nor there. Compari-
sons are always odious. There is no ex-
cuse for such an article.
The fear of death, the dread of disease,
the anticipation of evil — if these be elimi-
nated from the mind of man life would
assume a very different complexion, and
this world would speedily become
the abiding place of peace and
pleasure instead of being, as now,
the home of pain. So much de-
pends upon man's mental attitude;
one might go further and say with
truth that everything depends upon it.
For when you look closely into any mat-
ter that effects the well-being of man,
physical or moral, you discover that in
all its relations to him its force and its
influence are determined by his conscious
recognition and mental reception of it.
-^ 4p 9
The power of Thought! Let any man
try to measure it, or to place limitations
upon its activity, and he will readily per-
ceive that he has undertaken the impos-
sible. For Thought is as limitless and
far-reaching as space itself. It is all
things and controls all. It makes and
transforms a man's life. "As a man
thinketh in his heart, so he is." Let him
think rightly and he will live rightly.
Let his thoughts be clean and beautiful
and noble, and his life will be without
blame.
Those who look forward to an alliance
between the United States and England
are doomed to disappointment. At least
this is the verdict of the upper classes
and royalty in England, who say that the
idea never received their approval. In-
asmuch, however, as the destiny of Eng-
land is not controlled by these
classes, and as England would
have everything to gain through
an entente, the United States is
not likely to go begging at Great Brit-
ain's door for an alliance. Indeed, the
strongest and most persistent objections
to such a scheme are likely to come from
this country. We would have every-
thing to lose and practically nothing to
OUR TOINT OF VIEW.
223
gain.- Probably the Alaska boundary
dispute will cool off what little enthusi-
asm there was in America for the Alli-
ance.
«
When school boards come to recog-
nize the silent influence of beauty upon
the minds of the children for whom it is
their care to provide, they will build no
more ugly, but expensive, structures in
which to house their young charges. It
is one of the most blessed facts that
beauty is cheap. It is the awkward, the
grotesque and the crude that costs. Sim-
plicity and grace are to be had for so
little money that the majority who gauge
values by dollars and cents, have lost
sight of them altogether and our school
boards, to be in the fashion, spend vast
amounts from the public treasury for re-
sults that are not only unsatisfactory, but
hurtful.
* * «
The inroads which American enter-
prise is making into the manufacturing
and agricultural interests of Europe is
causing considerable consternation there.
England has lately been out-bid by
America in so many instances that she is
beginning to feel that her manufacturing
supremacy is fast slipping away. This
concern is not without reason, for
America is practically just beginning to
reach out for the markets of the world.
With unlimited resources at her com-
mand, combined with the wonderfully
energetic character of her people, the
destiny of America, as far as manufac-
turing and commercial interests are con-
cerned, is not hard to read. Eventu-
ally the United States must lead the world
in manufactured products and in the ex-
tent of her shipping. There can be no
other outcome.
-V* V ™
One thing, more than any other dur-
ing the past thirty years, that has caused
the continued success of the Republican
and the defeat of the Democratic party,
has been the fact that the Republican
party has always been abreast of the
times. It has seen the opportunity and
made the most of it. The issues which
Democracy has championed, on the
other hand, have been, in general, too
far ahead of the times for the public to
grasp their full significance, and the
party has consequently suffered. This
is a case wherein a fault is a virtue.
Is This Life a Dream?
in
Is this earthly life a dream?
But a dream?
Is that mystic soul of ours
Wandering by the banks and bowers
Like a stream — but a dream?
II
Will it like a river flow
Soft and low,
Till it finds a soothing deep —
There to sleep — ever sleep —
Never in its home to know
Weal or woe?
Ah, this life is not a dream;
Not a dream;
Though the soul will darkness meet,
And the heart's last feeble beat
Ends the theme.
IV
Ah, this eartnly life is real,
Truly real;
Building by incessant strife
Fairer life — purer life,
Slowly building on the Earth
Lasting worth.
V
Earthly Aidenn's sapphire towers
Are not ours;
Heaven's dominions strewn with flowers
May be ours — sweetly ours;
Yet on Earth some future time
Will arise a life sublime,
And the palaces to be
Man will see.
Valentine cBro'wn.
IN POLITICS—
The trial of Dreyfus at Rennes, France,
has been the most absorbing topic before
the public during the month, and this in-
terest shows no signs of abating. The
unexpected turn of affairs has rather in-
creased it. From the disclosures, sui-
cides, and confessions of forgery that had
bee a made it was confidently expected in
America that the trial would simply be a
vindication of Dreyfus'. The sentiment
which induced the shooting of Labori,
Dreyfus' consul, and the manufacture of
false documents, make it extremely im-
probable, however, that Dreyfus will be
acquitted. Harry J. W. Dam, a writer of
note, in the New York Journal, gives the
following opinion :
There are few if any men in Rennes who
believe Dreyfus will be acquitted. The best
hope of his partisans seems to be what French
procedure calls "acquitted by minority." A
verdict against him of four to three, which
will set him free, but dismissal from the
army, is equivalent to the Scotch verdict
"not proven." The next alternative is a ver-
dict of five to two, which would acquit him
of treason, but convict him of spying, with
a sentence of five years, which he has al-
ready served. But that he will walk out of
court unstained, with full rank, back pay
and promotion, his most optimistic follower
is not venturesome enough to predict.
The first reason for this belief is the dif-
ference in looks, manner, obedience, atten-
tions which this jury of seven modest cap-
tains and brevet majors pay to the great,
famous generals, who one after another
mount the platform to deride, degrade and
destroy Dreyfus in the hardest and most
contemptuous words their lips can find.
To see the judges during recess walking
up and down the court yard in serious con-
verse with these same generals is a sight
full of meaning. Mercier, Roget, De Bois-
deffre, Billot and Gense were sufficiently de-
termined to threaten Picquart with loss of
promotion and rank if he assisted Dreyfus.
They are no less bitter and determined now,
and these country officers seem like children
in their hands.
The second reason is the fact that if
Dreyfus was ever to be acquitted it would
have been before the Criminal Court of Cas-
sation. Quesnay de Beaurepaire knew ex-
actly what he was doing when he resigned
his high office and brought charges against
the court, thus enabling Dupuy, who had
been Prime Minister when Mercier was War
Minister, and who had become Prime Min-
ister again, to introduce a b^i in the Cham-
ber taking the Dreyfus case before all the
United Chambers of the Court of Cassation.
This bill was passed without question, and
it was not until the afternoon that the pub-
lic found out another clause had been added,
which absolutely prevented the court from
giving a final decision.
The full Court of Cassation declared Drey-
fus innocent as far as it could, but the hign-
est judicial tribunal of France had been
shorn of all its power beyond expressing an
opinion and sending the case back once
more for seven captain to try, and these
seven captain now officially ignore the Court
of Cassation altogether.
And Zola, in an interview in the New
York Journal, says: "In my studies of
human nature I have sounded very low
depths of depravity, but this trial reveals
lower depths than any the most un-
bridled imagination could put forth."
■^5 ■© -^
Richard Croker has given the follow-
ing significant opinion of Mr. Bryan
(New York Journal, interview by James
Creelman) :
"Mr. Bryan's great strength lies in his
sympathy for and knowledge of the plain
people. No other American has ever been
so close to the masses. He understands ana
feels for the toiler, and the toiler under-
stands and trusts him. I consider him to be
one of the greatest men America has pro-
duced."
•^ -35 •©
In an interview at Naples for the New
York World, Admiral Dewey is reported
to have said:
"I have the question of the Philippines
more at heart than has any other American,
because I know the Filipinos intimately and
they know I am their friend. The recent in-
surrection is the fruit of the anarchy which
has long reigned in the islands, but the in-
surgents will have to submit themselves to
the law after being accustomed to no law at
all. I believe and affirm, nevertheless, that
the Philippine question will be very shortly
solved.
"The Filipinos are capable of governing
themselves; they have all qualifications for
it. It is a question of time, but the only way
THE SMONTH.
225
to settle the insurrection and assure pros-
perity to the archipelago is to concede self-
gevernment to the inhabitants. That would
be a solution of many questions and would
satisfy all, especially the Filipinos, who be-
lieve themselves worthy of it and are so."
In a speech at Ocean Grove, N. J.,
August 13, President McKinley outlined
his Philippine policy as follows:
"Peace first; then, with charity for all, es-
tablish a government of law and order, pro-
tecting life and property and occupation for
the well-being of the people who participate
in it under the stars and stripes."
9l ^& ' 9
Riots have broken out in Paris, having
been brought on largely through the
Dreyfus affair. The immediate cause,
however, of the recent trouble was the
attack made by anarchists on anti-Sem-
ites, and another fearful period of blood-
shed is predicted for France.
•^ -35 -3?
Democrats, Populists and Silver Re-
publicans have fused in Nebraska, and
nominated Ex-Governor Holcomb for
Supreme Judge.
IN SCIENCE—
"Four English and two American firms
were asked to bid on the construction of the
Atbara bridge in the Sudan. One English
and one American firm submitted bids. The
Yankee bid was supplemented by an agree-
ment to deliver a suitable bridge in six
weeks. Time was precious, and price not to
be considered, and the six weeks offer
floored the English bidder. At the same
time the latter, to make the Yankee su-
premacy still more apparent, claimed that
liis corporation had facilities for getting
out rapid work that were unequaled by any
bridge-building concern in all England. So
the Yankee firm received the contract. The
fifth span of the bridge was in place on
July 17th, and in a very brief time that far
away land will be graced with this new mon-
ument to Yankee skill and Yankee push." —
The Argonaut.
9 9 9
The American Automobile Company
has been organized in New York to con-
trol the manufacture and operation of all
the automobiles and motors in which
kerosene or gasoline is used, not only in
this country, but in France, Germany
and other countries in continental Eu-
rope.
9 9 ' 9
The cup-challenger — "Shamrock" —
arrived in New York August 18. The
boat did not create as favorable an im-
pression as was expected, and suffers by
comparison with the "Columbia." Many
who were inclined to doubt the ability of
"Columbia" to retain the ,cup have,
therefore, gained confidence in the su-
periority of the American yacht.
IN LITERATURE—
"Richard Carvel" is the book of the
hour, and "David Harum" is becoming
one of the has-beens. The Critic gives
some interesting information concerning
the young author, Mr. Winston
Churchill, who was at one time connect-
ed with the Cosmopolitan. It was while
he was working upon this magazine, as-
sisting the versatile editor, John Brisben
Walker, that he made a rich and fortun-
ate marriage and was thus placed beyond
the limitations of a salary, and free to de-
vote himself to fiction pure and simple.
That he has done so with advantage to
himself and the world at large is evi-
denced in his popular novel "Richard
Carvel."
■^ *55 ■©
Now that we have enjoyed the revela-
tions of affection in the Browning letters,
and thanked kind heaven that love and
literature are not always antagonistic,
we are being treated to a perusal of By-
ron's correspondence with Miss Mill-
bank. Of the two hundred and thirty-
three letters, one hundred and eighteen
are new to the public. From them it
would appear that Byron was never mad-
ly in love with the woman he married,
though he evinces a calm and very warm
affection.
Zangwill, apropos of his play "The
Children of the Ghetto," says:
"The purpose of an artist is to create
works of art, which, as I hold that art is the
highest form of truth, are also presentations
of truth. The stage is, to my mind, one of
the most vivid vehicles for art, while for
the conveyance of truth it seems to me su-
perior to the contemporary church. When
one remembers how the Greek dramatists
used the stage as a means for illustrating
the highest spiritual problems, or how all
life, with its highest depths, is mirrored in
Shakespeare, or what a part of the stage
plays in the intellectual life of Germany, it
is terrible to think of the abuse of this
great opportunity to-day in the English-
226
THE 'PACIFIC ^MONTHLY.
speaking countries; of the streams of rub-
bish and pollution poured every night into
millions of ears.
"I therefore gladly welcomed the oppor-
tunity afforded me by an enlightened man-
agement of expressing in a dramatic medium
what I had already expressed through the
medium of my book, just as a painter is
glad occasionally to express himself through
sculpture."
* * *
J. W. Mackail's "Life of William Mor-
ris" is a book whose attraction must be
strong for the artist, the poet and the
socialist, and doubly strong for the man
who reads to be entertained. It is
charmingly illustrated and is in many
ways one of the most important addi-
tions of the day to good literature.
"The Endless Epic Question" is dis-
cused at length in the Dial's last issue.
Ella Wheeler Wilcox essays in her
poem, "Love is All," to answer Edwin
Markham's "Alan With the Hoe." Tak-
en alone and without reference to Mark-
ham's masterpiece her verses are aver-
age, and, in one or two lines, more, but-
as a reply they are altogether weak.
Mrs. Wilcox seems to have missed the
meaning of the solemn march-music
with which his "Voice of the Ages" re-
verberates.
9 9 9
As if it were not enough to have writ-
ten "The Christian," Mr. Hall Caine is
now accused of having stolen one of his
strongest paragraphs from Swift's "True
and Faithful Narrative of What Passed
in London during the Great Conflagra-
tion."
The career of Robert Bonner, Irish-
man by birth, was the career of a man
"more American than the Americans
themselves."
IN ART—
The discovery of a Rembrandt in a re-
mote castle in Poland is awakening the
hope that the other masterpieces may be
found in unexpected places on the conti-
nent. Dr. Bode who had the good for-
tune to be the discoverer of this painting,
is the author of a "Life of Rembrandt"
which is yet in the hands of the publish-
ers. Having heard a rumor of the ex-
istence of the picture he prevailed upon a
friend who was about to visit the region
to obtain a photograph of it for him.
The title is "The Polish Rider," and it
covers a canvas about 3x4 feet in size.
It is the portrait of a Polish nobreman
.upon a white horse against a shadowy
background fantastically illumined by
the light of the setting sun
In the recent exhibition of Lynwood
Palmer's work in the Carlton gallery in
Pall Mall, lent by the Duke of Marl-
borough, Earl Dudley, Earl Cowley and
others, his picture of Tod Sloan on Nun-
such was the most popular of the collec-
tion. Lynwood Palmer is a "self-taught"
artist, much given to the painting of
horse flesh, and has been commissioned
by the Duke of Portland to paint his fa-
mous stallions. He is at present at work
upon a picture for the Duke of Marl-
borough of the latter's six grey hunters
grouped in a meadow under a cloudy
sky, the only bit of color, a gleam of sun-
light bursting through a rift in a heavy
cloud bank.
IN EDUCATION—
Colonel Charles Denby, acting presi-
dent of the Philippine commission, has
sent to the State Department a circular
relating to the schools of Manila. The
circular is printed in three languages,
English, Spanish and Tagal. Regular
attendance at some school of all child-
ren between the ages of 6 and 12 years
is compulsory. One hour's instruction a
day must be devoted to the English lan-
guage.
*
Miss Helen Keller, the girl who is so
remarkably afflicted and so talented, has
just completed her preparations for col-
lege. She went to Cambridge in June
last, and took the regular examination
for the RadclifTs College, and it is prob
able that no person ever before took any
examination under such strange condi-
tions. She is blind, deaf and dumb, and
the usual means of communicating the
questions to her by means of the fingers
could not be done. A gentleman of the
Perkins Institute, who had never met
Helen Kellar, took the examination pa—
THE SMONTH.
227
pers and wrote them out in the Braille
characters, this system of writing being
in punctured points. She passed the ex-
amination in every subject; in advanced
Greek she received a very high mark.
Her passing the examination was one of
the most remarkable achievements in
the history of education. — Scientific
American.
IN RELIGIOUS THOUGHT—
From month to month the advance in
religious thought is easily remarked.
One sees the old and artificially con-
structed walls crumbling to decay, even
as he sees the new-old Thought that
was the Creative Force of the universe,
re-appearing and re-illuminating the
world for humanity's loner-darkened
Professor George D. Fferron, speak-
ing of the "new Christian conscience,"
says, "The truest faith of today rejects
much that is preached and professed in
Christianity," and again, "By the term
Christian I mean that quality of con-
science and sympathy which suffers not
a man to rest short of some altar, how-
ever rude, on which he offers his life for
the common service, the social good."
And this is the tenor of the religious
thought and feeling of the age, more
freely and forcibly expressed as the
months go by. The Mayor of Toledo is
putting it to a practical test in the face of
political opposition. And Edwin Mark-
ham declares that:
"The Bible is a mighty book, but it is not
believed in Christendom. What we believe
we live by. We bind the Great Book in
morocco, and even gild its edges, but we re-
ject it in the world's life. We live in the
romance of religion, not in its reality. And
mind you, we truly believe only those things
which we practice in our lives, and strive to
embody in the public order of the world."
LEADING EVENTS—
July 26 — The natives of the Caroline Is-
lands petition to be annexed to the United
States.
July 27 — Colomba, an important town of
Laguna de Bay, 30 miles Southeast of Ma-
nila, is captured by the American forces.
July 28 — The United States sends two war-
ships to San Domingo.
July 29 — The Destroyer Goldsborough is
launched at Portland, Oregon.
July 30 — The tripartite commission abol-
ishes Kingship in Samoa for all time.
July 31 — Ex-Secretary Alger tells how the
army was organized.
August 1 — The Yaquis are on the warpath
in the vicinity of Ortiz, Mexico.
August 2 — Belgium new cabinet is delayed
in forming because of difficulty in selecting
the secretary of war.
August 3 — Gold discoveries reported in
Boise Basin, Idaho.
August 4 — Czar of Russia is published as
being tired of his throne and wishing to ab-
dicate.
August 5 — General Otis asks for more ar-
tillery.
August 7 — Dreyfus trial opens at Rennes
in Prance.
August 8 — The new secretary of war an-
nounces that "operation in the Philippines
will be actively pushed" to a conclusion.
August 9— General MacArthur drives the
Filipinos from Angeles.
August 10— The East Indian Gold Stand-
ard Commission reports to authorities at
Washington, D. C.
August 11 — The Dreyfus Court-Martial
completes examination of the secret dossier.
August 12 — Insurgents institute active
hostilities in San Domingo.
August 13 — General Young drives back the
Filipino insurgents from San Mateo.
August 23 — Advices from City of Mexico
indicate confidence in General Torris.
August 24 — At Rennes there is open hos-
tility manifested toward Dreyfus in the
Court-Martial.
August 25 — It is reported at Berlin that a
financial crisis is imminent in Turkey. The
Ottoman exchequer is empty.
Friendship.
The wind torn clouds sweep thro' the sky
Tossed into wondrous shapes;
new world map unrolled on high,
With mountains, bays and capes;
But o'er their tops or thro' the rifts
The young moon shows her edge
As some shy child its face uplifts
Above the tangled hedge.
Thro' the clear, blue she moves in state,
Fair as a lily bloom;
But bright as gleams from Eden's gate
She lights the clouds' black gloom.
'Tis thus your friendship I have found
A joy since first 'twas given;
But when misfortune darkly frowned,
'Twas like the dawn of Heaven.
cAdonen.
This 'Department is for the use of our readers, and expressions, limited to six hundred words,
are solicited on subjects relating to any social, religious or political question. cAll manuscript sent
in must hear the author's name, though a nom de plume ivilt be printed, if so desired. The pub-
lishers 'will not, of course, be understood as necessarily endorsing any of the <vie<ws expressed.
ONE VIEW OF THE WOMAN QUESTION.
The state of the woman at the present
moment is one of unrest. Her condition,
mentally, morally and socially is charac-
terized by a certain nervousness and ac-
tivity, wisely and variously directed, or,
maybe, misdirected, a reaching out and
up and — grasping nothing.
And this unrest, the dissatisfaction
with the existing order of human affairs
in general, and her own social and politi-
cal status in particular, is as much dis-
cussed and commented upon as it is mis-
understood. Woman wants something,
has wanted it through all the ages, has
striven blindly and struggled helplessly
and hopelessly, and is only now begin-
ning to perceive, dimly and uncertainly,
the shadow of the thing she wants.
9 9 9
From time to time, as the world has
gone forward, individuals, gifted beyond
the common lot with beauty, or intelli-
gence, and possessing the power to sway
the heart and will of man, have blazed
like splendid comets across the human
firmament, and once, or twice, not often-
er, in the world's history, a woman has
arisen who, by reason of her immacu-
late purity, angelic sweetness and divine
goodness, has shone like a luminous
star whose light the lapse of time can
never dim. Such an one was Mary, the
mother of Christ, in whom maternity
and wifehood were so perfected that even
to this day that perfection remains a mys-
tery beyond the comprehension of men.
And it has become a habit with them to
say, "Behold, it was a miracle," or, if
they do not exclaim in reverence, they
deny and deride. And the woman of the
present, in the expression of her unrest,
and her yearning for that which she
fancies is denied by man, points often
back along the pathway of history to the
comets, but not often remembers the star,
and yet it is the star and not the comet
that must illuminate the way for her rest-
less feet.
•
-*
Wife and motherhood! It is in these
she must find the perfection of her salva-
tion. Her imagined need for what she
fondly terms her "freedom," her desire
for emancipation, her chafing against
bonds that are but figments of fancy, her
cry for political equality and her vaunted
independence, are but the prickings of
her own conscience, which will not let
her rest short of her accomplishment of
her divine mission She is suffering from
the pressure of the accumulated mistakes
of her sex since time began, and until
she can make some reparation to the
race which, through her shortsighted-
ness and neglect of duty, through her
selfishness and sin, has missed its highest
good, she will attain to neither happiness,
nor peace. Not man's tyranny, but her
own weakness, folly and inefficiency
disturb and agitate her. The liberty she
clamors for is hers already. Her only
limitations are self-imposed. She holds
the world in the velvet hollow of her
small, pink palm, and knows not that
she holds it so. And when she finds the
thing she lacks and longs for she will
find it in the man at her side, and in the|J
child in her arms.
George Mel<vin.
THE SECRET OF HAPPINESS.
One of the surprising things of life is
that it is so full of unhappiness. None
escape it, and yet, irrespective of age or
social conditions, happiness has always
been the goal of mankind. For, if one is
happy, 'what more is to be desired? The
conditions, however, have always been
such the world over that in comparison
to the unhappiness, the misery, that fills
the world, the rays of happiness are so
insignificant that philosophers and think-
ers have been led to declare happiness to
be a dream, a phantom, an impossibility.
* * *
Yet happiness is within the reach of
all. The mistake, almost universally
common, is made in thinking-— and act-
ing as- if it were true— that happiness is
obtained -through some means outside
ourselves; that wealth or social position
or any- outside influences, abstract or
concrete, have in themselves the vital or
necessary elements of happiness. They
may, indeed, contribute toward it. Or,
to one whose worldly desires have con-
torted or shrunken his inner self and
finer sensibilities, they may even be pri-
mal and necessary elements for his hap-
piness, but such happiness is, from the
nature of the case, of an ephemeral na-
ture. It is not true, genuine happiness.
Its foundation is built of sand.
The secret and source of happiness —
the happiness that has its foundation up-
on bed-rock — is within you, just as "The
Kingdom of God is within you." We
must not seek for either among the stars.
But it is by persistent self-examination
that we are put upon the track of true
happiness, for it is only in this way that
our eyes can be opened to the fact that
our unhappiness is caused by ourselves;
caused by giving way to chains of
thought that disturb us, perhaps only
slightly for the moment, but the seed
of worry has been sown, and happiness
and worry cannot dwell in the same
house together. Charles Kingsley says:
"If you want to be miserable, think about
yourself; about what you want, what you
like, what respects people ought to pay
you, and what people think of you." It
follows, then, conversely, that if you
want to be happy do not think about
these things. And this is the secret of
happiness — guarding your thoughts —
thinking only healthful and happy
thoughts; not giving way to depressing
influences, but putting them resolutely
by and looking on the brighter side;
not comparing yourself or your posses-
sions with those who may be so much
more fortunate, but thinking how much
more you have to be thankful for
than thousands Upon thousands of
others; cultivating cheerfulness, think-
ing about your nearest duty and doing
it — these bring happiness. Master your-
self, and do not let your thoughts master
you.
9 ^E 9
Happiness, then, is not a dream, a
"phantom or an impossibility. The key
to it lies in every man's hand. But he
must use it in the right way. If he ap-
plies it to wealth or social position or
fame, he may lose it. And if he neglects
to unlock his best sentiments and higher
feelings so that he may not become self-
centered, but full of human sympathv
and interest, the key will become rusty
and refuse to work. Every man's happi-
ness and salvation are in his own hands,
plainly visible if he will but look to see.
W. H. Shelor.
CONDUCTED BY CATHARINE COGSWELL
Impoliteness or lack of courtesy is
regarded by the inhabitants of Mexico
as the worst of sin's. A man may steal,
may lie. Indeed, truth is by no means
stranger than fiction in that land of the
Montezumas, but to be rude even in. the
least of things, is unpardonable and de-
serving of capital punishment. It might
occur to the shrewd observer that many
of the compliments and pleasant noth-
ings so freely bestowed are mere lip-
service — but what of it — if existence is
brightened or life's burdens are lightened
thereby?
To facilitate my acquirement of the
language, I taught for several months in
an orphan asylum. Every day, on arriv-
ing at the outer gate, the entire class of
forty boys met me, shook hands with and
solemnly escorted me to the class-room
whose windows opened on a spacious
patio, or inner court where flowers and
vines and a singing fountain made a
charming pleasantness. During a three
months term I never once had occasion
to correct one of my pupils, who were all
eager to learn, politely attentive and
sweetly obedient. By which it will be
seen that Mexican youth is slightly dif-
ferent from United States.
The first information you receive when
you set out to master the Spanish tongue
is that it is "so simple." It may be, but
the Spanish verb is as elusive as the Mex-
ican flea. However, one can get a work-
ing knowledge of Spanish in six weeks,
and a love-making learning in six days,
a conversational acquirement in six
months, but a scholarship not in six
years. The construction of sentences is
as absolutely different from English as it
is possible to imagine. Here is an illus-
tration of some of the difficulties English
presents to the Mexican. It is an excuse
handed to me by one of my pupils who
failed to study his lesson: "The lesson
of today I not know, all, because I can
not to learned himself, because he are
very difficult, and I have not memory,
nother time. With you we will learned
English very well in a year." This from
one who had only studied three months,
not hearing the language spoken save
for two hours daily.
Always in thinking or writing of Mex-
ico one recalls the dancing. If the Mexi-
can be lazy in all other regards, and they
frankly acknowledge inertia suits them
better than exertion, yet as dancers they
excel other nationalities. I have
known them to begin at eleven in
the morning at a garden party
and dance until eleven at night,
with relays of musicians and only
a hasty luncheon to sustain life and vi-
tality. There are many sides to a Mexi-
can's character, cruel, perhaps — and lazy
— but a charming companion, and they
are incomparable husbands and fathers.
The abject poverty seems appalling to
one accustomed to the peace and plenty
of Oregon, but are not nearly all foreign
countries afflicted in this same way — and
ignorance has helped to keep Mexico
poor. With wise Diaz at the head and
helm great strides have been made, and
will be made, towards prosperity.
'A prison wall was round us both,
Two outcast men we were;
The world had thrust us from its heart
And God from out his care,
And the iron gin that waits for sin
Had caught us in its snare."
'JESUS DELANEY."
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY,
PUBLISHERS, NEW YORK.
It has not been my lot to read many
stories of Mexico, but a novel published
this year by the Macmillan Company,
called "Jesus Delaney," is more thor-
oughly impregnated with local color, at-
mosphere and types than any tale of that
or any other country that has come my
way for many months. Having but re-
cently returned from the land of the
Montezumas I perhaps felt the more
keenly the strong insight into life as it is
lived by these foreign people, and I com-
mend "Jesus Delaney" to any and all
who want to know Mexican life as it is.
a a c.
THE TRAIL OF THE GOLD SEEKERS
BY HAMLIN GARLAND.
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY,
PUBLISHERS, NEW YORK.
Xo one can read this book and fail to
fall in love with the author, and oh, how
one's heart aches for the patient horses
on that weary, unending trail! Go with
Garland, thread with him the black for-
ests, traverse with him the miles of
mud, and splash through the gloomy
marshes, and you will feel and under-
stand that intense anxiety for the com-
fort and the safety of his dumb compan-
ions. You will sit with him beside the
campfire in the chill rain, with every
sense alert, and strained to catch the
sound of the hungry creatures ripping the
scant herbage from the quaking bog,
and you will rejoice in the luxuriance of
those rare meadows where the grass
grows fetlock deep, and the faithful
hordes revel in its richness and plenty.
The Trail of the Goldseekers is Ham-
lin Garland's greatest work. And it is
none the less great because into it he has
put himself. You see with his eyes,
think with him and feel, in that trying
trip of nearly a thousand miles, and you
come to know the Man as he is.
The interludes of verse that string the
chapters together are, for the most part,
strong and vibrant, with the wild, rude
grandeur of the desolate mighty ranges,
the roaring winds, and rushing rivers of
that limitless Northwest.
"A land of mountains based in hills of fir,
Empty, lone and cold. A land of streams,
Whose roaring voices drown the whirr
Of dearth and death."
dreams
Of death and death."
The most striking feature in the book-
selling world in England at the present
moment, as Literature says, is not the
discovery of a new poet, not the appear-
ance of a novel for which the world has
been waiting for twenty years, or of the
sensational record of travel, real or fic-
titious, but the unprecedented sale of a
religious tract written by the pastor of a
church at Topeka, Kansas. There are
one or two very curious things about the
publication and the success of "In His
Steps; or, What Would Jesus Do?" One
is its extraordinary origin, which sup-
plies rather an alarming precedent. In-
stead of completing it and then publish-
ing it in the ordinary way, Mr. Sheldon,
the writer, tried it on his congregation
first, and read it out to them on succes-
sive Sunday evenings — presumably in
the place of a sermon. Another fact
which will, we fancy, have some bearing
upon the vexed question of international
copyright is that the book, having been
published and circulated somewhat in
America, has been caught up in England
and sold out to the public in an immense
number of editions — seventeen we be-
lieve, of which eleven appeared in one
week — religious and secular publishers
competing keenly with each other in the
enterprise.
232
THE TAC1FIC SMONTHLY.
WELL-PAID AUTHORS.
Mr. Gladstone's price for a review was
$1,000.
Conan Doyle received $35,000 for "Rodney
Stone."
Ruskin's sixty-four books bring him in
$20,000 a year.
Swinburne, who writes ^ery little, makes
$5,000 a year by his poems.
Browning, in his later years, drew $10,000
a year from the sale of his works.
Ian Maclaren made $35,000 out of "The
Bonnie Briar Bush" and "Auld Lang Syne."
Anthony Hope charges $450 for a magazine
story, reserving the copyright.
Zola's first fourteen books returned him
$220,000, and in twenty years he has made at
least $375,000.
Tennyson is said to have received $60,000
a year from the Macmillans during the last
years of his life.
Mr. Moody is believed to have beaten all
others, as more than $1,250,000 has been paid
in royalties for the Gospel Hymn and Tunes
by him in conjunction with Mr. Sankey.
The Pall Mall Gazette paid Rudyard Kip-
ling $750 for each of his "Barrack Room Bal-
lads," and "The Seven Seas" brought him
$11,000. He has received 50 cents a word for
a 10,000-word story.
Mrs. Humphrey Ward received $40,000 for
"Robert Elsmere," $80,000 each for "David
Grieve" and "Marcella," $75,000 for "Sir
George Tressady," and $15,000 for "Bessie
Costrell."
Rider Haggard asks from $75 to $100 a
column of 1,500 words, and will not write an
article for which less than $10,000 is to be
paid. Two hundred thousand dollars was
paid to Alphonse Daudet for his "Sappho"—
the highest price ever paid for a novel. —
Exchange.
Worker and Dreamer.
Wake! it is day and all nature is singing,
Fling off your slumber chains, welcome the
light,
Ere the dew dries let our weapons be ringing,
Grapple the wilderness, conquer its might!
Rest, rest — let me rest!
Poppies guard my slumber —
Strong and tall and white and sweet,
Poppies without number.
Wake! there are battles to fight with oppres-
sion,
Up! throttle error, lay tyranny low,
Too long hath evil held earth in possession,
Strike — and the trumpet of liberty blow.
Go your way and let me rest,
All your pride of living
Is not worth a single dream,
Blissful sleep is giving.
Call — the response will be hearty and speedy,
Cry from the mountain tops, millions will
heed;
Lift up the fallen and succor the needy,
Scatter the forces of plunder and greed.
O the poppies fair and white,"
O the petals falling,
O the voice in slumber land,
Calling, calling, calling!
High climbed the worker, the hilltops were
glorious,
Proud were the peans that honored his
name;
Hero and leader, o'er evil victorious
Bright on his brow was the bay wreath of
fame.
Still the dreamer in the valley.
With the poppies 'round his feet,
Slumbered smiling, whispered dreaming,
Slept — and O his dreams were sweet!
I&setta. hunt Sutton.
, Spokane, Washington.
FOR SEPTEMBER.
The Century —
Stories of the sea possess a never-end-
ing charm. "The Voyage of the Spray"
is a romance of reality. Captain Slocum
begins, in this number of The Century,
the account of the adventures that befell
him on his solitary trip around the world
which he made in his staunch little sloop,
the Spray, sailing from Boston April
24th, 1895. Forty-five thousand miles is
no mean distance, and the Captain cov-
ered it in his remarkable cruise.
The September Century is distinctly a
"salt water" issue. Frank T. Bullen, of
"Cachalot" fame" discourses entertain-
ingly upon "The Way of a Ship" which,
like the way of woman, is past compre-
hension. H. Phelps Whitmarsh has
some interesting and pertinent sugges-
tions to make concerning the safety of
transatlantic travel. Among others, the
"establishment of eastward and westward
routes one degree to the southward of
their present position. This, though it
would increase the time of passage, by
an hour or so, would take vessels out of
the greater part of the fog area."
Weir Mitchell's sea gull verses lament
the fact that this
"Gray mariner of every ocean clime,"
has but one note
"For love, for hate, for joy."
And "The Spirit of the Flesh," by L. B.
Bridgman, is a poem of life — thrilling,
splendid, mysterious, a song of the soul.
McClure's —
Edwin Markham's poem, "Dreyfus,"
is the most noticeable contribution which
McClures has to offer this month.
"Oh, import deep as life is, deep as time!
There is a Something sacred and sublime,
Moving behind the world's, beyond our ken,
Weighing the stars, weighing the deeds of
"Guarding the Highways of the Sea,"
by Theodore Waters, records the ro-
mance of the hydrographic office and is
full of the mystery of the trackless deep.
According to Cleveland Moffett, Men-
elik, king of Abyssinia, is not only a
wise and progressive monarch to whom
every detail of the business of kingship
is known and personally supervised, but
a most remarkable man as well. "A
Christian King in Africa," a descendent
from the Queen of Sheba and Solomon,
he is an interesting character study, and
it is to be hoped that Mr. Moffett will go
deeper into his subject.
"The Saving Grace" is a very enter-
taining bit of humor that all serious-
minded realists should read and ponder,
for it is not without a moral.
Scribner's —
"Where the Water Runs Both Ways"
recounts the glories of Canada, "its vast
and ancient wilderness," threaded by
winding streams and myriads of lakes
that lie like gleaming jewels strung on a
chain of silver in the sombre depths of
the tiackless forests, where the moose
and the beaver are still at home.
"The Ship of Stars" in which "Q" is
taking his reader on a voyage of delight
through mystic realms of fancy, is just
now sailing into tragic storm-swept seas.
The story deepens in interest as the
months go by. There is a faint sugges-
tion of George McDonald's exquisitely
fine religious feeling prevading it like the
fragrance of those brave, sweet flowers
that bloom on windy moors, and along
the verge of cliffs that overhang bleak
northern seas.
Joel Chandler Harris continues the in-
teresting "Chronicles of Aunt Minervy
Ann." And Grace Ellery Channing
paints with her poetic pen a romance of
rose gardens and orange groves that
warms the heart and charms the senses.
234 THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
Love is never so lovely as when embow- lacking that was considered by the four
ered in bloom and illumined with south- hundred as necessary to human happi-
ern sunshine. "Francisco and Fran- ness, and bliss is augmented by the pos-
<cisca" are adorable children of the south session of beautiful wings.
whom to know is to love. "The Delightful Art of Cooking" is
-T. ~ ... extolled by Anna Leach in such manner
The Cosmopolitan — , J , , ,
r as to make every woman who reads long
"Love Laughs at Blacksmiths,"' by to be a cook. Just as a perusal of
O'Neill Latham, is an episode of very Charles Warren Stoddard's "Art Gallery
thin sentiment, presented as transpiring of the Great Lakes" inspires one to seek
upon the "other side." And the actors the mystic, sandy margin of the "shining
in the little drama are two shades, Big-Sea-Water," whose waves cradled
who, during their sojourn upon earth, Hiawatha.
were votaries of fashion. In that pur- The story of "A Life" which Maarten
lieu of Paradise to which fashionable so- Maartens tells is too sad and, alas, in its
ciety adjourns when it shuffles off this lesson, too comon to be pleasant read-
mortal coil, there is apparently nothing ing.
Semper Fidelis.
O, little do they know who lightly tread
The smooth-tpaved highway of life's happiness,
The hopes once bright, inspiring, that lie dead,
Unnumbered, blighted, lost on on grief's morass.
On grief's morass o'er-trampled — sad the strain!
Where perish human hopes — a living death,
O, little do they care! — -strangers to pain —
Tho' pleasure, fiend-like, rob a brother's breath.
What strews the world with treachery's debris?
Where germinate the deadly seeds of crime?
God knows the cause — man's inhumanity —
Accurst perversion of the plan Divine!
God rights it at His wiill! we may not see
The purposes Supreme', our eyes are dim
With ignorance and doubt. What is to be,
Will be. Our wisdom rests in trusting Him.
Oirr eyes are dim in seeking motes of wrong,
Where wrong might ne^er be. Let us apply
The scrutiny at home: — O Heaven, how long
Have we been blind! May we yet learn to die!
How long, O Heaven! by Ignorance enchained,
Shall mortals, moth-like, nor to be withstood,
Deny the Conquering Flame? Soon ordained
Shall be the law of Universal Good!
With joy the eagle fans the firmament!
The frog sings happily beside its pool!
In human chaos, light and darkness blend!
Make man an angel, animal or fool!
Behold the Indian! Proudly he ignores
Our borrow'd creeds. Living, he knows no dread
Of death! Suff'ring, he constantly adores
The Power Beyond — "The Father Overhead."
Cheer up, weak patient Mortal in thy strife!
Grave hath no lasting vict'ry! Death no sting!
There still remains a purpose in thy life,
Unto the cross of Right yet thou canst cling!
************
The Self-bound part that buoys thy wearied soul
O'er threat'ning billows, onward to life's goal.
Once freed, shall greet the Everlasting Whole! Harry E. 'Burgess.
CONDUCTED BY DOWNING, HOPKINS & CO.
All indications point to continued ac-
tivity in all lines of trade, manufactures
and transportation. The volume of
bank clearings throughout the country,
although still below the maximum level
of increase over last year's, showed an
improvement on those of the previous
month. Reports on the threshing in
three Northwestern states cut 25,000,000
bushels from their previously-estimated
yield, and the cereal has risen nearly 4
cents a bushel during the month, but
corn was reported as making splendid
progress, and exports of both cereals
were undiminished.
The banks and other money lenders in
the large cities of the interior and, for
that matter, even in many small ones,
have continued to be lenders of money
on stock exchange collateral, and eager
buyers of commercial paper in the New
York market. Since they are thus will-
ing to tie up their funds in loans on
time, it is evident that they regara their
cash reserves as ample to meet the much-
talked-about demand upon them when
the crop movement asumes its full vol-
ume. It would actually appear at this
time as if there would be no considerable
calls upon the New York banks for cur-
rency this year in connection with the
removing of the grain crops to the mar-
kets and, indeed, this demand has been
diminishing yearly for the past three or
four harvest seasons. The banks
throughout the country, and particularly
in the West, have of recent years been
maintaining much heavier reserves in
cash than they were formerly accustomed
to.
The exceedingly active state of trade
continues to be reflected in railway traffic
returns, which are simply enormous.
Inferentially, the industrial companies
must also be highly prosperous with
such a market for their goods as is im-
plied in the current activity of trade.
Atchison preferred, of which there are
114,000 outstanding and which paid its
first dividend this year, has been carried
up from 26 last year to 67 at the close
of last week. The half-yearly dividend
of 1^ per cent, payable next January,
has already been declared, but it is now
given out that something more may be
paid.
Meanwhile the adjustment 4 per cent
gold bonds of the company, which be-
come cumulative next summer, are sell-
ing at the incongruous price of 87. Ten-
nessee Coal and Iron common stock is
another remarkable instance. A further
rise of ten points last week brings it
nearer to par. The iron business is
booming, but, considering that nothing
has been paid to stockholders since the
1 per cent declared in 1887, and that the
$80,000 yearly required for dividends on
the preferred stock is six years in ar-
rears, the stock market pace seems just
a trifle hot.
The wheat market has been quiet but
firm during the month. Most of the
comment has been in the direction of
reduced crop results. Rain has been
the serious feature, worst in Nebraska,
but bad in Minnesota, South Dakota
and Oregon. Hailstorms that cost
2,000,000 bushel in a single night in a
single state are not to be ignored. The
movement to market is now under last
year's, proof that the excessive reserves
are nearing an end. There has been a
revival from Russia of the talk of poor
crop results and of small export surplus.
The grain handler with close relations
with the West expects a deliberate
movement of the spring wheat and the
grain handler with relations abroad be-
lieves in a demand fully sufficient to care
for the new movement. All look for
higher prices.
CONDUCTED BY E. C. PROTZMAN.
Pawns are the soul of chess.— Philidor.
By losing the game you gain experience. —
Henderson.
Before making a move, count eleven. —
Congdon.
Check is not mate. — Starck.
The Sicilian never attacks. — Fisher.
One player's loss is the other's gain. — Ben-
son.
Always give check, perhaps It is mate. —
Stockman.
* * *
A GAME TO STUDY.
The following game (and notes) taken from
the New-Castle-on-Tyne Chronicle, is consid-
ered one worthy of much study. Mr. Blake
is the amateur champion of Great Britain:
FRENCH DEFENSE.
J
H. Blake.
Dr
S. F. Smith.
White.
Black.
1.
P— K 4
1.
P— K 3
2.
P— Q 4
2.
P— Q 4
3.
Kt— Q B 3
3.
Kt— K B 3
4.
B— K Kt 5
4.
B— K 2
5.
P— K 5
5.
K Kt— Q 2
6.
B x B
6.
Q x B
7.
Q— Q 2
7.
Castles
8.
Kt— Q (a)
8.
P— Q B 4
9.
P— Q B 3
9.
Kt— Q B 3
10.
P— K B 4
10.
P— K B 3 (b) .
11.
Kt— B 3
11.
Px K P
12.
B P x P
12.
P x P
13.
P x P
13.
R x Kt (c)
14.
P x R
14.
Q— R 5 (ch)
15.
Kt— B 2 (d)
15.
Kt x Q P
16.
B— Kt 2
16.
Kt x K P
.17.
Castles Q R
17.
Kt (Q 5)— B 3 (e)
18.
Kt— R 3
18.
Q— Q R 5
19.
K— Kt
19.
Kt— B 5
20.
Q— B 3
20.
P— Q 5 (f)
21.
Q— Q 3 (g)
21.
Q— Kt 5
22.
Q— K 2
22.
Kt— K 6
23.
R— Q 3
23.
P— K4
24.
Kt— Kt 5
24.
Q— K 2
25.
R x Kt (h)
25.
P x R
26.
Q— B 4 (ch)
26.
K— B (i)
27.
Kt x P (ch)
27.
K— K
28.
Q— Kt 8 ch (j)
28.
K— Q 2
29.
Q— Q 5 (ch)
29.
K— B 2
30.
Q— K 4
30.
B— K3
31.
P— B 4
31.
P— K Kt 3 (k)
32.
Q x Kt P
32.
R— K Kt
33.
Q— B 2
33.
B x B
34.
Q x R
34.
Q x Kt (ch)
35.
K— R
35.
P x P
36.
Q— B 3
36.
Q— B 4
37.
R— KB
37.
B— Q 4 (1)
38.
Q— K 2
38.
Kt— Q 5
39.
R— B (ch)
39.
B— B 3
40.
Q— Q
Resigns.
40.
Q— K 5
NOTES.
(a) This line of attack against the French
Defense was first introduced by Herr Wina-
wer. The object is to connect the Pawns in
the center by 9 P— Q B 3, the Knight after-
ward coming in usefully at K 3, or K B 3.
(b) Always a strong move in the defense
when correctly timed.
(c) Very fine play, indeed, and putting
quite a new aspect on the game. But is it
analytically sound? The progress of the pres-
ent game tends to the conclusion that it is.
(d) It is difficult to determine White's best
move. Our own choice favors 15 Q — B 2,
which would probably be followed by 15...
Kt x Q P; 16 Q x Q, Kt x B P (ch); 17 K— B
2, Kt x Q, and, although Black wins yet an-
other Pawn, White remains with the, ex-
change ahead, and many attacking possibili-
ties on the open K Kt file.
(e) Much better than 17 Kt x P. for fairly
obvious reasons.
(f) Again fine play. White cannot relieve
himself with 21 R x P on account of 21...
Kt x R; 22 Q x Kt, Kt— R 6 (ch), winning the
Queen.
(g) Open to objections. We prefer 21 Q — ■
Kt 3, with a view to an exchange of Queens,
and transference of the attack to White.
(h) Well conceived, and unquestionably
his best resource. 25 Kt — K 4 would be met
by 25 ... Kt— Q Kt 5; 26 R— Q 2, B— K 3;
with an overwhelming attack.
(i) The only move. 26 . . . K — R would ob-
viously be met by 27 Kt— B 7 (ch), K— Kt;
28 K — R 6 (dbl-ch) and mate next move.
(j) These checks only serve to drive the
Black King into safety. 28 P — B 4, with a
view to liberating the Bishop, strikes us as
a better resource.
(k) Chess of a very high order. Black
threatens 32 . . . B— B 4 anu 32 . . . Q x Kt.
White is, therefore, practically compelled to
capture this Pawn, whereupon Black wins
two pieces for his Rook.
(1) The winning move. If 38 Q x B P (ch),
Q x Q; 39 Rx Q, P— K 7 and wins. Dr.
Smith's conduct of the whole of this game is
admirable, and shows how thin is the divid-
ing-line between the chess-master and the
really talented amateur, for the game
throughout contains master-plays, which is
seldom excelled even in international tourna-
ments.
The Oregon Industrial Exposition.
Oregon's Exposition this year promises to
surpass all former efforts and attract atten-
tion throughout the country. The Exposi-
tion will, on the whole, be bigger, better,
more attractive than ever and Oregonians
will have reason to feel proud of it. The
great Exposition building, which, by the way,
is one of the largest in the United States,
has been much improved and its seating ca-
pacity increased. A new gallery has been
erected in music hall, which will have 500
reserved seats. This innovation will enable
the people to secure seats in advance, and
prevent the disappointment that has been so
apparent heretofore when not even standing
room could be obtained without going to the
Exposition at an unseasonable hour.
The amusement and elevating features of
the Exposition have never received more at-
tention. The committtee pays out over $10,-
000 for these features alone.
Among the special attractions of this
year's Exposition will be a striking repro-
duction of Multnomah Falls, as true to nature
as possible, with water falling 80 feet. There
will also be a reunion of all of Oregon's
veteran soldiers and sailors, and a probable
presentation of a sword to Captain Clarke,
of the battleship Oregon. The National
Guard of Oregon will have exhibition com-
petitive drills for $75 cash prizes, and the
amateur photographers will be encouraged
to place their best work on exhibition, and
will be awarded $150 in prizes.
Two of the greatest aerial and acrobatic
attractions in the world have already been
engaged, and others are being negotiated for.
People who delighted in seeing the wonder-
ful Hegelmans last year, will see other
wonders even more wonderful at the Expo-
sition this season.
The products of the farm, forest, mine,
• stream and factory are all going to be on ex-
hibition at the Exposition, which will make
it an object lesson instructive and invalu-
. able to all. The Exposition management
will take to Portland free of charge all ex-
hibits; shipping tags and full particulars
will be sent if you will drop a line to "Sec-
retary Industrial, Exposition, Portland, Ore."
Gold, siver and bronze medals and diplo-
mas will be awarded for the best exhibits,
and the farmers and producers who send ex-
hibits will be doing good work for them-
selves and the whole North Pacific coast —
work that will result in bringing here people
and wealth and development. It is intended
to have on exhibition a sample of every va-
: riety of grain and grass that grows in the
Northwest, with full particulars as to its
growth, yield, etc.
In view of the attractions that have been
secured and improvements made, and judging
by the preparations that are being made by
people all pver the Northwest to attend the
Exposition, vast crowds will visit the Ex-
position nightly. Transportation lines will
give special rates, and it is expected that the
Exposition will draw from sections that here-
tofore have not been sufficiently attracted to
attend. Certainly all Oregon will be there
during the month.
An executive committee of representative
business men conduct the Oregon Industrial
Exposition, and devote a great deal of their
time to its details and successful manage-
ment. The only compensation these enter-
prising men receive or desire is the advance-
ment of the Northwest, and the general good
of all its people. No money is made out of
the Exposition. It takes considerable cash to
carry on such a great enterprise. As a start-
er the business men of Portland subscribe
about $12,000 in cash to meet preliminary
expenses. After all bills are paid, this fund
is returned to subscribers, if it is in the
treasury. Otherwise, a proportion of it is
returned. The income of the exposition is
from admission fees, which are put down to
25 cents each, and 10 cents for children. Of
the thousands who attend, all agree that the
entertainment and instruction which they
have received is worth many times the price
of admission.
The enterprising business men who com-
pose the exposition general committee are:
H. C. Breeden, president; I. N. Fleischner,
vice-president; R. J. Holmes, treasurer; W.
S. Struble, secretary; E. C. Masten, assistant
secretary; H. E. Dosche, auditor; George L.
Baker, superintendent; J. P. Marshall, Ben
Selling, H. L. Pittock, D. Soiis Cohen. C. B.
Williams, Dan McAllen, A. B. Steinbach, J.
E. Thielsen. D. M. Dunne, R. C. Judson, L.
M. Spiegl, Sig. Sichel, H. D. Ramsdell, B. S.
Pague, Captain E. S. Edwards and General
O. Summers.
The Exposition will open September 28
and close October 28.
■3s -5^ -^
Curran once met his match in a pert, jolly,
keen-eyed son of Erin, who was up as a wit-
ness in a case of dispute in the matter of a
horse deal. Curran much desired to break
down the credibilty of this witness, and
thought to do it by making tlie man contra-
dict himself — by tangling him up in a net-
work of adroitly framed questions — but to
no avail.
238
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
The 'ostler was a companion to Sam Weller.
His good common sense, and his equanimity
and good nature were not to be overturned.
By-and-by Curran, in a towering wrath,
belched forth, as not another counsel would
have dared to do in the presence of the
court:
"Sirrah, you are incorrigible! The truth
is not to be got from you, for it is not in
you. I see the villain in your face!"
"Faith, yer honor,' said tne witness, with
the utmost simplicity of truth and honesty,
"my face must be moity clane and shinin',
if it can reflect like that."
For once in his life the great barrister was
floored by a simple witness. He could not
recover from that repartee, and the case
went against him.
There is in the British Museum an alman-
ac 3000 years old. It is not printed on paper,
but written on papyrus, the substance, made
of reeds, used for paper by the old Egypt-
ians. The days are written in columns in
red ink, and after each day is written a pre-
diction regarding the weather for that day.
* * *
"Just think of it!'' she exclaimed. "A
woman who arrived five minutes too late
for an ocean steamer was so disappointed
she lost her reason."
"That is a remarkable case," he admitted.
"My experience with women would lead me
to believe most of them would be more likely
to go insane because of the shock, if they
happened to be on time somewhere some-
time."
* « *
When a man says "I lie," does he lie or
does he speak the truth? If he lies he
speaks the truth; if he speaks the truth, he
lies.
* * *
The following story is so good that one
wishes it might be true: Queen Victoria, it
seems, sometimes goes unannounced into
the nursery at Buckingham Palace where the
Battenberg children who live with her play
with each other or entertain their visitors.
Two girls were among these visitors the
other day, when the Queen came into the
room, very much to their consternation.
They had never been taught how to address
her, but having been well brought up in Bi-
ble history, they suddenly remembered what
Daniel did before King Darius. So they
threw themselves at the £eet of the Queen
and cried out, with a loud voice, "0, Queen,
live for ever," greatly to her amusement,
who, being most of all a woman, as all good
queens must be, laughed, and taking them
on her knee, entertained them with funny
questions.
Miss Arabella: "Don't you think I look
dreadfully pale, doctor?"
The Doctor: "Yes, indeed, you do, mad-
emoiselle."
Miss Arabella: "Then what do you advise
me to do?"
The Doctor: "Wipe some of the powder off
your face." — Figaro, Paris.
The Canadian.
Have you hear de story, how Sir Wilfred
Laurier
Try to smash de promised union of de Yan-
kee and Anglais?
Wilfred Laurier, he good Frenchman, born
de noder side Kebec —
When he hear dem parlez union, try for bust
heem in de nee.
'Bout de tarn hooraw feller, Dewey knocked
de red and yellow,
Dat de tarn dey talk alliance, tinx (ley giv,
de worl' defiance,
Say de Latin race is 'passe' — dat's w'ot mak,
ol' Laurier sassy.
Wen MacKinley gets 'une lettaire' from de
Queen of Angleterre,
W'en de Queen say, 'You mon broder.' Mac
feel happy, call her noder.
Nows' de tarn for get togedder, mak de un-
ion— no tarn better;
Ev'ryt'ing so nice an' quiet — come to Wash-
ington for try it!
Come my place an' drink de liquor, smoke
cigar an' mak' de dicker;
Den de Queen say, 'I send me two, tree friend
for represent me,
An' byan' by I come myself me — save for me
one little cup tea,
For it make me more de younger, an' I don't
feel any hunger.
An' dey have 'de bon plaisir' — ev'ryone en-
joy heeself d.ere; —
W'en dey talk of come togedder, all de worl'
is getting better;
'Bring de pen, we feel incline for mak' agree-
ment we all sign!'
Den Mackinley tak' de pen, pass heem to
Canayen;
Den Laurier jump from off hees stool an'!
say — 'Ba non! I no dam fool!'
'You tink we Frenchmen like for see de Yank
an' Englishman agree?
You geev' Alaska — I don't care — a peec o'
heem may stop 'de guerre;
I like for see you people scrap — I crawl in
hole, don't care de rap!'
Walter Csyley Belt
* * ■*
Violinist (to publisher of journal for art
and literature): "I told your reporter that
the violin on which I played is a genuine
Stradivarius, and one of the very best in ex-
"DRIFT.
239
istence. Why did you cut that out of the re-
port?"
Publisher: "That's all right. If Mr. Strad-
ivarius wants to get puffed up in\our paper,
he must advertise with us, and that's all
there is about it." — Scottish Reformer, Glas-
gow.
'* * *
Standard Articles.
A person once the possessor of a genuine
standard article is never satisfied with any-
thing less. He may try to deceive himself
into thinking that the substitute is "just as
good," answers his purposes, or "suits him,"
but deep down in his inner consciousness
there lies the conviction that there is a stan-
dard article, and he can no more help look-
ing at it with envious eyes than he can help
breathing. It is the unintentional and some-
times even unconscious acknowledgement of
merit.
These facts are brought heme to us in no
more striking way than when we consider
merit and standard in the manufacture* of
bicycles. This inner tribute which the whole
world bestows on a standard article is, we
may say without fear of contradiction, and
always has been, characteristic of Columbia
bicycles. They are the acknowledged "Stan-
. dard of the World," and the possessor of one
is proud in his consciousness of this fact.
There is a certain satisfaction that comes
from riding "the best," "the world's stan-
dard," and no other, however good, can give
that peculiar satisfaction. In this sense,
therefore, the Columbia bicycle is "the"
'wheel; all others are substitutes. The im-
provements made in "Columbia" chain and
chainless wheels, and the watchful vigilance
■of the Pope Manufacturing Company, insure
this enviable position for the Columbia for
years to come.
*
*
Lady Clare: "Do you not know, Pat, that
it is impolite to swear before a ladyV"
The Coachman: "Shure, mum, Oi didn't
know yez wanted to shwear first." — Ally
Sloper, London.
* * *
An Arizona "Bar" Story.
The hero of this adventure is a near rela-
tive of the late governor, now senator elect,
of a great Southern state. His repuation for
truthfulness is first-class and the story here-
with can be relied on as a true one.
"Hello Vic," I said meeting him after the
lapse of years, "where have you been all
this time?"
"No whar'."
"No where V I thought you had been down
in Arizona and New Mexico."
"So I hev, but ef that air patch ov kintry
a'int no whar then I don't know where 'tis.
The feller what made that air kintry, had a
lot of sand, snakes, bugs, tarantillers, cac-
tus, bar' and sich trash left over an' he jist
dumped the whol' biznes down in a heap like,
an' some darn fool come along an' found it
an' a thinkin' he'd got nothin' an' no whar,
call'd one part New Mexico, caz it don't
mean nothin', an' the 'tother Arizonny, caz
it means less then nothin'."
"It would be all right if it had water,
wouldn't it V"
"Say, old man, thats all the next hot place
is a needin', I'm a thinkin'."
"That air kintry is no good and 'a never a
be, water n'r no water."
"You say there were plenty of bear there
so you must have had some adventures with
them?"
"Well, I hev met a few bar' in my time an'
had some klose calls; onct tho't my meat
wuz the bars' sure az blazes but I played the
lucky card an' saved my bacon, an' likewize,
my girl down in Silver City has a husbun as
she would not hev hed ef that bar' family
hed be'n a little bit quicker."
" 'Twas like this, you see the winter o' '82
wuz a long hard one down thar in the Mo-
golion mountains an' I had bin laid by with
a spell o' slow fever fer several weeks an'
no doctor nor med'ein but as spring wuz a
cumin' on I kinder got better an' co'd set
up sum. My ol' dog Lb'nzr had a dose of
rumtiz an' the cat was none too pert nether,
but the warming sun seemed to give us a
new pull on life, an' tue whole family was
kin' o' hop'ful."
"One ev'nin' az I wuz a settin' in front o'
the cabin I tho't a chunk of fresh meet
w'uld be bettern' than the jerked beef I hed
a bin chewin' on fer some time, so ^ tuk my
kill em quick an' started up the hill fer game,
knowin' the spring sun w'uld bring it out."
"Did I tell yer the cat an' dog follerd
along too? Not as they might help a feller
kill bar' tho' but yer see we waz all in the
family and were boun ter help each other
out."
"Bein' week from the long spell o' sick-
ness I sot down agin' a tree to rest an' git.
my wind when all a suddent like, a thundern'
big grizzly look'd over the top of a hill close
to me an' growled, an' licked his chops, an'
seemd ter say 'ol' man yer are a goner,' an'
I tho't so too."
"I knowd' he was hungry fer fresh meet,
fer he'd been coop'd up all winter 'n no
grub."
"Dock, I waz pretty week an' wished I waz
heme in my cabin. I razd' my gun an' let
him hev one fer lookin' sassy at me."
"My narvs wuz unstedy an' the bar' wuz
only wounded an' he got right mad an'
started fer me like a snow slide."
"I shet my eyes an' tho't uv my girl in
Silver an' pray'd mighty fast."
"All a suddent I he'rd 'nother growl an'
open'd my eyes an' as sure as preachin'
there wuz 'nother grizzly a chawin' at the
feller as what I had wounded. Gosh! how
the fur flew as they fit. I flr'd agin at the
240
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
second bar', bein' excited like."
"Then he got mad an' left the bar I'd
wounded an' came fer me like lightnin' an'
just as I tho't I waz a goner sure another
bar' come over the hill an' lit into him like
as it wuz his flte. I wuz so riled up as bein'
no good with a gun no more thet I let that
air tird hev a shot thinkin' he had no biz-
nes a comin' in my flte."
"Well, three bar', all wounded, some worse
then the other, was a sittin' a little too num-
'rous fer me an' I wisht I waz at home, an'
to add to my troubles, gee whizz gosh! a
fourth one as big as a mounun' came a tar-
in' over the hill an I let nim hev the last
chunk ov lead in my gun and started fer my
shanty."
"The whole busines' of 'em seem'd to
think I was ter blame fer their family row,
an' they come fer me like mad an' I a streak-
in' fer the shanty, didn't even tech the high
places. Ye ought ter seed the dog an' the
cat a goin' fer it too; sometimes the cat waz
on top an' agin, the dog; the cat's tail wuz
ez big as yer arm and the dog's rumytiz waz
all forgot. We'd no mor'n got in an closed
the door when bang, bang, bang, bang, the
bars' heds bumped it an' then I fainted an'
I didn't know nothin' fer a long time."
"When I got over the second spell o' fever
it waz 'long late in the spring an' ez I hed
hed enu'f of trapin' fer one life time I pulled
my freight rite fer Silver an' went into the
hospital fer general repairs."
cAlbert J. Capron.
Years ago, Joaquin Miller, journeying on
foot, was overtaken by a countryman, who
took him on his wagon, and gave him a
long ride. Tired, at length, of conversation,
the poet took a novel from his pocket, and
poured over it long and silently. "What are
you reading?" said the countryman. "A
novel of Bret Harte's," said Mr. Miller,
"Well, now, I don't see how an immortal be-
ing wants to be wasting his time with such
stuff." "Are you quite sure," said the poet,
"that I am an immortal being?" "Of course
you are." "If that be the ease," responded
Miller, "I don't see why I should be so very
economical with my time."
enger watched it approach and thunder by
the station at top speed. The traveler was
annoyed, and, turning to a colored man who
stood near, remarked: "That train didn't
stop!" "No, sir," replied the colored citizen,
cheerfully, "didn' even hes'tate."
In Hannibal Hamlin's earlier days, at a
certain caucus in Hampden, the only attend-
ants were himself and a citizen of large
stature Mr. Hamlin had some resolutions
to pass which began by representing that
they were presented to a "large and respect-
able" gathering of voters. "Hold on," cried
the other man, "we can't pass that, for it
ain't true! It ain't a large and respectable
caucus! There's only two of us " "You
keep still brother," commanded the wily
Hannibal; "it's all right, for you are large
and I am respectable. You just keep still.
So the resolutions were passed without fur-
ther demur.
If we cannot strew life's oath with flowers,
we can at least strew it with smiles.-
Charles Dickens.
Senator Wolcott, of Colorado, tells a story
of a man who, while traveling in a parlor
car between Omaha and Denver, fell asleep
and snored so loudly that every one in the
coach was seriously annoyed. Presently an
old gentleman approached the sleeper shook
him and brought him out of his slumber
with a start. .
"What's the matter?" he exclaimed.
"Why your snoring is annoying every one
in the car," said the old gentleman kindly.
"How do you know I am snoring," queried
the source of the nuisance.
"Why, we can't help but hear it."
"Well, don't believe all you hear," re-
plied the stranger, and went to sleep again.
Good literature is as necessary to the
growth of the soul as good air to the growth
of the body, and it is just as bad to put weak
thoughts into a child's mind as to shut it
up in an unventilated room. — Charles Dud-
ley Warner.
The Christan is always in the school of
Christ. This does not mean that he always
has a book in his hand. Many of the most
needful lessons are learned amid the hard
experiences of daily life.
An Englishman traveling in Maryland had
occasion to investigate the running time of
the trains that passed through the small
place where he was stopping. Carefully
searching a time-table, he found, apparently,
that there would be an express train due at
four o'clock that afternoon. The English-
man was on time with his grip, etc., and so
was the express train. The intending pass-
"A bonnet represents a kind of queer flow-
er, whose heart is formed of a woman's face,
a full-blown rose, which in the place of sta-
mens and pistils, bears glances and smiles."
♦
The pivotal point of character is fidelity.
He who is unfaithful to his intellectual or
moral convictions degrades himself to the
level of a coward and forges for himself
shackles which all time will not suffice to
wear away.
.A
Beautiful is young enthusiasm. Keep it to
the end, and be more and more correct in
fixing on the object of it.— Thomas Carlyle.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
STOP! THINK!! 1
THE PORTLAND SANITARIUM S
is fully equipped for treating all forms of Dis V
eases, has the best of medical skill and thorough- j*
ly trained gentlemen and lady nurses. Is also jj
prepared to administer all forms of treatment T*
in the way of Baths— Electricity, Manual jj
Swedish Movements, Massage, etc., and v*
for using the many appliances that have been so W
thoroughly tried by the parent institution lo- 9
cated at Battle Creek, Mich., the largest institu- W
tion of the kind in the world.
For further information and terms, write
The Portland Sanitarium,
X
First and Montgomery Sts., Portland, Or. V
' Amongst the minor ills of life
One of the <very <zvorst is laundry <work that is badly done. It not only uses up the
cloth rapidly, but it destroys the temper and gives one an unsatisfactory appearance
•where finish is most needed. S<£ Starched linen collars, shirts and cuffs must be un-
questionably immaculate, done <with no risk, a certainty as to result.
THE UNION LAUNDRY
has come to represent this to men <who make any effort at all to dress <weL. Those
ivho have not tried us <rvill find that it will pay them to do so. Send a postal or tele-
phone, and <we will call.
UNION LAUNDRY COMPANY,
Telephones
Columbia 5042.
Oregon, Albina 41.
53 Randolph Street. #
Downing, Hopkins & Co.
♦♦♦ BROKERS ♦♦♦
Chicago
Board of Trade.
New York
Stock Exchange.
Continuous market quotations at principal centers of trade received
over our own wires. Branch offices at Seattle, Tacoma, Spokane,
Walla Walla, Colfax, Wash., Vancouver and Victoria, B. C.
I
CORRESPONDENCE INVITED.
Head Office,
Ground Floor, Chamber of Commerce,
Portland, Ore.
♦♦♦
++♦+♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦ ++++++++++++
When dealing with our advertisers.^kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
CARRIES A FULL LINE OF
Electric Supplies
SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
COR. SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
MOTORS from One-half Horse Power Up
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kinds
of Machinery.
ARC and INCANDESCENT LIOHTINQ.
Electric and Bell Wiring a Specialty
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
Insure your property ivith the
Home Insurance Co*
....OfNeiv York
Cash Capital, $3,000,000.00.
The Great American Fire Insurance
Company.
Assets aggregating; ov<-r $12.000,000.00.' ALL
available tor American Policy Holders.
J. D. COLE/HAN, General Agent,
J ;HX H. BURGARD,
SPECIAL AGENT.
250 Stark Street,
POKILAND, OR.
334 ALOER SI.
GRILL WORK TOR ELEVATOR EHCL0SUR
p9RHANI>.0re$oi\.;
Wire and Iron Fencing,
Window Guards, Etc.
Tel. Black 1961.
335 ALDER ST.
TH8 Blumauer-FranR Drug Co.
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
******************************
W. J. THOMSON & CO.
*
■J:
^ First-class work in
* HALF TONES
ZINC ETCHING
DESIGNING
>
i
i
4b \05l4 First Street, Bet. Stark and Washington ,f.
* Portland, Oregon ^
ENGRAVING
Artistic Effects in Photography - «g <£ «£
1
(Are demanded noiv as never before. We have all of the
up-to-date methods for securing this result.
^-s^V^V-N/N^^,
MOORE'S, Dekum Building, Portland, Or.
W^e call for, sponge, press and deliver one suit of
your clothing each week for $1.00 per month.
VZ:JXZ™%: Unique Tailoring Co., 124 6th St.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
^meriranjjpundnj^.
COR. TWELFTH AND FLANDERS STS.
All Orders Promptly Executed. Telephones— 851 Both Companies
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
BtJf 'PEIR AND gxHBJ&SJS
Telephone 371.
105, 107, 1074 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
Portland Cut-Rate Taxidermist Co.
1843^ THIRD ST., PORTLAND, OR.
Birds, Animals and Insects finely mounted in
a life-like manner. Rates reasonale.
Lessons given in
Taxidermy 50 cents.
W. B. MALLEIS, Manager.
Established 187a
JOHN A. BECK
Dealer in
waters, Diamonds, Jewelry, Silverware,
270 Morrison St., Bet. Third and Fourth,
Repairing a Specialty PORTLAND. OREGON
SURETY BONDS
Fidelity and Deposit Company of Maryland.
Capital and Surplus, $2.50;V)OO.O0. issues guar-
antee bonds to employes in positions of trust,
Court Bonds, Federal Officers', City, County
and State Officials' Bonds issued promptly.
Agents in all principal towns throughout
the State of Oregon.
FRANK L. GILBERT,
Gen-l Agent,
SAN FRANCISCO.
W. R. MACKENZIE,
State Agent,
208 Worcester Block,
PORTLAND, OR.
Telephone Main 986.
SCIENTIFIC MASSEUR J> J-
cAcute and Chronic Rheumatic Affections,
Nervous Diseases and Obesity successfully treat-
ed by Electricity, Massage, Dry Hot Air, and
Vapor 'Baths, " N F meleen, m g.
Phones —
office, Black 2857. Office, 318-319 Marquam Bldg.
Residence, Black 691.
W. A. Knight.
W. M. Knight.
KNIGHT SHOE CO.
Successors to Knight & Eder.
sole agents
SOROSIS for Women.
BLACK CAT for Men.
$3.50.
292 Washington|SL
Opposite Perkins Hotel,
Portland, Or.
THE J. K. GILL CO.
Finest stationery
Masonic Temple, Third and Alder Sts., Portland, Ore.
ALL THE LATEST BOOKS
Prices to Meet All Competitors
ONE OF THE PROBLEMS
Of merchandising has been, how best to advertise.
A store must advertise or it cannot prosper.
IT HAS BEEN FOUND
That magazine advertising pays best in proportion
to the outlay.
MORAL !
Advertise in The Pactfic Monthly 20.000 readers
every month, and before the family thirty days.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY- AD VERTISING SECTION.
Northwest School Furniture Co.
291 Yamhill St., Portland, Oregon.
MANUKACTURKRS OV
"TRIUMPH AUTOMATIC" SCHOOL DESK
School officers cannot afford to experiment wi h
public funds. The "Triumph Automatic" is no
experiment; over arnillion Triumph desks in use.
HYLOPLATE BLACKBOARDS.
Write for samples and special ciiculars and catalogues.
Globes, Charts, Maps, Window Shades, Flags, Bells, Teachers' Desks,
Settees and Chairs.
DID YOU EVER THINK ?
that a man is known by the clothes he wears? It is true —
HE IS. A man cannot afford then to dress shabbily, carelessly,
or in poor taste — not when perfect fitting garments and perfect
style and the best goods are at his command at a very reason-
able price. If you want to take advantage of this fact come to our
store and let lis talk it over with you. We are sure to suit you.
177 fourth street I. D. BOYER, Merchant Tailor.
% Y. M. C. A. Building.
5
t
%
«V*
Oregon Phone Columbia '
Clay 931. Phone 307.
3£llis printing Co.
ESTABLISHED IN 1867.
PRINTERS
PUBLISHERS
STEREOTYPERS
(Anything in the Printing line, from a card to a catalogue.
105 FIRST STREET, PORTLAND, OREGON.
!
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
NDIAN LEGENDS, stories with a Western
flavor, or manuscript treating of any un-
usual or unique subject, are solicited by The
Pacific Monthly. If you know of anything
unusual that you think the public would be
interested in, write us about it.
Address
The Pacific Monthly,
' Portland, Oregon.
***'#»*»»»»»»»»»»W#*'^*» r«» ** ******** ** * ******* ****************
When dealing with our advertisers; kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
PUBLISHERS' ANNOUNCEMENT.
Twenty-Five Dollars in Gold
4b
e)jh>
eij^s
IN ADDITION to the regular commission of
35 per cent, is offered by the publishers of
The Pacific Monthly to the persons sending in
the largest number of subscriptions to the maga-
zine during the months of August, September
and October. & jtjtjt^tjtjtjtjt
This sum will be divided as follows:
$12.50 to the one sending in the largest num-
ber; $7.50 to the one sending in the second
largest number, and $5.00 to the one sending
in the third largest number, jt j j» jk j* jn
• . • • •
•*•'.
The Subscription Price of the Pacific Monthly
Is One Dollar a year, so that 35 cents is made on
every subscription obtained. A young man or
woman with very ordinary ability can easily se-
cure ten subscriptions a day, which would mean
$3.50 clear profit. J> J> J> This is a chance to
make pocket money with very little effort, as it is
easy to obtain subscribers when the purposes and
merits of the magazine are understood.
Constant Improvement
• • • •
:•£?:
• ••••
• • •• •
• « • • • •
The Pacific Monthly will be greatly improved during the
coming months, and will become more and more unique.
Although it has been, and still is, the intention of the pub-
lishers to make the magazine characteristic of the Pacific
Coast, and especially of the Pacific Northwest, it will, at
the same time, appeal to popular interests, j* J> J> This
result is obtained by dividing the magazine into two parts
—that devoted to articles on Northwest and general sub-
jects, stories, etc., and that devoted to the Departments.
PUBLISHERS' ANNOUNCEMENT.
••?•"• In the first part, and in keeping with the intention to .•;£:•*
;•>.;': reflect the character and institutions of the Northwest, •'••<•]
•?*•••• there will begin in September
:<i*:
•••••••
"The Indian Arabian Nights
A series of unusually interesting stories of the Indians,
"THE PROBABLE ISSUES IN THE NEXT CAMPAIGN."
"FURTHER VIEWS ON EXPANSION."
"THE MOST BEAUTIFUL SCENERY IN THE WORLD."
•.
99 :';.•:•:
••.
» • • •
;•>••; told in a graphic manner by Prof. H. S. Lyman of Astoria, •£?•£:
»?••;.• Oregon, who has made a special study of the subject. .•*••••!
£>;• These stories are exceedingly fascinating, and cannot fail £.*#>.•.
••*•••• *° interest readers every where. ;•;•? :
•'.'?:'* Live articles are now being prepared by competent •••'•;
#*•!'• writers for this part of the magazine on :;*'•:
&
J^.'.iS The best illustrated and descriptive article on the Columbia River that
^•.'#."••. has yet appeard from any source. This article, with its elaborate
•$.•£* illustrations, will alone be worth the price of the magazine for
J^V»t a whole year. Jt S <£ In addition to the few articles 5ti*?!
£•.'••■•• mentioned, there will also appear a series by Prof. »tvf*
V.*l* "W. H. Hudson, of Stanford University, and •.••>••
:;>••• DR. DAVID STARR JORDAN, JjJJfS
•V^«*0 President of the University, will be a regular contributor to the magazine. ••**'••
>>r; ss* ;£?>:
•••#;• In the second part of the magazine— the Departments £•*;••
;•'•*•? —the publishers furnish something strikingly_original, not •;•>*.
contents. At present they number ten, as follows: i'v?:
•*'•*.•. duplicated in any other periodica'. These Departments
•J.'lS w^^ be gradually increased in number and improved in
••vv contents. At present they number ten, as follows :
OUR POINT OF VIEW— (Editorial.)
THE MONTH — A resume of the month in Politics, Science, Lit-
erature, Art, Education and Religious Thought, with Leading Events. ••^7«
QUESTIONS OF THE DAY— A department given over to •••;>:
••*£" our readers for the purpose of expressing themselves on the questions #tv?;
••It*; before the poeple. ?;*'•'"
#;•• BOOKS.
;ft?-; THE FINANCIAL WORLD.
;?'•?••• THE MAGAZINES— Reviews the leading magazines of the ?'•''?•
VS.'i country. ?'.*•*,
$•£ MEN AND WOMEN. Jt^V
THE IDLER— A department of chat. •;?•*:.
chess. •;•:•>:
DRIFT— Devoted to the lighter side of life. •;?•*•
!.•"•'*• ••••••*
^•••v Those wishing to avail themselves of the above offer should not fail to write at once. This »••.•»
•^•••* is especially a splendid opportunity tor students to make money during vacation, and even after V*^."*
■ ••**• school hours. Outfits will be sent upon application, but applicants must send references. • •.*.•»
•#*•*•• Address without delay, •••*••*
■$?;• THE PACIFIC MONTHLY, Macleay Building, Portland, Oregon. ••£:•
•:-'.
.•.••
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦»♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦ »♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
..ABOUT CORNS..
What IS 3 Com ? Physicians call it a Calvus, a calous or horny thickening of the skin, over a joint
^^^^^^^^ in a toe, with a central core or "kernel." A corn cut in half would look very
much like, this
Kifore t slnif.
Af.or I si if.
F — Joint of
Toe.
Willniiietfe Corn Cure. « illameUe Corn Cure.
What Produces a Com? PRESSURE. Not necessarily that the shoe is tight, but while appar-
========— —————— —————— ently roomy, does at some position during walking, press upon one
spot; the result is a "CORN."
Having a Com WHAT SHALL I DO FOR IT? Ah! now there is the question. Some people
•^ — » pare them, getting a little temporary relief, but stimulating thz corn to twice as
rapid growth. Well, here is a clear and colorless fluid called
WILLAMETTE CORN CURE,
IT WILL REMOVE CORNS AND LEAVE A NATURAL SKIN IN ITS PLACE.
25 Cents per Bottle. For Sale by all Druggists.
»-+ ♦♦»♦»♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦
£****«-*************#***£**#**?
The Right Road <&
M
%
Is the Great Rock Island
Route. «5* £• J> j*
Dining car service the „
best, elegant equipment, 5
and fast service J> J> J- )%■
.uxunous
ravel
$
For further information
address
A. E. COOPER, General Agent,
Pass. Dept.
246 Washington Street,
t. PORTLAND, jt OREGON.
THE "North-Western Limited" trains,
electric lighted throughout, both inside
and out, and steam heated, are, with-
out exception, the finest trains in the world.
They embody the latest, newest and best
ideas for comfort, convenience and luxury
ever offered the traveling public, and al-
together are the most complete and splen-
did production of the Car Builders' art.
THESE SPLENDID TRAINS
CONNECT WITH
The Great Northern
The Northern Pacific and
The Canadian Pacific
AT ST. PAUL, FOR
CHICAGO and the EAST.
No extra charge for these superior accommo-
dations and all classes of tickets are available for
passage on the famous" North-western Limited."
All trains on this line areprotected by the Inter-
locking Block system.
W. H. MEAD,
GEN'L AGENT,
The North-Western Line.
PORTLAND, OR.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
A Word with Eastern Advertisers
The 'Pacific S^Cprthvjest is one of the best fields in the United States for judicious
advertising. The country is rich and prosperous, crops ne'ber fait, and the popula-
tion is steadily increasing, olving to the steady influx from less favored regions.
Unquestionably a desirable field to reach.
THE FIELD IN WHITE IS THE FIELD OF THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
The Pacific Monthly
Coders this field exclusively. Others may dabble in it. The Pacific SMonthly covres it.
<As for circulation, the Pacific SMonthly is one of the few magazines tt>est of the Miss-
issippi that guarantees circulation. Our svjorn statement for Ayer & Sons &{e<wspaper
(Annual is as foltovjs :
Average per month, during the last eight months . . 5435 copies.
Highest single issue 6500 copies.
lowest single issue 5ooo copies.
■>*-« »c
Our rates are unusually low. It will pay any advertiser wishing to reach this field
and the entire Pacific Coast at one and the same time, to drop us a
postal. Let us tell you more about it. We can make
it worth your while. Address
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY,
SMACLEAY BUILDING, PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Paci6c Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
♦ ♦
2 Overland Trains Daily 2
-THE-
YELLOWSTONE PANT". DINING CAR LINE.
...When going to the ...
BUFFALO HUMP MINING COUNTRY,
t ™tehE NORTHERN PACIFIC, *££■
Direct service to the GOLD FIELDS of British Columbia,
via SPOKANE, WASH.
Tickets sold to all points
in the United States and Canada.
Telephone Main 244.
A. D. CHARLTON,
Assistant General Passenger Agent,
255 Morrison St., Cor. Third,
Portland, Oregon.
*"T TTtf It
THE MAGNIFICENT SCENERY
OF —
COLUMBIA RIVER
The most beautiful in the world, can best be seen
from the steamers "DAISES CITY'
"REGULATOR" of the
and
44
REGULATOR LINE
DO NOT MISS THIS.
<tt
Steamers leave Portland, Oak St. Dock, 7 a. m, daily,
except Sunday, for The Dalles, Cascade Locks, Hood
River and way landings.
C. G. THAYER, Agt.,
Oak St. Dock, Portland.
(Phone 914.)
W. C. ALLAWAY,
Gen. Agt ,
The Dalles, Or.
Ore— PHONES 734— Cot.
Model Laundry Company
308 MADISON STREET,
Between Fifth and Sixth
PORTLAND,
OREGON.
THE ONLY LINE
-OFFERING-
TWO Routes from Portland.
THREE Routes through Colorado.
FOUR Routes east thereof.
The Grandest Mountain Scenery in America
by daylight.
Personally conducted tourist excursions
through to the east without change of cars
Free Reclining Chair Cars in all trains.
New and Elegant Equipment.
Perfect Dining Car Service.
STOPOVER IN UTAH OR COLORADO
GRANTED ON AI,I, CLASSES OF TICKETS
No trouble to answer questions.
M. J. ROCHE, J. D. MANSFIELD
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
253 Washington St., Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with, our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
xix
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Columbia River & Puget Sound Navigation Co.
Portland and Astoria
Steamers Telephone or Bailey Gatzert leave foot Alder
Street daily (except Sunday;, 7 A. M.
-I^ave Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
U. B. SCOTT, President
\ii
WINTER SCHEDULE-Daily
Train No. 22 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
•Astoria at 12:15 p. m.
Train No. 24 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at 11:10 p. m.
Return
Train No. 21 leaves Astoria at 8.00 a. m., arrives in
Portland at 12:15 p. m.
Train No. 23 leaves Astoria at 6:30 p. m. and arrives
in Portland at 10:35 p. tn.
Train No. 22 runs through to Seaside, leaving Seaside
on the return at 2:50 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia Kiver R. R. Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:00 p. m., arriving at
Astoria at 12:15 P- na and 11:10 p. m. Leaving for Sea-
«ide at 12:20 p. m.
GO EAST VIA
Oregon Short Line Railroad
THE DIRECT ROUTE TO
Montana, Utah, Colorado
and all Eastern and Southern Points.
Affording choice of two routes, via the UNION
PACIFIC Fast Mail Line or the RIO
GRANDE Scenic Lines through Colorado.
LOOK AT THE TIME
1 1 DAYS TO SALT LAKE
24 DAYS TO DENVER
34 DAYS TO CHICAGO
44 DAYS TO NEW YORK
Free Reclining Chair Cars, Upholstered Tonr-
ist Sleeping Cars, and Pullman Palace Sleep-
ers operated on all trains.
For further information, apply to
C. O. TERRY, W. E- COMAN,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
124 Third St., Portland, Or.
EAST
AND....
. SOUTHERN
via PACIFIC
* COMPANY
LEAVE
* 8 36 a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
a 7 30 a.m.
1 450p.m.
Depot, Fifth and I Sts.
f OVERLAND EX--)
| PRESS, for Salem, I
I Roseburg, Ashland, |
J Sacramento, Ogden, I
) San Francisco, Mo- f
jave, Los Angeles, El i
Paso, New Orleans 1
,and the East. J
Roseburg Passenger. . .
( Via Woodburn for")
I Mt. Angel, Silverton,
•{ West Scio, Browns- J-
|ville, Springfield I
[and Natron. J
Corvallis Passenger
Iudepe dence Pass'ng'r
ARRIVE
Daily
except
Sunday.
1 ssop.m.
% 8 25 a. m.
* Daily, t Daily except Sunday.
Direct connection at San Franci co with Occi-
•dental and Oriental and Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND LHINA. Sailing dates
on application.
Rates and tickets to eastern points and Eu-
rope, also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA, can be obtained from J. B.
KIRKLAND, Ticket Agent, 134 Third St.
Yamhill Division: — Passenger Depot foot of
Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a. m.;
12:30, 1:55, 3:25, 5:15 6:25, 8:05, 11:30 p. m., and 9:00
a. m. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland
daily at 6:35*, 8:30, 10:50* a. m; 1:35, 3:15, 4:30, 6:20,
7:40, 9:15 p. m.; 12:40 a. m. daily except Monday
and 10:05 a- m. o 'Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, exeept Sunday, at
4:30 p. m. Arrive at Portland at q:30 a. m.
Leave for Airlie Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays at 8:35 a. m. Arrive at Portland Tues-
days, Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
* Except Sunday.
R. KOEHLER, C. H. MARKHAM,
Manager. (ien. P. & P. Agt.
0. R. & N.
Fast Mail
8:00 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
2:10 p. m.
6:00 p. m.
8:00 p. m
Ex. Sunday
Saturday
10:00 p. m.
6:00 a. m.
Ex. Sunday
7:00 a. tn.
Tues.Thur
and Sat
6:00 a. m.
Tues.Thur
and Sat
Lv.Riparia
1:45 a. m.
Daily
Ex. Sat.
TIME SCHEDULES
FROM PORTLAND.
Salt Lake, Denver, Ft.
Worih, Omaha, Kan-
sas City, St. Louis,
Chicago and East.
Walla Wall\ Spokane,
Minneapolis, St. Paul,
Duluth, Milwaukee
Chicago and East.
Ocean Steamships.
All sailing dates subject
to change.
For San Francisco —
Sail every five days.
Columbia River
St' amers.
To Astoria and Way
Landings.
Willamette Rivr.
Oregon City, Newberg,
Salem & Way Landings
Willamette and
Yamhill Rivttt.
Oregon City, Dayton
and Way Landings.
Willamette River.
Portland to Corvallis
and Way Landings.
Snake River.
Riparia to Lewiston.
Fast Mail
6:45 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
8:30 a. m.
4:00 p. m.
4:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
4:30 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
3:30 p. m.
Mon. Wed.
and Fri.
4:30 p: m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Lv. Lewis-
ton 5-45
a. m. daily
Ex. Friday
V. A. SCHILLING W. H. HURLBURT,
City Ticket Agt., Gen'l. Pass. Agt,
354 Washington St., Portland. Ore.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
I* ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ M t ♦ t ♦♦♦♦♦♦ <♦ ♦ t ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ MM H t ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦.♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ M ♦ M^
44 No Community is 'Prosperous Whose People are Not Employed*'
You Need Our Factories!!
Patronize
Home
Industry
J j M. ZAN, President
: : E. H. KILHAM, Vice Pres.
YOU preach this doctrine, now practice it. You say you
love your home, now show it. You say the community
should be more prosperous, keep your money at home. You
admit we manufacture over four hundred articles of impor-
tance as cheaply as in Eastern or foreign markets— why not
buy them? You admit that Chicago and other thrifty cities
not so far away were made so by enterprising citizens ; fol-
low their example. You speak of the patriotism of the whole
people, hence show unselfish devotion to the manufacturing
industries of Oregon.
R. J. HOLMES, Treasurer X
C. H. MclSAAC, Secretary
♦ ♦♦4HHM4»M*»»MMi»H»MMM»M»MMMM»»»»4»»M»»»»MM
The Favorite Transcontinental Koute Between
the Northwest and all Points East
Choice of Two Routes Through the FAMOUS
^^ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY
And Four Routes Bast of Pueblo and Denver
All Passengers granted a day stop-over in
the Mormon Capitol or anywhere between
Ogden and Denver. Personally conducted
Tourist Excursions three days a week to
OMAHA, KANSAS CITY, ST. LOUIS,
CHICAGO and the EAST.
For Tickets and any Information regarding Rates,
Routes, etc., or for Descriptive Advertising Matter,
call on Agents of Oregon Railway & Navigation
Co. Oregon Short Line or Southern Pacific
Companies.
S. K. HOOPER, R. C. NICHOL,
Geu. Pass. & Ticket Agt. Gen. Agt., 351 Wash 81
DENVER, COL. PORTLAND, ORB.
Hi Comjewioi
<^picTO^V
As regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
JUST THINK!
3^ days with no change to Chicago
4}4 days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN:
Trains are Illuminated by PIntsch Gas,
run Into Union Depots, and Baggags
ts checked through to Destination.
Lowest Rates.
For Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
J. H. LOTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. Agent
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
Wl en dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
Do You Like ^ ^ *
A Luxurious Meal?
jtjtjtjtjtjtj*
§
to
to
to
to
\
%
to
to
to
to
"TIGER BRAND"
Pure Spices
"OUR BEST"
Roasted Coffee
"KUSALANA"
Ceylon Tea
...cAre Items*..
%£*£«£ which 'will aid materially <£&&
ASK YOUR GROCER FOR
... THEM ...
THE FIRST TIME YOU SEE HIM.
cMantxfadurtd and
Sold by * * *
CORBITT & MAGLEAY CO.
Portland, Oregon.
J
SEND TO US FOR PRICES ON
Wl »•■ M«NUr*CTUBM» •' TNI
Cklcmnatio
Maltese Gross Brand
of Robber Belt f
Ajax Brand Cotton
inn Hose-
Rubber and
Leather
Belting...
lie Guild mi s iter Mil iciiis Co.
87-89 FIRST STREET, PORTLAND, ORE.
RUSSELL & CO.
A. H. AVCMU.,
MANUFACTURERS OF
High Grade,
Engines, Boilers,
Saw Mills,
Threshers...
Estimates furnished on Stearn Plants of all Sizes and for
any purpose. Write for Catalogues.
RUSSELL & CO., - Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advtrtiier$, kindly mention The Pacifie Monthly
—
WOMEN AND WAGES
By GUSTAV ANDERSON.
the Pacific
AQNTHLY
Volume U OCTOBER Numbex e
1899
TEN CENTS A COPY .* c* .* .* * ONE DOLLAR A YEAR
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUBLISHING COMPANY
PUBLISHERS J> J> j> J> & * J> j» PORTLAND, OREGON
KM
The
Oregon
Industrial Exposition
to be held in Portland,
OPENS SEPT. 28, CLOSES OCT. 28.
The committee have used every effort to make this
Exposition one surpassing those of all former years.
They have secured the best exhibits the state affords
in Grains, Grasses, fruits and 'Vegetables. The cMin-
ing interests vjill have a splendid display; also the
forestry. The special attractions are exceptionally fine.
See article in this number.
Some Suggestions on Domestic Economy
By DR. GEO. WWTAKER, President of Portland University.
DO YOU BUY DRUGS.
Toilet Articles, Soaps or Perfumes, or any of the thousand and one articles
carried by a drug firm? Then let us send you our cut-rate catalogue,
1 IT WILL SAVE YOU "DOLLARS...
Does Photography interest you? Let us send you our Photographic Catalogue.
We earry the largest and most complete stock on the Coast
Woodatd, Clarke & Co.,
FOURTH AND WASHINGTON STS. PORTLAND, OREGON.
GOODYEAR RUBBER COMPANY.
We earry in stock a complete assortment of RUBBER GOODS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
ANY STYLE. ANY SIZE. ANY QUANTITY.
MACKINTOSHES
Crack Proofs
~JSnxg Proof
RUBBER
BOOTS
Druggists'
Rubber
Goods
jtjtj*
BOOTS AND SHOES
"GOLD SEAL"
BELTING
PACKING
AND HOSE
Rubber
and OH
Clothing
R. H. PEASE, Vice-President and Manager.
73 and 75 FIRST STREET, jt PORTLAND, OREGON.
AVERY & GO.
furniture and Upholstery hardware,
lodgers' and lumbermen's supplies,
sporting and blasting powder,
fishing Tackle.
HARDWARE
TOOLS, CUTLERY.
MCCAFFREY'S CELEBRATED FILES
AND HORSE RASPS.
82 Third St., near Oak,
Portland, Oregon.
BOUND COPIES OF VOL. I, IN LINEN, $1.00.
The Pacific Monthly.
(The entire contents of this Magazine are covered by the general copyright, and articles must not be reprinted
without special permission.)
CONTENTS FOR OCTOBER, 1899.
Art Class in Portland Y. M. C. A , frontispiece
The New Idea H. W. Stone 243
Maya, The Medicine Girl — (An Unpublished Story) Sam L. Simpson 248
A Monograph Claude Thayer 253
The Wind's Story (Poem) cAdonen 257
The Unsatisfying Draught (Story) William H. Shelor. 258
Women and Wages Gustav Anderson 264
The Indian "Arabian Nights" (Continued) H. S. Lyman 267
"The Wreck of the Jonathan (Poem) Sam L. Simpson 269
An Etching William H. Shelor 270
DEPARTMENTS:
OUR POINT OF VIEW 271
THE [MONTH 273
In Politics, Science, Literature, Art, Education and Religious
Thought, with Leading Events.
QUESTIONS OF THE DAY—
Equal Rigfits for the Sexes cAbigail Scott cDuni<way . . 278
Poems of the Pacific Coast —
Spinning <Belle W. Cooke 279
MEN AND WOMEN—
What Are We Here For? The cMinister 280
THE MAGAZINES 281
THE IDLER 282
BOOKS 283
THE FINANCIAL WORLD 284
CHESS 285
DRIFT—
The Oregon Industrial Exposition 286
Terms:— Ji ob a year in advance; 10 cents a copy. Subscribers should remit to us in P. O. or express
money-orders, or in bank checks, draft-, or registered letters
Agents for The Pacific Monthly are wanted in every locality, and the publishers offer unusual in-
ducements to first-class agents. Write tor our terms.
Manuscript sent to The Pacihc Monthly will not be returmd after publication unless definite in
structions to that effect with stamps accompany letters enclosing manuscript.
Address all correspondence, of whatever nature, to
alex. sweek, Prest. THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. CO.,
J. THORBURN ROSS, Vice Prest. , , •*,.,,. „~.»-. . ..,* ~~,.^~...
w. b. wells, Manager. Macleay Build.ng, PORTLAND, OREGON.
LISCHEN M. MILLER, Asst. Manager.
Copyrighted 1899 by William Bittle Wells.
Entered at the Post office at Portland, Oregon, as second-class matter.
The publishers of The Pacific Monthly will esteem it a favor if readers of the Magazine will kindly
mention The Pacific Monthly when dealing with our adverti-ers.
PRESS OF THE ELLIS PRINTING CO., 1 OS FIRST ST. PORTLAND. OR[.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY—SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES.
\
.************************«*********ft ft***** ft***********************
WILLIAM M. LADD,
President 'Board of Trustees.
J. R. WILSON, D. D.
S. R. JOHNSTON, Ph. D.
'Principals.
PORTLAND cACAVEMY
Organized 1889.
VIEW FROM THE SOUTHWEST.
The ivork of the Academy covers the instruction of Primary,
Grammar, and Secondary Grades. Boys and girls are received
at the earliest possible school age and fitted for College. Ad-
vanced work is done in Latin, Greek, French, German, Math-
ematics, English Literature, Physics, and Chemistry J> J> J>
Eleventh Year Opens at 10 A. M.
September 13th
1899
For Catalogue, Address
PORTLAND ACADEMY,
'Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES.
"BISHOP SCOTT c4CADMY..JPHm?i32£%2£L*.
founded 1870.
A 'Boarding and Day School for 'Boys,
SManual Training. cMilitary 'Discipline. Jor Catalogue or other Information, address the "Principal,
J. W. HILL, M. D,, ¥. 0. "Drawer 17, Portland, Or.
Entrance Requirements
same as
equirem
s Yale.
Whitman College
STRONG FACULTY. THOROUGH WORK.
Classical, Scientific, Xiterars an& Musical departments.
HIGHEST STANDARDS. Walla Walla, Washington
Tj^J ALL-Bearing Type-Bar Joints and Fixed
'-^ Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unimpair-
able Alignment, Lightest Key Action. The
Most Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work.
Carriage locks at end of line, protecting the
writing. Compact Shift Keyboard. Numer-
ous Handy Features. Address for full par-
ticulars,
United Typewriter & Supplies Co.
No. 232 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
+ ♦♦ »♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ + ♦♦♦♦♦ MM ♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦ + »> ♦ + ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ + ♦♦
Saint IDelen'6 Iball
All Departments
from Kindergarten
to Academic.
H Boarbing
anb 2>a\> School
for (Sirls
Classical, Scientific
and English Courses.
College Preparation.
Special advantages
in flfcuetc anb Hrt
Thirtieth Year begins Sept. 13th.
For further particulars, address,
ELEANOR TEBBETTS, Principal,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
^♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦'♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦M4»>
When dealing; with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
It
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Use- .
THE TELEPHONE INDEX
cA time sater for business men, and the only Index pub-
lished giving both Companies numbers.
PRICE, $2.00 PER YEAR.
For Advertising Space or Subscription, address
G. H. AYDELOTTE, telephones
No. 5 Raleigh Bldg., Portland, Ore. ^lumWa1"^
CAN BE OBTAINED ONLY
...Through a Complete...
Metallic Circuit For each sub^ib«r. **
- No Party Lines.
THE COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY
Alone has these Advantages.
OFFICES, 606-607 Oregonian Building, PORTLAND, OREGON.
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" Trie Policy Holders' Company "
THB NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
lit A Cash Surrender Value. 2d A Loan e«|iial In amount to the Cash Value.
3d Extended Insurance for the Full amount of Policy, without the request of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-up Policy
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
727, 728 & 739 Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
Established 1882.
Open Day and Night.
j» E. House's Cafe j»
128 Third Street
PORTLAND, OREGON
Clams and Oysters.
Home-Made Pies and Cakes.
Cream and Milk from Our Own Ranch.
Thr Best Cup of
Coffee and Chocolate in the City.
PATENTS
Quickly secured. OUR FEE DUE WHEN PATENT
OBTAINED. Send model, sketch or photo, with
description for free report as to patentability. 43 -PAGE
HAND-BOOK FREE. Contains references and full
information. WHITE FOB COFT OF OUR SPECIAL
OFFER. It is the most liberal proposition ever made by
a patent attorney, and EVERY INVENTOR SHOULD
READ IT before applying for patent. Address :
H.B.WILLS0N&C0.
PATENT LAWYERS,
LeDroitBldg.. WASHINGTON, D. C.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindlv mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
Transact a General Banking Business
Special Attention Given to
Collections
I^ORTlvAIVID, OREGON
♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦>♦+♦♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦
S, G* Skidmore & Co* t
Cut-Rate
Druggists
♦
♦
♦
♦
We give special attention to Prescriptions and ^
the selection of High Grade Bristle Goods. ^
151 THIRD STREET ♦
+ Portland, Oregon 4
Klamath Hot Springs
SISKIYOU CO., CAL,
Is most delightfully located on the Klam-
ath river, 20 miles from Ager, on the
S. P. Co.'s Shasta Route, at an altitude
of 2700 feet. There are hot and cold
mineral springs, steam baths, and hot mud
baths. These Springs have effected won-
derful cures of rheumatism, gout, dyspep-
sia, liver and kidney diseases.
«
Large Stone Hotel.
Best of Service.
EDSON BROS., Props.
j^^^a^^ft^&^^^^^^^&^^&^^ft^^^^^^^-
Northwestern Mutual Life
OF MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Grants more Insurance for the Same Cost or the Same Insurance
at Lower Cost than any other Company.
Largest Purely American Company.
Official Reports of State Insurance Departments Represent it to be the
Strongest and Best
For Terms, Address
S. T. LOCKWOOD & SON, General Agents,
Concord Building, Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertiser*, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY-LEGAL DIRECTORY.
John H. Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commkrcial Block, PORTLAND, ORE.
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorneys at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
SAMUEL J. BRUN
Attorney and Counselor at Law
sixth floor, mills building
San Francisco, Cal.
Practices in all the Courts
P.O. BOX 157. TEL. MAIN 387
RODNEY L GLISAN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
ROOM 420
chamber'of COMMERCE.
Portland, Ore.
Library Associalion of Portland
24,000 Volumes and over 200 Perodicals.
$5.00 a Year and $i..so a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS— From 9 A. M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Sundays
and Holidays.
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK.
20\('PoUTids Dty Granuiated Sugar
- for one dollar .....
With all general orders 01
GROCERIES.
A. HEWITT, Third St., near Yamhill
EDWARD HOLMAN
UNDERTAKER
EMBALMER and
FUNERAL DIRECTOR
280 Yamhill St.
Experienced
Lady Assistant.
Alaska Mines andFo™n'itock
Printed matter describing Alaska sent for 26 Cents in
Stamps.
MILLER & DAVIDSON
JUNEAU, ALASKA
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OP NEW BOOKS AND MAGAZINES
25 Cents per Month
•» JONES' BOOK STORE *
891 Alder Street, Portland. Oregon
WANTED
A ca>-e of bad health that R IP ANS will not bene-
fit. R'lPA'NS, iofor5cents. or 12 packets for48cents,
may be had of all druggists who are willing to sell a
low-priced medicine at a moiern profit.
They banish pain and prolong lite.
One gives relief Accept no substitute.
Note the word RIP A N S on the packet.
Send 5 cents to Ripans Chemical Co., No. 10 Spruce
St., New York, for 10 samples and 1000 testimonials.
THEY REGULATE THE BOWELS.
THEY CURE SICK HEADACHE.
A SINGLE ONE GIVES RELIEF.
In the Pacific Northwest alone
The Pacific Monthly has over 20,000 readers each
month. Advertisers therefore find it a judicious
advertising medium.
Established 1885.
J^ortlanb (Qarble WCovks
SCHANEN & NEU.
Estimates given on application.
268 FIRST STREET,
Bet. Madison and Jefferson,
PORTLAND, OR.
The Californian Combination
A New Sanitary Suit for Baby in Short Clothes
A unique pattern for waist and drawers in one piece with stocking supporter attachment. It fur-
nishes complete protection to the body in flannel, dispenses with bands, petticoats and numerous pina and
button*.
For Bathing and Gymnasium Costume Unexcelled
For full description see Trained Motherhood, this number.
Pattern with fall directions will be mailed upon receipt of 25 cents. Sizes one and two-year old. The
garments in shrunk flannel, natural and white, will be sent upon receipt of Si. 00. Apply for patterns, cir-
culars and simple garments to Mrs. H. OTIS BRUN, Stanford University, California.
*■*■'■:■*■:.:■:■:■ tat.:*: ■: ■:■:■;■. •;■;•*■;•!■ t ■;■!■!■; ■;•;■; •!■:•.■;■!■;•:■. •:■:■.■
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACfhlC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Vll
■■a*****************************
t 3
I Kraner & Kramer,
Oregon. *
******************************
225 Washington Street,
'Portland,
%
^0»0»J»3»0»0»3»O»3»O«O«J«O»0»3»0«O»O»0»0»C»O»O»0»O»O«O«O»^
l ..HATTERS AND FURNISHERS..
Sole Agents for
KNOX HHTS
I 94 Third St. Portland, Or. I
S«o«o«o«o«o«ci«o«o«o«o«o«o«o«o«o«o«o«o«o«o«o«c«o«o«o«o«o«og
In considering life
insurance, get guar-
antees of other com-
panies, then get
Pacific Mutual Life
Guarantees more insurance,
Pays larger annual cash dividends,
Greater paid-up values,
More pro-rata security than any other
American company* Rates the same.
Life and Accident Insurance.
ALBERT J. CAPRON, Gen' I Agt.
327-328-329-330 Marquam BIdg.
Then compare; this
will convince you
this statement is
correct.
+♦♦.♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
I
■ . W. COUKTT
Vice President
J. W. Nkwkirk
Asst. Cashier
First
National Bank!
W. C. Alvord
2d Asst. Cashier
OK
♦
♦
♦
COR. FIRST AND WASHINGTON STS. J
PORTLAND, OREGON
Capital,
Surplus,
$500,000.00
650,000.00
Designated Depositary, and Financial
Agent, United States.
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦^♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»
Why Wait
till Christmas
to secure the presents you wish to
give to your friends? A postal card
request will bring you a sample
copy of the
► HOME JOURNAL
which will tell you how to secure
many beautiful and valuable presents
ABSOLUTELY FREE
In addition to these magnificent
premiums, each subscriber you se-
cure will receive choice of 200 books,
by standard authors, handsomely
bound, which alone is worth the
price of subscription.
Write to-day to the
Journal Publishing Co.,
408 California St., San Francisco.
t»»HHMM»MfM»t + ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦
When dealing with out advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
riii THE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—AD VEBTISINO SECTION.
MORTGAGE LOANS
On Improved
Portland City Property
In stmts from $500 to $500,000 at lowest current interest rates.
T\±\f\^ Abstracted and Insured against
I L I CTr* Defect or Loss.
I rUStS Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND TRUST CO.
FIND US IN OUR NEW OFFICES,
FOURTH STREET ENTRANCE
wm. m. ladd, president. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING,
i. THORBURN ROSS, MANAGE*.
T. T. BURKHART, ASST. SECRETARY. PORTLAND, ORE.
L.E.NEERGAARdI MANAGERS D»HO PORTLAND, OREGON .
MONTANA,
♦♦♦THE ♦♦♦
MUTUAL BENEFIT
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
AMZI DODD, President, NEWARK, N. J,
Assets (Market Values) January 1, 1899, . . . $67,096,602.40
Liabilities, N. J. and N. Y. Stindanl, .... 61,702,412.69
Surplus, 5,394,189.71
POLICIES ABSOLUTELY NON-FORFEITABLE
AFTER SECOND YEAR.
IN CASE OF LAPSE the Insurance is CONTINUED IN FORCE as long as the value
of the Policy will pay for; or, if preferred, a Cash or Paid-up Policy Value is allowed.
After the second year, Policits are INCONTESTABLE, and all restrictions as to resi-
dence, travel or occupation are removed.
The Company agrees in the Policy to Loan up to the Cash Surrender Value when a
satisfactory assignment of the Policy is made as collateral security.
LOSSES paid immediately upon completion and approval of proofs.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
^
V5
^
Co *
v
%
I
The Pacific Monthly.
W. II.
OCTOBER, 1899.
§Ho.
The New Idea.
"By H. W. STONE, General Secretary of the Portland, Oregon,
Young Men's Christian Association.
THE American International Com-
mittee of the Young Men's Chris-
tian Association, with headquarters
in New York, began studying the census
some seven or eight years ago to find
edit facts in respect to the educational
life of the boys and young men of the
country. From this study it was found
that of all the boys who have remained in
school until 12 years of age, four-fifths
drop out before they are two years older.
Of every 100 young men on the con-
tinent only 5 are prepared and equipped
by education for their occupations and
business — 95 are not.
Of every 100 grammar school gradu-
ates 8 obtain their livelihood in the pro-
fessions and business, trained for their
vocations by means of college and uni-
versity privileges; the other 92 earn their
living by means of their hands.
The great majority of these needy, am-
bitious and deserving young men ?"
boys are busy in the daytime, having
only the evenings to utilize for improve-
ment.
The Young Men's Christian Associa-
tions are making an effort to extend to
this army of young men, definite, prac-
tical, helpful facilities through the even-
ing schools.
Last year over 24,000 different men
were thus practically aided in these even-
ing classes along commercial and indus-
trial lines. And of these about 1,000
were in the Association's schools of the
Pacific Coast. '
It is of the work of these rapidly grow-
ing schools on our coast that this article
treats. San Francisco and Portland are
the oldest Associations on the coast, but
Los Angeles deserves the credit of first
organizing its educational work in con-
formity with the "new idea." It might be
well to explain a few of the points em-
bodied in the "new idea" that has
brought the educational work of the
Young Men's Christian Association to
where it is today, practically a great na-
tional university with branches in all the
leading cities of the country. These
points are:
(1.) A study of the local conditions,
needs, business and industrial life of the
young men in each city, and then provid-
ing classes to definitely meet these needs.
(2.) Requiring each student to pay
from $1.00 to $5.00 per class entered, be-
yond the Association membership fee.
(3.) Securing the best possible special-
ists for teachers in each branch, paying
them well for their services and holding
them responsible for the success or fail-
ure of their classes.
(4.) Having classes meet two or more
times a week with definite six months'
courses outlined.
(5.) Following the graded courses out-
lined by the International Committee,
making it possible for a man starting
work in one city to continue the same
work when he has moved to another.
(6,) To participate in the Internation-
al examinations. The certificates issued
244
THE "PACIFIC ^MONTHLY.
on successfully passing these examina-
tions are now accepted by over one hun-
dred of the leading colleges and technical
schools of the country.
All of the larger Associations on the
Pacific Coast now have their work or-
sranized in conformity with these ideas.
larger number than was received by any
other city in the entire country.
The San Francisco and Oakland Asso-
ciations occupying costly and handsome
buildings, are in a position to do the
largest work on the coast. The San
Francisco Association has this season
NIGHT SCHOOL
FOR MEN
Eveiiin
HI Ell 111
NiCHiiQLLEGl
..\ ounjc Men's...
14 CLASSES
[ 7 TEACHERS
'
"j
IfttfJ
V
Window cards and posters used this fall in advertising the Night Schools of the Pacific Coast
Associations. They are from San Jrancisco, Los cAngeles, Oakland, Spokane,
Seattle and Portland.
At Los Angeles the work has had a
steady growth since the season of 1891-
1892 and hundreds of men have been
benefited by the advantages. A model
feature of the educational life of this As-
sociation is one of the most successful
literary societies in the country. This so-
ciety won first place at the International
Educational Exhibit last spring at Grand
Rapids,' Michigan, for the best record of
work. This was the only first award of
merit won by any Pacific Coast city, al-
though Portland received thirteen cer-
tificates of honorable mention (which
corresponds to a second prize) being a
called Arthur A. Macurda, of Brown
University, as educational director. It is
expected that Mr. Macurda will bring
strength to the entire movement on this
coast.
The Seattle, Tacoma and Spokane As-
sociations, of Washington, have reorgan-
ized their educational work this summer
and have adopted the graded system, and
Seattle and Tacoma have had their build-
ings remodeled. Spokane, the youngest
association on the coast, will start with a
full equipment and an able corps of
teachers.
The Portland Association has the larg-
THE 9CEW IDEA.
245
est school of the kind west of Chicago.
This night college not only has the larg-
est number of men enrolled and gives
instruction in over twice as many
branches and spends over twice as much
money on this department as any other
association, but last season won 35 Inter-
national certificates, being more than
three times the number Avon by any other
school west of Chicago.
Some of the figures of the Portland
night college for last year are as follows :
Different men in Portland Association
Night College 294
Total registration in all classes 654
Amount of money paid to the associa-
tion by men in the night classes:
Clerks 125
Mechanics 54
General Merchandise 53
CHURCH MEMBERSHIP.
Baptist 11
Catholic 18
Christian 8
Christian Science 1
Congregational 8
Episcopal 16
Evangelical 8
Friends 2
Hebrew . 10
Greek '. '. 1
Lutheran 4
Methodist 22
New Church 2
Presbyterian 36
United Brethren 1
United Presbyterian 1
Members of no church 141
Y. M. C. A. Building, San Jrancisco.
Initiation and membership fees $2,522 45
Class fees 1,105.55
Books and supplies 472.00
AGES OF STUDENTS IN NIGHT COLLEGE.
12 to 16 10
16 to 20 103
20 to 25 95
25 to 30 44
30 to 40 28
Over 40 2
Average age of all men in classes 22%
OCCUPATIONS.
Office men 18
Students 25
Does it pay? and is it appreciated? are
two questions sometimes asked by those
who know little of the work. These ques-
tions are best answered by the testimony
of employers and the men themselves.
This testimony is ready, and to the effect
that it does pay — and pay well.
All educators who have made a study
of this subject are agreed that the con-
ducting of night classes is one of the
great educational problems of the times.
The great weakness of this kind of work
24b
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
is that it is so hard to keep men in
classes. They start in with enthusiasm
in the fall, but soon drop out unless the
work is supplemented by social and enter-
tainment features. This the association,
through its multiplied agencies, is able
ceptions, socials, etc., together with the
social life to be found in these organiza-
tions, serve to hold the men to the class
work through the season.
There is an advantage in the form of
organization of the association. Each
The Oakland Y. M. C. <A. building.
to do as no other organization can. All
of the larger associations on this coast
have in connection with their work, su-
perior gymnasiums, well equipped li-
braries and reading rooms, amusement
rooms supplied with such games as
checkers, chess, crokinole, etc. These,
with the course of lectures, concerts, re:
local association is entirely independent,
and yet has the advisory supervision of
state and international secretaries togeth-
er with the papers of the association as
well as the regular conferences and con-
ventions thus bringing the experience of
all the associations together and making
it available to all. In this way mistakes
Class in Oakland Y. M. C. A.
THE 9{.EW 1=DE-A.
247
that have been made are avoided and
successes in similar fields followed.
Again for over fifty years the associa-
tion has been making a careful study of
OUT OF 100
YOUNG MCN 5 ARE.
PA£PAREOo«£QUiPPEO
8V EDUCATION
FOR'OCGUPATlONS
ANO BUSINESS.
95 ARE NOT '
OF 100 GRADUATES
Of GRAMMAR SCHOOLS
6 OBTAIN IHEIR UUCLIHOOO
IN THE PROFESSION
ANO BUSINESS
9Z BY MEANS Of
THEIR HANDS
the needs, desires, tastes, temptations and
ambitions of young men, and from this
study has come a literature and stored
knowledge that is of incalculable value
in dealing with this problem of night
educational work. Recognizing these and
many other equally strong reasons why
the association is in a position to do this
work better, more economically and ef-
fectively than by any other system or in-
stitution, Mr. F. B. Pratt, who is at the
head of Pratt Institute, of Brooklyn, N.
Y., said in an address at Springfield,
Mass.: "It is not necessary to mention, I
think, that the association is the organ-
ization now in the field best prepared to
do educational work. The places are
Workers in the U. S.
Men in the Y. M. C A.
Educational Classes
in the U. S.
small and few in number where no
Young Men's Christian Association ex-
ists, and time will see these occupied.
The association in most places has prop-
erty— a guarantee of permanency, good
faith, and stability; it has its paid secre-
tary; it has its rooms and facilities; and
there is a public character to the work
all of which would lead one to think that
the association not only can, but should
seek and demand the privilege of doing
all the evening educational work."
"Me thinks these new Acta eons boast too
soon
That they have spied on beauty; what if we
Have analyzed the rainbow, robbed the moon
Of her most ancient, chastest mystery,
Shall I, the Bndymion, lose all hope
Because rude eyes peer at my mistress
Through a telescope!"
Maya, The Medicine Girl.
A Story of Fort Yamhill, in Sheridan's Time.
<By ScAM. L. SIMPSON.
The Pacific Monthly begins this month an unpublished story by Oregon's greatest and sweetest singer —
the late Sam. L. Simpson. The story derives interest not only because it is one of the few unpublished
manuscripts left by the Poet, but also from the fact that it is unusually interesting, and treats of a period when
Generals Sheridan and Grant, and other notable men lived in Oregon — the "pioneer" period in the life of the
great West, and one rich in poetry and romance.
Chapter I.
I\T THE summer of 1861 I was an as-
sistant .sutler's clerk at Fort Yam-
hill, in the foothills of the rugged
'Coast range of mountains, Western Ore-
gon.
This military post had been establish-
ed in 1857, for police duty over the In-
dians of the Grand Ronde reservation,
there located, and to which the war-like
tribes of Southern Oregon, recently sub-
dued, had been removed.
Though only a robust, yellow-haired
youth of sixteen, the freedom of frontier
life at a military post and a fond famil-
iarity with the literary resources of the
small circulating library, largely flavored
with the exploits of "Claude Duval," and
other "gentlemen of the road," kept at
the store for the benefit of the soldiers,
had ripened me early, and my mental and
moral constitution was, therefore, of a
composite order of architecture, deeply
tinged with romance.
The post itself, both from its unique
situation and the artistic care with which
its grounds had been laid out and im-
proved, was pretty and picturesque, and
the vet restless condition of the savage
bands over whom it held watch and
ward, gave a sufficient spice of danger
to keep the martial spirit of both officers
and men cheerfully above the stagnation
line. Formerly it had been garrisoned by
as many as three or four companies at a
time, but at the time of writing only one
company, K, 4th Infantry, held the sta-
tion.
( )ne sultry afternoon in July I was
alone in charge of the long, low, "rak-
ish" store. Several young squaws, hav-
ing made sundry light purchases of
cheap but showy feminine finery, were
still loitering about the front door, the
low hum of their conversation, broken
occasionally by a girlish ripple of laugh-
ter, seeming, like the soft murmur of
hidden waters or monotonous drone of
bees, to deepen rather than dispel the
drowsy dullness of the lagging hours.
I was standing near the desk at the
back portion of the store, and near me,
leaning upon the end of the counter and
slowly turning the pages of a new and
popular novel I had received by mail
that morning, was Sergeant Buckstone.
He paused, now and then, for an experi-
mental dip into the current of the story,
and finally, closing the book and lifting
it up to examine the cover with the crit-
ical relish of a true Bibliophile, said:
''This is clearly an interesting work
and by an author of established reputa-
tion, too. It is much above the frothy
stuff we usually get out here for intel-
lectual pabulum; I should like to read it
when you are through with it. Hank."
"You may take it now. Sergeant," I
answered; "I have an unfinished book in
hand now which will occupy my spare
time for the rest of the week."
He thanked me cordially, and taking
up the volume, was about to go when
there was a slight bustle among the
young Indian women at the door, and
Lieutenant Philip H. Sheridan entered
the store and walked down towards us,
accompanied by the two handsome
brown and white setters which usually
attended him in his rides or walks about
the garrison.
8MAYA, THE MEDICINE GIRL.
249
The man who was, within a few years,
to become the most distinguished cav-
alry leader of his time, was then a young
and handsome subordinate, but there
was that in his keen glance and proud,
chivalrous bearing which readily sug-
gested the beau sabreus. Barely of me-
dium height, elegantly proportioned,
with well-shaped head and features, dark
eyes and crisp, curly black hair and mus-
tache, he was altogether a compact, ac-
tive and shapely young officer, every
inch a soldier.
As he approached with his character-
istic easy, swinging stride, Sergeant
Buckstone drew himself up and gave the
salute, which the lieutenant returned,
and then pausing; with a quick, meaning
glance at the non-commissioned officer,
said:
"I have some news for you, sergeant;
come into the back room — I want to
have a talk with you."
With a friendly nod to me the lieu-
tenant led the way, respectfully followed
by the sergeant, into our sitting room,
which, for the benefit of the officers, was
well carpeted and neatly furnished, a lit-
tle curtained sideboard, hospitably sup-
plied with choice liquors and cigars, and
a fair array of the latest newspapers and
periodicals being among its attractions.
It was, perhaps, as much as three-
quarters of an hour before the conference
between the lieutenant and the sergeant
was concluded, when I heard the former
pass out of the side door and Buck-
stone came back into the store.
He was somewhat paler than usual,
his lips compressed, and I noticed the
smoldering fire of unusual excitement in
his fine, brown eyes. I tried to betray no
knowledge of this fact in the expression
of my face as I glanced at him.
He did not return my gaze immediate-
ly, but came and took up the book I had
loaned him and stood there by the coun-
ter, his head bowed and slightly averted,
as if in deep, absorbing thought. Final-
ly he seemed to pull himself together
with a sudden effort and, turning to me,
said:
"1 should like to have a good, friendly
consultation with you this evening,
Hank, if you have leisure."
There was a plaintive pleading in his
eyes and tones that touched me and I
answered promptly :
"Certainly, sergeant; you will find me
in my room any time from half past
seven until bed-time" — adding sympa-
thetically, "I trust that nothing serious
has occurred?"
To this his only reply was, "I will
come, then," and he walked away.
Strange as it way seem, considering
my age, I was, with the single exception
of Lieutenant Sheridan, the only person
at the post with whom Buckstone was on
any terms of confidence. It was general-
ly understood that he was a man with a
history. That he came of a good family
and had been carefully reared, no one
could doubt. His conversation attested
that. Though uniformily courteous and
obliging in his intercourse with his com-
rades, there was a certain dignified re-
serve ein his manner which forbade any-
thing like coarse familiarity, and conse-
quently, while having the respect of all,
he had the fast friendship of none.
It was instinctively recognized that a
dim, indefinable, yet unsurmountable
barrier fenced him in a world of his own
within which no one cared to intrude.
On pay-days and other special occas-
ions he always stood more than his share
of the inevitable libations at the sutler's
bar, but drank very little himself and,
gracefully eluding all importunities to
''make a day of it," slipped away at the
first opportunity.
He was about twenty-six years of age,
tall and well-made. His abundant, wavy
hair was dark auburn and his eyes, light-
ing up a well-chiseled, powerful face,
were of that deep, rich, purple-tinted
brown, which are, to my mind, the finest
in the world. To these advantages was
added that coveted distingue air which,
even in republics, is always accepted as
the authoritative imprint of patrician
blood. For the rest he was an admirable
soldier and generally conceded to be the
best-drilled man in his regiment.
While attending to my duties in the
store during the rest of the afternoon, I
thought a great deal about Sergeant
Buckstone and his singular historv. He
had, from the first, evinced a strr.nge lik-
250
THE 'PACIFIC MONTHLY.
ing for me. Perhaps he took to me in
sheer desperation. To live utterly alone,
without a single human being in whom
one can repose confidence or look for
sympathy and understanding works
madness in the bram and desolation in
the heart. Nature revolts against such a
barren isolation. The social yearning in
the breast of man is the germ and in-
spiration of all his growth, the beneficent
source of that brotherhood of feeling
which makes civilization possible and
whence, at last, arises the holy incense of
love, hope and faith to the throne of God.
"You must think it strange," Buck-
stone said to me once, "that I have so
fully unbosomed myself to a young fel-
low like you, but I assure you that it has
been a great relief to me. Yours is a
frank, affectionate nature, as yet unspot-
ted by the spray of the turbulent, treach-
erous world. You are intelligent beyond
your years, and your sympathy is as
sweet and genuine as the bloom and
fragrance of a flower. Were you older,
had you greater knowledge of life, you
could not possibly be that to me which
you now are."
Thus it came about that he told me his
story. He was a native of New York City
and the scion of an old and influential
family. His father was a distinguished
physician and he, the only son of his
parents, had also been educated for the
medical profession.
He had fallen in love with the daugh-
ter of a wealthy Landowner, and fondly
believed that his suit was progressing
happily, when a rival appeared on the
scene who had the good fortune to be
championed by the young lady's brother,
a young man of strong will and violent
passions.
In spite of his strenuous efforts to win
the brother over to his side, he was
either coldly ignored or openly insulted.
The secret of the trouble really lay in the
fact that the brother belonged to a
Southern family of strong proslavery an-
tecedents, while all the sympathies and
prejudices of Buckstone were with the
North.
Finally, at the instance of Buckstone,
a meeting was appointed, at which the
former hoped to somehow appease the
wrathful opposition of young Wain-
wright and effect such a reconciliation
as would at least give him a free field
and a fair fight.
Much to his surprise, Ralph Murdock,
the rival suitor, was at the place of meet-
ing, appearing, presumably, as "a friend
of the family," as there was no other oc-
casion for his presence.
Though thus heavily handicapped,
Buckstone did his best to secure, if not
the good will, at least the neutrality of
the brother. But all to no avail, for he
soon saw, in the insolent triumphant
sneer on the face of Ralph Murdock,
that his attempt at pacification was
doomed to defeat.
High words followed and young Mur-
dock, fairly frothing with rage, attempt-
ed to shoot Buckstone; but the latter
grappled with him, and in the struggle
that ensued Wainwright was accidentally
shot and killed with his own weapon.
Buckstone was horror-stricken at the
catastrophe, and stood dazed and speech-
less over the body when Murdock step-
ped up to him and hissed in nis ear:
"The game is in my hands now. You
must fly for your life — or hang!"
Buckstone gazed at him speechlessly
and then, wandering from the place like
a somnambulist, somehow reached his
own room, where he lay sick and de-
lirious for weeks.
When he recovered they told him that '
Ralph Wainwright had accidentally shot
himself, but no one seemed to know the
actual circumstances of the case. At
length, feeling sufficiently strong for the
ordeal, he visited the home of the Wain-
wrights with the hope of seeing Adrienne
and explaining all; but he was met at the
door by Ralph Murdock, in whose low-
ering vengeful look there was not a
gleam of true, chivalrous feeling: "You
have made an unlucky escape from
death by fever," he said menacingly,
"only to court the ignominious death of
the gallows. Fool! do you -not realize
that I am the only witness, and that you
must fly and be dead to the world in
name in order to live in reality? As for
Adrienne, she loathes and abhors you
now, madman, and does not wish to see
your face again."
MAYA, THE MEDICINE GIRL.
251
What could he do but turn away from
the stately portal of the home in which
he was once a welcome visitor? Mur-
dock, although for a sinister and selfish
purpose of his own, was undoubtedly
telling the truth, Adrinne believed that
the blood of her murdered brother was
on his hands and was lost to him forever
unless Murdock should voluntarily dis-
close the truth.
Within a few days he received a cold
and despairing note from her:
"Go," she wrote, "to the farthermost
parts of the earth; save your life and be
happy — if you can. If you had but stayed
your hasty hand and waited — but that is
all past now, and even to dream of what
might have been is only 'a sorrow's
crown of sorrow.' "
Then, in utter distraction, he fled from
home and at last, under an assumed
name, joined the regular army and was
sent out West to take part in a long and
bloody Indian war.
So much for the enlightenment of the
reader. When Buckstone came to me in
my cozy little private room at the rear of
the store that evening, as arranged, I
noticed that the traces of a deep but sub-
dued inward struggle were still visible on
liis face, and he made no effort to con-
ceal from me the fact that he was greatly
disturbed by the information he had re-
ceived from Lieutenant Sheridan.
When he was seated I handed him a
•cigar, and for a few moments he smoked
in silence. At length, taking the cigar
from his mouth and looking at me some-
what nervously across the intervening
table, he began:
"I suppose that you have already sus-
pected that Lieutenant Sheridan called
me into the back room of the store this
afternoon to give me news of some kind
from my old home?"
I nodded assent.
"I thought so," he said, "and you were
right. About a year after my enlistment,
and I have been in the service a little
over three years now, some one connect-
ed with the New York City detective
force, undoubtedly in the pay of Mur-
dock or the Wainwrights, discovered my
whereabouts and, by letter, disclosed the
nature of the tragfeav with which I was
connected to Lieutenant Sheridan, who
came to me in the frank and noble man-
ner characteristic of his nature and
showed the detective's letter.
"Then I told him all. He believed me
and today, with the exception, perhaps,
of yourself and members of my own fam-
ily, he is the best friend I have on earth.
I can see the hand of Ralph Murdock in
hunting me down. He did it for two
reasons: the first was to keep the shadow
of the gallows constantly before me; the
second, to make my new life as gloomy
and unhappy as possible.
"I learn now, through information re-
cently received by tue lieutenant, that
my affairs are taking a remarkable and
dangerous turn, by reason of certain un-
expected changes in the situation at
home.
"In the first place, it seems to be set-
tled that Murdock has been rejected by
Adrienne. This, you can readily under-
stand, is a distinct menace to me, as, when
convinced that Adrienne cannot be pre-
vailed upon to change her decision, he
will move heaven and earth to accom-
plish my ruin."
He paused, relighted his cigar, but did
not smoke, sitting for a while in sombre
silence. ''This is important news, indeed.
Sergeant," I said; "has Lieutenant
Sheridan advised you in the matter?"
"He says that I can do nothing but
await further developments at present,
but assures me that ne will stand by me
with every resource at his command,
come what will," he answered, falling
silent again ; but I could see by the work-
ing of his features and the strange light
in his eyes that he was greatly agitated.
At last he arose, threw his cigar
through an open window and began to
pace up and down the little room, with
folded arms and corrugated brows.
In a dim way I began to understand
tfte situation.
"You can see," he said, with a quiver
of emotion in his fine virile voice, but not
pausing in his walk, "into what a Stygian
depth of torture and perplexity I am
forced by all this. Adrienne, I neglected
to state before, has mysteriously disap-
peared. If she should not return and re-
consider her dismissal of Murdock, the
252
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
despicable wretch, with everything in his
favor as the only witness of the death of
young Wainwright, will certainly at-
tempt— to bring me to the scaffold,"
He took a few turns up and down the
room in silence and then resumed:
"But that is not all; the flight of Ad-
rienne and her rejection of Murdock in-
spire me with the now fearful belief that
she loved me once and would take me to
her heart again if I could only convince
her that I am innocent of her brother's
blood. Oh, God!" he cried, unfolding his
arms and tossing them wildly in his
agony, "how can that ever be? An exile
and outcast, lost to the world I once
knew, and hidden away from it here in
this remote, barbaric corner of the re-
public, I have won the true and faithful
heart of Maya, the Shasta Medicine Girl,
and supposed that I had given her all the
heart I had left in return; but now, Oh,
merciful Heaven! I feel the stir of the
old buried passion at the first gleam of a
cowardly, treacherous hope! Poor
Maya! I verily believe she would drop
dead at my feet if I told her the truth!"
Here he broke down completely and
stood with his face in his hands, while
mighty sobs of anguish shook his power-
ful frame. My own sympathies were
painfully aroused and I hardly knew
what to do.
"Come, sergeant," I finally said, rising
and laying a hand gently on his shoulder,
you must not give way like this. If Ad-
rienne ever loved you, that love was
blotted out by the violent death of her
brother, undeniably, according to her
understanding and belief, at your hands.
As for Maya, will you not have to leave
her when you are called back to take
part in the war which is undoubtedly
coming on? She is a beautiful and lov-
able child of nature, I admit; but she is
only an Indian girl, after all. The time
will come when you will look back upon
your present relation with her as a brief
and happy dream— nothing more. It is
sad, unspeakably sad, to think of that
now, but it is inevitable."
He became somewhat calm at length
and, after talking in a quieter way about
his dilemma for half an hour more, rose
to go.
''I am going to see Maya tonight," he
said; "she is nursing a very sick child,
for which I am prescribing. It is, or
rather has been, a serious case of ty-
phoid, but the danger is past now and
careful attention will bring the child out
all right. I have heard some alarming
things, too, in connection with the case.
Maya is known as a 'medicine' girl, an
inherited and dangerous honor. Should
the child die, Maya, though really but a
nurse in this case, under my direction,
would forfeit her own life according to
an immemorial -custom not often relaxed.
Will you not accompany me? It is early
yet and the night is superb."
(To be continued.)
"Nay when Keats died the music still had
left
One silver voice to sing his threnody,
But ah! too soon of it we were bereft.
When on that urin night and stormy sea
Panthea claimed her singer as her own,
And slew the mouth that praised her; since
Which time we walk alone,"
A Monograph.
*By CLA UDE THA YER. .
Written by one who, living in an inaccessible place, and undisturbed by prejudice or passion, is pecu-
liarly fitted for the task he has chosen.
AFTER the close of the war of the
rebellion, the people of the
United States found themselves
joined indissolubly together by a cement
mixed in the blood of their best and their
bravest. The Government was burdened
with a huge war debt. Ghastly relics of
the internecine strife, with armless
sleeves, checkered every hamlet of the
land, that now had "struck the fetters
from the slave." A myriad of thos»
slaves, unlettered, unskilled, ignorant of
the veriest rudiments of civilization, were
upon the hands of the Government — a
vast problem to be solved. Corruption
had entered into every tissue of the body
politic. The wise, plain magistrate, who
would have made for conservatism,
pruaence and public honor was stricken
down. A great area of our country was
inhabited solely by roving savages. The
wounded and diseased remnant of our
armies and the widow and the fatherless
were to be cared for. The great Ameri-
can people proved equal to all these
tasks, rising en masse to the emergency.
Public speculators, thieves and
plunderers were subjected to merciless
prosecution and social ostracism. The
royal road to political advancement in
the United States is no longer wealth,
nor what was designated "a political
pull." But it's pavement is of the sound
rock of statesmanship and wisdom and
honesty. Seats in the grave and rever-
end Senate are no longer the subject of
purchase, cabal, intrigue and resort to
the most disgraceful methods.
Though a man be as poor as Cincin-
atus, if he possesses the same qualities of
patriotism and high honor, the Senator-
ship is tendered him as a gift, the ac-
ceptance of which confers an honor upon
the donor. A wise and discriminating
course was therefore adopted in regard
to the veterans of the war. Hospitals
and homes were established for the
shelter of those actually incapacitated.
The self-respect of every veteran was
recognized by furnishing him Govern-
ment employ which would prevent him
from being dishonored by becoming a
public charge.
It was proposed at one time to make
wholesale grants of pensions regardless
of the actual requirements of the vet-
erans. Certain Congressmen of the old
degraded type conceived that suppoi t i f
such a law would add to their political
strength, and the law was actually
passed.
The response was quick and decisive.
From every G. A. R. organization pe-
titions, remonstrances, declarations of
indignant disapproval poured upon their
representatives.
To-day the law exists as a proud tes-
timonial to the self-respect of the Ameri-
can citizen. Only those veterans who
are in actual need avail themselves of its
provisions. As one by one these un-
fortunate men fall from the ranks, the
pension list decreases, and today it is the
merest bagatelle.
■^ * -^
Under the old practice the Indians had
been in many cases defrauded and driven
into acts of rebellion by thieving agents.
The entire control of the agencies was
placed in the hands of the army, which at
once proceeded to administer strict jus-
tice. A mounted police, after the Canadi-
an form, was organized. The Apaches and
other natural murdering and thieving
tribes were of necessity annihilated; but
the great mass of the Indians, under a
rule that interferes as little as possible
254
THE ^PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
with the details of their life, are insensi-
bly taking upon themselves civilization.
Their nomadic taste is gratified by the
lives they lead as herdsmen, and to-day
the supply of stock cattle of the United
States is largely maintained by them.
Schools were established for them, but
were discontinued when it was found
that upon confinement the Indian is the
victim of consumption, and that the In-
dian schools of Carlisle and Chewawa
were houses for the germination of dis-
ease. No teacher or superintendent
could be found, in fact. Ministers of the
gospel were chosen as a rule, and each
immediately resigned rather than sanc-
tion the delivery to lingering death of
so many innocent prisoners. Teachers
could not bear the misery and suffering
entailed.
The negro proposition was attacked
with American incisiveness. In the first
flush of enthusiasm it was proposed to
invest the negro with the right of suf-
frage. Instead, however, the whole of
the slave States were districted. Robert
E. Lee was placed in control of all the
districts and invested with quasi-military
power. He immediately, as far as possi-
ble, put every negro back upon his own
plantation.
A scale of wages was fixed. ' The
negro's expenditure was regulated, his
children were educated. Waste lands or
bankrupt plantations, purchased by the
Government, were subdivided and sold to
individual negroes. Responsibilities of
petty sorts were put upon them, and local
self-government was intrusted to them.
Their emigration to other States was en-
couraged. They became the railroad
builders of the great network of Ameri-
can railways, and as they were advanced
they were granted the right of suffrage.
The old planters entered most heartily in-
to the project. The positions of trust they
were given salved their wounded pride,
and they enthusiastically performed the
patriotic labors thrust upon them. No
outrage has ever been reported, nor a
lynching, nor a negro burned at the stake
in the whole of the Southern States. This
gradual resurrection of a race is the
brightest star today in the banner of
America.
The United States then found herself
at peace with her neighbors with a rapid-
ly diminishing debt, and an almost clear
financial sky, in which but one cloud
floated. A cloud which, however, might
have been pregnant with disaster, silver
lined though it was and by creating dis-
trust and uncertainty have precipitated a
wholesale ruin of our industries and a
downfall of our entire financila fabric.
Three years of uncertainty, discontent,
ruination might have followed, had not
the Senate of the United States sturdily
upheld its reputation for conservatism
and far-sighted wisdom.
Silently, quickly, without a sign of
vacillation, without an attempt upon the
part of a single Senator to exploit him-
self at the expense of his country, the
United States Senate gave the world to
understand that the gold standard and
with it public and private credit was to
be forever maintained in this broad
realm; silver should be protected, but
not to the extent of endangering every
existing financial and industrial institu-
tion. This prompt action enthroned
forever in the hearts of the present gen-
eration the members of this particular
Senate.
One sad event at this time cast a
gloom over the country, In the disap-
pointment and savagery of defeat an
unprincipled wretch accused a Senator
of having purchased stock in Wall street
while the financial issue was pending.
The Senator rose in his place in the Sen-
ate, and to a hushed and profoundly im-
pressed audience solemnly protested his
innocence of the heinous offence. No
investigation was demanded; the word
of a United States Senator uttered on
the floor of the Senate required no sub-
stantiation, but the unfortunate Senator
died within a week of pure mortification,
such being the sensitiveness of the mem-
bers of this exalted body. Municipal
control also received its share of atten-
tion; the system founded upon bossism
and ward politics was annihilated at once
and immediately by the strong force of
public sentiment.
The tenements of the great cities
were condemned; broad avenues were
cA MONOGRAPH.
255
extended; disease, mental and moral, was
overcome by the flood of pure air and of
sunshine let in upon the congested
quarters. Strikes and lockouts, murder-
ous assaults by strikers upon unarmed
employes were unheard of. Sharp re-
taliation by the authorities was uncalled
for. Co-operation between the employer
and employe had advanced to such an
extent that the interests of both were
rapidly becoming identical.
^B £3 ^
Prosperity had filled our bins, factories
were seeking markets, and the American
. genius was turned to the problem of ex-
ploiting our goods in the foreign marts.
Schools were at once established for the
sole purpose of instructing consuls and
agents in such duties. Political prefer-
ment was no longer considered in the
selection of our foreign representatives.
Education, captivating manners and
special fitness for the positions domin-
ated the appointments. Slowly, but with
a resistless force, our nursed trade made
its way against the supremacy of Eng-
land, the ambition of Germany, the al-
luring polish of France. The beginning
of the year 1897 heard the hum of fac-
tories, the roar of freight trains press-
ing to the seaboard, and saw all our har-
bors filled with the masts of our newly
constructed and fostered merchant
marine.
Unfortunately the year 1898 brought
with it a serious problem. Of all the
great possessions on this continent once
owned by Spain there remained to her
only the Gem of the Antilles.
"A land more bright
Never did mortal eye behold.
Who could have thought, that saw that night,
Those va'leys, and their fruits of gold.
Basking in heaven's serenest light,
**♦**•*»
Who could have thought that there, even
there,
Amid those scenes so still and fair
The demon of the plague had cast
From his hot wing a deadlier blast,
More mortal, far, than ever came
From the red desert's sands of flame."
The demon of the plague that had in-
vaded Cuba was born of the corruption
and political rottenness which had
threatened the United States, but which
the latter, through the strength of its
stalwart youth had overcome. The scep-
ter of Spain trembled in the hands of a
puny boy, guarded only by his mother's
love from death at the hands of a dan-
gerous and scheming pretender. The
native Cubans had kindled again the
fires of a revolution, which but a few
short years ago had been quenched in
their people's blood. Little bands of
ragged, desperate, starving men were
battling for liberty. Inch by inch they
had fought their way; inch by inch they
had curtailed the limits of the Spanish
army. A brutal bloody butcher had de-
vastated the country till not even the
crows could find subsistence, but came
with vultures to the cities where they
battened upon the bodies of the starved
reconcentradoes. It was a spectacle
that could be borne no longer. It was
too close to our own doors; the cries of
the tortured people assailed our ears. In
a critical moment one of our warships
was blown up in Havana harbor. It was
the shock that kindled the volcano. Con-
gress acted at once. The more pacific
McKinley would have accomplished the
same results that a war promised, it is
true. But Congress would have none of
that. The imputation, however, that any
Congressman allowed himself to be in-
fluenced by revenge, by greed, by the
hope of personal gain, political or pecun-
iary, is quite unfounded. Such an impu-
tation is entirely refuted by the fact that
in no single instance did any Congress-
man attempt to secure the appointment
of any friend, or relative, or favorite.
The administration was left entirely free
to select the best qualified men to com-
mand, clothe, transport and feed a hastily
improvised army of raw militia, which
course the administration pursued. Vet-
erans, experienced and skillful men,
were summoned to its assistance. No
callow youths, no sons of once promi-
nent sires, no political favorites were en-
trusted with the lives, the health and the
fortunes of our army. The conflict was
short, decisive and the result predeter-
mined. Spanish gallantry was too far
handicapped by corruption and mal-
feaseance to do more than maintain its
honor.
256
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY
The young, vigorous and puissant re-
public triumphed over the little boy king
and his aged and crumbling kingdom.
The surrender of the Spanish was
haughty, not in the best grace, but the
envoys of the United States had been
chosen from persons experienced in
diplomatic circles, and long renowned
for their charming suavity and thorough
familiarity with the language and man-
ners of the French and Spanish courts.
The iron hand was encased in the soft-
est velvet. For a moment there had
been a hesitation in the minds of the
American people. Not as to the possible
advantages which they might derive
from their victory, however. No Ameri-
can wished that another John G. Saxe
might write —
*'A neighboring nation, rich in landed spoils,
But weak through ignorance and domestic
broils,
With all the vapor of the Spanish sire,
But not one sparkle of Castillian fire,
A race like this, oh tell it not in Gath,
Invites our avarice and provokes our wrath;
And so we loose the fiendish dogs of war,
And ply our stripes to gain another star."
Such sarcasm was too cutting, such
an attitude in the eyes of the world too
disgraceful to be assumed. But the situ-
ation was, as we have seen, an unprece-
dented one A great mass of people had
shown its ability to maintain within wide
extended borders, law, freedom and pros-
perity; had taken up and assimilated
into their political organization large
bodies of ignorant untamed people, be-
sides the pouring tide of immigration
from other shores. They had exhibited
to an admiring world an absolute purity
of political life, a perfection of political
government. They had demonstrated
their ability to control the markets of
every world, and to win their way
against all odds in the marts of every
people. At the moment when their la-
bors seemed ended, and as if they had
been given leisure to felicitate themselves
upon and enjoy the splendid fabric thev
had created, Divine Providence in its un-
erring wisdom, opened for them new
paths, cast upon them new burdens, and
enjoined upon them a new succession of
duties towards the advancement of races
separated from them by color, by relig-
ion, by civilization, language and the
wide expanse of ocean.
* £ *
By a common charitable impulse, gen-
erous as the charity of heaven, unselfish
as the life of the Savior, Jesus Christ,
this great nation, without a thought of
the vast expense necessary to be in-
curred, of the sacrifice of lives in trench-
es, in hospitals, by fevers and plagues,
assumed the tremendous burdens and re-
sponsibilities involved. In an exhibi-
tion of unparalleled generosity they re-
moved from the yet unbowed shoulders
of the little boy king his terribly onerous
burden. It was a sublime act. The most
envious of nations could not but join in
the applause and admiration that fol-
lowed, and the Americo-Spanish war will
stand for all time upon the pages of his-
tory as the one instance where the vic-
tor re-imbursed the vanquished, and,
thiough motives of pure, un-alloyed hu-
manitarianism of the noblest sort, struck
frcm the defeated fetters which for cen-
turies had impeded their advancement,
and prosperity. The future historian
who attempts to chronicle the details of
the war with Spain will be embarrassed
by lack of available reference to author-
ities. The people of the United States
entered into the war as upon the per-
formance of a solemn duty. The jour-
nals treated it in a dignified unimpas-
sioned manner. A universal sentiment
that a great nation was pitted against a
pitifully weak one, rcbbed us of "That
stern joy which warriors feel in foeman
worthy of their steel." At the close a
generous pity forbade exultation.
* * «
This review could not be closed with-
out a glowing tribute to the agency of
our great modern newspapers. During
the period of our advancement strong
hands had held the cross in front of the
advancing column. From pulpit and
rostrum had poured eloquent exhorta-
tion, entreaty, encouragement, admoni-
tion. The periodicals had labored nobly;
but all of these combined, hardly over-
weighted the influence of the daily jour-
nals. Great and small they turned the
piercing search-light of truth into every
dark co. ner. No political torpedo boat
THE WIND'S STORY.
257
bound upon nefarious mission eluded
their vigilance. To them was due the
exposure and consequent ostracism of
every rogue, of every pretender, every
montebank that infested our system. So-
cial scandals, filthy crimes, prurient de-
tails were tabooed in their columns.
The trained reporters were an aid to jus-
tice, but only by information privately
supplied. The court room alone knew
the grewsome details of such things as
the Durant trial.
In the exploitation of our trade and in
the elevation of the standard of moral
and civic virtue lay their chiefest pride.
To be detected, today, in the publica-
tion as a fact of a simple rumor would
be deemed by any leading jounal as a
lasting disgrace.
When war was declared, as has been
explained upon the most holy grounds,
the high honor of the craft burned at its
brightest refulgence.
Competition was severe: the commun-
ity was clamorous for news. Cevera's
squardon was magnified into a swift po-
tent engine of destruction. The Atlantic
sea-board was defenseless. Boston was
trembling, yet urging that her safety
might be ignored for the general welfare.
Sampson and his ill assorted squadron
was on the Southern Coast. Schley and
his leashed grey-hounds at Hampton
Roads. Troops were massing. All was
anxiety, doubt and desire to know.
But secrecy as to our movements was
necessary. The press were absolutely
trusted. They were the scouts of the ad-
ministration. In their breasts were se-
rets, the publication of which would have
meant hundreds of thousands of dollars
profit. But these same secrets were pre-
served in obedience to Patriotism until
when published, they were simply hist-
ory.
After the war, President McKinley, at
a public press dinner, extolled in earnest
language this self-abnegation which had
characterized the Press, closing with a
brilliant tribute to the purity and high
tone of our wonderful American Jour-
nalism.
Tillamook, Oregon, April, 27, 1899..
The Wind's Story.
The wind was out with new found power;
It lingered on a grassy bank,
Touching a fragrant, snow white flower,
Bending a weed that grew too rank.
It swept through towns, as free winds sweep,
Shaking the curtains in its glee;
And then with one untrammeled leap,
Went wimpling o'er the summer sea.
It found a perfect isle of flowers;
Fairer than those on Eden's plain;
But left it for a few short hours,
And ne'er could find the spot again.
It moaned among the gloomy pines,
Where shy, sweet wood nympns find their
graves,
Where the glad sunlight never shines,
But funeral firs and cyprus waves.
At last it reached a land unfilled,
Flowerless, but all un vexed by strife;
And there the restless wind was stilled.
The story of the wind is, Life.
Adonen.
The Unsatisfying Draught.
'By WILLIAM H. SHELOR.
I.
MILLDS yawned, leisurely stretched
his arms behind his head, tipped
back his chair, and surveyed the
ceiling in a satisfied manner. Now and
then a smile crossed his face.
"In love with a name," he said to him-
self, "absurd — who ever heard of such a
thing-?"
Millds was a man of striking personal-
ity. There was something about his face
that attracted attention, something that
made people, with whom he had no ac-
quaintance whatever, feel that they had
met him somewhere. The chief thing
about him, however, was his indom-
nitable pride, and from his earliest re-
collection it had controlled his actions.
He recognized that his pride was
a barrier to success in social and
business relations, and yet he could not
divest himself of it. He could not but
feel that he was made of better clay than
most humanity, and this feeling made
him aggressively independent It led
him to scorn popularity as synonymous
with mediocrity and vulgarity.
"In love with a name," he repeated,
this time a trifle impatiently "mere fool-
ishness." He closed his desk, locked
the office door and started for his
club. Clayton, Stevenson, and Blake,
three intimate friends of his, were com-
ing down the steps.
"Hello, Millds," shouted Blake,
"where have you been keeping yourself
for the last week?"
"Hard at work," answered Millds,
"too busy to think of the CIud."
"Well," said Clayton, "Dewitt's recep-
tion comes off next week, and you must
not miss it. The girl that's turning all
our heads will be there. Of course you
have heard of Marion Courtney."
Millds flushed slightly and said,
"Yes, I've heard her name mentioned
a few times."
"She's a stunning girl," said Clayton.
"But like all the rest of them, now-a-
days, — unnatural and living only for so-
cial ambition," added Stevenson.
"You haven't a very high opinion of
the girls to-day," said Millds.
"Well, no," answered Stevenson, "I
compare them with the standard of
forty or fifty years ago when simpler and
more sensible ideals existed among
women. I should be sorry for the
fellow who should really fall in love with
Marion Courtney, unless he happened to
have a social pull and a big sack."
"Stevenson, you are a woman-hater,"
Blake impatiently replied. "Marion
Courtney is up to date in a good many
ways, but she is not what you make her
out to be. Ah! Speak of angels! here
she comes now."
A smart carriage drove up the
street. As it passed the Club a
young woman leaned forward and
bowed to the assembled quartette.
"So that was Marion Courtney,"
Millds mused, "that was Marion Court-
ney," as he wended his way home in a
fit of abstraction.
During the last few weeks he had
found himself thinking about her more
than was reasonable for one who had
never seen her, and the only explanation
of this interest was that some subtle in-
fluence, perhaps that indescribable feel-
ing of affinity that often precedes cases
of true love, was drawing them together.
The next day Millds sought out Blake.
"How about this reception of Dewitt's,
Blake," he said. "I am thinking of
going, but will it be worth the trouble?"
"Yes, it will be a swell affair, Millds."
dnvwled Blake, "and you ought to take it
in. Marion Courtney is sure to be
the centre of attraction. One
might think that she would tire of this
everlasting game, but it goes merrily on.
I could point to half a dozen fellows who
THE UNSATISFYING "DRAUGHT.
259
have been in love with her, and every
one of them has been turned down."
''You think about the same as Stev-
enson, after all," said Millds.
"Oh, no," he replied quickly, "we are
animated by different motives. I recog-
nize her as she is. Stevenson's stand-
point is not wholly unprejudiced. He
was in love with her himself, and was
turned down, as he thought, because he
didn't fill the bill financially."
"I should like to meet her at any rate,"
said Millds. "She must be a very inter-
esting person to have created such a sen-
sation among you in the short time she
has been here."
"Oh, she's interesting enough," re-
plied Blake. "What you want to guard
against is that she does not become too
interesting."
The effect of this conversation was to
make Millds apprehensive. Yet he felt
himself drawn to her in spite of what
had been said.
The reception was, in a way, a disap-
pointment. The introduction to which
he had looked forward so eagerly, and
which had settled once for all any doubts
of his love, was simply a passing inci-
dent to her. She made some common-
place remark about being pleased to
meet him, that she had often heard oth-
ers speak of him, and was immediately
concerned with something else. Millds
was piqued. And stung by her seem-
ing indifference, he made a firm res-
olution that he would win her love in
spite of her.
He endeavored, however, during the
following days, to bury himself in
work with the hope that he would
be able to get Marion Courtney
out of his thoughts, but met with little
success. Not only did he think of her,
but he constantly had before him a men-
tal picture of her laughing eyes as they
had met his for an instant; he saw her
beautiful brown hair that shone like silk
and hung over her temples in waves; he
saw. the deep, rich color in her cheeks,
and the perfect profile that confronted
him as she turned her head to hear what
someone was saying to her. All this
acted as the strongest stimulant to his
feelings.
The middle of summer had come, and
the town was being depopulated by the
rush to the summer resorts. Millds so
far had not yielded to an intense desire
to follow Marion Courtney, who had
gone to the beach some weeks before.
"Well," he thought at last, "I have pro-
crastinated long enough in this matter.
I shall settle it one way or the other."
The next afternoon found him strolkng
on the beach, having just joined a merry
party of which Marion Courtney was a
member.
"Why, how do you do, Mr. Millds, '"
said one of the ladies, "we had about
given you up for this year."
"How could I resist all this," he said
with a smile.
"Millds is like the rest of us after all,"
said Clayton. "The city has no attrac-
tions when beauty is not there — not even
for a recluse."
"That's about it," Millds replied with
a laugh.
"Ah, then you are a recluse, Mr.
Millds," said Miss Courtney.
"Oh, no, I assure you Miss Courtney,"
he replied, "I am far from it. That is
only Clayton's way of saying that I do-
not spend all my time at the Club."
The conversation became more limit-
ed, and Millds dexteriously managed
to accompany Miss Courtney. They
walked slowly along, somewhat in the
rear of the others. Millds was thinking
rapidly. "I'll first storm the castle," he
said to himself, "and then prepare for a
long siege."
"Do you know why I came here, Miss
Courtney?" he asked.
"Why, no, Mr. Millds, unless it was
to get some relief from the cares of bus-
iness."
"I came to see — "
"Oh, I say, Millds," shouted Wood,
"here's a youngster with a telegram for
you," and the whole party came toward
them with a merry clatter that shut out
all hope of further conversation.
He did not have an opportunity to
again be alone with Miss Courtney until
that evening at the ball.
They were dancing together.
"Shall we go out on the verancK"
said Millds when the dance was half
through.
"Yes, a splendid idea," she replied..
260
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
"It is beautiful there."
As they came out the full splendor of
the evening burst upon them, and
the cir seemed to be laden with enchant-
ment. They went to the railing an'
looked out upon the sea, glittering from
the rays of the full moon. A quietness
came over them as they gr
scene, which was only broken when
Mies Courtney said,
"What a perfect evening!"
"Yes," replied Millds, "and I never
enjoyed one more."
Miss Courtney laughed merrily.
"Is that a compliment to me or to the
evening?" she said archly.
"To you first and to the evening
next," replied Millds.
"Why, you are getting on gloriously
for a cold-hearted business man. I did
not suppose that you were given to com-
pliments."
Millds hesitated for a moment, and
then spoke calmly and with a depth of
sincerity that could not be misunder-
stood.
"I am not as a rule, Miss Courtney,
but there are times when a compliment
is but the unvarnished truth that ought
to be spoken, and when I say that I have
never enjoyed an evening more because
I have been with you, it is a compliment
of that kind." He lowered his voice,
and continued more earnestly, "I started
to tell you this afternoon why I had
come to the beach, and was interrupted.
I came, Miss Courtney, to see — you."
She arose hastily, as if frightened at
this sudden avowal, and said,
"We must go in now — and I — I
should warn you in time that we can be
only friends."
Millds, unwilling to let it be under-
stood that this was the final answer, re-
plied,
"Then let us be good friends, and as
for other relations I shall try to be pa-
tient and let the future take care of it-
self."
II.
Nevertheless Millds returned to the
city in a very depressed state of mind.
The note of warning that Stevenson had
sounded came to him again and again
in spite of all his efforts to put it aside
as unworthy of her. Her hasty answer
to the avowed object of his visit could
be constructed only according to Stev-
enson's interpretation of her character,
and while this had the tendency to make
him think less of her from that stand-*
point, it was not calculated to stem the
current of his love. Strange as it may
seem, it rather had the effect of increas-
ing it. As for the effect of his avowal
upon Miss Courtney, it at least had the
result of making her interested in him,
for however favorably or unfavorably a
woman may regard the declaration of a
man's love, from the moment that it is
made he becomes an object of interest in
her eyes, and, if he is at all worthy of it,
of considerable thought. It was in this
light that Miss Courtney regarded the
avowal of Millds; it made her think of
him, and although she would not allow
herself to consider him as a distinct pos-
sibility as her husband, her interest was
heightened by his impetuosity and
frankness.
Millds stay in the city was of short du-
ration, as the business on which he had
returned was soon transacted, and an
unquenchable desire to see and talk with
Miss Courtney urged him to the beach.
But, whether owing to prearrangement
on her part, or to the force of unkind
circumstances, for the first week after he
returned he saw very little of her alone.
As the time, however, was spent in
walking, driving, and dancing, they
were gradually thrown together more
and more, and as they became better
acquainted it seemed to him that her na-
ture was the sweetest and gentlest that
he had ever known. They had not yet
had time to sound the profounder depths
of each other's being. They were content
with present knowledge, and each
thought only of the beautiful side of the
other's character, and they were conse-
quently in a position to be happy. For
a comparatively long time he did not dis-
turb this tranquil state of affairs by pre-
maturely speaking of his feelings toward
her, for he knew that she did not love
him; and besides, he knew as well what
she would say to any further declara-
tions on his part as if she had already
said it, — so he remained silent. They
THE UNSATISFYING "DRAUGHT.
26 1
took long strolls on the beach, and she
became sufficiently interested in them
and in him — though she would not ad-
mit this to herself — to look forward to
their tramps with pleasure. The inten-
sity of his love, however, urged him to
speak on the subject that was constantly
in his mind. On one of these walks he
took her hand in his, and to his surprise
she let it remain there for some time be-
fore drawing it away.
He turned to her and looked' her full
in the eyes.
"Marion," he said, "you know that I
love you, and why should I remain si-
lent longer?"
She looked down, and answered gent-
"Did we not have a tacit understand-
ing. Mr. Millds, that you had better not
talk about it?"
"Yes, but—"
"Then it will be best for us both if you
will not," she continued slowly and
kindly. "I hope that we shall always be
Platonic friends, and why not be satis-
fied with that?"
"To me, Platonic friendship is a de-
lusion and a snare," he replied, and I
think some day you will come to think
of it in that light. But," his mood here
quickly changed, and he continued,
with a smile, "I must try harder to
keep in mind that 1 am to be content
with the present, and let the future take
care of itself."
She looked up as if a little disappoint-
ed.
The end of the season was at hand,
and the movement to the cities had al-
ready begun. Millds returned with
nothing settled in regard to his relations
with Miss Courtney. He had indeed se-
cured permission to call upon her, but
this was only a little more than poor
comfort. He wanted — craved her love
in the same manner that he loveu her,
and her failure to accord him this made
him unreasonable at times. The result
of this, however, was that when she re-
turned he decided upon a policy of in-
difference, which he maintained with
considerable success. She began to
worry about his loving her when she
did not love him, and he smiled in tri-
umph. One evening they were sitting
on the veranda of her home, and she was
plainly disturbed about something. Af-
ter a short silence she looked slyly at
him and said,
"Lewis, do you — do you — still — love
me?"
A thrill of happiness shot through
him.
"Doubt thou the stars are fire — " he
commenced.
"But I am not going to love you."
"Oh, that's all right," he answered
with a laugh, though his heart fell to the
bottom of his shoes.
"Yes; but I don't want you to love
me if I am never going to love you. You
will be unhappy, and — and — I — I
really think too much of you to — to — "
here she became a little embarassed —
"to want to be the cause of your unhap-
piness" she concluded with a sly smile.
"I am very glad that you think that
much of my happiness," he said.
"But you must not love me," she in-
sisted faintly, her tones belying her
words.
"All right," he answered.
She looked away to hide the expres-
sion on her face.
Millds recognized that she was begin-
ning to love him, but he was wise
enough not to press his suit except in
the most cautious way. Now and then,
as time went on, she would remind him
playfully and yet seriously that he must
not love her, and he would smile with
happiness, knowing that she did not in
her heart mean what she said. So grad-
ually there came to be a tacit under-
standing that she loved him, although
she would not admit it to herself or to
him in so many words.
Millds was willing to bide his time,
but there were occasions when he chafed
under the uncertainty of the future, for-
getting not only, — what he realized in
his calmer moments, — that her love for
him was growing day by day, but even
that she had begun to love him at all.
As she became more amiable and de-
lightful, and he more and more in love,
he could stand it no longer.
"Marion," he said one evening, "are
we to have no more definite understand-
ing than the one that now exists? You
know that I love you; am I to hope that
262
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
you will ever come to love me?"
She laughed musically and with evi-
dent happiness.
"I thought that you were going to let
the future take care of itself," she said.
The quiet reproach and the full mean-
ing of this reply came upon him like a
flash, and his heart beat like a tripham-
mer. The battle was won.
' "I was," he answered, and arose as if
to go. She came and stood before him
with a queer expression in her eyes.
"You are very persistent, Lewis,'' she
said.
"Persistency is a good quality," he
replied with a smile, "but what makes
you think that?"
"You seem to have determined to win
my love in spite of me, and — and — I —
I — don't seem to be able to resist you."
"Then you love me," he cried, and
threw his arms about her,, but she glided
out of them like a nymph, and all that
was left was a tingling of joy.
"No; not yet; wait until I am sure."
She was standing over by a chair.
"Marion," he said, 'come here."
She moved as if she had not the power
to resist, and came and stood near him.
"What is it?" she said.
He looked at her for a while and said
nothing.
"What is it?" she repeated.
"I love you."
She wavered a moment, and then came
nearer.
"And — I — love you," she said and
her head fell upon his shoulder.
He took her in his arms, and they
stood there for some time too amazed at
the sudden happiness for speech. Then
she slowly turned her brown eyes to his,
and he read the love in them, and saw
the answer to the question that his heart
was asking. Yet neither realized the
strength of their love until he bent down
and kissed her. Then she put her arms
around his neck and wept.
III.
Millds laughed when he thought of
what Stevenson had said. Could any
woman be more perfect than Marion? If
she had a single fault he did not see it,
and for three months he was in a state
of unalloyed happiness. Gradually, how-
ever, little, undermining doubts began
to rise in his mind, and he began to
grow dissatisfied with the relations that
existed between them. He felt more
and more that she had not given him her
heart unreservedly, and this increased
his dissatisfaction and whetted his jeal-
ousy. However, he kept these feelings
ot himself as much as possible, and tried
to put the doubts and worries aside,
thankful that she loved mm at all; but
he was hot very successful. For, al-
though he had not expressed to her in
so many words the state of his feelings,
he felt instinctively that she realized it,
and her failure to even endeavor to
straighten matters out added fuel to the
flame. In subtle and indefinable ways
she made him feel (what he realized
was perfectly true, for no one, he
thought, could possibly realize it more
than he did) that he was not worthy of
her; but consciously or unconsciously,
she seemed to wish to impress it upon
his mind, and this aroused all the pride
in his being. Both felt that a cloua had
come between them, and tneir relations
were becoming more and more strained.
"Lewis," she said at last, "I want to
have a serious talk with you."
A feeling of relief came over him, and
he quickly answered,
"I am glad that you do, Marion. I
have also wanted to talk seriously with
vou in regard to our feelings."
She pondered a moment as if making
up her mind.
"Then perhaps you will understand
me," she said, "and will not get offended
when I tell you that I have been think-
ing about us for some time, and — I feel
that I should tell you that my love for
you is not the kind that you may per-
haps think it is. — Of course, I love you,
Lewis, but I — I am not in love with you,
if you know what I mean by that. I am
in love with being loved."
"Then I have simply been flattering a
girl's vanity," he said as calmly as he
could, though his blood was boiling and
he was bristling with resentment.
"You know better than that," she
said, "but I want to be fi.-.nk with you.
I told you from the start that you loved
me at vour own risk, and I ought to tell
THE UNSATISFYING DRAUGHT.
263
you now that I met someone a few
weeks ago that — well, that I could feel
towards as I never could towards you."
"You refer to Stanfield, I suppose,"
he said in a disinterested manner.
"Yes," faintly.
"He certainly has more to commend
him to you," he replied half seriously
-and half ironically, for Stanfield was
known as a great society man whose
time was his own, and who had money
and everything that would attract a
woman that was socially ambitious.
"You make me care less for you when
you talk that way."
"I can't help it."
"You impress me in a strange way,
Lewis; I feel that if you saw that you
were making me suffer you would turn
the screws on all the harder. If you
were angry at me you would be pitiless."
"You greatly misjudge me," he re-
plied, "for if what you say were true, I
•could not have any love for you."
"But you are making me miserable,
and you are enjoying it," and she turned
her head away and the next minute was
weeping.
"Why, Marion," he cried and fell at
her feet, "I love you, I adore you, I
would give my very life for you. You
ought to know that I could not delight
in your unhappiness."
"But — you do," she said.
"Oh, no I don't, Marion; no, I don't.
It is simply that I am very miserable my-
self because I feel that you do not love
me."
Thus their attempt at a serious con-
versation ended. But in spite of the
•change of affairs, which from the
nature of the case could be but
temporary, they parted with an in-
explicable and unsatisfactory feeling.
They did not recognize then that it was
pride and ambition struggling for the
mastery over love.
Summer was now at hand, and they
were soon at the beach again. Their
walks were renewed, but with a half
smothered feeling of discontent with
their relations. She had referred in no
way to Stanfield, and he thought it un-
wise on his part to bring up the subject.
Stanfield's appearance on the scene,
however, changed matters greatly.
Millds felt that his coming was due to
Marion, and the feeling of jealousy that
this produced made his attitude towards
her more reserved. She noticed this,
and whether intentionally or not, kindled
his jealousy by her actions, until his
pride asserted itself in all its strength
and his love grew cold.
A week after Stanfield's arrival they
were walking on the beach as usual.
There was a strained feeling in the at-
mosphere. He felt uneasy, and turning
around saw Stanfield on horse-back
coming towards them. She saw him too
and turned a little pale. This angered
Millds but he said nothing. She began
to look this way and that as if for some
place to escape, and he almost hated her.
"Come, let_ us go over there," she
said, and turned abruptly to the right
and quickened her steps.
They walked in silence until they
came to a log and sat down. He was
trembling with suppressed anger, love,
jealousy, and a thousands conflicting
emotions. She was breathing excitedly.
He could stand it no longer, so turning
to her with his face white with determi-
nation, he said,
"Why didn't you want that man to
see me with you?"
She was silent, and her silence tor-
tured him beyond endurance. She
neither moved nor looked at him, and he
stirred in an uneasy manner.
"You thought that if he saw you with
me he might not think so much of you.
You were ashamed of his meeting us to-
gether. Was that it?"
She could not lie. That was it. For
an instant a great wave of love and pity
swept over him, and his fury subsided,
and he said,
"O Marion, Marion, to think, to think
that of you!"
She was still silent and then his pride
lashed him until his heart was as cold
and hard as steel.
"Well, why do we stay here?" he said
in an irritated manner.
She moved hastily, and her face was
very pale. They had gone some dist-
ance before she said a word.
"We could never be nappy together,"
264
THE TAC1FIC SMONTHLY.
she said.
He laughed in a husky, sarcastic way.
"Are you going to come to see me
again," she said.
"No."
She went into the house without a
word, and he dragged his feet away.
The next morning Millds took the
first train for the city. He had resolved
to put her out of his life, but from the
moment that he arrived in the City it
took all his strength to keep from going
to her and imploring her forgivness. He
felt that he was to blame. He cursed
himself. He cursed his pride that kept
him away, and lived in constant torture.
Two weeks of this passed by and left
him a physical wreck. He could stand it
no longer. Pride was forgotten — noth-
ing remained but the fact that he loved
her with all his heart and soul. The day
that he had thought to leave to go to
her, he picked up the morning paper
and carelessly glanced at the news.
Something impelled him to look for the
society notes, and there, standing out as
in letters of fire, he read
The engagement of Miss Marion Courtney
and Mr. James H. Stanfield is announced.
He grasped his throat to keep from
strangling, and as the realization dawned
upon him that she was lost, lost to him
forever he thought that he should go
mad. Engaged to be married — married!
Great God! He fell with his arms upon
the table and wept like a child. He had
lost all in life that made it worth living.
The End.
Women and Wages.
"By GUSTAV cANDERSON.
IN discussing a question of this nature
it would be unprofitable to enter
into details of particular cases, and
I will therefore confine myself to
general principles* fitting general condi-
tions, keeping in view the maxim upon
which most of our institutions and laws
are founded: "The greatest good for the
greatest number."
I consider it useless to discuss such a
question as the equality of the sexes. The
elements may as well quarrel as to which
is the more important. As the breezes
fill the sails and the water, true to its trust,
bears its burden, so men and women,
when each shall have understood the true
dignity of place and mission, may sail the
ship of human affairs into the harbor of
God's eternal purpose.
Wherever we miss the presence of
woman life is robbed of its harmony, in-
spiration and noblest achievements; and
it is true that whatever woman is, or has
been, so, in great measure, is, or will be,
the condition of the race, not only be-
cause or her influence over the mind and
heart of man, but it is woman who leaves
the very impress of personality upon the
youthful mind.
I have intimated my belief in the
equality of the sexes, but pray keep in
mind the fact that "equal" does not mean
■duplicate." To equal an other is not to
fill his place. Observing the distinctive
traits of the two we find a similarity yet
a difference — a difference the more strik-
ing because of the similarity. They are
alike only to such extent as to render
possible a perfect harmony — a divine
plan for an infinite purpose. An analysis
of the minds of men and women together
with their physical endowments will dis-
close a difference in development, fitness
and adaptabilities, marking out the gen-
eral spheres of the two as distinct, and
each to it-elf peculiar.
The word sphere has become obnox-
ious to many who have grown to look
upon the term in the light of past abuses,
but we use the word in its broader sens^
and apply it with due consistency to both
men and women. "Male and female
created He them," and He who created
man and woman with natures differing
made such distinction for a purpose, and
with this in view, to scorn the idea of
sphere is frowning upon the Creator's
wisdom.
WOMEN AND WAGES.
265
"And he who but wishes to invert the laws
Of order, sins against the Eternal Cause."
The highest dignity in the one is to be
womanly — to fill woman's place; in the
other to be manly, to fill a man's position.
The end and purpose of life is evident-
ly not money-making or wealth produc-
ing, the ability to earn money or produce
wealth is given us that we may sustain
life in comfort, that in turn we may best
fulfill the purpose for which the Creator
gave us life and attributes in his own like-
ness. It follows then that could life be
sustained in comfort and its mission here
be wrought without money-making, it
would be a misuse of the time and tal-
ents entrusted to us to spend them in
producing wealth. Money-making or
wage-earing, then, is a mere necessity,
and, bearing in mind that our Maker is
absolutely just and wise, it is plain that
had He intended woman for industrial
and wealth-producing purposes as He
did man, He would not have fitted man
so unmistakably for these lines while He
placed upon woman obvious hinderances.
For a simple example among many,
woman, to best fill the most holy office
before God and man, that of maternity,
has been hedged about with fortifying
barriers which restrict her from entering
the turmoil and anxiety of industrial pur-
suits. She has also been endowed with a
mind, nature and inclination, which fit
her for her sacred duty.
It is true society has not reached to
the ideal state at which I hint, but as
to nature's plans, can there be any room
for question? Shall we antagonize our
Maker's laws and purpose, or shall we
favor customs that will co-operate? Na-
ture's unerring finger has pointed out a
sphere for woman, and one for man, fit-
ting in beautiful harmony one with the
other. It follows then that the highest
and best civilization can only be reached
as social custom conforms to Divine ar-
rangement.
Man, following the line hinted at above,
may grow to full stature of true man-
hood, while woman, fitting herself for,
and following the same pursuits, must
miss the field of her greatest usefulness.
Following the line nature indicates, she
can there, without risk to her woman-
liness, find limitless room for bestowal
of her choicest talents, while she
retains, nay, builds and beautifies those
atributes in which truly are found wom-
an's widest influence for good and her
greatest power. On a general proposi-
tion therefore, any design, even though
with the noblest intent, which tends,
either directly or indirectly, to eliminate
this distinction in sphere must be at vari-
ance with nature's laws.
As, we have already observed, woman,
by nature shrinks form the ordinary tu-
mults of the busy world; but there is that
in human nature, a weakness when sub-
mitted to temptation or misdirected,
which grasps for immediate pecuniary
gain. It then becomes clear, in view of
what has already been said and what I
shall say later touching upon home and
other relationships, that a social custom
which holds out superior inducements
in public life and turmoil to men in gen-
eral is in direct harmony with natural
laws and just requirements of ■ society,
while a different rule places their viola-
tion at a premium.
Here the answer may suggest itself
that as some women are inclined, and
mentally and physically as well equipped
as men, for such pursuits as require
sterner qualities, nature intended them
for such activities.
Shall exceptions govern and custom be
established regardless of the welfare of
society as a whole, to fit peculiar cases
that are mostly, by force of circumstan-
ces, out of natural harmony? "Bad cases
make bad laws," and, indeed, such doc-
trines, carried into practice, multiply the
unfortunate and unprovided-for, and turn
young women and children out early in
life to help their natural supporter to
struggle for existence. Society is greater
than the individual. I advocate no ex-
tremes, no arbitrary rules, and I am
aware that there are multitudes of wo-
men who labor for much less than is
right, but while there is in this line much
room for reform, the greater financial
burden does and ought to fall upon men.
Equality of wages is not reform, is not
the remedy, but has proved a positive
evil, tending to undermine the best and
purest social life.
266
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
Many young women may, with pro-
priety under present conditions, follow
some of the vocations which men also
must pursue, but the cases in which
women do the same work as men in
wealth-producing must be the exception,
not the rule; and it is self-evident that,
since men predominate in all vocations
involving great hazard and endurance, a
theory which asserts men should follow
such pursuits only would be mischievous
and unjust. The inevitable necessity of
society requires that men also follow the
more peaceful, congenial vocations.
Hence, as women are by nature hindered
from the vocations first referred to, it fol-
lows that in other lines there must ensue
what we term a double competition. It
is evident this would by law of supply
and demand reduce the remuneration of
labor, but that is not all. Many of the
women thus employed receive help (and
properly so) from sources outside of their
own labor. And many — I should say
most women — after a few years, enter
into new relationships, and the re-
sponsibility in pecuniary matters shifts
upon another — a man — the husband. The
conclusion here is too evident to require
further pointing out. We have heard
those enthusiastic in the belief that there
should be no distinction of sex in busi-
ness, labor, or any pursuits, say: "We
want justice, not gallantry, and only ask
for free and equal competition." A mo-
ment's sober thought will show the fal-
lacy of this seemingly leasonable state-
ment. We believe in justice and insist
upon it, but alas for justice, alas for wo-
man, her influence and all that makes
her ^ovely, if the thought thus expressed
be in practice carried to its full and log-
ical conclusion.
For obvious reasons man is the nat-
ural supporter in pecuniary matters of
the home. Most men support, or con-
template supporting, a wife, and no
one will question that social cus-
tom should be such as to render this
requirement of society just. The agita-
tion for so-called equality (a misnomer,
by the way, since, while we believe in
equality, this agitation contends simply
for duplicate of position) shows its re-
sult in a degrading, not healthy, competi-
tion, with increase of women and child-
ren in industries, and a comparative de-
crease of men in these lines.
Defenders of this doctrine have pro-
posed as a remedy (admitting thereby
that danger is in view) absolute equality
of pay and place' which would (they
claim) prevent women from underbid-
ding men, and thus bar many women
from such fierce competition with men,
resulting in decreased wages and enforc-
ed idleness, to the needy. Has the result
of the agitation not already proved the
contrary? Were such arbitrary rule for
a moment possible, what women would be
barred, if not, in most cases, the most
needy? Teach young women that it is
popular and best for them to follow in-
dustrial and commercial careers, and
that they will receive as much in
wages as men, and just so long will
young women, for mercenary reasons,
prepare and flock to the labor market.
Legislation cannot control a question of
this kind any more than it can supply
and demand, but custom has regulated
and does control it. Indeed, not long
since we were at the other extreme when
it was difficult for women to apply her-
self to anything. Happily that time has
passed, but let us not commit another
and as great a folly.
I have already referred to the home,
and without comments upon its sanctity.
I take it that all fair-minded persons will
agree that the home is the unit, upon
which the government and social struc-
ture rests. Pure and comfortable homes
mean a healthy and ideal society, while
a decrease of home life, or a tendency
thereto, means inevitable decay and final
fall of any people suffering such condi-
tions to exist. The home shapes the des-
tiny of the nation and with it stands or
falls every institution we love and honor.
Any social custom, then, which tends to
secure, encourage and build up the
home a patriotic people will cherish.
The mutual attraction of man to wo-
man and woman to man is natural.
"Each sex desires alike till two are one."
This attraction leads to that sweetest
and noblest companionship in life,
husband and wife.
Rather than competitors the two are
THE INDIAN " cARABIAN 8NJGHTS."
267
companions in tastes and talents; rather
than challenge each other to industrial
combat let them reason together, and
rather than seeking to adjust woman to
industrial pursuits, seek to snatch her
from its thraldom, for such it must be-
come to her, and reinstate her in the
place for which nature has so lovingly
and well equipped her — in the social and
domestic realms where she renders to
mankind her most blessed service. Let
man develop in strength and manliness,
and let woman exult in her native graces
— that she may ever be and grow in the
altitude in which our Maker placed her —
the guardian angel of the race, the glory
of God's own handiwork.
The Indian "Arabian Nights."
<By H. S. LYMAN.
THE STORY OF KONAPEE.
1.
THE earliest real personage of whom
anything is known, was Kobai-
way's father, but what was the
name of this chief is not known."
"How long ago would that be?" I
asked.
"When the father lived? Perhaps a
hundred and fifty years. I know but one
significant fact about him, and that is,
he had twenty wives; which indicates he
was a man of much wealth and very ex-
tensive acquaintance and intercourse
with other tribes. He brought his wives
from a great distance, as far from the
north as Tsehalis, or Quenaiulth. Hand-
some presents were made when a wife
was married, and it was a rich man who
could afford two or three. But twenty!
That would mark one as perhaps the
greatest and richest chief for a distance
of 500 miles along the coast.
"At the time this rich and powerful
chief lived, tribal life alone was known.
We call him, therefore, by the name of
the tribe; that is, Tlah-Tsops. Perhaps
under him the tribe was at its highest.
No doubt at this time all the names
and places of their country were well es-
tablished. The names serve at least to
mark localities; they are odd, and may at
some time have had significance.
"The village of Tlah-Tsops himself
was just inside the mouth of the river, a
broad, powerful volume of water that ran
With a current of almost immeasurable
violence into the ocean; going out as
the tides fell sometimes in vast vortices,
which, meeting the sea swells, were brok-
en up into whirling combers, making
multiplied Niagaras, heaving up against
the bars. From accounts given of this
entrance in oldest times, and from what
we know, it must have been, if narrowed
as it then was — say to three miles — a
place not undeserving the terrors with
which is was afterwards invested.
"Following southwest, on the river
side, came Konapee, where Konapee
lived. The Indian names of the other
localities are shown on a map which I
have here. You will notice that many of
them begin with "Ne," which may mean
'of,' or 'place of,' as for instance, Ockli-
patli means a certain kind of lilies. Ne-
Ahklipatli is is the place of lilies. 'Enil'
means hill. What 'Ahk,' or 'Ock' means,
which occur in at least five of the above
names, Ne-Ockston, Ne-Ahkowin Ne-
acoxie, Ne-Ahkltounalthi and Ne-Ahk-
lipatli, I do not know.
'"The shore southward, curving up
into the stream that enters the bay, was
called Ne-Tul, and from Ne-Tul, as in-
deed from many points along the shore,
may be had a most superb view of the
mysterious mountain — Swolalachast, a
three-clefted peak several days' journey
inland, but towering so high as to over-
look all the range. The crest of this
peak was a gathering-place for thunder
storms. In the conception of the people
it was the nest of the thunder bird, which
268
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
spanned the sky with its out-spread
wings, and in flapping them caused the
thunder peals. The glow of its eyes was
a lightning flash.
II.
"These things occurred in the mellow
days of the chief who had twenty wives,
the father of Kobaiway, the Tlah-Tsops.
Perhaps this explains why he rose to
such great wealth and distinction.
"The season seems to have been sum-
mer, as the tribe was living at the sum-
mer home, at Tlah-Tsops point. Those
were the days when the women went out
to gather strawberries on the plains, or
the dunes that overlooked the sea, while
the men were seining for salmon on
shore.
"Some of the women went up on the
hill of Ewiltsilhulth, and looked far out
over the waste of waters. The sun was
well to the west, and the falling rays
showered the breast of the sea with sil-
ver, that gleamed upon the moving
waves.
" 'Why do you look at the sea,' asked
one of the women.
' 'When Tallapus next appears he will
come up out of the water,' replied the
other, who was a young woman.
". 'Tallapus will never come again,'
said the older.
" 'You do not know that.'
" 'Ah, but it has been many winters,
and longer than my grandfather remem-
bers, since Tallapus was seen.'
' 'But if he came once, why can he
not come again?' insisted the girl.
" 'That was when the world was new
and many things had yet to be done,'
replied the woman, 'but now all is done,
and we live on, from day to day, and
Tallapus comes no more.'
"The younger one made no reply, but
still looked off upon the glittering sea.
Perhaps if she had been disposed to
frame an answer she would have said
that all things have not yet been done,
not, at least, to her satisfaction, for youth
is ever seeking for change, and finds it
hard to accept the world as it is. To
Tsealth, the girl, the world in its youth,
when many wonderful things were done,
and the benevolent but shrewd Tallapus
was around straightening it out, would
have been a much nicer place than it was
now, grown old and stiff and common-
place.
"Perhaps this is why she remained on
the sea-knoll long after the crowd was
gone, and watched the sun set, setting as
it had always done ever since -she had
seen the sun. But she also saw, or im-
agined she saw, a tiny speck of curious
outlines, that seemed to melt far off into
the golden colors of the horizon, yet re-
appeared after sunset as a faint, pale
shadow. There was something dreamy
and. fascinating about this pale shadow,
and she said, 'Surely Tallapus will come
up out of the sea, when he comes again.
All has been clone upon the land, but
not on the ocean. So Tallapus will come
with some wonder out of the ocean.'
Then she fell to picturing Tallapus when
he came again, not as a fox, or coyote,
but as a prince, unusually tall and fair.
Indeed she was so deep in her day-
dream, or evening reverie, that as she
went clown the knoll and over the grassy
wolds toward the village of the Tlah-
Tsops, she failed entirely to notice that
Chewumps had come to meet her at the
grove.
"When at length he glided out of the
shadow and stood before her she started,
but not in fright, for here young women
had every liberty, and were physically
about equal to the men, but witn a cer-
tain repulsion to the low-built, square-
shouldered fellow, with flattened head
and protruding nose and lips.
" 'What do you want, Chewumps,' she
said, sharply.
" T will buy you!' he said.
" T belong to Tlah-Tsops,' she an-
swered. 'I am a slave, my head is not
shaped. I come from a far home.'
" T will buy you and make you free!'
said Chewumps, with great earnestness.
T will give two horses, the same as for a
chief's daughter.'
" Xo, no, Chewumps, you will not be
a fool. You will not marry a round-
head. Everybody would laugh and say
'Chewumps married a slave!'
" T will buy you for a slave, then!' he
cried out.
" 'You would be a bigger fool than
ever then,' she answered, 'for I would
THE INDIAN " cARABIAN RIGHTS."
269
kill you.'
" 'Ah,' he replied, gloomily, 'you love
nobody.'
1 'Yes,' she answered, 'I love nobody
except my father of the tribe, Tlah-
Tsops. He is a good old man and does
as I tell him; but, slave girl that I am,
none of you young men are good enough
for me, and I am pure as the daughter
of the sky.'
'She turned her head back, from
which the long black hair fell over her
shoulders, around which was thrown a
robe of sea-otter fur. Her trim figure
was tightly clad in a bodice of tanned
doe-skin, reaching to the knee; and her
ankles and feet were clad in leggings
and moccasins.
"At the end of the path under the pine
trees, stood old Tlah-Tsops. He was
laughing.
" 'Chewumps likes the little slave,' he
said. 'Chewumps will give me three
otter furs, and three haiquas; but old
Tlah-Tsops has many otters and haiquas,
and but one little Tsealth ; and when old
Tlah-Tsops is dead the little Tsealth may
have as many otter furs and haiqua
shells as Chewumps and all the young
men would sfive for her; for Tsealth is
(To be continued next month.)
dear as a daughter to me ; and she may
go to her own land.
As he said this Tsealth became as gen-
tle as she was disdainful, and taking the
hand of the gray old man, went with
him down to the lodge.
Next morning the lodge of Tlah-
Tsops was roused early by a distant cry,
or shriek, that some of the slumberers
took to be a panther skirting the village,
or the more superstitious declared, no
doubt, was a Skookum passing at day-
break to the hills; but wnich the war-
riors judged to be a cry of alarm of run-
ners from Neahkowin, bringing tidings,
perhaps, that the Killimucks had attack-
ed the southern border.
"The whole town was out in the
streets or alley-ways between the houses,
the men with their clubs and spears, and
the women with the children upon their
backs. But no more alarming object ap-
peared than the old crone who stood
with Tsealth on the sea-knoll the even-
ing before. She, however, was in a state
of utmost fright, and almost exhausted
by running.
"As soon as she could recover her
breath she began to tell what had hap-
pened.
THE WRECK OF THE JONATHAN.
'By SAM. L. SIMPSON.
[The steamship "Brother Jonathan," from
San Francisco to Astoria, ran on a sunken
rock off Crescent City, July 30, 1865, and
sunk in 45 minutes, 171 out of 190 souls on
board were drowned, among them Brigadier
General Wright, U. S. A., and wife. When
last seen the noble officer was standing on
the deck of the doomed ship, his right arm
c' piping his wife in last embrace, calmly
waiting death. The loss of the Jonathan
brought loss to all Oregon.]
And so they found the ship at last,
Long shrined in our woe and pity,
Just as she sunk in days long past
Near the cliffs of Crescent City!
Serene, in the dusk of her ocean tomb,
The wind and the waves unheeding,
Little she recks of the gleam of gloom
On the paths where the ships are speeding.
In the solemn hush of that sepulchre,
And the dim, strained light pervading,
Its mythic chamber comes to her
Neither plaudits nor upbraiding.
And what of her dead? They come not back
To the yearning hearts that waited,
Do their souls still haunt the wreck, alack,
Till the wrath of the sea is sated —
Till the wrath of the sea is sated, then
To finish the voyage broken,
And come to a strange changed world again,
Pale guests that were best unspoken?
In the web of fate each severed thread,
With its kindred threads is woven,
And the lights and shadows of the dead
Survive them when life is cloven.
270 THE <PA CIF1C SMONTHL Y.
The waves that sob on the rugged shore, Though our lost are sown in the furrowed
By the crags with horrow haunted, main,
Not only the fate of the drowned deplore Or the turf with the daisies braided,
In the years with the tale enchanted. God knoweth the harvest, or in vain
Were the life that our fears have shaded.
But sorrows the world was not to know,
Save here, in the wreathed waves' moan- ^nd so, as the sea-tides rise and fall,
ing, On the rocks at Crescent City,
Went down with the ship and darkly flow Let the old ship sleep in her gleaming pall,
In the kneeling surf's intoning. And the shrine of our grief and pity.
Ah, who shall say what might have been, But gtm through the mists of years are seen
But for this tragic ending, Two forms on her lost decks standing—
The good or the evil woven in A wife in her ]oye and faith serene
Lifes woof of mystic blending! And a soldier> calm> commanding;
The kisses and tears and swift last words, , , ■. a .
Were wrought in the mad sea's singing, His white locks wet with flying spray
And are sung today where the bleak-eyed And his arm around the dear one twining—
kjrds How well on his shoulders broad that day
On the rythmic swells are swinging. The stars of his rank were shining.
And mists, like the shapeless, sheeted dead, Oh! thus to yield to death's decree
On the lonesome beach are trailing, Is enwreathing death with glory,
And the sad stars linger overhead, A brave heart's golden legacy,
And the sea is wan with wailing. To the wrecks' pathetic story.
AN ETCHING.
MAN found himself upon a world, having dominion over the animals. — a
reasonable, thinking being. He established laws, explored the universe,
and invented ingenious arrangements of every conceivable nature; in a
word, he made the most marvelous progress, and became almost a god. Indeed,
had his soul kept pace with his advances in all lines of human endeavor, he would
have been more than "the paragon of animals;" he would have shone out like a
star in the inky firmament. But man was selfish.
Through centuries and centuries man nurtured selfishness until it grew and
waxed strong. And lo, he was in misery, and did not understand the cause there-
of. Yet as years and years rolled on, there came to man a great desire. He
would make himself better. He would uplift humanity. But he was still blind,
blind, and in the anguish of his heart he cried out: "Oh what am I here for,
what am I here for?" Yet again selfishness crossed his vision, bluned his sight,
dulled his sensibilities, and he said: "I am here to help myself. 'God helps
those who help themselves.' " And he went about his work, but his face was still
sad. Yet the feeling of unrest grew stronger as the years rolled on. The inward
struggle of man towards man, — the unsolved problem — vexed his soul. There-
fore he labored and toiled for centuries, but his efforts were almost in vain. And
almost in despair he dropped with his head on his arms, and sighed so deeply and
pitifully that the angels were brought to tears: "Life is not worth the struggle.
It is empty — empty and meaningless."
But from a source that he did not fully recognize, hope was kept up in his
heart, and so he struggled on and on. And as he struggled the burden grew
lighter, for his desire to help humanity increased. And when many more centur-
ies had gone by, and he had made vast strides in all that his hands undertok to
do, and was still unsatisfied, behold at last his selfishness had dropped away. He
saw the answer to the great question of human existence — an answer that came
to him only through trials and tribulations, and though his face bore marks of
these, there shone on it a light that was not of this earth.
From that time on, no more did man ask himself, 'What am I here for?" He
read the answer in his fellowmen's needs, and they in his. And there came a
marvelous change upon the face of the earth, and men were not as they had
teen. W. H. Shelor.
The article of Dr. Geo. Whitaker,
President of Portland University, on
"Some Suggestions on Domestic Econ-
omy," which was to have appeared in this
number, has been unavoidably delayed.
It will, however, appear in November.
Dr. Whitaker writes from a richness of
observation and experience, and his ar-
ticle will be unusually practical and in-
teresting.
-Si ■«£ -^
The unjust and disgraceful action of
France in condemning Dreyfus is bring-
ing the world to a realization that it has
in the character of the Jew the greatest
puzzle in history. Judged by the ordin-
ary course of human laws and events the
Jew should have become extinct centur-
ies ago. But though scattered upon the
face of the earth, buffeted about from
country to country, misused and abused
in every conceivable way for centuries,
he has nevertheless maintained a certain
unity, a tenacity of purpose, and a power
among the nations that compels the won-
der and admiration of the world. Who
and what is this Jew, we may well ask,
that puts to scorn the march of time, that
in being oppressed is strengthened, that
in being defeated conquers — this appar-
ent anomaly that stands out so signally
unique in the world's history? The
English sometimes boast of their lineage,
the French point back with pride to
Charlemagne, the Italians think of
Caesar, of Romulus and Remus, the
Greeks of Homer, Herodotus, Plato,
Socrates — but the Jew! What has he to
boast of? Ah! had we better not have
mentioned any other nation in the same
breath! No lineage, no antiquity, no
names in ages past can compare to those
of the Jewish race. In these at least the
Jew remains supreme. But what of art,
of literature, of science, of politics? Has
he Jew done anything in these? Halevi
and Heine, whom Matthew Arnold calls
the "most important German successor
and continuator of Goethe, in poetry;
Disraeli and Dumas in the novel;
Ludovic Halevy and a host of others in
the drama; Rachel Felix, Sonnenthal
and Sarah Bernhardt on the stage; Borne
and Karl Blind as essayists; Strauss, Ar-
thur Sullivan, Damrosch, Rubinstein,
Rosenthal, Joachim, Jules Levy, Meyer-
beer, Offenbach and Mendelssohn in mu-
sic; Millais in painting; Ricardo in polit-
ical economy; Rothschild, Beaconsfield,
Sol. Hirsch, Benjamin, Joseph Simon,
and Lord Herschell in politics — these are
but a fewr of the names that answer
the question; and Admiral Dewey an-
swered it, though unconsciously, when
he said recently:
As I look at the history of the world — of
individual historical characters as well as of
nations — it seems to me that hardly any-
one who has ever amounted to anything has
been without a trace of Jewish blood some-
where in his descent. The Jews are a won-
derful people.
Wonderful indeed! And yet the liv-
ing Sphinx. For in spite of antiquity, in
spite of all the world holds up as worthy
to be attained, — for all that has been at-
tained by the Jew, — in spite of his worthi-
ness as a citizen, his patriotism and his
manifold abilities — there exists among
the ignorant and narrow-minded an un-
reasoning prejudice against him. And
here, perhaps, more than in anything
else, the Jew shows his superiority, for he
rises above prejudice and puts it to
shame. If the Jew, therefore, has had,
in some countries, a thorny path to
travel, the times point to a brilliant fu-
ture— to a time when every Jew can feel
as did the great Beaconsfield, when,
standing erect and proud in the House
of Commons, he replied to an insulting
taunt with an exultation that must have
had in it something of that splendid and
brilliant past of his race and a vision of
the great future: 'T can well afford to
be called a Jew."
* * *
When the history of the last few years
in this century comes to be written from
a sufficiently good historical perspective,
272
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
doubtless these years will assume an im-
portance that we hardly recognize to-
day. We think of the present as an age
of invention. Liquid air, X-rays, and wire-
less telegraphy are but a few of the reas-
ons which justify such a belief. But we
\enture the prediction that it will no', be
for rcicnce or invention that these years
■\\ill be chiefly known in the future. They
will, of course, stand out prominently in
this regard, but the social movement as
represented in trusts, municipal reform,
political upheavals, and wars — a distinct
social advancement that can be properly
called and put under the head of a single
movement — will be the chief characteris-
tic of the latter part of the nineteenth
century and the beginning of the twen-
tieth.
9 9 9
"Senatorial courtesy" is what Quay de-
pends upon to secure him his old seat next
winter, upon the appointment of Governor
Stone, according to his colleague and crea-
ture, Senator Penrose. Mr. Penrose was in
Washington the other day and "talked free-
ly" on the subject, manifesting the greatest
confidence in Quay's success. Ex-State Senator
Andrews, a devoted follower of Quay, pro-
fesses even greater confidence than Penrose,
declaring that "from personal knowledge" he
is positive that the senate will seat Quay. It
is evident that the friends of the Pennsyl-
vania boss have been making a canvass of
the senate, and that the results encourage
them. — New York Evening Post.
It is difficult to see how, without stul-
tifying itself, the Senate can reverse the
precedent it established in the Corbett
case, and seat Quay, who has been ap-
pointed by Governor Stone, of Pennsyl-
vania, under identical conditions as those
which brought about the appointment of
Mr. Corbett. The Senate has established
a precedent, and the only dignified and
self-respecting course it can pursue is to
follow what it decided was right when no
"political pressure" or "influence" was
used. Otherwise it disgraces itself in its
own eyes and in the eyes of the Country,
and establishes a precedent by breaking
one that makes its actions and decisions
of even less weight and dignity than they
are now admitted to have. At the
time Mr. Corbett's case was up for
consideration, one of the strongest
arguments that was urged against seat-
ing him was the dangerous precedent
that it would establish. In the face of
this fact, is it possioie for the Senate to
be inconsistent, and, hounded by "influ-
ence," destroy the barrier that it had
builded around a possible den of corrup-
tion. Can it now say that such a prece-
dent would not be dangerous? The
Senate is made the butt of too
much abuse and ridicule already without
its putting into the hands of the press
and people such a stinging weapon as
the reversal of this precedent would
make, and loosing wdiat respect there re-
mains for what should be our most au-
gust and revered Body.
& . & &
One cannot but be struck by the ap-
parent inconsistency of the present anti-
trust movement, recently pointed out by
a prominent Portland divine. Only a
few years ago everybody seemed to favor
trusts and combinations. Now nearly
everybody is against them. Who is right?
* * *
The Interior, of Chicago, says that if
what we have under our own flag, in the
West, were in Europe, Americans would
spend a hundred millions a year to go
and see it. Leave out of consideration
the new territory that we have recently
gained in the Pacific, and it would still
be true. Those who have seen'both, say
that the scenery of the Columbia river
far surpasses that of the Rhine, and there
is nothing in Europe that can compare
with Yellowstone Park or Yosemite Val-
ley. Unfortunately, however, people do
not spend millions to go to Europe to see
scenery. They go because the older civ-
ilization is there, and they wish to exper-
ience something of what that means.
Scenery is only incidental.
* * *
The key-note of the present trouble
with society has been sounded by a re-
cent writer who says: "Two saddest se-
crets of the disease which troubles the
age we live in: the envious hatred of him
who suffers want, and the selfish forget-
fulness of him who lives in affluence."
IN POLITICS—
Dreyfus has been declared guilty, and
France has been condemned in the eyes
of the world. In a word this has been
the result of the Dreyfus trial. Disgust
with French "justice" increased as facts
were brought to light proving that the
court must have been convinced of the
innocence of the prisoner.
M. Clemenceau said Colonel Jouanste's ob-
ject was to save the general staff, and that
between Dreyfus and Mercier he selected
Mercier. The affair, declares M. Clemenceau,
was scandalously conducted. He also says
he pities the men, who, by their sentence, in-
flicted an outrage, and showed the most cul-
pable weakness. Members of the tribunal, M.
Clemenceau asserts, were convinced that
Dreyfus was innocent, but were anxious to
extend extenuating circumstances to Mercier
and to the other generals.
M. Corneilly has held that when Colonel
Jouanste refused to hear Colonel Sohwarz-
koppen, ex-German military attache in Pans,
and Colonel Panizzardi, the Italian military
attache, the president of the court was cer-
tain of Dreyfus' innocence. If Dreyfus is
guilty, he should have received a penalty for
the aggravating offense, instead of leniency
of extenuating circumstances.
Outside of France, criticism of the de-
cision has been exceedingly severe, and
the pardon of Dreyfus, forced upon
France by public opinion, has not abated
the storm of indignation. Following are
a few comments made shortly after the
decision was announced:
Rev. Hugh Price Hughes, the well-known
Wesleyan divine: "Five unhappy judges have
already taken their places in the judgment
of the human race, beside Judas, Pilate,
Judge Jeffries and other creatures. They
have sentenced their victim to a decade of
imprisonment, but they have decreed them-
selves forever to the scorn and derision and
execration of the human race. Unless France
shakes off this infamy she will be left with-
out an ally or friend."
The Daily Mail: "Rennes is France's
moral Sedan."
The Daily Graphic: "The Rennes verdict
"will live forever as the supreme effort of hu-
man wrongheadedness."
The Daily News remarks: "It Is no longer
J>reyfus, but France herself that is on trial."
The Daily Telegraph: "This infamous
judgment disgraces France, dishonors her
army, insults the kaiser and offends the best
principles of humanity. There seems noth-
ing left for France but a revolution, and a
war will reduce her to the level of Spain."
The Standard says: "We are watching by
the sick bed of a great nation, none knowing
what new and deadly form the malady may
assume."
The Times observes: "We do not hesitate
to pronounce it the greatest and most ap-
palling prostitution of justice the world has
witnessed in modern times. All the out-
rageous scandals which marked the course of
the trials pale into insignificance beside the
crowning scandal of the verdict."
The Cologne Gazette says: "It is a cow-
ardly verdict, in the barbarous spirit of the
Middle Ages. By this crime the Judges have
imposed a line of demarcation between
France and the rest of the world, which, al-
though it will not prevent diplomatic inter-
course and stay the common exchanges of
products, will, according to all the notions of
right, justice, honor, tolerance and ethics
which the civilized world bears with it in the
20th century, form a barrier only to be re-
moved by time and laborious efforts."
President Kruger will be forced either
to accept the suzeranity of England or
go to war. At present writing it looks
as if war were inevitable.
Friendly relations between the United
States and England have prevented the
Alaska boundary dispute from attaining
the seriousness it otherwise would. It is
reported that a tentative agreement will
probably be reached whereby Canada
will have free ports at Lynn canal and
Pyramid harbor. In return for these
concessions it is reported that the United
States will be granted some exceptional
fishing privileges on the Newfoundland
coast. Premier Laurier, of Canada, said
in a recent speech concerning the Alaska
dispute:
There is one question, the Alaskan bound-
ary, which has proved a stumbling block to
the success of the joint high commission.
We have stood by our rights and have not
obtained the success which we might have
expected, but, gentlemen, there is no one, I
am sure, in this audience, who will regret it,
or would express anyr regret upon it.
274
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
We want to be on the very best terms with
our neighbors to the south; we want to trade
with them; but if they will not trade with us,
our hearts will not be broken by the fact.
But if the price is to be paid by the sacri-
fice of Canadian honor, we will have none of
that price and we will continue to do as we
are doing now, paddle our own canoe. We
want to have the very best relations with
our neighbors, but while that is our aim, our
aim above all things is Cadana first, Canada
last and Canada always.
# * *
Senator Joseph Simon, while in Wash-
ington recently, is reported to have given
the following opinion as to the condition
of politics in Oregon:
Free silver is dead in Oregon, and the Re-
publicans are unanimous on the Philippine
question. This being the case, we will have
an easy victory in the next election. The Re-
publican party strongly upholds the presi-
dent's policy in the Philippines, while the
Democrats are badly divided. Oregon was
the first state to declare permanently for the
gold standard. It is more inclined that way
than ever before.
•Si -3^ "S>
In answer to the New York Journal's
inquiry as to the best means for unifying
the Democracy, John P. Altgeld replied
in part:
The Democrats of America are not going
to admit that they were wrong in 1896, and
they are going to insist that the Chicago
platform be readopted. They have no desire
to offend anybody, but they feel they cannot
honorably pursue any other course, and they
also recognize the fact that other great issues
have arisen which must be solved, if they
are solved at all, by the Democratic party,
because the Republican party has become
utterly disqualified from properly protecting
republican institutions. The question of
trusts must be dealt with, the question of a
standing army must be dealt with, the ques-
tion of imperialism and the ultimate over-
throw of our institutions must be dealt with;
government by injunction; trial by jury is an
issue, in fact, the Declaration of Independ-
ence, adopted by the fathers, is an issue, for
we have recently been told by the adherents
of the McKinley administration that that
great charter of human rights was a fraud.
The Democratic party must deal with these
great questions. In order to deal with them
it must be a positive party, it must be an
aggressive and a progressive party, it must
stand for definite things. A compromise
party is always a neutral party, and is in-
capable of doing any great things. I believe
we are going to win next year; thousands of
men who fought us in 1896 are going to
rally to our standard in 1900, and they are
not asking to be bought, they are not asking
for concessions. Some of them tell us that
they do not agree with everything we pro-
claim, but that they are in accord with
enough of what we stand for to give us their
best efforts, and this spirit is going to win.
We do not want to rule anybody out, we do
not want to dictate to anybody; we simply
say that we are making a great fight for
mighty principles, and we ask all men who
have the best interests of their country at
heart to join us.
John M. Palmer replied:
No party can be successful before the
American people which would require our
armies to abandon Cuba, Porto Rico or the
Philippines. It would be regarded as a hu-
miliation of American arms to abandon
either Dewey, by his destruction of the
Spanish fleet in Manila bay, involved the'
country in unexpected strife, and the treaty
of peace which followed it imposed upon the
country responsibilities which it cannot
avoid.
I answer, let the next National Democratic
convention nominate a conservative man for
the presidency, for example, Senator Gor-
man, Justice Van Wyck, or ex-Senator Vilas,
of Wisconsin; re-adopt the platform of 1892;
insist upon a vigorous prosecution of the
war against the Filipinos, denounce combin-
ations and trusts, and insist upon the inde-
pendence of Cuba, Porto Rico and the Phil-
ippines when capable of self-government.
Insist upon reform in the collection of the
revenues, and appeal to the country.
« « *
Two trust conferences have been held
during the month — one at Chicago and
the other at St. Louis. The remedies
proposed have been along the lines of
changes in the state corporation laws,
making it difficult, if not impossible, for
so large a corporation as a trust to exist.
One of the resolutions adopted in St.
Louis is as follows:
By recognizingthat trusts are usually com-
posed of corporations, and that corporations
are but creatures of the law, and can only
exist in the place of their creation, and can-
not migrate to another sovereignty, without
the consent of that sovereignty, and that this
consent may be withheld when desired, we
recommend as the sense of this conference
that each state pass laws providing that no
corporation which is a member of any pool
or trust in that state or elsewhere can do-
business in that state.
IN SCIENCE—
A California inventor has perfected a
buoyant coat which seems to fulfill all
requirements necessary for the preserva-
tion of life from accidents on the water,
and the New York Journal had it tested"
by a trained corps of government life-
THE SVIONTH.
275
savers. These men pronounce it a suc-
cess. It supports the wearer in any posi-
tion he cares to assume, and panic-strick-
en people who may grasp the wearer in
the water cannot endanger his life. Sup-
plies of food and water for five days can
"be carried in the apparatus, as well as a
supply of signal rockets for use at night.
The coat covers only the upper part of
the body, and does not hamper a swim-
mer. It weighs four pounds and can be
put on in twenty-two seconds. Soldiers
wearing it could cross rivers and use
their rifles in mid stream.
■^ 4B' 9
It is reported that diamond fields have
been discovered in Wisconsin.
Great Salt Lake, according to James
L. Talmage, professor of geology in the
University of Utah, is slowly disappear-
ing. He says in the New York Journal:
Irrigation, by diverting the volume of its
four tributary rivers, has sealed the fate of
Great Salt Lake. Each year its waters are
growing more acrid. Every year it grows
perceptibly smaller. Thirty years ago the
lake was eighty miles long. Today it is
barely seventy miles in length. There are
geological evidences on the rocks that the
lake has within the last two decades had a
width of forty miles. Now that width is only
twenty-five miles. At some points the shore
line has receded five miles in less than five
years. In the natural course of geological
events it may be expected that in another
hundred years there will be but a glistening
bed of salt where Great Salt Lake has been.
It has been announced by the Queen
& Crescent railroad of Ohio, that it has
secured a locomotive which makes no
smoke. If so it will add greatly to the
comfort of traveling.
9 9 9
It has been discovered by the astron-
omers of Lick Observatory that Polaris,
the North star, is in reality three stars.
Polaris itself is in reality a great sun.
IN LITERATURE—
The Atlantic Monthly is to have a new
editor. Professor Bliss Perry, of Prince-
ton University, who is promoted from
the chair of English literature in that in-
stitution to succeed Mr. Walter H. Page.
The latter resigns the editorship of the
Atlantic to accept a place as literary ad-
viser in the New York 'office of Harper
& Brothers. Professor Perry is the au-
thor of several books, among others two
novels, "The Brougnton House" and
"The Plated City." James Russell Low-
ell, Thomas Bailey Aldrich and William
Dean Howells, with others distinguish-
ed, have served the Atlantic in the ca-
pacity of editor during the its forty-two
years of existence as a magazine.
9 9-9
A recent issue of the Literary Digest
contains some interesting notes concern-
ing Chief Pokagon and his just publish-
ed book, "The Queen of the Woods."
"The noble red-man as an author is a
unique character in literature. This vol-
ume is a biographical romance. The
heroine is the Indian maiden Ionidaw,
who afterwards became the bride of the
chief, who said, "It is a true story." He
further expressed the modest hope that
it would be instructive and "do some
good." Mr. Flower says of Pokagon
that "he possesses the poets soul." But
this is true of the majority of the Indians
of the North and Northwest.
* * *
Swinburne's forthcoming tragedy has
undergone a change of title. It is now
announced as "Rosamund," and deals
with the fortunes of that Rosamund who
was Queen of the Lombards.
■* * *
The New York Times Saturday Re-
view has been advising its public to "read
the old books," and its public is express-
ing itself gratefully, and appreciatingly
acting upon the advice.
9 9 9
Lafcadio Hearn, that greatest of mod-
ern word painters, has become a subject
of the Japanese empire, taking the name
of Y. Koisumi.
■ ■* 9 9
Gibson illustrations for Mrs. Burton
Harrison's "Anglonianiacs," which ap-
peared in the Century when the story
was published serially, grace the new edi-
tion of the book, which is announced this
month.
. #. * *
One of the interesting literary discus-
sions of the month is the similarity of
"Baldoon," H. Roy Hooker's new ibook,
to "David Harum." Mr. Hooker has^ been
276
THE PACIFIC mONTHLY.
verv widely accused of intentionally imi-
tating the latter story. And now Rand,
McNally & Co., Mr. Hooker s publish-
ers, have given him a written statement
to the effect that the manuscript was in
their possession for more than a year be-
fore "David Harum" was introduced to
the public.
* « *
Among the announcements this
month the most importan t are Marion
Crawford's "Life of the Pope," and
Prince Kropotkin's autobiography. The
translations of continental fiction are
Count Tolstoy's "Resurrection," Jokai's
•'The Poor Plutocrats," and "Fruitful-
ness," by M. Zola.
IN ART—
According to John B. Cauldwell, di-
rector of fine arts for the American ex-
hibit at the Paris Exposition, the rela-
tive standing of our cities as producers
of art is as follows: New York, Phila-
delphia, Boston, Chicago, Cincinnati, In-
dianapolis and St. Louis.
-§5 -S^ -5-
Walter Crane designed the cover for
C. L. Eastlake's publication. "Pictures
in the National Gallery." This work,
Eastlake's, is pronounced "superb" by
the Athenaeum. It is accompanied by de-
scriptive and critical notes in which the
author proves very clearly that he knows
what, and what not, to touch, and he lets
Neo-Platonism, as embodied in the de-
signs of the great masters of the Renais-
sae, such as Botticelli and Leonardo,
severely alone.
* * *
The reproductions from the drawings
of H. Scott Rankin take up considerable
space in the Art Journal for September.
They are used to illustrate an article de-
scriptive of Loch Tay by Rev. Hugh
MacMillan.
* * «
The Art Amatuer for this month
shows a beautiful pencil drawing of loves
and graces by Simeon Solomon.
John A. Sargent is at work upon a
decorative composition to stand opposite
his "Moses and the Prophets," in the
Boston library. It is suggested that his
conception, though original, is too mys-
tical to be understood by most Ameri-
cans.
■S? -^ -^
"The choice of Burne — Jones Me-
morial Committee, has fallen upon Earl
Warncliffs "Cophetna and the Beggar
Maid." This choice meets with opposi-
tion in England. It is claimed that the
artist would be better represented in the
National Gallery by one of his earlier
and more primitive works. King Co-
phetna is conceded to be one of the best
products of the brush of the late Sir Ed-
ward Burne-Jones.
-^ -S? -^
That the next art season will be a busy
one is evidenced by the fact that more
than one society has been utterly unable
to secure any gallery for its annual exhi-
bition. The water colorists, for instance,
will probably have to hold their show in
the Waldorf-Astoria, and if the miniature
painters decide to have an exhibition,
they may be also obliged to go to a hotel.
IN EDUCATION—
Of the thirty new public school build-
ing for New York City recently arranged
for, eight have been completed, and the
superintendent of the New York schools
announces that there will be accommoda-
tion for every child that wishes to studv.
The facilities have been so limited that
heretofore a very large number of stu-
dents could not be provided for. It is.
only justice to say that the New York
Journal is largely responsible for the im-
proved condition.
* * *
M. Bernard, the distinguished French
architect, has been announced, as winner
of the Phebe A. Hearst competition for
plans for new buildings at Berkeley, the
home of the University of California.
The plans are extensive, and the build-
ings will be of a most magnificent char-
acter.
* * *
By a recent decision concerning the
California inheritance tax law, the Stan-
ford University estate will be forced to-
pay $300,000.00 a year into the common
school fund of that state.
IN RELIGIOUS THOUGHT—
Dr. Waldron's circular letter to the
277
THE MONTH.
bishops of his province on the occasion
of the Queen's birthday suggesting spec-
ial services, and asking that other relig-
ions bodies in India, whether Christian
or n on- Christian, might unite with
the Church of England in the "manifes-
tation of loyalty" to the Queen, has re-
sulted in bringing to light a very un-
Christian-like spirit. It was a beautiful
idea to illustrate religius unity in India
by prayers that should ascend simultane-
ously for the Empress from mosques,
synagogues, churches and temples. The
opposition to this happy plan came from
the clergy of Calcutta, and proves how
very un-Christ-like Christians can some-
times -appear.
-^ -^ -^
Kipling's influence as a "religious
teacher" is still a matter of interesting
discussion. If, as it is "frequently
claimed," his work is making any sort of
an impress upon the religious mind of
the day, it is of a healthful, vigorous
nature. Mr. Sunderland thinks that
"Aside from a dozen or so of his poems,
one would hardly know from his books
that such a thing as religion existed in
the world." He admits that Kipling
brings into the thought of our time a
strong force," but holds that, morally, it
is an "uneven" force, and that he is not
harmonious or consistent in his "relig-
ious influence. Kipling's religious con-
sistency is perhaps only to be weighed
in that eternal hour when
" only the Master shall praise us, and
only the Master shall blame;
And no one shall work for money, and no
one shall work for fame,
But each for the joy of working, and each in
his separate star,
Shall draw the thing as he sees it for the
God of Things as They Are."
* *
ft
A London journal goes to some
trouble to prove that ministers live long-,
er than other people. And the Christian
Advocate thinks this longevity is due to
their immunity from accidental death,
and to their general habits of "temper-
ance, moderation and regularity as com-
pared with most workers." They have,
too, a happy combination of mental and
physical exercise, indoor and outdoor
recreation.
LEADING EVENTS—
August 26 — At Kansas City William Jen-
nings Bryan declares his loyalty to silver.
August 27 — Secretary Root visits the army
at Camp Meade to inspect new regiments of
volunteer infantry.
August 28 — The Tenth Pennsylvania vol-
unteers are welcomed home from the war by
the President at Pittsburg.
August 29 — An oil company is formed with
a capitalization of $100,000 in which Mrs.
Phebe Hearst is the principal stockholder.
August 30 — Professor Strong, President of
the University of Oregon, arrives in Eugene
... .McLean is nominated by the Democratic
State Convention at Zanesvllle for Governor
of Ohio.
August 31 — President Figuero, of San Do-
mingo, resigns in favor of Jimenes.
September 1 — England demands that all
Transvaal disputes be settled.
September 2 — The Orange Free State is re-
ported to be in a state of panic.
September 4 — The Boers, of South Africa,
are reported to have made their final reply
to England .... General Jimenes arrives at
Porto Plata, Santo Domingo, and is hailed as
the country's deliverer.
September 6 — A revolution is reported as
pending in Venezuela.
September 7 — At Rennes the evidence in
the Dreyfus case is all in.
September 8 — At the cabinet meeting in
Washington the question of a local govern-
ment for the Filipinos on the cessation of
hostilities was discussed.
S^i t. 9 — A verdict of "guilty" is rendered
by the Dreyfus court martial.
September 10 — The condemnation of Drey-
fus is received without demonstration in
France, but with indignant protest by the
rest of the world.
September 11 — The Judges who condemned
Dreyfus petition Loubet in his behalf.
September 12 — At Madrid the Queen Re-
gent has signed a decree proclaiming mar-
tial law in the province of Viscaya.
September 13 — The Civic Federation meets
in Chicago to confer regarding trusts.
September 15 — Hon. W. J. Bryan refuses to
meet Bourke Cochran in a debate on trusts.
September 17 — Transvaal reported to be on
the "Brink of War."
September 18 — Germany refuses to assist
President Kruger in the event of war with
England.
September 20 — Through efforts of Senator
Joseph Simon two transports will outfit at
Portland for the Philippines.
September 21 — At Omaha the Republican
State convention endorses President McKin-
ley.
September 22— The First Montana volun-
teers return from Manila.
September 23 — At Akron, Ohio, Governor
Roosevelt, of New York, opens the Republi-
can campaign.
This Department is for the use of our readers, and expressions limited to six hundred words, are soli-
cited on subjects relating to any social, religious or political question. All manuscript sent in must bear the
author's name, though a nom de plume will be printed, if so desired. The publishers will not, of course,
be understood as necessarily endorsing any of the views expressed.
EQUAL RIGHTS FOR THE SEXES.
The movement for the enfranchise-
ment of women, which has attained such
extensive proportions as to command the
attention of the entire nation, sprang
spontaneously into public notice in the
Pacific Northwest, about thirty years
ago. Twenty years prior to that time it
had arisen in the Eastern states, where
though ably managed by many of the
most brilliant minds of both sexes- for
over half a century, it has never made
progress rapidly, as it has done on the
Pacific side of the continent.
All great movements for securing the
extension of freedom to any class of peo-
ple have their origin in new countries.
If at any time prior to the settlement of
our Atlantic border any man had dared
to proclaim the fundamental truths upon
which this nation is founded, he would
have paid the price of his temerity with
his head. When first the cry went out
from across the seas that "all men are
created equal," it startled kings upon
their thrones; and the demand of the
masses for representation as a just ac-
companiment of taxation convulsed em-
perors with laughter. But that cry, born
on new soil, flourished in spite of adverse
circumstances, and long ere a century of
American liberty had been an accepted
fact among the older nations of the earth,
our new empire had crossed the conti-
nent and planted its banners on the west-
ern slopes of the Rocky mountains and
over beside the Pacific seas.
And yet the enfranchisement of wo-
men was not a new thought, even in the
formation of the United States govern-
ment. It is recorded in the archives of
the famous Adams family, that on the
2d day of April, 1787, Abigail Adams,
wife of one president and mother of an-
other, went before the Continental Con-
gress and made a plea for the recognition
of equal rights for her sex. If her hus-
band, John Adams, who as her husband,
was the only man who would have dared
to take the liberty, and who was secre-
tary of that Congress, had not expunged
this patriotic plea of his noble wife from
the records, by a conjugal prerogative at
that time deemed infallible, and thus
prevented further consideration of this
great fundamental question, there would
now be no need of the pending state con-
stitutional amendment in Oregon, nor
would Wyoming, Colorado, Utah and
Idaho be enjoying the proud distinction
that is theirs today of being the onlv
states in the American Union in which
governments may "derive their just pow-
ers from the consent of the governed."
The government, having begun wrong
with the negro, and the women, was
compelled to struggle along for two-
thirds of a century with the negro ques-
tion, which still menaces it in many
ways; and it is still struggling with the
woman question which will never cease
to embarrass it until it has been settled
in full and due conformity with the Dec-
laration of Independence and Constitu-
tion of the United States.
It is impossible, in the brief space at
my command, to offer arguments in sup-
port of my contention; and, further than
to cite the opinions of a few eminent men
instates where women vote, I shall not
attempt it.
A letter from Boise, Idaho, received
by the writer for use at the last Woman's
Congress in Portland, Oiegon, signed
by I. N. Sullivan, chief justice of the su-
preme court and his associates, J. Waldo
Huston and Ralph P. Quarles, says:
"None of the evils predicted of equal suf-
frage by its opponents have come to
QUESTIONS OF THE 'DAY.
279
pass, and as a measure of justice it has
gained much in popularity since its
adoption by our people."
Wm. Balderston, editor of the Boise
Statesman, says: "Women constitute a
great reserve force, exerting itself on the
right side at the ballot-box whenever im-
portant issues are to be decided."
Every governor of Wyoming since
1869 declares equal suffrage has been a
benefit to the state. Women have voted
in Wyoming for 30 years, and the pres-
ent governor, Wm. A. Richards, says:
"In my judgment the influence of women
upon elections is good. In order to se-
cure their vote at the polls it is necessary
to nominate good men."
The legislature of Colorado adopted
resolutions at its last assembly indorsing
equal suffrage by a practically unani-
mous vote and cordially recommended
its adoption by every state in the Union.
The Woman's Club movement in the
newly-enfranchised states is considered a
potent factor in creating the hearty in-
dorsement of equal suffrage by politic-
ians, press, pulpit and people. The lead-
ing club women of Denver, Cheyenne
and Boise are all leading suffragists, al-
though most of them were not widely
known as such till a short time before the
vote was taken, when, with true patriotic
purpose they united in a social organiza-
tion for the equal suffrage campaign, as
will be done in Oregon, later on.
The public-spirited men of Oregon
need no arguments in support of the
pending amendment to enfranchise wo-
men. All know that equal suffrage is
coming, that its advent is inevitable; and
they are not disposed to allow any other
state to lead our cause to victory in the
dawn of the new century and leave Ore-
gon to bring up the rear.
Ours is not a sectarian, nor is it a
political question. It stands before the
people on its own merits. It is the rep-
resentative of nobody's fad, the exponent
of nobody's ism. In each of the states
where women vote the fad and the ism
have alike lost footing and no longer
flourish. Liberty has proved an unfailing
antidote for the sentimental politics of
woman, as well as men, wherever it has
been given the proper scope.
"Taxation without representation is
tyranny." "Women pay taxes; women
should vote." These are our principles,
the embodiment of our bill or rights.
c4biga.il Scoit cDuni<wa.y.
POEMS OF THE PACIFIC COAST.
Spinning.
11
A spider was singing herself in glee
From a moss-covered swaying bough,
A breeze came rollicking up from the sea,
And fanned her beautiful brow.
She hung, it is true, with her pretty head
down,
But her brain was cool as you please,
The fashion quite suited the cut of her gown,
And she could look up in the trees.
She saw where a humming bird lighted down,
At his throat a bright ruby gleamed,
On his head was a gold and emerald crown,
And he sat on a bough and dreamed.
The spider ran up on her silver thread
And looked in the little king's face.
"If I may sit at your feet," she said,
"I'll spin you some beautiful lace." i
III
The humming bird looked in her shining
eyes,
And then at her nimble feet,
And he said to himself, "I have found a
prize,
She is useful as well as neat."
"You may sit at my side, if it please you
well,"
Said he, "The summer time through;
And since you spin on a noiseless wheel,
I'll do the humming for you."
'Belle W. Cooke.
WHAT ARE WE HERE FOR?
The struggle for existence and the af-
fairs of this busy world occupy the atten-
tion of men to such a degree that some
of the great and momentous questions of
life are thrust aside or given a hasty and
superficial consideration. As a rule, the
little things of life occupy our attention,
not the great. We are more con-
cerned with the "play," the day's pleas-
ure, the immediate present than we are
with questions which affect our destiny.
It is "The man in the moon" that attracts
our interest and attention more than it
is the great fact that we are rushing
through space — this world of ours and
the whole universe — at an inconceivable
rate of speed, taking us we know not
whither, and knowing not from whence
we came! It is the selfish, the small, the
present at which man looks with eager
eyes, and grasps with nervous, out-
stretched hands, unmindful or ignorant
of the fact that by considering his future,
his destiny, and acting with reference
thereto he can most wisely spend the
present.
* * *
Yet there comes at some time a pause
in the life of every man. The cares of
business, happiness, temporary or per-
manent, misery, death, success or failure,
or any influence, abstract or concrete —
none of them can prevent it. Man must
realize that he is hereupon this earth, and
he must ask himself, "What for?" He must
pause to think. If he be a toiler, of the
tenements, a poor, wasted being, wearing
his life away in weary, unprofitable la-
bor, and the wretchedness and hopeless-
ness of his lot causes him to cry out from
the depths of his soul, "What is all this
weary, weary, unprofitable struggle for?
Why am I here to suffer?" — he often sees
no answer.
If he be one engrossed in business life,
a slave to work, rushing through his
time like a meteor across the sky, or one
.surfeited with pleasure, sometime, some-
where, something, — perhaps death, per-
haps fruitless endeavor, perhaps a sense
of the uselessness of it all will arrest him,
and he will ask himself: "What are we
here for? What means this life of ours?
Fourscore years! To think? To do? To
make a name? To please one's self? To
die?" •
■© -^ 9>
We are here on this wcrld — -a living
fact. It was not chance that put man here.
That it was for some purpose is too evi-
dent to be denied. Man is master of the
world. The elements bow to his supre-
macy. The animals do his will. And yet
if man tills the soil — if he raises corn or
potatoes or wheat — from year to year,
can he feel that he has accomplished his
mission? Was he put here simply to dig
the earth? Something within him scouts
the idea. What then? For pleasure or
self-gratification? "To eat, drink, and
be merry?" One has lived such a life.
He comes to die; he reviews the years,
and says: "I have accomplished my mis-
sion. I have realized what I was placed
on earth for, and have nobly performed
my part. I go to the Great Unknown sat-
isfied." Could a greater incongruity or
impossibility be imagined? He would,
cry, in reality, as did young Marlowe on
his death-bed: ''Oh that a year were
granted me to live, but I must die. of
every man abhorred! Time, loosely
spent, will not again be won! My time
is loosely spent— and I undone."
* * * .
Our mission on this earth is plain to
those who believe in a future life — clear-
ly it is to prepare for it. Those who do
not believe in a future existence can give
no satisfactory answer to the problem.
To desire to uplift humanity and to make
the world better for our passing a few on
it are indeed noble, but is that all? To
better others, to make ourselves a little
better — this reward is not sufficient. It
does not justify the trials and sorrows
THE SMAGAZINES.
281
•of living. The years spent here had bet-
ter have never been. The answer to
''What are we here for?" must, therefore,
involve our faith in a future life, and each
individual answer to the question must
determine the attitude of the person to-
wards an eternity, and whether or not he
can say with Paul: "I have fought a
good fight, I have finished my course, I
have kept the faith; henceforth there is
laid up for me a crown of righteousness."
The Minister.
THE MAGAZINES.
FOR OCTOBER.
Scribner's —
'Tn the Small Hours," by Brander
Mathews, records the thoughts of a
joung man between sleeping and wak-
ing, the reflections that come to him in
that still night season which precedes the
dawn. It is hardly a story, an impression
rather, that the man himself will remem-
ber only as a dream.
"The Royal intent" is another chapter
from the lives of "Mr. Cutting" and his
Irish friends by William Maynadier
Browne, and deals with the advent of
the "Heir Apparent." The "Autobio-
graphical Sketch of Mrs. John Drew" is-
prefaced with an introduction by her
son, and is not quite so intensely inter-
esting as was the antobiography of Jos-
eph Jefferson, given to the world a few
years since.
The Century —
Professor Benjamin Ide Wheeler
brings his 'Alexander the Great" to a
conclusion in the October number. This
Tiistory, with its beautiful illustrations
fhas been one of the greatest attractions
of the year.
The cruise of Captain Slocum in the
"Spray" is akin to Conrad's "Children of
the Sea," and Frank Bullen's idyls in in-
terest. In this second chapter of his ad-
ventures the gallant Captain tells of how
"he run ashore on the coast of Uruguay
I — and how, after much toil and a narrow
•escape from drowning, he managed to
get his staunch craft again afloat. Later
lie had an encounter with the natives of
Tierra del Fuego wherein carpet tacks
instead of firearms were the weapons he
employed in vanquishing the foe.
"As drowsiness came on Ifirst sprinkled
the deck with the carpet tacks that my
old friend Samblich had given me, and
then I turned in. I saw to it that not a
few of them stood 'business end' up; for
when the spray passed Thieves' Bay two
canoes had put out and followed in her
wake, and there was no disguising the
fact any longer that I was alone.
"Now, it is well known that one cannot
step on a tack without saying something
about it. A pretty good Christian will
whislle when he steps on the 'commerc-
ial end' of a carpet tack; a savage will
howl and claw the air, and that was just
what happened that night about twelve
o'clock, while I was asleep in the cabin,
where the savages thought they 'had
me,' sloop and all. They changed their
minds, however, when they stepped on
deck, for then they thought that I or
somebody else had them."
McClure's —
Admiral Dewey's portrait honors the
cover of McClure's for October. And
Admiral Dewey full length, sitting,
standing, side view and dauntless front;
Admiral Dewey with "Bob" and Admiral
Dewey at dinner, graces many of the
pages of the magazine, the first half of
which is occupied by Governor Roose-
velt's tribute to the hero of Manila Bay,
and of Joseph L. Stickney's "With Dew-
ey in the Mediterranean."
The Cosmopolitan —
Charlotte Perkins Stetson, whose
name is appearing in the magazines with
increasing frequency, writes regarding
"Work" in this number of the Cosmo-
politan. Her article is excellent and at
the same time somewhat disappointing,
because you feel that in spite of all she
says upon this very practical subject, she
might say so much more.
CONDUCTED BY CATHARINE COGSWELL.
There is nothing more interesting to
the ordinary mortal who disdains to frit-
ter away his time with pen and ink and
paper, than to hear authors criticize each
other. They do it so charitably, you
know. For an instance, just listen to what
one of them has to say in an article
which he calls a treatise upon "The De-
cay of Lying." He begins with Rider
Haggard. "As for Mr. Haggard," he re-
marks, "who has, or had once the mak-
ings of a perfectly magnificent liar, he is
now so afraid of being suspected of
genius that when he does tell us any-
thing marvelous, he feels bound to in-
vent a personal reminiscence, and to put
in a foot-note as a kind of cowardly cor-
roboration. Nor are our other novelists
much better. Mr. Henry James writes
fiction as if it were a painful duty." If
you, dear reader, do not quite under-
stand or Delieve this, pray attempt the
perusal of tha late producion of the au-
thor of "Daisy Miller," entitled "The
Awkward Age," and you will believe it.
But to return to the critic who is inter-
esting in his dissertation upon lying
mainly because he tells the truth. He
says: "Mr. Hall Caine aims at the gran-
diose, but then he writes at the top of his
voice. He is so loud that one cannot
hear what he says." Was the "Manx-
man" ever more tersely summed up?
And who but another author would dare
to do it? There seems to be but two
modern novelists whom this caustic
story-teller forbears to impale upon the
points of his sharp steel pen. They are
Balzac and Meredith. This is what he
has to say of Meredith. Now that I re-
consider it I am not so sure that it is
not indited with a gray goose quill.
"Ah, Meredith!" he exclaimed, "who
can define him? His style is chaos il-
lumined by flashes of lightning. As a
writer he has mastered everything ex-
cept language. As a novelist, he can do
everything, except tell a story ; as an
artist he is everything except articulate.
But whatever he is, he is not a realist. Or
rather I would say that he is a child of
realism who is not on speaking terms
with his father."
It is human nature to enjoy reading a
writer who expresses ones own ideas andj
opinions. This is exactly what I think
of George Meredith. I thank the critic j
for so aptly expressing my own thought.
I should never have had the temerity to]
do it myself, and if I had no one would j
have listened, inasmuch as I am not an j
author. I quite agree with him, too, j
when he says that "Meredith is a prose)
Browning," and also, that ''Browning
used poetry as a means of writing prose." :
&> _ ™ - wt
"No great artist," it has been said,
"ever sees things as they really are. If he
did he would cease to be an artist." I ami
not quite sure that this is true. Rather, 1 1
think the artist is only he who does seel
the real and so recognizes that only thel
ideal is reality.
"To look at a thing is very different!
from seeing a thing. One does not seel
anything until one sees beauty." Andj
the man who sees beauty must possess]
the artist soul, though the artist hand bel
denied him. All men who daub color up-j
on canvas are not artists and the great
majority of artists do not know a water'
color from an oil painting. For the artist
is he who sees the beauty in a flower, aj
leaf, in the mist that hangs above the
river, in the swelling breast of a green
hill, or in the splendor of a sunset, andj
you will find him just as often in a lonely
cabin in the primeval forest, in a hut in.)
a little clearing in the woods, or herding:
his cattle on the vast plateau a thousand
miles from art and picture galleries and)|
studios as in the busy haunts of men, the;
marts of trade or the stately homes ofl
wealth and culture..
JUSTICE TO THE JEW.
Madison C. Peters — F. Tennyson Neely,
New York.
A book that will sell because of its
"title, a book that will be read because just
now the whole civilized world is united
in sympathy for the Jew; and a book
that will carry influence because it states
facts — startling and unremembered facts.
The author, Reverend Madison C.
Peters, has divided his work into thir-
teen chapters. He writes of the Jew in
finance, in science, in art and politics. He
defines the attitude of "Modern Judaism
toward Christianity," and quotes Rabbi
Alexander Kohut who said, "Not theory,
but practice, deed not creed, should be
the watchword of modern races stamped
with blazing characters of rational equity
and useful brotherhood." And from Dr.
Gottheil's sermon preached from the
text:- "Have we not all one Father?
Hath not one God created us all?" To the
end that a "better understanding and
a more friendly disposition between the
various creeds and churches" be estab-
lished, he takes the following: "Judaism
and Christianity originally were of one
faith. They are children of the same
household, and their division has been of
no advantage to either side." It was
Macaulay who said, "The Jew is what we
made him." To which Leroy Beaulieu
forcibly adds, "'His virtues are his own,
his vices are our making."
Who does not recall Disraeli's reply
when taunted in the house of Lords for
his Jewish extractions? "I can well af-
ford to be called a Jew."
The work is prefaced by Edward Syd-
ney Tyler's burning ''.Lines to an Anti-
Semite, a fierce arraignment of the Span-
ish cruelty — merciless, horrible, yet true,
too true. It is not pleasant to recall the
• deeds of Spain, or to look on the while.
"Unmoved she sees her pearls depart,
And smiles with alien eyes;
For heavy on her palsied heart
The curse of Israel lies."
And this — may not France read and
ponder? For she too, shall come to real-
ize the truth of it, when —
"Before one dread, impartial har,
Her sons shall find ere long,
How terrible the helpless are,
The feeble ones how strong!"
* * *
Notes.
Longfellow's Boston friends claimed
for him that "he was the only American
citizen born since the Declaration of In-
dependence who positively could not
make a speech upon any subject."
Benjamim Ide Wheeler's "Alexander
the Great" has been added to G. P. Put-
nam's Son's series, entitled "Heroes of
the Nations."
The Frederick A. Stokes Company is
bringing out Stephen Crane's new work.
"Active Series," now running as a news-
paper serial.
New editions of two of Maurus Jokai's
books are to be issued by the Doubleday
& McClure Company.
Winston Churchill's Novel, "Richard
Carvel" is now in its fifteenth edition and
is selling at the rate of one thousand cop-
ies a day.
It is pleasant to know that Rudyard
Kipling and Mark Twain admire each
other so heartily. Kipling who recently
read and re-read "Tom Sawyer,' 'said he
would rather have written that book "than
any that has been published during its
lifetime — and Mark Twain would will-
ingly exchange its authorship for that cjf
the Jungle Books.
CONDUCTED BY DOWNING, HOPKINS & CO.
The financial outlook cannot be re-
garded as clear, pending the settlement
of the critical situation in South Africa,
or until the current comparative string-
ency in the money market relaxes. The
importance of the first-named is largely
contingent upon the question as to
whether the Boers will adopt retaliatory
measures upon their enemies, as, for ex-
ample, the destruction of the Ran-1 ci
mines. In the event of hostilities in
South Africa, there would, of course, be
involved a more or less prolonged inter-
ruption of the gold exports from that
quarter, but on the other Hand it is im-
probable that the war itself would be of
long duration. Besides this, hostilities
between the countries concerned would
not imply any interruption to the world's
trade, and, indeed, its significance is al-
together localized in the noted question.
In addition to the two points cited, there
may be mentioned the state elections
sixty days hence, which, while wanting
in elements of direct national political
significance, will still in their issue be
construed as foreshadowing the upshot
of the national election of next year.
x hese matters appear to comprise about
all there is that can be foreseen in the
outlook of a restraining or unfavorable
character. Apart from them, the situation
possesses all of the many strong con-
structive elements that have been engag-
ing attention for so many months.
The uncertainty attending the out-
come of the situation in South Africa is
likely very soon to be removed, which
will deprive that question of much of its
baneful influence. The money market
situation and outlook is more dubious.
The banking reserves of New York have
been cut down to a point which curtails
the ability of local lenders of money to
extend further accommodation to bor-
rows upon securities, who are, as al-
ways, the users of unemployed capital
and upon whom always falls the demand
for the repayment of funds borrowed
when they are needed eisewhere, for the
reason that they pay the least for their
accommodation. Explanations of the
current monetary stringency are mani-
fold. The prolonged heavy speculation
in securities and the industrial combina-
tions of the year have contributed their
full part towards the existing conditions.
A good deal of loose thinking and
loose writing are constantly being noted
just now in regard to the relations that
exist between the New York banks and
the extra clearing house financial institu-
tions and the banks of the interior. It
may not be generally known that the
great trust companies of New York, for
example, with general deposit accounts,
which extend in several cases to $50,000,-
000 and over, keep no more actual cash
on hand than is necessary for the con-
duct of the petty details of their business ;
indeed, according to the report furnished
by the trust companies, in their state-
ment as of June 30, only three of these
institutions had any considerable amount
on hand, and their total holdings were
not in excess of $10,000,000. On the
other hand, the trust companies keep
very heavy balances on deposit with the
banks, four of the largest companies hav-
ing, on the day named, upon deposit with
the banks over $30,000,000. The trust
companies are also exceedingly heavv
lenders of money on collateral. The po-
sition of the New York banks will again
be restored to a safe point when the
trust companies and other extra clearing-
house lenders of money and the out-of-
town banks assume the loans on call no-v
held by the associated banks. The ulti-
mate effect of this will be to reduce the
banks' loan and deposit accounts per-
mitting their cash holdings to rise to a
stronger ratio to their liabilities. Through
some such general process, as is outlined
above, it is to be expected that the New
York money market will be restored to
a stronger position, and this, seemingly,
is the only way to that end.
CONDUCTED BY E- C. PROTZMAN.
Solution to Chess Problem Given n July.
No correct solutions were sent in to the
Chess problen given in July. The problem is
a "beauty," and is given below with the so-
lutions by the composer, Jos. Ney Babson:
White— King, Q. 8; Queen, K. Kt. Sq.;
Rooks, Q. B. 2 and Q. Kt. 7; Bishops, Q. R.
3 and 8; Knights, Q. 7 and Q. R. 7; Pawns,
K. R. 7, K. B. 4, K. B. 2 and 6, K 3, and Q. R.
2. Fourteen pieces.
Black— King, Q. 4; Rooks, Q. Kt. 5;
'Knights, K. R. 5 and K. 8; Bishops, Q. Kt.
and Q. B. 6; Pawns, K. Kt. 2, K. B. 6 and Q.
R. 3 and 4. Ten pieces.
White to mate in three moves.
A Game Between Steinitz and Showalter.
A chess expert says the game shows "how an
ordinary champion will fare sometimes when
he falls into the hands of an extraordinary
champion." The notes are taken from the
New York Clipper:
Showalter.
Black.
1.
g)
(h)
White.
Steinitz.
P— Q 4
2. P— Q B 4
3. Q Kt— B 3
4. Q B— Kt 5 (f)
5. P— K 3
6. Q R— B sq
7. K Kt— B 3
8. K B— Q3
!t. O B— R 4
10. K B x P
11. Q B— Kt 3
12. K B— Q 3
13. Kt P x Kt
14. Q R— B 2
15. K Kt— K 5
16. Q— K B 3
17. Castles
18. K R— Kt sq
19. P— Q B 4
20. K R x Kt (j)
21. K Kt x P
22. Q x Q B
23. B P x P
24. Kt P x Q
25. P— Q B 7
26. Q R— B 6
27. K B— B 4
28. B x K P
29. B x P and Mr. Showalter resigns — a
thing he very rarely does before the thirtieth
move!
(f) A strong continuation occasionally
adopted. It is by no means easy to dislodge
the Bishop satisfactorily.
(g) This weakening step might perhaps
have been dispensed with.
1. P— Q 4
2. P— K 3
3. K Kt— B 3
4. K B— K 2
5. Q Kt— Q 2
6. Castles
7. P— Q B 3
8. P— K R 3
9. Q P x P
10. K Kt— Q 4
11. Q Kt— his 3
12. Kt x Kt ?
13. K B— R 6 (i)
14. Q B— Q 4
15. B— K sq
16. P— K B 4 ?
17. Kt— Q 4
18. P— Q Kt 4
19. Kt— his 5
K B x R
Q B x Kt
Q— Kt 3
Q x Q
P— Q R 3
K R— B sq
K B— R 4
K— B sq
K— his 2
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
(h) Nor do we approve the judgment of
this rather remote move. Kt to B 3 might be
better. Black's next move is unfathonable,
merely strengthening the opponent's Pawn
centre.
(i) Apprehending, perhaps, the manouvre
of B to Kt sq, with Q to her 3.
(j) Having got his opponent's Pawn de-
moralized, White, by this beautiful sacrifice,
is enabled to pick them off one by one.
From 18 ... to the end White plays ex-
ceedingly fine chess.
^& 9 9
A grand display of Chess with living pieces
was made recently at Prague. The field of
battle was a large square 200 meters in length
and breadth. The pieces represented two
armies of no less than 256 persons, with
horses and chariots. The game, composed by
the celebrated problemist, M. Dubrosky, was
a mimic reproduction of the defeat of the
Hungarian King Corvinus by the Bohemian
King Podjebrad. The Hungarian King sur-
rendered his sword after the thirty-second
move. — Literary Diges*.
William Steinitz, at sixty-one years of age,
was one of the greatest Chess-masters in the
world. He has a record which has never
been equaled in the history of Chess: for
twenty-six years he was the champion of the
world. Besides this fact, Mr. Steinitz was
one of the most distinguished Chess-analysts
of the age, and has done as much, possibly
more, than any other man to further the in-
terest in the royal game. — Literary Digest.
* * *
A Little Beauty.
gives Mrs. W. J. Baird (the
odds of K Kt, and she givea
he will not soon forget."-'
"Dr Hamilton
Chess Queen) the
him a fillip that
Leeds Mercury.
Dr. H.
White.
P— K 4
B— B 4
P— Q 3
P— K R 3
Castles
P— B 4
B x P
P x P
B— Q 2
Q— K 2
B— Kt 3
K— R sq
P x B
And Black
1.
2.
3.
4
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Mrs. B.
Black.
P— K 4
Kt— K B
B— K 2
Castles
P— Q B 3
P x P
P— Q 4 !
Kt x P
B— K 3
Q— Q 2
B— B 4
B x P
eh
mates in three moves.
The Oregon Industrial Exposition.
The Oregon Industrial Exposition at Port-
land has one of the best bands on the coast,
which gives grand concerts day and evening,
from September 28 to October 28. Bennett's
full military band renders music that in-
spires and pleases all, and its array of solo-
ists have a fame that is world-wide.
The amateur photographers of the world
are invited to compete for prizes at the Ex-
position that is held at Portland, September
28 to October 28, and $200 in casn prizes will
be awarded.
The immense Exposition building at Port-
land has been vastly improved in every part
of its interior, and is gay with flags and
bunting, and at night presents a scene of
splendor rarely equalled. It has 3500 electric
lights, and presents a picture to be long re-
membered. The opening night will be Sep-
tember 28, and the fair will be a series of
surprises up to October 28.
Gen. 0. Summers, Col. D. M. Dunne and
Capt. E. S. Edwards have arranged at the Or-
egon Industrial Exposition a splendid collec-
tion of war trophies and curios from the
Philippines, which will be especially exhib-
ited for the benefit of the monument fund.
Many of the veteran volunteers of the Second
Oregon are taking an active interest in this
war museum. It will be one of the features
of the great fair.
The reproduction of Multnomah Falls at
the Oregon Industrial Exposition is a grand
feature. The real water, with the whole of
Bull Run river behind it, falls 80 feet; and
the rustic bridge is for people to cross, and
the sylvan pools, and ferns and mosses and
big, live fir trees. The falls will attract
great crowds from the opening of the fair.
Portland is a very attractive city to visit,
and it has such a splendid street car system
that the stranger can see the business sec-
tion, the attractive homes and the splendid
suburbs all on a single 5 cent fare, while com-
fortably seated in open electric cars.
All the products of the great northwest are
on exhibition at Portland. The mines, farms,
fields, factories, forests and fisheries all make
a grand showing, and there are grains and
grasses that any part of the world may well
be proud of. The big fair runs from Septem-
ber 28 to October 28.
Besides the very best band music, the Or-
egon Industrial Exposition has secured at
great expense the services of the wonderful
Florenz troupe and the Macarte Sisters,
world-renowned aerial and acrobatic ar-
tists, and they will give performances
every evening, and there will be Major Ganz,
the smallest man in the world, and many
other attractions.
* * *
The London Telegraph tells the following
story: "When Emerson visited Carlyle in
London he expressed doubts to the latter of
the personality of the devil. Carlyle took
him to see many of the 'shows' of the metrop-
olis, asking him, as they issued from each
reeking lane filled with the shouts of intoxi-
cated men and women, whether he had not
changed his opinion. At last they arrived in
the House of Commons, and, as they sat in
the strangers' gallery listening to some ora-
tor's rigamarole, Carlyle punched his friend
in the ribs and asked, 'Do you believe in a
deevil noo?' "
■* * *
At the Telephone. — A business house of
Aberdeen, Scotland, recently engaged as of-
fice boy a raw country youth. It was part of
his duties to attend the telephone in his mas-
ter's absence. When first called upon to an-
swer the bell, in reply to the usual query
"Are you there V" he nodded assent. Again
the question came, and still again, and each
time the boy gave an answering nod. When
the question came for the fourth time, how-
ever, the boy, losing his temper, roared
through the telephone:
"Man, a' ye blin'? I've been noddin' me
haid aff for t' last hauf 'oor!"
Superlative. — One hot summer's day a gen-
tleman who was waiting for his train at one
of our country stations asked a porter, who
was lying on one of the seats, where the sta-
tion master lived, and the porter lazily point-
ed to the house with his foot. The gentle-
man, very much struck at the man's lazi-
ness, said:
"If you can show me a lazier action than
that, my good man, I'll give you two and
six pencce."
The porter, not moving an inch, replied:
"Put it in my pocket, guv'nor."
9 ' &■ 9
"I see by the dictionary," said the foreign-
er who was struggling with the English lan-
guage, "that 'unbend' means to 'relax,' and
'unbending' means 'unyielding.' "
"Don't blame me!" replied his American
friend, cheerfully. "I didn't write the dic-
tionary."
# # *
Attorney (sternly)— The witness will please
state if the prisoner was in the habit of
whistling when alone.
Witness — I don't know; I was never with
the prisoner when he was alone.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
■ . ' ' in—i
I5j
STOP! THINK!! I
THE PORTLAND SANITARIUM 5
is fully equipped for treating all forms of Dis fj
eases, has the best of medical skill and thorough- jjj
ly trained gentlemen and lady nurses. Is also jj
prepared to administer all forms of treatment Tj
in the way of Baths— Electricity, Manual *?£
Swedish Movements, Massage, etc., and T*
for using the many appliances that have been so TJ
thoroughly tried by the partnt institution lo- 9
cated at Battle Creek, Mich., the largest institu- vj
tion of the kind in the world.
For further information and terms, write
The Portland Sanitarium, *
&
First and Montgomery Sts., Portland, Or. V
Amongst the minor ills of life
One of the very 'worst is laundry <work that is badly done. It not only uses up the
cloth rapidly, but it destroys the temper and gives one an unsatisfactory appearance
ivhere finish is most needed. <£<£ Starched linen collars, shirts and cuffs must be un-
questionably immaculate, done voith no risk, a certainty as to result.
THE UNION LAUNDRY
has come to represent this to men ivho make any effort at all to dress vjel.. Those
<who have not tried us voill find that it vjitl pay them to do so. Send a postal or tele-
vhone, and vve <wilt call.
Telephones J Columbia^, UNION LAUNDRY COMPANY,
* Telephones j Qregon AlWna ^ 53 Rando,ph 5^
-♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦» »♦♦+♦♦♦♦ ♦»♦ + ♦»♦♦♦♦ M»M»tMtMMMMMM>H»
Downing, Hopkins & Co.
♦♦♦ BROKERS ♦♦♦
Chicago
Board of Trade.
New York
Stock Exchange.
Continuous market quotations at principal centers of trade received
over our own wires. Branch offices at Seattle, Tacoma, Spokane,
Walla Walla, Colfax, Wash., Vancouver and Victoria, B. C.
CORRESPONDENCE INVITED.
Head Office,
Ground Floor, Chamber of Commerce,
Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertisers .^kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
4-f
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
CARRIES A FULL LINE OF
MOTORS from One-half Horse Power Up
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kind*
of Machinery.
ARC and INCANDESCENT LIGHTING.
Electric and Bell Wiring a Specialty.
Electric Supplies
SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
COR. SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
Insure your property ivith the
Home Insurance Co*
— Of New York
Cash Capital, $3,000,000.00.
The Great American Fire Insurance
Company.
Assets aggregating over $12,000,000.00. ALL
available for American Policy Holders.
J. D. COLEMAN, General Agent,
JOHN H. BURGARD,
SPECIAL AGENT.
250 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OR.
WIREAIRDN WORKS
~0ank 3torc& OrncE RailiH*
ft
•...■. !■'■:■:
USCrUL ft'ORNAnCKTAL WIRE It IRON
SRILl WORK FOR CUVATM HCLOSUf
534 ALDER SI.
P?KTlArtD.0re$orv.
Wire and Iron Fencing,
Window Guards, Etc.
Tel. Black 1961.
335 ALDER ST.
***#£****************££****££ jl
Tile Biumauer-FranK Drug Co.
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORT. AND, OREGON
W. J. THOMSON & CO.
J
J> First-class work in
Jj HALF TONES
«
«
4> 105 J^ First Street, Bet. Stark and Washington o»
*> Portland, Oregon S
ZINC ETCHING
DESIGNING
ENGRAVING
i
Artistic infects in Photography MjfcM*/**
<Are demanded now as never before. We have all of the
up-to-date methods for securing this result.
M^ ^E Sf Dekum Building, Portland, Or.
\\/e call for ponge ress and deliver one suit of
your clot!/ lg eac i week for $1.00 per month.
I Jnique Tailoring Co., 124 6th St.
Oregon 'Phone M. 514.
Columbia 'Phone 736.
When dec ng with our advertiser$, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
-d\mBricanJipundriL .
COR. TWELFTH AND FLANDERS STS.
All Orders Promptly Executed. Telephones — 851 Both Companies
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
T^TBTHss/Tv'Fv'FR AND fiHRF^Fv
Telephone 371
105, 107, 1074 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
Portland Cut-Rate Taxidermist Co.
184^ THIRD ST., PORTLAND, OR.
Birds, Animals and Insects finely mounted in
1 a life-like manner. Rates reasonale.
Lessons given in
Taxidermy 50 cents.
W. B. MALLEIS, Manager.
Established 1872
JOHN A.BECK
Dealer in
Waters, Diamonds, Jewelry, Silverware,
270 Morrison St., Bet. Third and Fourth,
REPAIRING A SPECIALTY PORTLAND. OREGON
SURETY BONDS
Fidelity and Deposit Company of Maryland.
Capital and Surplus, $2.50 ),tldO .00, issues guar-
antee bonds to employes in positions of trust.
Court Bonds, Federal Officers'. City, County
and State Officials' Bonds issued promptly.
Agents in all principal towns throughout
the State of Oregon.
FRANK L. GILBERT,
Gen'l Agent,
SAN FRANCISCO.
iW. R. MACKENZIE,
State Agent,
208 Worcester Block,
PORTLAND, OR.
Telephone Main
SCIENTIFIC MASSEUR J J-
cAcute and Chronic Rheumatic Affections,
Nervous Diseases and Obesity successfully treat-
ed by Electricity, Massage, Dry Hot Air, and
Vapor 'Baths. N. F. MELEEN, M G.
office, Black 2857. Office. 318-319 Marquam Bldg.
Residence, Black 691.
W. A. Knight.
W. M. Knight.
KNIGHT SHOE CO.
Successors to Knight & Eder.
sole agents
SOROSIS for Women.
BLACK CAT for Men.
$3.50.
«92 Washington St.
Opp« site Perkins Hotel,
S~— Portland, Or.
the j. K. Jill co.
BOOKSELLERS and STATIONERS
Third and Alder Sts.
Portland, Ore.
ONi-
v • the 1
O. _ ^erchaiidi^i
A s«ore Mi'sr at
^LEMS
iwheen, now best to advertise,
be or it cannot prosper.
IT H»'JS BEEN F< ^D
T M magazine a." VTtisin
lagaz
to the outlay.
g pays best in proportion^
MORAL ! ,
Advertise in ThE'^acific Monthly 20,000 readers
every month, an before the family thirty days.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The I cine Monthly
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY-ADVERTISING SECTION.
, >♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦«
t Northwest School Furniture Co.
291 Yamhill St., Portland, Oregon.
X
MANUFACTURERS «F
"TRIUMPH AUTOMATIC" SCHOOL DESK
School officers cannot afford to experiment wi h
public funds. The "Triumph Automatic" is no
experiment; over a million Triumph desks in use.
HYLOPLATE BLACKBOARDS.
Write for samples and special circulars and catalogues.
Globes, Charts, Maps, Window Shades, Flags, Bells, Teachers' Desks,
Settees and Chairs.
♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»»»♦»»»♦♦»+♦
DID YOU EVER THINK
that a man is known by the clothes he wears? It is true —
HE IS. A man cannot afford then to dress shabbily, carelessly,
or in poor taste — not when perfect fitting garments and perfect
style and the best goods are at his command at a very reason-
able price. If you want to take advantage of this fact come to our
store and let us talk it over with you. We are sure to suit you.
177 fourth street |. D. BOYER, Merchant Tailor.
Y. M. C. A. Building.
Oregon Phone Colombia
Clay 931. Phone 307.
)81U$ flbrintinQ Co.
ESTABLISHED IN 1887,
m
PRINTERS
PUBLISHERS
STEREOTYPERS
c/lnything in the Printing line, from a card to a catalogue.
105 FIRST STREET, PORTLAND, OREGON.
m
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
i^««i«««««4ft^^«««ft<M^4«««*#ft4M4^*4*«<Mt^«4^^#>ftft*ftft6^6*****l^^^
JNDIAN LEGENDS, stories with a Western
flavor, or manuscript treating of any un-
usual or unique subject, are solicited by The
Pacific Monthly. If you know of anything
unusual that you think the public would be
interested in, write us about it.
Address
The Pacific Monthly,
Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
A. B. Steinbach & Co.
Largest Clothiers in the Northwest
Removed to Corner Fourth and Morrison Sts.
Portland, Ore.
h* ♦♦♦•
THE FILE
That Saves
60 Per Cent.
An entirely new process of filing safely
every paper in an office ■£ j* <£ S
We will take your old Filing Case of
other makes in exchange ^ jt ^ ,?t
The Kilham Stationery Co.
267 MORRISON ST., PORTLAND, OR.
MENTION THE PACIFIC MONTHLY
+■+.»♦♦■♦-♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦ ♦ ♦ t ♦ ♦ ♦♦♦>♦♦♦
******************************
K
* H H WRIGHT sheet music *
4b II. II. WI\IVJIN at HALF PRICE *
.2 General Musical Merchandise ft
Sole Agent for
J? The Celebrated "REGAL" Guitars and Mandolins 9
«
*
4b "REGINA" Music Boxes and "Gramophones." r>
*
cA Good stock of records W
to select from. ft
J 335 Washington St., Cor. Seventh J
4b *
W.C. Noon Bag Co. |
INCORPORATED 1893.
Manufacturers and Importers of
Bags, Twines, Tents and Awnings, +
Flags and Mining Hose. t
BAG PRINTING I
A SPECIALTY. +.
32-34 First St. North and 210-212-214-216 Couch St. t
Portland, Oregon. +
»*.■ ^.- >*.• ^- -^- "^.- ■**.- >*.- >h.- >*• >*• "V- ^^^ ^^-V-V-^-^ -^ -^ -^ -^ -^ -^ -^ -^ -^
When in Need **
Or WALL PAPER, ROOM MOULD-
INGS, PAINTS, OILS, VARNISH ES,
ETC, GET OUR PRICES. WE
HAVE ONLY THE BEST IN OUR
LINE.
Pure Lead Pure Linseed Oil Pure Colors
#
C. H. /WAREHOUSE & CO.
305 ALDER ST., Opp. Meier & Frank's \
Tki. Red. 5.1. mention the pacific monthly \
When dea'.ii.g with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthlj.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
A Word with Eastern Advertisers
The 'Pacific §h(prth<a)est is one of the best fields in the United States for judicious
advertising. The country is rich and prosperous, crops neloer fail, and the popula-
tion is steadily increasing, dtoing to the steady influx from less favored regions.
Unquestionably a desirable field to reach.
THE FIELD IN WHITE IS THE FIEL» OF THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
The Pacific Monthly
Coders this field exclusively. Others may dabble in it. The Pacific cMonthly covres it.
cAs for circulation, the Pacific cMonthly is one of the few magazines <h>est of the Miss-
issippi that guarantees circulation. Our s=worn statement for Ayer & Son's cHe<wspaper
cAnnual is as follows :
Average per month, during the last eight months
Highest single issue
lowest single issue
5435 copies.
6500 copies.
5000 copies.
Our rates are unusually low. It will pay any advertiser wishing to reach this field
and the entire Pacific Coast at one and the same time, to drop us a
postal. Let us tell you more about it. We can make
it worth your while. Address
THE "PACIFIC ^MONTHLY,
SMACLEAY BUILDING,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHOHMMMMM ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
2 Overland Trains Daily 2 f^j^.
-THE
YELLOWSTONE PARK \ DINING CAR LINE. I
...When going to the... ♦
BUFFALO HUMP MINING COUNTRY, t
™tehE NORTHERN PACIFIC, ggg* |
Direct service to the GOLD FIELDS of British Columbia,
via SPOKANE, WASH.
Tickets sold to all points
in the United States and Canada.
Telephone Main 244.
A. D. CHARLTON,
Assistant General Passenger Agent,
255 Morrison St., Cor. Third,
Portland, Oregon.
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦MM
THE MAGNIFICENT SCENERY
OF
COLUMBIA RIVER
The most beautiful in the world, can best be seen
from the steamers "DAISES CITY" and
"REGULATOR" of the
44
REGULATOR LINE
DO NOT MISS THIS.
Vt
Steamers leave Portland, Oak St. Dock, 7 a. m., daily,
except Sunday, for The Dalles, Cascade Locks, Hood
River and way landings.
C. G. THAYER, Act.,
Oak St. Dock, Portland.
(Phone 914.)
W. C. ALLAWAY,
Gen. Agt ,
The Dalles, Or.
Ore— PHONES 734— Col
Model Laundry Company
308 MADISON STREET,
Between Fifth and Sixth
RIO GRANDE WESTERN RAILWAY
THE ONLY LINE
-OFFERING-
TWO Routes from Portland.
THREE Routes through Colorado.
FOUR Routes east thereof.
The Grandest Mountain Scenery in America
by daylight.
Personally conducted tourist excursions.
through to the east wi*hout change of cars..
Free Reclining Chair Cars in all trains.
New and Elegant Equipment.
Perfect Dining Car Service
STOPOVER IN UTAH OR COLORADO
GRANTED ON ALL CLASSES OP TICKETS^
No trouble to answer questions.
M. J. ROCHE, J. D. MANSFIELD.
D/IDfT A \TT\ /inr/,/ixr I Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
"OKI LAND, OREGON. \ 353 Washington St., Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Columbia River & Puget Sound Navigation Co.
Portland and Astoria
'Steamers Telephone or Bailey Gatzert leave foot Alder
Street dally (except Sunday), 7 A. M.
Leave Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
U. B. SCOTT, President
Hi River R. R. ii
WINTER SCHEDULE-Daily
Train No. 33 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 12:15 p. m.
Train No. 34 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at n:ie p. m.
Return
Train No. 31 leaves Astoria at 8.00 a. m., arrives in
Portland at 13:15 p. m.
Train No. 83 leaves Astoria at 6:30 p. m. and arrives
in Portland at 10:35 p. m.
Train No. aa runs through to Seaside, leaving Seaside
oa the return at 3:50 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia River R. R. Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:00 p. m., arriving at
Astoria at 13:15 P- m and 11:10 p. m. Leaving for sea-
side at 13:20 p. m.
GO EAST VIA
Oregon Short Line Railroad
THE DIRKCT ROUTE TO
Montana, Utah, Colorado
and all Eastern and Southern Points.
Affording choice of two routes, via the UNION
PACIFIC Fast Mail Line or the RIO
GRANDE Scenic Lines through Colorado.
LOOK AT THE TIME
14 DAYS TO SALT LAKE
24 DAYS TO DENVER
34 DAYS TO CHICAGO
44 DAYS TO NEW YORK
Free Reclining Chair Cars, Upholstered Tour-
ist Sleeping Cars, and Pullman Palace Sleep-
ers operated on all trains.
For further information, apply to
O. TERRY, W. E. COMAN,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
124 Third St., Portland, Or.
OST ) * SOUTHERN
v'a PACIFIC
* COMPANY
AND.
LEAVE Depot, Fifth and I Sts. ARRIVE
* 7'0op. m.
* 8 30 a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
% 7 30 a. m.
I 450p.m.
f OVERLAND EX-1
PRESS, for Salem,
Roseburg, Ashland,
Sacramento, Ogden, ,
San Francisco, Mo- (
jave, Los Angeles, El j
Paso, New Orleans j
(.and the East. J
Roseburg Passenger. . . .
f Via Woodburn for")
I Mt. Angel, Silverton,
-J West Scio, Browns- >
I ville, Springfield I
tand Natron. J
Corvallis Passenger
Indepe dence Pass'ng'r
* 430 p.m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
t 550 p.m.
t 8 25 a. m.
* Daily, t Daily except Sunday.
Direct connection at San Franci co with Occi-
dental and Oriental and Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND CHINA. Sailing dates
on application.
Rates and tickets to eastern points and Eu-
TOpe, also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA, can be obtained from J. B.
KIRKLAND, Ticket Agent, 134 Third St.
Yamhill Division : — Passenger Depot foot of
Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a. m.;
12:30, 1:55, 3:25, 5:15, 6:25, 8:05, 11:30 p. m., and 9:00
a. m. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland
daily at 6:35*, 8:3o, 10:50* a. m; 1:35, 3:15, 4:30, 6:20,
7:40, 9:15 p. m.; 12:40 a. m. daily except Monday
and 10:05 a. m. o Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, exeept Sunday, at
4:30 p. m. Arrive at Portland at 9:30 a. m.
Leave for Airlie Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays at 8:35 a. m. Arrive at Portland Tues^
<iays, Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
* Except Sunday.
«. KOEHLER. C. H. MARKHAM,
Manager. (Jen. F. & P. Agt.
When dealing with our advertisers,
0. R. & N.
Depart
Past Mail
8:00 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
2:10 p. m.
d:oo p. m.
8:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
Saturday
10:00 p. m.
TIME SCHEDULES
FROM PORTLAND.
Salt Lake, Denver, Ft.
Worth, Omaha, Kan- Fast Mail
sas City, St. Louis, 6:45 p.
Chicago and East.
Walla Wall', Spokane,
Minneapolis, St. Paul,
Duluth, Milwaukee,
Chicago and East.
Ocean Steamships.
All sailing dates subject
to change.
For San Francisco —
Sail every five days.
Columbia River
St amem.
To Astoria and Way
Landings.
6:00 a. m
Ex. Sunday
7:00 a. m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat,
6:00 a. m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Willamette Rivr.
Oregon City, Newberg, 4:3°, P- ™.
Salem & Way Landings Ex. Sunday
Spokane
Flyer
8:30 a. m.
4:00 p.
4:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
Willamette and
Yamhill Rir •• *.
Oregon City, Dayton
and Way Landings.
Willamette River.
Portland to Corvallis
and Way Landings.
Snake. River.
Lv. Riparia
1:45 a. m.
Ex^Sat I RiParia to Lewiston.
3:30 p. m.
Mon. Wed.
and Fri.
4:30 p: m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Lv. Lewis-
ton 5:45
a. m. daily
Ex. Friday
V. A. SCHILLING. W. H. HURLBURT,
City Ticket Agt., Gen'l. Pass. Agt,
354 Washington St., Portland. Ore.
kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
*#♦**#«**««*****#**#*********;!
The Right Road <£
at
<£
i
Is the Great Rock Island
Route. J- J- J> J>
Dining car service the
best, elegant equipment,
and fast service J> J> J>
For further information
address
| A. E. COOPER, General Agent,
* Pass. Dept.
f246 Washington Street, |J
$
31 PORTLAND, jft OREGON, t
i
J*W
»%*'#'#»***'<#«
Luxurious I ravel
THE "North-Western Limited" trains,
electric lighted throughout, both inside
and out, and steam heated, are, with-
out exception, the finest trains in the world.
They embody the latest, newest and best
ideas for comfort, convenience and luxury
ever offered the traveling public, and al-
together are the most complete and splen-
did production of the Car Builders' art.
THESE SPLENDID TRAINS
CONNECT WITH
The Great Northern
The Northern Pacific and
The Canadian Pacific
AT ST. P*UL, FOR
CHICAGO and the EAST.
No extra charge for the*e superior accommo-
dations and all clashes ot tickets a e available for
passage on the famous" North-western Limited.''
All tains on this line are protected by the Inter-
locking Block system.
W. H. Mtad,
GEN'L AGENT,
The North-Western Line.
PORTLAND, OR.
Ill Competition
,*«CTO«^'
A* regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and'
other Eastern Cities.
The Favorite Transcontinental l^oute Between
the Northwest and all Points East
Choice of Two Routes Through the FAMOUS
^^ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY
And Pour Routes East of Pueblo and Denver
All Passengers granted a day stop-over in
the Mormon Capitol or anywhere between
Ogden and Denver. Personally conducted
Tourist Excursions three days a week to
OMAHA, KANSAS CITY, ST. LOUIS,
CHICAGO and the EAST.
For Tickets and any Information regarding Rates,
Routes, etc., or for Descriptive Advertising Matter,
call on Agents of Oregon Railway & Navigation
Co. Oregon Short Line or Southern Pacific
Companies.
S. K. HOOPER, R. C. NICHOL,
Gen. Pass & Ticket AgU Gen. Agt., 351 Wash M
DENVER, COL. PORTLAND, OKI.
JUST THINK!
3>4 days with no change to Chicago
4,j^ days and one change to New York.
THEN AGAIN:
Trains are Illuminated by Plntsch Gas,
run Into Union Depots, and Baggage
Is checked through to Destlnati n.
Lowest Rates.
For Information pertaining to the Union Pacific.
call on or address
J. H. LOTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. Agent
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
,c.i d-.-ali.ik wiui our auvert.sers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
resent Conditions in the Yukon Gold ield:
■
By A. A. LINDSLEY.
the Pacific
MQNTHIY
Volume 111
NOVEMBER
1899
Number t
TEN CENTS A COPY J- J- J- * jt ONE DOLLAR A YEAR
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUBLISHING COMPANY
PUBLISHERS Jk jt j, jk jt jt jt j. PORTLAND, OREGON
J'HE CHRISTMAS number of 7he "Pacific monthly vjill be
of unusual interest, cA ne<w and attractive cover design
is being prepared, and a heavy enameled-book cover paper voill
be used. The contents <zvill be interesting and varied. The
nevj department, '* The Home," will contain Dr. WhitakerTs
"Some Suggestions on Domestic Economy "; Captain Harry L.
Wells voill have a story about "The Oregon Trail"; there
vjill be a sketch by Ella Higginson, several short stories, "A
Twentieth Century Problem," a study in social conditions, and
short, crisp treatments of questions of the day. In addition to
these, other articles by prominent local and Coast voriters are
being prepared for this number.
New Department, "THE HOME," begins in this number.
AVERY & CO.
FURNITURE AND UPHOLSTERY HARDWARE.
LOGGERS* AND LUMBERMEN'S SUPPLIES.
SPORTING AND BLASTING POWDER.
FISHING TACKLE.
HARDWARE
TOOLS, CUTLERY.
MCCAFFREY'S CELEBRATED FILES
AND HORSE RASPS.
82 Third St., near Oak, Portland, Oregon.
GOODYEAR RUBBER COMPANY.
We carry in stock a complete assortment of RUBBER GOODS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
ANY STYLE. ANY SIZE. ANY QUANTITY.
MACKINTOSHES
Crack Proofs*
■■■.Snag Proof
RUBBER
BOOTS
Druggists'
Rubber
Goods
j*j*j*
jut*
BOOTS AND SHOES
"GOLD SEAL"
BELTING
PACKING
AND HOSE
Rubber
and OH
Clothing
R. H. PEASE. Vice-President and Manager,
73 and 75 FIRST STREET, j* PORTLAND, OREGON.
WISDOM'S ROBERTINE
Is a hygienic preparation for the skin. It BEAUTIFIES
and PRESERVES the COMPLEXION.
It removes Blotches, Pimples, Tan, Sunburn, Freckles,
and all other Blemishes, and MAKES A BEAUTIFUL
COMPLEXION.
It also makes Pearly Teeth, a Sweet Stomach and a
Pure Breath.
BOUND COPIES OF VOL. I, IN LINEN, $1.00.
The Pacific Monthly.
(The entire contents of this Magazine are covered by the general copyright, and articles must not be reprinted
without special permission.)
CONTENTS FOR NOVEMBER, 1899.
The Boy with the Hoe frontispiece
Present Conditions in the Yukon Gold Fields <A. <A. Lindsley 3
To a Chrysanthemum (Poem) Ella. Josephine Kraal 5
The Fish's Eye (Short Story) Herbert V. Terry 6
To a Marie van Houtle (Poem) Mary S. Guyles 9
The Boy with the Hoe (Poem) Marion Patton 10
Wyeth's Expeditions to Oregon (Concluding Paper) F. G. Young //
Agnes (Poem) Elizabeth M. Leland 13
Maya, the Medicine Girl (Chapter II) Sam L. Simpson 14
Poems of the Pacific Coast — Violets Belle W. Cooke 18
Where Lies the Blame ? George Melvin 19
When Two Souls Meet (Poem) Cora ). Snyder 20
The Indian " Arabian Nights" H. S. Lyman. 21
An Incident (Short Story) Lischen M. Miller 24
DEPARTMENTS:
OUR POINT OF VIEW (Editorial) 28
THE MONTH 29
In Politics, Science, Literature, Art, Education and Religious
Thought, with Leading Events.
QUESTIONS OF THE DAY—
Annexation and Expansion W. C. Crews 34
Past (Poem) Florence May Wright 36
MEN AND WOMEN—
An Answer to "What Are We Here For?" cA. S. Monroe 35
The Power of a Word 35
Love's Questioning ( Poem) Lischen M. Miller 36
THE IDLER 37
A Day of Hope (Poem) Florence May Wright 37
THE HOME (New Department)—
Housekeeping and Homekeeping 38
System 38
The Influence of Environment 39
BOOKS 40
Phaon (Poem) Oraarv 41
THE FINANCIAL WORLD 42
CHESS 44
DRIFT 46
Terras: — $1.00 a year in advance; 10 cents a copy. Subscribers should remit to us in P. O. or express
money-orders, or in bank checks, dratts, or registered letters.
Agents for The Pacific Monthly are wanted in every locality, and the publishers offer unusual in-
ducements to first-class agents. Write for our terms.
Manuscript sent to The Pacific Monthly will not be returned after publication unless definite in-
structions to that effect with stamps accompany letters enclosing manuscript.
Address all correspondence, of whatever nature, to
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. CO.,
Chamber of Commerce, PORTLAND, OREGON.
Copyrighted 1899 by William Bittle Wells.
Entered at the Postoffice at Portland, Oregon, as second-class matter.
The publishers of The Pacific Monthly will esteem it a favor if readers of the Magazine will kindly
mention The Pacific Monthly when dealing with our advertisers.
PRESS OF THE ELLIS PRINTING CO., 105 FIRST ST , PORTLAND, ORE.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
Use-
THE TELEPHONE INDEX
cA time saber for business men, and the only Index pub-
lished giving both Companies numbers,
PRICE, $2.00 PER YEAR.
For Advertising Space or Subscription, address
G. H. AYDELOTTE, telephones
No. 5 Raleigh Bldg., Portland, Ore.
Oregon Main 816.
Columbia 238.
Perfect
j CAN BE OBTAINED ONLY
...Through a Complete...
\ MctdlliC CirCUit For cach subscriber, and
Telephone i No Party Lines-
Service
THE COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY
Alone has these Advantages*
i OFFICES, 606-607 Oregonian Building,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" Trie Policy Holders' Company "
THE NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
1st A Cash Surrender Yalne. 2d A Loan equal in amount to the Cash Value,
3d Extended Insurance for the Foil amount of Policy, without the request of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-up Policy
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
727, 728 & 729 Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
BALL-Bearing Type-Bar Joints and Fixed
Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unimpair-
able Alignment, Lightest Key Action. The
Most Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work.
Carriage locks at end of line, protecting the
writing. Compact Shift Keyboard. Numer-
ous Handy Features. Address for full par-
ticulars,
United Typewriter k Supplies Co.
No. 232 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindlv mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PA CIFIC MON THL Y—A D VER TISINV SE< :TJON. i ii
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
Transact a General Banking Business..,
Special Attention Given to
Collections
IPCMRTI^VIVI}, OREGON
The Californian Combination
A New Sanitary Suit for Baby in Short Clothes
A unique pattern for waist and drawers in one piece with stocking supporter attachment. It fur-
nishes complete protection to the body in flannel, dispenses with bands, petticoats and numerous pins and
buttons.
For Bathing and Gymnasium Costume Unexcelled
For full description see Trained Motherhood, this number.
Pattern with full directions will be mailed upon receipt of 25 cents. Sizes one and two-year old. The
garments in shrunk flannel, natural and white, will be sent upon receipt of $1.00. Apply for patterns, cir-
culars and sample garments to Mrs. H. OTIS BRUIN, Stanford University, California.
t£8S»S»3»S»?*
Northwestern Mutual Life
OF MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Grants more Insurance for the Same Cost or the Same Insurance
at Lower Cost than any other Company.
Largest Purely American Company.
Official Reports of State Insurance Departments Represent it to be the
Strongest and Best
For Terms, Address
S. T. L0CKW00D & SON, General Agents,
Concord Building, Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertiscrt, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
iv THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVEBTISINQ SECTION.
MORTGAGE LOANS
On Improved
Portland City Property
In sums from $500 to $500,000 at lowest current interest rate*.
npf-f-lp^ Abstracted and Insured against
1 I LIC^ Defect or Loss.
TrtlStS Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND TRUST CO.
FIND US IN OUR NEW OFFICES,
FOURTH STREET ENTRANCE
wm. m. ladd, president. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING,
J. THORBURN ROSS, MANAGER.
T. T. BURKHART, ASST. SECRETARY. PORTLAND, ORE.
p H PICKPPING ) OREGON,
LE : NEERGAARD j MANAGERS IDAHO, PORTLAND, OREGON .
' MONTANA,
♦♦.THE ...
MUTUAL BENEFIT
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
AMZI DODD, President, NEWARK, N. J.
Asskts (Market Values) January i, 1899, . . . $67,096,602.40
Liabilities, N. J. and N. Y. Standard, .... 61,702,412.69
SUHPLUS, 5,394,189.71
POLICIES ABSOLUTELY NONFORFEITABLE
AFTER SECOND YEAR.
INT CASE OF LAPSE the Insurance is CONTINUED IN FORCE as long as the value
of the Policy will pay for; or, if preferred, a Cash or Paid-up Policy Value is allowed.
After the second year, Policies are INCONTESTABLE, and all restrictions as to resi-
dence, travel or occupation are removed.
The Company agrees in the Policy to Loan up to the Cash Surrender Value when a
satisfactory assignment of the Policy is made as collateral security.
LOSSES paid immediately upon completion and approval of proofs.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly
The Pacific Monthly.
"Vol. in:
NOVEMBER, 1899,
9{p. t,
Present Conditions in the Yukon Gold Fields.
•By cA. cA. LINDSLEY.
WHEN one realizes that the won-
derful deposits of gold in the
frigid and inhospitable region of
the Klondike are covered with many feet
of frozen muck and earth awd gravel, it
is a never-ending cause of surprise that
they should ever have been discovered,
and is so even to him who has person-
ally known the ferment produced in hu-
manity by the sacri auri fames.
In the richer creek claims the depth to
bedrock averages less than thirty feet, but
shafts have been sunk through more
than one hundred feet of earth frozen
to that great depth. Inasmuch as in the
coldest of modern winters the ground
freezes for no more than six feet, and
since throughout the Yukon watershed
generally the frost reaches no greater
depth than this, the only reasonable ex-
planation of conditions as they exist on
the Klondike and in other limited areas
of the Yukon basin is that the ground
has remained frozen ever since the gla-
cial age in which the gold was deposit-
ed where it is now found.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THAWING.
To reach pay gravel and the still
richer bedrock the ground must all be
thawed. In the past this has been done
by the direct application of fires built
upon (or in the drifts, against) the fro-
zen muck or soil or gravel, a slow and
tedious process expensive of labor and
wasteful of fuel. In winter the danger
of asphyxiation entails additional cost of
sinking an air shaft if the work is rushed,
and in summer the added risk of car-
bonic acid gas so intensifies the dan-
ger that there has been almost no sum-
mer work except where the shallow
depth to bedrock permits of summer
sluicing, a condition seldom existent in
creek claims, but found in many "bench"
claims.
Many and costly experiments have
been conducted looking to the sav-
ing of labor and fuel, and now these
efforts have been crowned with success
mrough the application of steam con-
ducted by pipes from boilers on the sur-
face down the shafts along the drifts,
and allowed to escape through steel
points driven several feet into the fro-
zen earth. The new process has worked
a complete revolution in many respects.
Less labor is required at one dollar or
more per hour. There is a great saving
in fuel, which is a very important con-
sideration in a sparsely settled region in
some parts of which wood already costs
$30 per cord.
One of the greatest gains is in the
adaptability of the new process to sum-
mer work. It is then that men labor
more advantageously through twenty-
four hours of arctic daylight, returns are
immediate, and ten per centum or more
is saved by depositing pay dirt directly
in the sluice boxes, as against rehand-
ling the winter's dumps the following
spring. On many claims there will also
be a great gain by use of steam power
for hoisting, sawing and pumping.
Another distinct gain to the mining in-
terests of the Klondike through the use
of steam is found in the fact that the
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
greatly reduced cost of operation will
enable owners to work many claims at
a profit which must otherwise have re-
mained unworked. Many steam plants
are already at work, and almost all the
available spare boilers on the Pacific
coast (with some that are not suitable)
have started for Dawson, but many will
not reach their destination until navi-
gation opens in 1900.
SUBSEQUENT METHODS— OWNERSHIP OF CLAIMS.
The primitive method of thawing by
fire has had its day; that of steam has
now come, and by it individual owners
will continue to operate for years with
satisfactory results. Then the ground,
reverting to the Crown, will be turned
over to concessionaries, who by hy-
draulic process will extract at least as
much of the precious metal as has pre-
viously been secured by individual ef-
fort.
Under the mining laws and regula-
tions of Yukon territory, individuals
cannot acquire title to placer mines, but
receive annual grants which are renewed
as long as the requirements are com-
plied with as to licenses, royalty, and
work performed. Creek claims are lim-
ited to five hundred feet in length, and
although individuals and corporations
may acquire by purchase as many as
they pay for, questions of water rights
and dumping ground make it almost im-
possible to operate on the large scale
demanded for successful hydraulic work
until the time comes when, private rights
having expired, concessions of miles in
length may be handled as single propo-
sitions. Then will all the valleys and
hillsides be scoured clean to bedrock,
2nd the gold secured which has escaped
tlie individual because of inefficient fa-
cilities, cost of handling waste, accidents
and the obstructive forces of nature gen-
erally and particularly. None can, there-
fore, predict the length of life of the
Dawson mining district (as it is now offi-
cially designated), but it is safe to proph-
ecy, in view of the wonderfully rich de-
posits and for the reasons already out-
lined, that it will continue for a great
many years to furnish a very considera-
ble portion of the world's supply of gold.
CAPE NOME.
The Klondike episode has so stimu-
lated ;hc search for gold in Alaska that
discoveries already made promise to ri-
val the Klondike in extent and total re-
turns, if not in richness. Of the many
gold-t earing fields the first that can pose
successfully as a rival to the Klondike
is Cape Nome, which, although general-
ly regarded down to as late a date as
August of this year as having occasioned
an unwarranted excitement, has already
produced gold running into the millions.
Tne gold is secured with far less ef-
fort than on the Klondike, the ground
rtot being frozen to unknown depths,
nor is bedrock so far below the eager
search of the prospector. Though their
great value has been established, but lit-
tle work has yet been done on the gold-
bearing creeks of the new district, the
time since discovery having been too
brief; but on many miles of ocean
beach hundreds of miners with rockers
each limited to a strip sixty feet in width,
close down to the heavy surf, have saved
from $10 to $100 of the precious dust
during each working day of the later
summer of 1899. As on other gold
beaches, the dust found in the sand is
very fine, but this beach is unique in
having a cement bedrock bearing a thin
stratum which carries coarse gold.
Except in regard to the mining laws
and. regulations, conditions have thus
far been more trying than on the Klon-
dike, owing to the worse climate, the
Jack of all timber except driftwood, and
the lack of the creature comforts that
will come later. But lumber, fuel and
supplies are easily accessible from the
lower coast, and next season will witness
great activity at Cape Nome. As far as
is kn«wn all the rick creek claims are
appropriated, and the beach diggings
will not last forever, from which it would
appear that men should not go there un-
less to trade or work for wages. But
the limits of the district do not seem to
be yet defined, and the hope of new dis-
coveries there or elswhere in Alaska
promise to occasion a rush to the dis-
trict next spring of many thousands who
are prejudiced against prospecting on
Canadian soil by mining experiences in
PRESENT CONDITIONS IN THE YUKON GOLD FIELDS.
the Yukon and Atlin districts.
AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES.
Although a few hardy vegetables can
be raised on the Yukon, it is preposter-
ous to talk seriously of any agricultural
development of the region, nor will it
ever come to the front as a stock-raising
country until some genius shall domes-
ticate the caribou or evolve a profit
from rearing the hybrid malemoot.
Whatever settlements may become per-
manent on the Yukon will be resultant
upon the development of other than ag-
ricultural resources, some of which will
yet astonish the world.
DAWSON.
Dawson itself has seen great improve-
ments in many respects within a twelve-
month. The water front is now used for
legitimate purposes, for wharves and
warehouses. Better buildings have re-
placed those destroyed by fires of last
winter, and sanitary regulations are so
well enforced that it is really a healthy
city. Law and order have always been
enforced by the Northwest Mounted Po-
lice in a manner to win the hearty admi-
ration of the most critical of foreigners.
The population of the district has been
reduced to one-half of that of 1898 by
the exodus of prospectors to the Amer-
ican side of the line and of the quitters
who have not yet learned why they took
the tiresome northern journey. As a
direct result, wages have materially ad-
vanced. Provisions are plentiful at
reasonable prices.
THE PROSPECTS.
For the quarter ending September 13,
1899, the purchases of gold by the Unit-
ed States assay office at Seattle exceeded
eight and one-quarter millions of gold,
which breaks the record. Practically all
of this came from the Klondike and
from Alaska, the latter a vast region the
exploitation of whose mineral resources
has hardly begun. Rich deposits of pla-
cer gold have been found widely distrib-
uted, nor is it unreasonable to expect
that the ceaseless energy of the pros-
pector will yet lay bare many others.
The gold-bearing quartz veins already
located are almost innumerable, on one
of which 840 stamps are crushing ore
with a never-ceasing iteration. The
swift advance of gold production of this
northern region indicates that it may
soon lead the world in its output. Its
other resources as yet undeveloped, but
partly known to the explorer, and prac-
tically unknown to the world, offer won-
derful promise to commercial enterprise,
and bid fair to furnish for a century to
come the most profitable market of all
that are naturally tributary to the Pacific
Coast.
To a Chrysanthemum.
With. rain-clouds scudding o'er the skies,
When blooming-time with summer dies;
When winter's chill fore-running breeze
Has snatched their robes from shiv'ring trees;
When earth a brooding silence keeps,
Like mother when her baby sleeps;
With bird-songs hushed in Nature's calm,
Before tne deep Thanksgiving psalm, —
The heart were sad, the lips were dumb,
But for thy face, Chrysanthemum!
October's winds nor frosts offend,
For thou art no fair-weather friend.
Thou hardy, stalwart, high-born knight,
With shield of gold or plume of white!
EU.3. Josephine Kraal.
The Fish's Eye.
<Sy HERBERT V. 'PERRY.
THE rain had been pouring down for
hours. We had long since given
up trying to ride, and now it was
with the utmost difficulty that we could
even push our wheels before us as we
walked. Every few minutes we came to
a halt, and I turned my light on the doc-
tor's wheel, while he scraped off the
sticky, red clay from the sprocket and
forks; and when he had cleared it suffi-
ciently to allow the wheels to revolve, he
turned his light upon mine, while I per-
formed the same operation. It was as
dark as pitch, and as we proceeded the
road grew worse and worse, and the
rain came down in torrents.
"You are sure we are on the right
road?" queried the doctor, as we stopped
to puff a bit, after slipping and sliding
across a rocky ravine.
"'Oh, yes, there can be no doubt about
it, for old Pete told us to take the first
road to the. left, which, he said, would
lead us to the trail down to the river.
This shower will be over by morning,
and the fishing is always better after a
rain." said I encouragingly, but, to tell
the truth, in my own mind I was begin-
ning to have my doubts about the road.
These doubts grew into certainties
before we had gone much farther, for the
road was crossed here and there by fallen
trees, and low underbrush barred our
progress. At last, realizing that it was
useless to try to go any further, I
stopped, and had the mortification of
owning up to the doctor that I had led
him astray. He was better-natured about
it than I had hoped for, and, leaning our
mud-clogged wheels against a tree, we
sat down, dripping and dismal, on an old
log that lay across the road.
"Well Doctor," said I, taking a com-
forting puff at my pipe, "the question
is, What shall we do, turn back, go for-
ward, or camp?" I tried to say "or
camp" as cheerfully as possible, for, pri-
vately, I thought that that was the only
thing we could do; but what a camp!
The rain was pouring down in a steady,
determined manner, as though with the
fixed intention of driving us back, and
the trees dripped tearfully about us. To
make a fire was out of the question, for
everything was literally soaked.
The doctor remained silent for some
time, and then he said slowly: "If we
return to the main road we will be no
better off than we are now, and if this
is not the road we were directed to fol-
low, it will lead us to the river anyway,
so that it won't matter much; and as I
do not feel inclined to sit here till I am
chilled through, I say, let's go ahead."
I had made up my mind to abide by
the doctor's decision, so, without a word,
I knocked the ashes out of my pipe, put
it in my pocket, lifted my wheel over the
log, and went slipping and sliding on as
before.
Thicker and thicker the brush, and
dimmer and dimmer the road. At last,
when almost worn out with hauling our-
selves over logs, I discovered a narrow
path leading off to the right of us, and
as the path was well-worn and free from
brush, we came to the wise conclusion
that it must lead somewhere, and
straightway turned aside to follow it.
We had not gone far before we caught
the sound of the river, roaring and rush-
ing, below us; thus encouraged, we
quickened our pace, now turning to the
right and now to the left, until sud-
denly we both stopped and uttered an
exclamation of delight. Far down
through the dismal, dripping trees a lit-
tle light twinkled cheerfully.
We hurried on, onr wheels bumping
over the sticks and stones, and the pedals
occasionally clipping us on the shins as
we dragged them through the tangled
vines that now and then obstructed our
way. At last we reached the light, which
THE FISH'S EYE.
we found to be the rays of a lamp strag-
gling through the small, half-curtained,
solitary window of a rude cabin.
Leaning our wheels against the wall,
we stood on the steps and knocked
loudly. After waiting for some time and
receiving no response, we again knocked
somewhat louder than before, and then
remained silent, listening.
We could now hear some one moving
about in the cabin, and we called out to
know if we could have shelter for the
night. We received no response, but
the rustling about continued, and after
waiting patiently for some time we were
at last rewarded by the sound of clank-
ing chains and bolts, and finally the door
opened and a quick, snappy voice said
sharply: "Come in, come in; don't keep
the door open so long."
We did not wait for a second invita-
tion, but stepped inside, and walked up
to the fire, which was burning brightly
in a rude fireplace at the end of the
cabin, while the person that admitted us
bolted and barred the door again, and
then silently walked over and sat down
in the corner, where the shadow partially
concealed him from us.
I confess that I began to feel a little
queer, and I think the doctor did too,
for he edged the box, upon which he was
sitting, around closer to me; and when
the figure in the corner picked up an
axe and began toying with it, I think we
both wished that we were out in the
cold, pelting rain again. But there was
no help for it. We were in and the door
was fastened, so we must make the best
of it.
"Would you mind opening the door
again, so that we might bring our wheels
in out of the rain?" asked the doctor.
"Thank your stars that you are in,"
snapped the figure, again picking up the
axe which he had dropped at the first
sound of the doctor's voice.
"We do thank our stars and you also,"
said the doctor, persuasively, "but our
provisions are strapped to our wheels,
and if they remain out all night in this
drenching rain, we will have to further
encroach upon your hospitality by
breakfasting with you."
"Breakfast or no breakfast," interrupt-
ed the figure, "I've already taken a great
risk by opening that door to let you in,
and I'm not going to open it again to let
you out. You need not be afraid of me
or the axe. I won't harm a hair of your
heads, but I tell you for the last time,
I won't open that door again tonight, so
you might as well roll yourselves up be-
fore the fire and go to sleep."
It is needless to say that neither of us
were inclined to "roll up and go to
sleep," so there we sat blinking at each
other and casting furtive glances at our
host. He paid no further attention to
us, and made no movement, except now
and then to throw more fuel on the fire,
which he kept blazing brightly. We re-
mained silent, neither of us having any-
thing particularly interesting to talk
about; in fact, I think we both felt
pretty dismal. The warm fire, however,
soon dried our clothes, and, worn out
as we were by our recent exertions, we
began to nod and doze, now and then
rousing up, trying to look wise and wide
awake. But nature asserted her rights,
and we were both soon fast asleep. How
long we slept I do not know, but we
were rudely awakened by a terrrible
racket, and, half frightened out of our
wits, we jumped to our feet.
Rushing about the cabin, his long
arms brandishing the axe, cutting and
hacking at the scant, rough furniture,
and striking wickedly at the wall, was
our strange host. The doctor grabbed
the box and I seized the stout three-
legged stool upon which I had been sit-
ting. With firmly set lips and bated
breath we silently waituu the attack
which we thought was inevitable, and a
great sigh of relief escaped us when, ap-
parently worn out with his frenzy, the
madman dropped his axe and sank to
the floor exhausted.
Glancing over to where we stood, he
said faintly: "Sit down, boys, sit down.
I told you that I would'nt hurt you. I
had to chase it out, curse it! I knew it
would get in. Keep the fire burning,
boys, keep the fire blazing; it don't like
the light."
Here he fell to muttering, so low that
we could not make out what he was say-
ing, but all the while piling dry fuel on
the fire, till every corner in the cabin
was lighted up with its ruddy glow. Our
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
nerves were pretty well shaken up, and
while I was thinking the doctor acted.
Reaching into his inside coat pocket, he
brought out a bottle. We each took a
good long pull at it and the doctor was
just going to replace it, when, with the
first sign of interest displayed in our ac-
tions, our host motioned for the bottle.
Glad to get into the good graces of so
strange a companion, he readily handed
it over to him; then we looked at each
other with a sickly grin as we saw him
throw back his head, open his capacious
mouth and heard the soft gurgle-gurgle
as the amber liquid flowed downward.
With a smack of satisfaction he wiped
his lips with the back of his hands and
corked and returned the half empty
flask. Feeling somewhat easier now, we
again seated ourselves before the fire,
drew forth our pipes, lighted them,
and puffed away in silence. The clouds
of smoke floated over our heads and per-
meated the cabin with their iragrance.
"If you boys don't mind, I'd like to
have a pipe of that," said our host, draw-
ing nearer to us. "It's a long time since
I have had a pipe of real tobacco, for
I've had to use mostly dried leaves that
I gather on the mountain side. After
I've had a fight with that thing my
nerves are all unstrung and a smoke
generally does me good."
He brought forth an old black pipe
and filled it, and then sat in silent sat-
isfaction for a long time, his features re-
laxing, and altogether assuming a dif-
ferent appearance than that previous to
his insane outburst. Finally he said in
a slow, confiding manner:
"Boys, what do you think of me?
Think I'm crazy, of course; everybody
does. But you see they don't know any-
thing about it; I used to tell them, but
they only laughed at me; but you seem
like good sensible chaps, and, besides,
you have seen it; you saw me drive it
out with the axe, so I'm going to tell you
all about it."
This was better than to have him sit
silent and . gloomy with the axe in his
hands, so we urged him to go on with
his story.
"You see, it happened so long ago
that I have forgotten the year, but no
matter, it all came about through my
love of fishing. I have fished all the
trout streams of the Northwest, but no-
where have I had better sport than in the
stream which flows below; and it was
here, not a stone's throw over the bluff,
that it happened. Season and after sea-
son I fished here, and always when a
certain great, boiling, seething pool was
reached, I met with a misfortune and
disappointment; no sooner would my
hook touch the water than — zip! — and
it was gone. Try as I would, I could not
capture that fish; all kinds of lines, all
kinds of hooks were used; all were
broken.
"Season after season passed with the
same result, until I began to worry and
brood over it night and day. One day,
after a new line had been broken and
half of it carried away, I left the river
swearing that I would return and never
leave till the day of doom if I did not
catch that fish. So worked up was I
that 1 never closed my eyes that night,
and at the break of day was at the pool.
My preparations were carefully made and
with set teeth and grim determination
not to fail, I cast in. No sooner had my
bait touched the water than he struck it,
and I was nearly pulled off my feet. To
my great joy I had him fast. Away he
went, lashing and leaping, now through
the seething, rushing waters, now lash-
ing the still, green water into a mass of
foam. But I held him. Up and down
the rocks I ran, now pulling him in and
now letting him have it, until I was
afraid that with all my precaution he
would take all my line, when I kv
he would snap it off like so much yarn;
but still I held him and shouted for joy.
"It seemed like hours had passed by
before he began to give up, but at last
he grew weary with his wild lashing and
plunging, and I was able to tow him
about at will ; and now I thought that it
would be safe to attempt to land him,
so I jumped over the boulders, intending
to bring him up in the shallow water,
but just as I was pulling him in my foot
slipped and I fell, striking my head as I
did so a terrrible blow on the rocks, and
with a half fearful look at the conquered
fish my senses left me.
"When I came to I was lying in the
shadow of a great boulder and my head
TO A SMARIE VAN HOUTLE.
"was throbbing as though it would burst.
I tried to rise, and as I did so, my eyes
fell upon the fish, which was safe by my
side. Then, closing my eyes, I fell back
with satisfaction. I will not tell you
what a monster it was; you would not
believe it if I did.
"For a long time I remained quiet,
when gradually a strange, disagreeable
feeling came over me. Half rising, the
glassy eye of the fish met my gaze and I
shivered from head to foot.
"I managed to crawl on the other side
•of it, but could not resis: looking back,
when, to my horror, I saw that the eye
was still upon me. Crawl where I would,
no matter which side of it, that eye fol-
lowed me about, nor could I keep from
turning to look at it.
"At last frenzy and terror gave me
strength, and I sprang to my feet. Jump-
ing up and down on that cursed thing, I
gouged out the frightful eye and threw
it into the river; then, weak and dizzy,
I fell back to the ground.
"But my rest was short, for soon I
felt it again, and, rising up, I saw the
cursed thing floating round and round
the pool, but ever turned towards me.
This was more than human flesh and
blood could stand, and I got to mv feet
and scrambled up the trail.
"All day I had been at the pool and
the gloom of night was now falling over
the canyon. Darker and darker it grew
as I toiled upward, till nothing but the
far-off twinkle of the stars through the
fir trees relieved the inky blackness.
"And then I knew that it was behind
me. I could feel its glassy gaze. I could
not help it. I turned about, and there
it was, almost upon me. I ran until my
legs refused to carry me any further.
Then, through sheer desperation, I again
faced it and fought with it like a de-
mon, tearing the clothes from my body
in my fury. I don't remember what hap-
pened after that. I think I must have
fallen and struck my head again. It
throbbed so terribly while they were car-
rying me in. Then I heard them say that
I was crazy, and they clamped chains
about my wrists and put me in a little
room and locked me up. I begged them
to take the thing out, but they would not
listen to me. The man that brought my
food to me laughed at me when I told
him about it and I hated him.
"One day, when his back was turned,
I struck him over the head with a stone
that I had worked loose from the wall;
then I took his keys away and slipped
out. I came near going back once to
hear what they said when they found
him, but I changed my mind and came
here to this cabin. Nobody knows about
it, and here, watching day and night, I
can keep out that cursed eye."
Here he ceased speaking and looked
longingly at the doctor's pocket. The
doctor glanced at me, and we both
looked out the little window. The first
streaks of grey had begun to appear, to
our unutterable relief.
Then the doctor said: "If you will
be good enough to unlock the door, I
think I can find another flask in our
pack; see! the clay is breaking, and you
will have nothing to fear."
After cautiously peering out the win-
dow, he drew the key from his bosom
and unlocked the door, and with a feel-
ing of intense relief, we stepped outside.
The doctor lost no time in getting out
the promised flask, which he handed to
the strange figure, and, telling him that
he was welcome to it all, we bade him
farewell and walked rapidly down the
trail.
To a Marie van Houtle.
When the fair goddess Flora first painted
your petals,
She wielded her brushes at even I known.
For the light in your heart is the pale, gold
of sunset,
Your pretty pink blush is its warm after-
glow.
SMaty S. Guyles.
tO THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
The Boy With the Hoe.
<By SMARION TATTON.
J*
See how he stands beneath the work-tool's weight,
Erect and eager, with the fire of truth
And youth's high courage in his fearless eyes;
Impetuous to take up the worker's task
And lessen toil for God's great common herd.
A flower-soul gathered from beside the Throne
In God's broad meadows of the sun-filled skies,
Smiled into life, brain-gifted, then dropped down,
(Its perfume subtle, as the senses deep —
Far deeper — as the self and centre-soul),
A guerdon for past pain and tears that flowed,
While worn upon the heart a few glad hours.
Then taking up the heavier task to come,
The brain begins to quicken and he leaps
From out the clinging arms that hold him back,
Into the world's arena, where the strife
Makes hard the muscles and makes firm the will ;
Not for himself to struggle, but the weak,
The ignorant and oppressed ; to gain the strength
To lift as high as to God's Mercy-Seat
Those who lie fallen, their souls' God-spark quenched.
O, Masters, Lords and Rulers in all lands,
The child today of generations past
Is part and parcel; yet he has cast off
From memory, as one discards old clothes,
The wounds and battle-scars of ancestors,
To stretch his young limbs in the sun of hope
And grow to stature of a God-like man.
O, Masters, Lords and Rulers in all lands,
Here is thy hope of progress yet to come;
The prowess of this young, new race enfolds
All promise for the power of future ones.
Wyeth's Expeditions to Oregon.
<By F. G. YOUNG, of the University of Oregon.
A Chapter in the History of the Occupation of Oregon. Concluding Paper.
THE preceding installment of this ser-
ries of articles in the August num-
ber closed with a reference to the
mutual respect and good feeling cher-
ished between Captain Wyeth and Doc-
tor John McLaughlin.
The following expressions of esteem
among others are found in Wyeth's pa-
pers: "I find Doctor McLaughlin a fine
old gentleman, truly philanthropic in his
ideas." "Arrived at Fort Vancouver,
where I found Doctor McLaughlin in
charge, who received us in his usual
manner. He has here power and uses
it as a man should to make those about
him and those who come in contact with
him comfortable and happy."
Wyeth was on good terms with
all of the leading representatives
of the British interests in this
Northwest country. But these
were purely personal relations. He
fully realized .at the time, or at least as
soon as he had had leisure to reflect on
the significance of his experiences dur-
ing his expeditions, that in his business
relations the Hudson's Bay Company
through its congenial representatives
was pursuing a policy of cut-throat com-
petition toward him. For in his views
on the Oregon question, submitted to a
congressional committee in 1839, three
years after his return from his second
expedition, he says: "Experience has
satisfied me that the entire weight of
this company will be made to bear on
any trader who shall attempt to prose-
cute his business within its reach. * * *
There has never been any successful
trade in this country by the Americans,
and it is only by trapping that they have
been able to make any use of it; and in
this they are much annoyed by the Eng-
lish traders, who follow them with
goods, and do not scruple to trade furs
from hired men, who they are well aware
do not own them."
Wyeth established two posts to serve
as centers for his operations west of the
Rocky mountains. Fort Hall was a
base for his fur-trading expeditions. It
was located near the present site of Po-
catello in Southeastern Idaho. Fort
William, on Sauvie's island, at the
mouth of the Willamette, was designed
mainly for facilities for salmon packing.
He naturally had occasion to send par-
ties back and forth between these two
places. In the fall of 1834 such a party
was going from Fort William to Fort
Hall, taking with it twelve Kanakas
whom the vessel, the May Dacre, had
brought from the Hawaiian Islands.
When the party had gotten a little be-
yond Walla Walla the Kanakas desert-
ed. Captain Wyeth was coming up a
few days behind the main party. On
hearing of the desertion and finding
traces to indicate that the Kanakas had
set out for California, Wyeth, with a
small party started in pursuit of them up
the Deschutes river.
It is the month of December.
Their only dependence for food Is
their guns. They press on until
about the middle of January. Wyeth's
journal entry on January nth, 1835,
gives one a faint conception of his ex-
periences and frame of mind:
"Last night grew cold and set in for a
hard snow storm with a gale of wind
from the W. S. W. which continued with-
out intermission until sunset today, so
we did not move camp. The cracking of
the falling trees and the howling of the
blast was more grand than comfortable."
"It makes two individuals (the party
had divided) feel their insignificance in
the creation to be seated under a blanket
with a fire in front and three and one-
12
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
half feet of snow about them and more
coming, and no telling when it will stop.
Tonight 'tis calm and nearly full moon,
it seems to shine with as much indiffer-
ence as the storms blow, and whether for
weal or woe, wc two poor wretches seem
to be little considered in the matter.
The thoughts that have run through my
brain while I have been lying here in the
snow would fill a volume and of such
matter as was never put into one — my
infancy, my youth and its friends and
faults, my manhood's troubled stream,
its vagaries, its aloes mixed with the gall
of bitterness and its results, viz.: Under a
blanket, hundreds, perhaps thousands of
miles from a friend, the blast howling
about, and smothered in snow, poor, in
debt, doing nothing to get out of it, de-
spised for a visionary, nearly naked, but
there is one good thing — plenty to eat,
health and heart."
I shall rely on extracts from Wyeth's
letters to depict the progress of their au-
thor to defeat and gloom in his Oregon
ventures. These letters were written in
September, 1835, from Fort William:
"My last was dated Oct. 6th, 1834,
from this place, since which time there
has been the Devil's own work in this
country. Fourteen of our people drown-
ed and: killed and much property lost.
Personally, I am still happy-go-lucky,
with only a broken toe and two or three
upsettings in cold water. This, you
know, I am used to. I expect to come
to Boston about Nov. 1st, 1836, perhaps
to stop."
To another he writes: "I am too busy
and too unwell to write much even to
you. It sometimes appears to me that
the nearer a person is to whom I write
the less competent is the mood to the
ideas I could wish to express. However
this may be, one thing I know. That to
my best friends I always write the short-
est letters — in fact I had nearly written
to you as short a letter as Caesar's to the
senate, viz.: T am sick, dead and buried,'
and yet * * * and yet the last prin-
ciple of human life is not extinct. Hope
still maintains her throne and throws the
mists of futurity over the deformities and
misfortunes that she cannot hide.
"Our salmon fishing has not succeed-
ed. Half a cargo only obtained. Our
people are sick and dying off like rotten
sheep of bilious disorders. I shall be
off by the first of next month to the
mountains and winter at Fort Hall. In
the spring I shall return here, then again
to Fort Hall, and start about June to
see all in the States, lucky if I get
through all this without accident."
A still deeper insight into the abysm of
his miseries is revealed by the following:
"I am now a little better from a severe
attack of bilious fever. I did not expect
to recover, and am still a wreck. Our
sick list has been this summer usually
about one-third of the whole number,
and the rest much frightened. Thirteen
deaths have occurred besides some in
the interior killed by the Indians. I leave
this in a few days for the interior to win-
ter at Fort Hall. I intend in the spring
to return to this place and take up goods.
Then I shall turn my face toward the
rising sun, and hope to have the pleasure
of seeing you about the last of October,
1836. I some think of taking the route
by Santa Fe and New Orleans, but hos-
tilitiles of the Indians render it uncertain
what route I may be obliged to take.
But without serious accident I shall not
be far from that time. I am surrounded
by difficulties beyond any former period
of my life and without health and spirit
requisite to support them. In this situa-
tion you can judge if memory brings
to me the warnings of those (wiser and
older) who advised a course which must
at least have resulted in quietness. Yes,
memory lends its powers for torment.
A few days ago she told me a tale which
carried me back to early life, led me
through the varying shades of days and
years while at every step the trail grew
darker and at last delivered me to the
horrors of the present time. What at
that moment they were you may imagine
■ — a business scattered over half the des-
erts of the earth, and myself a powerless
lump of matter in the extremity of mor-
tal pain, with little hope of surviving a
day, and, if it could have been said 'he
never existed,' glad to go clown with that
sun. But with coming health comes also
a sense of obligations that we are under
and say to us fUr and be doing!' "
cAGNES. 13
This heroic spirit and an iron consti- said: "It is not, perhaps, too much to
tution brought him back to Boston, say that there is not a single tool or ma-
There he lived, twenty years longer, the chine of real value now employed in the
same strenuous life, but turned from ex- ice harvesting that was not originally in-
ploration and hazardous venture to lines vented by Mr. Wyeth. They all look to
of invention and general management in Eresh Pono as the place of their origin,
the ice industry, having associations As one who laid open a new field of hon-
withal with such men as James Russell orable industry," he was held "entitled
Lowell and referred to by all interested to the rank of a public benefactor," and
in Oregon. The Boston Transcript, in he was regarded as ''one of the remark-
its notice of his death, August, 1856, able men of New England."
Agnes.
Where the Coliseum's ruins
Rise to a majestic height,
And the Forum's laureled arches
Mark proud Rome's triumphal site;
'Neath Italy's sunny skies
Lived a maid so pure and fair
That her name in golden letters
Angels guard with loving care.
IT. III.
'Twas the time when Pagan tyrants "Hear me, Agnes," spoke the noble,
Christian persecution waged, "I will give thee wealth untold,
Tried to crush the faith of Jesus, Richest robes from farthest India,
Spared then neither young nor ag'd. Wrought in threads of brightest gold.
Oft had one of itome's proud scions Gems, too, of the purest water,
Sought that pure young heart to gain, Bliss, unclouded, shall be thine
Naught of wealth nor pomp could tempt her, And a wreath of rarest jewels
Pleadings, promises were vain. Shall thy queenly brow entwine.
IV.
"Listen, Prefect," answered Agnes,
"Already have I paid my vows
Tho' I still remain a virgin
Wedded to a heavenly spouse.
One whose glory far surpasses
That of any Earthly King,
And before whose throne, in rapture,
Virgin choirs ever sing."
V. VI.
Love then turned to bitter hatred, Why does now the Forum's Pathway
Baffled passions writhed with pain Ring with clamoring anxious life?
As the Prefect filled with anger, Is some fearless, surging army
Turned to Agnes once again. Marching to victorious strife?
"Go, thou wretched unbeliever! See! above the careless rabble
Go, and meet the Christian's doom! Stands our noble Agnes there
Ere the night its mantle lowers, i Shrouded in a golden garment,
Thou shall see the phantom groom!" A miraculous wealth of hair.
VII.
Soon the burning flames leap round her,
Firm she stands without a fear
Thinking only of her bridegroom,
Longing for his presence dear.
Lo! a miracle of wonder!
When the flames have ceased their glare
Stands our noble Roman maiden
Like a spotless lily there.
VIII.
But, ere night its mantle lowered,
One more saint in Heaven there shone,
One more spouse of Christ was seated
On an everlasting throne.
Elizabeth M. LeUnd.
Maya, The Medicine Girl.
A Story of Fort Yamhill, in Sheridan's Time.
<By SAM L. SIMPSON.
One of the few manuscripts left by the late Sam L. Simpson, Oregon's greatest Poet,
first time published. Begun in October. Concluded in December.
Now for the
Chapter II.
1 READILY assented to Buckctone's
proposal, and we were soon on the
road. We had not gone many steps
when, glancing backward over my
shoulder, I called Buckstone's attention
to the attractive picture made by the gar-
rison buildings and grounds behind us.
We both turned and looked.
Not a vestige of old Fort Yamhill now
remains with the exception of the long,
barrack-like structure formerly occupied
by the post sutler, which now expiates
its ante-bellum gaiety and folly by doing
duty as a dingy country store. All the
other buildings were removed long ago,
and the parade ground on which the
trim, soldierly figure of Sheridan was so
often seen in full uniform, is now a
ploughed field.
But the scene at which Buckstone and
I turned to gaze was different. The fort
occupied the sloping top of a great hill
which, standing at the gateway of the
Grande Ronde valley, was naturally
adapted for military occupation. The
crest of the hill made a semi-circular-
sweep on the east and south, the ground
falling away abruptly from its clear-cut
rim to the winding course of the Yamhill
river, far below. On the east, too, a
phalanx of firs, scaling the rugged
heights, waved their green plumes over
the row of neat white cottages occupied
by the officers and threw their morning
shadows across the smooth plateau of
the parade ground. The other buildings
of the post, soldiers' quarters, mess-
room, hospital, commissary, guard-
room, etc., occupied the remaining sides
of the quadrangle, all marvelously white
in their constantly-refreshed coats of
whitewash. On the western side of the
quadrangle, with fine oaks flanking it on
the north, stood the regulation block-
house, strong, dark, menacing. A state-
ly flagstaff, supported by two gleaming
brass field pieces, stood in the center of
the parade ground. This, under the pur-
ple sky, radiant with constellations of al-
most Syrian lustre, and idealized by the
silvery splendor of the summer moon,
was what we saw.
To enhance the effect, a group of sol-
diers, out on the crest of the hill, were
singing plaintive, sentimental songs of
love and home in the moonlight. The
flash of the sentry's musket, as he
marched and wheeled on his beat near
the guard-house, gave further touch of
martial romance to the scene.
We took the road leading downward
and westward around the long slope of
the hill for about three-quarters of a
mile, until we came to the banks of a
clear and sparkling stream which, emerg-
ing from a heavily-wooded gorge, wound
its way with idyllic grace, among the
skirting alders and willows northwester-
ly through the newly-reclaimed fields
and pastures of the Indian reservation.
In the edge of the woods near the de-
bouchure of the stream, stood a cluster
of white tents, with many others, further
down, half-hidden among the alders and
willows. It was the custom of the wilder
tribes on the reservation to desert the
smoky little cabins the government had
built for them, and live in tents pictur-
esquely pitched along the banks of the
Yamhill river and its tributaries, in the
summertime, and it was a beautiful and
healthful change.
This was a Shasta encampment. At
some distance from the other tents,
MAYA, THE 8MEDICWE GIRL.
15
under the spreading branches of a bow-
ery, magnificent maple, stood one which
was conspicuous for its better appear-
ance and the general neatness of its sur-
roundings.
Thither Buckstone led the way, cau-
tioning me to make as little noise as
possible. The door of the tent was op-
posite the direction from which we ap-
proached, and when we had moved
stealthily around so as to get a view of
the front, Buckstone paused, and, with
a flush of admiration on his face, point-
ed toward the foot of the maple tree.
I moved up beside him. There, at a
little distance from the tree, on a bright-
hued blanket spread out for a carpet, sat
Maya, the Medicine Girl. To my young
imagination she was, in her sylvan set-
ting, more beautiful than an Ovidian
nymph, an enchanting picture of barbar-
ian romance.
A red silk shawl was thrown grace-
fully over her shoulders, and the light
lawn dress which draped her girlish form,
flowed about her in fleecy waves and
ripples almost as soft as the moonlight
which played over her exquisite fea-
tures. Two glossy braids of black hair,
caught with a bow of white ribbon,
hung down her back. Several strands of
beads circled her slender neck and lay
gleaming on the wave-like swell of her
bosom, and she wore a chaplet of odor-
ous vanila leaves and dreamy wood1-
flowers, poetically suggestive of the
Oreads of Greek mythology.
She was gazing pensively toward the
western sky and singing to herself in a
low sweet voice, as if in accompaniment
to the weird, murmurous rune of the
waters down among the willows.
"Maya!" called Buckstone, softly.
She rose, somewhat startled, but, with
a rapturous glow of welcome in her face,
was about to fly to his arms, I think,
when, seeing that he was not alone, she
stopped abashed, murmuring:
"You come late, Edmund, and you
bring somebody with you."
Stepping forward, Buckstone laid his
hand softly and caressingly on her shoul-
der. "It is only Hank, Maya — your
friend and mine," he said; "are you not
going to welcome him?"
She looked up, with an embarrassed
expression t in her gentle, dark eyes,
and said simply:
"I am glad to see him," and then, with
a quiver of amusement about her lipsr
"But I jealous, too, you talk so much
of him."
Buckstone laughed lightly. "How is
the child?" he asked. •
"She sleep nice now; my mother
watch her," the girl answered.
We went into the tent then, which
was divided by a calico curtain into
two apartments. Putting the curtain
gently aside Buckstone led the way into
the inner and smaller room, where, on a
clean and comfortable pallet, lay the lit-
tle patient.
It was still sleeping, its soft, regular
breathing indicating that it was doing
well. An old but dignified Indian
woman, the mother of Maya, sat near the
child, and by the screened light of a can-
dle, was braiding and beading a tiny pair
of moccasins. She bent her head with a
kind, motherly smile, toward us as we
entered, and I was constrained to ad-
mire the grave majesty of her features.
The Shastas were a noble-looking tribe,
however, and this old woman came of a
patrician strains of chiefs and warriors.
"The child is doing finely now," sai"d
Buckstone, when we returned to the
front room, "and will certainly get well
if the family to whom it belongs does
not interfere and take it away, just at the
time when the least exposure would be
fatal. I try to keep them away from it as
much as possible. It is like this, you
see: the child is the daughter of a Shas-
ta family which has, for more than a
generation, been in rivalry with the fam-
ily to which Maya belongs with respect
to the chieftainship of the tribe. For this
reason they hate her with all the strength
of their savage natures, and I am fully
aware that they were incited to give the
child up to my doctoring and Maya's
nursing with "the expectation that it
would not recover. This would give
them a chance to slay Maya, according
to their old, bloody code. In a few days,
however, all danger will be past and our
duty will have been fulfilled."
When we had lingered a little while
J6
THE TACIFIC MONTHLY.
longer in the tent, we all three went out-
side and sat together in the moonlight.
After considerable persuasion from
Buckstone, Maya was induced to sing a
love < song in her native language. It
was a low, thrilling, mystical chant, such
as the sirens, floating their golden tresses
in the wind, must have sung to Ulysses
and his comrades in the Homeric story,
and the effect was indescribably wild and
touching — the dark-haired singer crown-
ed with flowers, and the ceaseless mur-
mur of the stream down among the wil-
lows.
All next day I was haunted by the re-
membrance of the Shasta camp in the
moonlight, and the strange refrain of
Maya's song. There was a scent of am-
brosia in it for me, for I, too, had strayed
within the roseate nimbus of love's
young dream and my mind was in a sin-
gularly receptive mood for the lights and
shadows that weave such fateful mys-
teries in the myrtle groves of Venus.
A few weeks before, while attending a
Friday night spelling contest at the little
country school house on the Willamnia,
about seven miles from the post, I had
met my fate.
She was the school teacher. I had
never met anybody like Miss Alma Rut-
ledge before and my surrender was com-
plete and unconditional. She was a
blonde, and, in my eyes, beautiful beyond
the wildest dreams of the countless hosts
of young men who had, in all ages, wor-
shipped at other shrines.
In addition to her personal charms
Miss Rutledge was an accomplished mu-
sician and linguist, a rara avis, indeed,
for that rude frontier neighborhood. She
was from the East and, a total stranger,
had come into the Willamnia district
with a good recommendation from a
well-known minister residing at the
county seat, and easily got the school, as
teachers were scarce in those days in the
outlying counties of Oregon.
Notwithstanding the usual prejudice
in country sections against "stuck-up"
people, that is, people who show good
breeding in their manners and1 conversa-
tion, and pay some attention to fitness
and elegance of dress, Miss Rutledge,
-who was an admirable tactician, as well
as brilliantly attractive, soon became a
favorite.
She seemed to single me out for spec-
ial favor, and in my supreme self-conceit
I fancied it was because I was
wholly different from the awkward
"yahoos" who worked on the
ranches and herded cattle on spotted
cayuse ponies in the hills — was better
looking, better dressed and better edu-
cated.
Her power over me was immediately
established, and, although it was plainly
evident to everyone besides myself that
she was my superior in years as well as
everything else, I was not greatly troub-
led by any misgivings on that score.
Our acquaintance ripened wonderfully
in the ensuing weeks. It was the sum-
mer vacation for her, and she rode in
from the residence of the family with
whom she was domiciled as much as two
or three times during the week, more for
the outing, I thought, than for the pur-
chases she made, to say nothing of other
attractions, nameless now forevermore.
I was always on the lookout for her
on these occasions, and would gallantly
assist her from her horse and convey her
into the backroom of the store, where
she could rest and refresh herself with a
glass of lemonade or light wine.
I was charmingly innocent, withal,
and hopelessly enamored. The soft rust-
ling of her robe, the music of her voice,
the radiance of her hair, the sweetness of
her smile, the magic splendor of her eyes
and the ineffable faint fragrance that
hung about her always — ah, me! after all
the years that have come and gone they
haunt me yet, like the wistful yearning
of a summer twilight —
The consecration of a poet's dream!
Without disclosing anything of her
own history, she continually provoked
me to babble incontinently about myself
and my friends. She seemed to take a
great interest in the course of life at the
post, and, strange as it may seem, in-
duced me to talk about the relation of
Buckstone and Maya — a treacherous be-
trayal of confidence of which I could not
have been guilty under other circum-
stances.
SMAYA, THE MEDICINE GIRL.
17
. When I was led, unconsciously, to
discourse on this subject I observed even
then, pitifully infatuated as I was, that
she seemed at times to be strangely inter-
ested, almost agitated; but I laid this to
the effect of an outre revelation on the
mind of a pure and refined maiden, to
whom, however, even the wildest ro-
mance of the grand passion must have a
significant and vivid interest.
On one occasion she asked carelessly:
"This Sergeant Buckstone is, after all,
only a common type of soldier, I pre-
sume?"
As Buckstone was my hero this inter-
rogatory incited me to enter upon a
glowing description and fulsome eulogi-
ura of the man, to which she listened in
absorbed silence.
She seemed to have a horror of com-
ing in contact with any of the officers or
enlisted men, and for this reason never
entered the main store when any of them
were about, having me bring to her in
the back room samples of such articles
as she wished to buy. Both the sutler
and his clerk, at her intimation, I think,
yielded to me this pleasant duty, with
many side glances and grimaces.
I told Buckstone about my incompara-
ble inamorata, but, much to my aston-
ishment and relief, he did not seem to be
affected by the confidence further than
to twit me about it occasionally when he
felt in the humor.
In the afternoon of the day succeeding
the visit to the Shasta camp I fully ex-
pected Miss Rutledge at the store again
and made special arrangements for her
reception by brushing up the backroom
and placing a cool bouquet of ferns,
mosses and starry wood-flowers — a pres-
ent from Maya — on the card-table for
the further embellishment of that modest
bower.
About 3 o'clock she came. Buckstone
and two or three other non-commission-
ed officers were standing on the high
front porch of the store at the time, and
she cast a swift, instant look at them as
I assisted her from her horse, regarding
them, I thought, as lawless, brutal brig-
ands, in whose presence no lady could be
safe. She stayed but a comparatively
short time on this occasion, and never
even put aside her veil, which was al-
ways worn when riding, she said, to pro-
tect her face from the sun and dust.
I noticed, too, that her usual, kindly,
vivacious manner was wholly wanting
and she seemed to be preoccupied. "I
am not at all'well today," she said in ex-
planation, "and really should not have
ventured out, the heat is so oppressive.""
Then, with a deep sigh, she fell silent,
sipping the lemonade I had brought her,
her fair hand visibly trembling as she
lifted the glass. In half an hour, having
made a few purchases, she announced
that she was ready to go, and I brought
her horse to the side door and assisted
her to the saddle.
She leaned over and took my hand at
parting, and I shall never forget that
close, clinging clasp. After all these
years, with the best part of my life be-
hind me, and the lengthening shadows
of my declining day wheeling solemnly
toward the East, I still feel its lingering
thrill, when my thoughts recur to those
happy, bygone days.
I stood thoughtfully gazing after her
as she rode away up the lane toward
the high reservation gate, where a blue-
clad sentry paced to and fro in eternal
vigilance over the comings and goings-
of the treacherous wards of Uncle Sam.
The reddish dust of the road, and the
white picket fence and buildings of the
garrison shimmered almost painfully in
the brilliant sunlight, and from the tall
flagstaff on the parade-ground the lovely
folds of the national ensign hung listless-
ly in the breathless air.
I returned to the store by way of the
back room and there, on the floor, near
the chair my goddess had recently occu-
pied lay an exquisite little linen and lace
handkerchief, as white and delicate as
the frailest and fairest flower. I took it
up tenderly and held it in my hand a
moment and its faint, delicious odor
filled my soul with infinite longing. I
then thrust it in my bosom hurriedly, as-
some one called me from the outer room,
and treasured it for many a year there-
after as a token of my first and sweetest
love.
Events then began to move rapidlv.
The bombardment of Fort Sumpter had.
18
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
already sounded the tocsin of war and its
fateful reverberations had not died away
before the stormy rising of the North
had begun. Its effects were soon visible
in this remote post in Western Oregon.
It was certain that the whole body of
our little regular army, no*w scattered in
small detachments over the new States
and Territories of the West, to hold the
numerous tribes of hostile Indians in
check, would be immediately pushed to
the front, and Captain David A. Russell,
commander of the garrison at Fort Yam-
hill, had been advised to hold his com-
pany ready for removal.
Company K, Fourth Infantry, had been
stationed at the post for nearly three
years then and had become as thorough-
ly domiciled as the nature of the service
would permit. Some of the enlisted men
had formed quasi-matrimonial relations
with Indian women, who bore their
names and were at least partially sup-
ported by them. Captain Russell and
Lieutenant Sheridan had purchased cer-
tain grazing lands near the fort and
stocked them with cattle. The post
garden had become the wonder and ad-
miration of the rude ranchers in the
vicinity. The garrison and its grounds
had, by continuous care and labor,
reached a state of almost elegant refin-
ment. It was ideal soldiering, and a
stranger within the gates for the first
time, charmed by the prettiness of the
picture, would naturally expect to see the
brazen mouths of the glimmering field
pieces on the parade ground curtained by
the silvery tissues of the spider's web and
the muskets of the sentries garnished
with woodland wreaths.
But the war-note had sounded and
Pan put up his pipes, there was an angry
whir in the rattle of the drum and a shril-
ler call in the notes of the fife. Good-bye
to Arcadia! In the bosom of every in-
dividual of the command the war-spirit
was lighted. Fort Yamhill and all its
pleasent accessions, material and senti-
mental, would soon become a dream of
the past and Company K would be swal-
lowed up in the smoking vortex of a
tumultuous war.
(To be concluded next month.)
POEMS OF THE PACIFIC COAST.
Violets.
<By 'BELLE W. COOKE.
One night as the dews were falling,
I sat with head bent low,
And I heard the violets calling,
While the west was all aglow;
They called to the sweet-eyed daisies,
With piping voices shrill,
"The beautiful spring is coming,
We've seen her smile, on the hill."
II.
Her voice has waked the wild flowers,
The buttercup has heard,
And the wood prepares her bowers
With the buds for the early blra;
Then wake, and call your neighbors,
Snow-Drop and Daffodil,
For the garden flowers should equal
The wild ones on the hill.
III.
But March, the gruff old lion,
Was playing saint, at first,
And the breeze he feigned to sigh on,
In sudden fury burst,
And the daffodils and daisies
Stood trembling and afraid,
And shivered 'neath the snow-wreaths
That on their heads were laid.
IV.
But the violets true hearted,
With faces bright and brave,
Till the terrible storm departed,
Bowed low in a snowy grave,
Then lifting heads of beauty,
They sung in chorus, all —
'' 'Twere better to bloom too early,
Than never to bloom at all."
Salem, March 13, 1870.
Where Lies the Blame?
®y GEORGE SMELVIN.
ONE of the . saddest spectacles to
contemplate of this, or any age,
for bread riots are not a product
of the nineteenth century — is the armed
opposition of Labor and Capital. Every-
body feels the futility of it, and everybody
comprehends, too, in some vague fash-
ion, that it is all a needless and gigantic
mistake — a hopeless, unnecessary blun-
der growing out of human, shortsighted-
ness and human helplessness, and appall-
ing, often, in results.
Who is to blame for the conditions
that make these mistakes possible and
frequent? Everybody in general and no
one in particular. They are the conse-
quences of social misconceptions, com-
bined with a misinterpretation of cor-
porative and individual rights. The la-
borer toiling for his daily bread and the
capitalist or corporation which employs
him look at the same object from totally
opposite points of view. The man who
earns by the exercise of brawn and mus-
cle a bare subsistence for himself and fam-
ily blames the company or the corpor-
ation which profits by his work for the
hopelessness of his lot and the hardships
which he endures. He sees too clearly
the unequal distribution of wealth and
opportunity, but when it comes to causes
therefor his vision is blurred and dis-
torted by the unfortunate medium
through which he is compelled to look.
The employer, on the other hand, is no
less blinded by what he fondly believes
to be his self-interest. He, too, sees but
one side of the vexing problem. To him,
however, reaping as he does the fruit of
his brothers' toil and possessing life's
luxuries, the outlook is not so tragic.
These two forces, interdependent
though they are, and drawing existence
from each other, are yet opposed in bit-
ter enmity. A sorry sight, truly — and
one that deepens too often into tragedy —
cruel, useless and desperate as that which
was enacted but a few months since in
fastnesses of the Coeur d'Alenes, the
final chapter of which has not yet closed.
The anonymous pamphlet entitled "A
Report on the Labor Unions of the
Coeur d'Alene County, With Reference
to the Crimes Committed by Members of
the Organizations" is so obviously un-
fair and so prejudiced in its statements
of facts and incidents that it defeats its
own purpose and excites an active sym-
pathy for the men who, driven to desper-
ation by wrongs, real or fancied, rushed
blindly and destructively upon the foe
that should have been a friend.
To the onlooker there is always and
inevitably one ending to these labor
riots — the discomfiture of the laborer
who has, in his frenzied rage, destroyed
his sole chance of earning an honest live-
lihood and become a criminal because he
was not content to be a slave.
Twelve hundred workingmen banded
together, and bent upon the destruction
of the lives and property of those who-
employ them is a sight so awful and so
tragic in its significance that society
shudders and recoils at the mere thought
of it.
Lying in the quiet canyon, whose
rugged walls are rich with hidden ore,
the little town of Wardner felt a premon-
ition of impending evil. The air was
troubled — disturbed by rumors of com-
ing disaster. Like a human tornado the
maddened horde of miners swept down
upon the busy place, spreading terror and
desolation, and leaving in its track the
wreckage of a storm whose fury, even
yet, is hardly stilled.
Arms, ammunition and dynamite in
the irresponsible hands of a mob over a
thousand strong! No wonder the terri-
fied citizens of Wardner cried to the Fed-
eral Government for protection! There
was, apparently, nothing left to do.
Helpless to protect themselves, with life
and property both in danger, panic-
stricken, knowing not what further out-
20
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
rage to expect, they saw no other course
to pursue. Their petition was heard and
granted. General Merriam, in command
of United States troops, hastened to the
scene of the riot and Northern Idaho
was placed under military censorship and
so remains.
Of course from all this terror and con-
fusion it necessarily follows that much
seeming cruelty and injustice is evolved
in the name of law and order. But life
and property must be protected, and
perhaps it is not too much to hope that
•out of it all some lasting grain of good
may result. For if the poet voices the
truth, and who dares doubt it —
"From evil some good always springs."
Here and there the dark pages of that-
fearful record are illumined by individual
acts of heroism. Instances of courage,
self-forgetfulness and tenderness are set
like stars in the midnight sky of a month
that will not soon be forgotten. To the
intrepid coolness, the dauntless bravery
and decisive action of one man in par-
ticular during the troubled season that
intervened between the twenty-ninf:h of
April and the arrival of General Mer-
riam, the people of the terror-stricken
region owe much more than can be light-
ly expressed. Dr. France was the man
for the emergency, eminently qualified to
meet the exigencies of the hour. He
acted in the dual role of sheriff and phy-
sician, fearlessly facing danger, forget-
ting it in the presence of duty, ana by
force of his own powerful personality
sternly and resolutely assuming com-
mand and controlling the perilous situ-
ation.
It is chronicled that one hundred and
thirty arrests followed in a single day
the advent of the United States troops in
Wardner. Every suspect was seized and
thrown into prison, and in no case was
bail accepted, though it was admitted
that the ringleaders in the strike escaped
before the troops took the matter in
hand.
At Burke, the headquarters of the
dynamite conspiracy, every man in the
town was captured. It is by no means
pleasant reading — the account of that
human "round-up," when it is recorded
two hundred and thirteen persons "were
herded into a train of box-cars and so
conveyed to Wardner to await a hear-
ing." Men are not cattle, and there is lit-
tle permanent gain in curing a disease bv
drastic measures, while the cause of it
remains untouched.
"And we are brothers! Man and man,
All fashioned from the self same clay
There mounts not any soul so high,
Since that vague hour when time began.
There falls not any flesh so low
But lifts us up, or drags us down.
The tramp may clutch the monarch's crown,
The monarch fling his sceptre by —
A human life — 'tis but a span
An empire flourishes a day.
When Ninives stately towers uprose
The vicious prickly cactus grows
The hot winds of the desert blow —
But human love and brotherhood,
Lo these endure for aye and aye,
And these alone, God counteth good."
When Two Souls Meet.
When two souls meet, and part, but for a
season,
The looked-for joy of meeting once again,
And mem'ries sweet with calm serene un
reason,
Fill the slow days till there is naught of
pain.
When two souls meet and part, to part for-
ever,
Is there in life a tragedy more vast?
The empty years in grim array arising,
Seem deserts wide, through which the feet
must pass.
Cora J. Snyder.
The Indian "Arabian Nights."
Being a Series of Indian Stories and Legends relating to the region around the mouth of
the Columbia River, Oregon.
<By H. S. LYMAN.
THE STORY OF KONAPEE.— Concluded.
/,! fERY early this morning," she
Y began, "I awoke and said: "I
will, go to the Tlah-tsops.' I
was at the Neahkowin. I arose. It
was yet dark, though the stars were
disappearing. I came and overlooked
the sea at the foot of Ewilsilhulth.
But oh, wonder!" and here she shut
her eyes and began to scream
until the tomaniwan man began
to say "Na, Na, Nakahni," and then she
resumed: "I saw the strangest thing —
a black canoe, with white wings, big as
ten thousand pelicans, and it rose up
from the sea with the waves breaking
about it. I was afraid, and saw no more
but have run hither. It was such a sight
as has never been seen since the day of
Tallapus."
The old dreamer, Soatlesullthi, waved
his hands and the people began to shrink
bank; but the chief, Tlah-tsops, stood
forth sternly and said: "We will go to
Ewiltsilhulth and see this wonder."
Tsealth was already by his side, her
long hair waving and her lithe figure,
with the whitened doe-skin suit, forming
a strong contrast to the shapes of the
ni'-n.
It took no very long time to reach
the sea-ridge, and from its crest to look
down upon the beach, and the ship — for
such it was — lying in the surf with the
waves breaking all around it. All were
awed and silent, but long before any
other noticed them, Tseaith had drawn
her eyes from the wonder of the ship to
a spot on the shore where two men were
bending over a fire. "There!" she whis-
pered softly to Tlah-tsops. Then he
looked and saw the men. The fire over
which they bent began to grow brighter
as it was fed with pieces of drift-wood.
As the coals fell the two castaways began
to prepare their morning meal, watched
Tdv Tlah-tsops, and now by the whole
tribe with absorbing interest. But most
of all were the people of the tribe, who
stood concealed in the tall grass of the
hill, astonished when the kernels that the
two cast upon their fire began to pop
open and turn white; but it was with
satisfaction they saw them eat of the
snowy flakes.
Old Tlah-tsops presently led the way
down to the wreck and with his people
surrounded the castaways. The thing
that troubled him was just what these
might be who had come up out of the
sea to his land. Were they animals, or
gods, or men.
Chewumps approached and said "Let
us kill them."
Tsealth whispered to the old chief:
"Speak with them, or find out what they
are."
"How shall I find, my daughter?" he
answered.
"Bring them here and let us see," she
answered.
Commanding all to be silent, the chief
beckoned them to come near. After
looking an instant into the face of
Tsealth, who seemed to assume an air
of kindness, the stronger of the two
obeyed and his companion followed.
"Their white skins and the hair upon
their faces are not like men," said the
chief; "and they have not the skin of
men, nor yet of animals upon their
bodies."
"Let us kill them," said Chewumps,
and he began to raise a long howl.
"But see!" whispered Tsealth, "they
have neither claws like beasts, nor fins
like fishes, nor wings like birds. They
have hands like men, and such hands
may work well and serve great Tlah-
tsops." And here, approaching, with a
little blush deepening the color of her
already ruddy face, she took the hand of
the captive and held it up to the view of
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
her chief.
"Aye," he said, with a loud voice,
"these have the hands of men; they can
work like men, and shall be my slaves.
Let no one harm them!"
Tsealth had dropped her eyes, but
for an instant they sought those of the
white. She laid her hand upon her lips
and looked away, then she said to the
old chief: "Bring them to the village
and let them eat."
It naturally happened after this that
Tsealth had much to do to direct these
two white castaways and to prompt her
old chief, and, indeed, to protect them
from Chewumps and some of the other
young men who desired to club them to
death. She fed them, and as they were
anxious to learn to talk, she taught them
the language, counting on her fingers,
pointing to the men and animals, the
trees, land and sea and common objects,
and the sun and moon. She made them
understand that they were slaves and
that she was also a slave, and great was
her joy to see that their heads were not
flattened, as hers also was not. But,
though kind to both, there was a shade
of difference in her manner toward them.
It was to the stronger and the hand-
somer of the two strangers to whom she
spoke oftenest — to him whose hand she
had held up to the chief on that first
morning. At length he asked her name.
"Tsealth," she answered.
"Soto," he replied, "a good name."
Then she asked his.
"Juan," he said.
"Ah,V she replied, "Kon."
"Juan de Fuca," he said, completing
the name.
"Kon a pee," she said with, much sat-
isfaction.
"Donna Soto," he said.
"Konapee," she returned.
In course of time Konapee led1 the old
chief to the wrecked ship, and to show
what he could do took out some of the
irons, and heating them in a fire of hem-
lock bark coals, beat out from the red
hot metal some knives and tempered
them well. To the chief and to all the
men of the tribe this was a wonder, and
the value of such magic in their midst
was fully appreciated. Konapee and his
companion' were kept busy day after
day hammering out knives. The de-
mand seemed unlimited, for as soon as
all the men of the tribe had knives they
began trading them to others and com-
ing back to Konapee for more. Even
the ship was burned to get the nails and
other iron to make over into knives.
But always at his task Konapee was
cheered by the little slave, Tsealth, who
brought him cool water and roasted fish
and berries, and pitied his hard work —
for the tribe in their covetousness for
knives had little regard for the men who
made them.
But at last as a year passed by, Tsealth
whispered to old Tlah-tsops: "See, has
not Konapee made you many knives,
and have not your people been made
great by this wonderful slave? Let him
build his own house now and rest and be
as one of your sons."
"Tsealth has a merciful heart and is
gentle as a mother bird," said the chief.
So she ran and told Konapee that the
chief would speak with him. The prom-
ises were confirmed in the midst of the
company, and as the autumn of the year
approached Konapee went up the shore
a little distance from Tlah-tsops and
built his home, and there lived. He still
hammered out knives, but no longer was
treated as a slave, but was much honored
and was allowed to sell his knives to ac-
quire property of his own.
Tsealth often came, and as they could
now understand each other well, they
talked of many things. She told of Tal-
lapus and his wonders; of subduing
giants, changing foolish or bad people in-
to rocks, and making the world beautiful.
And she would always end: "They said
Tallapus would never come again; but
I knew that he would come up out of the
sea, and when he came he would be a
beautiful man, who made wonderful
things."
Then he would smile and say: "But
you must not think I am Tallapus; for
he was a god, and I am only a man."
"Ah," she would say, "but is not
every man that is good like a god? And
when the real Tallapus comes what will
he be more than a wonderful man? I do
not like wonderful bears or beavers or
THE INDIAN " ARABIAN NIGHTS/'
23
even coyotes or talking birds and trees.
I like wonderful men — if you are nothing
but a man."
"I am but a man," he would say.
"And I am but a slave," she would
answer. "See, my head is as round as
yours."
No doubt but the long days of Kona-
pee's captivity were much brightened by
the presence of Tsealth, but not even to
her the name of his native land was
known.
As another summer approached he
said to the chief: "I have served you
long; I have made many knives; I have
•caused you no trouble. Now let me go
to my own land, which is far toward
the sunrise. I would see my own land
•once more before I die."
Tlah-tsops was silent long; he had
many counsellors about him but turned
to Tsealth.
"Little slave," he said, "is it good?
Shall Konapee go to his own land far
away to the sunrise, that he may see it
once more before he shall die?"
The girl looked very sad and her face
had lost all its glow. "Let it be as Kon-
apee wishes," she whispered. "Let the
slave be free."
"Let Konapee depart to his own
land," said Tlah-tsops. "Let him go far
away to the sunrise, and as he has en-
riched our tribe send him not away
empty. Send my greatest canoe with
food for his journey, and let each give
him a present of so much as he will take
of otter skins and beaver skins, and the
arrow points and of his own best knives ;
and let each give a haiqui shell. The
slave is free; the Tlah-tsops is just."
For many days had Konapee looked
from his lodge on the shore far up the
river, where in the distance, during clear
weather, he could see a mountain peak
that had never lost its snow. Up the
great river, explorer that he was, with
one of the greatest secrets that the world
had ever known, he would now point his
canoe. Before him lay the river, the
sunrise, a journey half way around the
world, and perhaps at the end fame like
that of Columbus or Cortez!
Bidding all good-by, he sailed. Old
Tlah-tsops and his dusky people, some
(To be
low and square, some lithe, many old with
the wintry snow on their heads, were all
ranged along the shore. Tsealth was not
there. This was a regret to Konapee.
Most of all he would like to bid her
good-by and thank her for her kindness;
and most of all, he thought, should she
wish to wish him well. But, though he
listened and whistled as he made final
preparations, many little bird notes that
they knew between them, or perhaps in
giving his order spoke in a voice so
strong that it echoed on the trees like
a bell, or, perhaps, as to let her know
that he was off, still she did not appear.
At last he said to. the old chief:
"Where is the little slave?"
The old man made no answer, but
bowed his head and covered his face,
while his body shook. All the people
were deathly still, except Chewumps,
who came slowly and placed in Kona-
pee's hand ten splendid haiqui shells,
each worth a slave. Not fully understand-
ing, Konapee ordered his rowers to
move. The head boatman struck the
time on the side of the canoe. It rang
out over the water, and a low wailing
chant, the farewell to the slave was taken
up and the voyage to the sunrise was
begun.
But where was the little slave? So it
is said and rocks themselves whisper it
is true, that some day's journey up the
stream, where is the great tum-tum, or
waterfall, and there are wonderful cliffs,
a little canoe shot out from the shore,
which had just one occupant. That was
a girl, but dressed like a princess. It
was Tsealth, and she said: "I am no
more a slave. I, too, am free. This is
my own country. Yonder great rock is
my castle, and1 see, I have many haiqui
shells strung on my arm! You will die
if you go farther, for the people up yon-
der in the mountains are fierce and cruel,
and are now at war. I came here be-
fore you. I came to welcome you to my
own country."
And Konapee knew that it was true
that the tribes above were fierce and at
war, and though he had made the great-
est discovery of the century, he was well
content to stay with his little slave and
live with her at the rocky castle,
continued.)
An Incident.
<By LISCHEN M. MILLER.
I.
IT was bitterly cold to the two men up
there on the bleak headland. A
grey fog drifted in with the dark-
ness and wrapped them in its chilling
folds. They were thinly clad and unac-
customed to the raw coast wind. Their
hurried flight had left them neither time
jior opportunity to provide themselves
with proper clothing. In the summer
heat of the valley inland they had not
noticed the lack. Days, weeks, they had
traveled; evading as far as possible the
haunts of men, and treading with cau-
tious foot and watchful eye the dim by-
ways of the forest, the deathless solitude
of rocks and hills; sleeping only when
their tired limbs refused to carry them
further, and eating anything that Na-
ture, in her harvest time provided in the
way of fruit and roots and berries. They
waded creeks, swum rivers and crept
through marshes. The long privation
and exposure told terribly upon them;
upon one of them, at least. The horror,
the dread, the awful misery of those un-
numbered days and nights to this man,
no pen can portray. Sleeping or wak-
ing, there was ever present to his over-
wrought mind a fearful thing, a threat-
ening shape, a ghastly horror, compared
to which the innermost recesses of hell
had nothing to reveal more terrible.
He was not afraid to die! He knew
that in death alone could his tired body
find rest; but the black cap, the rope, the
fettered hands and feet! These, these he
could not face. Call him coward, if you
will, that is, if you dare judge him.
In the damp and dark that had settled
down upon them his companion slunk
away, seeking shelter from the heavy
mist under some wind-beaten shrubs.
It must have been near midnight when
the solitary watcher on the cliff roused
himself from the bitter revery into which
he had fallen and moved forward in the
darkness. In the course of a few steps
he stumbled against something; stoop-
ing down he felt about among the wet
leaves of the dwarfed salal and found his
companion, sleeping. Mechanically he
took off his tattered coat and spread' it
carefully over the recumbent figure; then
rose and went forward again in the dark-
ness.
II.
A short distance south of Cape Per-
petua is the bold promontory known as
Heceta Heads. In the summer when the
trade winds prevail, there is a strong
current running south along the base of
the Heads and setting inshore where
they recede to make room for a smooth
stretch of beach. Just here, in a shel-
tered nook is a tiny cabin built of drift-
wood, and redolent with the mingled fra-
grance of cedar and pine and the salt
breath of the sea. It is so small, its eaves
are so low, and it nestles so closely in its
little hollow there under the hills that,
coming up the beach, or down the wind-
ing path from the grassy heights above,
you would scarcely notice it at all, unless
you saw the curling column of smoke as-
cending from its wooden chimney, or
heard the echoing music of young voices
from within.
It was early morning. There was a
warm glow in the eastern sky above the
Heads, and the crested waves of the in-
comtng tide flushed under the sun's first
kiss. On the door-step of the cabin,
two girls stood looking wistfully out
upon the wide expanse of sea and sky.
"Another long day begun. I suppose
it will be just like yesterday and the day
before and "
"Tomorrow and next day, Lean. How
dissatisfied you are!"
"And you, Neja, I believe you are al-
ways satisfied "
Neja gave a little gasp under her
breath, as of pain. "The ocean keeps,
one from loneliness," she said evasive-
ly. "And this life is such a change, voir
know, from the crowded city and the
ceaseless round of lessons."
<AN INCIDENT.
25
"Yes, I suppose so; but you see I
have never tried the city, and I know
this life by heart. It is monotony.
Oh,- if something would happen
onee in a while! For instance, if we
could see a wreck drifting in down there
on the beach, or if those escaped con-
victs for whom, the sheriff is searching
would come down the trail this morning
and frighten us half out of our wits — or
anything for a sensation, you know."
"Dcn't, Lean, please. I cannot bear
to hear you go on so. They may come,
and it would Drove anything but a jest."
"Well, if they did come, Neja, just
supposing, vou know, what would you
do? Capture them and claim the re-
ward?"
"What! accept the price of a human
life? Have you forgotten that capture
means death, the most shameful death to
one of them?'"
"Dear me, how tragic you are! I will
tell you what I would do if he turned
out to be handsome. I'd hide him away
in the cave down there, and send the
sheriff and his young man off on a wild
goose chase if they came prowling
around asking questions. And perhaps,
in course of time, he might fall in love
with me, and I might marry him, and
we would sail the seas a la Caotain
Kidd."
"Marry whom? the sheriff, or his
young man?" asked Neja, amused in
spite of herself.
"The sheriff, indeed! Have you no ro-
mance in your nature? Why, marry the
lieutenant, of course. The papers all
agree that he is striking and attractive in
appearance."
"Lean, Lean, how can you utter such
wicked nonsense? The man is a mur-
derer! His hands are red with human
blood." There was such a look of hor-
ror and alarm on Neja's face that Lean
laughed out gleefully.
"There, you clear, I have shocked
you enough for this time. Now forgive
me, and I will promise to be good."
They walked leisurely out to the edge
of the bank that rose steeply several feet
above the soft sand lying between them
and the hard, smooth beach. They were
as unlike in personal appearance as in
nature and disposition, these two, thrown
together so strangely in this wild place.
Lean was short and inclined to fullness
of figure. Her pretty expressive face had
a peachy bloom which wind and sun
alike were powerless to impair. Neja
was tall and slight and dark; her eyes
were often full of gloomy shadows,
though when the mood seized her she
could be as gay as the gayest.
The awakening wind, blowing up
from the sea, caught the folds of their
dresses and puffed them out airly and
toyed with their curls. Both girls en-
joyed the crisp kisses of the morning
upon cheek and brow. To Lean the
pleasure was purely physical; to Neja it
was something more; for the moment
her face lighted into positive beauty.
"Oh, look there!" Lean pointed as she
spoke to an object upborne on the crest
of a great green wave.
"Yes, I have been watching it."
"What can it be?" But this time Ne-
ja did not answer. She was already down
upon the sand and half way across the
beach. Breathless with expectation,
thrilled, too, with a vague half-dread,
Lean followed. The huge wave had
curled over and broken in a seething
line of foam, and for a moment that
seemed an age to the eager watchers
upon the beach, the burden that it bore
was lost to sight.
"There it is," cried Lean, as some-
thing dark showed through the foam and
was caught and lifted in another billow.
"Oh, my God!" and she covered her
face with her hands; for there in the
green transparency of the wave before it
broke, they beheld a pallid human face.
If exclamation escaped Neja's lips at
the ghastly vision it was lost in the roar
of the surf. She remembered afterwards
the deep unspoken prayer in her heart.
When Lean looked again it was to
see her friend struggling in the breakers;
managing somehow to keep afloat, to
work toward, and after repeated efforts,
to reach and grasp a helpless tossing
hand. And then, heaven help her!
must she, too, drown? Must she give
up and sink in that mad swirl of waters
and be swept to sea? She felt the un-
dertow dragging at her feet.
26 .
THE PACIFIC ^MONTHLY.
"Neja, Neja! Let him go and save
yourself! Oh, come back! Come back
before it is too late!" cried Lean from
the shore where the rising tide broke
about her knees.
But when Neja felt her strength going,
when hope had all but left her, and she
was conscious of naught save a great
darkness everywhere, her feet suddenly
touched the firm sand once more. Still
the receding waters would have torn the
precious burden from her benumbed
grasp but that Lean, seeing her chance
to help, dashed bravely to the rescue.
Together they bore the lifeless form
through the shoaling surf to the dry sands
out of reach of the tide, and there Neja
sank beside it, weak, cold, almost faint-
ing.
"He is dead. O, Neja, what shall we
do? And you — why, you are half
drowned, too." Lean took her hands
and tried to pull her upon her feet. She
herself was in a glow. The dash of salt
water had only exhilerated her. "Gome,"
she cried, "come up to the cabin and let
me help you to get off these wet things.
We can do nothing till some one comes
to bury him. The man is dead."
"Yes," answered Neja; but she did not
rise. The thought of death had always
been horrible to her. She had never
touched a dead body. A corpse! — some-
thing to fear, to shrink from in repulsion
and terror!
"Help me," she said; and Lean, lend-
ing a hand, they turned the white face up
to the morning light and wiped away the
clinging sand and wet; and the sun,
peeping over the Heads, touched ten-
derly the closed eyes and the colorless
lips and brow.
"I thought," said Lean, lifting one of
the slender hands to lay it across his
breast, "I thought the dead were always
rigid. See how pliant these fingers are.
Perhaps there is life here yet." But Neja
did not wait to make reply; she was
frantically tearing away the ragged cov-
ering from the hollow chest.
"Quick, Lean, put your hand here,
mine is so numb. Does the heart beat?
Does it? Oh, thank God! thank God!"
What need to tell how those two brave
girls worked that morning, fighting a
fearful battle with death; praying for
help, for someone to come, casting hur-
ried glances down the beach fading away
in the distance southward, lifting eager
anxious eyes to the trail winding about
the Heads. But they watched in vain.
Ten miles from other human habitation,
what help could come? Sometimes a set-
tler from up the coast, or a rare traveler
passed that way; but there were often
days, even weeks when they saw no one.
Somehow, they never quite knew how
they did it; they managed to get their
strange guest up to the cabin. But the
sun was high in the heavens, when, faint
still, and ghastly pale, though living ana
breathing naturally once more, the
stranger rested upon their low, rude
couch in front of the cheery cabin fire.
He had spoken only once down on the
sand and that was to implore them, in
panting whispers to leave him, to let him
die in peace. He lay now with closed
eyes, his face as white as the pillow upon
which it rested.
Neja, now that the strain was over,
had thrown herself down upon the sea
lion pelt in the corner by the fire, lean-
ing her head against the foot of the
couch. She was so tired, she told Lean,
too tired to rest.
The day wore on. The level rays of
sunset streamed across the misty water
and through the open door. The firej
smoldered on the hearth. Lean had gone !
down to the beach to gather driftwood'!
to replenish it. The stranger seemed to [
be sleeping when she went out. He had.
slept through all the afternoon. When,
however, Neja lifted her head, she metl
the gaze of a pair of eyes that seemed tojj
burn in that pallid face like twin stars.
"It was you," he murmured. "I felt
your hand close over mine down there
in the surf. I know it was you. I should
not have lived another minute but for
you. Do you know whom you havej
risked your life to save?"
Neja shook her head. She felt the}
tears coming and dared not trust her-
self to speak. She was so tired and set
over-wrought with the terrible strain oi
the morning, and it was such a relief to
hear his voice, to be sure that he waSj
reallv safe.
cAN INCIDENT.
27
"Come here," he said. She obeyed
him. -'Lean down, I want to tell you
what you have done," he spoke harshly.
She thought it must be because the ef-
fort to speak cost him pain, and said,
stooping to arrange his pillows: "Do
not talk, I am afraid you are not strong
enough yet."
"I must/' he replied. "You should
know whom you have saved, andl for
what fate."
She bent to catch the name he would
not utter aloud and started when she
heard it, and glanced fearfully around.
"You have heard, then," he said quiet-
ly, watching her intently.
"Yes," in a whisper. Then, as the
full realization came upon her, she fell
upon her knees beside his couch and,
hiding her face in her hands, cried out in
passionate pain and alarm: "Oh, the
danger, the danger! You do not know!
They may come at any moment — they
were here yesterday. They have gone
down to the village for supplies and may
return!"
A sudden excitement gleamed in his
eyes, a faint color fluttered in his wan
cheeks, then fled and left them paler than
before. He reached one thin hand and
clutched her dress. "They willl return!
Of whom do you speak?"
"The officers — the sheriff and his dep-
uty. They have been watching — expect-
ing you to come this way."
"And their names?" She gave them;
but his interest had passed.
"You see," he said wearily, "you
should have left me to drown. It would
have been better."
She uncovered her face and, still
kneeling there, looked at him. There
are times when speech is unnecessary.
Her eyes in that one glance told him
more than any words could have done.
He turned his head and gazed out over
the level sea.
"It would have been better," he re-
peated sadly, and this time it was of her
he thought.
The shadows deepened in the corners.
The sun had gone down and night was
coming on with a red glow in the west-
ern sky that would linger for hours yet.
"You have heard the story of my
crime," he said, tossing restlessly upon
his pillows. "I will not repeat it, or
ask you to believe me less black than
I have been painted. My victim, whether
he deserved his fate- or not, has been
avenged. You have saved me from a
coward's death, and I would thank you
if I could. I go now to meet a felon's
— you have given me courage to do
this. I was mad to dream of escape."
When the stars came out and they
heard Lean singing down on the beach,
he rose. "I am going," he said. "It is
the only thing to do. I must not risk the
pain and annoyance my presence here
might cause you were I to remain lon-
ger. Good-by." He turned to go. He
was stilll very weak and staggered as
he walked. She was at his side in an
instant. ■
"Oh, do not go," she implored. "It
is cold and you are ill, and you have no
coat." Even as she spoke she caught up
her own shawl and put it about his
shoulders and passed out with him into
the dusk of the clear summer night.
What words were spoken as she helped
him up the steep trail to the cliff Neja
never fairly remembered. She only knew
that to her, at least, each step of the way
seemed one nearer to the scaffold; and1
yet, in spite of all the pain and the hor-
ror of it, there was a sweetness, an ex-
altation that lifted them both out of the
damp and dark until they seemed very
near to the gates where the stars stood
guard.
Late in the afternoon of the day fol-
lowing there might have been seen a lit-
tle cavalcade of armed men, winding
slowly down the trail from the Heads.
In their midst rode a man, muffled close-
ly in a grey shawl, a man with a perfect-
ly pallid face and great burning, dark
eyes. His horse was without a bridle
and under the concealing folds of the
shawl the man's thin hands were securely
chained to his saddle bow.
It has been said that the first year of a
magazine's existence, like the first year
of married life, is so important that
should it prove successful, a prosperous
and happy future is assured. If this is
the case the publishers of the Pacific
Monthly have good reason to felicitate
themselves. The magazine begins, with
this number, its third volume, and the
past year has been unusually successful
and satisfactory. For this result the
publishers are very largely indebted to
the local advertisers who have so gener-
ously patronized the magazine. There
has also been a general spirit of helpful-
ness among the literary workers of this
section, and we wish to express our in-
debtedness to them. Every effort the
circumstances allowed has been made to
make the magazine genuinely valuable
to the reader and advertiser, and while
the magazine has fallen far short of our
aims, ''Rome was not built in a day."
The publishers, however, realize the
short-comings of the magazine, and dur-
ing the next few months it will be mater-
ially improved. That there is a field' for
a magazine here has been demonstrated ;
that the Pacific Monthly will meet that
demand in a satisfactory way we are
determined.
. 9
From an American standpoint the re-
sult of the international yacht races was
a pleasant and unexpected surprise. The
Shamrock had shown up so remarkably
well during the trials when the boats
failed to finish in time, that so astute and
experienced an observer as Hank Flaff,
who captained the defender in the pre-
ceeding races, announced that the Sham-
rock was the superior boat and that only
an accident would prevent her from win-
ning the series. The races themselves,
however, proved the very opposite of
this to be true. The Columbia showed
herself not only better designed
and better constructed, but to have
been more skillfullv handled. The
victory was decisive. As a result of the
races there has been considerable specu-
lation as to the factors which gave the
victory to America. Seamanship, un-
doubtedly, had much to do with it, but
the best sailors in the world cannot make
a poor boat a good one. The chief hon-
or of the victory must, therefore, be
placed with Herreshoff. America has in
him the best yacht designer in the world
todav.
Many attempts have been made to es-
tablish a socialistic community, but a
record of failure has so inevitably follow-
ed each attempt that we have come to
look upon such undertakings as dreams
of fanatics that are impossible of realiza-
tion. All have recognized, however, the
desirability of the movement and what its
successful organization would mean for
mankind. That there has been an un-
broken record of failure has been due as
much, probably, to the lack of good busi-
ness management as to the Quixotic na-
ture of the undertaking. This does not
argue, however, that all such schemes
are bad or impracticable. We might as
well maintain that a Democracy is an
impossibility because the early attempts
at it were failures. After all, it is only
by experience that lessons are really
learned, and experience has been neces-
sary in this movement for the betterment
of social conditions. The pioneers in the
field have suffered. They have lost much
in time and money, and have been re-
warded by a goodly amount of ridicule.
But thought has been crystalizing all
this time, and doubtless, some day, some
genius will evolve a plan that the world
.will sieze upon and make its own. Of
one thing there is no doubt: The world
will see wiser and more Christ-like ad- i
justments of its social conditions during'
the next quarter of a century than it has
seen in any previous periods of its his-
tory.
IN POLITICS—
The declaration of war and the begin-
ning of hostilities in the Transvaal are the
result, according to the London Specta-
tor, of a determination on the part of
President Kruger to fight because he
wants to fight. He might have had
peace at any time by making "simple
and reasonable concessions." So much
depends upon the point of view, how-
ever. Possibly the "concessions" did not
look so "simple" and "reasonable" to
President Kruger as they appeared to
the English. "The Boers are deter-
mined," continues the Spectator, "that
they have a right to do what they will
with their own."
* .
Leading English journals are kind
-enough to hope that before the new year
dawns the American forces in the Philip-
pines will be commanded by a general
Avho understands that capturing villages
and retiring from them is rather worry
than war."
* .
The crisis in Austrian state affairs is
itot passed. No one seems anxious to
accept the premiership and there is an
■avowed intention to make the German
language the official tongue.
The proposition tor a temporary ad-
justment of the Alaska boundary line
"has been accepted by the Canadian gov-
ernment. Th divisional line is so drawn
:as to shut Canada out of a sea port, and
Canadians are not permitted the free
transportation of goods across Alaskan
territory save in case of miner's outfits.
The modus vivendi follows the prece-
dent established by Secretary Evarts, in
1879, in the agreement upon a temporary
"boundary on the Stickeen river, in Alas-
ka, by the exchange of notes. The line
on Chilkat river is 22-J statute miles
from the head of navigation on Chilkat
inlet, on Lynn canal, and the Klohinie
river, 12 miles further inland, and the
whole valley of the Porcupine is included
within American lines. As to White and
Chilkoot passes, the line is fixed at the
summit of the watershed, being the
points which for some time past have
been observed by customs authorities of
the two countries.
Senator Hoar declares in favor of
Quay, and thinks he is entitled to a seat
in the United States Senate. He bases
his belief in the right of the governor, to
appoint a senator to fill a vacancy upon
"the contention that it was the purpose
of the framers of the constitution that
the senate should always be full."
IN SCIENCE—
Dr. Georg Steindorff, of Leipsic Uni-
versity, is about to undertake a journey
into the heart of Africa in the interest of
science.
Plain soda water, it has been satisfac-
torily demonstrated, is a palliative for
hunger.
The automobile exchange and train-
ing school is a necessity that has arisen
to meet a present demand.
*
A process has been recently patented
in Germany by Dr. Gustave Pum, of
Graz, far the manufacture of artificial
sponges.
i»
Paper tiles for roofing are a new, hard,
cheap and durable. They are glazed and
made in any shape, color or size to suit
the purpose.
IN LITERATURE—
Olive Schreiner has taken up the wo-
man question in the Cosmopolitan and
treats it far more clearly and compre-
hensively than any one else has yet done.
She goes in to the subject in the most
exhaustive manner, and sees in changed
conditions consequent upon the advent
30
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
of steam, electricity and mechanical de-
vices for the lightening of labor, the
cause for the unrest that characterizes
the woman of today. In other words,
woman, like Othello, finds her natural
occupation gone and clamors to be giv-
en something to do in place of it.
*
Lippincott's, last month, published an-
other of Paul Laurence Dunbar's enti-
tled "The Strength of Gideon." It is a
chronicle of slavery days, and is superi-
or to "Called" in many ways.
An edition in five small volumes of
Dean Plumptre's translation of Dante, is
one of the desirable things of the month
issued by D. C. Heath & Co., of Boston.
This translation is considered one of the
best, the most poetic and scholarly, and
has until now been published only in
cumbersome and expensive form.
*
Clara Barton is arranging and writing
an autobiography .
The title of Frank T. Bullen's next
book is "The Way They Have In the
Navy." If it is half as interesting as his
preceding volumes, "The Cruise of the
Cachelot" and Idylls of the Sea," it will
be well worth reading.
*
Richard Henry Stoddard's recent re-
view of "The Man With the Hoe" is, ac-
cording to Literary Life, "quite the most
remaikable thing of the kind known in
American letters." It is not a criticism,
it is an unjust and unwarrantable abuse.
The second volume of Lady Randolph
Churchill's magazine was published in
October by John Lane of the Bodly
Head, and bound after a design by De-
rome le Jeune, 1770-80.
An addition to the great Variorum
edition of Shakespeare's plays has just
been completed by Dr. Horace Howard
Furness and will be shortly presented by
the J. B. Lippincott Company. The
new volume is "Much Ado About Noth-
ing." Dr. Furness has just returned to
this country from England, where his
literary abilities and pre-eminence as a
Shakespearean authority obtained recog-
nition at Cambridge University, which
conferred upon him the degree of D.Lit.,
an honor that has been shared by only
two other American scholars, Oliver
Wendell Holmes and Charles Eliot Nor-
ten.
*
Yone Noguchi, the Japanese poet,
whose writings a year or two ago at-
tracted much attention in the literary
world, is the guest of Joaquin Miller, at
the latter's home on Oakland Heights.
Since the abandonment last fall of a pa-
per Noguchi started here, he has written
nothing for publication, but it is under-
stood that his pen is not idle, and that
something up to the standard of his
"The Voice of the Valley" and "Seen
and Unseen" may be expected soon.
IN ART—
The young artist who furnishes the
decorative covers for McClure's, Har-
per's and the Book-Buyer is a pupil of
the matchless illustrator, William H.
Low, and his name is Charles Louis
Hinton. He lives in New York and he
is a sculptor as well as an artist. His
father, Louis J. Hinton, is a decorator
and wood-carver and has done some
really notable work along these lines.
•
Two note books, once the property of
Dante Gabriel Rossetti, and filled with
pencil drawings, pen-and-ink sketches;
and character studies by that wonderful
artist, have recently been purchcased by.
an American, Mr. J. W. Bouton.
Sir Alma Tadema's paintings are on
exhibition at the Holland Fine Art Gal
lery in London, together with the work
of notable Dutch artists.
The Sketch Club of Portland will hold
an exhibition in the club rooms in the
Worcester Block in November. There
will be some new and excellent work ex4
hibited by the members who have beer*
painting in silence and solitude for a
whole vear and over.
THE MONTH.
31
Zolnay's bust of Poe was unveiled at
the University of Virginia. It occupies
an alcove in the new library building in
the rotunda. The poet is represented in
a reflective mood, his nead bent and one
hand grasping the lappel of his coat.
The features shown are those of an in-
tellectual man in a state of dejection,
with something of pathos in the impres-
sion one receives. It is not the Poe of
Griswold, but the man more truly drawn
for our instruction by Mr. Woodberry.
The bust bears a fac simile of the poet's
signature and the inscription, "Edgar
Allan Poe, i8oq-i84Q. Student of the
University of Virginia, February to De-
cember, 1826."
At the forty-fourth annual exhibition
of the Royal Photographic Society, in
London, two Americans, Messrs. Alfred
Stieglitz and Dudley Hoyt, each received
the much-coveted Royal Medal, the
highest honor to be won in the photo-
graphic world.
*
The annual exhibition of the Carnegie
Institute in Pittsburg occurs this month.
Jean Francois Raffaelli, the French im-
pressionistic illustrator and painter, and
William Stot, of Oldham, England, are
members of the artists' jury together
•vyith leading artists from New York,
Philadelphia and Boston.
IN EDUCATION—
S. T. Dutton, supeiintendent of
schools in Brookline, Mass., has pub-
lished a book in which he sets forth his
idea of public schools as they should be,
not as they are. He believes that the
public school should "prorvide effective
training for body, mind and heart." Its
mission is to develop the individual and
to this end it must become less a ma-
chine. It can be made a cure for crime
by the building up of character.
Professorr Benjamin Ide Wheeler, the
new president of the University of Cali-
fornia, has entered upon his duties and
is warmly welcomed to the Pacific Coast
as one worthy to stand at the head of a
great institution of learning like that at
Berkeley, and as a man whose place in
the world of literature has been forever
nobly fixed by his splendid story of
Alexander the Great.
A "Liberal University" has been open-
ed in Silverton, Oregon. Its articles of
incorporation provides that all of its
"courses of education, instruction, art
and culture shall be conducted and kept
forever free from, and uninfluenced by
any kind or form of theology, sectarian
religion or supernaturalism, Christian or
other, and that no religious creeds, cate-
chisms, dogmas, public prayers, masses,
sacraments, incantations or religious ex-
ercises shall ever be allowed upon its
property or premises under its control,
or be used or connected in any way with
any of its discipline, courses of study or
functions of any kind except for the pur-
pose of historical exposition or illustra-
tion; but the main purpose shall be in
regard to religious matters and culture,
to replace all of the said past phases of
religion by the universal religion of Lib-
erty, Science, and Humanity."
IN RELIGIOUS THOUGHT—
The Bishop of Winchester has de-
clared most strongly against the con-
fessional. He holds that it is forbidden
by the Church of England. "The wisest
human counsellor is he who leads the
sinner to need human counsel least," is
the way in which he expresses the truth
of the matter as it appears to him.
*
"Reincarnation is the key to the seem-
injustice of life," said Mrs. Katherine
Tingley, the Theosophist leader, in a
recent interview, "and the greatest force
for good, for the soul is inspired by it
to believe that what it sows in one life
it reaps in the next."
The "Communion Hymn," the first
two stanzas of which are given below, is
by Rev. Charles M. Sheldon, the author
of "In His Steps."
Oh Prince of Life Eternal,
Shine forth o'er all the earth!
The stars of all the ages
Has glowed above thy birth;
Through every coming empire
Thy kingdom shall extend,
And over all the nations
Its sway shall never end.
32
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
Thou are the first in heaven,
The first in earth art thou;
Before thy matchless beauty
Both men and angels bow;
We hail thee as our Savior,
We crown thee as our King,
And out of all our treasures
The best we have we bring.
George D. Herron, "Professor of Ap-
plied Christianity," in Dow College,
in a recent issue of the New York Jour-
nal, says: "We all believe in a God of
the dim past and in a God of the remote
future, but how many believe in an ac-
tual living God of this present montn?"
His idea of a religion that will meet the
needs of the day and satisfy man's na-
ture in all ways, is indicative of the
new thought that is taking hold upon
the world. He further says: "Evil is,
only because we think that it is. It has
no reality beyond our belief in it; no
power save such as our belief invests it
with. Evil exacts tribute because we are
stupid enough to come to terms with it.
The devil exists because we uncon-
sciously worship him as the real power,
when we think that we are worshipping
God. We have strife, competition and
struggle. We have the palace beside the
sweat-shop, the wretched tenement be-
hind the church ; the monstrous lobby in
the legislative hall, the swarms of politi-
cal and commercial parasites on the
social body, becauses we believe in all
this hideousness and tyrany as real and
potent; as having always been, and as
therefore always to be. But there is no
evil except our belief in evil."
A Pica.
My home, my sunny, Southern home,
The friends my childhood knew,
I left, mid foes and frost to roam,
That I might follow you;
The laurel wreath I won from Fame
Beneath your feet lies low,
Your white hand stained my honored name;
And, since you will it so,
I die; nor beg your pitying sighs;
And yet — I ask this dole
Oh, turn away your glorious eyes,
And let me keep my soul.
cAdonen.
LEADING EVENTS—
September 24 — Julia Dent Grant is married
to Prince Michel Cantacuzene at Newport,
Rhode Island.
September 25 — The Battleship Kearsarge
makes a successful trial trip over the Cape
Ann course from Boston.
September 25.— Idaho and North Dakota
volunteers are mustered out at San Fran-
cisco.
September 26. — Admiral Dewey arrives in
New York.
October 1. — At Manila General Otis refuses
to recognize Aguinaldo as "president of the
republic."
October 2. — General Otis rejects a letter
presented to him by Filipino envoys.
October 3. — The first race between the Co-
lumbia and the Shamrock is declared off for
lack of wind.
October 4. — Admiral Dewey advises the
president to send the Brooklyn and other
warships to reinforce the squadron in the
Philippines.
October 5. — Indo-British troops fight with
Arab forces on the Somali coast near Ber-
bera.
October 0.— President McKinley is endors-
ed by the Massachusetts republican conven-
tion.
October 7. — President McKinley is enter-
tained by the Marquette Club of Chicago.
October 8. — American troops are advanc-
ing from Bacoor along Cavite peninsula.
October 9. — The American army occupies
tbp FiMpino stronghold.
October 10.— The Boers send an ultimatum
to Errand. They demand the withdrawal
of British troops from the border.
October 11. — President Kruger answers a
cablegram from the Chicago Tribune and de-
clares that South Africa must be free.
October 12.— Martial law is proclaimed at
Pretoria in the Transvaal.
October 14.— Sir Redvers Buller is given
supreme control of the English forces in
South Africa.
October 15.— A revolution threatens in
Venezuela.
October 16.— General Shafter in his report
advises that the Presidio recruiting station
be continued.
October 17.— In South Africa the Boers at-
tack the British at Mafeking and are re-
pulsed.
October 18.— President McKinley declares
himself upon the question of the Philippines.
October 10. — In the house of commons
Joseph Chamberlain defines the policy of,
England in Africa.
October 20. — The Columbia wins in the- i
final race with the Shamrock.
October 21. — The Boers suffer defeat at
Elands Iaagto.
October 31. — Report from London says-
that the Boers captured two regiments of in-
fantry and ten field pieces.
This Department is for the use of our readers, and expressions limited to six hundred words, are soli-
cited on subjects relating to any social, religious or political question. All manuscript sent in must bear
the author's name, though a nom de plume will be printed if so desired. The publishers will not, of course,
be understood as necessarily endorsing any of the views expressed.
ANNEXATION AND EXPANSION.
The question of expansion raises the
question of the power of congress, under
the constitution, to legislate for and con-
trol its colonies and dependent terri-
tories. This power, if derived at all, must
be derived from Section 3, Article IV, of
the Constitution, which provides that
congress shall have power to dispose of,
and make all needful rules and regula-
tions respecting, the territory or other
property of the United States. At all
events the only authority or right that
congress has, under the constitution, or
otherwise, to deal with the acquired terri-
tory is to foster and encourage its devel-
opment, so that the same may become a
state as speedily as possible, and the
right of. congress to legislate for it must
be strictly confined to the accomplish-
ment of that purpose, and only those
laws can be enacted that are necessary to
preserve the territory and hasten that
end.
To undertake to do otherwise would
be a dangerous and unprecedented ex-
periment, without sanction or authority
under the constitution, or psage — an in-
direct violation of the spirit and intent of
the constitution, and against precedent
and tendencies of the drift of public opin-
ion. This is clearly shown from an ex-
amination of the history of our country
— as well as from the views of the earlier
law writers and commentators.
Take, for example, the language of
Chancellor Kent, in the first volume of
his Commentaries on American Law. On
page 386, he says: "If, therefore, the
government of the United States should
carry into execution the project of colo-
nizing the great valley of the Columbia
or Oregon River to the west of the
T<ockv mountains it would afford a sub-
ject of grave consideration. What would
be the future political and civil destiny
of that country? It would be a long
time before it would be populous enough
to be created into one or more independ-
ent states, and in the meantime, upon the
doctrine taught by the acts of congress
and even by the judicial decisions of the
supreme court, the colonists would be in
a state of most complete subordination,
and as dependent upon the will of con-
gress as the people of this country would
have been upon the king and parliament
of Great Britain, if they could have sus-
tained their claim to bind us in all cases
whatsoever. Such a state of absolute
sovereignity on the one hand, and of ab-
solute dependency on the other, is not
congenial with the free and independent
spirit of our native institutions, and the
establishment of distant territorial gov-
ernment ruled according to will and
pleasure, would have a very natural ten-
dency, as all pro-consular governments
have had, to abuse and oppression."
It is an innovation upon our American
ideas and institutions, and would require
a complete change. While our consti-
tution is and has been very elastic, and
has been made to fit new and strange
conditions, unthought of at the time of
its adoption, I am satisfied it could never
be stretched so as to meet the necessities
of the new proposed conditions. Expan-
sion beyond the limits of this continent,
and an attempt to acquire and control
other territory is a theory tending direct-
ly to imperialism, a condition which a re-
public, formed and maintained as ours is,
can never conform to. It is entirely de-
structive of that patriotism which is the
foundation of our government.
It is imposible for a conquered peo-
34
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
pie, after a long and bloody strife, to
readily adopt the views and ideas of the
conquerer. Patriotism is a tender plant;
it cannot be forced; it cannot be made.
It comes from natural causes; it is in-
herent, and a republic without patriotism
in the hearts of the people, from whom
all just power is derived, cannot live.
In reading the masterly and interest-
ing discussion of the constitution as con-
tained in the "Federalist," one is impress-
ed with the fact that it was this power of
acquiring and governing dependent col-
onies that filled the minds of the authors
of that remarkable document with the
greatest alarm. They were too conver-
sant with the history of the great repub-
lics of the past not to feel that this power
could not be too closely guarded. ,
The description of the gross abuses
and oppressions of which the Roman
magistrates who governed with despotic
sway the distant provinces of that great
nation, as pictured in the glowing rhet-
oric of Cicero, affords a warning which
modern nations would do well to heed.
From the time of the first acquisition
of territory by the Louisiana purchase
through the session of Florida, to the
Oregon treaty and the Mexican treaty,
in no instance, except in Alaska, has con-
gress failed to leave the inhabitants of
the acquired territory the right of mak-
ing its own laws, reserving only a gen-
eral supervision which in no case has
been unreasonably exercised. Alaska
being the only exception, and the shame-
ful disregard with which this district has
been treated by congress requires no
condemnation at my hand for the reason
that it is universally conceded. Imagine
the result had this district been populated
by Filipinos instead of patriotic, intelli-
gent American citizens, who love their
country.
Can we not see that something more
must necessarily be done for them if an-
nexed than has been done for us; and it
is from the application of these wise prin-
ciples of self-government and careful
recognition of the privileges and immu-
nities so dear to the American citizens
that this peaceful and successful result
has been obtained. But how can those
islands be brought up under the tutelage
of this republic? How could they re-
ceive the benign influence and enjoy the
freedom and appreciate the blessings of
such a government as ours? They must,
of necessity, be governed as colonies, and
such is not the policy of our government,
nor ever can be. Such was not the inten-
tion of the framers of the constitution;
such has not been the spirit of its inter
pretation. The intention and interpreta-
tion of the constitution has always been
to guard against every exercise of des-
potic power- — to grant to the people the
largest liberty consistent with safety.
W. C. Crews.
Juneau, Alaska.
Past.
We met, once more the summer wave
Of pleasure caught us in it's net;
So tossed, we took what pleasure gave,
We met.
But passion faded to regret,
Blooms never more in colors brave;
Nor can she ever quite forget,
Or give again the hope she gave.
Youth's earliest sun is scarcely set —
But love is dead, and by his grave
We met.
Jlorence May Wright.
"WHAT ARE WE HERE FOR?"
A Reply to "The Minitter," in the October number.
"The Minister" heads his sermon
with this query, in the October number
of the Pacific Monthly. . I wish I knew
who the minister is; whether he is young
or old, male or female. Then I could
better judge him. I should say, from
the sermon, that he is one who knows
more of the theory of existence than
the practical workings of it. I should
say that he sits in his office and writes
sermons, but does not go out among
God's people, reading them. Young
Minister, let mc ask you, what is the
saddest thing in all the world? Is it
loss of friends, death, disgrace, poverty,
disappointment, wrecked hopes, shallow-
ness, love of 'play,' lack of seriousness,
—is it any of these things? Unless
you are very young, you will say, "it is
not." You will agree with me that the
deepest tragedy of human existence
■romes when a man has passed through
the usual programme of hopes and fears,
stands on the threshold of a future,
which holds out no allurements and
looks back on a past that is barren, and
ask? that most fatal of all queries,
''What is it all for?" And yet you would
have him ask it. You would condemn
his interest in the "day's pleasures," the
"play'' and put this awful unanswerable
outcry of the great human heart on his
lips.
A thousand times, I protest. Leave
man to enjoy as long as he can enjoy:
to fill his days and years with honest
toil, brightened by the natural, healthy
pleasures that every nature must have
for its entire development. Let him be
as chi1dlike as nature would have him,
and then if his life is not full, if a pause
must come when he wearily asks,
"What is it all for?" pity him. Do not
(ell h:m we are here to "prepare for the
next life" any more than that Monday
■ merely a preparation for Tuesday.
Monday is just as important, every whit.
tis Tuesday. It is the beginning of the
week. True, the successful passing of
the week may hinge on the start made
on Monday; but Monday is primarily
important tor its own lessons, not for a
preparatioti day for all that is to come
after.
So in life. We begin here, and it is
well to -begin aright, but this life is just
as important as the one to follow. More
so to us, for this is in our hands to
mould as we will. We know nothing of
the future. It is God's. Let us not tres-
pass. Let us live out our lives nobly
seeing so many duties and pleasures, on
every side, that we have no time to ask,
"What is it all for?"
Make much of the little things that
fill up the day. See the funny side of
the puzzling tangles. Laugh more and
question less, and when your time
comes to die, die bravely, with no mis-
givings about the future. Trust the
God who created you.
cAnne Shannon Monroe,
704 North Second street,
Tacoma Wash.
# ♦ jfr
THE POWER OF A WORD.
WTho shall measure the power • of a
word? Written or spoken it is difficult
to estimate its importance, or to limit its
influence for good or for evil, and yet
there is nothing, absolutely nothing,
which we use with such recklessness and
extravagance as we use words.
There is that old couplet about
"A man of words and not of deeds — "
etc. What child in this land of the free
ever escapes having its meaning duly im-
pressed upon his mind? One of the
aphorisms we are taught by our pastors
and masters in our early youth is to the
effect that "actions speak louder than
words," and we go through life laboring
under the mistaken ida that it makes lit-
36
THE PACIFIC mONTHL\ }
tie difference what we say as long as we
do the right thing. It is an idea, too,
which we do not outgrow, but which
rather assumes greater importance as we
look upon it from the vantage ground of
middle age.
"As the twig is bent the tree is in-
clined," and it is not to be wondered at
that in our eagerness to pay deference to
the act we form the habit of underesti-
mating the value of the word. We, all
of us, daily disregard the wisdom of the
wisest of kings who wrote in the days of
prophecy:
"He that ruleth his own tongue is
greater than he that taketh a city."
A word! a mere sound breathed out
upon the air. Heard, perhaps, by one
alone, and vanishing on the instant, yet
in effect far-reaching as space, and out-
lasting time itself. Ah, the word! Con-
sider that first verse of the Gospel Ac-
cording to St. John: "In the beginning
was the Word. And the Word was with
God." Out of the Spoken Thought came
all created things, for "The Word was
God." And yet we go on saying that
words do net count, that the action is all
in all. And we are wrong.
An action may be forgiven, no matter
how cruel or how productive of pain, of
loss, of anguish of mind and body — an
action may be forgotten, no matter how
kind or generous, or great, but a word
will be remembered forever and ever.
Its sting is as sharp at the end of the
years as on the day when it first cut the
heart with its scorpion lash, or gladdened
the ear with its tender music.
"Somewhere there waiteth in c^is world of
ours,
For one lone soul another lonely soul,
Each chasing each through all the lonely
hours,
And meeting strangely at one sudden goal.
Then blend they like green leaves with gold-
en flowers,
Into one beautiful and perfect whole;
And life's long night is ended, and the way
Lies open onward to eternal day."
"So long as a woman loves she loves
right on, steadily. A man has to do
something between whiles." — Jean Paul
Richter.
It was de Maupassant who said that in
order to render women comprehensible
one must appeal to their intelligence
through their feminine nature, for they
see all things through sentiment.
Love's Questioning.
How do I love thee, Love, my love?
I find no words to say;
For oh, the love words can portray,
It passeth in a day.
Why do I love thee, Love, my love?
When Eros goes before,
He carries in his hand the key
To Fate's mysterious door.
When do I love thee, Love, my love?
Why every day and night
And hour, and golden minute,
Marked by heart-beats in its flight.
How do I love thee, Love, my love?
I cannot tell thee how;
I only know that ev'n in death—
I'll love as I love now.
Lischen M. Miller.
CONDUCTED BY CATHERINE COGGSWELL
As a Theosophist might say, the
drama moves in cycles. In the last fif-
teen years this has been demonstrated
clearly. Shakespeare — or the legitimate
- — fell almost into the absolute silence
of non-production, the lurid melo-
drama became obsolete, and comic
opera reigned supreme. Bright,
tuneful music prevaded the at-
mosphere theatrical — only to be
succeeded by the society play. These in
turn were relegated to oblivion by the
ever-to-be-wooed public, and a wave of
erotic, unhealthy pieces lived their little
day. Then vaudeville became popular
and, to some extent, still is the fad of the
hour, but the theatres of New York show
that the dramatized novel is what draws
best at present.
The praised-to-an-early-death "Trilby"
was the first to set foot on the ladder of
fame. Then followed the romantic "Pris-
oner of Zenda." These instances are by
no means meant to imply that there were
not many other plays founded on books,
but these were the outposts of the stand-
ing army of novelized dramas, or dramat-
ized novels. There was comment of all
kinds on "The Christian," but the people
flocked to see it, and today Thackeray's
"Becky Sharp," produced and played
most cleverly by Minnie Madern Fiske,
is the most-talked-of production. Zang-
will's "Ghetto," the Jewish contribution,
"Phroso," still another, and last tho' by
no means least, Stuart Robson in "The
Gadfly," throng the metropolitan thea-
tres. It is a difficult matetr to imagine
Robson as a morbid young priest, with
no hint of comedy in his composition,
centred solely on revenge. Yet the
press and the public acknowledge the
success of this, one of the latest of the
book plays.
Anthony Hope's stories, it would
seem, lend themselves readily to
dramatic adaptation. "Rupert of Hent-
zau," the sequel of the ever-charming
"Prisoner of Zenda," as a novel, though
not lacking in dramatic incident, is in
some ways not so satisfactory. As a
play it is not inferior to its exquisite
predecessor. To my mind it is the pure
romance, the tender love-making, the
fine thread of humor that characterizes
Anthony Hope's books that makes them
so perfectly enjoyable and gives them
their hold upon the public both as novels
and as plays. It remains to be seen how
long the original authors of dramatic
efforts will allow their field to be usurped
by the novelist.
9 •#■ ' 9-
Scene — A Dramatic Agent's office.
Dramatis Personae — A Leading Lady,
A Spanish Clown. Both waiting to see
managers.
Leading Lady (wishing to be agree-
able)— Ah, Mr. , looking for an en-
gagement?
Clown (airily) — I expect to sign con-
tracts this morning for a turn at the best
vaudeville houses.
L. L. — Indeed! You are fortunate. I
really think I'll have to go into the Vari-
ety myself, the days of the Legit, seem
to be in the sear and yellow — "
Clown (positively) — Oh, but, Miss —
you have to be really clever to do any-
thing in Vaudeville.
A Day of Hope.
Into a narrow life one day there came
A hope that warmed and brightened it like
flame,
And tho' at night-fall cold and dead it lay,
It lived not all in vain, that one sweet day!
Florence May Wright.
HOUSEKEEPING AND HOMEKEEPING.
Something more goes to the making
of a home than the careful ordering of a
house. A good house-keeper is not al-
ways a successful home-keeper, and of
the' two the latter is the more necessary
to domestic comfort. There are houses
so exquisitely kept, so severely clean
and neat that it seems almost a sacrilege
to invade their immaculate precincts
with shod feet. One instinctively pauses
upon the threshold, for there is always a
faint chill in the atmosphere in these
temples of purity that is disconcerting to
the ordinary mortal, who loves warmth
and light and freedom, three essentials of
the home.
Neatness and order in the home are
not to be disregarded, but they must be
unobtrusive, subservient to comfort, and
not permitted to interfere with the free-
dom of the members of the household.
Home means so much more than mere
shelter from the elements, a place in
which to eat and sleep. It is the garden
of life, wherein blossom the fairest hu-
man flowers, and flowers to bloom in full
perfection must have unstinted sunshine.
The warm light of love and sympathy
must pervade the home, whatever else is
lacking, and it is one of the evidences we
have of tne Divine ordering of human
affairs that these, the first essentials, are
within the reach of all who aspire to
make a home. Every couple who can
afford a roof over their heads may, if
they really desire it, possess a home, that
is. if they understand the basic principles
of home-building. In two or three
rooms, in one even, it is possible to live
the ideal life. And many a man who is
born and brought up in the midst of lux-
ury goes to his grave without ever hav-
ing breathed the atmosphere of that
beautiful place whteh James Howard
Payne immortalized in tender verse.
The home instinct is inherent in the
race. It is particularly emphasized in
woman kind, though not always develop-
ed. Indeed the fashion of the day, in
spite of the prevalence of cooking
schools, science in the household, hy-
genic housekeeping, etc., tends to dis-
courage home life. Girls are educated
with the mistaken notion that they must
enter some profession, that they must
compete with men in the marts of trade,
that, in short, the first duty of women is
to earn her own living by selling the
efforts of her hand and brain for dollars
and cents. The boasted equality of the
sexes, the independence of woman, the
unnatural craving for recognition outside
of the home and social circle, stimulated
by so-called reformers, must be held to
answer for this present state of things.
There was once a woman in this great
Northwest who went about lecturing up-
on the proper care and scientific upbring-
ing of children, and it is common report
that her own child, left meanwhile to
look after himself, died from lack of at-
tention.
This woman and others of her kind are
the unfortunate products of mistaken
methods of education. Scientific child-
culture is a poor substitute for mother-
love, and the girl who is brought up to
believe that she can best deliver her mes-
sage to humanity from the platform, and
fulfil her mission to mankind in a public
career is erroneously and injuriously in-
structed. She wields a wider influence
when she lets the light of her loving wis-
dom illuminate her own home circle, and
the word that goes out from her own
hearthstone may be heard around the
world and echo for all time down the
vista of the coming ages.
SYSTEM.
During the past few years a great deal
has been written about the education of
women. In nearly every case it has eith-
THE HOME.
39
er been urged or taken for granted that
woman's work lies in the home, and the
suggestions for her education have been
made with that condition in mind. In
all that has been said, however, there has
been a very general disregard of empha-
sizing the important elements which de-
termine the success or failure in the man-
agement of a home. The most import-
ant of these is unquestionably "system."
Yet very little is done toward inculcating
this very desirable quality in the minds
of those who are to be mothers and
rulers of homes. In the practical af-
fairs of life with young men the condition
is very different. A young man must go
through a prolonged training of appren-
ticeship in nearly every business, and a
disregard of system, he is soon taught,
would mean confusion and failure. Is
the management of a home a less practi-
cal or serious undertaking than a com-
mercial pursuit? Certainly it is not. All
the ingenuity and skill in systematizing
that are so necessary in business, are
equally, if indeed not more, nec-
essary in the management of a
home. This question is of too
serious a nature, it touches the well-
being of humanity too closely for it to
be left to the slip-shod, chance settle-
ment that has characterized it in the past.
There must be some reform along the
lines of home management and duties,
and woman must either settle the ques-
tion herself in a practical, sensible way,
or admit that it is too much for her and
turn it over to man. If we may dare to
suggest it, this question is of greater im-
port than woman suffrage, prohibition,
and the discussions that generally occu-
py the attention of women's clubs.
THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENT.
In a recent address, Mr. Hamilton W.
Mabie called attention to the fact that
Scotland, a little country far to the
north, under dolesome skies, and swept
by depressing mists and chilling winds,
has been very fertile in men of genius.
Every one of its generations during the
last five centuries has produced .a
vScotchman to give literary expression
to the emotions and imaginations of
English-speaking peoples.
Mr. Mabie's explanation of this fertil-
ity is that there is something rich and
grand in the race, something deep in
its heart, which even the Scotch peas-
ant has the insight to see and the power
to express.
"Last summer," says Mr. Mabie, "I
was talking with one of the foremost
contemporary Scotch writers, and I said
to him: Ts there not a great deal of
poetry among the commonest and most
uneducated people in Scotland?'
"Said he: 'They are saturated with it.'
"One day in the early spring he was
walking along the side of a mountain in
Skye, when he came to a hut in which
• lived an old man he had known a great
many years. He saw the old man with
his head bowed and his bonnet in his
hand. My friend came up and said to
him after a bit:
" T did not speak to you, Sandy, be-
cause I thought you might be at your
prayers.'
" 'Well, not exactly that,' said the old
man; 'but I tell you what I was doing.
Every morning for forty years I have ta-
ker, off my bonnet here to the beauty
of the world!'
"Where untrained farming folk go out
«-:nd take off '.heir hats to the beauty of
the world, it is there that we may ex-
pect to find poets.
"Peasants do not use the language of
poets unless they have the souls of po-
ets in them."
But whence comes the peasants' sen-
timent and power of expression? "Is it
my belief," answers Mr. Mabie, "that
the Scotch people have derived their
inspiration from their knowledge of the
great poetry of the Old and New Tes-
taments. Nobody can know the Psalms
of David o- the prophecies of Isaiah
or that sublime Book of Job, without
being imbued with a keen imagination.
So, I believe that it is largely, because
of this that a little people so far to the
north, so out of the reach of balmy skies
and tropical influences, are so rich in
'he greater elements of thought and
knowledge and art and life." — Youth's
Companion.
WISDOM AND DESTINY.
Maeterlinck — Dodd, Meade & Company.New York.
Maurice Maeterlinck — a name, yes,
but name that embodites "the music of the
spheres," a title that stands for divine
harmony, a heavenly measure from some
celestial chorus, chanted by angelic hosts.
Maurice Maeterlinck! a man as other
men, perhaps, but a human soul to whom
God ha? spoken, a medium through
whom Eternal Truth and Wisdom find
expression.
Clear and sweet and strong, vibrant
with the melody and the meaning of life,
his words give voice to the hidden good
in the heart of man, and he who reads
must heed and understand.
A mystic, would you call him, this
dreamer of beautiful dreams that are
true? a transcendentalist? a Neo-Platon-
ist? Very well. Until the speech of man
is enriched by some new word, some
heavenly phrase down-dropped from the
stars to tell what he is, we must be con-
tent to call him mystic. But is this mys-
ticism, this simple sentence which even
a child can comprehend?
"Ah yes — I declare that the joy of a per-
fect, abiding love is the greatest this world
contains; and yet if you find not this love,
naught will be lost of all you have done to
deserve it, for this will go to deepen the
peace of your heart, and render still braver
and purer the calm of your days."
Longfellow said much the same thing
in his story of "Evangeline" though in
less beautiful and impressive fashion:
"Talk not of wasted affection, affection never
was wasted;
If it enrich not the heart of another, its
waters returning
Back to their spring, like the rain, shall fill
th»m full of refreshment,
That which the fountain sends forth returns
again to the fountain."
This speech from the lips of the gentle
Acadian maiden's "Father Confessor,"
lacks the directness and the simplicity
that characterize Maeterlinck's word*.
''Wisdom and Destiny" is a book, its
translator would have us believe, that is
"truly a faithful mirror" of the author's
own "thoughts and feelings and ac-
tions." If, then, you would know Mau-
rice Maeterlinck, gaze into this "mirror."
You will be startled to find reflected
there many of your own half-thoughts.
You will see your own faint perceptions
of the truth taking form and your con-
victions regarding the unseen, which you
have never had the courage to acknowl-
edge, even to yourself, will confront you,
demanding recognition. He has gone
forward, this poet of the ideal, into that
vast uplifted place where the soul ex-
pands, where the air is the breath of
heaven and the wind blows out of the
gates of eternal dawn. Most of us turn
aside when we have come to the border-
land of this lofty region. We are afraid
to go on, because we are in love with our
own delusions, and something whispers
to us that we must lose them there. But
this mystic, this dreamer knows nothing
of fear. In the high altitude in which he
walks, there is no room for doubt, or
dread. With calm eyes and lifted brow
he fronts the Unknown and writes in liv-
ing words the meaning of the thing he
sees. "Beauty" he declares to be "the
only language of the soul." Beauty is to
him the all in all, but it is not mere
beauty of form and color that he wor-
ships. It is rather the spirit of the Divine
that breathes through and animates
every living thing.
He is like Jean Paul, if Jean Paul
could be stripped of the bewildering fan-
cies, the voluminous, rainbow-tinted and
rose-misted draperies in which he en-
veloped and strove to conceal his lumin-
our thoughts. He is like Le Gallienne,
that "yoUng moon in a pine wood," but
goes far beyond and above him in that he
beholds not alone beauty, but the soul of
beauty.
"Ennoblement comes to a man in the
degree that his consciousness quickens,"
writes the author of "The Treasure of
"BOOKS.
41
the Humble," and you feel instinctively
that he knows what he is talking about.
■ Of that chapter "The Invisible Good-
ness," I will not speak. It is too deep, too
strongly moving in its effect upon the
reader. It must be read, not discussed.
"Silence" is treated in a manner that
arrests the attention by reason of its
originality and holds it by reason of its
truth. Have you not felt the force of
this without knowing it really? "There
is an instinct of the superhuman truths
within us which warns. us that it is dan-
gerous to be silent with one whom we
do not wish to know, or do not love; for
words may pass between men, but let
silence have had its instant of activity,
and it will never efface itself, and indeed
the true life, the only life that leaves a
trace behind, is made ( up of silence
alone."
The following sentence is from "The
Deeper Life," one of the chapters in
"The Treasure of the Humble," "To love
one's neighbor in the immovable depths,"
Maeterlinck says, "Means to love in oth-
ers, that which is eternal.; for one's neigh-
bor in the truest s^nse of the term, is
that which approa( hes the nearest to
God; in other words, all that is best and
purest in man." And again he tells us
that "Nothing responds more infallibly
to the secret cry of goodness than the
goodness that is near.
Ah, yes, it is easy to believe that
"Something divine has happened," and
we know that "Somewhere our God
must have smiled," when Maurice Mae-
terlinck was born.
* * *
George W. Cable's new novel is
called "The Cavalier."
Jokai has written over three hundred
novels.
M. Rostand thinks that to adequately
describe the life of Sarah Bernhardt
"would need a new Homer built up of
Theophile Gautier, Jules Verne and Rud-
yard Kipling." And he says as much to
Jules Huret, who is the author of the
monograph on the celebrated actress.
Paul Lawrence Dunbar's second vol-
ume of short stories entitled "Stories of
Cabin and Cottonfield," will appear
some time this fall. He is writing an-
other novel which will not be completed
before next winter.
Phaon.
You came into my life unsought,
You called yourself my friend.
You made your friendship dear to me,
And now— is this the end?
You claimed my kindest thoughts and words,
Nay more — you asked for more.
And love's unselfish hand flung wide
My heart's long-bolted door.
Your presence brightened all my days,
And made my life complete.
I would have died to give you joy,
And counted death most sweet.
And you — how brief a dream may be!
Life is of dreams built up.
Who lives must dream, and dreaming drain
Love's sweet and bitter cup.
Ora.a.rv.
CONDUCTED BY DOWNING, HOPKINS & CO.
The speculative month has been re-
plete with incidents that have been con-
fusing to the speculative public and have
been somewhat puzzling to those who
have sought to follow the probable
course of events in the immediate future.
Chief among the recent developments is,
of course, the British-Boer war and its
influence on the money markets of the
world. The Boer ultimatum, which
proved, in effect, to be a declaration of
war, was without demoralizing influence
and appeared to have been pretty well
discounted in the money markets of the
world, dspite the fact that the Transvaal
has been contributing something like
$60, 000,000 a year to the available sup-
ply of gold. Views of the outlook in
that direction were unanimous in that
there could be but one result to such a
conflict, namely, decisive victory by the
British. Therefore it was contended that
the future was bright, in that the pres-
ent and recent suspense caused by the
Transvaal as a disturbing factor in the
financial situation, would be forever re-
moved. A war of two, three, or a half
dozen months was held to be preferable
to a continued state of anxiety induced
by the South African situation. The
trouble there, as affecting the financial
situation, had become chronic; and
while the time for settlement was inop-
portume from the financial view point,
yet the Boer ultimatum evoked a feeling
of relief, and) the monetary system at
London at once reflected an improved
tone. Consuls advanced, discount rates
became easier and for the last week the
Bank of England statement exhibited an
improvement in the reserve as compared
with its predecessor.
At this point the money market has
experienced rapid changes in sentiment.
Rates for call loans this week have been
very generally at or below the legal rate,
and, in the market for time money, lend-
ers have shown a disposition to be more
A.B.STEINBACH&CO.
Largest Clothiers
in the Northwest.
@
Highest Grade
Clothing
Hats and
Furnishings
FOR BOYS AND MEN
NEW LOCATION*^.*
COR. FOURTH and MORRISON STS.
Established 1882.
Open Day and Night.
^ E* House's Cafe *
ia8 Third Street
PORTLAND, OREGON
Clams and Oysters.
Home-Made Pies and Cakes.
Cream and Milk from Our Own Ranch.
The Best Cup of
Coffee and Chocolate in the City.
%
5
£
B
Kraner & Kramer,
....TAILORS....
228 Washington Street,
% 'Portland, - Oregon*
* #
******************************
THE FINANCIAL WORLD
43
liberal than they were a week ago. The
most important incident in this quarter
was the action of the Treasury Depart-
ment in determining to prepay the in-
terest due November i, and) also antici-
pate the interest on all bonds for the fis-
cal year ending July i, 1890, at a dis-
count of two-tenths of 1 per cent a
month. This step was responsible for a
temporarrily improved speculative feel-
ing, and a more cheerful tone through-
out the financial community. Second
thought, however, was not disposed to
regard the benefits to be derirved with
any great amount of satisfaction. The
offer of relief led to the direction of at-
tention to the cause of the present
stringency, and the fact that so little
could be done by the Department and
its unfortunately awkward system. Es-
timates of the total interest payments, if
all bond-holders took advantage of the
prepayment offer, were about $30,000,-
000.
Wheat market conditions continue
without notable change, the month clos-
ing with prices at Chicago at practically
the same position as a month ago, there
having been no unusual fluctuations dur-
ing this period. The government crop
report which at this time is expected to
indicate the preliminary estimate of yield
of wheat per acre, gives no light on the
question, pending a fuller investigation
than yet practicable. Until the indica-
tions heretofore evident are disturbed by
new evidence it will probably be fair to
regard the extent of the crop as approxi-
mately 525,000,000 bushels. There are
estimates considerably higher, but the
future course of events only can deter-
mine as to whether the higher or lower
calculations more nearly reflect the ex-
tent ot production.
The indications as presented by Eng-
lish statisticians are that European wants
will call for practically all of the suppos-
ed exportable surplus of wheat in this
country and Canada for the current year,
but the plentifulness of stocks now in
sight and available for a considerable
time to come operates to modify specula-
tive sentiment and to interfere with ex-
pectations of a rise in prices.
John H . Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commercial Block, PORTLAND, ORE.
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorneys at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
1
Library Association of Portland
24,000 Volumes and over aoo Periodicals.
$5.00 a Year and $1.50 a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS— From 9 A. M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Sundays
and holidays.
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK.
P. O. BOX 157.
TEL. MAIN 387.
RODNEY L GLISAN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
ROOM 420
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
Portland, Ore.
EDWARD HOLMAN
UNDERTAKER
EMBALMER and
FUNERAL DIRECTOR
Experienced
I<ady Assistant.
280 Yamhill St.
THE J. K. GILL CO.
BOOKSELLERS and STATIONERS
Third and Rider Sts.
Portland, Ore.
^O»0«O»C>»3»O«0«O»O«0»0» J»O»0»D»o«0»O«O»0«o«0»O»O» ,»0«O»0«gJ
..HATTERS AND FURNISHERS..
Sole Agents for
KNOX HATS
94 Third St. Portland, Or.
!K>0#0«°»°«°«°»°»°«o»c«c«o«o«o«o«o«c«o«o«o
•c«o«c»o«o«c«c»o)§
b&AAA<;««*44A
- v- C>-^>-^S-T>-'^^>--^-'S-ri-'55
CONDUCTED BY E. C. PROTZMAN.
The Gentleman's Game.
"It is a singular fact," says a writer in The
American Chess Magazine, "that while all
other games of chance or skill have at one
time or another been denounced by the clergy
of every faith, Chess alone has received their
approbation, and among the best players of
every land have been clergymen, priests, and
bishops."
We know at least one clerical club where
Chess is played, and ii is not an unusual
thing to see clergymen in the Chess-clubs of
the large cities. There are several reasons for
this "singular fact:" Chess is an intellectual
game. It demands concentration of thought,
and is really a deep and complicated study.
The objectionable features of many other
games are not found in it. It is preeminently
the gentleman's game, and the Code among
Chess-players prohibits everything that looks
like trickery or even suggests the gamester.
Those persons who object to Chess are
simply ignorant of its high character. Be-
cause it is a game, they class it with games
of chance, and condemn 't as fostering the
desire to win something, or, in other words,
the gambler's spirit. Not only clergymen,
but professional men everywhere, are inter-
ested in the game. This is especially the fact
in reference to physicians, lawyers, and pro-
fessors in institutions of learning. Chess is,
indeed ,the Royal Game, in every sense in
which we can contemplate it.
*
*
*
" Janowski
s Great Game."
Queen's Gambit Declined.
Steinitz.
Janowski.
White.
Black.
1.
P— Q 4
1.
P— Q 4
2.
P— Q B 4
2.
P— K 3
3.
Kt— Q B 3
3.
Kt— K B 3
4.
Kt— B 3
4.
B— K 2
5.
Q— B 2
5.
Castles
6.
P— K 4
6.
Px P
7.
Kt x P
7.
Kt— B 3
8.
B— K 3
8.
Kt x Kt
9.
Q x Kt
9.
P— B 4 (a)
10.
Q— Q 3
10.
P— B 5
11.
B— Q 2
11.
P-K4
12.
P x P
12.
P— K Kt 5
13.
Q— Kt 3 (b)
13.
Kt— Q 5
14.
Q— Q sq
14.
B x Kt (c)
15.
P x B
15.
R— B 4
16.
B— Q 3
16.
R x P ch
17.
B— K 4
17.
Q— Q 2
18.
B— B 3
18.
P— B 4
19.
Q— Q 3
19.
R— K sq
Why Suffer Longer?
NEARLY EVERYBODY has corns, but
very few people know what to do for
them.
SOME PEOPLE pare them, getting a little
temporary relief, but stimulating the
corn to twice as rapid growth. Plas-
ters sometimes relieve, but are in no
sense curative.
* IF YOU HAVE A CORN, you want to
know what will cure- There is a
clear and colorless fluid on the market
called
WILLAMETTE CORN CURE
which will positively remove corns and
leave a natural skin in theirplace. 25 cents
a bottle. For sale by all druggists, or by
the manufacturers,
Jj 'BOERICKE & cRJJNYON,
4 303 Washington St., Portland, Or.
«
'F99? »»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»» «
When in Need ^
Of Wall Paper, Room Mouldings, Paints,
Oils, Varnishes, Etc., get our
prices. We have only the
best in our line.
Pure Lead Pure Linseed Oil Pure Colors
E. H. MOOREHOUSE & CO.
305 ALDER ST., Opp. Meier & Frank's
Tel. Red. 541.
MENTION THE PACIFIC MONTHLY
CHESS.
45-
20.
21.
22
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
Castles Q R
K— Kt sq
B x P
B— K
K R-
B— Q
R— K
Q R-
(d)
4
K sq
5
4
K sq
20. Q
21. B
22. R
23. R
24. K
25. R
26. R
27. R
K— B sq (e)
P— R4
P— R 5
P— R 6
R x P
P x P ch
R (B4)— K 4
K— Q 2
K— K 3
P— B 4
B x R
R— K R sq
R— K 5
B— K 4
R x P ch
Resigns (f)
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34. Q
35. R
36.
37.
38.
39.
40. R
41. B
42. K
!— R 5
B3
K 2
.— Q Kt sq
. — R sq
.— Q2
— Q 3
(Q3)— Kt 3
-Q R3
-Q R 4
.— K B sq
x P
(B)— Q Kt sq
x P
— R 8 ch
x P ch
— K B sq
-R7
x B
TJ O
(B)— Q Kt sq
x Jtt
— Kt 2
Notes from the Field, London.
(a) A fine move in conjunction with the
subsequent P — K 4. Janowski plays with
wonderful lucidity.
(b) If 13 B— B 3, then 13 . , Kt— Kt 5; 14
Q — K 4, B — K B 4, anu wins. Janowski must
have foreseen all these variations, which
shows mm to be a player of great depth of
calculation.
(c) This hasty move spoils the combina-
tion. 14 . . , R — B 4 would have given him
a decisive advantage.
(d) White having had such a lucky escape
(as it appears), should not have tempted for-
tune by the capture of a Pawn that opens Q
Ki file. If he wanted a Pawn, why not B x
PchV
(e) The following beautiful variation shows
how far Steinitz looks into a game: Sup-
posing he had played the tempting 28 . . ,
B — B 7, the continuation might have been:
28 . . , R x P ch; 29 B x R, R x B ch; 30
K x R, Kx. — K 7 dis. ch, and mate must follow
in a few moves.
(if) A grand game, which is equally cred-
itable to winner and loser.
Emanuel Lasker in his first lecture on
Chess established four propositions concern-
ing openings: "(1) Don't move any piece twice,
but put it at once on the right square, line,
or file. (2) Don't move any Pawns except
the Q and K P. (3) Don't play your Q B be-
fore you have brought out your two Knights.
(4) Don't pin the adverse K Kt before your
opponent has Castled." — T.aterary Digest.
Entire New Stock jt Extra Large Selection*
High Grade Jewelry and Silverware.
THE (,, HEITKEMPER CO.
Diamond Merchants
and Jewelers
remember the new location
286 Morrison St.. Bet. 4th and 5th.
The whole world WHtlJ[ fHnk
miSTLETOE TEA
If people knew) how) good it is.
Sample free. Only at
HAINES' TEA STORE, 5th St., opposite P. 0.
\ In considering life insurance, get guaran- )
\ tees of other companies, then get ours.... S
) Then compare; this will convince you this \
\ statement is correct.
(<?• %e^t£&%0* t«?*b?* c?*
Pacific Mutual Life
Guarantees more insurance,
Pays larger annual cash dividends,
Greater paid-up values,
More pro-rata security than any other
American company. Rates the same.
Life and Accident Insurance.
ALBERT J. CAPRON, Gen' I Agt.
327-328-329-330 Marquam B!dg.
PATENTS
Quickly secured. OUR FEE DUE WHEN PATENT
OBTAINED. Send model, sketch or photo, with
description for free report as to patentability. 48 -PAGE
HAND-BOOK FREE. Contains references and full
information. WRITE FOR COPT OF OTJR SPECIAL
OFFER. It is the most liberal proposition ever made by
a patent attorney, and EVERY INVENTOR SHOULD
READ IT before applying for patent. Address :
H.B.WILLS0N&C0.
PATENT LAJVYERS,
LeDroitBidg.. WASHINGTON, D. C.
British yachtsmen for the past fifty years
— since the old America won the cup — have
striven to capture the prize so zealously
guarded by Americans. Sir Thomas Lipton
is the eighth British challenger, and the 1899
series represents the tenth effort made to re-
take the cup.
The following British yachtsmen have
come here with their yachts and have re-
turned sadder but wiser:
1870 — James Ashbury, Cambria.
1871 — James Ashbury, Livonia.
1876— Major Charles Gifford, Countess of
Dufferin.
1881— Capt. Alexander Cuthbert, Atalanta.
1885— Sir Richard Sutton, Genesta.
1886— Lieut. William Henn, R. N., Galatea
1887— James Bell. Thistle.
1893— Earl of Dunraven, Valkyrie II.
1895— Earl of Dunraven, Valkyrie III.
1899— Sir Thomas Lipton, Shamrock.
Next?
^ » *
"What salary would you expect?" asked
the theatrical manager.
"In the dinner scene," demanded the gift-
ed but gaunt tragedian who had applied for
a job, "is the meal served a real one?"
"It is."
"Then we will waive all discussion aa to
salary," replied the tragedian.
* * *
Don't worry.
Don't hurry. "Too swift arrives as tardy
as too slow."
"Simplify! Simplify! Simplify!"
Don't overeat. Don't starve. "Let your
moderation be known to all men."
Court the fresh air dav and night. "Oh,
if you knew what was in the air."
Sleep and rest abundantly. Sleep is na-
ture's benediction.
Spend less nervous energy each day than
you make.
Be cheerful. "A light heart lives long "
Tnink only healthful thoughts. "As a man
trtiinketh in his heart, so is he."
"Seek peace and pursue it.
"Work like a man; but don't be worked to
death."
Avoid passion and excitement. A moment's
anger may be fatal.
Associate with healthy people. Health is
contagious as well as disease.
Don't carry the whole world on your
shoulders, far less the universe. Trust the
Eternal.
Never despair. "Lost hope is a fatal dis-
ease."
W.*4
M>-*<
MEIER & FRANK
COMPANY oe <# #
FINEST LINES
OF WINTER FOOTWEAR
IN THE NORTHWEST
HEAVY SOLED SHOES
In Black and Tan j*
for Men, Women and
Children J> J> J> J>
Loiv 'Prices and Good 'Values
Guaranteed.
?***»»*i
k?9?*??i
The Highest Art
of making candy is used by Jolls
in producing- chocolates. They
have become popular because the
best of materials and most careful
methods are used in their manu-
facture. Only the highest possible
grade of imported German choco-
late is used, and the flavorings are
the pure juices of the fruit— no ex-
tracts whatever being employed.
Vienna cModel 'Bakery
BRANDES BROS., Prop's.
390 MORRISON STREET.
Choice Bread
Pastry and
Fancy Cakes.*.
Free Delivery.
Tel. North 151.
SCIENTIFIC MASSEUR J- J>
encute and Chronic Rheumatic Affections,
Nervous Diseases and Obesity successfully treat-
ed by Electricity, Massage, Dry Hot Air, and
Vapor 'Baths.
Phones —
•Office, Black 2857.
Residence, Black 691.
N. F. MELEEN. M G.
Office, 318-319 Marquam Bldg
'DRIFT.
47
Some people can hold a conversation
in pantomime, and some cannot. Of
the latter class is an army nurse, re-
cently returned from Cuba, who vows
that she will never again go to a country
whose language she does not under-
stand.
It was before hostilities had come to
a definite end that she was startled one
day by the unexpected visit of her Cu-
ban laundress. The woman was in-
tensely excited. Anxiety sat on her
brow, and sorrow dwelt in her eyes. She
gesticulated and she talked.
The nurse knew not a word of what
she said, but the pantomime filled her
with terror. The Cuban's hands seemed
to speak of an attack on the hospital —
of wounded men butchered and nurses
cut to ribbons. The nur&e was frantic.
She must know the worst.
In the hospital was an officer very ill
with typhoid fever. She knew he un-
derstood Spanish. Only in a matter of
life or death would she disturb him, but
this was obviously a matter of life or
death.
She led the Cuban woman to his bed-
side, and there the story was repeated.
The officer listened intently. The nurse
held her breath. The Cuban ceased. The
sick man turned his head on the pillows.
"She says, he whispered, feebly, "she
says that stripes in your pink shirt-
waist have run, and she doesn't knew
what to do with it."
"It is easy enough to be pleasant
When life flows along with a song;
But the man worth while,
Is the man who will smile,
\Vnen everything goes dead wrong."
P. fc>. — This applies to women also.
Drink less, breath \nore, —
Eat less, chew more —
Ride less, walk more —
Worry less, work more —
Write less, read more —
Waste less, give more —
Preach less, practice more. —
^a. ^- ^.
Queen Victoria, it is reported, has sent to
Emperor William a prized copy of her family
tree, showing King David at the top. A pet
idea entertained by the queen is that she is
descended from the Psalmist through Zede-
kiah's eldest daughter, and it is said that
Emperor William's conviction of his divine
origin is greatly due to his grandmother's
foible.
K C. GODDARD & CO
OREGONIAN BUILDING
Agents for
"Delsarte
SHOES
For Women.
Kid Lace, AA to E
@ $3.50.
I Bishop Scott Academy
< FOUNDED 1670.
'Primary, Preparatory and
cAcademic 'Departments.
A hoarding and Day School for Soys
cManual Training. SMilitary THscipline.
For catalogue or other information,
address the Principal,
J.W. HILL, M. D.( P. 0. Drawer 17, Portland, Or
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OP NEW BOOKS AND MAOAZINES
25 Cents per Month
♦ JONES' BOOK STORE *
281 Alder Street, Portland, Oregon
WANTED
A case of bad health that RI-PANS will not bene
fit. RIPAN S, loforscents.or u packets for 48 cents,
may be had of all druggists who are willing to sell a
low-priced medicine at a modern profit.
They banish pain and prolong life.
One gives relief Accept no substitute.
Note the word R-IPANS on the packet.
Send 5 cents to Ripans Chemical Co., No. 10 Spruce
St., New York, for 10 samples and 1000 testimonials.
THEY REGUUTE THE BOWELS.
THEY CURE SICK HEADACHE.
A SINGLE ONE GIVES RELIEF.
In the Pacific Northwest alone
The Pacific Monthly has over 20,000 readers each
month. Advertisers therefore find it a judicious
advertising medium.
A Free Trip to Paris!
Reliable persons of a mechanical or Inventive mind
desiring a trip to the Paris Exposition, with good
salary and expenses paid, should write
The PATENT RECORD, Baltimore, Md.
48
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
The Library Association, of Portland, de-
sires to obtain everything written on the
•early histsry of Oregon, also folk lore and
legends of the Indians of this region. Any-
one knowing of material of this nature will
do the institution and the public a great ser-
vice by making it known. All such matter
will be carefully preserved, and in a strictly
fire-proof building. The section devoted to
Oregon is always open to responsible persons
for reference work.
The Library Association will gladly pay all
charges of postage or express upon material
forwarded, and welcomes correspondence on
this most interesting subject. Letters ad-
dressed to the librarian will receive prompt
and grateful attention.
* * *
Ackers — Well, how am I today, doctor?
Dr. Healy — You are doing very well; very
well, indeed. You may sit up for a while to-
day.
Ackers — Thank you, doctor; that is good
news. By the way, may I enquire what your
bill is?
Dr. Healy — Presently, presently! You are
not so strong as you think.
* * *
Bliss Ahead.
"Von fare for the rroundt trip?"
asked the gentleman with the long coat
and nose to match. "That's what," said
the ticket agent, with the easy courtesy of
one accustomed to accommodating the pub-
lic. "Andt vill you tell me vich halluf off der
ride iss der free halluf, so I can enchoy it?"
Pat and his friend mike had killed a snake
in the fields. As the tail continued to osci-
late, Pat remarked to his friend: "And is
he dead, Mike, div ye think?" "Oh. yis,
sure," said Mike, "he's dead, but he ain't con-
scious of it yit."
* * *
Didn't Know.
Guest — (Attempting to carve) — What kind
of a chicken is this, anyhow?
Waiter — Dat's a genuine Plymouth Rock,
sah.
Guest (Throwing up both hands) — That ex-
plains it, I knew she was an old timer, but
I had no idea she dated back to the May-
flower. :
» * *
A Record Breaker.
Miles — There is a man over in that mus-
eum who has lived for forty days on water.
Giles — Pshaw! That's nothing. I have an
uncle who has lived for forty years on water.
Miles— Impossible!
Giles — Not at all. He's a sea captain.
* * *
"If," said the young lover, "love is mortal,
then I do not wish for immortality."
Cut-Rate
Druggists
**+♦ »♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»
1 S. G* Skidmore & Co* t
x
+
♦
t
We give special attention to Prescriptions and H
the selection of High Grade Bristle Goods. ♦
Jt ♦
151 THIRD STREET ^
Portland, Orvgon ♦
♦+♦+♦♦♦>♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦* ♦♦♦♦
» CHRYSANTHEMUMS
» CARNATIONS ***J>
POSES and VIOLETS
Finest Quality
at Reasonable Pi ices.
■CLRI3KE I5IX3S.
269 Morrison St.
MENTION THE PACIr'IC MONTHLY.
THF F1I F That Saves
I I IL I ILL 60 PerCent.
An entirely new process of filing safely
every paper in an office jt <£ ^t Jc
We will take your old Filing Case of
other makes in exchange jt Jt jt jt
The Kilham Stationery Co.
267 MORRISON ST., PORTLAND, OR.
MENTION THE PACIFIC MONTLHY
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
STOP! THINK!!
THE PORTLAND SANITARIUM
is fully equipped for treating all forms of Dis
eases, has the best of medical skill and thorough-
ly trained gentlemen and lady nurses. Is also
prepared to administer all forms of treatment
in the way of Baths— Electricity, Manual
Swedish Movements, Massage, etc., and
for using the many appliances that have been so
thoroughly tried by the parent institution lo-
cated at Battle Creek, Mich., the largest institu-
tion of the kind in the world.
For further information and terms, write
The Portland Sanitarium,
First and Montgomery Sts.,
Portland, Or. <fc
Amongst the minor ills of life I
One of the very <worst is laundry 'work that is badly done. It not only uses up the
cloth rapidly, but it destroys the temper and gives one an unsatisfactory appearance
•where finish is most needed. <£<£ Starched linen collars, shirts and cuffs must be un-
questionably immaculate, done <with no risk, a certainty as to result.
THE UNION LAUNDRY
has come to represent this to men <who make any effort at all to dress <weL. Those
'who have not tried us 'will find that it <will pay them to do so. Send a postal or tele-
vhone, and <we 'will call.
Telephones j Columbia^, UNION LAUNDRY COMPANY,
« p i Oregon, Aibina 4i. 53 Randolph Street.
♦ ♦ t v v-v ♦ + +♦♦♦^♦44'
!
Downing, Hopkins & Co.
BROKERS
Chicago
Board of Trade.
New York
Stock Exchange.
Continuous market quotations at principal centers of trade received
over our own wires. Branch offices at Seattle, Tacoma, Spokane,
Walla Walla, Colfax, Wash., Vancouver and Victoria, B. C.
CORRESPONDENCE INVITED.
Head Office,
Ground Floor, Chamber of Commerce,
Portland, Ore.
♦♦
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Tacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERT ISI1SG SECTION.
PORTLAND CENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
CARRIES A FULL LINE OF
MOTORS from One-half Horse Power Up
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kinds
of Machinery.
ARC and INCANDESCENT LIGHTING.
Electric and Bell Wiring: a Specialty.
Electric Supplies
SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
COR. SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
Insure your property <with the
Home Insurance Co,
....OfNeiv York
Cash Capital, $3,000,000.00.
The Great American Fire Insurance
Company.
Assets aggregating over $12,000,000.00, Ahh
available for American Policy Holders.
J. D. COLEMAN, General Agent,
JOHN H. BURGARD,
SPECIAL AGENT.
250 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OR.
CTA^ffi^^Sf
mmiwmwKR
^ 0ANK $ro*E * 0fncE R*"-"^
334 ALOtH ST.
E a. IRON
GRIIL WORK rOR {LEVATOR EHCL0SURTJ
P°RTlAr1l>.0re$oi\:
Wire and Iron Fencing,
Window Guards, Etc.
Tel. Black 196 J.
335 ALDER ST.
Tue BiDDiaoer- Frank Drug fio.
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
A*******£***£***AAA£******£*£A
«
W. J. THOMSON & CO.
First-class work in
HALF TONES
ZINC ETCHING
DESIGNING
ENGRAVING
I
^ 105^ First Street, Bet. Stsrk and Washington ^
*t> Portland, Oregon *
Artistic Effects in Photography <& «$ OB
<Are demanded now as never before. We have all of the
up-to-date methods for securing this result.
MOORE'S, Dekum Building, Portland, Or.
\y/e call for, sponge, press and deliver one suit of
your clothing each week for $1.00 per month.
SS^CJfvSf Unique Tailoring Co., 124 6th St.
When dealing vith our advertitcr$, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTH L Y— ADVERTISING SECTION.
«^merican]pndriL
COR. TWELFTH AND FLANDERS STS.
All Orders Promptly Executed. Telephones— 851 Both Companies.
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
BTIJTTEIR. AND GHEXELSSEl
Telephone 371..
105, 107, I07i THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦MM
Why Wait
till Christmas
to secure the presents you wish to
give to your friends? A postal card
request will bring you a sample
copy of the
HOME JOURNAL
which will tell you how to secure
many beautiful and valuable presents
? absolutely free
4-
In addition to these magnificent
premiums, each subscriber you se-
cure will receive choice of 200 books,
by standard authors, handsomely
bound, which alone is worth the
price of subscription.
J*
Write to-day to the
Journal Publishing Co.,
408 California St., San Francisco.
♦ ♦'♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦MM*
When dealing with our advertiser.*,
♦
♦ ■• W. CORBKTT
♦ Vice President
A J- W. KlWKIRK
-*■ Asst. Cashier
G. E. Within gt on
Cashier
W. C. Alvord
2d Asst. Cashier
First
National Bank
COR.
PORTLAND, OREGON
FIRST AND WASHINGTON STS.
Capital,
Surplus,
$500,000.00
650,000.00
I
+
t
I
I
♦
Designated Depositary, and Financial
Agent, United States.
kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
♦♦*-<♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦4 ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ +
| W.C. Noon Bag Co. {
INCORPORATED 1893.
Manufacturers and Itnporters of T
X Bags, Twines, Tents and Awnings, X
X Flags and Mining Hose. X
BAG PRINTING X
"♦ A SPECIALTY. "T"
$ 32-34 First St. North and 210-212-214-216 Couch St. f
ff *
+ Portland, Oregon. ♦
♦ ♦
******************************
*
•* H H WRITiHT sheet music &
s n. n. w^iuni AT half price *
+ >
J General Musical Merchandise J
4b . <*>
4 Sole Agent for f
J The Celebrated "REGAL" Guitars and Mandolins £
* 'REGINA" Music Boxes and "Gramophones.," J»
J 335 Washington St., Cor. Seventh g
V.. ft.
c4 Gooc/ sfocfc of records
to select from.
DID YOU EVER THINK
that a man is known by the clothes he wears? It is true —
HE IS. A man cannot afford then to dress shabbily, carelessly,
or in poor taste — not when perfect fitting garments and perfect
style and the best goods are at his command at a very reason-
able price. If you want to take advantage of this fact come to our
store and let us talk it over with you. We are sure to suit you.
177 fourth street I. D. BOYER, Merchant Tailor.
Y. M. C. A. Building.
9
i
Oregon Phone
Clay 931.
Columbia
Phone 307.
TEllis printing Co.
ESTABLISHED IN 1887.
PRINTERS
PUBLISHERS
STEREOTYPERS
c/lnything in the Printing line, from a card to a catalogue.
105 FIRST STREET,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—A D VER TISING SECTION. ix
A Word with Eastern Advertisers
The 'Pacific c^prthvoest is one of the best fields in the United States for judicious
advertising. The country is rich and prosperous, crops ne'ber fait, and the popula-
tion is steadily increasing, o%>ing to the steady influx from less favored regions.
Unquestionably a desirable field to reach.
THE FIELD IN WHITE IS THE FIELD OF THE PACIFIC MONTHLY
The Pacific Monthly
Coders this field exclusively. Others may dabble in it. The Pacific SMonthly covers it.
cAs for circulation, the Pacific SMmthly is one of the few magazines %est of the Miss-
issippi that guarantees circulation. Our svjorn statement is as follovjs :
Average per month, during the last eight months
Highest single issue
lowest single issue
5435 copies.
6500 copies.
5000 copies.
-*-y^~
-#— i {-
Our rates are unusually low. It will pay any advertiser wishing to reach this field
and the entire Pacific Coast at one and the same time, to drop us a
postal. Let us tell you more about it. We can make
it worth your while. Address
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY,
Chamber of Commerce,
"PORTLAND, OREGON
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
"►+♦♦♦"
S\ 2 Overland Trains Daily 2 (Si
THE-
:
YELLOWSTONE PARK \ DINING GAR LINE.
...When going to the...
BUFFALO HUMP MINING COUNTRY,
™T£HE NORTHERN PAOFICS^
Direct service to the GOLD FIELDS of British Columbia,
via SPOKANE, WASH.
Tickets sold to all points
in the United States and Canada.
Telephone Main 244.
A. D. CHORLTON,
Assistant General Passenger Agent,
255 Morrison St., Cor. Third,
Portland, Oregon.
*»♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»»♦♦♦♦<
i
x
THE MAGNIFICENT 5CENERY
OF
COLUMBIA RIVER
The most beautiful in the world, can best be seen
from the steamers "DAWES CITY" and
"REGULATOR" of the
"REGULATOR LINE"
DO NOT MISS THIS.
Steamers leave Portland, Oak St. Dock, 7 a. m., daily,
except Sunday, for The Dalles, Cascade Locks, Hood
River and way landings.
C. G. THAYER, Agt..
Oak St. Dock, Portland.
(Phone 914.)
W. C. ALLAWAY,
Gen Agt ,
The Dalles, Or.
Ore— PHONES 734— Col.
Model Laundry Company
308 MADISON STREET,
Between Fifth and Sixth
PORTLAND, OREGON
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly
THE ONLY LINE
—OFFERING-
TWO Routes from Portland.
THREE Routes through Colorado.
FOUR Routes east thereof.
The Grandest Mountain Scenery in America
by daylight.
Personally conducted tourist excursions
through to the east without change of cars.
Free Reclining Chair Cars in all trains.
New and Elegant Equipment.
Perfect Dining Car Service.
STOPOVER IN UTAH OR COLORADO
GRANTED ON AI,Iv CLASSES OF TICKETS.
No trouble to answer questions.
M.J.ROCHE, J.D.MANSFIELD.
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
253 Washington St., Portland, Oregon.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Columbia River & Puget Sound Navigation Co.
Portland and Astoria
Steamers Telephone or Bailey Gatzert leave foot Alder
Street daily (except Sunday), 7 A.M.
Leave Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
TJ. B. SCOTT, President
Astoria aniEMa fell Tiaa M
WINTER SCHEDULE— Daily.
Train No. 22 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 1 1 :3o a. m.
Train No. 24 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at 10:30 p. m.
Return
Train No. 21 leaves Astoria at 7:45 a m., arrives in
Portland at 11:15 a m.
Train No. 23 leaves Astoria at 6:10 p. m., and arrives
in Portland at 9:40 p. m.
Train No. 22 runs through to Seaside, leaving Sea-
side on the return ai 2:30 p. m .
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on tlie Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia River R. R Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:00 p. m., arriving at
Astoria at 11:30 a. m. and 11:10 p. m. Leaving for Sea-
side at 11:33 a. m.
[1ST ) * SOUTHERN
via PACIFIC
COMPANY
AND..
*
LEAVK
* 8 30 a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
I 7 30 a.m.
I 450p.m.
Depot, Fifth and I Sts.
f OVERLAND EX--)
PRESS, for Salem,
Roseburg, Ashland,
Sacramento, Ogden,
San Francisco, Mo-
jave, Los Angeles, El I
Paso, New Orleans j
,and the East. J
Roseburg Passenger
( Via Woodburn for")
I Mt. Angel, Silverton,
<( West Scio, Browns- )■
|ville, Springfield J
[and Natron. J
Corvallis Passenger
Independence Pass'ng'r
ARRIVE
9 15 a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
t 550 p.m.
t 8 25 a. m.
* Daily, t Daily except Sunday.
Direct connection at San Franci co with Occi-
dental and Oriental and Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND CHINA. Sailing dates
on application.
Rates and tickets to eastern points and Eu-
rope, also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA, can be obtained from J. B.
KIRKLAND, Ticket Agent, 134 Third St.
Yamhill Division : — Passenger Depot foot of
Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a. m.;
12:30, 1:55, 3:25, 5:15, 6:25, 8:05, 11:30 p. m., and 9:00
a. m. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland
■daily at 6:35*, 8:30, 10:50* a. m; 1:35, 3:15, 4=3°. 6:20»
7:40, 9:15 p. m.; 12:40 a. m. daily except Monday
and 10:05 a. m. o 1 Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, exeept Sunday, at
4:30 p. m. Arrive at Portland at 9:30 a. m.
Leave for Airlie Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridavs at 8:35 a. m. Arrive at Portland Tues-
days, "Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
* Except Sunday
«, KOEHLER, C. H. MARKHAM,
Manager. den. F. & P. Agt
GO EAST VIA
Oregon Short Line Railroad
THE DIRECT ROUTE TO
Montana, Utah, Colorado
and all Eastern and Southern Points.
Affording- choice of two routes, via the UNION
PACIFIC East Mail Line or the RIO
GRANDE Scenic Lines through Colorado.
LOOK AT THE TIME
I i DAYS TO SALT LAKE
1\ DAYS TO DENVER
34 DAYS TO CHICAGO
44 DAYS TO NEW YORK
Free Reclining Chair Cars, Upholstered Tour-
ist Sleeping Cars, and Pullman Palace Sleep-
ers operated on all trains.
C. O,
For further information, apply to
TERRY, W. E- COMAN,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
124 Third St., Portland, Or.
0. R. & N.
Depart
TIME SCHEDULES
FROM PORTLAND.
Arrivk
Fast Mail
8:00 p. m.
Salt Lake, Denver, Ft.
Worih, Omaha, Kan-
sas City, St. Louis,
Chicago and East.
Fast Mail
645 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
2:10 p. m.
Walla Walli, Spokane,
Minneapolis, St. Paul,
Duluth, Milwaukee,
Chicago and East.
Spokane
Flyer
8:30 a. m.
d:oo p. m.
Ocean. Steamships.
All sailing dates subject
to change.
For San Francisco —
Sail every five days.
4:00 p. m.
8:00 p. m.
Ex. Sun day
Saturday
10:00 p. m.
Columbia River
St< amers.
To Astoria and Way
Landings.
4:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
6:00 a. m.
Ex. Sunday
Willamette Rivr.
Oregon City, Newberg,
Salem & Way Landings
4:30 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
7:00 a. m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Willamette and
Yamhill Riv^rg,
Oregon City, Dayton
and Way Landings.
3:30 p. m.
Mon. Wed.
and Fri.
6:00 a. m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Willamftte River.
Portland to Corvallis
and Way Landings.
4:30 p: m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Lv.Riparia
1:45 a. m.
Daily
Ex. Sat.
Snake Rirer.
Riparia to Lewiston.
Lv. Lewis-
ton 5 45
a. m. daily
Ex. Friday
V. A. SCHILLING W. H. HURLBURT,
City Ticket Agt., Gen'l. Pass. Agt.
254 Washington St., Portland. Ore.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
p«^- *-^^^^^-StS>S-S^^^^^^S^5'S-^-^St^55-S5 ^5? ?i
1 he Right Road &
$k
%
$
Is the Great Rock Island
Route. J- J- J- J-
Dining car service the
best, elegant equipment,
and fast service J> J- J*
For further information
address
A. E. COOPER, General Agent, |
Pass. Dept. »
246 Washington Street, Z
$ PORTLAND, & OREGON. %
The Favorite Transcontinental l^oute Between
the Northwest and all Points East
Choice of Two Routes Through the FAMOUS
^^ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY
Aud Four Routes Bast of Pueblo and Denver
All Passengers granted a day stop-over in
the Mormon Capitol or anywhere between
Ojden and Denver. Personally conducted
Tourist Excursions three days a week to
OMAHA, KANSAS CITY, ST. LOUIS,
CHICAGO and the EAST.
For Tickets and any Information regarding Rates,
Routes, etc., or for Descriptive Advertising Matter,
call on Agents of Oregon Railway & Navigation
Co. Oregon Short Line or Southern Pacific
Companies.
S. K. HOOPER, R. C. N1CHOL,
Geu. Pass. & Ticket Agt. Gen. Agt., 251 Wash tt
DENVER, COL. PORTLAND, ORE.
Luxurious 1 ravel
THE "North-Western Limited" trains,
electric lighted throughout, both inside
and out, and steam heated, are, with-
out exception, the finest trains in the world.
They embody the latest, newest and best
ideas for comfort, convenience and luxury
ever offered the traveling public, and al-
together are the most complete and splen-
did production of the Car Builders' art.
THESE SPLENDID TRAINS
CONNECT WITH
The Great Northern
The Northern Pacific and
The Canadian Pacific
AT ST. PAUL, FOR
CHICAGO and the EAST.
No extra charge for these superior accommo-
dations and all clashes of tickets are available for
passage on the famous" North-western Limited."
All trains on this line are protected by the Inter-
locking Block system.
W. H. MEAD,
GEN'L AGENT,
The Norh-Wesern Line
PORTLAND, OR.
911 competition
As regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
JUST THINK!
3^ days with no change to Chicago
4.J^ days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN:
Trains are Illuminated by Plntsch Gas,
run Into Union Depots, and Baggage-
Is checked through to Destination.
Lowest Rates.
For Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
J. H. LOTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. A genu.
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
When dealing with our advei risers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
Do You Like ^ ^ ^
A Luxurious Meal?
jtjUjtjtjKJtJt
"TIGER BRAND"
Pure Spices
"OUR BEST"
Roasted Cof fee
"KUSALANA"
Ceylon Tea
...cAre Items...
«£%£<£ ^cvhich will aid materially <£u*«£
ASK YOUR GROCER FOR
.•.THEM-
THE FIRST TIME YOU SEE HIM.
cManufactttred and
Sold by J* > J*
CORBITT & MACLEAY CO.
Portland, Oregon.
n
J
COLDEN WEST \ DEVERS' BLEND
Baking Powder J COFFEE
6^* ^* 10*
5 The World's Finest.
HONEST POWDER 5
<£ *t *l <
AT A
N HONEST PRICE 5
•J To insure getting the genuine,
«* buy in sealed packages
Not Made by a Trust. jt only.
CLOSSET & DEVERS.
RUSSELL & CO.
A. H. AVERILL,
MANUFACTURERS OF
High Grade,
Engines, Boilers,
Saw Mills,
Threshers...
Estimates furnished on Stearn Plants of all Sizes and for
any purpose. Write for Catalogues.
RUSSELL & CO., - Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our m4vtrtUtr$, Mnrfiy mention The Paei/le Monthly.
Dr. David Starr Jordan
On "THE MEANING OF HUMAN EXISTENCE;'
DECEMBER/*^
10 CENTS
A COPY-
PACIFIC-MONTHLY PUBLISHING CO., 0NE DOLLAR
PORTLAND, OREGON. <fe ^ YEAR-
<DR. DAVID STARR JORDAN
on "The Meaning of Hum-in Existence."
DR. GEO. WHITAKER
on "Some Suggestions on Domestic Economy."
H. W. STONE
on "T<wo Reasons Why the Industrial Classes
are out of Touch <with the Church."
ELLA HIGGINSON, a Poem and Short Story.
CAPTAIN HARRY L. WELLS
on " The Oregon 'Trait."
JUDGE A. H. "TANNER
on "<A Trip to SMount Hood."
SAM L. SIMPSON
Conclusion of Story: "Maya, the Medicine Girt"
LAURA ADELE DUTRO
on "cA Twentieth Century 'Problem."
H. S. L Y&vMNon The Indian "Arabian Nights."
Short Stories, and interesting 'Departments for the
Home, the 'Politician and the business man. Thoughts
and subjects for the leisure hour.
"A TRIP TO MOUNT HOOD," by Judge A. H. Tanner.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
CARRIES A FULL LINE OF
MOTORS from One-half Horse Power Up
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kinds
of Machinery.
ARC and INCANDESCENT LKiHTINO.
Electric and Bell Wiring a Specialty.
Electric Supplies
SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
COR. SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
GOODYEAR RUBBER COMPANY.
We carry in stock a complete assortment of RUBBER GOODS OP EVERY DESCRIPTION.
ANY STYLE. ANY SIZE. ANY QUANTITY.
Jtjljt
MACKINTOSHES
Crack Proof...
...Snag Proof
RUBBER
BOOTS
Druggists*
Rubber
Goods
j*j*j*
BOOTS AND SHOES
"GOLD SEAL"
BELTING
\ PACKING
S 1
AND HOSE
Rubber
and OH
i i_
Clothing
«s& M
J*J*J*
R. H. PEASE. Vice-President and Manager.
73 and 75 FIRST STREET, Jt PORTLAND, OREGON.
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦<
♦
♦
>♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»»♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦»»♦
WISDOM'S RQBERTINE
Is a hygienic preparation for the skin. It BEAUTIFIES
and PRESERVES the COMPLEXION.
It removes Blotches, Pimples, Tan, Sunburn, Freckles,
and all other Blemishes, and MAKES A BEAUTIFUL
COMPLEXION.
It also makes Pearly Teeth, a Sweet Stomach and
Pure Breath.
a
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦t »♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦>♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦t.
"Why The Pacific Coast Produces the Superior Type of Americans. M
This interesting question will be treated in the January issue of The Pacific Monthly,
by COL. E. HOFER, of Salem, Oregon.
BOUND COPIES OF VOLS. I and II, IN LINEN, $1.00 EACH.
The Pacific Monthly.
(The entire contents of this Magazine are covered by the general copyright, and articles must not be reprinted '.
without special permission.)
CONTENTS FOR DECEMBER, 1899.
Mount Hood, Oregon , frontispiece
A Trip to Mount Hood Judge <A. H. Tanner 51
"Peace on Earth?" (Poem) Lischen €M. SMiller 58
The Oregon Trail Captain H. L. Wells 59
The Weaver ....... Ella Higginson. 62,
Christmas Tyde in Merrie England (Poem) Eva Emery 'Dye 62
Maya, The Medicine Girl (Concluded) Sam L. Simpson 63
A Twentieth Century Problem Laura cAdele Dkttro 65
The Indian ** Arabian Nights" H. S. Lyman 70
While the Ship Sailed (Short Story) ■ . F. von Kettler. 72
DEPARTMENTS:
OUR POINT OF VIEW (Editorial) 76
The Rose of Day (Poem) , , Ella Higginson 77
MEN AND WOMEN—
The Meaning of Human Existence D>r. David Starr Jordan 78
(Third article in the series.) President of Stanford University.
When Edwardina Plays (Poem) C. H. Sholes 79
THE HOME-
Some Suggestions on Domestic Economy Dr. Geo. Whitaker. ••••-.• 80
President of Portland University.
Her Voice (Poem) W. CB. W. 81
BOOKS : . . , 82
In the Mind's Domain (Poem) , Valentine <Brocivn 83
THE IDLER 84
Two Answers (Poem) Florence SMay Wright 84
QUESTIONS OF THE DAY—
Two Reasons Why the Industrial Classes are out of
Touch with the Church H. W. Stone : . . 85
Secretary Portland, Oregon, Y. M. C. A.
THE MONTH : 86
In Politics, Science, Literature, Art, Education, and
Religious Thought, with Leading Events.
THE FINANCIAL WORLD : 90
CHESS 92
DRIFT 94
Terms:— $1,00 a year in advance; 10 cents a copy. Subscribers should remit to us in P. O. or express
money-orders, or in bank checks, drafts, or registered letters.
Agents for The Pacific Monthly are wanted in every locality, and the publishers offer unusual in-
ducements to first-class agents. Write for our terms.
Manuscript sent to The Pacific Monthly will not be returned after publication unless definite in
structions to that effect with stamps accompany letters enclosing manuscript.
Address all correspondence, of whatever nature, to
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. CO.,
Chamber of Commerce, PORTLAND, OREGON.
Copyrighted 1899 by William Bittle Wells.
Entered at the Postoffice at Portland, Oregon, as second-class matter.
The publishers of The Pacific Monthly will esteem it a favor if readers of the Magazine will .kindly
mention The Pacific Monthly when dealing with our advertisers.
Read "OUR TALKS WITH THE PUBLIC" on next page.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Our Talks with the Public
READ, PONDER AND CONSIDER
I.
The Pacific Monthly begins this month a series of twelve talks with the public
on "Advertising." The publishers have been led to adopt this course because they
believe that advertising is an art that is appreciated by the advertiser himself, but,
as a rule, given too little thought or consideration by the general public. This con-
dition of affairs, however, has been undergoing a rapid change during the past few
years. The Pacific Monthly wishes, in relation to itself at least, to hasten the pro-
cess— hence these talks. The first one is on
THE MEANING OF ADVERTISING.
Advertisers do not, in the first place, advertise for the fun
of the thing. A firm's announcements are printed with a defi-
nite purpose — a purpose that, when rightfully considered, is
just as important as the purpose of the publishers themselves
in bringing before the public THEIR wares or productions as
represented in the body of the magazine.
Which may lay claim to the most serious consideration is
a question, though the unthoughtful may hastily pass by the
"ads." There is no greater mistake, however, than this, that
can be made in relation to magazine reading and buying.
Just as one who should neglect to keep in touch with the
thought and feeling of the day as represented in the magazines
would soon find himself woefully behind the times, and unable
to take part in a fairly enlightened conversation, so the house-
wife who is on the alert for economical and advantageous
purchases; the business man, the farmer who wishes to be up-
to-date in his methods and means of production; the lawyer,
the physician, the minister, all, in fact, who aim to keep in
touch with business, its progress and possibilities, and who
have an eye to economic conditions and commercial possibilities
—must either read the announcements of the commercial world
as represented in the advertising pages of a magazine or find
themselves very often "at sea."
So thoroughly was Gladstone impressed with this fact that
he gave it as his opinion that it is more important to read the
advertisements than it is to read the body of the magazine.
The advertisement has a distinct message to every reader that he cannot afford
to pass by. Take the advertisements in this number of The Pacific Monthly — they
have a message to every class, but especially to the homemaker and business man.
A careful investigation will convince you that this is true. Read them. Notice the
expressions used, the ideas put forth, and you will find that you have spent your
time in an interesting and profitable way. If you find something that you want,
get it — and mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVER1ISING SECTION.
A List of the Firms which make their
ANNOUNCEMENTS in THE PACIFIC MONTHLY
92
96
5
American Laundry Turn to page 9 adv. section.
Astoria and Columbia River R. R " " " 13 " "
Buffum & Pendleton— Hatters and Furnishers
Barnes Market Co.— Butter, Oysters, Game, Fruit, etc
Blumauer-Frank Drug Co.— Wholesale Druggists ,
Boyer, I. D.— Merchant Tailor
Blue Mou tain Ice and Fuel Co
Boericke & Runyon — Willamette Corn Cure
Clarke Bros.— Florists
"California Combination"— Sanitary Suits for Baby. . .
Ctosset & Devers Coffee, Go'den West Baking Powder Turn to back of Magazine cover
Corbitt & Macleay Co.— Kusalana Tea Turn to 3rd page of cover
Columbia Telephone Co Turn to page 4 adv. section
Coast Agency Co —Typewriters, etc Turn to page 91
Downing, Hopkins & Co. — Brokers Turn to page 8 adv. section
Denver & Rio Grande R. R " " " 14 " "
Ellis Priming Co " " " 10 " "
Emmons, A. C. & R. W.— Attorneys-at-Law " " " 91
First National Bank " " " 9 ,; "
Goodyear Rubber Co Turn to 2d page of cover
Goddard, E. C & Co. Shoes Turn to page 95
Glisan, R. L.— Attorney-at-Law " " " 9I
Gill, J. K. Co.— Booksellers ' 91
Great Rock Island Route Turn to page 14 adv. section
Heitkemper, G. & Co — Jewelers Turn to page 93
Henrichsen, L. C. & Co.— Jewelers " " « 92
Holman, Edward— Funeral Director " " " gl
Haines' Tea Store " " " 53
Home Insurance Co Turn to page 5, adv. section
Tnman, Poulsen & Co. — Lumber
Jolls — Chocolates
Journal Publishing Co
Jones' Book Store
Kilham Stationery Co
Kraner & Kramer — Tailors
Kore- Ballard Engraving Co
Ladd & Tilton— Bankers
Library Association
Meleen, N. F — Scientific Masseur
Mitchell & Tanner — Attorneys-at-Law
Model Laundry
Meier & Frank
Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Co
Noon, W. C. Bag Co
Nau, Frank — Druggist
Northern Pacific Railroad ,
Northwestern Line
Oreeon Railway and Navigation Co...
Oregon Short Line Railroad
Penn Mutual Life Insurance Co
Pacific Mutual Life Insurance Co
Patent Record — Monthly Magazine. . . .
Portland Sanitarium
Portland General Electric Co
9
95
96
90
95
5
95
98
91
12 adv. section
94
6 adv. section
14
13
13
4
93
95 ^
7 adv. section
2d page of cover
Portland Wire and Iron Works '. Turn to page 5 adv. section
Pacific Monthly " " " 11 " "
Rio Grande Western Ry " " " 12 " "
Regulator Line " " " 12 " "
Ripans Tabules " " " 95
Russell & Co.— Engines, Boilers, Etc Turn to 4th page of cover
Richet Co. —Groceries, etc Turn to page 97
96
89
13 adv. section
94
90
4 adv. section
6 "
5 "
97
4 adv. section
to
14 '•
97
98
93
2 of cover
13 adv. section
Ssidmore, S. G. & Co. — Druggists
Steinbach, A. B. & Co.— Clothiers
Southern Pacific Co
Smith, W. G. & Co.— Card Engravers.
Silverfield Fur Mfg. Co
Telephone Index
Title Guarantee and Trust Co
Thomson, W. J. & Co
L^nion Laundry
United Typewriter and Supplies Co
Unique Tailoring Co
Union Pacific Railroad
United States National Bank
Vienna Model Bakery
Willson, H. B. & Co —Patents
Wisdom's Robertine
White Collar Line
IV
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
U:
se-
THE TELEPHONE INDEX
<A time saber for business men, and the only Index pub-
lished giving both Companies numbers,
PRICE, $2.00 PER YEAR.
For Advertising Space or Subscription, address
G. H. AYDELOTTE,
No. 5 Raleigh Bldg., Portland, Ore.
Telephones
Oregon Main 816.
Columbia 23S.
r
I Perfect
[Telephone
I Service
HHMtl'UMHMlf'WMl'ni'liMWHiHU1
CAN BE OBTAINED ONLY
...Through a Complete...
Metallic Circuit For Mch ^^^- ™*
— No Party Lines.
THE COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY
Alone has these Advantages.
OFFICES, 606-607 Oregonian Building, PORTLAND, OREGON.
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" Trie Policy Holders' Company "
THE NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
lit A Cash Surrender Yalne. 2d A Loan equal in amount to the Cash Value.
Sd Extended Insurance for the Fall amount of Policy, without the request of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-up Policy
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
737, 738 & 739 Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
BALL-Bearing Type-Bar Joints and Fixed
Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unimpair-
able Alignment, Lightest Key Action. The 1
Most Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work.
Carriage locks at end of line, protecting the 1
writing. Compact Shift Keyboard. Numer-
ous Handy Features. Address for full par-
ticulars,
United Typewriter & Supplies Co.
No. 333 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859 ,
Transact a General Banking Business
Special Attention Given to
Collections
jporix,a.;lv:d, oregox
The Californian Combination
A New Sanitary Suit for Baby in Short Clothes
A unique pattern for waist and drawers in one piece with stocking supporter attachment. It fur-
nishes complete protection to the body in flannel, dispenses with bands, petticoats and numerous pin* and
buttons. i
For Bathing and Gymnasium Costume Unexcelled
For full description see Trained Motherhood, this number.
Pattern with full directions will be mailed upon receipt of 25 cents. Sizes one and two-year old. The
garments in shrunk flannel, natural and while, will be sent upon receipt of $1.00. Apply for patterns, cir-
culars and sample garments to Mrs. H. OTIS BRUM, Stanford University, California.
iV&OOGGO&e&V&C^^
Insure your property ivitb the
Home Insurance Co,
.... Of New York
Cash Capital. $3,000,000.00.
The Great American Fire Insurance
Company.
Assets aggregating over $ 12.000.000 00. ALL
available for American Policy Holders.
J. D. COLEMAN, General Agent,
OHN H. BURGARD,
* SPECIAL AGENT.
250 Stark Street,
POK fLAND, OR.
/«*• J
334 ALDER SI.
TfTAl WIRE h IRON
GRILL WORK rctt (LEVATOR CKCIOSURD
P?(mAr,l>.0re$oi\:
Wire and Iron Fencing,
Window Guards, Etc.
Tel. Black 1961.
335 ALDER ST.
*£******£o!***********A*£A****£
He BiumauGr-FrenR Drug Go.
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
W. J. THOMSON & CO.
First-class work in
HALF TONES
ZINC ETCHING
DESIGNING
ENGRAVING
* 105 Yz First Street, Bet. Stark and Washington *
J Portland, Oregon £
When dealing with our ac v.rtisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly
vi THE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—A D VER TISING SECTION.
MORTGAGE LOANS
On Improved
Portland City Property
In sums from $500 to $500,000 at tcfoest current interest rate*.
*l*|4-f Ap Abstracted and Insured against
I I LIC^ Defect or Loss.
TrtlStS Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND TRUST CO.
FIND US IN OUR NEW OFFICES,
FOURTH STREET ENTRANCE
wm. m. ladd, president. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING,
J. THORBURN ROSS, Manager.
T. T. BURKHART, ASST. SECRETARY. PORTLAND, ORE.
44MM4 ♦■♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»
I A way to
I Make Money
It is truly said that "a dollar saoed is a dollar earned."
If a dollar means anything to you, then you should buy
$your life insurance from the Mutual Benefit ;
Life Insurance Go. of Newark, N. J. It is the
only Company that puts FOUR guarantees in the
policy, beginning toith the SECOND year. Send for
sample policy to
RICHARD H. PICKERING,
State Agent,
The Chambers, Oregon, idaho and Montana.
Third and Alder Sts., PORTLAND, OR.
4»»4»4MM»»MMtMMMMMttt4tt4ttMt»ttM»tMMMMt»Mtt'
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
>3
&*
The Pacific Monthly.
Vol. in.
"DECEMBER, 1899.
ZKo. 2.
A Trip to Mount Hood.
<By JUDGE cA. H. TANNER.
WITH the warm breezes of the
opening summer days there
comes a desire for a change of
scene, a yearning for that abandon
which can only be found in nature's
more secluded haunts.
What a blessed comfort it is, when
this feeling takes hold of one, to shake
off the dust and dirt of the city, to leave
behind its hot pavements and gloomy
walls, and hurry off to some cool,
breezy nook, among the mountains be-
side the many streams and lakes, which
like jewels deck our Western slope!
Man, after all, is a child of nature. He
builds cities and palatial residences and
all that, but when he wants peace, rest,
rejuvenating he hies himself to the
mountains, or the ocean, away from
life's foibles and conventionalities, back
to its real simplicity.
It is the purpose of this article to de-
scribe such an outing last summer at
Mount Hood, and give our readers an
opportunity to live it over again with us.
The trip to Mt. Hood has been so
often written about and described from.
so many different standpoints that it
seems impossible to say anything new,
and yet each party making the ascent of
the mountain has experiences and gets
impressions of its grandeur worth re-
lating.
We had talked about and planned for
the trip for a whole year and when, on
July ioth, 1899, we started, a merrier
or more determined party never set out
for the land of perpetual snow.
It was "Mt. Hood or bust" with us.
We had our own teams with all neces-
sary equipage, and went leisurely, camp-
ing wherever night overtook us. Our
route was along the section line road to
Gresham by way of Pleasant Home, and
on to Sandy postoftice, thence to Rev-
enues on Salmon River, thence to the
toll gate, and thence to Government
Camp. A mile this side of the toll gate
we struck camp by a beautiful stream,
and enjoyed some fairly good fishing.
From the toll gate on the road is rough
and hilly with the hills all one way, lead-
ing to higher and higher elevations.
The scene is one of grand confusion.
Rocks and boulders, huge and ragged,
lie strewn over the surface on every
hand; deep, yawning ravines lie in the
shadow of mountains thousands of feet
high, bearing upon their brows trees
beaten out of symmetry by the vio-
lence of the winds. The forest and
vegetation becomes thinner and more
scattered, and the trees more scrubby as
if the brimstone from eld Hood had
withered their energies. Sometimes our
eyes rested on a great white scar of
broken calcorious rock, on which the
moss cannot srrow and the lizzards dare
not creep. Then we see a cliff beetling
far aloft, its crest streaked with snow.
The streams, particularly the Zi^-Zag
and Still Creek, come leaping through
the gorges with tremendous velocitv,
carrying everything before them. As
we sat beside the Zig-Zag at our" lunch-
eon, we could hear the great boulders
chink their heads together as they were
being carried down by the waters of that
52
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
swift and turbulent stream. The Zig-
Zag and Still creeks parallel each other
for several miles, and finally empty into
the Sandy River. At several places they
come very near together, so much so that
at one point one might stand on the
ridge between them and cast a fly into
either stream. The roaring of their swift
waters is almost deafening. The occas-
ional screech of the bluejay or the loud
hammering of the woodpecker on some
dead tree is all one hears indicative of
life in the vast solitude.
After leaving Revenues, Mt. Hood was
shut out from our view for a long dis-
tance by intervening mountains until
we reached a sort of backbone several
miles beyond the toll gate, when
suddenly the peak stood revealed
to us again in all his grandeur, appar-
ently so near that we could see the rifts
in the snow on his sides and feel the cool
breeze which he seemed to waft us in
welcome. The greeting we gave him
in return made the welkin ring.
Another surprise equally pleasant oc-
curred as we were toiling up a long
hill in the heat of a July day, when some
one suddenly exclaimed, "Goodness!
whose flower garden is this?" The an-
swer came immediately, "the Lord's."
We were in the midst of a perfect gar-
den of large and brilliant flowers, stand-
ing from one to ten feet from the
ground, in great clusters as far as the
eye could reach. They were the far-
famed rhododendrons filling the forest
with a blaze of glorious color, and a
perfume as sweet as that of the helio-
trope. Nestling beneath them and scat-
tered here and there we found the cele-
brated Washingtonian lilies, sometimes
called Mt. Hood lilies. We were much
interested in the flora of this region and
noticed one peculiarity, that as we got
nearer the mountain, while the flowers
were of different shades and colors and
of different arrangement on the stem,
they all had the conformation of snap-
dragons.
Traveling along in the midst of these
exhilarating summer scenes, we were
soon reminded that old Boreas has
something to do with these flower gar-
dens, for much to our consternation we
found, for the next two miles, from one
to ten feet of snow on the road. A
change from summer- to winter scenes
could not have been more sudden or
complete. It was necessary to drive
our teams over the snow for this
two miles or turn back, and we
had no thought of turning back. Our
first attempt to scale one of these snow
banks resulted in such a general mix-up
of the horses, wagon and driver that it
took some time and profanity to extricate
them. Fortunately the ladies had gone
on ahead and will probably never know
what a blasphemous pair of men were
trying to control the destinies of the
party. Notwithstanding this excusable
lapse, our general course was such as
would have pleased the most enthusias-
tic exhorter, for it was ever upward and
onward.
Our subsequent navigation over this
stretch of snow was exciting in the ex-
treme, not to say dangerous. The hur-
ricane deck of a spring wagon, with first
one wheel and then another breaking
through and going up to the hub in the 4
snow, and first one horse and then the
other floundering out of an apparently
bottomless pit into which he had drop-
ped, was enough to try the nerve of a
veteran stage driver. It can easily be
imagined how it would suffice to
make each particular hair of a novice to
stand on end. We shall not soon forget
what a satisfied and devout feeling took
possession of our inner consciousness as
we slid and floundered down off of the
last one of those treacherous snow drifts
<A TRIP TO MOUNT HOOD.
53
and stood once again on solid earth.
Our vehicles had stood the ordeal, our
horses were still alive, but looked as
though, they had swum the Willamette
River, and as for ourselves, we wondered,
after having recovered from threatened
heart-failure, what we would have to
encounter next. We were not long in
finding out, for we were soon attacked
in a most unmerciful manner by an
enemy as numerous as the sands of the
sea — mountain mosquitoes. Most people
have had occasion to feel how affection-
ate and insinuating those creatures are.
They approached first in battalions, then
in whole armies and finally by the mil-
lion. Having heard reports of the med-
dlesome disposition of these creatures,
we had provided ourselves with plenty of
mosquito netting, which served, to some
extent, as a protection, but they would
find their way in even through that. A
snap shot of one of our party with about
three yards of netting wound around his
head and face would make a fine curio
in photographic art, but he declined ab-
solutely to allow it to be reproduced.
However, we fought our way through
to Government Camp.
Government Camp, it should be stat-
ed, is the stopping place for parties
intending to make the ascent of Mount
Hood, and they usually start from there
on their long climb. It is located about
four miles from the timber line and
eight miles from the summit. One gets
a fine view of the mountain from there,
and can feel the cool air that is wafted
from its everlasting snows. Barring the
mosquitoes it is a delightful spot.
We rested here a day and made ar-
rangements for the ascent. Our guide,
Mr. O. C. Yocum, who is also the pro-
prietor of Government Camp, busied
himself during the day in putting spikes
in the soles of our shoes, getting the
alpenstocks in readiness, for ours was
the first party of the season, and in tell-
ing us how easy it was to climb the
mountain if we only just made up our
minds to do it. He advised us to go as
far as the timber line that evening, camp
there over night and start at four o'clock
the next morning. We decided to do
this and set out in the afternoon
for the timber line. We placed our
camping outfit on a sled, hitched a
horse to it, and one of us led the horse
while the others brought up the rear in
regular Klondike style. After going
about a mile over rocks and bowlders,
we reached the snow, and from there on
we traveled over snow sometimes a hun-
dred feet in depth, judging from the fact
that the tops of large fir trees in places
were only just protruding above the
surface. At other places the snow
reached half way or more up the trunks
of the trees. This half-submerged ever-
green forest presented a rare scene, to
which a Kodak cannot do justice. It
was impossible to follow the road, for
there was a road somewhere beneath us,
leading to the timber line, but the guide
picked out the way among the trees,
chopping off limbs here and there to en-
able us to get through with the horse
and sled. We intended to spend the
night at Camp George, named in honor
of Judge M. C. George, but found it un-
der fifteen or twenty feet of snow, so we
made a detour to the south about a mile
where he found a bare place large
enough for our tent and. a campfire.
Here, surrounded on all sides by oceans
of snow, we pitched our camp, made a
fire, and prepared to spend the night.
We were not far from White River
Glacier, but the moraines and the glacier
itself were still deep under the snow. We
anticipated a beautiful sunset, for even
at this point we were far above the sur-
rounding mountains, but a storm had
been raging all day to the south and
west of us, its distant thunders making
us fearful lest it should reach us and
compel us to turn back, but though it
passed us by, the dark ominous clouds
obscured the setting sun. That evening
we took the sled up the mountain side
and had a regular toboggan, the bracing
winds making it seem like winter instead
of the middle of July. About 10 o'clock
the clouds disappeared and the stars
came out, seemingly very near us, and
shining with great brilliancy, reminding
us of Poe's lines:
While the stars that oversprinkle,
All the heavens seem to twinkle,
with a crystaline delight.
An incident now occurred that we
54
THE TACIFIC MONTHLY.
men folks at least ascribe to the "mirac-
ulous." While the ladies were in the
tent preparing to retire for the night, a
large snow ball, apparently several
inches in diameter, of a loose quality, in-
dicating that it had only traveled
through space a short distance, fell into
the front entrance of the tent, and onto
the ladies like unto a shower bath, great-
ly to their disgust. They at once began
accusing us of the deed, and declared
they would get even with us "in the
morning," but we explained that we had
been sitting quietly by the fire and final-
ly convinced them that we were near
the abode of Jove, and that the unex-
pected fall of the snow bail was simply
one of his many atmospheric phenom-
ena. Notwithstanding we were all made
to realize by this "miracle" that we were
in the domain of the mighty Jupiter,
where he makes the meteors to shoot;
clouds to form; lightnings to flash; stars
to come and go and snow balls to fall in
unexpected places, we were not made
afraid, but laid down on the bosom of
the mighty monarch of the Cascades and
were soon in tne land of dreams.
We had not been there long though
as it seemeu to us, when the guide
called us to prepare for breakfast. It
was half past three in the morning, a vil-
lainous hour to get up, but we obeyed
like soldiers, and by four o'clock had
breakfast and were ready to be off. We
marched out into the snowfields and be-
gan a most ardous day's work — a
steady climb, like going up flights of
stairs for four miles. We wore goggles
to prevent snow blindness and kept our
faces covered with muslin to prevent
blistering. Notwithstanding this pre-
caution several of the party were badly
burned. The rays of the sun were just
beginning to shoot athwart the eastern
skies, and brighten the gray dawn into
the full light of a glorious day. As we
swung away to the left the mountain
was between us and the sun so we did
not see the great luminary rise, but as
compensation we were presented with a
very perfect mirage off to the south,
standing well up in the heavens, and
presenting, in perfect outline, the
shadow of Mount Hood.
Our general course was up the long
slope stretching off to the south and
plainly visible from Portland on a clear
day. Nothing here could be more de-
ceiving than distances. For instance, a
place on the side of the mountain,
known as the "Triangle Moraine" looked
to us not more than two cr three hun-
dred yards ahead, but the guide told us
it was more than a mile, and when we
had walked it, we would have sworn it
was three.
We trudged along up this wind-swept
stretch without incident of note, our al-
pinestocks making a measured scrape,
scrape, as they rose and fell in the snow,
until we reached the "Triangle Moraine,"'
one mile from our starting point. Here
we "cached" our coats and skirts, the
ladies making their appearance in
bloomers, and began the more difficult
part of our journey. The snow, newly
fallen to the deptn of several inches, was
soft, and the walking difficult. We
would sometimes break through the
crust, beneath the layer of soft snow,
and go in up to our knees; the steps
made by those ahead would slip or slide
out from under the next one in line, giv-
ing him or her a fall in the snow. From
the "Triangle Moraine" we went in sin-
gle file, the guide in the lead, who made
steps for us to follow in, either by tramp-
ing the snow down, or, if the surface was
frozen, chopping through it with his
hatchet.
Our next point to reach was Crater
Rock, which we kept steadily in view,
the way becoming more precipitous all
the while. We were allowed now to stop
cA TRIP TO MOUNT HOOD.
55
every few minutes, as the guide told us
to "catch" our "breaths;" as we did so
we would be taking in the immense
panorama stretching out around us as
far as the eye could reach.
About half way to Crater Rock one of.
ladies called a halt, the first signal of
distress; her husband immediately rush-
ed to her assistance and the rest of us
soon gathered around, when she said
in a broken voice: "I am going to cry,
but it don't mean anything; I am going
on up." So she sat down on the snow and
had a good cry. Her heart was beating
very fast and she was having trouble to
breathe. We had given the guide, for
he would not permit us to have charge
of it, a flask of whisky, which was now
brought into requisition for the first
time. After a rest of a few minutes and
a "dose" of the stimulant, the lady was
able to resume the upward climb, and
had no more trouble. She remarked af-
terwards that when she "got her second
wind" she was all right.
We tried frequently after this to per-
suade the guide that what we most need-
ed under such circumstances was more
of that stimulant, but he doled it out
with a parsimonious hand,. his excuse be-
ing that he wanted "none but clear
heads at such dizzy heights." We were
now well up under Crater Rock, which
rose a hundred feet or more almost per-
pendicular in front of us. The guide
warned us of the danger from loose,
rock bounding down upon us, and in-
structed us as a means of avoiding this
danger to walk about six feet apart, so
that when we heard or saw rocks com-
ing we could step to one side or the
other and let them pass. We made a
long detour towards the south, out near
the edge of the Great Crevasse, leaving
Crater Rock to the left; thence north up
a very steep place to a sort of bench on
the Rock where we were to take lunch-
eon. This we found the hardest part of
our long climb. Slowly, foot by foot,
sometimes almost pulling ourselves
over the snow by means of our alpin-
stocks, we got over this precipitous
pass and safely upon the solid rock. The
fumes of sulphur were now plainly
"visible," so much so as to be almost
nauseating. The guide procurred from
a point a few feet below rock steaming
hot, against which the ladies warmed
their feet. While standing there gazing
at the wondrous scenes around us, we
were startled by a terrific crash above
and saw bounding towards us from the
topmost terrace of Cratei Rock an ava-
lanche of loose boulders. We huddled
together, expecting to be struck the
next minute, but fortunately the ava-
lanche fell away to our left several feet.
We escaped the rock but we did not es-
cape a severe reproval from the guide,
by whom we were reminded that he had
instructed us to keep well apart in such
an emergency, and we had rushed to-
gether like a lot of sheep. In order to
make our offending seem as light as
possible, we told him that we were in-
tending to separate if the rocks had
come any nearer.
It was now noon and we had been
eight hours coming two miles. The
sun was beating down upon the moun-
tain with an intense heat, which was
melting and loosening the snow and ice,,
so that great slides from the cliffs above-
were moving down. From Steel Cliff,
across the crevasse from where we were
lunching, great avalanches of ice and
rock would break loose with a terrific
roar and go thundering down into the
ravine to be finally carried into the glac-
ier below. One seeing these processes-
at work — of avalanche slide and glacier
— all tearing away from the mountain
would naturally conclude that Mt. Hood
will finally become what Joe Meek used
to say it was when he first came to the
country, "a hole in the ground." Pur-
suant to preconcerted arrangement we
here signaled to Mrs. Yocum at Gov-
ernment Camp by means of a helio-
graph, that "all is well with us," and al-
most immediately received an answer
from her to the same effect, which re-
minded us that we still bore some rela-
tion to the earth below us.
We now resumed our journey work-
ing our way back off of the rocks into
the pass leading up to the Arete which
extends from Crater Rock to the Great
Crevasse. The Arete is a narrow ridge
about three feet wide on the top, along
which we had to walk. The sides of
this ridge drop away almost perpendic-
56
THE 'PACIFIC MONTHLY.
ularly for hundreds of feet below. On
the north side near the top we could see
a rent in the snow, indicating a crevasse
paralleling tue Arete.
We heard from Mr. Yocum that since
we were up there, he had gone into the
-cave near the base of Crater Rock and
discovered a lake of considerable dimen-
sions, overhung with icicles and pre-
senting a very beautiful appearance.
Judging from this the Arete is a sort of
natural bridge across ?. subterranean
lake.
We followed up this narrow path,
looking neither to the right nor to the
left (for the guide instructed us not to
~~~3\
A !
/***•'
•A :'- T
look anywhere except at our feet), until
we reached the edge of the Great Crev-
asse. Turning then abruptly to the
north we followed the edge of the crev-
asse until we found a suitable place to
cross it, when the guide went ahead feel-
ing his way cautiously over unmeasured
depths of snow and ice, to the cliffs be-
yond. We soon followed and proceeded
thence in a southeasterly course under
cliffs and overhanging rocks up a very
steep and trying pass to the summit.
Here we stood at last on the topmost
peak, 12,225 feet above the sea. Some
one was mean enough to suggest that
we were probably nearer heaven than
we should ever be again. A biting wind
and the lateness of the hour admonished
us not to tarry. We had no time to take
in the details of the glorious picture.
To use a slang expression, we could
only "hit the high places." To the north
we could see Mt. Rainier, Mt. St.
Helens and Mt. Adams, looming up
magnificently to the view. South of us
stood Mt. Jefferson and the Three Sis-
ters, and far away in the distance, lord-
ing it above them all like a giant, Mt.
Shasta reared his snow - crowned crest.
To the east the wheat fields of Eastern
Oregon stretched out before us like a
great plateau. We could see the Will-
amette and Columbia Rivers looking
like threads of silver winding their
way through mountain gorge and
hill and valley. As we looked down on
the great range surrounding us we were
impressed with its apparent insignifi-
cance; its countless summits seemed like
mere hills, not heights, as they over-
tower thousands of feet above the sea.
The rise and fall of the vision first to the
tops of these mountains and then into
the valleys beyond, reminded us of look-
ing out upon the ocean when the great
swells are rolling mountain high.
A strange weird feeling comes over
one at such a height. The heavens seem
to settle down, and the air to thicken
into an intense blue, not a "darkness
visible," exactly, but a something
akin to that, as though the ele-
ments were conspiring to shut
out some choicer view beyond. The
acoustics of the place are marvelous.
The lowest tone of voice could be heard
hundreds of feet. Such was our feeling
of awe and of reverence that we dared
not yell for we knew not what it might
bring forth. There is no place on this
earth where one feels more keenly the
presence, the power, and the majesty of
God than on these Alpine heights. We
could appreciate the full meaning and
beauty of Coleridge's "Hymn in the Vale
Chamonix."
"Ye ice falls! Ye that from the mountain's
brow
Adown enormous ravines slope amain;
Torrents, methinks, that, heard a mighty
voice,
And stopped at once amid their maddened
plunge!
Motionless torrents! Silent cataracts!
Who made you glorious as the gates Oi
heaven,
Beneath the keen full moon? "Who bade the
sun
Clothe you with rainbow? Who with living
flowers
<A TRIP TO SMOUNT HOOD.
57
Of loveliest blue spread garlands at your
feet?
God ! Let the torrents like a shout of nations
Answer, and let the ice plains echo, God."
The spell was broken by the stern
command of the guide, "we must start
back." Slowly, as if awakening from a
trance, we turned away from the majes-
tic spectacle to begin the descent. We
soon found that going down was quite
a different process from going up. We
had to set our alpinstocks on the lower
side, step against them carefully, break-
ing the snow down until we found solid
footing; then reset the alpinstocks an-
other step ahead, and break down the
snow beside them as before, and so on,
repeating this with every step. In addi-
tion to these precautions, the guide fur-
nished us a long rope which each took
hold of, with instructions to hold onto
it like grim death, in case of a slip or fall.
In this manner we worked our way back
down across the Great Crevasse, down
past Crater Rock to the snow fields be-
low. We now felt that all danger was
V
WW:S
past and we could congratulate each
other on our achievement:. We prepared
here for a grand glissade, and sitting
down on the snow, guiding ourselves
with our alpinstocks, we went down the
mountain side for about a mile as though
we had been shot out of one of the bat-
1 tleship Oregon's 14-inch guns. After that
we were satisfied to walk the rest of the
way, gradually cooling and drying off as
we went along. The guide took the ladies
in charge and made a "bee-line" for
Government Camp, while the rest of us
had to go to the camp where we had
stayed the night before and bring the
horse and outfit.
The only difficulty we had in this was
to prevent the sled from running over
the horse on the down grade. Some-
times, on very steep places, in the effort
to hold the sled back we would be
thrown heels over head in the snow, and
the horse and sled end up in a con-
fused mass at the bottom of the drift
and we would have to untangle them as
best we could.
Many times the sled would turn com-
pletely over and be on top of the bag-
gage as it slid over the snow. Some-
times they would both be on the horse,
and sometimes the horse wouW be on
them. When we reached Government
Camp one runner of the sled was gone,
the axe and coffee pot had disappeared,
and the baggage looked as though it
might have participated in the attempt
of Pharaoh's army to cross the Red Sea.
The only presentable thing in the outfit
was the faithful animal that had dragged
our load to the timber-line and back.
We now began to realize that we were
tired. Oh, so tired! The mosquitoes
had their own way with us, for we did
not have energy enough left to resist
them. Even Mrs. Yocum's sumptous
dinner, which was all in readiness for us,
with wild blackberry pie for desert, coulct
not tempt our appetites. We were too
tired, even, to eat. All we wanted, all
we cared for, was a place where we could
lay our weary bones down for a good
night's rest.
We were greatly refreshed by morn-
ing, and delighted our landlady by doing
ample justice to a fine breakfast. After
resting at Government Camp a couple
of days we went on twelve miles further,
following the old Barlow Road over the
summit, to Clear Lake, a beautiful lake
nestling under the shadow of Mt. Hood
and covering with its placid waters about
1200 acres. The only feature detracting
from its picturesqueness is the fact that
the lake is full of high grass, standing
very thick and tall. Strange as it may
seem, the water of the lake is quite
warm. Trout are plentiful, the average
size being from 10 to 12 inches, and
58 THE TACIFIC SMONTHL Y.
they rise beautifully to the fly when the from the lake north over the green bor-
waters of the lake are stirred by a good der of grass and the high fir trees to the
stiff breeze. The high grass interferes snows of Mount Hood only just beyond,
somewhat with casting and makes one one is presented with a fascinating pic-
wish it was not there. Our principal ture. After spending several days in
pastime while here was "poling" a raft this cosy retreat we returned home, hav-
around over the lake and fishing. As ing been fifteen days in making the trip,
the season advances the waters of the Its hardships and perils were soon for-
lake gradually recede, leaving hundreds gotten, but we recall its many pleasant
of acres of green grass on the borders incidents and revelations with ever-in-
standing as high as timothy. Looking creasing satisfaction.
"Peace on Earth?"
You bid me echo the music
Of that first glad Christmas morn,
"When angels sang to the listening world the
joy of Christ new-born.
But how can I sing of gladness,
When the moan of human pain
Proclaimeth the crucifixion of the Christ
again and again.
"Peace on earth," from heaven chorused
The shining host, "Peace on earth
And good will to man," and behold it is
strife from the hour of birth.
Two thousand years! And the lesson
His life and his death unrolled
Is still unlearned. And unheeding man
throttles his brother for gold.
And shall I echo the chorus
Of angels who sang in vain,
When the banners of battle proclaim it not
"peace on earth," but pain?
When the name of Christ is a by-word,
And freedom is smothered by greed;
And love is become a passion of earth, sub-
ject to jest and screed.
Oh. the pity and pain of living!
The children that cry for bread—
The weak that go down in the gutter— the
leaders whose hands are red!
From the mines and mills and sweatshops
A sound like the surf on the shore,
The moan of the toiling millions— God hear
it, and help us once more!
Liscben M. Miller.
The Oregon Trail.
<By CAPTAIN HARRY L. WELLS.
A PIONEER episode that was the
cause of much bitter feeling and
contention for many years in Ore-
gon was the opening of the Southern
immigrant trail through Northern Ne-
vada, the Modoc country, Rogue River
and the Umpqua Canyon to the upper
Willamette valley.
The general nature of Oregon's early
settlement is well known. Regular im-
migration across the plains to Oregon
and California may be said to have be-
gun in 1841. In that year a company of
one hundred and eleven persons arrived.
They had made no effort to bring wag-
ons because of the supposed impossibili-
ty of getting them through the moun-
tains. In 1842 a train consisting of one
hundred and nine persons, guided by
Stephen H. Meek and Thomas Fitzpat-
rick, reached Fort Hall on Snake River,
then a station of the Hudson Bay Com-
pany, having abandoned half their wag-
ons at Green River. The other half
they left at Fort Hall and finished the
journey on foot, their effects packed up-
on the backs of their cattle and horses.
How the eight hundred immigrants of
1843 were piloted by Dr. Marcus Whit-
man, demonstrating the fact that wagons
could be brought through from Fort
Hall to the Willamette, is an oft-told
tale. The great and final obstacle that
confronted immigrants, however, was
the Cascade Range. There was no wag-
on route through the Columbia gorge,
and but an Indian trail across the moun-
tains. Wagons and other effects were
loaded upon batteaux at The Dalles and
brought down the river at peril of life
and property.
In 1845 some three thousand persons
started across the plains bound for the
Pacific Coast. One thousand of these
turned southward at Fort Hall and fol-
lowed the Humbolt River route to Cal-
ifornia. The remainder, in half a dozen
separate trains, continued on the Hud-
son Bay trail to Oregon. When some
of the trains reacher Fort Boise, a dis-
pute arose as to the advisability of fol-
lowing the old trail or seeking a new.
The discussion was precipitated by the
offer of Stephen H. Meek to pilot them
by a route free from the difficulties well
known to await them on the old. Meek,
as before stated, had been one of the
guides conducting the small train in
1842. He was an old trapper, a brother
of the noted Joe Meek, and had been a
member of Bonneville's party when that
energetic officer invaded Oregon a sec-
ond time in 1834, in an unsuccessful at-
tempt to convert theoretical joint occu-
pation into an accomplished fact, and
had afterwards been engaged in this
region for several years as a trapper for
the great fur company. These facts
were all known to the immigrants, and
when he declared his ability to conduct
them across the Blue Mountains and the
Cascades by a route south of the old
one, and shorter and easier to travel,
many believed he could do so. The
credulous ones, therefore, branched off
under the guidance of the trapper.
Meek had never passed through the
country he was now entering. His
knowledge of it was gained from the de-
scriptions given him by Indians and
trappers in the service of the company.
The route had never, in fact, been trav-
ersed, even by these. But it was gener-
ally known that the region of South-
eastern Oregon was less mountainous
than that further north, and Meek count-
ed upon this and luck to find a good
pass through the Cascades. In this he
failed, and as soon as the immigrants be-
came satisfied that he was traveling by
guess he found it convenient to decamp
unceremoniously, to avoid unpleasant
consequences. The party then turned
down the John Day River, and after
many hardships and privations, reached
the Columbia in a deplorable and desti-
60
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
tute condition. Referring to this adven-
ture Hon. Stephen Stoats, one of the
train, said:
"It was but a few days after we left
Fort Boise that Meek became hopelessly
lost, and had it not been for the good
judgment and determination of the im-
migrants themselves, many would have
perished."
It has been persistently asserted that
while Meek was wandering in the moun-
tains after parting with the immigrants
without the formality of saying good-
bye, he suffered so extremely from thirst
that he was forced to open a vein in the
neck of his faithful mule and drink the
blood.
At Fort Hall, Boise and Walla Walla,
the Hudson Bay Company did a thriv-
ing trade with the immigrants, selling
them supplies and buying, for a mere
song, their worn-out cattle, or giving in
exchange for them an order on the chief
factor at Vancouver for a like number.
These exchanges were unsatisfactory to
the newcomers, for they invariably prov-
ed to be, when delivered, long-horned,
untamable Spaniards. This, coupled
with other causes, real or imagined, led
to a very bitter feeling against the Com-
pany, and the discovery of a new route
into the valley would have been hailed
with joy.
A number of men who had settled in
the southern part of the Willamette Val-
ley, taking these things into considera-
tion, set out to explore for another and
easier route, one that would miss the
Company posts and be feasible for wag-
ons. They believed that Meek's idea of
the previous year was a correct one, and
that he could have brought his party
through without difficulty if he had kept
more to the south.
This exporing expedition consisted of
Hon. Lindsay Applegate, Levi Scott,
Captain Jesse Applegate, John Jones,
John Owens, Henry Boggus, Samuel
Goodhue, William Sportsman, Robert
Smith, Moses Harris, John Scott, Wil-
liam G. Parker, David Goff and Benja-
min F. Bureh. They kept to the old
Oregon and California trail through the
Umpqua and Rogue River valleys, and
turned eastward from the trail at the
north base of the Siskivou Mountains.
Just ahead of them was a party of about
eighty French Canadians, half-breeds,.
Columbia River Indians, and a few white
men, on their way to California. They
had been skirmishing with the Rogue
River Indians for several days and as.
the exploring party left the trail they
heard the sound of warfare just in ad-
vance.
On the Fourth of July the expedition
reached the Klamath river, not far from
its source in Klamath Lake. A few
miles further they came upon the scene
of Fremont's unfortunate night battle
with the Modocs two months before, in
which three of his men were killed. On
every hand, as darkness fell, they saw
the signal fires of the hostile Indians, but
were unaware of the tragedy that had
been enacted here so recently. With the
utmost caution they proceeded along
the shore of the lake and came to a little
stream, Hot Creek, where they found
pieces of newspaper and other evidences
of white men having camped there but a
short time before. There was also a
place where the willows and turf had
been cut away and much trampled by
the feet of horses. Though they did not
then know it, they had discovered the
graves of Fremont's men. But all these
things served to warn them of danger
at hand, and they were consequently
watchful and on guard continually, and
passed entirely through the Modoc
country without being once attacked.
Crossing Lost River by the natural
bridge, they skirted Tule Lake and the
south end of Goose Lake and passed
through Northern Nevada by way of
Black Rock and Rabbit Hole Springs to
Humbolt River, then northward to Fort
Hall, which they reached in August.
At Fort Half they had no little diffi-
culty in persuading immigrants to leave
the old trail and follow them, but being
men of a personality to inspire confi-
dence they prevailed upon one hundred
and fifty persons with forty-two wagons
to try the new route. The majority,
however, continued on down the Snake
River and reached the valley safely and
without mishaps, while the smaller train
wearily journeyed into the untried south.
Among the latter were a number bound
for California, and who left the
THE OREGON TRAIL.
61
main party on the Humbolt. This was the
ill-fated Donner party whose sufferings,
a few months later on the shores of Don-
ner Lake, constitutes one of the saddest
tragedies of California's pioneer period.
All might have gone well with the Or-
egon-bound train if the self-constituted
guides had remained with it. But they,
having left careful directions as to the
route, hastened back to the valley. Be-
ing mounted and unencumbered they
traveled much faster than the immi-
grants and arriving home sent horses
and supplies out to meet the coming
train.
Left without guides, the immigrants
began to have trouble at once. They
found the grass and water insufficient.
Traveling slowly of necessity, on ac-
count of the reduced condition of their
cattle and horses, they were unable to
make the camping places as the mount-
ed road party had done, and were often
compelled to camp without food or
<lrink for their weary animals. From the
Humbolt to Goose Lake the people
themselves suffered from thirst, and the
heat and the alkali dust of the deserts
were something terrible to experience.
The cattle became so weak that they
could with difficulty drag the now al-
most empty wagons along the rugged
way. Many of them lay down in that
endless sea of sagebrush and burning
sand to rise no more, and the wagons
they had pulled over such countless
miles were abandoned. From Goose
Lake through the Modoc country, where
one straggler fell a victim to the Indians,
and even into the Umpqua Canyon, the
grass was abundant, and there was no
lack of water, but the season was so far
advanced and their previous progress
had been so slow that they dared not
camp to recuperate their worn-out cattle,
and they reached the canyon in a sadly
crippled condition. Such of the cattle
as were still alive had not the strength
to draw the wagons through the defile.
Without provisions, haggard and worn,
they found themselves at the threshold
of the promised land, yet helpless to ent-
er and take possession. Some, it is true,
abandoning everything, pushed through
and reached the valley in a desperate
condition, but the most of them waited
in a state of semi-starvation till help
came. «
That the Goose Lake route was a
practical one, however, was demonstrat-
ed the following year, four trains passing
safely over it. The first of these was
piloted by Captain Levi Scott, the leader
of the road party, who went to Fort Hail
for that purpose, and made such changes
in the route as the unfortunate experi-
ences of the year before rendered advis-
able. Not having been exhausted by
previous hardships, these trains reached
the Umpqua Canyon in good condition,
and passed through with little difficulty.
This successful journey relieved the
road party of any charge of intentional
misrepresentation, except on the part of
the few whose sufferings had embittered
them too strongly. Others came over
the trail in 1848, though many who orig-
inally started for Oregon changed their
destination to California by the Humbolt
route when they learned at Fort Hall of
the discovery of gold at Sutter's Mill.
•The next two years California received
most of the immigrants, those coming to
Oregon taking the old trail. In 185 1,
gold having been discovered in the
Klamath region, and in the Siskiyou
Mountains, immigrants began again to
use the Goose Lake route, and for sev-
eral years poured into California and Or-
egon over that trail bv the thousands.
Over the chimney the night wind sang
And chanted a melody no one knew;
But the Poet listened and smiled, for he
Was Man and Woman and Child, all three,
And said, "It is God's own harmony,
This wind we hear in the chimney."
The Weaver.
<By ELLA HLGGINSON.
A WEAVER stood at his loom weav-
ing. The fabric lengthening be-
neath his patient hands was
coarse and gray. It was strong and
good of its kind — for he wove with care
— but it was all gray. He glanced often,
with a great wonder in his heart, at the
other looms, where fine and beau-
tiful threads flashed all day long; but
he did not ask for other weaving than
the coarse stuff which had fallen to his
lot.
Those who were judges of that kind
of thing came and looked at his work
and marveled among themselves at the
weaver. "It is so well done," they cried,
"but so ugly! Why don't you use
colors?"
Answer he made not, but went on
weaving, as if he had not heard.
Months passed. He wove on patiently
and silently. He asked no questions and
answered none. But they gave him no
peace. They kept crying out for him to
put in color, color!
At last, after a long, long time, he
sent them one day a fabric of such bril-
liant and exquisite color that they could
have fallen down and worshipped him
for its ravishing beauty. And they ran
to his overseer and cried out: "Give us.
more of this weaver's stuff — more, more?
Give him any price. We must have it.
There never was such a color on earth."
"But he is dead," said the overseer.
"Dead! Dead? When he has just
learned the secret of his marvelous col-
or? Why, what killed him?"
"The secret," said the overseer. "It
is this way. They come in here by
hundreds and want work. Usually they
want color at once and we give it to
them, and a great mess they make of it;
and they weary soon and drop out. But
a few come who ask only to work. 'To
weave! To weave!' — that is their cry.
We try them on the coarse gray stuffs.
As soon as you discover that they are
doing such work well, you cry out for
'Color, color!' We do not give it to
them — for we know that they are the
kind to get it for themselves in good
time. And we don't keep any color like
theirs."
"Why, where do they get it?" they
cried, wonderingly.
"Oh, if I told you it wouldn't be a
secret," said the overseer; and he went
away sighing.
Christmas Tydc in Merrie England.
Ye yule-log burns for Christmas-tyde,
Ye grassy green is hidden,
And to each hearthstone farre and wyde,
Ye Christmas guest is bidden.
Ye hall is dight with evergreene,
Mixt with ye mistletoe,
And holly berries blaze betweene,
With redde coquettish glowe.
Last midnight chimes awoke ye lande,
To mad forgetful myrth,
As if a Prince of pleasure planned,
Ye poetry of earth.
For high and lowly, weak and wyse,
Have caught contagious joy,
And blythesome hearts and merrie eyes,
Playe on without annoy.
Peal out Ye bells, ye carrols chime,
For Christmas rules belowe,
Ye eye, ye fire of winter-tyme,
Mid-sommer in ye snowe.
Eva. Emery cDye~
Maya, the Medicine Girl.
A Story of Fort Yamhill, in Sheridan's Time.
'By SAM L. SIMPSON.
Chapter III.
Buckstone became silent and moody.
His partriotism would compel
him to sacrifice everything, even
life itself, for his country, but Maya,
sweet, loving, faithful Maya, what would
become of her? Just about sunset, three
days after Buckstone and I had visited
the camp, Maya herself, her glossy hair
floating in disorder over her shapely neck
and shoulders and her eyes flaming with
excitement, rushed into the store. I was
standing behind the counter, near the
door.
"The baby is lost!" she cried, breath-
lessly. "Somebody steal the baby, and
Edmund must know!"
I was trying to calm the girl and find
out what had actually occurred, when,
fortunately, Sergeant Buckstone walked
in. Then Maya managed to tell her
story.
In the afternoon she had gone to the
Agency on a matter of business, leaving
her mother in charge of the patient.
Along towards evening her mothet had
gone out for some firewood, and it was
during her absence that the child had
been taken. It was plain to all that the
child's own people were concerned in the
abduction. Buckstone did not appear
to be much alarmed at the incident.
"Of course they have taken the child,"
he said, after a moment's musing, "but
it is so nearly well that there is compara-
tively no danger of a relapse."
"Maybe they make the baby sick again,
and she die," said Maya; "then," with a
frightened, tender look at Buckstone,
"you know what they do with me."
Buckstone took her hand gently,
"There is little danger of that, Maya,"
he said; "they are mad and disappointed
because we have saved the child's life,
that is all. At any rate Hank and I will
go over to their camp tonight and see
about it, that is," he said, turning to me,
"if you are willing."
"I will be glad to accompany you," I
said.
While we stood there talking for sev-
eral minutes longer, I was more than
ever struck by the Naiad beauty of the
Shasta girl, and the look of utter, ab-
sorbing devotion, veiled by a gentle
bashfulness, with which she reganled
Buckstone. "The whole soul of this
flower of the Shastas," I thought, "is po-
sessed by her pure, yet passionate love
for this man, and either the loss of his
affection or separation will kill her."
About 8 o'clock Buckstone and I set
out for the upper Shasta camp, about
three miles away. We were accompanied
by the old woman, Maya's mother, think-
ing it advisable to take her along as an
interpreter. For a portion of the dis-
tance the trail lay through the woods and
we were over an hour in reaching our
destination.
At the camp we were pleasantly re-
ceived by all save the savage old mother
of the child, who boldly acknowledged
that she had stolen it, and violently pro-
tested that it was a miracle that the sol-
dier-doctor and the false medicine girl
had not killed her offspring. After some
persuasion Buckstone was allowed to
see the child.
"It is all right," he said, as he came
back from the inner portion of the tent,
"and I am inclined to think that they
have done us a great favor in relieving
us of all further trouble in the matter. I,
at least, have more serious things to con-
sider."
Then, having waited a while for
Maya's mother to gossip with other old
women of the tribe, we sent out to return,
The moonlight was glorious, silvering
wood and vale and stream with glamour
and enchantment. On the way Buck-
stone more than once alluded to Maya,
and deplored the fate which forced him
to choose between love of country and
love of her.
"She cannot understand," he moaned,
"how I would be utterly unworthy of her,
savage as she is, according to the false
classification of our pretentious, pale-
faced race, if I should desert my colors
64
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
now. Outside of my duty to the nation,
she is all I have to make life worth living.
If I survive, I shall return to her after
the war, and then — " his voice died away
in a broken murmur. For some distance
our trail wound along the river, now
close to its limpid waters, quivering and
sparkling in the moonlight and ara-
besqued, here and there, with the waving
shadows of the trees, regal with mid-
summer foliage, and again rising over
the crest of some rocky bluff, whither
the tumult of the waters below rose like
the sound of human voices, wierd with
laughter, song and shouting.
When Buckstone broke silence again
he was repeating Poe's matchless love-
song, "Annabel Lee," and never had I so
fully realized the wild, unearthly charm
of its mystical sentiment and thrilling
melody. Even now, as I lift my pen for
a moment and pause in reverie, that
strange scene comes back to me — the
beautiful moonlight, the voices of the
waters, the shadows and the trees, and
again I hear, as if it were the golden in-
terpretation of the spiritual mystery of
the scene, that wonderful song:
But our love it was stronger by far than the
love
Of those who were older than we —
Of many far wiser than we —
And neither the angels in heaven above,
Nor the demons down under the sea,
Can ever dissever my soul from the soul
Of the beautiful Annabel Lee;
For the moon never beams, without bringing
me dreams
Of the Deautiful Annabel Lee;
As we crossed the creek and turned in
the direction of Maya's tent, Buckstone
stopped. "Why," he exclaimed, "this is
strange! There is no light in the tent.
Maya must have grown nervous at our
protracted absence and sought refuge
with some, of her people."
When we reached the tent Buckstone
halted again at the entrance and called
the Indian girl by the name, once, twice,
thrice. There was no answer. The
waters of the stream murmured softly
down among the willows and the silent
tents shone white and spectral in the
moonlight. The old woman, muttering
something in her own language, stepped
forward quickly and threw back the can-
vas flap which formed the door of the
The
tent. There, on a low couch, in the
white . stream of the moonlight, still
dressed1 as we had last seen her, lay
Maya, fair as a gold-tinted lily in her
graceful' attitude of repose, as though,
busy with the wreath ot wild flowers that
lay close to her limp little right hand,
she had suddenly fallen asleep.
Rushing forward, Buckstone called
her name again, in quick, sharp, startled
tones. Still there was no answer. Then,
with a low, sobbing, awful cry, he flung
himself on the couch and took her
drooping head on his breast. She was
dead. As yet her poor old mother did
not realize what had occurred. I was
kneeling at Buckstone's side when
something on one of the little hands he
was pressing to his heart, attracted his
attention. He held the hand out for a
closer look. On one of the slender
fingers a jeweled ring sparkled in the
light.
"My God! What mystery is this?" he
cried: "Adrienne Wainwright won that
ring from me on a wager — how did it
come here — on her hand?"
No one could answer him. When we
came later to question some of the peo-
ple in the neighboring tents, only one
young woman knew anything that had
the slightest bearing toward a solution of
the mystery. In passing the tent about
ten o'clock this young woman had heard
some one talking inside. It was a wo-
man's ■ voice, she thought, but not
Maya's, the flap of the tent was down
and she had seen no one. That was all.
******
About one year after the war, while
engaged on the reporting staff of a
Portland, Oregon, newspaper, I chanced
one day to pick up a New York City ex-
change. I found among the society
news a detailed report of the marriage
of Col. Edmund Buckman and Miss
Adrienne Wainwright. You may judge
my astonishment when I recognized in
the portraits given of the happy pair, my
old friend Sergeant Buckstone, of Fort
Yamhill and — Alma Rutlege!
Had she secretly visited Maya in
her tent, told her own story and given
the ring to Maya in renouncement of her
claim? Had the shock of discovery
killed Maya?
End.
A Twentieth Century Problem.
<By LAURA cADELE WTRO.
THERE is no country where pleasant
social intercourse between people
of culture and refinement, without
regard to birth or position, is so possible
as in America, and likewise no other
country where a greater number of per-
sons so qualified are hungering in vain
for just such association. Why is this
true, and where is the remedy?
To deal with the subject intelligently
it is necessary that we discover the lim-
itations as well as the advantages of our
present social system, and a comparison,
therefore, of our class distinctions with
those of an European nation might be
profitable.
We see the evils of caste in England,
for instance, and rightly criticise customs
which make it possible for the vulgar to
have the entre of the highest set which
excludes from it those fitted in every
way to adorn it, for no better reasons
than that the former happen to be of
an old and aristocratic house while the
latter have the misfortune to be without
title or family, and are, perhaps, engaged
in trade. And yet this system is not
without its compensations, for when
stata are not continually shifting there is
much less danger of social upheavals and
the confusions resulting therefrom. The
inexorableness of the situation alleviates
its misery, so that while one may not be
content with his lot, he must of necessi-
ty be contented in it, because he cannot
change it. A man is born in a certain
station and that determines his social
position. He may resent the fact that he
belongs to the laboring class, but he does
not dream of assuming to himself the
rights and privileges of the aristocracy.
If he is sensible as well as ambitious he
strives to dignify his calling by becom-
ing a superior laborer, and, having suc-
ceeded in acquiring more than the usual
amount of education, is finally recog-
nized as a power among his fellows for
good or evil; still there is no misappre-
hension in his own mind, or in the minds
of others, as to where he belongs in the
social world.
On the other hand, it is said that in
our great Republic birth counts for very
little, and whether this is true or not, the
fact remains that here, more than any-
where else, a man has the freedom of
deciding what his social status shall be,
and has greater opportunities for attain-
ing his ideal standard. In other words,
it takes nothing but quality to make a
gentleman in America, and a man may
possess this distinguishing qualification,
so easy to recognize but so hard to de-
fine, without title, or family, or wealth,
or even education (in its most technical
sense). As our wise Autocrat expresses
it, "Our social arrangement has this
great beauty, that its strata shifts up and
down, as they change specific gravity,
without being clogged by layers of pre-
scription."
Our democratic institutions, therefore,
while admitting of no social classifica-
tion of the people, have offered to the
masses a sacred privilege which other
nations guard with jealous care, and our
European critics are only too ready to
characterize the result as chaos. Nor is
this criticism wholly unjust. Exulting
in our freedom from the restraints im-
posed by an arbitrary classification of
the people, we are too apt to forget that
this very advantage over other nations
robs us of a safeguard possessed by
them.
One of our greatest stumbling blocks
is that grand old sentiment first uttered
by the founder of democracy in this
country and immortalized by him
through the Declaration of Independ-
ence, "All men are created free and
equal." It is an axiom, a self-evident
truth, to every loyal American. But
does it imply social as well as political
equality? Our cook who considers "ser-
vant" a term of approbrium and resents
the application of the expression to her-
self, seems to think so and consequently
66
THE TAC1FIC SMONTHLY.
calls herself a lady, thereby confirming
the statement of the wit who said, "There
are no servants in America, 'scrub-
ladies' clean our houses and 'gentlemen'
drive our carriages."
This false idea colors the vision of the
American girl to such an extent that she
prefers any situation rather than that of
cook or house-maid in a private family.
A position in store or factory with wages
barely sufficient for boarding her in a
cheap lodging house, with undesirable
people as associates, is preferable, in her
eyes, to living in a pleasant home where
she has at least wholesome food, and,
in most cases, a cheerful room and the
opportunity of saving her wages. She is
a servant, to be sure, but there is noth-
ing degrading in 'the position. It is the
way in which it is filled that determines
whether it shall be one of dignity or
abasement.
It is this mad struggle for social equal-
ity that is overcrowding our cities and
leaving our farms deserted. If a coun-
try boy is a little above the average he
imagines himself a Lincoln and dreams
of becoming a future President. Of
course a farm is too narrow a sphere for
the embryo statesman, and forthwith he
leaves it behind and sets out for the
nearest city where he begins the study of
law. Then one of two things usually
happens; either he succeeds in getting
a sufficient smattering of legal knowl-
edge to admit him to the bar, thereby be-
coming an inferior member of that tribe
whom Shakespeare has characterized as
Windy attorneys of their clients woes,
Airy succeed ers to intestate joys;
Poor breathing orators of miseries.
or, he fails in his attempt and returns to
the farm utterly unfitted for its simple
duties and cares, feeling that he is an
eagle whose wings were cruelly clipped.
If only he had realized his limitations
he might have been a posperous farmer,
and. by using his talents and superior
abilities have become pre-eminent in his
own line.
We need brains and first-class quali-
ties in our kitchens and on our farms.
Education should not unfit one for his
station in life, but only enable him to fill
it more nobly, more intelligently, more
successfully. Great opportunities do not
- have to be sought: they come to the
man who is capable of higher things.
We conclude, therefore, that Ameri-
cans are born socially equal only in re-
spect of privilege; that is, any man may
scale the social ladder unhampered by
the disadvantages of an obscure or hum-
ble origin. But only insofar as we
prove to other nations that socially, as
well as politically, the voice of the people
insures the prestige of the best, the most
select element, do we demonstrate the
superiority of the rule of the many over
the rule of the few.
What, then, are the qualities which
should entitle one to social pre-eminence
in America? Refinement, culture, and
above all, that delicate preception
which enables one to recognize these at-
tributes in another, no matter what his
environment may be; these, together
with the generous qualities and the gen-
tle manners which prompts him to accord
to that other his proper position without
the least suspicion of patronage. With-
out these fundamental qualifications no
amount of ability or wealth or influence
should enable a man to secure for him-
self admittance to the charmed circle of
American patricians. The last expres-
sion, seemingly at variance with the
spirit of our institutions, I have used in-
tentionally, not to describe any exclusive
and select set of newspaper notoriety, but
as a brief characterization of those indi-
viduals who possess the true nobility
which I have tried to define above.
Granting, then, that there is need of
reform in this direction, where should
the good work begin? I should answer
with Mrs. Birney, "In the home lies the
only solutions of the problems which
confront the world today." For it is
only after settling this point, as well as
all others, as individuals and then as
families, that we can decide for the world
at large what is the best way to promote
intelligent association among people of
culture and refinement.
In pursuance of this thought I have
decided to follow the fortunes of an
American family through their experien-
ces of social life, first in a large Eastern
city, later in a village of the Midland
states, and finally in a small city on the
THE TWENTIETH CENTURY PROBLEM.
67
Western coast. The practical knowl-
edge gained by them through personal
observation of the trials and difficulties to
be met with in keeping their social circle
ideal, may help others. in dealing with
the same problem.
The Trenants were often spoken of as
exclusive people, which was probably ac-
counted for through the fact that they
never identified themselves with any
particular set, though they had the
entre of all. Their wealth alone would
have ■ secured their admission to the
highest set, while the fact that they could
trace their descent from one of the "first
families of Virginia," entitled them to a
prominent place in that more select cir-
cle whose members pride themselves up-
on their ancient lineage and affect family
trees.
Mr. Trenant's birth and training had
united to make him one of those un-
usual individuals in whom aristocratic
feeling and democratic principles seem
perfectly combined. His wife was a
woman of rare personality whose force
and beauty of character had made her a
power in the home and a prominent fac-
tor in shaping the lives of her husband
and children. During her early married
life there was little time for social pleas-
ures, but, believing as she did, that wo-
man's loftiest sphere is the home, and
her highest duties those of the wife and
mother, she did not crave other associa-
tions than that afforded by her family
and the small, but well chosen, circle in
which she had moved as a girl. Be-
tween her husband and herself ex-
isted that mental and spiritual af-
finity which makes a perfect marriage,
and their children grew up in an atmos-
phere of intellectual thought and refine-
ment which is the highest culture.
It was the desire of their children for
the society of congenial young people
that first confronted them with the prob-
lem of how such association was to be
brought about in these days, and at first
sibht it seemed difficult of solution. The
children of their own friends had been
swept into the whirl of fashionable soci-
ety whither, as yet. the young Trenants
had not cared to follow, but now, at last,
thev were yearning for a larger social
circle and their parents were filled with
something like dismay.
They, themselves, had always gloried
in "the right of social discrimination of
all persons and things according to their
merits, native or acquired," which is the
peculiar privilege of every American,
and should they deny this liberty to their
children? After all, it is only the exer-
cise of a power that can develop it, and
unless in youth one acquires the ability
to discern between persons and things
that differ, he will lack the true judicial
faculty which should crown mature age.
So this wise father and mother decided to
allow their sons and daughters to learn for
themselves the limitations and possibili-
ties of American society, trusting to the
instincts with which they were born and
the principles engendered by their early
training to guide them in distinguishing
the true from the false, the best element
from that which is mediocre.
These young people exercised, there-
fore, the new and sacred "right of dis-
crimination," not only in the great gen-
eral world, but also in those special
cliques whose chosen few were supposed
to have run the gauntlet of society and
to have come out unscathed at the end.
It mattered not, to them, that the B — 's
were social leaders and immensely rich.
They did not come up to the standards
of the young Trenants intellectually or
morally. Therefore the latter refused
them recognition as equals. The C — 's
were moral enough, but exceedingly
vulgar and ostentatious. The M — 's
were snobs whose affectations and pre-
tentions marked them as mere parvenus.
The W — 's had the advantage of educa-
tion and travel, but were so fearfully con-
scious of their money and the influence
and position it brought them that they
were simply unsufferable. The L — 's,
who were grasping madly for a culture
they were incapable of acquiring, were
almost worse than the others.
So these young people were deciding
"that all is vanity and vexation of spirit"
when Mrs. Trenant offered a new sug-
gestion. Why not try that exclusive cir-
cle of old families who boast of the gen-
erations of blue blood that runs in their
veins, and never allow upstarts among
them?
They grasped the idea immediately.
68
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
Here, at least, where poverty was often a
badge of honor, one would not meet with
the vulgarity of the nonveau riche, and
these enthusiasts rejoiced that they had
the qualifications to enter the charmed
circle. They were received with open
arms by the colonial dames. When they
had time to look around them carefully
they realized that an American aristocra-
cy, founded on birth alone, was not only
the worst of all aristocracies, but su-
premely ridiculous. Not only did these
people lack the enterprise that a new
spirit imparts, but many of them were
without the ability, brains and even edu-
cation which had won for the persons
they affected to despise a prominent place
in more general society. They were al-
lowing their pride of birth to become a
mania which warped their judgment of
people to such an extent that a man's
ancestors could cover a multitude of
sins in himself.
The result of this last experience was
a family council in which it was conclud-
ed by all that they knew no class of peo-
ple which, as a whole, possessed all the
qualities necessary to congenial as-
sociation. What, then, should they do?
Forego social pleasures altogether and
form of themselves a little exclusive cir-
cle where they could gain the mental
and spiritual refreshments so necessary
to all lives?
Better to be alone in a rare atmos-
phere than to be stifled by the pressure
of false conditions. But they had to ac-
knowledge that this plan would not be
ideal in all respects, for, if they followed
it, they would lack the advantages that
only the contrast with other personalities
can give. They might even grow as nar-
row and self-centered as the "old fami-
lies," and that was not to be endured.
Here Mrs. Trenant again came to the
rescue with the happy thought — why not
constitute of themselves a nucleus around
which all could gather who wanted just
what they had been seeking, and, like
themselves, had failed to find?
The idea was received with enthusi-
asm, but what special qualities should
they require in persons who wished to
join them? Mrs. Trenant was ready for
this question and answered it promptly.
"Refinement and culture, of course,
are essential qualifications, but these
alone will not suffice. There are many,
especially among the 'old families,' who
would answer to that description exact-
ly, but they would never be capable of
acknowledging that the same qualities
could exist in persons who are not as
well born as themselves. Then, among
new families of the fashionable set,
are those in whom education and
travel and their innate possiblities have
developed these same characteristics;
but these, while recognizing culture
and refinement in obscure and unknown
people, through selfishness and fear of
criticism, would fail to accord to them
their true position, and, forgetting that
no real lady or gentleman could ever
give or receive such patronage, might
treat them with condescension. These
two classes of individuals could not get
along together and would exclude from
our circle many other persons whom we
want in it. It is clear that every one
whom we admit ought to possess that
measure of appreciation which will en-
able him or her to judge another for
what he is, not for what he has."
Unanimous in praise of' this plan, they
were intensely eager to put their theories
into practice, and so the circle was born.
It was surprising how rapidly it grew,
and how many charming people they
found to increase their number. These
were culled from all grades of society,
but no one ever asked about another,
"Who is he?" It was sufficient to know
that every man was a gentleman and
every woman a lady. "One never meets
and other kind of person at the Tren-
ants', who exercise wisely the right of
selection and believe in the 'survival of
the fitest' in the field of social life," said
a friendly critic. Everyone seemed hun-
gry for just such association, from the
popular author — that lion of the day —
to Miss Jones, the governess, who was a
lady to the finger-tips, though so far she
had met with little social recognition
which was not patronizingly given.
From this time forth the teas, recep-
tions and dinners at the Trenants' home
were delightful affairs which were looked
forward to with pleasure by all who were
<A TWENTIETH CENTURY PROBLEM.
69'
fortunate enough to be invited to them.
One was always eager to go and loth to
come away from these interesting as-
semblies where obscure medical stu-
dents, embryo artists, struggling young
lawyers and poor journalists were as
welcome as those who had already won
fame and honor and wealth, where one
came in contact with the best thought
and intellect of the day with great minds
and souls who were simple and spon-
taneously happy in manner.
In time this family scattered and its
members had opportunities of trying in
new communitites, under different con-
ditions, the methods which had been
crowned with such success in their old
home.
The lot of one daughter, Mrs. S — ,
was cast in a small mining town in the
Middle West, and many were the trials
she met with in holding to her standards.
Only in applying the motto "Better that
the individual suffer than that the law
perish," did she learn that true philan-
thropy does not obliterate distinctions.
It was necessary to be as wise as a ser-
pent and as harmless as a dove, for, in a
place so small, selection is apt to be con-
sidered a personal affront by those wno
are without the pale. Therefore, it was.
only by exercising rare tact that she was
able to keep her home inviolate, and to
win, at the same time, the good will of
everybody.
There was one public school in the
place where the children of all classes
trudged hand in hand along the paths
of knowledge with never a thought that
in later life some must be the servants of
others, and here arose a complication.
Mary Ann, the cook, was a farmer's
daughter who had associated at school
with the best people of the town, hence
she expected to sit down with the family
at meals on the plea that "she was as
good as anybody." "The point," said
Mrs. S — , kindly, but firmly, "is not
whether you aVe good enough to eat at
my table, but whether you are willing to
conform to the customs of my house-
hold, one of which is that my servants
eat in the kitchen." And Mary Ann
conformed.
Just as skillfully did the little lady
avoid being on terms of intimacy with
her butcher's wife, or her gardener's
family, but all of these people had sub-
stantial proof of her warm interest in
their spiritual and temporal welfare, and
were convinced that she was, without ex-
ception the lovliest lady in town. A
comparison of her own position with
that of some of her friends who had
feared to adopt her theories, taught her
the truth of the old adage, "familiarity
breeds contempt." And thus she proved
that the same fundamental principles
with regard to the social problem apply
in a mining town or in any village that
hold good in a large Eastern city.
Perhaps the most discouraging ex-
perience of the Trenant family was met
by the daughter whose home was in a
small city on our Western coast. She
discovered that just as it had taken years
of brave and patient pioneer labor to de-
velop the physical resources of this new
country, so it would take years of the
same kind of advance work on the part
of some fine souls to evolve from the
present social chaos any such ideal circle
as she had left in her Eastern home.
Here the greatest danger is that of losing
one's ideals in a homesick longing for
association of some sort, and so being
swept into the general current. Only
by holding aloof from this, and waiting,
even for months and years, for congenial
souls with whom affiliation does not
mean deterioration, can one hope for
right society eventually.
I have used this family as an illustra-
tion because I believe that their experi-
ences, with slight variations, show the
difficulties which, beset people of intel-
ligence and refinement who are trying
today to bring about ideal social rela-
tions.
The Indian "Arabian Nights."
Being a Series of Indian Stories and Legends relating to the region around the mouth
of the Columbia River, Oregon.
<By H. S. LYMAN.
THE STORY OF KOBAIWAY.
,,%/OU will understand," said the
judge, as we went back another
day to Omopah, "that during
the days of the old chief, called Tlah-
Tsops, there must have been a large
primitive population dwelling upon this
peninsula. The old chief himself had
twenty wives, and his own family may
have numbered fifty people. The houses,
or lodges, in which they lived were com-
modious and fixed abodes made of
planks of split cedar, and roofed with
poles and pieces of bark laid like tiles.
The floor was sunk two or three feet
in the ground, and up from the ground,
about eighteen inches high, were laid all
around the walls long planks serving as
floor and seats and couches, while in
the center the earth was left bare upon
which to build the fire. Over the fire an
opening was made in the roof near the
ridgepole for the smoke to escape.
"Some of the houses were eighty feet
in length, each one large enough to ac-
commodate forty or fifty persons. As
at Tlah-Tsops, there were ten or a
dozen such houses; we may suppose
there were four or five hundred mem-
bers of the tribe. They had three main
villages, which were occupied according
to the season of the- year. That at
Tlah-Tsops was the summer home.
"Chieftainship was not necessarily be-
stowed upon the eldest son. It was not
even hereditary, but went to the one
who showed the most- address and abil-
ity. The chief was a father to his peo-
ple, directing all important affairs, guid-
ing public policy, and even conducting
trade,
"By the coming of Konapee, who
made, and taught the art of making, iron
knives, and still more by the coming of
other ships, which gradually sought the
Northwest coast for purposes of bar-
ter, the trade of the Tlah-Tsops and of
their neighbors across the river, the
Chinooks, began to assume considerable
importance, and these two tribes rose in
proportion in wealth and power among
the natives of the whole coast region
from which were gathered the waters of
the river. They easily saw that it was
much to their advantage to act as traders
between the white men, who came with
beads and blankets and scrap iron, and
the Indians of the interior. From time
immemorial, too, there had been a trade
between the interior tribes and the coast
or lower river natives. To make their
seines for salmon fishing, which were
dexterously woven out of wild flax, it
was necessary for the Chinooks and
Tlah-Tsops to trade with Indians of the
upper river for the fibre. The flax grew
better and stronger on the plateau in-
land. And for this flax fibre they ex-
changed the slender haiqui shells, a lit-
tle volute no larger around than a lead
pencil and slightly curved at the tip,
like the end of a tiny horn. The value
of these shells was reckoned by the
length ; one of a finger length was worth
a horse.
"As white men began to come to the
coast for barter, the articles of civilized
manufacture were carried to the interior,
for which not only the flax fibre, but also
the furs and other native products were
bought, and the Chinooks and Tlah-
Tsops became the leading people of all
the western shore. And their language,
or the jargon founded upon it, mixed
with some French and Spanish ex-
pressions, became the universal lan-
guage of business.
"This vast increase of trade, and the
consequent rise in importance of the
THE INDIAN "cARABIAN SNJGHTS."
71
tribe, added greatly to the cares and
labors of the chief, and Kobaiway, suc-
ceeding the old Tlah-Tsops, must have
been a man of much ability to maintain
his position.
"At some time, perhaps while he was
.still quite a young man, there came a
severe test of his qualities. We may
believe that it was when he was not far
frcm beginning his career as chief, and
the tribes with whom he had to do
would be most likely to take advantage
of his inexperience.
"At the Cascades, just above the rap-
ids, in the bend or basin of quiet water,
was the trading ground of all the tribes,
of both the upper and lower river. It
was neutral ground and under the sa-
cred protection of the gods, who guar-
anteed safety to all. It was a wild and
magnificent place, buttressed by mighty
mountains. Up to the very gates of
dawn the great river stretched, a shin-
ing silver highway, with here and there
a rocky isle gemming its smooth sur-
face. Below, the waters contracting,
turned sharply and fell into roaring
rapids.
"It was to this place, at the upper end
of the Cascades, that Kobaiway came
trading, having left, as was customary,
"his canoe at the foot of the rapids, and
brought his boatmen with the luggage
and barter by way of the path along the
shore. He was well treated by the Cay-
uses, the people with whom he came
to trade, but the fact that he was a new
chief was probably known, and it was
whispered by the crafty tribe that while
he could not be molested at the trading
ground, he would be unprotected on the
pathway down the rocky shore when he
returned toward his canoes.
"At all events, while Kobaiway and
his party were passing along the
narrow trail, winding in and out among
the boulders and thickets, heavily cum-
bered with their recent purchases, they
were suddenly attacked by the crafty
Cayuses whose intention it was to let
not one of the party escape. So swift
(To be Continued.)
and unexpected was the onslaught that
the Tlah-Tsops had no chance to make
a defense and all were cut down save
Kobaiway who walked in advance of the
rest. Kobaiway was unarmed, but car-
ried in each hand a heavy drinking cup
made of the horn of the Rocky Moun-
tain sheep and richly and fantastically
carved. They were recent purchases
and were valued highly, butit is not likely
they were ever designed to serve the
purpose to which Kobaiway put them in
his dire extremity. Two of the enemy
set upon him fiercely, when, turning
with sudden swiftness, he lifted the horn
cups and brought them down with resist-
less force upon the heads of the foe,
stretching them at his feet. In another
instant he had disappeared in the woods.
"Then followed a long wandering for
Kobaiway, alone and oppressed by the
loss of his party. He dared not return
to the river immediately, but struck deep
into the mountains, following the track
of wild animals, and avoiding all pos-
sible encounter with men. At last, how-
ever, he judged that he was safe from
pursuit and turned his face again toward
the river.
"Weary and half famished, he finally
emerged from the forest and found him-
self upon a cliff overlooking the broad
waterway that stretched westward to-
ward his home. There was a thick haze
over the river and he could see nothing,
but, borne upon the wind came the regu-
lar throb of a club beating the side of a
great canoe. Like a distant drum it sound-
ed, and as he listened he knew that his
own people were mourning the death of
one of the tribe. As it drew nearer he
could distinguish the wailing dirge and
knew that they mourned the death of
their chief, seeking to ease his wander-
ing spirit on its way to the happy hunt-
ing ground by making their lament near
the scene of the tragedy. Kobaiway
speedily discovered himself to them and
with them returned to his own land.
But that was not the end of it for Kobai-
way."
While the Ship Sailed.
<Ey F. von KETTLER.
tik LL aboard! All aboard!" shout-
J\ ed a voice from the big Atlan-
tic liner, "Umbria," ready
to leave the wharf for her regu-
lar trip to Liverpool. The ship bell
sounded loud and clear, as a cab drove
up close to the wharf, from which a tall,
athletic man jumped quickly, and hur-
ried towards the gang-plank.
"Just in time, by Jove!" he exclaimed,
"that was a close shave! one minute
later and I would have missed the boat."
He pushed his way through the
throng of people hastily leaving the
ship. The ropes were loosened and the
big ocean greyhound slowly moved from
the wharf.
Sidney Huntington found his state
room, and, after arranging his belong-
ings to his satisfaction, lit a cigar and
went on deck to have a last look at the
city of New York, which already was
fading in the distance. Leaning on the
starboard railing and indulging in an
idle man's privilege, namely, dreaming
of all kinds of possible and impossible
things, he was roughly awakened out of
his reverie by a hearty slap on the back
and a cheerful voice crying:
"Hello, Sid, old man! What are you
doing here? Going to honor Europe
with your august presence, eh?"
Sidney turned and faced his old col-
lege chum, Jack Knowles, whom he had
not seen since he left Yale, three years
before.
They shook hands.
"I can't tell you how glad I am to see
you, Jack-! I thought I would have a
rather lonely trip across, but now that is
out of the question. Where are you go-
ing after our arrival in Liverpool?"
"I don't know yet," answered Jack.
"Wherever fancy takes me. I have no
distinct plans. Travel about Europe for
awhile, taking in London, Paris, Vienna
and Berlin, visiting some of the watering
places, and, perhaps, Switzerland and
Italy. And yourself? What are your
intentions?"
"The same as yours," replied Sidney.
"Very indistinct. Let us make the tour
together, we'll be company to each other
and we'll enjoy ourselves to our heart's
content."
"All right," acquiesced Jack Knowles,
heartily, "nothing would suit me better.""
"I say, Sid," Jack continued, "have
you seen our fascinating traveling com-
panion yet? She is about the prettiest
little thing I have seen for some time.
I just got a glimpse of her when she
came on board; but that one glimpse
was sufficient to make my heart go pit-
a-pat. Of course I went straight to the
purser to find out her name. He told me
that he believed her to be a young wid-
ow, trying to console herself for the loss
of a much lamented husband. Her name,
he said, is Mrs. Harvey."
"Hello," said Sidney, "at it again f
Your easily influenced heart on fire as
usual! Well, if she is a widow, I will
not break a lance with you in her behalf.
You know my aversion to widows, es-
pecially young widows."
The next moment Huntington and
Knowles were on the after deck, idly
waching the long, silvery trench plowed
by the big steamship, when Jack, sud-
denly grasping Sidney's arm, excitedly
whispered:
"Look, look! There she is!"
^Who? Where?"
"The widow, of course! you idiot f
Don't you see her? There, that lady in
grey; she is speaking to the captain now.
By Jove, they are coming this wav."
Mrs. Harvey was a very pretty wo-
man, with lovely auburn hair, waving
about a square, low brow; violet, liquid
eyes that had a way of turning black
under excitement, and lips as kissable as
a baby's. She was talking gaily to her
companion as they approached.
"What do you think of her?" whisp-
WHILE THE SHIP SAILED,
73
<ered Jack.
"I'll tell you later about that," was the
quiet reply.
"Lucky dog, that captain! I wish he
would give us an introduction. I think
it downright mean of him to keep her
entirely to himself. He won't give a
fellow a show," grumbled Jack. "Well
I'll have to manage somehow to get ac-
quainted with her."
The sun was shining brightly; the
decks were crowded with people,
brought up by the beautiful warm wea-
ther.
Mrs. Harvey, with an open book lying
unread in her lap, was looking across
the deep waters in an idle, listless fash-
ion. Unknown to her Sidney Hunting-
ton was standing a few paces behind her
•chair, watching her intently, when sud-
denly a gust of wind swept across the
deck, among other things taking Mrs.
Harvey's book with it. Like a flash
Sidney darted to the rescue.
"I am afraid that you will find your
took somewhat the worse for its esca-
pade, Madam," he said, as he gallantly
returned it to its owner.
"Thank you, very much," said the
widow, blushing. "I am sorry to have
given you so much trouble. It was very
careless of me."
"The wind sprang up rather sudden-
ly," said Sidney, in response. "It would
have taken anybody by surprise."
At that moment another violent gust
shook Mrs. Harvey's chair.
"Oh!" she sighed regretfully, "it's too
bad, I am afraid I will have to go inside;
it is geting too breezy for me."
"Don't go yet," he begged. "Let me
bring you some rugs and things."
Without awaiting her answer, Sidney
dashed off and presently returned with
an armful of steamer rugs.
"Here they are," he said, and arrang-
ing the things carefully around her.
"This will be warm enough for you, I
trust. I hope to induce you to remain
on deck a little longer."
"Thank you very much," said Mrs.
Harvey, gratefully.. "This is what I call
solid comfort. Most of the passengers
have gone inside, I suppose. They are
not as hardy as you and I."
"You seem to be a good sailor, Mrs.
Harvey?" he said gallantly.
The widow looked up in surprise.
"You have the advantage of me," she
said. "You know my name, while I am
in ignorance of yours."
"I beg a thousand pardons," he hur-
riedly explained. "I heard Captain Sea-
brook address you as Mrs. Harvey and
took advantage of my eavesdropping."
And then, raising his cap, "my name
is Huntington, Sidney Huntington,
madam."
"I am very glad to have made your
acquaintance," answered Mrs. Harvey,
cordially offering her hand.
Around the corner of the companion-
way came the short, fat figure of Jack
Knowles with bowed head, struggling
against the strong breeze, and seeing
Sidney, but not preceiving the latter's
companion, who was hidden by the
bulkhead, against which Sidney was
leaning, cried out:
"What in the devil are you doing
there the whole afternoon, and in this
beastly weather, too?" Then coming
closer, and seeing the lady, "Oh, beg
pardon, beg pardon," he added con-
fused.
"Mrs. Harvey," said Sidney, without
taking notice of this tirade, "kindly al-
low me to present to you my friend, Mr.
Jack Knowles."
Sidney soon became the fascinating
widow's constant companion. They
walked the deck together. Together they
sat, always talking and laughing, and
making pook Jack miserable. Together
they watched passing ships through Sid-
ney's field glass, and in the evenings
were partners at whist.
"I believe I am in love," mused Sid-
ney one day, "and with a widow! Who
would have believed it! Sid, old man!
this won't do! You must keep away
from her. She is such a lovable little
thing, though. If only she were not a
widow ! I wonder what kind of man her
husband was? and who he was? and how
he happened to come to his death? It's
strange, she never mentions him; as a
rule these interesting widows are very
fond of speaking of the 'dear departed.' "
"Not dancing attendance, Sid? How
is that?" questioned Jack Knowles, com-
74
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
ing into the stateroom and interrupting
his friend's thoughts.
"I fail to understand you," answered
Sidney, with a forbidding frown on his
handsome face.
"I meant no offense, old man," hur-
riedly apologized Jack. "But never-
theless you are beastly selfish. You
monopolize the pretty little widow and
anybody can see that she has no eyes
for any fellow but you."
"I wish you would refrain from draw-
ing Mrs. Harvey's name into the conver-
sation."
"Why, Sid, old man; what is the mat-
ter? We are not going to quarrel over
a little thing like this, are we?"
"Certainly not, Jack, but you know it
is out of place to make light of any
lady's name in this fashion. Let's us go
down and have a glass of sherry and a
biscuit, or something."
"By Jove," muttered Jack to himself,
"who would have thought it. He has
got it bad, and with a widow! The
eighth wonder, and no mistake."
Notwithstanding Sidney's good reso-
lutions, he found himself in Mrs. Har-
vey's company as much as ever. One
afternoon, as the voyage was nearing
its end they stood together leaning over
the rail.
"Mrs. Harvey," remarked Sidney, "in
about thirty-six hours we will have ar-
rived in Liverpool. Will you be glad or
sorry to finish this part of your trip?"
"That question is difficult to answer,"
she /replied musingly. "I certainly shall
be glad to see terra firma again, al-
though we have had an enjoyable trip."
"Mrs. Harvey," answered Sidney, "I
shall remember this voyage as long as I
live. To me it is a dream, a dream from
which I never wish to be awakened."
"What! Are you so fond of the
ocean?" asked she demurely, lowering
her eyes.
He looked at her passionately.
"Yes," he said, "I adore the ocean, or
any other place, where you are! Won't
you let me tell you how much I love
you, how in the short time I have known
you I have learned to care for you with
an undying love?"
He made a movement to approach her,
but she drew away, whispering:
"We are not the onlv people on
deck."
"I don't care who is on deck," said he,
looking fondly at her. "I see only you;
it seems to me we are floating alone on
the ocean, and that there is no one else
in the wide world but our two selves."
"But, listen to me, Mr. Huntington, "I
have something to tell you, something
you must hear before you go any far-
ther. I am not what you think I am."
"Not what I think you are? I know
that you are the dearest, lovliest woman
in the world, and I know that life would
be unendurable without you."
"Please listen to me," she pleaded.
"Although I am afraid that you will not
have such a good opinion of me after I
have told you all."
"Whatever you tell me will not alter
my love for you; that I am sure of."
"First of all, my name is not Mrs.
Harvey."
"Not Mrs. Harvey?" he asked aston-
ished, "then what is it?"
"Lewellyn is my name, Nellie Lew-
ellyn."
"Mrs. Nellie Lewellyn?"
"No, Miss Nellie Lewellyn."
"Then you are not a widow? But why
this incognito?"
"To relate my story properly," she
commenced, "I want to go back five
years, when my poor father died, leaving
me an orphan, 17 years of age. my
mother's death having occurred seven
years previous to that. We had never
been rich and I found myself alone in
the world, with $300 as my all. I realized
that I would have to earn my own liv-
ing, consequently I went to Boston and
there attended a good business college
for one year, and applied myself dili-
gently to my studies. At the expiration
of that year I was able to secure a posi-
tion in a large business house at a salary
of $40 a month, which gradually increas-
ed to $75. During three years of hard
work my one hope and longing was to
see Europe, and by living carefully and
attending steadily to my work and never
taking a vacation, I have been able to
save $500, with which I concluded to
take a three months' vacation and see
the Old World."
"But what has all this to do with Mrs.
WHILE THE SHIP SAILED.
75-
Harvey? Where does she make her ap-
pearance?' asked Sidney, impatiently.
"Wait," answered Nellie, "you will
soon hear from her. Knowing that it
was not the correct thing in Europe for
a girl to travel without a chaperone, I
puzzled my brain to find a way out of
the difficulty. In vain did I advertise in
several papers for a married lady who
intended to go to Europe and would
care to travel in my society. Then a
happy thought entered my mind. Why
should not I go as a married woman, or
a widow or something. Nobody would
see through the disguise, and when I
got back I could resume my own name.
Was it very wrong of me?" she contin-
ued. "Do you think any less of me for
it, Mr. Huntington?"
"My darling! If you only knew how
glad you have made me with your re-
cital?" he said happily. "But do you
know that I also have a confession to
make?"
"You have a confession to make?
What! is not your name Sidney Hunt-
ington?"
"I am Sidney Huntington, all right,"
laughed he, "but when I first saw you I
made up my mind not to like you."
"You need not do it if you don't want
to," was Nellie's saucy answer.
"Oh, but I could not help it in spite
of myself. Ever since my earliest boy-
hood I have had a hearty aversion for
widows, young or old, pretty or other-
wise, without any exception whatever.
"And now, sweetheart," he continued,
"you do care for me a little, don't you?
Won't you let me take you to my
dear old aunt, who resides in Liverpool,
and won't you marry me as soon as pos-
sible, and let me accompany you on
your three months' tramp and call it our
honeymoon trip?"
"But, Mr. Huntington, you know so
little of me."
"Please do not call me Mr, Hunting-
ton," he begged, "let it be Sidney. I can-
never know you better than I do now,
sweetheart. You will promise to love
and to marry me, won't you?"
"I suppose I must say 'yes,' " she an-
swered, looking at him, the light of love
shining out of her beautiful eyes.
"Now I am the happiest man in the
world," cried Sidney. "Here comes Jack,
I must tell him of my good fortune.
Jack! Jack!" he called, and when Jack
approached:
"Permit me to introduce you to my
affianced bride, Miss Nellie Lewellyn."
"Miss Nellie Lewellyn?" said the as-
tounded Jack, looking from one to the
other, "affianced bride?"
And getting behind Sidney he looked
questioningly at Nellie, rapping with a
finger of one hand at his own temple,
while with the other hand he pointed at
Sidney.
"Poor fellow! The sea voyage must
have done it!"
"Done what?" said Sidney, turning
quickly, "what are you doing there, you
ape? Oh, Jack does not know yet. Of
course not. I'll tell you later all about
it, old man. But now is the proper time
for you to congratulate, because as soon
as you arrive in Liverpool you will have
to buy a pair of white gloves to assist
me as best man at my wedding."
"I thought I might have had a chance
at the pretty widow myself," said Jack,
looking very crestfallen, "but as usual, I
am left in the cold again."
"You can have all the widows in the
land," interrupted Sidney, "but you
can't have Nellie."
"But," continued Jack, "if you will ac-
cept the blessing of a bachelor, from
now on a confirmed bachelor, you shall
have it."
"If I took your hand and pledged you
In a beaker of old wine,
I would simply then have hedged you
In this narrow world of mine.
If I seize your heart and take it,
I shall weary by-and-by;
I should long to own — and break it,
Though I could not answer why."
Every man, irrespective of political
affiliations, who has the welfare of his
country at heart, must view with alarm
the growing practice of levying for cam-
paign purposes upon office-holders and
others who may be effected by a change
of administration. While the necessity of
using money in politics must be depre-
cated, we look with some degree of al-
lowance upon it when the funds are
used solely for educating the public in
political issues. The end to which the
money is put, however, while it may, in
some rare instances, be good, though it
is generally bad, cannot alter the fact
that the means of collecting it, and often
the causes or motives which prompt the
giving, are corrupting and debasing.
There are usually three classes that con-
tribute to politics. The first, which con-
sists of thousands upon thousands is
forced each year to contribute to the poli-
tical coffers of the parties through means
that are little short of blackmail. They re-
sent but have no recourse. If they refuse
to contribute they are "blacklisted," and
soon find themselves out of office and
seemingly without "friends." Therefore
they have found it the part of wisdom to
submit to the inevitable with smothered
protests of indignation. The great ma-
jority of this class, however, soon learns
the way of politics, and a hardened con-
science enables them to pass over such
little things. The second class consists
of those who must contribute or lose
their political prestige, and the third of
those whose individual or private inter-
ests are involved in maintaining this or
that policy; but the man who contributes
freely and willingly because he wishes in
his heart to educate the masses in what
he believes to be the true and right prin-
ciples, one who helps because he places
patriotism higher than party loyalty,
whose motives are always pure and high,
is indeed a 'rara avis." The money
used, therefore, in political campaigns,
leaving entirely out of consideration the
effect of the end to which it is put, must
be considered bad in its influence upon
the individual and the state. When we
consider, however, the corrupting use
that is made of political money, it would
seem that the people would rise in their
indignation, and suppress what must be
acknowledged the most dangerous and
corrupting influence in American pol-
itics. For the line of demarcation be-
tween the necessary and legitimate and
the most unwarrantable and corrupt use
of political money is so dimly drawn that
we pass it almost unknown and with
but a step to reprehensible methods and
dangerous expedients. And the public,
accustomed to the use of money in poli-
tics, allows the matter to grow from bad
to worse, until the entire fabric of our po-
litical organizations is rotten, warp and
woof, while the storm of protest that such
a state of affairs should call forth is hush-
ed by a universal appeal to party loyalty.
Unfortunately, in this respect, at least,
the good is not all on one side and the
bad on the other; for, were it so,
we might keep all the good men in office
and all the bad out. But the parties are
equally culpable. The campaigns in
Ohio and Kentucky are but recent ex-
emplifications of this fact. It is difficult,
if not impossible, to find a direct remedy
for such conditions as these. A law for-
bidding office-holders from contributing
to a political party would be manifestly
ineffective. The only way, therefore,
and indeed the only way to get at all the
evils which threaten us through political
corruption, is for our respectable and
serious-minded men and women to con-
sider politics and government great and
serious things, demanding our highest
thought and best energies, and that our
offices are to be filled, not by political
tricksters, but by the ablest and purest
men we have. We must consider gov-
ernment a responsibility, a temporary
charge of tremendous import, not mere-
ly a source of spoils nor the object of a
OUR TOINT OF VIEW.
77
wild scramble for occupation. We
should see to it that the men
whom we put into office are such as will
carry out our wishes. As has been said,
"No one who is not at heart a good man
can be trusted to execute the will of a
good people." In casting our ballots,
we must consider men as well as parties.
9
Mr. Cecil Rhodes is a believer in the
theory that all young men should have
an equal start in life. He does not limit
himself, however, as most men do
who take a similiar stand, to the
matter of education. He goes
much farther. He believes that
a young man's interests are best subserv-
ed by his starting in life unhampered by
an income, and proposes to practice
what he preaches. Doubtless if sufficient
data on the subject could be obtained, it
would be found that Mr. Rhodes is very
close to being on the right track. Of
one thing we may be sure; there are
more young men who are prevented
from making the most of themselves and
their oportunities because there is no oc-
casion for exerting themselves, than
there are of those who fail because of
insufficient financial encouragement. Dr.
Ross, of Stanford, has said that "A man
is as lazy as he dare be ; a wise man,
therefore, puts himself where there will
be necessity for work." This is true of
all young men, and especially of those
who are not troubled with the struggle for
existence. Doubtless, then, the best
thing for the nation would be to have our
young men placed in such a condition
that 'here would be a necessity for their
exercl.-ing their mental and physical fac-
ulties to the greatest possible degree.
This is one of the problems for the
future.
9
In the days when Jean Paul Richter
wrote and dreamed the world was in a
spiritual mist — truth was received
through a semi-obscuring haze, and
much that the beautiful psychic philos-
opher said was considered mystical and
even meaningless by the great majority
who misunderstood or misinterpreted
him. But stripped of its voluminous
verbal drapery his thought, in sum and
substance, stands out in the clearer sun-
light of today definitely and unmistak-
ably great. It was the living truth he
voiced and the world is more wiiling to
hear the truth now than it was fifty years
ago, or even ten. There are few who
fail to understand the following, for it is,
I think, one of +he tenets of the "New
Religion": "There are a great many
Christians who say that God is near or
far off, that his wisdom and goodness
appear quite specially in one age or an-
other— truly that is an idle deception; is
He not the unchangeable, eternal love,
and does He not love and bless us at
one hour just as much as at another?"
And again: "As we ought properly, call
the eclipse of the sun an eclipse of the
earth, so it is man who is obscured,
never the Infinite."
The movement against woman suf-
frage which is now being conducted in
Oregon, is notable and interesting. The
fact that there is an organization of women
opposing the suffrage movement adds
spice to the situation, and will not be
without an important influence with the
voters. The situation furnishes the most
diverting proposition that has come up
in the political arena for a long time.
The announcement made in England
that the Boers 1iave forfeited their right
to independence, is, under the circum-
stances, the most pathetic incident of the
closing years of this century. "Might,
not right," is still England's motto.
The Rose of Day.
The day is opening like a rose —
Petal on petal backward curled,
Till all its beauty burns and glows,
And all its fragrance is unfurled.
The day is dying like a rose-
Soft leaf on leaf dropped down the sky
To gulfs of beauty where repose
The souls of exquisite things that die.
Ella. Higginson.
THE MEANING OF HUMAN EXISTENCE."
<5y T>R. 'DAVID STARR JORDAN, 'President of Leland Stanford, Junior, University.
Third Article in this Series.
Thoreau says that "there is no hope
for you unless this bit of sod under your
feet is the sweetest to you in this world —
in any world." Why not? Nowhere is
the sky so blue, the grass so green, the
sunshine so bright, the shade so welcome
as right here, now, today. No other blue
sky. nor bright sunshine nor welcome
shade exists for you. Other skies are
bright to other men. They have been
bright in the past and so will they be
again, but yours are here and now. To-
day is your day and mine, the only day
we have, the day in which we play our
part. What our part may signify in the
great whole we may not understand, but
we are here to play it and now is the
time. This we know, it is a part of
action, not of whining. It is a part of
love, not of cynicism. It is for us to ex-
press love in terms of human helpful-
ness. This we know, for we have learned
from sad experience that any other
course of life leads toward decay and
waste.
What, then, are you doing under these
blue skies? The thing you do should be
for you the most important thing in the
world. If you could do something bet-
ter than you are doing now, everything
considered, why are you not doing it?
If every one did the very best he knew,
most of the problems of 'human life
would be already settled. If each one
did the best he knew he would be on the
highway to greater knowledge and
therefore still better action. The re-
demption of the world is waiting only for
each man to "lend a hand."
It does not matter if the greatest thing
for you to do be not in i. self great. The
best preparation for greatness comes in
doing faithfully the little things that lie
nearest. The nearest is the greatest in
most human lives. Even washing one's
own face may be the greatest present
duty. The ascetics of the past who
scorned cleanliness in the search for
holiness became, for the most part,
neither clean nor godly.
It wae Agassiz's strength that he knew
the value of today. Never were such
bright skies as arched above him; no-
where else were such charming associ-
ates, such budding students, such secrets
of nature fresh to his hand. His was the
bouyant strength of the man who can
look the stars in the face because he does
his part in the Universe as well as they
do theirs. It is the fresh, unspoiled con-
fidence of the natural man, who finds the
world a world of action and joy, and
time all too short for the fullness of life
which it demands. When Agassiz died,
"the best friend that ever student had,"
the students of Harvard "laid a wreath of
laurel on the bier and their manly
voices sang a requiem, for he had been
a student all his life long, and when he
died he was younger than any of them."
Optimism in life is a good working
hypothesis, if blindness and self-satisfac-
tion be not its mainspring.
What if there are so many of us in the
ranks of humanity? That the individual
be lost in the mass as a pebble cast into
the Seven Seas? Would you choose a
world so small as to leave room for only
you and your satellites? Would you ask
for problems of life so tame that even
you could grasp them? Would you
choose a fibreless Universe to be "re-
moulded nearer to the heart's desire," in
place of the wild, tough, virile, man-
making environment to which the At-
traction of Gravitation holds us all?
It is not that "I come like water and
like wind I go." I am here today, andthe
moment and the place are real, and my
will is, itself, one of the fates that make
SMEN AND WOMEN. 79
and unmake all things. "Every meanest him, that all history should begin with
day is the conflux of two eternities" and him. But he could go no farther than
in this center of all time and space, for his own decree. Who are you that
the moment, it is I that stand.* Great is would be emperor of China?
Eternity, but it is made up of time. . „ , . M ,_ '». . , ^
Could we blot out one day in the midst The ^f Sakl from that bowl hath
of time, Eternity could be no more. The Millions of bubbles like us and shall pour."
power of man has its place within the
Infinite Omnipotence. Why not? Should life stop with you?
It is to us not a question of hope or What have you done that you should
despair, but of truth; not of op- mark the end of time? If you have play-
timism nor of pessimism, but of ed your part in the procession of bub-
wisdom. "Wisdom," as I have said bles, all is well, though the best you can
elsewhere, "is knowing what to do do is to leave the world a little better for
next; Virtue is doing it." Religion the the next that follows,
heart impulse that turns toward the If you have not made life a little richer
best and highest course of action. What and its conditions a little more just by
is our place? What have we to do next? your living, you have not touched the
Not in Infinity where we can do world. You are indeed a bubble. If
nothing, but here, today, the greatest- some kind friend somewhere turn down
day that ever was, for it alone is ours. an empty glass, it will be the best monu-
What matter is it thai, time does not ment you deserve. But to have had a
end with us? Neither with us does his- friend is to leave the glass not wholly
tory begin. An emperor of China once empty, for life is justified in love, as well
decreed that nothing should be before as in action.
When Edwardina Plays.
"When Edwardina her guitar
Takes from its well-worn case to play,
Anticipation leaps afar
In wondering what it will say —
When Edwardina plays.
Her hands and lingers move like thought
Up and down the quivering strings,
And harmonies divine are wrought
Like dreamland songs on angel's wings,
When Edwardina plays.
The evening thrush and whipporwill
Are hushed to list to sweeter tones —
Such tones as only woodlands fill
When Memnon's music wakes the stones — ■
When Edwardina plays.
The camp-fire flickers dim and low,
And brooding night's fantastic shades
(Whose ghostly arms swing to and fro)
Wild dances weave in grass-grown glades,
While Edwardina plays.
Oh, rare the mystic, magic rune
When swiftly, softly touching strings
There fall, like showers of star-dust strewn
The gifts of Love's imaginings,
When Edwardina plays.
The trees their listless branches droop,
The night grows luminous and clear;
The crickets form a listening troop,
And e'en the stars come out to hear
When Edwardina plays.
C. H. Sholes.
SOME SUGGESTIONS ON DOMESTIC ECONOMY.
<By GEORGE WH1TAKER, <Ph. <D.
The problem in every family is how,
with a given income, to secure larger re-
sults and to enjoy more home comforts.
Any suggestion looking to this end will
always be welcome.
A very helpful rule, and one which
should be adopted in every household,
is to live strictly within your income. A
margin at the end of a year or a month
is cheering and much to be desired. It
gives you a feeling of independence and
an ability to take advantage of the mar-
ket in purchasing supplies. And though
every wage-earner is tempted to spend
more than he receives, he will find him-
self well repaid if he will rigidly deny
himself in the matter of unnecessary ex-
penditures, and resist the temptation to
buy things that he desires, but can do
without. The gratification of a desire is
oftener than not an empty satisfaction.
It is a common failing to spend money
upon the impulse of the moment, care-
lessly and wastefully, which, with the ex-
ercise of a little thought and calculation,
might be used to some good purpose.
Indeed, it is a domestic duty to cultivate
a spirit of self-sacrifice for the good of
the home.
Care in providing and using material
for consumption on the table, in the
house, and on the farm adds to the ap-
preciation of values. A little wisely used
gives higher satisfaction than much
wasted. A prudent thoughtfulness in
purchasing and preparing food for the
table or for the barn, contributes greatly
to thrift and economy.
The first word in the lesson of self-
denial which all must learn who would
understand and practice domestic econ-
omy is "no." One little "no" in the
right place is worth a thousand "yeses."
As nothing is worse for good family
government than to gratify every wish
of the child, so nothing is more destruc-
tive to the building up and maintenance
of a modest home life than self-indul-
gence in needless luxuries.
Of two articles which can be purchased
at different prices select that which on
the whole will give the largest returns
for the amount invested. Shoes, for in-
stance, that cost $3 per pair may have-
more than three times the wearing qual-
ity of those costing $i, and it would be
economy to buy them. But if two pairs
of shoes costing $2 per pair outwear one
pair costing $4, it is better to buy the
cheaper articles. If two cords of wood
cost the price of one ton of coal and pro-
duce more heat, it is economy to burn
wood. As a rule in making purchases
a good article is cheaper than a poor
one. But there are exceptions to this
rule. Nothing is good if it is not needed.
If it meets a real want it is cheap at al-
most any price.
In making purchases for home sup-
plies advantage should be taken of the
season. A prudent family, having a
good cellar for storage, does well to lay
in enough in the way of fruit, vegetables
and so on in the fall when these things
are selling at low prices. Then, too, it
is always cheaper to buy in large quan-
tities. Goods that do not deteriorate in
keeping can thus be purchased at a
heavy discount.
The matter of diet is an important
one. More bread and less cake, more
vegetables and less meat, more mush
and less pie would be of incalculable bene-
fit to mankind. Laboring men whose
duties drain the physical forces need
richer food. It is economy to adjust the
supply to the tax upon the vital func-
tions of the toiler.
The garden is a powerful factor in the
economics of the family, and many a
poor man has largely lived on a cow.
Even a goat has been known to render
THE HOME.
81
valuable assistance. Work has much to
do with the question before us. Domes-
tics cost more than wages and board. In
many families this expense might be
saved to the immeasurable advantage of
the growing daughters if the boon of in-
dustry were conferred upon them. No
matter what her other accomplishments,
that girl is a beggar in heart and home
who is lacking in domestic knowledge
and skill. Forty domestics are no sub-
stitute for one domesticated daughter.
Cooking is an art, and in this line every
young woman should be an artist.
9
There are scores of texts upon which the
young wife will do well to heed exortation
— keeping herself beautiful and young and
her household cheerful, orderly and exquis-
itely clean; studying deeply the right selec-
tion of human foods; adapting herself to her
relations-in-law; liberally tolerating, if not
subscribing to, her husband's politics and re-
ligion; bravely defending him against the
adverse criticism of others, and never, never
censuring his weaknesses to relations or
friends.
Her Voice.
The poets praise in glowing terms,
Her eyes and face and hair,
And each one vies to clearly prove
Her fairest of the fair.
II.
And yet it is reserved for me,—
A lucky mortal I,—
As no one else to understand
Wherein her virtues lie.
III.
It is not form nor hair nor eyes,
Nor ways so debonair,
Though these would more than win
the gods
And hold them to her lair.
IV.
It is not blushing rosy cheeks,
Nor lips like cherries red;
It is not Love's own winning ways,
Nor honeyed word that's said.
V.
No! None of these could hold my heart
'Gainst Time's relentless tread;
They fade and die and are no more,
And love might then be dead.
VI.
But 0 ! the charm that holds ny heart,
Complete, a perfect whole,
Is the loving music of a voice
That fills my inmost soul.
VII.
'Tis soft and tender, sweet and low,
And thrills me through and through;
And when I hear it at the 'phone
I know that she is true.
VIII.
And when I hear it by my side,
It fills me with such bliss
That I am tempted oft again
To steal a hurried kiss.
IX.
No! 'tis not blushing rosy cheeks,
Nor lips like cherries red;
It is not Love's own winning ways,
Nor honeyed word that's said —
X.
But when her lips do form the words,
That speak her feelings true,
The sweetest, sweetest sounds combine,
For she coyly says,
"I love you,
I love you."
W. <B. W.
BLIX
By Frank Norris.
Doubleday & McClure, New York.
A famous physician of New York is
said to have introduced a lecture on
nervous diseases with the remark, "Gen-
tlemen, this world is full of four things:
Sin and sorrow and books and neuras-
thenia." A reading of Frank Norris'
latest novel will easily convince one that
it is a book that does not belong to the
calamity class.
In marked contrast to his earlier work,
"McTeague," its tone is hopeful and the
ethical purpose is predominant — to show
the latent possibilities in the average
man, when developed by the love of a
good woman. Mr. Norris is a realist and
paints his characters as he sees them,
actual flesh and blood people. The hero,
Condy, is a young journalist with no
special purpose in life until "Blix" Bes-
samer comes into it. "Blix" is a sensi-
ble girl, sisterly and resourceful, who
discovers when circumstances would part
them, that Condy is necessary to her
happiness. Her efforts to cure him from
gambling are both novel and interesting,
and might serve as a model for reformers
who realize the almost hopeless task of
fighting this evil. The other characters
are well drawn. Mr. Bessamer, with his
twin fads, homeopathy and mechanism
of clocks, and Captain Jack Hoskins,
with the true sailors' penchant for spin-
ning 'yarns." The captain's wife is as
unique, in her way, as Stockton's "Po-
mona." She is a queer mixture of senti-
mentality and common sense, with a
wonderful fund of knowledge, only lim-
ited by the slow issues of the "Ency-
clopedia" in installments, to which she
subscribed. The work is a fine bit of
character sketching. The author is a
genuine lover of nature, and his descrip-
tions of points of interest in and about
San Francisco, where the scene of the
story is laid, will appeal to all readers
familiar with that cosmopolitan town.
This romance lacks the exciting events
of "McTeague," and may be considered
weak in comparison, but coarseness and
brutality do not necessarily constitute
strength. D.
No matter how well told and clever a
story may be, we never forgive the au-
thor who, having the power to do so,
fails to make his heroine beautiful.
Therefore, we, the readers of that enter-
taining little book entitled "Blix," nat-
urally bear malice toward Mr. Frank
Norris. Compared to the horrible real-
ism of "McTeague," this story is almost
ideal. It would be admirable but for one
glaring and wholly unnecessary fault
that continually stares us in the face, or,
to be more literal, blinks at us from
every other page. If Mr. Norris had, in
delineating the physical charms of his
leading character, casually mentioned
that her eyes were not of the usual size
and then forever after held his peace re-
garding them, he might have been par-
doned. However, he neglects no oppor-
tunity to remind us that her eyes are
small. He even goes out of his way to
call attention to the fact that they are
little and twinkling. He makes a noble,
sensible, lovable, physically perfect crea-
ture, and then deliberately ruins his cre-
ation with a pair of tiny orbs that twin-
kle. If she had to have a defect, why
not have given her a moral one? Or, if
the exigencies of the case called for a
physical blemish, she might have walked
on crutches, worn a wig, or blondined
her hair. She might have been totally
blind — no eyes at all are preferable to
eyes that suggest rodents. The charac-
ter of the heroine does not harmonize
with her eyes. I refuse, therefore, to
consider her seriously. She is incongru-
ous. Let her creator confess that he has
no sense of the fitness of things and then
stop writing books. M.
'BOOKS.
83
ADVENTURES OF A TENDERFOOT.
By H. H. Sauber.
The Whitaker & Ray Company, San Francisco.
The adventures are related by the
"Tenderfoot" himself and are very pleas-
ant reading. The story deals with cattle
herding and Indian raids in the earlier
days of California. The "Tenderfoot"
begins at the beginning of his experi-
ences of frontier lite and goes on in a
simple, straightforward manner to< the
end of the story. Perhaps the highest
praise one can bestow is to admit that
the reader wishes the story were longer.
The following poem, entitled " What
Is the News," written in commemora-
tion of the death of Joseph Medill, editor
of the Chicago Tribune, is from a vol-
ume of verse by Frank Carleton Teck,
and is the gem of the collection:
"What is the news?" — he turned his head
And, waiting, innocent of dread,
Looked forward to the mystic way
Where on no eye of living day
Hath gazed since word of man was said; —
Aye, at the gateway of the dead,
Between the unread and the read,
He breathes the query of the day:
"What is the news?"
O Soul, here nobly tenanted,
From questioner to witness fled,
Tell us the glorious news that may
Else be denied a world for aye-
Tell us, O Soul, whence thou hast sped,
"What is the news?"
In The Mind's Domain.
In a fair domain is an ocean wrought
More fine than the woof of cloud or air,
And the mind will speed on the wings of
thought, 4
And sail on the lightsome billows there.
Like a lark which sings as it upward soars,
The mind will carol a glad adieu,
And the notes which sound on the star fleck-
ed shores
Axe the echoes fair to the music new.
There the star flecked shores are a dream of
pearl,
Where the poet roams with the blithesome
Hours; '
There the sage, like a ship in port, will furl
His wearied wings in the coral bowers.
There the artist finds a sweet delight
In the mazy hues of the crisping seas,
And the dulcet waves of the star gleams
bright
From the great composer's harmonies.
'Va.lentine Brovvn.
CONDUCTED BY CATHERINE COGGSWELL.
One of the best atractions on the road
one season, the most earnest of heavy
Shakespearean stars, the all-around
heavy legitimate company, touring the
N. P., was once placed in an embarras-
sing position by an unforseen and una-
voidable accident. Arriving in an East-
ern city belated and very weary,to find
the house sold out, the audience assem-
bled and the "Standing Room Only"
sign in full view. Without their supper,
the "troupers" filed past the brilliantly-
lighted front entrance to the grimy alley-
way that inevitably leads to the stage
door. Exactly why actors are shown so
little consideration in regard to dressing
rooms and stage entrances (their field of
labor) never has been discovered. The
evening referred to the property man
met the manager and star as they ascend-
ed the steps, with woe written on his
countenance. No luggage had arrived,
nor could arrive before the following
morning. There was a hasty consulta-
tion, ending in the resolve to give the
advertised play, "Virginus," in travelling
costume. Poor "Virginia" begged and
implored for a sheet and a few pins, but
was promptly suppressed by the stage
manager, who is always a most disagree-
able person, and the curtain rung up.
Imagine that beautiful classical piece
without accessories — picture Virginus in
a fur-lined overcoat; Virginia, with a
coquetish red toque that persisted, as she
was handed from the arms of her father
to her lover Icilius, in hanging rakishly
over her eye-brow — and so on through
the entire company of seven and twenty
people, ordinarily well clad enough for
hard winter travel, but certainly queerly
garbed for noble Romans.
The audience seemed to enjoy the per-
formance—^which was more than the ac-
tors did — and kindly refrained from
laughter, but the next morning's press
notices added insult to injury by invidi-
ous references and comparisons.
My days were dull and dark. They
dragged their weary length like an end-
less iron chain. The golden dreams of
youth came to me no more. The enthu-
siam, the hope, the ambition that had
fired me in my early prime had vanished,
I believed, never to return. I no longer
looked forward — the prospect was too
dreary. I had ceased to recall the past —
the light that had brightened my boy-
hood with promise for the future had
forever faded and there were many
things it was not well to remember. So
here on the bleak hill-top of middle age
I waited with unseeing eyes and dead-
ened senses — wondering in a vague, dull
fashion if it were worth while to be alive.
Then through a sudden rift in the
clouds a woman's face looked out, a
woman's smile flashed, like a ray of
heaven's sunlight, and a woman's "eyes,
tender as love's own illuminated the
world for me.
The touch of her hand set my pulses
singing a song of joy and hope reborn.
Out into the great wide wilderness of
wrecked ambitions, broken dreams and
lost desires God sent her to reclaim my
tired soul. From the beginning I had
loved her, and longed for her— and— I
might have waited till the gates of eter-
nity swung open before I found her. Ahf
I catch my breath when I think of it To
have missed her here! Then I should
have missed life itself for I lived not un-
til I knew her.
Two Answers.
Why do I love thee? Ask the robin singing
Why he pours out his heart in melody;
And when he tells thee why, his answer
bringing,
To me, I'll give it back as mine to thee.
When do I love thee? Ask the murmuring
river
When it flows onward to its goal, the sea,
And when it answer, "Ever and forever,"
that answer take, oh love, as mine to thee.
Tlorence May Wright
This Department is for the use of our readers, and expressions limited to six hundred words, are soli-
cited on subjects relating to any social, religious or political question. All manuscript sent in must bear
the author's name, though a nom deplume will be printed if so desired. The publishers will not, of course
be understood as necessarily endorsing any of the views expressed.
TWO REASONS WHY THE INDUSTRIAL CLASSES ARE OUT OF TOUCH WITH THE CHURCH.
This fall, a few days before the Y. M.
C. A. Night College opened, a man
came to us and wanted to take a practi-
cal course of study such as he could get
nowhere else in the city. He proved to be
a Hungarian, thirty years old, with a
family, and a shirt maker by trade. The
terms and arrangements seemed satis-
factory; still he hestitated, saying that he
was a "free thinker." Under these con-
ditions he questioned whether he could
still have the privileges sought.
This man was one of a class of thous-
ands who make a mistake in their
Lack of Knowledge of the Christian Church.
The larger part of our industrial class
is foreign, and to them this country was
to be the land of the free. In most Eu-
ropean countries the government and the
church are united. The tyranny of one
was the tyranny of the other. Here the
new comer was to be free from military
service, and free from the burdens of a
state church. Many of this class come
from countries in Europe where the
church has stood for repression, and in
Tcnown opposition to free schools and free
press. Again, many are infidel in their
thought towards religious matters, and
pride themselves that they are "free
thinkers," imagining that those who are
members of the churches in this country
have given up individual freedom of
thought, and accept the same system of
ecclesiastical bondage with which they
have been familiar in the old country.
They fail to realize that nowhere has
there developed such complete freedom
of thought as in that institution in Am-
erica known as the Christian Church.
Another reason that many of the in-
telligent Americans belonging to the in-
dustrial classes are out of sympathy with
the church is that they
Know the Church Too Well;
know the perfect teachings of its found-
er; know the high standard of its profes-
sion; know the inconsistency of caste or
class distinctions in the light of its
creed; and despise the church's com-
promising attitude in its attempt to win
the world.
Most of these are fully convinced that
the church, with its weekly display of
fashions, its conservative attitude to-
wards all reform movements, is out of
sympathy, not only with the industrial
class to which they belong, but to the lit-
eral teachings of the Christ.
In the strike of '94 I became quite fa-
miliar with a number of labor leaders,
and attended their meetings. I was sur-
prised to find that most of these leaders
were native Americans, and in their
speeches continually appealed to the
ethical righteousness of their position.
In almost every speech more New Tes-
tament Scripture was quoted than one
would hear in an ordinary Sunday
morning sermon. Their authority seem-
ed to be Christ and his teachings, yet
not one of them had any use for the or-
ganized church.
In speaking on this subject Prof. Her-
ron says: "The most significant fact of
the hour is the appeal of the social con-
science from Christianity to Christ. The
rising faith of the people and the dis-
cernment of both scientific and economic
prophets are alike turning to Jesus while
turning from the church. To the Chris-
tian church and its official attitude there
is the srongest antipathy and social dis-
trust; for Jesus there is an increasing
reverence and social loyalty."
H. W. Stone.
IN POLITICS—
Senator Morgan, of Alabama, in an
interview after the recent elections, said:
"Two questions were settled by the result.
McKinley will surely be the republican can-
didate on a gold-standard platform, backed
up by the plea of general prosperity through-
out the country and the demand from money-
lenders and the beneficiaries of trusts to let
well enough alone.
"The democrats will be obliged to make
the fight over again on the Chicago platform,
with Mr. Bryan as our candidate. The
money question cannot be eliminated from
the contest, and Mr. Bryan cannot be side-
tracked. He has made the fight for the
honor, and I do not know of any man in the
party who can rob him of his laurels.
"To my mind the money question will be
the predominating issue in the next cam-
paign. It could not be otherwise after the
recent elections. Even if the republicans de-
sired it otherwise and tried to force some
other issue to the front with Bryan at the
head of the democratic ticket, the financial
question will be forced upon them. There is
no escape from it. We must fight out the
next national contest on sustaining the Chi-
cago platform and free silver at 16 to 1.
"I hardly look for either expansion, im-
perialism or trusts to cut any material figure
in the next campaign. In my opinion, based
on information derived from my connection
with the subject of foreign relations, we will
hear very little about expansion and imper-
ialism a year hence. There is good reason
to believe the Philippines will be disposed
of, or practically so, before the next election
occurs."
*
The Nation says, anent the presi-
dential candidates, "The remarkable and
unprecedented situation today is that
half a year before the meeting of the
national conventions the choice of each
body is universally believed to be set-
tled."
Independent voting the recent elec-
tions show to be on the increase.
Lord Roseberry likens the Boers to
the Mormons, and says, "The Transvaal
question is not such a very complicated
one. It is," he thinks, "the effort of a
nation or a community to put back the
hands of the clock."
*■
The New York Journal editorially ad-
vises the Democratic party to "face the
truth," to "recognize, squarely, the fact
that the nation is for expansion." And
further says, "If the Democrats in con-
gress, united under the advice of Mr.
Bryan, will frankly accept expansion as
a basis of action, and will work to have
it carried out in a democratic and Amer-
ican way,
* * they can prepare the
way for the adoption by the Democratic
National Convention of a sound and
popular planK on the new issues of which
the people's minds are full." The sug-
gested plank reads as follows:
"The democratic party is for expansion
without imperialism. We believe in the
growth of the United States; not in the cre-
ation of an American empire with subject
dependencies. We believe that Porto Rico,
Hawaii and the Philippines should be given
all the privileges of American territories;
that they should have complete self-govern-
ment in local affairs; that the American
revenue laws should be extended to them,
and that their welfare should be so studied
that no great standing army would be re-
quired to keep them in subjection, but that
the defence of our sovereignty would rest,
as in all our other territories, upon the loyal
affection of the people."
IN SCIENCE—
A man in Michigan claims to have in-
vented a contrivance which dispenses
with the services of a stenographer. He
says that by connecting a phonograph
with a typewriter through an ingenious
electrical arrangement he can talk into
the phonograph and the typewriter will
reproduce what he says. His statements
have not been substantiated.
iSaval tests made on the warships New
York and Massachusetts, of the Marconi
system of wireless telegraphy, were suc-
cessfully conducted over a distance of
forty-five miles. Beyond this distance
the experiments were not wholly satis-
factory. '
THE HOME.
87
Trees and shrubs are being planted
along the Suez canal to protect it from
drifting sands. The experiment, thus
far, is attended with good results.
A young Danish engineer has invented
a contrivance for connecting a phono-
graph of special construction with the
telephone. In the absence' of the person
for whom the telephonic communication
is intended, the phonograph receives it
and repeats it to him on his return.
Count Zepplin's new air ship is de-
scribed as having a lifting capacity of ten
tons, and it is all of aluminum. Its total
cost is said to have been £70,000 and
its plans were approved by a commis-
sion including many of the leading scien-
tific experts in Germany.
IN LITERATURE—
Mrs. Humphrey Ward has completed
her novel after a year's work upon it,
and it is to appear in serial form in Har-
per's Magazine, beginning January,
1900. The title is "Eleanor," and the
setting is Italian.
"David Harum" shows no falling off
in sales; "Richard Carvel" is in its nine-
teenth edition, and "Janice Meredith" in
its fifth.
Two books, "A History of Wireless
Telegraphy" and "Telephotography,"
will appear shortly. Both of them will
be illustrated.
Jacob A. Riis will publish a volume
containing studies of various social prob-
lems. The title of tne book is "A Ten
Years' War; Being the Fight Made for
a Decent Living In the Tenement."
*-
F. D. Millet, special correspondent
for the London Times and Harper's
Weekly, has put his observations of Gen-
eral Merritt's expedition to the Philip-
pines into a book which is just coming
out. The volume is profusely illustrat-
ed.
IN ART—
The Portland Sketch Club found its
quarters in the Worcester block too
small to accommodate the November ex-
hibition, and accepted the offer of the
Library Association to occupy the large
west room of the library building. The
exhibition comprises the club's work in
oil, water color and charcoal for the
year, and is by far the most creditable
ever held in Portland. There are thirty
members in the club and twenty-five ex-
hibitors. Mr. John Gill shows a water
color, a grey shore line with a grey sea
rolling in under a grey sky. Miss
Stephens has a number of pictures hung,
both in water and oil. Her work is
noticeable for originality of conception
and treatment. Harry Wentz shows
some striking woodland effects. The
January issue of the Pacific Monthly
will contain a history of the Sketch Club.
In the Youth's Companion's Ama-
teur Photographic Competition last
month, Edgar Felloes, of Port-
land, Oregon, won the grand prize
— a silver vase, and also the first
prize of forty dollars. His contribution
is a set of five platinotypes. "A High-
land Shepherd" is given highest rank as
a portrait, and in creative art "The Mar-
chioness" is considered his best work.
In this competition, in which there were
fourteen hundred competitors and
thousands of pictures, Mrs. Wiggins,
of Salem, Oregon, took the second
prize in the woman's class. The
first was awarded to Mrs. Emma Farns-
worth, of Albany, New York.
The Ferry Museum, of Tacoma, has;
an art school in connection, and a corps,
of able instructors who have won recog-
nition both here and abroad.
9 i
There will be a notable picture sale in
February, 1900, in New York. The
American Art Association will sell at
auction Mr. William T. Evans' collec-
tion of American paintings.
Miss Cecilia Beaux, of Philadelphia,
has been appointed a member of the art
jury for the Paris Exposition. She is
88
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
the only woman on the jury, and is
America's greatest woman painter of
portraits.
Charles Dana ' Gibson's fifth annual
exhibition of drawings opened at the
Keppel Gallery, New York, November
16th.
The first large exhibition of the year
opened last month in the American Fine
Arts Gallery, in New York, and consisted
of the work of the Water Color Club.
This is the club's tenth annual exhibi-
tion. The place of honor was given to
Albert Herter's "Patricia." John La
Farge exhibited two sea canvases, and
Mildred Howells, daughter of the novel-
ist, had two charming studies.
9
The Rosa Bonheur Monument at
Fontainebleau will be modeled under the
direction of her brother, Isidore Bon-
heur. It will consist of a bull in bronze,
enlarged from a model made by Rosa
Bonheur herself. One side of the pedes-
tal will bear a bronze bas relief of "The
Horse Fair," and the panel on the other
.side will contain a group of cattle from
another of her paintings. At the rear
<?nd of the pedestal an upright panel
will exhibit the bas relief of a stag, and
at the front end there will be a bronze
medallion portrait of the artist and the
inscription.
IN EDUCATION—
Mr. Edouard Rod, in a recent number
of the North American Review, sug-
gests that fewer lectures and better
would be an improvement in American
universities. He expresses surprise that
professors and teachers in our colleges
are compelled to work so hard.
The Board of Education of the Bor-
roughs of Manhattan and Bronx has ex-
cluded all textbooks published by Henry
Holt & Company because of a criticism
of the President of the Board made in
the Educational Review, which is one of
the publications of Messrs. Holt &
Company.
The interest which the Leland Stan-
ford, Jr., University held in the Southern
Pacific Company has been sold for $n,-
400,000 cash. This amount, together
with previous endowments, make the
university the richest in the world. Mrs.
Stanford yet holds interests to the
amount of over $10,000,000, and if turn-
ed over to the university, as it doubtless
will be, will make the endowment of this
institution in the neighborhood of $40,-
000,000.
IN RELIGIOUS THOUGHT—
Dr. Madison C. Peters, author of
"Justice to the Jew," is delivering a
series of lectures in New York on the
heroines of the Bible.
Adeline Sergeant, the novelist, has be-
come a communicant of the Church of
Rome.
9
Mgr. Merry del Val, who was at one
time Apostolic Delegate to Canada, has
been appointed president of the Pontifi-
cal Academy for Noble Ecclesiastics.
9
Dr. Rainsford, in expressing in print
his opinion of tne present status of
Christian faith, says: "The Spirit of
Christ is more practically operative in
the affairs of men today than at any
time previously in human history." But
he states that he believes, on the other
hand, that "the churches are not holding
their own" and that "it is much harder
to get people to go to church than it
used to be."
Edward Everett Haie. speaking of the
"higher criticism," says: "He is guilty
of high treason against the faith who
fears the result of any investigation,
whether philosophical or scientific or
historical."
9
Dr. Charles Parkhurst gives it as his
opinion that "Agnosticism is a good
deal more of a fad than it is a philoso-
phy, and is due not so much to the fact
that people think as to the fact that they
have never learned to think, and con-
sequently are made tired by thinking
and want some plausible excuse for
quitting it."
THE MONTH.
89
LEADING EVENTS—
November 1. — The Philippine Commission
reports at Washington, D. C. General
Young's cavalry forces are demoralizing the
insurgents in Cabanatun, P. I.
November 2. — General White's operations
in South Africa are criticized by London pa-
pers.
November 3.— General White is reported in
danger of being cut off from his supplies.
November 4.— Ladysmith is reported to be
completely invested by the Boers.
November 6. — Autonomous government
for Filipinos is established on the Island of
Nigros.
November 7. — Elections in Kentucky show
the state republican.
November 8. — Emperor William and the
Czar meet at Potsdam
November 10. — Russian troops march on
Afghan.
November 11. — Relations between Japan
and Russia are becoming strained to the
point of breaking
November 12. — General Parades surrend-
ered the city of Puerto Cabello, Venezuela,
after a terrible battle.
November 13. — The French steamer Cor-
doba was stopped seventy miles out from
Lorenzo Marquez, by British cruiser, and
French journals demand an apology to the
government and an indemnity.
November 14. — The United States cruiser
Charleston grounded upon a coral reef near
Camiguin Island, in the Philippines, and is
reported a total loss.
November 15. — General Hughes occupies
Cordova in Panay. In South Africa General
Baden-Powell drives back the attacking
Boers and raises the seige of Mafeking.
November 16. — General Young is advanc-
ing rapidly toward San Fabian in the Philip-
pines. British armored train meets with
disaster between Estcourt and Ladysmith.
November 17. — Filipino insurgents adopt
guerrilla mode of warfare.
November 18. — Chief Justice Chambers, of
Samoa, resigns.
November 19. — The report of the commis-
sion of navigation shows that America has
the greatest coasting tonnage of any of the
nations
November 20.- — A large force of Boers are
reported to be moving southward. In the
Philippines, the insurgents are still being
hard pushed by the Americans.
November 21. — Vice-President Hobart dies
at his home in Paterson. New Jersey.
November 22. — Strenuous efforts are being
made by General Lawton to capture Aguin-
aldo.
*
•
^0«C^0»O«O»0»0«O»O»O»J^)«O«O»0»3»O«3«O»O»O«O»O»3»O»O«O»9»2^
The Blue Mountain
Company
COLD STORAGE
COAL, ICE, COKE,
247 STARK STREET
A.B.STEINBACH&CO.
Largest Clothiers
in the Northwest.
Highest Grade
Clothing
Hats and
Furnishings
FOR BOYS AND MEN
NEW LOCATION^,*
COR. FOURTH and MORRISON STS.
^0«0«3»0»0»O«3«O»0»O«O»O«O»0»3«O»O«O»O«0»O«O«O»O»O»0»O»O»2f
: ..HATTERS AND FURNISHERS..
I nullum s Pendleton
Wondrous is the strength of cheerfulness;
altogether past calculation its endurance.
Efforts, to be permanently useful, must be
uniformly joyous.^— Carlyle.
Sole Agents for
KNOX HHTS
8 94 Third St. Portland, Or. I
CONDUCTED BY DOWNING, HOPKINS & CO.
The month's stock market has wit-
nessed more general speculative liquida-
tion than has been present for a very
Jong time. This liquidation has unques-
tionably been incited by the fact that
stock brokers, and certainly a consid-
erable proportion of them, have notified
their customers that they will not carry
their stocks at the old interest rates, and
with the prospect of their accounts
showing an extra heavy charge for in-
terest at the end of the month outside
speculators have quite generally elected
to liquidate. As a matter of fact, how-
ever, the stringent monetary situation
does not appear to have forced any con-
siderable liquidation of the higher class
investment securities, the holders of
which, as a rule, are not perturbed by
the variations of the money market. The
record of the month in the stock market
has been one of fairly steady contraction
in prices, in which market valuations
have been substantially lowered. Not-
withstanding the uncomfortable mone-
tary situation, the dealings have been in
fairly large volume.
Particularly every other consideration,
apart from the money market, occupying
attention, continues of an encouraging
character, and there can be little doubt
that the combined influence of the fav-
ored factors of the situation would
quickly outweigh the adverse money
market, were it not for the fact that the
prospects of any relaxation of the ten-
sion in the latter quarter are seemingly
remote.
As an evidence of the extent to which
the monetary situation has monopolized
attention, there need only be cited the al-
most utter indifference with which the
gratifying results of the state elections
were received by the markets. Notwith-
standing, however, the absence of any
resultant speculative effect on this ac-
count, the emphatic indorsement of the
«>*«***************** A*********
Gbe
| Xeabino
| furriers
Jj of tbc West.
« WE HAVE A jft
«j COMPLETE COL-
Jj LECTION OF Jt
* THE FINEST****
J FURSOBTAINA-
2 BLE.
Alaska Seal Coats, $150 up.
Christmas
Offering to the readers of fa
this paper Fine Tailor- fa
Made Suit, made of hue fa
Venetian cloth, jacket silk- fa
lined, skirt percaline lined, made in the latest fa
style. . . .Regular price $95. OO. To the readers fa
of this paper $20.OO. (See cut.) fa
Send for illustrated catalogue of fa
Fine Furs and Cloaks. fa
J THE SILVERFIELD FUR MFG. CO. fa
S Branches— 283-5 Morrison St. fe
New York, Boston, Portland, Or. ff
4^, Sitka, Alaska.
DON'T WEAR jt Jt
Baggy Trousers or
Shabby Clothes£>-
We call for, sponge, press and deliver one suit of
your clothing each week, sew on buttons, and
sew up rips, for
$1.00 A SMONTH.
UNIQUE TAILORING CO.
124 Sixth St„ Bet. Washington and Alder.
BOTH PHONES.
....TAILORS....
228 Washington Street,
I i
| Kraner & Kramer,
* fa
£
m
J Tortland, - Oregon. S
* >
THE FINANCIAL WORLD.
91
administration has been fully appre-
ciated in high financial circles, where it
is recognized that the general result of
the elections is full of promise of politi-
cal stability, with all which that implies,
for many years to come. There can be
no doubt but that the result of this elec-
tion has deprived the forthcoming presi-
dential campaign of much of the uneasi-
ness and anxiety that might otherwise
have been entertained regarding it. So,
too, speculators have found no time to
give to either the improving situation in
in South Africa or to the more pacific
European diplomatic outlook. The un-
paralleled state of activity prevailing in
the country's trade, the magnificent
traffic returns of the railways, and, in-
deed, all other routine features of the sit-
uation, whatever their bearings may be
upon the future of the market for securi-
ties, have been submerged by the mone-
tary situation. In view of these circum-
stances, it would appear that a detailed
•discussion of the stock market of the
month is hardly necessary. It has been
seemingly a record of more or less en-
forced liquidation of weakened holders
■of stocks on margins, who have, as al-
ready noted, given place to others of
ampler resources. It cannot be denied
that in the process the technical position
of the market has been very much
strengthened, as will doubtless be shown
when more normal monetary conditions
prevail. There should not, however, be
omitted from a comprehensive consid-
eration of the situation, the assertion
that, beyond any reasonable question,
the more extreme rates that have oc-
casionally been quoted for money on
call have resulted more from the mani-
pulation by money lenders than from the
fact that their resources were exhausted.
There can be plainly detected a disposi-
tion on the part of banks, which is per-
haps not wholly unreasonable, to make
the most of the present conditions, par-
ticularity so far as Wall Street borrowers
are concerned. Bank officers appear to
think that they have been treated un-
generously by Stock Exchange borrow-
ers in the past, and it is certain that they
are now employing every device to exact
the most rigid terms from this class of
borrowers.
John H . Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commercial Block, PORTLAND, ORE.
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorneys at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
Library Association of Portland
24,000 Volumes and over 200 Periodicals.
$5.00 a Year and $1.50 a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS— From 9 A. M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Sundays
and Holidays.
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK.
P. O. BOX 157.
TEL. MAIN 387.
RODNEY L GLISAN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
ROOM 420
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
PORTLAND, ORE.
EDWARD HOLMAN
UNDERTAKER
EMBALMER and
FUNERAL DIRECTOR
280 Yamhill St.
Experienced
Ivady Assistant.
THE J. K. GILL CO.
BOOKSELLERS and STATIONERS
Third and Alder Sts.
Portland, Ore.
OUR LEADER
ALL MAKES
RENTED and SOLD
Platens and Parts
for all machines.
EXPERT REPAIRING
Office and Duplicating Goods, etc.
COAST AGENCY CO.
266H STARK ST.
Both Phones. Your Orders Solicited.
CONDUCTED BY E. C. PROTZMAN.
THE PAWN.
By P. Fyfe.
I.
In hottest fight he's never shirky,
He never jumps wi' motion quirky
O'er the board;
But often wi' a sudden jerk he
Loups at an opposing birkie
Wi' his sword.
II.
Tae every coward he's a model,
Tae bolt ne'er comes into his noddle;
E'en the Queen,
When he gets a proper hand, he'll
Mak' wi' better shame tae toddie
Off the scene.
III.
On he gangs in gallant fashion
Knights and Rooks he lays the lash on
Wi' a swing;
Then tae crown he makes a dash on
And in regicidal passion
Slays the King.
— Glascow Herald.
The following game between the two mas-
ters, Tschigorin and Schlechter, is a good
illustration of how formidable an attack this
gambit is. Indeed, the analysts seem to have
all agreed that the Bishop's gambit is the
only one of the gambits that has proven
thoroughly sound:
Tschigorin.
Schlechter.
White.
Black.
1.
P— K 4
1.
P— K 4
2.
P— K B 4.
2
P x P
3.
B— B 4
3.
Kt— K B
4.
Kt— Q B 3
4.
Kt— B 3
5.
Kt— B 3
5.
B— Kt 5
<;.
Castles
6.
Castles
7.
P— K 5
7.
Kt— Kt 5
8.
P— Q 4
8.
P— Q 3
».
P— K R 3
9.
Kt— K 6
10.
B x Kt
10.
P x B
11.
Kt— Q 5
11.
B— R 4
12.
P x P
12.
Q x P
J3.
Kt— Kt 5
13.
0— Kt 3
J 4.
Kt x K B P
14.
R x Kt
15.
Kt— K 7— chk
15.
Kt x Kt
16.
B x R— chk
16.
Q x B
17.
R x Q
17.
Resigns
Below we give the solution of Mr. Bab-
son's wonderful three-mover published in our
July number, also reproducing the position
of the pieces, for the benefit of our new
subscribers:
White — King. Q 8; Queen, K Kt sq;
Rooks, Q B 2 and Q Kt 7; Bishops, Q R 3
■^-5 ^^^-"s •■
- 5^-StS>©-9t5^-S^S!'^
Why Suffer Longer?
NEARLY EVERYBODY has corns, but
<very few people know what to do for
them.
* SOME PEOPLE pare them, getting a little
temporary relief, but stimulating the
corn to twice as rapid growth. Plas-
ters sometimes relieve, but are in no
sense curative.
IF YOU HAVE A CORN, you want to
know) what will core- There is a
clear and colorless fluid on the market
called
WILLAMETTE CORN CURE
4; "which •will positively remove corns and
<(• leave a natural skin in their place. 25 cents
a bottle. For sale by all druggists, or by
the manufacturers,
Jj "BOERICKE & "RUNYON,
f 303 Washington St., "Portland, Or.
^♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦^♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦^
♦
♦
t
jAmmm^
c-<3C&B.<CWT-
Every Gem * * *
.... In our fine collection of jewels is a rare
beauty, and their rich color and brilliancy and
unique and exquisite settings make them fit
gifts for a Queen. We have everything that
is new and novel in pins, rings, and jewelry of
every description for Christmas trade, at prices
that are remarkable for their low figure.
L C. HENRICHSEN CO.,
284 Washington St. Portland, Or.
CHESS.
93
and 8; Knights, Q 7 and Q R 7; Pawns, K
R 7, K Kt 4, K B 2 and 6, K 3 and Q R
2 — 14 pieces.
Black— King, Q 4; Rook, Q Kt 5; Knights,
K R 5 and K 8; Bishops, Q Kt 6 and Q B
6; Pawns, K Kt 2, K B 6 and Q R 3 and
4 — 10 pieces.
Solution:
I.
White.
]
Black..
1.
Q— K R 2
1.
K— K 3
2.
Q— Q 6— check
9.
Any move
3.
Q mates
II.
1.
Q— K R 2
1.
K— K 5
2.
R takes R — chk
2.
K— Q 6
3.
B — K 4 — mates
III.
1.
Q— K R 2
1.
K— B 5
2.
R— B 7— chk
2.
K— Q 6
3.
R takes B mates
IV.
1.
Q— K R 2
1.
B takes P— chl
2.
Kt takes B — chk
2.
K— K 3
3.
R — B 6 — mates
V.
1.
Q— K R 2
1.
B takes R P
2.
Q— K 5— chk
2.
B takes Q
3.
R — Kt C — mates
VI.
1.
Q— K R 2
1.
B takes R P
-2.
Q— K 5— chk
2.
K— B 5
3.
R takes B — matt
VII.
1.
Q— K R 2
1.
B takes R
2.
Q— Q 6— chk
2.
K takes Q
3.
R— Kt 6— mate
VIII.
1.
Q— K R 2
1.
B takes R
2.
Q— 0 6— chk
2.
K— B 5
3.
R — B 7 — mate
IX.
1.
Q— K R 2
1.
R— K B 5
o
R— Kt f>— chk
2,
K— B 5
3!
Kt — K 5 — mate
X.
1.
Q— K R 2
1.
R— Kt 4
2.
R takes R — chk
2.
K— K 3
3.
B — Q 5 — mate
XI.
1.
Q— K R 2
1.
R takes Kt P
2.
R— Kt 6— chk
2.
K— B 5
3.
Kt — K 5 — mate
XII.
1.
Q— K R 2
1.
B— Q R 5
2.
Q— Q 6— chk
2.
Any move
3.
Q mates
The exquisite beauty of this brilliant com-
position lies in the fact that while Black has
twelve answers to the 2d and 3d moves of
White, yet the latter meets each with a sep-
arate and conclusive answer, making this
problem one of the most complex and perfect
three-mover in existence.
Its careful study will be instructive and
•entertaining to student or expert alike.
Entire New Stock & Extra Large Selection.
High Grade Jewelry and Silverware.
THE G. HEITKEMPER CO.
Diamond Merchants
and Jewelers
remember the new location
286 Morrison St., Bet. 4th and 5th.
The whole world W0BJf fHnk
miSTLETOE "TEA
If people kne-iv hcnv good it is.
Sample free. Only at
HAINES' TEA STORE, 5th Sti, opposite P. 0.
\ In considering; life insurance, get guaran-
} ttzs of other companies, ihen get ours....
) Then compare; this will convince you this
statement is correct.
■ (^* ^* t&™ t2™ t&* !*9* (<?*
| Pacific Mutual Life
\ Guarantees more insurance,
I Pays larger annual cash dividends,
\ Greater paid-up values,
I More pro-rata security than any other
I American company* Rates the same.
} - '-IT
; Life and Accident Insurance.
I ALBERT J. CAPRON, Gcn'l Agt.
\ 327-328-329-330 Marquam B!dg.
PATENTS
Quickly secured. OUR FEE DTTE WHEN PATENT
OBTAINED. Send model,, sketch or photo, with
description for free report as to patentability . 48-PAGE
HAND-BOOK FREE. Contains references and full
information. WRITE FOR COPT OF OUR SPECIAL
OFFER. It is the most liberal proposition ever made by
a patent attorney, and EVERY INVENTOR SHOULD
READ IX before applying for patent. Address :
H.B.WILLS0N&C0.
PATENT LAWYERS,
LeDroitBldg., WASHINGTON, D. C.
Mr. William Watson does not think very
highly of either Kipling's or Swinburne's
war poetry. He tries to account for their
lack of power in this way: "Let us remem-
ber that the existence of a great theme, not
less certainly than of a great poet, is one of
the indispensable antecedent conditions of
great poetry. The assassination of a state
and the strangling of a people are not he-
roical themes, and never while this world
endures shall they eyoke one note of noble
song. Moreover, in all combats between a
giant and a stripling the Muse must of ne-
cessity be at a certain moral disadvantage
in the somewhat ludicrous task of enheart-
ening the giant. It is the valor of David
with his sling and not the arrogant bulk of
Goliath that kindles the imagination of poets
and captures forever the sympathies of
men."
* 9 9
"How do I know that Larry loves me,
How does he his love betray?
How do I know that Larry loves me?
Larry kisses the right way."
"An' how — an' how does Larry kiss thee —
Kiss by candle-light or day?
Only this my tongue can tell thee:
Larry kisses the right way."
*• » 9
When the mind, like a pure, calm lake, re-
flects back the light which is shed from
heaven, the image of God is upon it, com-
mensurate with its capacity; for the tiniest
drop of dew images forth the truth, though
not the full radiance of the sun.— Bethune.
♦ ♦ ♦
The Largest Trees in the World.
The largest tree in the world is to be seen
at Mascali, near the foot of Mount Etna, and
is called "The Chestnut Tree of a Hundred
Horses." Its name rose from the report that
Queen Jane, of Aragon, with her principal
nobility, took refuge from a violent storm
under its branches. The trunk is two hun-
dred and four feet in circumference. The
largest tree in the United States, it is said,
stands near Bear Creek, on the north fork of
the Tule River, in California. It measures
one hundred and forty feet in circumference
The giant redwood tree in Nevada is one
hundred and nineteen feet in circumference.
* * *
Court Room Courtesies.— First Lawyer—
"You are a shyster?"
His Opponent— "And you are a black-
guard?
The Court— "Now, gentlemen, let us take
up the disputed points in the case."
- *************************** ;
MEIER & FRANK
COMPANY # «* #
FINEST LINES
OF WINTER FOOTWEAR
IN THE NORTHWEST
| HEAVY SOLED SHOES
In Black and Tan £>
for Men, Women and
Children J> J> J> J>
Low Prices and Good 'Values
Guaranteed,
5 »»»»»»»»»»»»»»»**»»<?»i»»i»*»i i
SOCIETY
Engraving in all its branches —
Wedding and Visiting Cards done
skillfully, tastefully and expedi-
tiously
W. G. Smith & Co.,
22-23 Washington tBLig.,
over Liit's,
PORTLAND, £ OREGON.
N. B.— If you need anything in the above lines
come and see samples of our work before plac-
ing your order. Our work is equal to the best
Eastern.
"DRIFT.
95
Hubert Howard, the London Times corre-
spondent killed in Omdurman, while a mem-
ber of the Bar had to cross-examine his irate
father, who pretended not to recognize him.
The ordeal was severe, and when it was com-
pleted the son said, smilingly: "Thank you,
father, that will do."
Woman.
Magistrate— Then your husband ill-treated
you?
Wife (who wants to withdraw the com-
plaint)—No, your Worship.
Magistrate— What? Didn't he bite one of
your ears?
Wife— No, your Worship; I did it myself!
v * *
The Dean and the Lunatic.
Dean Stanley had great respect for pres-
ence of mind, and used with great delight to
tell a story of presence of mind by which he
liberated himself from a dangerous visitor.
Since he was willing to see almost any one
who asked for him, he once told his servant
to usher into his study a gentleman who had
called, and who happened to bear a name
which was familiar to him.
When the gentleman appeared he proved
to be an entire stranger. It was evident there
had been some mistake. This became still
more evident when, advancing with an air
of great excitement, the gentleman exclaim-
ed: "Sir, I have a message to the Queen
from the Most High. I beg that you will d-j
liver it instantly."
"In that case," said the dean, taking i •)
his hat, "there is not a moment to be lo>.:.
Let us go at once." They went downstai* -
into the hall, and, opening the door, the
dean requested his visitor to step out. ' No
sooner had he done so than the dean shut
the door behind the lunatic.
* * *
"Why, kitty," exclaimed a little girl, when
her pet kitten had been naughty, "just think!
Your grandmother was a Maltese!"
The most authentic witnesses of any man's
character are those who know him in his
own family, and see him without any re-
straint or rule but such as he voluntarily
prescribes to himself. — Dr. Johnson.
mk t& m!"
Circumstances are the rules of the weak;
they' are but the instruments of the wise. —
Lover.
* * *
Insulted the Court. — "That's too bad about
Dobbins being sent to jail for contempt of
court. What did he do?"
"He got off the word 'ratiocination,' and
then started to explain to the Judge what it
meant."
E. C. GODDARD & CO.
OREGONIAN BUILDING
Agents for
"Delsarte"
SHOES
For Women.
Kid Lace, AA to E
@ $3.50.
Perfect
Dears !
Our half tone repro-
duction^ wash draw-
ings, lithographs, oil
paintings, chromos,
in fact all kinds of
art pictures are per-
fect dears! Don't for-
get us wheuyou want
catalogues illustrat-
ed or when you need stationery. Special designs
submitted for approval.
KORE-BALLARD CO.
^ J24 First St., Portland, Oregon.
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OP NEW BOOKS AND MAGAZINES
25 Cents per Month
■* JONES' BOOK STORE *
S©1 -A-lder Street, Portland, Oregon
WANTED
A case of bad health that RT-P'A-N'S will not bene-
fit. R-rP"A'N-S, 10 for scents, or 12 packets for 48 cents,
may be had of all druggists who are willing to sell a
low-priced medicine at a modern profit.
They banish pain and prolong life.
One gives relief Accept no substitute.
Note the word R-I-P- A-N-S on the packet.
Send 5 cents to Ripans Chemical Co., No. 10 Spruce
St., New York, for 10 samples and 1000 testimonials.
THEY REGULATE THE BOWELS.
THEY CURE SICK HEADACHE.
A SINGLE ONE GIVES RELIEF.
In the Pacific Northwest alone
The Pacific Monthly has over 20,000 readers each
month. Advertisers therefore find it a judicious
advertising medium.
A Free Trip to Paris!
Reliable persons of a mechanical or Inventive mind
desiring a trip to the Paris Exposition, with good
salary and expenses paid, should write
The PATENT RECORD, Baltimore, Md.
96
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
Fur Purtecshun.
A colored man was arraigned before a
magistrate charged with carrying deadly
weapons. A razor was found in the defend-
ant's pocket, and so, when he was brought
to the bar of justice, the case against him
seemed pretty strong. To the surprise of the
judge and everyone else in the courtroom he
pleaded "not guilty."
"How can you account for the razor being
found in your possession?
The defendant grinned and said: "I'll try
an' splain dat jedge."
"I'd like to hear you," said the judge.
"Did anyone threaten your life?"
"No, sah; dey warn't nobody t'reat'nin'
mah life, sah."
"Then why did you carry it?"
"I done toted hit 'roun', sah, fur purtec-
shun, sah."
"For protection eh? Why, you just admit-
ted that your life was in no danger."
"Yo, doan' un'erstan' me, jedge; I'll try
an' 'lucidate tings, sah. Down ter de house
whar I'se a-boardin', sah, dey is a powahful
lot of low-down coons, w'at jes' wouldn't
stop at takin' tings w'at doan' b'long ter
dem, so I jes' put hit in mah pocket fur pur-
tecshun, sah, purtecshun ob de razah sah."
^ 9 9
The heaviest words in our language are
the two briefest ones — yes and no. One
stands for the surrender of the will, the oth-
er for denial; one for gratification, the other
for character. — Theodore T. Munger.
* 9 ♦
An actual saving oi 6o per cent,
whether in time, money or room, is a
proposition which no business man can
afford to disregard, and the neat and at-
tractive little pamphlet which the Kil-
ham Stationary Co. has recently issued
bearing the legend: "We can save you
6o per cent — may we?" always gets the
attention of the man of business, even in
these rushing days. There is a distinct
art in making a pamphlet attractive, and
those who have gotten up this one seem
to understand it well. The pamphlet
calls attention to the Wabash Filing
System, an entirely new and sensible
process for filing safely every paper in an
office, and one into whose hands it falls
is sure to do some business thinking.
As a matter of fact the Wabash Cabinet
does save 6o per cent in that it holds
6o per cent more papers, and this
means 6o per cent less expenditure for
transfer cases and indexes during the
year. The Kilham Stationary Co. are
exclusive agents.
[ S. G* Skidmore & Co* ♦
l ♦
Cut-Rate +
♦ Druggists |
•♦- T
-f- We give special attention to Prescriptions and +
+ the selection of High Grade Bristle Goods. ♦
-♦- T
♦ «* ♦
% 151 THIRD STREET J
^ Portland, Oregon ♦
»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦+♦+
| CHRYSANTHEMUMS
CARNATIONS jh»j»,»
ROSES and VIOLETS
Finest Quality
at Reasonable Pi ices.
CLARKE BROS.
259 Morrison St.
MENTION THE PACIt-IC MONTHLY.
THF Fll F ThatSaves
1 I BL 1 ILL 60 Per Cent.
An entirely new process of filing safely
every paper in an office .Jt jt <£ j*
We will take your old Filing Case of
other makes in exchange & & J* J*
The Kilham Stationery Co.
267 MORRISON ST., PORTLAND, OR.
MENTION THE PACIFIC MONTLHY
"DRIFT.
97
Linguistic Mistakes.
An old resident of Stepford, who has gone
to his reward, and left a pleasant memory
behind him, was notorious for his laughable
linguistic mistakes. He was amusing in his
choice phrases especially when addressing a
Sunday school or a convention.
He was once called on to make "a few
brief remarks" at a Sunday school concert.
The subject, illustrated by different texts of
Scripture, was the weapons of Christian war-
fare. It was a topic suited to old M.'s tem-
per, and, waxing eloquent over the panoply
of the church militant, he closed with the
following peroration:
"And so, children, when you go out to
fight the devil, march right up to him boldly,
with the sword in one hand, the shield in the
other, and the breast-plate of righteousness
on your foreheads!"
Even this was surpassed by a temperance
speech he delivered at a meeting where an
audience was dull, and tne speakers uninter-
esting. M., seeing that there was no enthus-
iasm, rose with a strong purpose to stir the
meeting up. Said he:
"Mr. Chairman and Fellow-Citizens. We
seem to be lacking in enthusiasm at this
meeting. We need more animation, sir, more
zeal for the cause, more devotedness to the
great question of saving drunkards. We need
more earnestness, Mr. Chairman, more life,
more — more — in short — more ardent spirits!"
That woke up the meeting, and there was
no want of animation, certainly for the next
few moments.
* * *
If you never wholly give yourself up to
the chair you sit in, but always keep your
leg- and body-muscles half contracted for a
rise; if you breathe eighteen or nineteen in-
stead of sixteen times a minute, and never
quite breathe out at that; what mental mood
can you be in but one of inner panting and
expectancy, and how can the future and its
worries possibly forsake your mind? On the
other hand, how can they gain admission to
your mind if your brow be unruffled, your
respiration calm and complete, and your
muscles all relaxed?
^ jp. ^
On October 15th the Southern Pa-
cific Co. inaugurated a "Daylight Ex-
press," leaving Portland at 8:30 a. m.,
and reaching San Francisco at 7:45 next
evening — only one night out. Both stand-
ard Pullmans and tourist sleepers are
attached. This new train is in addition to
the present 7 p. m. Shasta Overland, and
will give many passengers the desired
opportunity to see en route the great
Willamette , Umpqua and Sacramento
valleys without loss of time, and still ar-
rive in Oakland and San Francisco at a
Amongst the
minor ills of life
One of the very <worst is laundry •work ♦
that is badly done. It not only uses up T
the cloth rapidly, but it destroys the tern- !
per and gives one an unsatisfactory ap- ♦
pearance where finish is most needed J* ♦
Starched linen collars, shirts and cuffs 2
must be unquestionably immaculate, done ♦
<xvith no risk, a certainty as to result. T
THE UNION LAUNDRY ♦
has come to represent this to men <who T
make any effort at all to dress <well. Those +
<who have not tried us will find that it nvill ♦
pay them to do so. Send a postal or tele- ♦
phone, and <we voill call.
I
UNION LAUNDRY COMPANY,
53 Randolph Street.
Telephones
Columbia 5042.
Oregon, Albina 41.
► TYLER WOODWARD, President. X
JACOB KAMM, Vice-Presidei t. I
FRANK C MILLER, Cashier.
JAMES NEWLANDS, Ass't Cashier. X*
Statement of the condition of ♦
United States National Bank, X
OF PORTLAND, OREGON.
Nov. 24, 1899. ▼
ASSETS: *
£°*ns„ •• J395,976.69 ±
Gold Coin 126,160.00 ♦
Demand Exchange
Silver Coin ....
Legal Tenders ....
U. S. Bonds and Premium
Real Estate, Furniture and Fix.
Redemption Fund . .
LIABILITIES:
Capital Stock . . . .
Deposits . ,
Circulation .-.'.'.
Undivided Profits, Net
Surplus Fund ....
Attest:
TYLER WOODWARD,
295,908.89
3,296 35
8,155.00
54,300.00
38,874.10
2,250.00
$924.92 1. 03
$250,000.00
587,148.12
45.ooo.oD
30,272.91
12,500.00
$924,921.03
President.
THE ABOVE STATEMENT CORRECT:
F. C. MILLER,
BOARD OF DIRECTORS.
Tyler Woopard, Jacob Kamm,
Rufds Mallory, Benton Killin,
Chas. Hegele, d. W. Wakefield,
E. A. King, Roderick Maclbay,
F. C. Miller.
Drafts issued direct on all the principal cities
of Europe and the Orient.
No Interest Paid on Deposits.
-98
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
seasonable hour. This double service
supplies, to use a trite expression, "a
long-felt want."
* * *
The Making of Man.
And the high gods took in hand
Fire, and the falling of tears,
And a measure of sliding sand
From under the feet of the years,
And froth and drift of the sea;
And dust of the laboring earth;
And bodies of things to be
In the houses of death and of birth;
And wrought with weeping and laughter,
And fashioned with loathing and love,
With life before and after
And death beneath and above,
For a day and a night and a morrow,
That his strength might endure for a span
With travail and heavy sorrow,
The holy spirit of man.
— Swinburne.
The Age of Realism.
"Do you think," said the girl with the
thoughtful countenance, "that novelists as a
rule have experienced the sensations they
describe?"
"Great goodness, no!" exclaimed her fath-
er. "What do you mean to do? Insinuate
that half our literateurs ought to be in the
penitentiary ?" — Washington Star.
A son of Professor L. H. Marvel asked his
father if a man could swear after his head
was cut off. Mr. M. laughed at the boy, but
the little fellow showed him this passage in
his school history: "General Putnam, though
a pious man, lost his head and swore round-
ly at his troops."
As is well known, the enterprising cities
of England and Scotland are gradually adopt-
ing the plan of owning and operating their
own material conveniences, as water works,
gas works, electric light plants, telephone
systems, street cars, etc. This, of course, is
rude socialism, but it pays. It does not
"strike at the very foundations of society"
any more than our own socialistic postofflce
and public schools do. The city of
Glasgow made in the past year a profit or
over $605,000 in the operation of her street
cars, charging a very small fare and giving
the workmen good salaries and requiring on-
ly a reasonable day's work. This enormous
profit goes, not to some few magnates for
their brilliant services as manipulators, but
into the general fund to provide better train-
ing schools, better conveniences of all kinds
and to reduce taxation. Some time we, too,
may take some steps toward a better civiliz-
ation.
• »♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦<
GROCERIES!
RETAIL at WHOLESALE
.. PRICES ..
AT
RICHET CO.
Front and Washington Sts.,
Nos. 112 and 114,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Send for Price List.
JOLLS
JOI/I/S lias the finest possible
selection of boxes for Christmas
trade ... The daintiest present
that you can make is two pounds
of JOI<I/S delicious and popular
Chocolates in one of these beau-
tiful boxes. JOI,I,S Chocolates
are the recognised standard
here for freshness and purity.
Vienna cModel bakery
BRAN DBS BROS., Prop's.
390 MORRISON STREET.
Choice Bread
Pastry and
Fancy Cakes..*
Free Delivery.
Tel. North 151.
SCIENTIFIC MASSEUR J> jt
cAcute and Chronic Rheumatic Affections,
Nervous Diseases and Obesity successfully treat-
ed by Electricity, Massage, Dry Hot Air, and
Vapor -Baths. N. F. MELEEN, M G.
Phones —
Rfs?dence?m2a8c^69I. <**** 3I8^19 M«quam Bldg.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
VI i
FOOD FACTORY
LOOK!
READ I
THEN
THINK!
Have You Ever Heard
of the
Portland Sanitarium
A MEDICAL AND SURGICAL INSTITUTION
Where INVALIDS and SICK People can come with their friends if
necessary, and receive the best of MEDICAL AID
and ACCOMMODATION.
THE SANITARIUM is mo?t beautifully located and occupies an entire
block. Its skillful Physicians and thoroughly trained graduate lady
and gentlemen nurses, and us scientific and modern appliances make it
far different from the City Hospitals.
ALL DISEASES are SUCCESSFULLY TREATED, especially such
as are common to women, nervous prostration, also diseases of the
Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat, Lung and last but not least, Stomach
troubles or Dyspepsia with the special attention given to diet, together
with water treatment in all its forms; also Electricity in every con-
ceivable way, and quiet, home-like buildings make the Portland
Sanitarium the greatest blessing to suffering humanity in the Great
Northwest.
Manufacturer of some 20 varieties of Health Foods such as Granola,
Granose, Caramel Cereal, Gluten or Diabetic Foods. All kinds
of Crackers, etc. Just the Food for those suffering with Stomach
Troubles, and cannot be equalled for those enjoying good health. Ask
your grocer for them. If he can't supply you we can.
If you are broken down and need medical advice, don't fail to make us
a visit. Tell your sick friends and relations abont the Sanita-
rium. Hundreds visit us every year and go home restored to health,
and shouting praises for the Portland Sanitarium. TERMS MODERATE.
Write for our New Catalogue and further information to
THE PORTLAND SANITARIUM,
FIRST and MONTGOMERY STS.,
Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY-ADVERTISING SECTION.
y»i»*»*t»w»»— #»»»»»»#♦»»*#* ***********************
1
«
«
«■
«-
i
«
Inman, Poulsen & Co.
| Wholesale
1 LUMBER "DEALERS
OFFICE AND MILLS:
RIVER FRONT, FOOT OF E. CARUTHERS ST.,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
^^f^t^fftffffft^^^-^yvvv^?^^???^^???^???????^??^???
| Downing, Hopkins & Co.
♦♦♦ BROKERS ♦♦♦
Chicago New York
Board of Trade. Stock Exchange.
I
+ Continuous market quotations at principal centers of trade received
T over our own wires. Branch offices at Seattle, Tacoma, Spokane,
t Walla Walla, Colfax, Wash., Vancouver and Victoria, B. C.
i CORRESPONDENCE INVITED.
X Head Office,
Ground Floor, Chamber of Commerce, Portland, Ore.
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦ M H ♦♦ MM H H H ♦♦ H ♦♦♦♦♦♦ H M H ♦♦♦ H ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ H ♦ H
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
^mEricanJpndrjL ;
COR. TWELFTH AND FLANDERS STS.
All Orders Promptly Executed. Telephones — 851 Both Companies.
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
BTZJTTTTEIK. AND CFIEXELSEX
Telephone 371..
105, 107, I07i THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
IMUMHIUHtltlllttlMlim
Why, Wait
tilt Christmas
to secure the presents you wish to
give to your friends? A postal card
request will bring you a sample
copy of the
: HOME JOURNAL
which will tell you how to secure
many beautiful and valuable presents
I ABSOLUTELY FREE
In addition to these magnificent
premiums, each subscriber you se-
cure will receive choice of 200 books,
by standard authors, handsomely
bound, which alone is worth the
price of subscription.
Write to-day to the
Journal Publishing Co.,
408 California St., San Francisco.
+♦+4 ♦♦♦!»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦*
t
U.. W. CORBKTT
Vice President
J. W. N»WKIRK
JLs*t. Cashier
G. B. WlTHINGTOW
Cashier
W. C. Alvoud
jd Asst. Cashier
» f ♦ ♦ ♦ H ♦ ♦ + ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ H ♦ t ♦ ♦ + + ♦ H ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ t
When dealing with our advertisers
| First
1 National Bank!
+ OF
t PORTLAND, OREGON
t COR. FIRST AND WASHINGTON STS.
Capital - $500,000.00
Surplus, • 650,000.00
♦
4-
o
■♦-
♦ Designated Depositary, and Financial
♦ Agent, United States.
$♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦+♦+
kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY-ADVERTISING SECTION.
j-MHMMHH ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»
W.C. Noon Bag Co. ::
INCORPORATED 1803. •< ►
Manufacturers and Importers of -i-
Bags, Twines, Tents and Awnings, ^
Flags and Mining Hose. +
BAG PRINTING
A SPECIALTY.
32-34 First St. North and 210-212-214-216 Couch St.
Portland, oregon.
S
| EBONY BRUSHES, MIRRORS,
I COMBS for Ladies and Gents,
t FINE MANICURE GOODS,
| HIGH GRADE PERFUMES,
I SHAVING SETS. g
J FRANK &{£U, %
*> Portland Hotel Pharmacy, 6th & Morrison Sts. 9
■^ ^y
4 .*■
<^ WE HAVE THE BEST "DYSPEPSIA CURE" EVER MADE. j»
DID YOU EVER THINK
that a man is known by the clothes he wears? It is true —
HE IS. A man cannot afford then to dress shabbily, carelessly,
or in poor taste — not when perfect fitting garments and perfect
style and the best goods are at his command at a very reason-
able price. If you want to take advantage of this fact come to our
store and let us talk it over with you. We are sure to suit you.
177 fourth street I. D. BOYER, Merchant Tailor,
Y. M. C. A. Building.
s
Oregon Phone Columbia
Clay 931. Phone 307.
3£llis Jp>rintin$ Co,
ESTABLISHED IN 1S87.
PRINTERS
PUBLISHERS
STEREOTYPERS
(Anything in the Printing line, from a card to a catalogue.
05 EIRST STREET, PORTLAND, OREGON.
ft
s
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
A Word with Eastern Advertisers
The Pacific SNorthvoest is one of the best fields in the United States for judicious
advertising. The country is rich and prosperous, crops ne*ber fail, and the popula-
tion is steadily increasing, oiling to the steady influx from less favored regions.
Unquestionably a desirable field to reach.
rHE FIELD IN WHITE IS THE FIELD OF THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
The Pacific Honthly
Coders this field exclusively. Others may dabble in it. The 'Pacific SMonthly covers it.
cAsfor circulation, the Pacific SMonthly is one of the few magazines °toest of the Miss-
issippi that guarantees circulation. Our svoorn statement is as follovjs :
Average per month, during the last eight months
Highest single issue
Tvowest single issue
5435 copies.
6500 copies.
5000 copies.
•«— #-
-*— S<-
Our rates are unusually low. It will pay any advertiser wishing to reach this field
and the entire Pacific Coast at one and the same time, to drop us a
postal. Let us tell you more about it. We can make
it worth your while. Address
THE PACIFIC ^MONTHLY,
Chamber of Commerce, PORTLAND, OREGON,
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
♦ I » M » M M M MM t ♦♦♦ M M ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ M ♦ t M ♦♦♦ M ♦♦♦♦♦ M ♦ ♦»
^% 2 Overland Trains Daily 2
-THE-
YELLOWSTONE PARK \ DINING CAR LINE J
...When going to the...
BUFFALO HUMP MINING COUNTRY,
"%. NORTHERN PACIFIC, gg
Direct service to the GOLD FIELDS of British Columbia,
via SPOKANE, WASH.
t
IL
Tickets sold to all points
in the United States and Canada.
Telephone Main 244.
A. D. CHORLTON,
Assistant General Passenger Agent,
255 Morrison St., Cor. Third,
Portland, Oregon.
THE MAGNIFICENT SCENERY
OF
COLUMBIA RIVER
The most beautiful in the world, can best be seen
from the steamers "DAISES CITY" and
"REGUUTOR" of the
44
REGULATOR LINE
DO NOT MISS THIS.
9t
Steamers leave Portland, Oak St. Dock, 7 a. m., daily,
except Sunday, for The Dalles, Cascade Locks, Hood
River and way landings.
C. G. THAYER, Agt.,
Oak St. Dock, Portland.
(Phone 914.)
W. C. ALLAWAY,
Gen. Agt ,
The Dalles, Or.
Ore— PHONES 734— Cot.
J-
Model Laundry Company
308 MADISON STREET,
Between Fifth and Sixth
PORTLAND,
OREGON.
RIO GRANDE WESTERN RAILWAY.
THE ONLY LINE
—OFFERING-
TWO Routes from Portland.
THREE Routes through Colorado*
FOUR Routes east thereof.
The Grandest Mountain Scenery in America
by daylight.
Personally conducted tourist excursions
through to the east without change of cars.
Free Reclining Chair Cars in all trains.
New and Elegant Equipment.
Perfect Dining Car Service.
STOPOVER IN UTAH OR COLORADO
GRANTED ON AI,I, CLASSES OF TICKETS.
No trouble to answer questions.
M. J. ROCHE, J. D. MANSFIELD.
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
253 Washington St., Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Columbia River & Puget Sound Navigation Go.
Portland and Astoria
Steamers Telephone or Bailey Gatzert leave foot Alder
Street daily (except Sunday), 7 A.M.
Leave Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
U. B. SCOTT, President
Astoria and Cdusbia Bst» B. B. Time Card
WINTER SCHEDULF-Daily.
Train No. 22 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 11:30 a. m.
Train No. 24 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at 10:30 p. m.
Return
Train No. 21 leaves Astoria at 7:45 a m., arrives in
Portland at 11:15 a m-
Train No. 23 leaves Astoria at 6:10 p. m., and arrives
in Portland at 9:40 p. m.
Train No. 22 runs through to Seaside, leaving Sea-
side on the return ai 2:30 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia River R. R. Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:00 p. m., arriving at
Astoria at 11:30 a. m. and 11:10 p. ni. Leaving for Sea-
side at 11:35 a- m-
QST ) * SOUTHERN
— ••• i via PACIFIC
* COMPANY
LEAVE Depot, Fifth and I Sts. ARRIVE
7 00 p. m.
* 830 a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
t 7 3° a- m.
I 4 5°P-m.
OVERLAND EXO
PRESS, for Salem,
Roseburg, Ashland,
Sacramento, Ogden,
San Francisco, Mo-
jave, Los Angeles, El
Paso, New Orleans
(.and the East. J
Roseburg Passenger
f Via Woodburn for"]
I Mt. Angel, Silverton,
•J West Scio, Browns- J>
I ville, Springfield J
[and Natron. J
Corvallis Passenger
Indepe dence Pass'ng'r
* 4 30 p.m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
t 5; 50 p. m .
t 8 25 a. m.
* Daily. J Daily except Sunday.
Direct connection at San Francisco with Occi-
dental and Oriental and Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND CHINA. Sailing dates
on application.
Rates and tickets to eastern points and Eu-
rope, also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA, can be obtained from J. B.
KIRKLAND, Ticket Agent, 134 Third St.
Yamhill Division: — Passenger Depot foot of
Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a. m.;
12:30, 1:55, 3:25, 5:15, 6:25, 8:05, 11:30 p. m., and 9:00
a. m. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland
daily at 6:35*, 8:30, 10:50* a. m; 1:35, 3:15, 4:30, 6:20,
740, 9:15 p. m.; 12:40 a. m. daily except Monday
and 10:05 a. m. on Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, exeept Sunday, at
4:30 p. m. Arrive at Portland at q:30 a. m.
Leave for Airlie Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays at 8:35 a. m. Arrive at Portland Tues-
days, Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
* Except Sunday
R. KOEHLER, C. H. MARKHAM,
Manager. Gen. F. & P. Agt.
GO EAST VIA
Oregon Short Line Railroad
THE DIRECT ROUTE TO
Montana, Utah, Colorado
and all Eastern and Southern Points.
Affording: choice of two routes via the UNION
PACIFIC Fast Mail Line or the RIO
GRANDE Scenic Lines through Colorado.
LOOK AT THE TIME
II DAYS TO SALT LAKE
Vi DAYS TO DENVER
34 DAYS TO CHICAGO
44 DAYS TO NEW YORK
Free Reclining: Chair Cars, Upholstered Tour-
ist Sleeping: Cars, and Pullman Palace Sleep-
ers operated on all trains.
For further '.nformation, apply to
C. O. TERRY, W. E. COMAN,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Ageat
124 Third St., Portland, Or.
0.R.&
Depart
Fast Mail
8:00 p. in.
Spokane
Flyer
2:10 p. m.
d:oo p. m.
TIME SCHEDULES
FROM PORTLAND.
Salt Lake, Denver, Ft.
Worih, Omaha, Kan-
sas City, St. Louis,
Chicago and East.
Walla Walli, Spokane,
Minneapolis, St. Paul,
Duluth, Milwaukee,
Chicago and East.
Fast Mail
645 p. m.
8:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
Saturday
10:00 p.m.
Ocean Steamships.
All sailing dates subject
to change.
For San Francisco —
Sail every five days.
6:00 a. m
Ex. Sunday
7:00 a. m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat,
6:00 a. m
Tues, Thur
and Sat
Columbia River
St> amers.
To Astoria and Way
Landings.
Willamette Rivr.
Oregon City, Newberg, J*:3° P- m-
Salem & Way Landings Ex.Sunday
Spokane
Flyer
8:30 a. m.
4:00 p. m.
4:00 p. m.
Ex.Sunday
Willamette and
Yamhill Riv->n.
Oregon City, Dayton
and Way Landings.
Willamette River.
Portland to Corvallis
and Way Landings.
Snake River.
Riparia to Lewiston.
3:30 p. m.
Mon. Wed.
and Fri.
4:30 p: m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Lv. Lewis-
ton 5:45
a. m. daily
Ex. Friday
V. A. SCHILLING W. H. HURLBURT,
City Ticket Agt., Gen'l. Pass. Agt,
254 Washington St., Portland. Ore.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
***#**********************«**?
The Right Road <£
to
Ir-
is the Great Rock Island
Route. ^ J- J- J>
Dining car service the
§} best, elegant equipment,
and fast service J* J> J>
For further information
address
A. E. COOPER, General Agent,
Pass. Dept.
246 Washington trcct,
§ PORTLAND, <* OREGON. %
i *
THE "North-Western Limited" trains,
electric lighted throughout, both inside
and out, and steam heated, are, with-
out exception, the finest trains in the world.
They embody the latest, newest and best
ideas for comfort, convenience and luxury
ever offered the traveling public, and al-
together are the most complete and splen-
did production of the Car Builders' art.
THESE SPLENDID TRAINS
CONNECT WITH
The Great Northern
The Northern Pacific amp
The Canadian Pacific
AT ST. PAUL, FOR
CHICAGO and the EAST.
No extra charge for these superior accommo-
dations and all clashes of tickets are available for
passage on the famous" North-western Limited."
All trains on this line are protected by the Inter-
locking Block system.
W. H. MEAD,
GEN'L AGENT,
The Norh-Wesern Line.
PORTLAND, OR.
Ill Competition
^^picToS^'
As regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
The Favorite Transcontinental Route Between
the Northwest and all Points East
Choice of Two Routes Through the FAMOUS
^^ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY
And Four Routes Bast of Pueblo and Denver
All Passengers granted a day stop-over in
the Mormon Capitol or anywhere between
Ogden and Denver. Personally conducted
Tourist Excursions three days a week to
OMAHA, KANSAS CITY, ST. LOUIS,
CHICAGO and the EAST.
For Tickets and any Information regarding Rates,
Routes, etc., or for Descriptive Advertising Matter,
call on Agents of Oregon Railway & Navigation
Co. Oregon Short Line or Southern Pacific
Companies.
S. K. HOOPER, R. C. NICHOL,
Gen. Pass. & Ticket Agt. Gen. Agt., 351 Wash M
DENVER, COL. PORTLAND, ORC
JUST THINK!
3J4 days with no change to Chicago
4j£ days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN:
Trains are Illuminated by Plntsch Gas,
run Into Union Depots, and Baggage
Is checked through to Destination.
Lowest Rates.
For Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
J. H. LOTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. Agent.
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
Do You Like ^ ^ ^
A Luxurious Meal?
jtjtjtjtjsjtjt
"TIGER BRAND"
Pure Spices
"OUR BEST"
Roasted Coffee
"KUSALANA
Ceylon Tea
...<Are Items...
*£«£«£ which <will aid materially «£«£«£
tt
ASK YOUR GROCER FOR
... THEM ...
THE FIRST TIME YOU SEE HIM.
cManufadured and
Sold by J* J- J*
CORBITT & MACLEAY CO.
Portland, Oregon.
ft
J
COLDEN WEST f DEVERS' BLEND
Baking Powder 5 COFFEE
j*
*** % The World's Finest.
# :
HONEST POWDER 5
ftT an HONEST PRICE 5
~~ * To insure getting the genuine,
«* buy in sealed packages
Not Made by a Trust. ,* only.
m •
CLOSSET & DEVERS.
RUSSELL & CO.
A. H. AVERILL,
MANUFACTURERS OF
High Grade,
Engines, Boilers,
Saw Mills,
Threshers...
Eetirnates furnished oil Steanq Plants of all Sizes and for
any purpose. Write for Catalogues.
RUSSELL & CO., - Portland, Ore.
When dealing uith our adver titer t, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly
"WHY THE PACIFIC COAST PRODUCES THE
SUPERIOR TYPE OF AMERICANS."
By COLONEL E. HOFER.
JANUARY
1900
10 CENTS
A COPY-
ONE DOLLAR
A YEAR-
LEADING FEATURES
THIS SMONTH J- J>
cA strong and timely poem by Joaquin
Miller, on England's Friendship.
"Why the Pacific Coast produces the
Superior 'Type of (Americans/' by
Colonel E. Hofer.
SIX SHORT STORIES
"What Chance of Success has the
Democratic Party in the Next National
Election? by L. CB. Cox.
The first chapter of "Elise; ^a Sequel
to The Voice of the Silence."
Ten interesting departments for the
Home, the 'Politician, and the 'Busi-
ness Man.
<<
What Chance of Success has the Democratic Party in
the Next National Election?"
By L. B. COX.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
CARRIES A FULL LINE OF
MOTORS from One-half Horse Power Up pi | • C||nr%1|p*C
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kinds JUrlCCLIl^ 4^14 |S|SUWj9
of Machinery. **m^
ARC and INCANDESCENT LIQHTINQ. <rw^
Electric and Bell Wiring a Specialty. SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
COR. SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
GOODYEAR RUBBER COMPANY.
We carry in stock a complete assortment of RUBBER GOODS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
ANY STYLE. ANY SIZE. ANY SUANTITY.
MACKINTOSHES A iHlfe. BOOTS AND SHOES
Crack Proof... /] \i m$& "GOLD SEAL'*
...Snag Proof / / v M| KgE* BELTING
rubber wtmmn H^r packing
BOOTS \lW TO mm AND HOSE
Druggists' Wkjj Rubber
Rubber »<V and On
Goods "§B| B Clothing
R. H. PEASE, Vice-President and Manager,
73 and 75 FIRST STREET, Jt PORTLAND, OREGON.
►♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»
♦
WISDOM'S ROBERTINE
+
♦
Is a hygienic preparation for the skin. It BEAUTIFIES J
and PRESERVES the COMPLEXION. t
It removes Blotches, Pimples, Tan, Sunburn, Freckles, ♦
and all other Blemishes, and MAKES A BEAUTIFUL I
COMPLEXION. J
It also makes Pearly Teeth, a Sweet Stomach and a $
Pure Breath. ♦
♦♦+♦♦♦♦+++♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦ ♦ T ♦ T ♦+♦♦♦+ ♦♦♦♦♦♦ »♦♦+ »♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦.
Read "OUR TALKS WITH THE PUBLIC" on next page.
The Pacific Monthly.
(The entire contents of this it agazine are covered by the general copyright, and articles must not.be reprinted
without special permission.)
_ CONTENTS FOR JANUARY, 1900.
Beware, Base Albion ! (Poem) Joaquin SMiller frontispiece
Why the Pacific Coast Produces the Superior
Type of Americans Cot. E. Hofer 101
Under the Snow (Poem) SMartha "Pearson Smith 104
In Flood Time (Short Story) SMargaret Stanislavsky 105
The Mysterious Divide (Poem) "R?la<o> €N<a>orb 106
The Beauty Tree (a Sketch) Katherine Farmer 107
Elise ; a Sequel to " The Voice of the Silence " 108
Chapter I.
A Fragment (Poem) SMargaret Stanislavsky ///
The Ascent of Mt. Vesuvius SMrs. Henry W. Coe 112
When Twilight Comes (Poem) Theodosia Pickering Garrison . . 113
Bart ; a Study from Life (Short Story) "Davis "Parker 114
The Indian "Arabian Nights " H. S. Lyman 116
(Began in September, 1899.;
War (Poem) cAdonen 117
Tangle-Foot Tales from Potlatch Cabin Herbert V. "Perry 118
The Black Cat (Short Story) cAdonen 121
Three Loves (Poem) Jlorence 8May Wright 122
DEPARTMENTS:
OUR POINT OF VIEW 123
Memaloose (Poem) Laura Miller 125
MEN AND WOMEN— \
"What are we here for?" (Fourth article in this series) . . Loris Melikoff Johnson 126
"Beauty in Men" 127
THE HOME—
Domestic Science Suzy Tracy 128
Exercise in the Home Oraar<v 128
Japanese Homes 129
BOOKS 130
THE IDLER 131
QUESTIONS OF THE DAY—
What Chance of Success has the Democratic Party in
the Next National Election L. "B. Cox 132
THE MONTH 133
In Politics, Science, Literature, Art, Education and
Religious Thought, with Leading Events.
Earth's Calendar (Poem) (Adelaide "Pugh 137
THE FINANCIAL WORLD 138
CHESS 139
DRIFT—
Humorous Selections 141
"Bill" (Short Story) F. S.B.. 142
Transvaal Literature 144
Alaska to Uncle Sam (Poem) Sam C. "Dunham 145
Portland Sanitarium 147
To C. C C. (Poem) W.W.W. 148
Terras:— $1.00 a year in advance; 10 cents a copy. Subscribers should remit to us in P. O. or express
money-orders, or in bank checks, dratts, or registered letters.
Agents for The Pacific Monthly are wanted in every locality, and the publishers offer unusual in-
ducements to first-class agents. Write for our terms.
Manuscript sent to The Pacific Monthly will not be returned after publication unless definite in-
structions to that effect with stamps accompany letters enclosing manuscript.
Address all correspondence, of whatever nature, to
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. CO.,
Chamber of Commerce, PORTLAND, OREGON.
Copyrighted 1900 by William Bittle Wells.
Entered at the Postoffice at Portland, Oregon, as second-class matter.
The publishers of The Pacific Monthly will esteem it a favor if readers of the Magazine will kindly
mention The Pacific Monthly when dealing with our advertisers.
The Ellis Printing Co.. 105 First St., Portland, Or.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Our Talks with the Public
READ, PONDER AND CONSIDER
II.
The Pacific Monthly b^gan last month a series of "Twelve Talks with the Public
on Advertising." The publishers have been led to adopt this course because they
believe that advertising is an art that is appreciated by the advertiser himself, but>
as a rule, given too little thought or consideration by the general public. This
condition of affairs, however, has been undergoing a rapid change during the past
few years. The Pacific Monthly wishes, in relation to itself at least, to hasten the
process — hence these talks.
JJ^HE advertising pages of a magazine are considered by some
people simply as a "necessary evil." If the advertising
attracts their attention, it has been the result of curiosity
more than of anything else. But such people, behind the times
in regard to advertising, are usually behind the times in re-
gard to everything else.
One of the most important, and, to the wide-awake person,
necessary features of our periodicals is the advertising section.
It is there that he finds direct messages from the advertisers,
—appeals to his self-interest and to his sense of economy, and
the latest improvements in the industrial world — a literary
exposition, as it were, of the necessities, luxuries and con-
veniences of the day. To overlook such an important feature,
therefore, may be characterized as simply folly. This fact is
being more and more recognized by the thoughtful public, un-
til now messages from the business world, as represented in
the advertising pages, attract almost as much attention as the
literary part of the magazine.
Look over our "ads" and if you see something that you
want, get it— and mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
A List of the Firms which make their
ANNOUNCEMENTS in THE PACIFIC MONTHLY
ALLESINA, JOHN— Umbrellas.
AMERICAN LAUNDRY.
ASTORIA & COLUMBIA RIVER R. R.
BUFFUM & PENDLETON — Hatters
and Furnishers.
BARNES MARKET CO.— Butter, Oys-
ters, Game, Fruit, Etc.
BLUMAUER - FRANK DRUG CO.—
Wholesale Druggists.
BOYER, I. D— Merchant Tailor.
BLUE MOUNTAIN ICE & FUEL CO.
BOERICKE & RUNYON— Willamette
Corn Cure.
CLARKE BROS— Florists.
CLOSSET & DEVERS— Coffee, Golden
West Baking Powder.
CORBITT & MACLEAY Co.— Kusa-
lana Tea.
COLUMBIA TELEPHONE CO.
COAST AGENCY CO.— Typewriters,
Etc.
DOWNING, HOPKINS & CO.— Brokers
DENVER & RIO GRANDE R. R.
ELLIS PRINTING CO.
EMMONS, A. C. & R. W— Attorneys-
at-Law.
FIRST NATIONAL BANK.
GOODYEAR RUBBER CO.
GODDARD, E. C. & CO.— Shoes.
GLISAN, R. L — Attorney-at-Law.
GILL, J. K. CO.— Booksellers.
GREAT ROCK ISLAND ROUTE.
HENRICHSEN, L. C. & CO.— Jewelers.
HOLM AN, EDWARD— Funeral Direc-
. tor.
HOME INSURANCE CO.
INMAN, POULSEN & CO —Lumber.
JOLLS — Chocolates.
JONES' BOOK STORE.
KRANER & KRAMER— Tailors.
LADD & TILTON— Bankers.
LIBRARY ASSOCIATION.
MELEEN, N. F. — Scientific Masseur.
MITCHELL & TANNER— Attorneys-
at-Law.
MODEL LAUNDRY.
MUTUAL BENEFIT LIFE INS. CO.
NOON, W. C. BAG CO.
NAU, FRANK— Druggist.
NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
NORTHWESTERN LINE.
OREGON RAILWAY & NAVIGATION
CO.
OREGON SHORT LINE RAILROAD.
PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE
CO.
PATENT RECORD— Monthly Maga-
zine.
PORTLAND SANITARIUM.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC
CO.
PORTLAND WIRE & IRON WORKS.
PACIFIC MONTHLY.
RIO GRANDE WESTERN RAILWAY.
REGULATOR LINE.
RIPANS TABULES.
RUSSELL & CO.— Engines, Boilers,
Etc.
RICHET CO.— Grocers, Etc.
SKIDMORE, S. G. & CO.— Druggists.
SOUTHERN PACIFIC CO.
SMITH, W. G. & CO.— Card Engravers.
SILVERFIELD FUR MFG. CO.
TELEPHONE INDEX.
TITLE GUARANTEE & TRUST CO.
THOMSON, W. J. & CO.
UNION LAUNDRY.
UNITED TYPEWRITER & SUPPLIES
CO.
UNIQUE TAILORING CO.
UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD.
UNITED STATES NATIONAL BANK.
VIENNA MODEL BAKERY.
WILLSON, H. B. & CO.— Patents.
WISDOM'S ROBERTINE.
WHITE COLLAR LINE.
iv
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Use-
r\
THE TELEPHONE INDEX
<A time saber for business men, and the only Index pub-
lished giving both Companies numbers,
PRICE, $2.00 PER YEAR.
For Advertising Space or Subscription, address
G. H. AYDELOTTE,
No. 5 Raleigh Bldg., Portland, Ore.
Telephones
Oregon Main 816.
Columbia 238.
CAN BE OBTAINED ONLY
...Through a Complete...
Metallic Circuit For Mch $ubscriber' and
— No Party Lines.
THE COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY
Alone has these Advantages.
OFFICES, 606-607 Oregonian Building, PORTLAND, OREGON.
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" Trie F'olioy Holders' Company "
THE NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
1st k Cash Surrender Value. 2d A Loan equal in amount to the Cash Value.
3d Extended Insurance for the Foil amount of Policy, without the request of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-np Policy
• SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
727, 738 & 729 Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
BALLrBearing Type-Bar Joints and Fixed
Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unimpair-
able Alignment, Lightest Key Action. The
Most Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work.
Carriage locks at end of line, protecting the
writing. Compact Shift Keyboard. Numer-
ous Handy Features. Address for full par-
ticulars,
United Typewriter 8c Supplies Co.
No. 233 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
Transact a General Banking Business
Special Attention Given to
Collections
JPORTTI^^IVD, OREGOJST
H. W. Corbett, President.
G. 13- Withington, Cashier.
J. W. Newkirk, Asst. Cashier.
W. C. Alvord, 2d Asst. Cashier.
First National Bank
OF
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Corner First and Washington Streets.
Capital
Surplus,
$500,000.00.
650,000.00.
Designated Depositary, and Financial Agent,
United States.
Insure your property ivith the
Home Insurance Co*
♦.♦♦O/New York
Cash Capital, $3,000,000.00.
The Great American Fire Insurance
Company.
Assets aggregating over $12,000,000.00, ALL
available for American Policy Holders.
J. D. COLEMAN, General Agent,
OHN H. BURGARD,
SPECIAL AGENT.
250 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OR.
334 ALOEB SI.
GRILL WORK TOR CLIWOft CHC10SURE9
p9rmAHD,0re§oiv
Wire and Iron Fencing,
Window Guards, Etc.
Tel. Black 1961.
335 ALDER ST.
Tne Blumauer-FranK Drug Go.
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly
W. J. THOMSON & CO. I
First-class work in
HALF TONES
ZINC ETCHING
DESIGNING
ENGRAVING
■*> 105J^ First Street, Bet. Stark and Washington »
J Portland, Oregon 1*
vi THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
MORTGAGE LOANS
On Improved
Portland City Property
In sums from $500 to $500,000 at lowest current interest rate*.
HP|4-f z*c Abstracted and Insured against
1 1 L 1 W^ Defect or Loss.
TrilStS Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND TRUST CO.
FIND US IN OUR NEW OFFICES,
FOURTH STREET ENTRANCE
wm. m. ladd, president. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING,
J. THORBURN ROSS, MANAGER.
T. T. BURKHART, ASST. SECRETARY. PORTLAND, ORE.
+♦♦♦♦♦ ♦»)♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦■♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
j: A way to
I Make Money
It is truly said that "a dollar saoed is a dollar earned."
If a dollar means anything to you, then uou should buy
$your life insurance from the Mutual Benefit
Life Insurance Co. of Newark, N. J. It is the
only Company that puts FOUR guarantees in the
policy, beginning toith the SECOND year. Send for
sample policy to
RICHARD H. PICKERING,
State Agent,
X The Chambers, Oregon, idaho and Montana, I
Third and Alder Sts., PORTLAND, OR.
!
♦ 4ttMtHHHHHH ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦4
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
Beware, Base Albion!
<By JOAQUIN SMILLER.
Beware, base Albion, beware!
"Perfidious Albion" of old
Her name; her fame, or foul or fair,
To get and get and hold and hold;
To get and get, or land or gold,
Wherever she could cast a snare
About the weak, before the old —
Beware, false Albion, beware.
Here by our swift, sweet Oregon
She bullied, bribed, she begged, she lied!
She laid her lion's paw upon
Our Pioneers till they defied
Her to her teeth. Just as the Boer
Today defies and bravely dies
As died the Spartan band of yore
For all that fearless freemen prize.
Beware, cursed Albion, beware!
Her cunning trade is still the same;
To get and get; or how or where;
Enslave and rob in freedom's name!
Beware her friendship! Better far
Her hate. We dared, we still can dare
Her hate, her hate in peace or war.
But ah, her friendship! that beware.
The Heights, November, 1899.
The Pacific Monthly.
Vol. III.
JANUARY, 1900.
No. 3.
Why the Pacific Coast Produces the Superior Type
of Americans.
<By COLONEL E. HOFER.
THAT the race characteristics bred
elsewhere and brought into in-
teraction in the United States
must eventually find their highest devel-
opment on the Pacific Coast is a state-
ment that is borne out by reason and
capable of demonstration. Without
deeper scientific and historical research
than can be given in preparing an article
on this subject at this time, and without
presenting more statistics than magazine
readers care to digest, this paper is an
attempt to call attention to what is com-
ing to be widely believed; that this West-
ern region is destined to produce what
will finally be known as the American
race.
If mountains produce rugged char-
acters and great patriotism; if grandeur
in landscapes inspires great thoughts; if
beautiful scenery is an ennobling in-
fluence for the artist and poet; if the mu-
sician is urged to his best by an inde-
scribable purity of atmosphere ; then it is
the destiny of the Pacific Coast to wield
a preponderating influence in the affairs
of the world.
In the matter of climate and products,
this region is peculiarly .adapted, not only
to all native Americans, but to the best
races derived from Northern Europe.
The Scotch, Irish, English, Germans,
Danes, Belgians, Hollanders, Welsh and
Canadians find themselves perfectly ac-
commodated here.
The Pacific Coast possesses the condi-
tions for producing the greatest race that
has ever inhabited the earth. From semi-
tropic Southern California to temperate
Northern Washington, in the humid ma-
rine valleys on the far western slope, on
the foothills, and in the heavily timbered
forests of the mountain ranges, there are
presented a variety of climates found in
no other similar area of the world. The
mildness and moisture of England, the
sunny skies and balmy airs of the most
favored lands of Southern Europe, the
home of the olive and vine wherever
found, all combined cannot match this
region in salubrity, fertility and adapta-
bility for maintaining a large population
in wealth and comfort.
Outdoor occupations are not preclud-
ed one-third to one-half the year by the
rigors of the climate, as they are in most
parts of Europe and in many of the East-
ern states. The greatest variety of occu-
pations and a complete sundering of the
individual from the social and institu-
tional life of the older countries is char-
acteristic of the Pacific Coast. If it be
true of material life that "with each ad-
vance of intellectual power the depend-
ence on environment becomes more and
more intimate," then it must follow that
the highest race development will take
place under the most favorable environ-
ment.
No region offers such variety of occu-
pations as this; in no land are the doors
of opportunity so widely opened as here;
in no country are offered the same in-
ducements to best endeavor. Here are
yet undiscovered mines, untraversed for-
ests, unbroken virgin soils and unhar-
102
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
nessed water powers. Here flourish agri-
culture and horticulture, fisheries and
ship-building, lumbering and dairying,
sheep and cattle ranching. The factory
and the farm stand side by side on the
verge of the wilderness. The college and
the university are reared amid the stumps
of the primeval forest. The black smoke
of the factory flings its hopeful, inspiring
banners across skies pierced by peaks of
everlasting snow. In our harbors ships
are laden for all the great commercial
ports of the world. If confined to our
coasting trade and to the American
islands of the Pacific, our shipping will
soon rival the tonnage of the Atlantic.
San Francisco, Portland, Tacoma and
Seattle are today commercial cities of the
world.
For the same reasons that the general
Aryan stock was developed into the peer-
less Anglo-Saxon race-force in Western
Europe, the American race will reach its
highest perfection here. The spirit of
adventure has always led the bravest and
hardiest to follow the "westering" sun.
This influence has brought the very pick
of the nation to the western slope of our
continent. It was an ancient saying in
Devon, in Queen Elizabeth's day, that
"one man from the west of England
could fight three easterlings." This ar-
gued that two could beat six Spaniards,
and they forthwith tackled armies with
regiments and fleets with single ships. It
was the west of England that caught the
first impact of the great awakening that
sent explorers to raise the curtains of a
new world. It was the West that in-
spired President McKinley and changed
his conservatism into that firm confi-
dence in the capacity of the American
people, not only to govern themselves
but to assume a share of the responsibili-
ties devolving upon a great world-power.
The Pacific Coast is typically Amer-
ican because it was made American and
settled upon by Americans, not by masses
of population from Europe, as were New
England by the English, Louisiana by
the French, or Florida by the Spanish.
The region between the Rockies and
the Pacific is almost destitute of any
great bodies of immigrants direct from
Europe. The census . shows a smaller
percentage of foreigners in this section
than elsewhere — indeed, there may be
said to be almost no foreign settlements
in the sense that any one race predomi-
nates to such an extent as to retain their
own language or customs. Newspapers
in foreign languages and schools taught
in foreign tongues are almost unknown
outside of a few cities.
The Chinese do not blend and inter-
mingle with the white race as do all the
immigrants from Europe, and Chinese
immigration has been stopped. The Pa-
cific Coast has a sprinkling of foreign
elements, but the great masses of the peo-
ple are distinctively American. They are
either pure native American stock, or
American-born, English-speaking Cau-
casians, or they are the descendants of
the best European immigrants who came
by millions between 1840 and 1870 and
settled in the older Eastern and Middle
states.
Oregon territory was explored by
Americans sent out by an American
president. It was settled by overland
trains of American farmers from the
great Middle West. They took posses-
sion of a region now occupied by the
states of Washington, Oregon, Idaho
and parts of Montana and Wyoming.
Once Oregon was conquered for Amer-
ican homes, the Pacific coast line was
soon extended south by the acquisition
of California. Within fifty years the do-
main west of the Rockies was formed and
occupied as American territory and
builded.into states that for magnificence
of resources and opportunities stand un-
paralleled.
Professor Condon, a pioneer and
noted Pacific Coast scientist, has traced
the process of natural selection by which
the immigration to the Pacific Coast was
composed of the very highest types from
all the Eastern and Middle states. The
taking of families across pathless deserts
and along trails blazed by trappers and
hunters over mountain chains and
through territory occupied by hostile In-
dians, required a high order of courage
and endurance. Here was a practical
and natural selection of a new people
for a new country. Many of them were
pioneers and descendants of pioneers
from frontier states. They underwent
anew all the privations and hardships of
WHY THE PACIFIC COAST PRODUCES THE SUPERIOR TYPE OF AMERICANS. 103
their ancestors. Condon, in' a paper,
points out that none but frontiersmen
wanted to go overland to the Western
coast. These border Americans de-
pended on manhood more than on capi-
tal for success. The dependent poor and
the wealthy were alike excluded when
the foundations of the West were laid. He
shows that in like manner a high physical
standard was required. The chronically
feeble were excluded from the move-
ment. Men and women in the prime
of life, not afraid of deserts, mountains
or Indians, many of them Indian fight-
ers, and all of them accustomed to the
use of firearms from childhood — these
were the material which constituted the
primitive society of the Pacific coast.
Scarcely can a family be found that
does not contain one or more crosses
of the white races of Northern Europe.
These descendants of European ancestry
bear no impress of their racial origin.
Their manners, speech, morals and poli-
tics are American. Their homes — most
blessed fact of all — are American, and
they believe in America and the superi-
ority of the American system of living,
business and government.
In discussing Western individuality, a
writer in Ainslie's for December, 1899,
says:
Far out upon the Pacific coast, isolated by
dividing mountain ranges, but supported by
natural resources which have no peer else-
where upon the earth, are men and women
who do not know what it is to be stinted
and deprived, who dwell perpetually in com-
fortably won competences, but who, through
their distance from the rest of the nation,
must build their own empire after their own
models, as they made the "California Code"
in the '50s. and as they made their transcon-
tinental railroad in the '60s. They will be in-
dependent, but never necessarily iconoclastic.
They will make new laws, and new arts, and
new people, and they will expect the balance
of the country to follow rather than that they
themselves shall be the followers.
A superior race will also be produced
on this coast because all the conditions
for rearing children are favorable. The
; climate permits outdoor life nearly all
\. the year. Contagious and infantile
J troubles appear in mild form, and pass
away leaving almost no deleterious effect
; on the growing generation. Whether on
the inland plateaus, on the seashore, or
on the mountain slopes, our youth range
with a greater freedom and variety of
enjoyment the year around than else-
where. They stretch to stalwart boys
and maidens, on an average, almost a
fourth or a third larger than children
reared in a climate that is semi-annual
alternation between a brickoven and a
refrigerator. We may admit that the
long period of frigid and boreal tempera-
tures may leave the coming generations
without the stimulus to activity given by
a climate that makes you hustle six
months to exist the other six months.
But we deduce from better conditions a
repose and stability of temperament fa-
vorably to the product of a higher type.
President Campbell, for many years at
the head of one of our largest normal
schools, in one of his lectures puts it
this way: "Our young people have no
weight of tradition or old customs to
hold down their ambitions. Their men-
tal habit is to think of themselves as
being as good and as capable as any-
body. To their minds, it is not a sin to
unblushingly aspire. Most of them sup-
port themselves and get their education
as a result of their own industry. This
begets self-reliance and will-power. They
think they can do things, and the
thought becomes father of the deed. A
thinly scattered population is not so en-
tirely absorbed with local considerations.
They depend for entertainment on the
news of the whole world, and not on that
of their own state and community.
"The mind of a boy in New York is
taken up with local interests, and he
becomes provincial in his range of
thought. A boy on the Pacific coast is
drawn to read of the East, of Europe,
Asia and the Antipodes, until they are
familiar as the next county."
The formation of a great race must
spring from a people taking broad views
of life and culture. The Pacific Coast
possesses the capacity for the greatest
breadth of thought. Its population has
not been refined by the specializing edu-
cational influences of the older communi-
ties, nor narrowed into ruts of tradition.
The coast is not New England, New
Amsterdam, nor New Poland. It is
cosmopolitan, not provincial. Its activi-
ties are from a superabundance of new
m
THE PACIFIC €MONTHLY.
blood, not from the ferment caused by
the transition of great masses of Old
World corpuscles into a younger civiliza-
tion. The Pacific Coast is particularly
free from religious and race prejudices.
No man is asked whence he sprang or
what he believes. Puritan and Mormon,
Jew and Catholic, are equals here, so
long as they individually believe in them-
selves and in American toleration and
equality.
There can be but one conclusion from
these hastily sketched facts and condi-
tions— the Pacific Coast has all the ele-
ments necessary to beget the type of hu-
manity the world has waited to see — the
perfect composite race; and that it is
now producing and will continue to pro-
duce such a race is borne out by the
evidence on all hands.
Under the Snow.
There are pleasant things waiting for me,
Under the snow —
Not dead things that poets grieve about,
O, no.
First will come a vision fair,
The purple wind-flower with her silken hair;
Then violets like my sweet love's eyes,
And roses, pink, and white, and red,
And some all golden, like my sweet love's
head.
But these are not the sweetest things —
Well, there's the song the bluebird sings,
Can you not guess? No?
Why, then will come my love herself —
She has promised so.
Ah! the sweetest things await for me
Under the snow.
Oh, yes, they do — you need not shake your
head
With wise "perhaps," or "if," or "time will
show,"
There is no "if" to cloud my perfect world
Under the snow.
Nay, do not breathe the dreadful thing you
look,
It cannot be where there is love
And faith — I know, I know —
Not even if it lay its horrid head
Among my violets sweet and roses red,
Under the snow.
Then let me be, and let me dream
My own sweet dream my own sweet way;
I am content, I know
All that you would wisely say.
Then wherefore chide, although
I do not borrow pain and search for thorns
Under the snow.
SMartha. 'Pearson Smith.
In Flood Time.
<By SMARGARET STANISLAWSKY.
THE water had been coming up
slowly and a flood had been
dreaded for days, but the burst-
ing of the great dyke was a totally
unexpected calamity. The Higgin-
son house was at the lowest part
of the valley and the rescuing of the
family was the first thought. The larg-
est boat that could be found was sent
for them. There were eleven Higgin-
sons, but when the boat arrived it was
found that there were, besides, two girls,
friends of the daughters. One of the
girls was also the fiancee of the oldest
son. All could not be taken off without
swamping the boat. Who should be
left? The water lapping against the old
walls would not long leave them stand-
ing. It was a question whether they
could last till the boat should return.
The first story was under water now.
"Well, Frank and I are the ones to
stay. If there is any danger we have
the best chance, and we are sure to be
all right till the boat comes back," said
John, the second son. He was arguing
with the appeal in his mother's eyes.
"Wre will be all right, mother," he added.
"If Frank stays I will not go," said
Frank's fiancee, rising up in the boat.
John tried to argue the matter hur-
riedly; there was no time for delay. One
of the oarsmen arose and pushed Frank
toward his oar. "No woman would face
drowning for me. I'll be less loss," he
said.
The other girl visitor heard, and the
words fitted into the loneliness of her
own life; this and the beauty of the sac-
rifice to the young happiness of the lov-
ers, touched her to sudden action. She,
too, arose, and stepped out on the porch
roof. "I do not mind staying. The boat
will be back in plenty of time," she said,
calmly, in such a matter-of-fact tone
that it almost persuaded the boys. The
need of haste was urgent, and when the
boat pushed oft, both brothers were in,
and the girl and the oarsman were left
behind. Silently they watched the boat
move off, carefully picking its way
among the floating logs and fence poles.
The waste of waters under the cloud-
dimmed moonlight was unutterably
dreary.
"We had better go inside," said the
man, "and find some wraps. It is cold."
They moved toward the window,
where she stood again for a moment
and gazed after the boat. He helped
her in and drew up a chair to the win-
dow. He could only find some cover-
lets off the beds. These he brought and
wrapped around her, making her feet
comfortable on the low sill. He threw
one down for himself and drew it around
him as he leaned against her chair. They
gazed out silently on the melancholy
waste. It occurred to neither that they
had not met before. They seemed to
know each other well.
"You know this may mean the last?"
he said, after a while.
"Yes," she said, with a shudder — it
was so bleak and chill, and they could
do nothing but wait. The water was
rising very slowly now.
"Wrhy did you stay?" he asked.
"I could not bear to leave you after
you said that," she answered; "besides,
they seemed to have so much more to
live for."
"You are alone, too? I thought so.
After all, it was not quite true what I
said. You were willing to face it with
me?"
"Yes," she said.
He reached out and held her hand.
The companionship was warmth in this
awful cold and gloom. And now the
boat had gone, there were thoughts that
would not down. Ruddy, healthy life
cannot face slow death without a shud-
der. They were quite silent for a while.
Then he spoke again.
"My brothers and sisters have grown
106
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
up since I left home. I am nothing to
them. They probably never will hear."
"After all, the boat may come back."
She tried to be cheerful.
"When one is facing death," he said,
"everything is so different. Life seems
so small and unimportant; yet so dear.
You wonder how ever any other thought
than this awful reality could claim your
attention. Yet how you would like to
go back to the old indifference. I sup-
pose, after the little things, one is not
used to the strain of this great one."
"Don't," she said, with a convulsive
grasp of the hand that held hers.
"Don't! Let us hope!"
Just then came a muffled crash, and
the house shook. Something had given
way. The girl shrank closer to the man.
He put his arm around her for a mo-
ment. Then, when the crash was not
repeated, and all seemed as before, he
put her back in her chair and went to
the head of the stairs. In the blackness
he could see nothing and came back
again to his place. " He sat down and
gazed intently out upon the waters.
From the first he had no thought of
escape. It had been to him just giving
his life for a more valued one. She was
thinking of the return of the boat; fight-
ing fiercely against admitting any pos-
sibility of its being too late. They sat
on, silently listening to the lapping of
the waters. Debris floating against the
walls made dull noises. She started at
each. He reached out for her hand
again. As he did, a sob of intense anxi-
ety burst from her. They seemed so
near in their common danger, and the
sacrifices they had made.
"After all," he said, in a low voice, "I
suppose one need never be alone if one
could see as clearly and dare as much in
life as at the point of death."
She shuddered.
"Do not let my hand go then," she
said, and he knew she meant at the last.
"I shall hold it to the end," he said.
They sat on silently through the long
moments, with only an occasional word,
yet each felt intensely the presence of
the other. He was thinking how long
they might have been acquainted in that
outside life they had lived, without feel-
ing that they had known each other as
now. It was as though they had lived
on the surface of life, then suddenly
dived down to the depths beneath where
they saw each other and all things more
clearly in a light not possible above.
Suddenly a halloo startled them. They
sprang to their feet, but could see noth-
ing. The man gave an answering shout.
Another halloo came. It was the boat
returning. . She made a movement as
if to withdraw her hand, but he held it
firmly.
"To the end!" he said.
Now the boat was in sight. The
moon came for a while from behind the
clouds. Tears were running down the
girl's face. As they were about to step
out on the porch roof again to get into
the boat, he held her back a moment.
"Surely it cannot be the end for you
and me?" he said. "We can never be
alone again."
She was not capable of speaking at
that moment, but she raised her eyes
to his face, and he knew it had not ended
for her any more than for him.
The Mysterious Divide.
The latest flowers faded .yesterday;
The robin softly sang his farewell lay;
My burdened heart is sad the livelong day.
Like foolish children met we on life's way
And thought we never more should walk
apart;
And yet you coldly left me, and my heart
Aches with the pain of parting. Who can say
Where lies the line between our love and hate,
That line dividing — is it not of fate?
I only know that by a garden wall
Where, on that night, the silvery moon-
beams fell,
And nightbird unto bird did sweetly call,
We lingered; yet, alas — did say farewell!
ReUtv Nivorb.
The Beauty Tree.
"By Katherim Farmer.
IN olden days, in the land of Some-
where, was planted the Garden of
the Powers. In the midst of the
garden, beside the well of Truth, grew
a tree called Beauty.
This tree was not native to the land,
but was transplanted thither from the
Heavenly Gardens. The young tree
grew; and flourished. The birds of Love
and Peace and Joy sang among its
branches. Many wearied mortals rest-
ed beneath its shade. The breath of its
blooms gave them gladness, and those
who ate of its fruit were strengthened
and. refreshed.
The blight which comes from envy
fell upon the face of none. The women
twined about their foreheads garlands of
blossoms gathered from the tree and
sang as they toiled. Let them gather as
they would, the tree was not despoiled;
for he who gave the garden had power
to give new leaf or branch.
But there came a time when the bird
of Peace flew out of the garden, and the
bird of Joy sang no more in the tree.
For, while the garden was new, there
was blown upon the soil by an evil wind
from the desert of Chaos the seed of a
mighty vine — a new and nameless
power.
After lying dormant for many days,
this seed germinated and sprang up,
and, the gardener being gone upon a
journey, there was no hand to pluck it
from the ground.
For a time it lay prone, sending out
long tendrils hither and thither, seeking
support. At length it crossed the well
of Truth, hiding the waters with its
: monstrous leaves, and reached the
strong and perfect trunk of the Beauty
tree.
It grew and grew until no part of the
t tree was left free from its clinging ten-
drils. It hung its gaudy blooms among
the blossoms of the tree and mingled its
heavy perfume with the fragrance of
Beauty.
There came a day when men came
into the garden and said: "Behold the
vine! How it has flourished! Let us
rest in the shade of the vine."
And they ate of its fruit and forgot the
tree and gave themselves up to the pow-
er of the vine.
Deaf were they to the pleading voices
of the few wise ones of the land, who
said: "Our master who gave us the
garden planted no vine therein. Let us
beware lest evil come upon us."
After this there was strife in the land.
Those who loved the vine began to de-
stroy the works of beauty and grace
which in times past had pleased them,
and built new dwellings from which the
very beasts of the field turned in shame
and fear. •
The women spoiled the grace of their
forms by strange, stiff raiment and be-
gan to deck their heads with the plum-
age and dead bodies of song-birds.
There was discord among the maid-
ens and youths, and even the children
mocked one another, saying: "We are
of the vine," or, "What know you of
beauty? Your people are of the tree!"
There were burdened hearts and pale
faces, and the men called healers began
to prosper in land and store.
When, after many days, the gardener
returned and saw the vine, sorrow filled
his heart. Going to the master of the
garden he said: "Woe is mine! But
with helpers and tools I can perchance
remove the evil thing."
But the master said: "Helpers and
tools will I not send. The tree will still
grow and bear as of old. As the people
have chosen, let them still choose."
Thus the tree and the vine still grow
and the strife goes on. The children of
the people to whom the garden was
given gather about the two in great and
m
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
increasing numbers each day.
On the outskirts of the throng are
men and women in sombre garments,
who, thinking to save some from the
evil which is in the land, cry out: "Go
ye not to the tree!" and "Go ye not to
the vine! Verily evil is there!"
But there are men and women who,
lifting aside the leaves of the vine, have
looked into the well of Truth. These
stand in the garden teaching the falter-
ing ones to reach high up to the boughs
of the tree. Teaching them, too, that to
bear the laden branches to the weary
ones without is a gracious deed, and
pleasing in the master's sight.
It may be that sometime in the land
of Somewhere the love of the true and
the beautiful may live in the hearts of
all; that evil shall be no more. Then
will all who come into the garden re-
joice. For the tree will wave its proud
branches, and the sunlight will fall upon
every bud and bloom. Then the master
.of the garden will say: "My people
have chosen well."
Elise; a Sequel to "The Voice of the Silence/'
THE cabin in the pine grove was
empty. Elise would never cross
its rude threshold again. On the
day that she became the wife of Colonel
Randolph she severed herself from the
old life utterly and forever, and went
forth into the world again without a
shadow of regret for the things that were
left behind. It is true that she carried
with her the little brown bov, Nanita's
child, but she told herself that it was
clearly a duty to do so.
The Colonel might, under other cir-
cumstances, have objected to this addi-
tion of a "young savage" to his newly
formed household, but at present he was
too happy and too much in love to be
conscious of the existence of a wish
counter to his bride's. When, in the
hurried preparations for departure, she
said, "Of course, you are willing to take
the boy. You know I cannot part with
him," he assented cheerfully.
"Take a whole tribe if it will add to
your pleasure, my loved one. What is
an Indian more or less?"
"Oh, but he is not an Indian. You
know his mother had white blood in her
veins, and his own father was a white
man."
"The more shame to him! It's an un-
lucky mixture. But take your little half-
savage, if you want him. He's a scared-
looking little chap; looks as if he'd like
to escape and hide in the woods. Is he
dumb? I've never heard him speak."
The child, standing by the window,
peering out into the gathering- night,
heard every word, but gave no sign that
he heard. His dark eyes were heavy
with unshed tears, but he kept the
steadily fixed upon the tossing rive
where the tide fobbed strongflv a^ains
the wind. He did not understand thi
sadden interruption of the hitherto quiet
life of the rabin. and he was vafuel
lat
vy
nst
his
:
troubled bv it. Moreover, he hated thi
elegant p-entlempn, who behaved as if he
owneH the whole v"»r1ri, and who mo-
nopolized his dear Elise. And now he
ELISE; A SEQUEL TO "THE VOICE OF THE SILENCE."
109
was to be taken away; he had heard
them say so, and he did not want to go.
Why should he leave this place, where
he knew the birds and squirrels, and
where even the gulls, winging seaward
in the early twilight, seemed to hail him
friend and comrade as he watched their
soft flight from the top step of the stairs
that led to the river beach. He was
frightened when he thought that he
might never see them again, and he had
all a child's nervous dread of change, of
cutting loose from familiar things, and
facing the unknown, but he had, too,
the stoicism of the Indian, and he gave
no sign of what he felt and feared.
Nellie would have kept him gladly,
for she loved children, and this little lad
had endeared himself to her during the
months that had flown since his mother's
death, but she knew that it would be
useless to speak to Elise.
"She has often told me that she will
never part with him," she said to Odin,
sadly, "and yet I think the child would
be happier here than elsewhere. Do
you think she bound herself by a prom-
ise to the mother?"
"Possibly," replied Odin; "but in any
case her affection for him would not per-
mit her to give him up."
As for Odin, though he was not clearly
conscious of it, he was glad that she car-
ried the child with her. He would prove
a reminder of the river, and would sooner
or later return. Then, too, he believed
it well that she should have the respon-
sibility.
Between the two men. in their brief
meeting that day under the pines, when
the Colonel claimed his bride, there was
an instantly recognized, though un-
spoken, antagonism. They hated each
other and each knew that he was hated.
Odin in after years in a sort of amused
shame and wonder, remembered how he
had longed with all the strength and
fierceness of his nature to set upon and
destrov this fine gentleman, with his
white hands and his aristocratic air. He
told himself at the time that it was not
the man himself that aroused his rage
and hatred, but that the class which he
renresented — the leisure class — the class
who lived without toil, or thought, or
care, upon the earnings of the poor; who
wrung the lifeblood from the tillers of
the soil, the mechanics, the workers ev-
erywhere, and, not content with that,
laughed at the misery imposed upon the
tomng masses by the selfish luxury of
the rich. But he knew better, as time
went on, and he acknowledged to him-
self frankly that it was the man he would
have destroyed; and the reason was not
one of deep social significance, as he
had tried to believe, but simply a matter
of jealousy. Colonel Randolph was rob-
bing him of the woman he loved, was
robbing him of that which he knew full
weH he had never possessed, and yet
which he valued more than all else in
life. It eased the pain of parting for
him to be able to feel this leaping flame
of anger in his heart, and there would be
years and years in which to bear the bit-
ter ache that would surely follow.
At the very last, when everything was
done and they were waiting for Jeff, the
Indian, to come with his boat and set
them across the river, where they were
to take the stage for the outer world,
Elise found herself alone for a moment
in the cabin with Nellie. And she re-
membered something, and caught her
breath with a little gasp, realizing how
near she had come to forgetting it en-
tirely.
"Nellie," she said, "I have not told
Odin good-bye. He is down there by
the well. Will you send him to me,
please? There is something I must say
to him."
And Nellie reluctantly obeyed. He
came in. There was nothing in his man-
ner to betray that he suffered, but when
Elise looked up and beheld his set lips
and the pain in his eyes she gave a little
cry, and put her hands up to lay them
on his shoulders, but he took them firmly
in his own.
"You wished to see me?" he said.
"Yes, to say good-bye; to hear you sav
that you rejoice in my happiness. Tell
me that you are glad, Odin.''
"I am verv glad."
"Your voice belies your words; you
speak as one might at a funeral."
"You do not expect me to exhibit very
great delight over your going- away for-
ever?" He smiled, still holding her
hands.
110
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
"Will you really miss me, Odin; so
very mucn, 1 mean:'"
rxe am not Iook at her, and he did not
answer, out siie ieit ins lianas tighten
upon hers till her wedaing ring cut into
tne hesn. "borgive me, my Odin. 1
know my going means sometning to you
— but 1, too, am sad to leave you — dear,
dear friend." She slipped one of her
hands free, and, lifting her arm, laid it
about his neck. She was gracefully tall,
but as she stood there, her head bent
slightly back, her eyes searching his
own, her forehead was just on a level
with his lips.
"Kiss me, Odin," she said, softly,
moved to compassion by his evident
pain.
"I have not the right to kiss you now."
She lifted her lips. "Kiss raef' There
was a note of command in her voice, but
he only looked at her.
"Kiss me, Odin!" the sweet mouth
quivered and her eyes filled with tears.
He stooped and laid his lips to hers, but
the coldness of his kisses chilled her.
She turned her face away and hid it on
his breast, her. arm still about his neck.
Her heart was full of tenderest pity.
Presently she glanced up and drew
away slightly. "Odin, there is some-
thing I must tell you, but perhaps you
know; perhaps you have thought of it
yourself. You will be lonely when I am
gone — " she paused.
"Yes," he said, "I have thought of
that. I am better informed upon that
subject, I think, than any one else can
possibly be."
"But it is not that — at least, tint is not
all — " There was a step outside and
they heard Nellie's voice calling to them
that the boat was coming. Elise caught
up her gloves. "We are ready. Say
that I will be down in a moment," she
cried; then, turning again and speaking
in haste, "Odin. Nellie loves you."
"T think not." •
"But I am sure of it."
"T hope vou are mistaken."
"Why?"'
"T^br her own sake."
"You must marry her, Odin. You
will be mu<m happier — you will both be
bsnpv." .She paused upon the thresh-
old, and gave him her hand, now in-
cased in its glove. "Tell me before I go
mat you win ao tins, i^et Hie carry away
w an me tne nope tnat you two, my dear,
uear friends, will make each otner glad."
Udin held lier hand ligntiy m ins own.
"1 snail never marry, ue answered me-
chanically.
"Why not?" she asked. "I have done
wrong to tell you Nellie's secret, which
slie has never told me, it you still hold
to that."
" Y ou have only told me what you
thought and — hoped. You are mis-
taken, that is all. 1 shall never marry."
"Wrhy do you say that? Why — " but
something in his eyes stopped her ques-
tions. "Good-bye, Odin, good-bye."
She leaned back and he kissed her again,
as he had done so often, not willingly
but because she wished it, and then she
went out and down the path under the
pines for the last, last time, and went
without one backward glance, to the new
love, and the new life, leaving the man
who had loved her first, who loved her
still, standing inside the cabin door dumb
with the pain of parting.
But when Nellie came up from the
beach after the last good-bye had been
said, and Elise, with many promises to
write, had departed with the colonel and
the little Indian lad, crossing the river
to the landing where the stage was al-
ready drawn up and waiting for its un-
usual passengers, she found the cabin
empty. Odin had taken his disappoint-
ment away from the sight of even her
loving, sympathetic eyes. She sighed
and set about the task of putting the de-
serted place in order, preparatory to leav-
ing it to the occupation of the squirrels
and birds and wood mice. For Elise had
said that the windows were to be left
open and the door unlocked, lest anv
passing in a night of storm should seek
shelter there and find it barred.
_As she moved about the small olace the
girl thought upon the strange life-scenes
that had been enacted beneath its hum-
ble roof, and of the woman who had
prown up there beautiful and strong;,
free of limb and free of soul, like a wild
young thing of the forest; and yet so
schooled bv nature that she was fitted to
take her place in the great, eray world of
fashion of which she (Nellie) knew so
<A FRAGMENT.
lit
little save what she gleaned from books
and day dreams. xlovv strange it all
seemed! And yet was it strange ■ For
environment does not determine charac-
ter. Hlise would have been the same
sweet, lovable, inconsistent creature if
she had been brought up in a garret or
in a palace instead of not being brought
up at all, but allowed to grow like a wild
flower on the hills. She was born with
a soul, and it is the dominant power of
the spirit that develops and determines
character. There may be, there are, ex-
ceptions to this rule, of course, but the
rule nevertheless is one that holds good
through all the ages, and must while
man's will, more potent as a factor in his
spiritual growth than material circum-
stance, is strong to work out his salva-
tion, and man's soul, man's self, is the
breath of God.
It is always the- self-conscious person
who vacilates, who is awkward and un-
certain in speech and action. The man
or the woman who has never been sub-
jected to criticism, who has acquired
knowledge naturally and without re-
straint or surveillance is not apt to think
much about what other people are going
to say. Elise had grace, the free, un-
trammeled grace of the panther or the
fawn. She was incapable of an awkward
movement. She had beauty, and having
eyes it did not take her long to discover
that her face was fairer than the faces
of other women. She was young, and,
above all, she had money. Refinement
of manner was a thing that came to her
from an aristocratic lineage. As for the
(To be continued.)
rest, when a woman has all these — youth,
beauty, grace, natural wit and unlimited
riches — the world is ready to accept her
at the highest valuation. That she should
lake the social world by storm and lead
it captive was not to be wondered at,
fresh from the wilds though she was.
The surprising thing was that she her-
self should after the novelty wore off find
it unsatisfying, disappointing, and that
she should, when sorrow overtook her,
flee to the shelter of her humble cabin
under the pines and bury herself again
in the wilderness. But now love had
found her out, and a bride, crowned with
happiness and more beautiful than before
she was returning to the world, from
which she had fled but a year ago.
One may learn much in twelve
months. Elise had profited sadly, yet
sweetly, too, by the experiences through
which she had passed. She had learned
something of the real meaning of life
and, though its mystery had deepened,
she regarded it seriously and trustingly.
She had grown, not into a fuller faith,
but into a keener recognition of faith
itself. She saw the living Christ with
clearer eyes, and awoke to the fact that
he looked at her from every side, in the
faces of her friends, in the fishermen on
the river, the Indians that brought her
berries, and, above all, did she behold
him in the eyes of a little child. And,
strangely enough, the man who haa
helped her to this quickened understand-
ing- was one who, himself, was without
faith — who denied the name of Christ,
vet followed "in his steps."
A Fragment.
Oh. hear the wild winds raging
The tall, black heights around!
Mad waves their wrath engaging,-
The hollow cliffs resound.
*******
"Oh, heard ye not their calling?
Oh, love, did ye not hear?"
" 'Tis but the fierce waves falling
Beneath the tall cliffs near."
*******
Two ghastly faces lifting
Beneath the moon's pale beam!
The seagulls see them drifting,
And heard their dying scream.
Margaret Stanislsftosky.
The Ascent of Mt. Vesuvius.
<By SMRS. HENRY W. COE.
THE first night at Naples we looked
out and enjoyed Mount Vesuvius,
eighteen miles away, with flaming
serpents winding down the sides and
fiery dragons leaping in the dark. But
having seen so much, we wanted to see
more, and listened to the stories of those
who had gone up and returned in safety.
"We went," said an old gentleman
from Milwaukee, "but a thousand dol-
lars could not tempt us to go again."
They had told him in the afternoon
that he would have plenty of time to go
up and back before dark. He had
started with his wife, under the impres-
sion that they were to ride all the way,
but when about half way to the top the
driver announced his intention of turn-
ing back, and was only persuaded to
proceed by the payment of more money.
Presently it began to rain, and the wife
wished to give it up. She finally de-
cided to stop near a hut and wait till
her husband, who persisted in complet-
ing the ascent, returned. So he pressed
on, and, after great exertion, found him-
self at the top of the far-famed moun-
tain, much disappointed to see nothing
but odorous steam and smoke pouring
from the crater. So he turned about and
came down again, picking his wife up
by the way, and his advice to everybody
was, "Keep away from Mount Vesu-
vius." i
That evening at dinner we were in-
vited to go to Pompeii next day by Cap-
tain Crosby, who was collecting speci-
mens for the Smithsonian Institution.
And the view we had of the volcano
from that weird and interesting ruin in-
tensified our desire for a nearer acquaint-
ance. Therefore we needed little urging
to join the party which was to make the
ascent with Captain Crosby.
It was half-past seven sharp when we
started from Naples. There were six in
our party. We drove through the streets
of Naples, the dirtiest city in all Europe,
and out into the country beyond.
The ascent begins almost immediately.
We were accompanied on our way, first,
by the peddlers who wanted to sell us
oranges, then by beggars of all sizes and
ages, from two years up to eighty; little
girls with flowers, and boys performing
acrobatic feats. Then came the mu-
sicians.
"Ah," said some one. "are we to have
music all the way up Mount Vesuvius?"
The guide informed us that we would
have several concerts on the way. Some-
times there was only one instrument,
sometimes two or three. They seemed
to have a route of their own, these mu-'
sicians, for upon reaching a certain
point thev all turned and went back to
the place from which they had started.
It was nearly noon when we reached
THE cASCENT OF €MT. VESUVIUS.
tl3
the observatory. A short distance this
side there is a hut, called by courtesy a
restaurant, where you may stop and eat
your luncheon. The coffee that we got
here was — well, anything but inviting,
and the cream — there was none. In this
dilemma the doctor suggested that he
had seen a goat in the yard, and the
guide took the hint, and soon appeared,
leading the goat into the dining-room.
The doctor calmly set about milking it,
as if it were an every-day occurrence,
but had no sooner got a cup full when
the owner of the goat came in, and, pro-
testing that it was not time yet for milk-
ing, led the goat off. However, we got
our cream, or a good substitute for it.
Here we left our team, making the rest
of the way on foot.
After our meal the guide furnished us
with walking-rods. On the way to the
Observatory we passed a large marble
slab erected to the memory of a number
of people who had lost their lives in an
unexpected outburst of lava, a few years
before.
We passed several places on the .way
up where a new road had been made by
Cook & Son, as the old one had been
covered by fresh lava only a short time
before. We came for miles over cold
lava that looked like gigantic coils of
light-brown rope.
On and up, up. The heat, now intense,
was strong with odors of sulphur, but
still on we went, keeping close to our
guide for fear of making a misstep.
Without warning he made a sharp turn,
halting right in front of a gigantic stream
of red, flowing lava. Here it was within
reach of our walking-rods. We were al
its head, where it Doiled up from the
crater. It came as a gigantic, fire-red
serpent, twisting from side to side toward
the edge of the mountain and then leap-
ing down its side. We stood there in
wonder, our faces scorching with heat,
and as we touched it with our walking-
sticks they instantly were aflame.
The gentlemen made souvenirs with
an iron rod turned up at the end and
securely fastened to a walking-stick. You
step up to the molten stream of rock,
putting your hook in; you give it a twist
and then a hard pull, and out comes a
piece of lava. You make a depression in
it with the end of another rod, then, plac-
ing your Italian coin in it you press it
down, and it is finished. This may seem
easy but it is far from easy, for the heat
is almost unendurable while you work.
Then you must be rapid in your move-
ments, for the lava cools quickly, and
will not form around the coin unless it
is red-hot.
In the descent we had to step over
an opening in which you could see, but
a few inches below, the boiling lava. We
then hurried on, as it was getting late.
When nearly to the base of the moun-
tain a glad sight welcomed our eyes — a
man carrying something to drink. You
can imagine how parched our throats
were after a climb under such conditions.
The basket contained white wine, which
tasted very much like fresh cider. We
were thirsty enough to have paid almost
any price, but he onlv asked a lira a bot-
tle, and we, prohibitionists and all,
bought the man out.
When Twilight Comes.
When twilight comes across the quiet land,
I crave your presence, you who understand
The comradeship of word, and look and smne;
The gentle talk and laughter, afterwhile,
And homeward walk across the wave-worn sand.
How will it be, I wonder, when „_e grand
Full mid-day glow of life has vanished, and
The sun's last rays fall coldly on the dial,
When Twilight comes?
Oh, that we two together still may stand;
Undone, perchance, the deeds we hoped and planned,
Tired and very old, yet missing naught
Of tenderness or olden word or thought.
God grar t that life may leave us hand in hand,
When twilight comes.
Theodzsia. Picke-ir.g Gzrriscr., in "Truth."
Bart; A Study from Life.
<BV <& AVIS 'PARKER.
"The iniquities of the fathers shall be visited upon their children
unto the tmrd aniUuurth generation."
BARTHOLOMEW ALLISON, or
"Bart," as we always knew him,
was a violinist. Fresh from the
conservatory, he had all the enthusiasm
of youth, and an ardent love for his pro-
fession, and with his exceptional talent
and pleasing ways we all predicted for
him a brilliant future. But there were
influences working much stronger than
his ambition or will power, for Bart
seemed to have all the weaknesses and
none of the business ability for which
the Allisons were noted.
His boyhood had been rather unhap-
py, his mother dying when he was a
mere child, and his stepmother being a
woman whose maternal affections scarce-
ly sufficed for her own offspring.
Alex. Allison, his father, when not
away from home on business or pleasure,
concerned himself very little about his
children, so that Bart was usually left to
his own devices. He was naturally a
care1ess, indolent sort of boy, passion-
ately fond of music and cordially hating
his studies at school. Most of his time
there was spent in stringing threads and
wires across the front of his desk, tuned
to different keys, or in constructing rude
musical instruments from all sorts of ma-
terial. His efforts in these directions re-
ceived no more encouragement here than
at home, and his treasures were often
confiscated and consigned to the teach-
er's desk.
His older brother, at last recognizing
his genius, gave him a musical educa-
tion, and it is from this period of his life
that this brief narrative dates.
Bart's success was almost phenomenal
at first. Engagements poured in upon
him, and scores of pupils listed to whom
he gave instruction. But here heredity
asserted itself, and soon were heard whis-
pers to the effect that his habits were not
of the best, and that he was often unac-
countably absent from concert or music-
ales. This could not go on for very
long, and it was less than a year when
we heard that he had been obliged to
obtain work in one of the large factories
in the town as an ordinary unskilled
laborer.
Poor Bart! whose nature was like a
dancing faun's, happy, irresponsible, with
rtever a thought for the morrow; how
could he tie himself to the drudgery of
workshop day after day?
How he chafed and fretted under this
restraint none but himself ever knew,
but he made no complaint and patiently
worked with the vowed intention of sav-
ing enough to go to Germany to com-
plete his studies. This announcement
was received with jeers and coarse jokes
by his unappreciative fellow-workmen,
but Bart paid little attention to them,
although at times his lips wore a pitying
smile and his great brown eyes would be
filled with longing as if he looked into
another world of which they had no ken.
Hardships did not prevent his yielding
to his weakness and often we were oblig-
ed to redeem his violin (which had been
pledged for a few dollars) to enable him
to play at some dance or theatrical per-
formance.
At this time Minnie Hansen, whom he
met at a cheap ball, became infatuated
with him, and good-hearted, unselfish
Bart considered it his duty to marry her.
Whatever her past had been, there could
be no question as to her being a faithful
and loving wife. Her regard for him
was simply adoration, and she bore the
burdens of poverty and wifehood without
a murmur of discontent. How he was
to support her he could not see, for when
single he was always in debt, but we
thought that perhaps responsibility
would awaken him to the gravity of the
situation. They took a flat in a quiet,
low-priced locality, when the children
came, and, with the help of friends, par-
tially furnished it, and then the struggle
for an existence became a harder reality.
Bart seemed sort of crushed or dazed,
and often we have seen him holding one
of the boys on his knee, looking wonder-
ingly at the child as if he hardly compre-
hended what it all meant.
His precious violin seemed his only
'BART; A STUDY FROM LIFE.
115
consolation, and he was often to be seen
at the window in the moonlight pouring
out the hunger and unrest of his nature
in improvisation. . Under that wonderful
touch the instrument would give out at
times rich, round organ tones, and at
others the softest notes of the flute. With
powerful sweeps of the bow he brought
before you the lofty Palisades, towering
skyward; you would hear the rush of
the mighty waters, or the wail of the
night wind in the shrouds and rigging of
ships. When the children were sleeping
he played with muted strings, and the
air would be vibrant with soft, pulsat-
ing melody, and you were, for the time,
in far-off Andalusia, watching the happy
peasantry lightly stepping through the
mazes of the moonlit harvest dance to
the sensuous notes of" the mandolin or
guitar. At times the tones were joyous
and laughing, but often er they would
glide into sorrowful surging minor, as if
a distraught soul must find voice, or die.
Then the music would cease and Bart
would sit unconscious of the presence of
those around him, absorbed in thought-
ful melancholy. His wife seemed to un-
derstand, and never disturbed the rev-
eries which often lasted far into the early
morning hours.
Things went from bad to worse, and
nothing but the watchful care of friends
or neighbors prevented actual want and
suffering. The fine old \iolin was sacri-
ficed and a cheap one was substituted.
Bart would be absent for days squander-
ing what little came in, broken in pride
and spirit — an power of resistance seem-
ingly gone. Yet after these debauches
his remorse was terrible to witness, and,
encouraged by his friends, he would try
to break from the thralls of appetite. It
seemed as if he were carrying the burden
of ancestral sins and found it too heavy
to bear.
Christmas was coming on, and his
wife, encouraged by his sobriety, which
had lasted for a longer period than usual,
had planned to give the children a little
holiday cheer. The neighbors had lent
a hand and a small tree was set up in the
rooms. 'Twas Christmas eve, and as she
came to kiss the boys good-night after
decorating the tree with the simple gifts
at her disposal, she found Bart coming
through the room, maudlin and reeling.
He had started for home perfectly sober,
but meeting with some dissolute com-
panions had again yielded. As his wife
stood looking at him reproachfully and
sorrowful, he started as if to throw his
arms about her, pitched heavily forward
and knocked the lamp from her hands.
It smashed in fragments upon the floor
and the room was ablaze in an instant.
Her screams brought help, and after a
fierce struggle the flames were extin-
guished, but not till the mother and little
ones were badly burned. With the best
of treatment and care their lives were
saved, but from that night Bart's mind
was a blank, with no possible chance of
recovery.
He was taken to the insane asylum
and the family cared for by his relatives.
His mania was of a mild type and was
shown by his apparent communion with
the old masters of music, and an expect-
ant, eager attitude, as if listening for
something that never came. His violin
was given him, but the old-time magic
of his bow was gone. His playing was
incoherent and colorless, like the work-
ing of his shattered mind.
Nearly a year had passed when a dis-
patch, bidding us come at once if we
wished to see Bart alive, brought us in a
few hours, to his bedside.
It was Christmas morning, cold and
clear; the bells ringing out the joyous
message of Peace on Earth, Good Will
to Men, but the happiness of laughing
children and merry sleighing parties
seemed to accentuate the sadness in
our own hearts. We knew when we en-
tered the room that the end was near.
Kneeling by him, convulsively sobbing,
was his wife. The children, mercifully
too young to fully realize, looked on
frightened and wonderingly.
While we waited Bart suddenly raised
his hand and whispered: "Hark! Don't
you hear it?" A smile of ineffable sweet-
ness lighted his face. With a long-drawn
sigh he closed his eyes.
"He is sleeping now," said one. And
we who loved him knew that he had
heard the divine strains of the Celestial
Orchestra, and his weary soul, free from
the bondage of flesh, had found eternal
rest.
The Indian "Arabian Nights."
<5y H. S. L YMAN.
A Series of Indian Stories and Legends, began in September, 1899-
IT WAS impossible to allow such an
outrage as that which had been per-
petrated upon the Tlah-Tsops by the
treacherous Cayuses to go unavenged.
Kobaiway, therefore, gathered a small
band of his bravest warriors and pro-
ceeded back swiftly to the land of the
foe, bent upon retaliation. The punish-
ment inflicted was terrible. The ap-
proach upon the village of the perfidi-
ous Cayuses was made at night. Before
morning all the houses were surrounded.
As, one by one, in the gray dawn, the
people rose up and came forth, unsus-
pecting, and ignorant of the fact that be-
hind every rock and tree lurked a Tlah-
Tsop, they were struck down 'by uner-
ring arrows.
Many had fallen before the alarm was
given. Then all the village broke in a
wild stampede for the hills. Some es-
caped the fury of the blood-intoxicated
foe, but many were slain, so that for a
time the tribe was all but exterminated.
And the way was open for the coast In-
dians to go up the river, where a trad-
ing post was established among the
Wascos.
The vengeance of the Tlah-Tsops,
cruel as it was, but bore evidence of
the morality of the tribe with whom the
principle of "an eye for an eye" and "a
tooth for a tooth" prevailed. There was
no other guaranty of protection than the
strong arm of the chief. The sanctity
of tribal agreement was held inviolable.
And Kobaiway, though he thus pun-
ished the perfidy of his foe, was not a
cruel man. He was a chief of whom it
is well to know more, since he was most
intimately connected with the beginning
of the commonwealth of Oregon.
It was well for those who first sought
this lonely shore that the great Tlah-
Tsop had extended his influence and
gained much wealth and power; that his
canoes had multiplied upon the river;
that his houses had been enlarged and
that he had taught his people many use-
ful things. For, when Lewis and Clark
came down the Columbia, worn and
weary from their long journey through
the wilderness, they found the Indians
on the south shore of the lower river,
friendly and helpful. They were given
cordial and dignified welcome and pro-
vided with all things needful.
All through the long rainy winter the
expedition rested in the land of the Tlah-
Tsops, in the comfortable house sur-
rounded by a stockade, on the sands
near where Fort Stevens now stands.
Kobaiway himself spent much time at
the stockade in the company of the ex-
plorers, and must have furnished much
of the information which went into their
account of the region, for they give the
names of many tribes, far to north and
south along the coast. They also give
the names of the shipmasters who, up
to that time, had visited the river. Na-
tive articles of food are named and de-
scribed in this report, together with a
considerable vocabulary of native words.
All of these things go to prove that Ko-
baiway and his people were intelligent
and reliable to a degree,
On the departure of the expedition in
the spring, a document was left in Ko-
baiway's hands for delivery to the sea
captain next entering the river, contain-
ing an account of the journey across the
continent, and attesting to the good
conduct and friendliness of the Tlah-
Tsop chief.
This trust Kobaiway faithfully exe-
cuted. He delivered the paper to a cap-
tain, who carried it East. Of the chief,
Lewis and Clark say:
"He performed his duties courageous-
ly, he nourished and protected his peo-
ple, and enforced habits of industry and
honesty, and befriended the whites."
THE INDIAN "cARABIAN 8NJGHTS. "
117
The Story of Celiast.
Celiast was the daughter of Kobaiway,
and she was born far back toward the
beginning of the century, and claimed
to remember perfectly the coming of the
first overland expedition. According to
her own story she was at this time old
enough to weave mats. Her life began
just at that period when the life and
history of her people were beginning to
be submerged in the vortex of human
affairs formed by the meeting of two
tides — the white immigration from the
region of the sunrise, and the commerce
that came up from the sea. The great
events of her childhood were all con-
nected with the white man. The com-
ing of Lewis and Clark, the ships that
sailed in across the bar, firing their sig-
nal guns to summon the Chinooks and
Tlah-Tsops to the barter, as they
dropped anchor in the safe harbor of the
mighty stream — these things left a last-
ing impress upon the mind of the lit-
tle Indian maid. The tragedy of the first
settlement at the mouth of the river was
enacted before her eyes, and she wit-
nessed the destruction of the ship in the
bay of Cly-Quot, far to the north.
Celiast had all the superstition of her
race, and a deep reverence and respect
for power. She married a white man
and accepted his religion, being bap-
tized and given the Christian name of
Helen. Her husband was a Frenchman,
a baker at the fort, a good enough fel-
low in his way, perhaps, but not with
any very strong convictions as to his re-
sponsibility as a father and a husband.
The marriage tie with a native woman
was not, in his view of the case, bind-
ing, and, finding it convenient to change
his place of residence in the course of
(To be Continued.)
time, he abandoned both wife and chil-
dren and went on his way without any
qualms of conscience.
Sad and dishonored, Celiast yet re-
membered that she was the daughter of
a chief. Her pride would not allow her
to return to her tribe after the manner
of wives who had proved faithless and
been sent back, according to the cus-
tom of the Tlah-Tsops. Neither would
she accept the life of degradation that
was open to her at the fur factory.
It was a hundred miles to Fort Van-
couver, where the governor of the white
people lived, but with her two little chil-
dren she made the journey and appealed
to him for advice. She reminded him
that she was the daughter of a great
chief who had ever been honorable in
his dealings with the whites; that she,
even as her father, had loved the white
man and the white man's God, that she
had accepted the sacrament of baptism
and of marriage according to the law
of the white man. She had ever been
dutiful as a wife, and without blame.
Now she could not return to her own
tribe without suspicion. If she remained
among the whites it must be as an out-
cast. Alone, forsaken, with neither tribe,
nor people, nor God, how was she to
live and rear her children?
The governor, at that time a compara-
tively young man, was touched by her
story. He permitted her to remain at
the fort as an honored guest, the com-
panion of his wife. And here Celiast
might have spent the rest of her life
contented, and even happy, but that fate
had far other things in store for her.
And since her story has to do with the
early history of this Western land, it wilt
be told at length and in detail in another
chapter.
War.
Black, smoky night at mid-day came;
The shotted guns poured forth their lead,
And falling roof and wreathing flame,
Enwrapped the dying and the dead.
Heedless alike of flame and shot —
Striving among the first to be,
The thinned ranks cheer, but waver- not;
No thought save death or victory.
The dead lie neath the bloody sod;
And breaking hearts at home have cried
In anguish to the Son of God,
"Hads't Thou been here, they had not died.""
But from Mount Calvary fell a star,
A glittering pathway in its wake,
To show the only living are
Those who have died for mankind's sake~
cAdonen.
Tangle-Foot Tales from Potlatch Cabin.
<By HERBERT V. "PERRY.
THE thunder rolled from mountain-
side to mountain-side, and the
rain dashed down on the shakes
over our heads, like pebbles.
But what cared we? The flames
climbed high up the chimney, and the
dry brush crackled gleefully as each arm-
ful was thrown in the great fireplace that
formed the end of our cabin.
In the frying-pan, on a bed of coals,
raked to one side on the hearth, long
rashers of bacon sputtered and sent forth
their savory odor, whetting our already
keen appetites.
The coffee had boiled over for the sec-
ond time, and Hardy pronounced it
done, so we drew ourselves up to the
table, and were just about to commence
when, over the din of the warring ele-
ments, came a loud knocking at the
door.
"Come in!" we shouted, and without
further ceremony the door was pushed
open, and in walked three dripping fig-
ures.
"Darn me, if it isn't the doctor!" cried
Hardy.
"And here's Bob and Gilbert!" cried
I, as the figures came forward to where
the firelight fell upon them. "How did
you find us?"
"Why. we saw a light through the
trees, and 'any port in a storm.' we made
for it." answered the doctor; "and it's a
pleasant surprise to us, boys, to find you;
we never dreamed you were out here."
While they were unstranping their
baskets, and piling their rods up in the
corner, we explained to them how we
had fitted up this cabin where we could
enjoy our outings "with all the com-
forts of home."
Their wet coats were hung near the
fire to dry, and then we all sat about the
table, and, with a tin cup of steaming
black coffee before each of us, and the
rashers of bacon on a tin platter, and a
plentiful supply of thick slices of bread
and butter, all recent discomforts were
soon forgotten.
After the meal was finished, and pipes
lighted, we cleared away the table, and
spread a blanket over it, and then I
brought out an old deck of cards, and
proposed a game of whist, saying that I
would keep the fire up while the others
played.
"You go ahead and play," said Gil-
bert, moving back from the table and
taking a seat by the fireplace; "I never
touch cards."
And he sat looking pensively into the
embers as though some unpleasant recol-
lection was passing through his mind.
We knew by the look that there was
a story brewing, and after we were seated
we asked for it, declaring that we could
play and listen too.
"It's not much of a story, boys," said
he, slowly, as he turned and leaned his
back to the wall. He refilled his pipe,
scratched half a dozen matches, puffed
vigorously a few times, and began. "It's
not much of a story, simply a little expe-
rience of mine, but one that I shall never
forget. It happened about ten vears
ago. I w?s then shipping- clerk for a
mercantile house, on a moderate salary,
and had been with the firm for several
vears. Knowing that I was inclined to
be something of a spendthrift, I always
took mv check home upon receiving it,
and handed it over to my wife, thus mak-
ing- her the financial head of the estab-
lishment, and I was highly gratified to
know that she managed so well that we
were enabled to live in comparative ease
and comfort. Well, the day before
Christmas at the breakfast table my wife
said to me, 'Gilbert, I've got a surprise
for you!' And she ran away from the
table to get what I supposed would be
a new necktie, a box of handkerchiefs, or
something of that sort, so I sat smiling,
waiting for her to return. Imagine my
surprise when she came back and threw
^.TANGLE-FOOT TALES FROM TOTLATCH CABIN.
119
down in front of me a bank book, which,
upon opening, showed that she had de-
posited with the Savings and Loan As-
sociation just an even five hundred dol-
lars, which she had saved in small
amounts, by her good management, from
my salary!
" 'Now, Gilbert/ said she, 'I don't
want you to think me foolish, but I have
a great desire to see this money in gold,
and to hold it in my hands, so that I
will really know that it is ours, and to
know that those black figures on this
book that I have watched increase little
by little, each month, really represent
shining gold; so I am going to give you
the book, and ask you to come by the
bank and bring the money home with
you.'
"Still a little dazed at this unexpected
good fortune, I put the book in my
pocket, kissed my wife and little girl
good-bye and hurried down the street.
At lunch hour I went into the bank,
drew the money, dropped it in a canvas
bag, rolled it up and put it in my hip-
pocket.
"It being Saturday, our firm closed at
2 o'clock, and I started for home. I had
not gone far before I met an old friend,
a traveling man whom I had not seen
for years. We were walking down the
street talking over.old times, and he pro-
posed that we go some place and have a
'smile.' I was not in the habit of drink-
ing, but I thought 'Christmas comes but
once a vear,' so I consented.
"Well, you know how it is, boys. One
drink led to another, and friend after
friend joined us until we were all feeling
pretty good. After a while some one
proposed a game of whist, and we retired
to a little back room, where, through
an easy transition, the game of whist
was changed into a little game of 'draw,'
and I found myself seated at the table
with five dollars' worth of checks before
me.
"[ knew very little about the game,
but, like all beginners, I started off lucky,
winning several dollars in the first 'pot.'
Thus elated, I ordered a round of drinks.
Another 'pot' was won, and another
round of drinks ordered, and so on until
the table, 'cards, men, chairs and room
were in one wild whirl! One more
drink, and then all was blank to me.
"When I roused up the game was still
going on, but the players' faces seemed
to have changed, and everything seemed
unreal and strange to me. 'Well, what
are you going to do with that bet?'
gruffly asked a dark, sharp-featured man,
who sat across the table from me, and
whom I could not remember having seen
before; then I looked at the bet, which
was a bright twenty-dollar piece tossed
in the center of the table. In a bewil-
dered manner I picked up my cards and
looked them over slowly, and then again
more carefully. A tremor of excitement
ran through my sluggish and clouded
brain ! There could be no mistake about
it; I had picked up something, and I
mentally counted, one, two, three, four
aces! My heart almost leaped into my
mouth, and, trying hard to appear un-
concerned, I nervously counted and
stacked up twenty dollars' worth of
checks, and then another twenty, and
shoved them all into the center of the
table. T call you, and raise you twenty,'
I cried.
"The stranger looked sharply at me
for a few seconds, and then his hand
slid into his inside coat pocket, and he
drew out a roll of bills, and, wetting the
tips of his fingers with his tongue, he
counted out ten crisp ten-dollar bills, and
threw them, together with another shin-
in g twenty-dollar gold piece, onto the
pile of checks, saying coldly, T raise you
a hundred.'
"This staggered me for a moment, for
about all my checks were in the center.
Suddenlv I thought of the money in my
pocket, the five hundred dollars! There
was no time to hesitate; this was the
chance of a lifetime! And, trembling
with excitement, I drew out the canvas
bag" and emptied the contents upon the
table, a shining heap of gold!
"T raise you four hundred!' I cried.
Then with mv heart thumping like a
steam hammer, I saw him slowly count
out the bills and toss them on the table,
saying quietly as he did so, T call vou;
what have you got?' Triumphantly I
spread my hand out upon the table, and
said, 'Four aces.' 'No good,' said he;
'I've got a straight diamond flush, from
the five to the nine!' And then he re-
120
THE ^PACIFIC ^MONTHLY.
marked cynically, as his spider-like arms
reached forth and the long, white fingers
raked away the gold, 'Why don't you
stay out, young man, until you get some-
thing?'
"Speechless, and with my eyes almost
starting from my head, I watched him
until I saw the last piece of gold disap-
pear in his capacious pockets, and then,
crazed with despair, I sprang to my feet,
clenched my fists and lunged at him a
terrific blow!
"I indistinctly remember hearing some
one "say, 'Keep quiet, old man; lie down
for a while and then you'll be all right!'
And then I floated off into an uncon-
scious state. When I roused up my
head was throbbing, and my throat was
parched and burning. I threw off a wet
towel that was on my head, and stag-
gered to my feet.
" 'Going home?' some one asked; 'give
him his hat, Summers; he'll be all right
when he gets out in the fresh air.' Some
one placed my hat on my head, and I
reeled out. As the door closed behind
me I heard a general laugh, and the re-
mark, 'He's got a terrible load on.' When
I reached the street the chill December
wind revived and sobered me somewhat,
and the sense of shame and remorse at
what I had done well nigh overcame me.
"Mechanically I turned my footsteps
homeward, and it was not until the light
streaming out of the little parlor window
fell before me that I halted. Then the
enormity of my sin came upon me, and
I sat down on the curb of the sidewalk;
crushed and miserable, and pondered
upon what course to pursue. Suicide
flashed across my mind, but I rejected
that as cowardly; then I madly thought
of writing a note to my wife, explaining
all, and telling- her that until I had re-
deemed mvself, I could not face her; this
I would slip under the door, and then T
would leave the citv, leave the country,
and never rest until I had replaced the
money; but upon more careful consid-
eration this plan appeared altogether un-
feasible and senseless, for how was mv
family to exist while I was awav. and
again, what was the use of running awav
when I alreadv had a position wMch
would by careful economy replace the
lost money?
"No, there was nothing left for me to
do but to face the music, and my knees
knocked beneath me at the thought of
it. Twice I started for the door, and
twice my courage failed me.
" T will just look in and see what they
are doing,' thought I, and I crept cau-
tiously around to the window, where I
could look in through the half-open
blind.
"There sat my wife with her head in
her hands, holding a handkerchief to her
eyes. A Christmas tree stood in the cor-
ner of the room, gaily festooned with
long strings of colored popcorn and tin-
sel. Little colored candles had been
placed at the tip of every branch, but
they had all burned down to the tin
sockets that held them, and the lights
had all been extinguished. On the floor,
with her doll in her arms, was my little
girl, fast asleep. I knew that she had
fallen asleep there, waiting for her
'Daddy,' as she called me, to come home.
"How I hated myself! The tears
came to my eyes, and rolled down my
cheeks; I reached in my coat pocket for
my handkerchief; it was not there, so I
put my hand back into my hip-pocket,
and — instead of the handkerchief. I
pulled out the bag of. money! Then the
truth dawned upon me. I had fallen
asleep at the table and dreamed that I
lost it!
"I will not go into family affairs by
telling you how I squared myself for be-
ing out so late; but, from that day to
this, I have never touched a card."
Long before Gilbert had finished, the
cards had dropped from our hands, and
now that he was through, nobody picked
them up again.
The silence which had fallen over us
was broken by Bob.
"That reminds me." he began, "of the
winter I was in Bodie — "
"I think, Bob," said the doctor, rising
to his feet and yawning, "thatvou had
better postpone your yarn until tomor-
row night; if we all get up at A o'clock
in the morning, we had better be turn-
ing in."
The Black Cat.
"By cADONEN.
*/|'M not encouraging him, uncle; he
is fond of music and cats;, so am
I. Then, I wish to learn more of
his theory of 'Self-disposition of the
soul.' That is all his visits mean."
And my pretty niece, whose confidant
I had been since she could speak,
blushed rather guiltily, as she tried to
explain the very frequent calls of Senor
Allevlo, the young Cuban who rented a
cottage on the beach near ours. I could
not think she cared for this strange,
moody man. Yet, when far into the
night I heard the wild, tender notes of
his violin, I listened entranced, and,
while the music lasted, felt that any wo-
man might love him; but when he sat
reading his parchment-covered books,
written in some strange wizard lan-
guage, his large, black cat purring on
his shoulder, I did not like him at all.
When Ralph Fernleigh came to the
beach to recuperate the strength he had
used too lavishly as a war correspond-
ent, his brilliant gifts soon made him a
hero among the girls who were heart-
weary of the monotonous small talk of
society men. As the weeks glided by, I
saw that my fears in regard to the Cuban
were needless, and I knew that the
almost adoring love Meda gave to Fern-
leigh was returned.
The child still shared her joys and
sorrows with me, and the only sample
of the latter was Senor Allevlo's hag-
gard, shrunken face. She keenly felt the
injustice she had done him, in accept-
ing his attentions in mere girlish van-
ity. Her betrothed laughed at her re-
morse, and declared he had no patience
with a fellow who stayed mooning
around after he had been rejected. So
my girl said little to him of Allevlo; but
one day she came to me in tears, saying:
"Oh, uncle, he has been telling me if I
marry Ralph, I am his (Allevlo's) mur-
derer. He pleaded so for life — only that
— if I never spoke to him. His poor
friend, the black cat, clung to me with
eyes of terror, as if asking mercy for its
wretched master. What could I say? It
was impossible to make the promise he
asked, and he rushed from the house,
huddling the cat grotesquely in his
arms."
But grief for a discarded suitor is sel-
dom deep enough to be serious. That
night I watched Meda's happy face,
when, standing at the gate, she pinned
a bunch of apple blossoms on her lov-
er's coat. He bade her a lingering fare-
well, and went swinging down the road-
way.
It was still early, and several persons
stopped as the Cuban sprang from the
shadow of a cottage, and, gesticulating
excitedly, placed himself directly in
Ralph's path. As the men grew more
vehement in their conversation, a crowd
began to gather. And I saw a knife
flash in the moonlight and descend
again and again. There was a sound of
many voices, then some one called out:
"Send for an officer; Fernleigh is mur-
dered!"
We carried Meda into her room. And
when Ralph's body was borne to his
home for burial, she was mercifully un-
conscious. During the long months that
legal ability exhausted every means to
save the life of the murderer, she lay
tossing in delirium.
It was not until Allevlo had received
his sentence of death, and my niece was
on the road to recovery, that I ventured
to make the trip to Europe which my
business demanded. Moving from place
to place, it was some time before I re-
ceived my American letters; among
them were two from home. A long one
from Meda, and one from her mother, of
which I only read the first line; it told
me that my girl was dead and buried.
I laid it aside and opened the one
written by the little hand that would
write no more forever. She began:
"Dear Uncle — I am writing to you on
the first day I am to sit up all day. I
122
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
am watching the autumn hail and rain
as it dashes against the window. Spite
of myself, I am noticing the large num-
ber of strangers in the place today, and
that they all seem to be going in one
direction; and my thoughts will follow
them, and shudderingly picture the
gruesome scene in the jail yard. For
Senor Allevlo dies today.
"This last week of his life he has tor-
tured me with appeals for an interview!
Oh, the horror of the thought of ever
again looking into his terrible eyes!
"This morning I found a note from
him on my table; I know not when it
was put there, but it was wild and inco-
herent. He said he had lost his soul,
and accepted a perishable body in its
place that he might not leave me. I do
not understand it, unless he has some
means of escape. But hark! even as
I write, the bell that proclaims that Cos-
tello Allevlo is no more, is clogging
the air with its muffled tolling.
"Dear Old Uncle — I meant to have
mailed this weeks ago, but I have wait-
ed, waited, because I have a strange
horror that I can confide to no one but
you, and I wanted to be sure, or you
will think I am insane.
"Of all . the comforters that might
come to me, you would never guess the
one that now lies purring in my lap. It
is the cat — Allevlo's black cat!
"It came to my door in the bitter
storm, the night of his execution, and,
though it brought memories almost too
sad, yet something in its despair and
loneliness reminded me of myself.
"I took the shivering creature in, and
it has repaid me with the most touching
devotion. It refuses food unless given
from my hand, and simply will not be
separated from me. I suppose it is be-
cause I am weak and nervous that I see
in it a horrible, ever-stronger resem-
blance to one of whom I shudder to
think.
"I know my mother fears for my rea-
son, and if she knew the belief that is
every day growing in my mind, she
would think me mad indeed. They be-
lieve I am afflicted with melancholy,
but, uncle, it is dread, an unnamable
dread.
"A week has passed since I laid aside
the pen with which I was writing to you,
my faithful friend. I now take it up for
the last time, and write, every nerve
quivering with horror, of the most un-
natural and awful punishment ever vis-
ited upon a human being. The black
cat has dominated my life, my thoughts;
when I tried to read something that my
dear, dead boy had written, the animal
would so constantly interrupt me, that
I tried to drive it away. I had tried
before, and, as usual, it scuttled behind
the furniture, growling hideously. I re-
turned to the box in which I keep the
mementoes of my life's greatest happi-
ness, its greatest sorrow. As I gazed
on the withered apple blooms that Ralph
wore in his coat that night, and pressed
them to my aching heart, with a wild,
unearthly scream, the cat sprang upon
me and tore them from my hand.
"Uncle, I know Allevlo at last. I
shall write no more, for at my feet
crouches and gibbers that horrible
thing. When I shall look into Allevlo's
terrible eyes, glaring from the triumph-.
ant face of the black cat, I know I
must "
The letter ended abruptly. I read her
mother's story of her death, which told
of the deep melancholia that seemed to
seize upon her from the day of the exe-
cution of her betrothed's murderer, and
grow more hopeless every day. Her
mania had taken the form of a strange
dread of the black cat. "Though,"
wrote my sister, "the little animal was
quite harmless, and so devoted to Meda
that, on leaving her room just after she
had ceased to breathe, I stumbled over
the dead body of the cat."
Three Loves.
O springtime love, that died as violets die!
O summer love, that fell as rose leaves fall!
This late autumnal passion budding nigh —
Say, will it last till snowflakes cover all?
Florence May Wright*
When future ages come to estimate
the influence of the nineteenth century
upon the world they will take into ac-
count not so much the material prog-
ress, we believe, as the development of
the humanitarian, the unselfish, side of
men's natures. If the world is to make
any real progress the point of view then
must be radically different from what it
is today. Now we are given largely to
the consideration of the achievements
of man's hands: Nobility of manhood
in a generic sense can receive very little
attention at the present time. It is the
amount of wheat that we raise and ex-
port, the increased tonnage of our ships,
the production of iron and steel, the ad-
vances in scientific lines that, from the
nature of the case, must enlist our in-
terest and fill the pages of our period-
icals. It could hardly be otherwise when
such tremendous progress in the mate-
rial and scientific world has character-
ized this centurv. Yet the standpoint
that we take todav is no less erroneous.
And our boasted progress, when we
make it supreme over all else, cannot
but aopear pathetic in the light of the
future.
* * *
Yet it is undeniably true that there has
been during this century a steady,
marked development of man as man;
of his ideals and aspirations — a sup-
pression of the selfish side of his nature
and an elevation of his higher senti-
ments. We have but to look about us
to find abundant evidence of these facts.
But, strange and contradictory as it mav
appear, the closing year of the nineteenth
centurv forces us to ask. Is man vet
a civilized brute with a veneer of culture
and refinernent and the instincts of the
savage? The spectacle that is beinp- pre-
sented to the world in South Africa
seems to answer, "Yes." That the Ener-
lish nation, the representatives of the
highest civilization and culture in the
world todav, should undertake a war
upon such a flimsy pretext as that which
is bringing about the present slaughter
of men in South Africa; that in this
seemingly enlightened age the leaders
of a nation should commit the awful
crime of egging on the people to war
for war's sake and for personal aggran-
dizement; and that a nation, when the
sentiments of its best men acknowledge
that it is wrong in its contentions, should
pursue a war to the bitter end simply
because the war has been undertaken —
these to take place in the closing year
of the nineteenth century! It was not
to have been believed! Shall we men-
tion "material progress" in the face of
these facts? "Material progress" When
the hordes of a mighty nation are sweep-
ing down upon a valiant band of sturdy
farmers who have arrayed themselves on
the side of right against might! "Mate-
rial progress" when the great English na-
tion has collected its armies for legal
murder! Certainlv there can be no jus-
tification for England from the stand-
point of right — no justification for her
when we look at it dispassionatelv as
men moved by the highest motives. The
war in South Africa is a step backward,
as uniustifiable. as criminal a step as
ever blurred the bloody pages of his-
torv. Sadlv must we confess that in the
last year of the nineteenth century men
and nations have been "weighed in the
balance and found wanting."
* * *
Although Chicago has spent over
$33,000,000 on her drainage canal, it re-
mains to be seen whether the question of
a pure water supply for the city, which
fhe canal was supposed to solve, has
been satisfactorilv settled. That the im-
mediate vicinitv of Lake Michigan, from
which the citv fets its supplv, will be
preatlv im-nroved by the turninsf of the
drainap-^ into the Illinois river and
thence into the Mississioni there can be
no doubt: but whether this was the best
solution of the difficulty is questionable.
124
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
St. Louis, which gets its supply from the
Mississippi, thinks not, and will protest
against the opening of the canal. Other
cities, similarly affected by the change,
will also protest, and these are only a
few of the objections which have been
recently made to the project. It seems
strange that these things were not dis-
cussed and settled before the beginning
of such a huge enterprise, and now that
a vast amount of money has been spent
upon the undertaking, it at least deserves
a fair trial. The question of a pure
water supply, with which every munici-
pality must struggle, is settled so unsat-
isfactorily in the majority of cases that
a disproportionate death rate and a large
percentage of sickness must result.
Portland, Oregon, furnishes a very good
example of a contrast between the health
of a city while being supplied with river
water into which the drainage of several
towns has been poured, and the change
which absolutely pure water will pro-
duce. Several years ago Portland was
being supplied directly from the Wil-
lamette river, and. while the city was
not particularly unhealthy, the possibil-
ity of securing a perfect water supply
from the clear and sparkling- Bull Run
river near its source at the foot of
Mount Hood was taken advantage of,
and todav Portland has as nearlv a per-
fect waW supplv as anv citv in the
world. Thp rpcnlt of the rhan"-e was al-
most immpdiatelv apmrent. Instead of
beinp- neither one thing Vnr the other
Portland became one of the healthiest
cities in the country. The health of the
city is gradually improving, and no one
begrudges the amount of money—
$3:ooo,ooo — which was spent to attain
this end. The experience of Portland
is one that other cities might do well to
heed. Of course, there are cities so sit-
uated that it is impossible for them to
secure a pure water supply, but there is
a far greater number that rests seem-
ingly content with water that breeds dis-
ease, because of corruption in politics
and the consequent inertia on the part of
men who should attend to this most im-
portant municipal problem.
Nothing is impossible to the man who,
recognizing his kinship with God, works
with a definite purpose toward a definite
end, and refuses to admit the possibility
of ultimate failure. Absolute faith in
himself, in his object and in his ability
to accomplish the thing he has set out
to do, this is the best religion a man
can have. For the man who believes in
himself must believe also in the God
who made him and in the Divine har-
mony that was established between the
Creator and the created in the beginning
of time. To say, "I will succeed if — " is a
confession of one's own weakness and in-
efficiency. To silently vow, "I will suc-
ceed though all the world rise up to
block my way" is a virtual acknowledg-
ment of the fact that man is one with the
force that moves the universe.
* * *
The prospect of complications in the
South African war becomes more prob-
able as time goes on. Should the Boers
be successful at Ladysmith and succeed
in preventing the advance of Lord Rob-
erts the sympathy of the world, which is
already with them, will be more marked
than ever. The Delagoa bay incident
has had a bad effect upon Germany, the
only country which has shown any lean-
ing towards the British cause. England
is isolated. She is without a friend, an
ally in any part of the world. The near-
est approach to such is the United
States, and, among a thousand causes
for resentment, the only debt of grati-
tude which this country owes to Eng-
land comes from the stand that the latter
took at the beginning of the war with
Spain. Because of this, however, the
United States should not undertake to
cast aside its traditional policy of no
"entangling foreign alliances." At the
same time we cannot stand idly by,
should complications arise, and" see
England, our mother country, set
upon by all Europe as by a
pack of hounds bent upon her
destruction. "Blood is thicker than
water." Unfortunately we are so situ-
ated that we must stand by, see that
there is fair play, and let them fight it
out.
OUR 'POINT OF VIEW. 125
The stories by Professor Horace S. clear that those were days of daring, of
Lyman, which have been appearing as a romance, of thrilling adventure. They
series in the Pacific Monthly under the were heroes who laid the foundations of
title of "The Indian Arabian Nights," these Western commonwealths, and the
possess a distinct historical value. Dat- barest detail in the life of a hero is never
ing from this number, they will deal in- without a certain interest. Professor
timately and accurately with the early Lyman, in gathering the material for
settlement of the country that was orig- these stories, has neglected no oppor-
inally Oregon. We are not yet far tunity to make them reliable as well as
enough removed from those days to get entertaining. He has preserved the ro-
a good perspective, perhaps, but even to mantic element without detriment to
the dullest of comprehension it must be facts.
Memaloose.
The wooded points through which the river
widens
Stand on the east, and on the west the waters
Of the ocean curl in breakers o'er the bar.
The Lay lies spread between, white-crested,
broad
When the tide is full, but when the tide is low
A ribbon of blue in flats of rippled sand.
And on the north a yellow sandbank lies,
And grassy meadows shut in by the hills.
Above the line of drift that strews the shore,
Back from the bay, is the Indian burial place.
Long, long forgotten are the moss-grown
graves,
Sunken in brush and fern on the wind-swept
knolls,
Unnamed they are, but not unmarked, for see
The pottery that gleams among the weeds,.
And here a musket, fallen apart with rust,
The weapon of a warrior who long since
Departed for the happy hunting-grounds.
Long dead they lie, and long forgot, and dying
Are the remnants of their race, the wild, free
race
•Whose freedom is its breath. Hemmed in by
bounds,
The race whose rights were boundless, whose
proud hearts
Brook not the white man's limits, whose hard
flesh
Knows not the white man's ways, unyield-
ing they die.
No more for them the hunt, the feather dance,
The light canoe soft gliding on the bay.
They are going, all the Indian braves, they
fade
Away likethe dawn's first red before the sun.
The race is passing, yet while time shall last
The spirits of the Indian dead will wail
In winter winds, chanting a savage hymn
Above the tempest's wrath.
'By L&ura. filler.
WHAT ARE WE HERE FOR?
Article IV.
The "minister" asks the question.
Monroe answers, "Would you condemn
his (man's) interest in the day's pleasures
and put this awful, unanswerable outcry
of the great human heart upon his lips?"
It is not wise to avoid meeting this
question. It comes to all thinking minds.
To those minds it allows no place until
it is answered. If put aside it returns.
How early in life it presents itself, and
how early is born the craving for a sat-
isfying answer!
To him who is firm in the belief in a
future life the answer is, "To prepare."
To him who, like Monroe, has a God, the
answer is, "Trust the God who created
you." But what is the answer to him
who believes that he is here — the result
of nature and evolution whose beginning
he knows not — for a certain period of
time, after which he will resolve into the
elements? For him the question presses
with even less mercy, since this is his
sole opportunity for enjoyment (the name
given to all good by the moral conscious-
ness of man.
He reasons: "This world could be
made a happy abode did all men en-
deavor to that end. Where is the fault?
Man endeavors — not men. "In unity
there is strength." There must be "team
work." Will this ever be? Perhaps not.
Then why not give up? Why sacrifice
all the opportunities for enjoyment and
rest, to labor unceasingly for something
that will not bear fruit in my age? When
I am gone who will thank me or long
remember what I did?
My reward for doing a thing is in my-
self. Long ago I learned that he who
would stand long must stand alone.
What, then, if I turn to myself for my
reward and meet with only weariness?
Though no man shall recognize me
yet will I stand as a laborer for a better
state. I will be of use! I will compel
my inward devil to keep the peace by
crowding our silent conversation with
plans of work until he will find no chance
to speak to me. If I must I will turn all
my energies, all my powers, to my broth-
er's cause.
Brother! There lies the explanation
of all good — the remedy for all ill ! And
when I grow too weary to stand it longer
I will remember that I am only one of
many; that sympathy, born of like suf-
fering, exists between, among us.
I will live as long as I can and work
— work unceasingly.
The world is made up of individuals.
I must study my case, not ours. Not
"what are we here for?" but "what am I
here for?" The answer, "To help my
brothers." By helping my brothers T
help myself.
Loris Melikoff Johnson.
* * #
"God made all men to be happy. If you
are unhappy, it is your own fault.
"We are further away from God when we
cannot perceive him in our fellow-beings."
It is not the troubles of today, but those
of tomorrow, and next week, and next year,
that whiten our heads and wrinkle our faces.
It will help us to accomplish great feats
and win great victories, to remember that all
we have to do is to take our duties as they
come and perform them faithfully.
* * *
Brooding over trouble is like surrounding
oneself with a fog; it magnifies all the ob-
jects seen through it. Occupation of the
mind prevents this.
* * *
"Every day is a little life, and our whole
life is but a day repeated. Those, therefore,
that dare lose a day are dangerously prodi-
gal; those that dare mis-spend it are desper-
ate."
* * *
It is character that rules in nations, as in
individuals. Only in loyalty to the old can
we serve the new; only in understanding of
the past can we interpret and use the pres-
ent; for history is not made, but unfolded,
and the Old World is ever present in the
New — Benj. Ide Wheeler.
MEN AND WOMEN.
127
BEAUTY IN MEN.
The one great advantage women have
over men is in the wearing of their hair
long, which, by means of its abundance
— or forged abundance— can be so ar-
ranged as to modify defects or enhance
good features to a very marked degree.
Short hair, as a rule, is aesthetically a
merciless sort of adornment for the head.
It shows off a fine contour, and stands
for comfort, convenience and cleanliness,
but nothing more. But in other ways
there are various reasons why men have
more beauty than women; they are
healthier, their bodies are more natural,
less distorted by what they wear; they
dress better, and — heaven save the mark
— they are cleaner! Like the Greeks,
they are more devoted to Hygeia, and
they change their linen oftener. As so
little of the human body in these civilized
times is exposed to view, it goes without
saying that clothes cut a great figure in
this modern world of ours.
To assert that men dress better than
women is probably to most persons a
very unorthodox claim. Their dress is
more rational, more in harmony with the
outlines of the body, and more in abey-
ance to its importance and needs. When
a man is dressed we never lose sight of
the fact that his body is more than his
dress, while the woman dresses as if she
held her body to be a form upon which
to display dry goods and the milliner's
art, and her head a roost for murdered
birds and stores of curios purloined from
all the kingdoms of the earth. When
women look best in the street they have
gone to man for their clothes — his plain
felt hat, his coat and vest, his haber-
dashery, and often his footwear — the
boy's walking shoe, with its low, broad
heel, broad, projecting sole and general
look of snugness and comfort. Men's
feet are always better dressed than wo-
men's, because, for one thing, they are
more in evidence, and they are far less
distorted in shape because their shoes
more nearly conform to the natural
shape of the foot.
The tailor, it is true, often builds up
his man, but it is in the direction of sym-
metry, of good proportion; while the
dressmaker, as a rule, hasn't an eyelash
for anything more than fashion, which,
to her mind, is "style," and nothing is
too hideous, too inartistic, to be worn if
it only be "fashionable."
If men decorated themselves more
than women, it would be but following
nature, who bestows everywhere upon
males in the animal kingdom her splen-
dors in the way of fuss and feathers, and
it is only within the past four or five cen-
turies that women have appropriated
what may be termed ornamental dress.
No dress ever worn by women has
had so captivating an effect upon men
as has the military costume upon women.
Army officers in full uniform, or men in
court dress or gorgeous diplomatic or
ceremonial attire far surpass in dignity
and effectiveness the ceremonial "crea-
tions" of women. In the former the
dress supplements the wearer and his
rank, and is charged with his personal-
ity, which dominates it and gives to it its
supreme interest; in the latter the wear-
ers are swallowed up in their clothes. Of
course, there are exceptions, and they
shine out in their simplicity like a star}
as does Athens in the history of art, se-
rene and clear in the light of its own
superior beauty.
While the good looks of men are more
frank and genuine than those of women,
they are also of better keeping quality,
so that beautiful old men are far more
common than beautiful old women. Wo-
men's faces are chopped up into petty
wrinkles, while men's are distinguished
by larger and more characterful lines.
Men eat more, digest their food better,
are better nourished, and often have a
spring in their step, a brightness in their
glance, and a ruddiness of countenance
that can be matched by but few women
of their years. We see such men every
day. All in all, it is undoubtedly true
that while the comparative beauty of
women has been as much overrated as
that of men undervalued, a fair acknowl-
edgment of the claims of each would
be a readjustment of endowment that
would operate to the advantage of both.
— Mary Wager-Fisher, in December
Woman's Home Companion.
DOMESTIC SCIENCE.
In the majority of homes many of the
problems of domestic science are still to
be solved. We have the raw materials
at hand to work upon, but we lack knowl-
edge, not ability or brains.
It cannot be denied that the home is
the fountain-head from which emanates
society, and that food and the preparing
of food are the means by which our great
social engine is supplied with energy.
Food retards or advances the work of
mind and body; which in turn retards or
advances all progress. Is it a wonder,
then, that so much stress is laid upon
the proper kind of food and the scientific
preparation thereof?
When we think of the innumerable dis-
eases which, as a result of poorly cooked
food, afflict humanity; when we think of
the number of drunkards who seek to
obtain from liquor that which they should
have obtained from their food, had the
nutritive value not been destroyed by a
well-meaning but untutored cook; who
will say there is no need of reform?
Fortunately, women are beginning to
think, and think with good results. They
see about them schools and colleges for
the education of men and women along
nearly all lines. The physician, the law-
yer, the musician, the minister — each
studies for his particular calling. But
should the home, which is woman's par-
ticular sphere, be neglected? Should
the home-maker be expected to learn
from instinct what it has taken years of
practical experience and study to accom-
plish? The time is here when a school
for the education of women in household
science should be established; a school
where practical instruction will be given;
where will be taught the nutritive values
of food ; the proper preparation and com7
bination of the different food materials,
so the elements of nutrition may not be
converted into indigestible food. Such
a school it is to be hoped will emanate
from the generous gifts of our rich and
thoughtful men and women.
In many of the Eastern cities we find
such instruction a part of the public
school system. Cooking, sewing and
other household work is compulsory for
girl pupils in the seventh and eighth
grades. We also find in the poorer dis-
tricts of the cities mission classes, where
work is done in reforming the home,
through the children, a work secondary
only to the preaching of the gospel.
Miss Suzy Tracy.
* * *
EXERCISE IN THE HOME.
Just why young and growing girls
might not acquire the exercise necessary
to their physical development in the dis-
charge of those domestic duties which
require a certain amount of muscular
exertion instead of in the gymnasium, is
a question that has long perplexed me.
Why is it not possible to obtain as
much beneficial exercise in the sweeping
of a room, as in the handling of dumb-
bells or swinging of Indian clubs? Why
may not as much symmetry and grace of
form be developed from the muscular
exercise that- goes to the cleaning of a
window or the scrubbing of a floor, as
from 'Swedish gymnastics? Who shall
deny that the principles of Delsarte can
be applied to the washing of the china,
or the dusting of the furniture?
I know these household labors are
looked upon as drudgery — but why?
Drudgery, after all, is not constituted by
the act itself, but by the spirit in which
it is performed, and any unwilling service
must of necessity be so regarded by the
unfortunate laborer. On the other hand,
who among you cannot recall some
humblest task, so lovingly and graceful-
ly executed that it was lifted out of the
realm of the commonplace and became
a glorious thing — a thing that inspired
you with a longing to do it also?^ But
could you do it as well? Perhaps, if you
knew the secret. It is this : Idealize the
thing you do, if it is only the washing of
a cup^ or the scouring of a pan. The
cup may be plain delf, and the pan only
THE HOME.
129
common tin, but if you handle it as you
should, you can so charm the beholder
that he will be ready to swear it is Sevres
or silver.
The keeping of a house is a profes-
sion, the one profession in the practice of
which a woman's best happiness lies.
She may do other things, and do them
well; but she will always have an un-
derlying consciousness that she could
have done this better, and been happier
in the doing. Why, then, should our
daughters be taught and trained to ev-
erything else under the sun and left in
semi-ignorance of the great essential to
human comfort? Housework, properly
performed, is the most healthful exercise
a girl can have. Every muscle is brought
into play. The circulation is quickened,
the bust is developed, the limbs symmet-
rically rounded and the body given sup-
pleness and grace, at the same time that
the pupil is being fitted for an avocation.
In short, the same end, with something
of incalculable value added, is attained
that is reached by a course in physical
training in some gymnasium or by a
series of lessons in Delsarte. There is a
certain joy born of the consciousness of
doing a thing well. Teach a girl to sweep
a floor with as much grace and skill as
she dances a cotillion, and she will en-
joy it almost if not quite as well. Show
her how to make a bed without violating
a rule of art in the poetry of motion, and
she will see no drudgery in the task.
Oraarv.
THE JAPANESE HOME.
If a man of taste should enter a Jap-
anese parlor, he would not fail to be sur-
prised at the display of marvelous and
exquisite taste. Yet I have often heard
the saying of foreigners that "the Japan-
ese house has no furniture, and is abso-
lutely cheerless and emptv." This is
quite wrong. I must say that they have
no taste of the Japanese art; for the men
of taste are agreed in saying that the
are of decoration in Japan is excellent.
If any one has some taste in this art, he
will perceive that the hangine pictures
on the toko wall, elaborate arranR-ement
of flowers, pictures on the framed parti-
tions, and all decorations, however tri-
fling, reveal infinite taste. The tastes
of the Western people differ so much
from ours that the decoration in their
chambers seems almost childish to the
Japanese eyes. The gorgeous display of
colors in their rooms would please our
children to, look 'at. Drawing-rooms
piled up from corner to corner with toys,
shells, stones, dishes, spoons and differ-
ent novel things always remind us of our
curio shops. A bunch of flowers is stuck
in a vase without form and without or-
der. The pictures in the rooms hang
perpetually, though the face of nature
and feeling of man change from time to
time! x\ll these sights which we are
accustomed to see in the European house
excite in us nothing but wonder. Yet
this is the taste of the Western people.
We have no right to criticise it. In
Japan the family never gathers around
one table as the European or other Asi-
atic peoples do, but each person has his
or her own separate small table, a foot
square and a foot high, and always high-
ly decorated. When they take their
meals they kneel upon the mat, each tak-
ing his table before him. The little lac-
quered table generally ■ contains a small
porcelain bowl, heaped up with delicious-
ly cooked rice, and several lacquered
wooden bowls containing soup or meat,
and numbers of little porcelain plates
with fish, radishes and the like. The
way of cooking, of course, is entirely dif-
ferent from the European. Two pretty
chopsticks, made of lacquered bamboo
or wood, silver or ivory, are used, in-
stead of knife, fork and spoon, and all
people use them with great skill. All
foods are prepared in the kitchen, so as
to avoid any trouble to use knife and
fork. Soup is to be drunk from the
bowl bv carrying it to the mouth bv
hand, in the same way as peoole drink
tea or coffee. Table etiauette has elab-
orate rules, which luVh-bred ladies and
gentlemen must strictly follow. A '^aid
servant alwavs waits, kneeling, at a short
distance, before a clean pan ol boiled
rice, with lacauered tray, on which she
receives and delivers the bowls for re-
plenishing them. Fraerant ereen tea is
alwavs used at the end of the meal, but
r"^r and cream never. — From Harper's
Bazar.
"THE MAN WITH THE HOE," AND OTHER POEMS.
By Edwin Markham.
Doubleday & McClure Company, New York.
She comes like the hush and beauty of
the night,
And sees too deep for laughter;
Her touch is a vibration and a light
From worlds before and after.
In this manner the author of "The
Man With the Hoe" writes of poetry.
The best things in the small collection
brought out by Doubleday & McClure
toward the close of the year are to be
found in the quatrains that appear here
and there throughout the book. This to
William Watson after reading "The
Purple East" is one of the strongest:
That hour you put the wreath of Eng-
land by
To shake her guilty heart with song
sublime,
The mighty Muse that watches from the
sky
Laid on your head the larger wreath
of Time.
The fact that Edwin Markham is of
Western birth and education, a native
of Oregon, is not without significance,
since it has been predicted that out of
the West shall come the great American
poet. This man, this Oregonian whose
"thoughts," Professor Horner says, "are
as red coals in an open fire," is unques-
tionably a poet, a great poet. Is he but
the herald of a greater?
* * *
Professor F. L. Washburn has in his
well-written and charmingly illustrated
report, entitled "Some Winter Birds of
Oregon," done much to stimulate an in-
terest in our feathered friends.
The head of the Alaskan robin which
decorates the title page recalls a sub-
ject that was the cause of much specula-
tion in the days of my childhood. This
bird, which Professor Washburn says
has been found to nest in the northern
part of the valley in small numbers, is
more often seen here than formerly. In-
deed, in the days of long ago its appear-
ance was so rare as always to be hailed
as an event of importance. And I do
not remember ever to have seen it save
in mid-winter or when there happened
to be a fall of snow. So closely was its
coming associated with the "beautiful"
that as children we came to speak of it
as the "snow robin," though we were
never quite sure that it was a robin at all.
* * *
Richard de Gallienne has written an-
other book. "A Tragic Fairy Tale; or,
The Worshipper of the Image" is a title
that is in keeping with the fiction of this
writer, whose fancies are fraught with
sunshine, and light as air.
* * *
John Lane has recently published a
dramatic tragedy in four acts, by Stephen
Phillips. The title is"Paola and Frances-
ca," and deals with the well-known story
of which Dante, in the "Inferno/' gives
such a masterly account. It is to be put
upon the stage of the St. James' theatre
some time in the spring, and it is already
rumored that it will be crowned by the
academy. Indeed, no publication in a
long while has been so enthusiastically
received bv the British reviewers.
The Indian children in school hear a
great deal about civilization, but they
fail to comprehend its meaning, as the
following little incident that happened
here in the school last year will show:
Some schoolboys were out in the barn
lot trying to corral a calf, and they were
getting a great deal of fun out of the
sport at the calf's expense. They
took a fiendish delight in terrorizing it
with sticks and stones and savage yells.
Finally, when they had the calf cor-
nered and he was just in the act of put-
ting his head in at the barn door, one
little Ute shouted out: "We are about
to civilize him, ain't we, Willie?"
Genevra Ingersol says of the Royal
Japanese performers who are on their
way to the Paris exposition: "They are
great artists, and the performance at the
Tremont theatre in Boston, where I had
the good fortune to see them, was a
study in art and emotion from the Ori-
ental standpoint. And I more than ever
maintain that Lefcadio Hearn is the
greatest interpreter of Japanese people
and customs. The farce 'Zingoro,' a
Japanese version of 'Pygmalion and Gal-
atea,' is of the lightest and brightest or-
der, and is followed by the tragedy, 'The
Geisha and the Knight.' In the last act
of this tragedy, when Sada Yacco lets
fall her disheveled black mane in her
struggle to kill the betrothed of her
lover, and finally ends by expiring in his
arms, she touches the sublime. Bern-
hardt never reached anything beyond.
These people are exponents of the
new school of acting which had its birth
fifteen years ago in Japan, and which
really means that the acting, like the
painting, of the Japanese, has been af-
fected by contact with Christian civiliza-
tion. Previous to this the plays were all
of a mythological order. Otto Kawa-
kami and Sada Yacco and their com-
pany are truly great. At the perform-
ance that night Henry Irving and Calve
and lesser notables occupied the boxes."
Genevra Ingersol is herself both an
author and an actress, and one of the
very excellent company which is playing
"Arizona" this season.
Frederick Warde, who will arrive in
Portland during the month, is at pres-
ent playing- a successful engagement in
San Francisco. There is no actor to
whom Portland and indeed all cities in
the West accord so warm a welcome as
to Mr. Warde. The Marquam Grand
is crowded to t^e doors when he apoears
in Portland. He is ably supported this
season bv Mr. and Mrs. Brune. Mrs.
Bruno was formerlv Miss Tittell, and is
well known to Pacific coast audiences.
Fragments-
The rough-hewn stone must be sub-
ject to much rubbing before we have the
onyx striped and blended in colors fair
to the eye. It is so with character. We
need much rubbing and jostling before
we are fitted to be gems in the eternal
diadem. — Romeyn Merritt.
Out of your life and experiences are you
developing- in|;o the larger and greater self?
Are you the better and deeper for what you
have learned and passed through? We are
too successful and too prosperous to learn
to know ourselves well. Only through great
grief can the soul see the sky reflected in the
well of its unfathomable depths.
* * *
A woman who has the cares of a house and
a family and a husband to carry is trebly a
burden-bearer. It seems hard and unjust
and unfair that she should struggle thus for
others, but her children are the inheritors of
her vicarious atonement, and no saint in
heaven deserves a halo so bright as such an
unselfish mother.
Nothing pleases me so profoundly as to
know that another and a deserving one has
developed talents and faculties to the utmost,
and has had an opportunity to make the most
of the divine gifts God has given every human
being. What of the future? Is there to be
still a greater and a grander you?
* * *
Who shall be our greatest American wo-
man? She who shall be kindest and truest
and broadest to herself and to all the human
race, serving lowliest and meekest, as San-
dro Botticelli represents the Virgin bowing
in humility and accepting the annunciation
from the divine messenger that she was to
bear -the world a Savior.
* * *
What is success? Achievements? — So often
accomplished by trampling down others. I
would be an inspiration unto others by my
ideals. Are my aspirations toward others
right and unselfish? Then I can go forward
undaunted, for I shall do no wrong. There is
an armor for an invincible knighthood.
God demands my highest, best, and I only
feel happy when I am giving and doing it.
In this spirit let me simply live out that
which naturally comes my way.
E.H.
This Department is for the use of our readers, and expressions, limited to six hundred words, are soli-
cited on subjects relating to any social, religious or political question. All manuscript sent in must bear
the author's name, though a nom de plume will be printed if so desired. The publishers will not, of course,
be understood as necessarily endorsing any of the views expressed.
WHAT CHANCE OF SUCCESS HAS THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY IN THE NEXT
NATIONAL ELECTION?
I am given the question, What chance
of success has the Democratic party in
the next national election?
Tts chance will depend upon its con-
duct, and if a short answer is in order, I
will say that if the party will hold a con-
vention, nominate George Dewey for
President and Fitzhugh Lee for Vice-
President, and adjourn, its success will
be assured. But we must deal with
probabilities, and this is not a serious
way of meeting the case in hand.
By forecasting the future action of the
contestants some reasonable conjecture
of results may be ventured. McKin-
ley and, in all likelihood, some New
York man, say Hon. Elihu Root, will be
the republican nominees; Bryan and
probably some such Southern man as
Governor Stone, of Missouri, will be their
opponents. It is not at all likely that there
will be any serious side issues, so that
the voters will have to array themselves
behind one set or the other of these lead-
ers. The moneyed interests of the coun-
try, calling themselves by the less objec-
tionable term of the "business" interests,
will support McKinley with practical
unanimity. Bryan will lead the agricul-
tural population and the wage-earners,
so far as the latter are free to voice -their
preference, as the body of his support.
The sound-money democrats will divide,
some going to McKinley on the financial
issue, the remainder to Bryan on other
grounds. Conversely, some silver re-
publicans will support Bryan on this
issue, while others will return to their
former fold. Bryan will get the populist
strength.
McKinley will have a more compact
and better disciplined following, and will
command infinitely more money for
campaign purposes. Bryan's force will
be comprised of men of such divergen-
cies of beliefs and past affiliations that it
will be no easy task to weld them into
a solid, effective body, and he will have
very little financial aid.
McKinley's personality will arouse
little enthusiasm among his supporters
and little antagonism from his oppo-
nents; the party platform will be the
strong feature of his campaign. Bryan's
individuality will dwarf any platform ut-
terances; yet he will dictate the party
platform, so that it will be in perfect har-
mony with his own views. On personal
grounds his adherents will extol him, and
his opponents will denounce him.
If the republican majority in congress
passes a radical financial measure, the
silver question will lose much of the
prominence it will otherwise possess ;*the
status so fixed could not be disturbed in
the next four years, and the- question
would be largely eliminated from the dis-
cussions of the campaign ;• and whether
any legislation is had on this subject or
not, it is plain to be seen that this party
will declare for the gold standard. Its
platform will also indorse foreign expan-
sion in the fullest scope of the term; it
will claim for President McKinley the
glory of the successful termination of the
Spanish and Filipino wars; it will reiter-
ate the time-honored declaration in favor
of a protective tariff; it will denounce
trusts, but the denunciation will savor
loudly of mockery, in view of the fact
that these trusts are rooted in the pro-
tective system and have blossomed forth
under the McKinley administration.
These are the conditions which democ-
racy will have to face.
If the kevnote of the democratic cam-
QUESTIONS OF THE "DAY.
133
paign is made the free and unlimited
coinage of silver at the ratio of sixteen
to one, defeat will be as certain as the
arrival of election day. Whatever grada-
tions of belief may be entertained in
regard to bimetalism or the coinage of
silver, this proposition is so widely be-
lieved to be fraught with destruction of
the business stability and general welfare
of the country that it can never prevail.
And although the action of this congress
might make the free coinage of silver
impossible during Bryan's administra-
tion, the mere declaration in favor of it,
supported by his advocacy, would alien-
ate thousands of voters whose support
might otherwise be had.
In like manner, if the democratic plat-
form and candidates shall fail to com-
mend the successful prosecution of our
recent wars, defeat will be invited. The
American people will never honor or ap-
prove any party or any candidate who
does not bear aloft the nation's flag.
This attitude would not be at all incon-
sistent with opposition to expansion, as
the republicans will declare for it.
A controlling element in the electoral
strength of the United States view with
the most serious alarm the rapid drift of
political power away from the people to
the corporate and consolidated interests
of the wealth of the country, represented
by the Republican party. Had the Dem-
ocratic* party made its battle in the last
campaign upon this broad issue it would
have been invincible, but, as though it
were playing into the hands of the oppo-
sition, it stirred up other strifes, which
diverted attention from or obscured this
predominant question, of which the. ene-
my gladly took advantage to entrench
themselves at every point, so that their
dislodgment is now doubly difficult. A
large majority of our people view with
equal alarm the grasping and life-de-
stroying hold which the trusts are laying
upon every vital energy of the land; and,
it is believed, a majority of the thought-
ful part of our population are no less
disturbed at the prospect ot distant alien
acquisitions with the dangers and respon-
sibilities which will attend them, an enu-
meration of which lack of space forbids.
The more this question is discussed on
intelligent and rational lines, the stronger
will grow opposition to the republican
idea.
Whether Bryan is the strongest can-
didate the democrats can, or may be ex-
pected to, nominate may admit of doubt.
But with or without him as a standard-
bearer, if the demand for free coin-
age of silver at 16 to I is aban-
doned; if a forceful and earnest appeal
is made to the common people to resume
the political rights and powers which
justly belong to them, and to repel the
encroachments of usurping agencies; if a
declaration is made upholding the Amer-
ican flag and arms on sea and land; if
resolutions are adopted demanding the
retention of a naval base and emporium
for trade in the Philippines, and the es-
tablishment of the independence of the
remainder of the islands under a treaty
of perpetual amity, whenever an oppor-
tune time shall arrive; denouncing trusts
and pledging the party to the exercise of
all legitimate means for their extermina-
tion; attacking the present inefficient and
baneful tariff system; favoring the ex-
tension of our commerce on the high
seas with all the nations of the earth;
promising the lawful enactment of an in-
come tax law; and declaring that the
powers of the federal courts. in the issu-
ance of writs of injunction shall be de-
fined and limited by statute; democracy
will have gotten back to sound principles
and will present to the country a case
which will admit of no answer. If it did
not win it would be because popular gov-
ernment is no longer dear to the Amer-
ican people.
L. <B. Cox.
In Politics —
There have been no changes of conse-
quence in the presidential political sit-
■ uation during the past month. It has
come to be a generally recognized fact
that McKinley will be the nominee of
the Republican party for President,, the
only element of uncertainty being the
manner of his nomination. Feeling
among Republicans is gaining ground
that the nomination should be by ac-
clamation. At this date the chances are
in favor of Secretary Root securing the
nomination for the Vice-Presidency on
the Republican ticket.
In spite of the attempts of some in
high authority in the Democratic party
to prove Bryan the only logical candi-
date for the Presidency, the party is
today characterized by uncertainty, both
as to its candidates and its platform.
Doubtless the latter will be molded by
subsequent events, and the leader of the
former, whether Bryan or another, will
be forced to accede to the new condi-
tions. It seems certain, however, that
silver will be made a prominent issue,
whatever others there may be.
* * *
The series of British reverses in South
Africa is complicating the political situ-
ation in England, and it is confidently
stated that if Parliament were in session
at this time the present party in power
could not be supported. It is being gen-
erally recognized by the press in Eng-
land and elsewhere that British arms are
face to face with a far more serious
problem than they had been led to be-
lieve. A realization of this fact, and a
recognition - of the costly mistakes that
have been made, are creating much re-
sentment toward the officials who
brought on the war, and Chamberlain in
particular. Now that the war has been
begun, however, the great majority of
all classes in England have come to the
conclusion, backed by a fierce determin-
ation, that, whatever sacrifices it may
be necessary to make, the war must be
carried through to a successful issue.
If reports are to be believed, the Boers
are not very much terrified by the Eng-
lish advance. They have adopted the
style of warfare most suited to the en-
vironment and their abilities, and it has
developed that they are provided with a
liberal supply of the best weapons and
ammunition anywhere obtainable. At
the present writing their equipment has
proven even superior to that of the Brit-
ish, a fact which is a source of considera-
ble chagrin in England.
* * *
The Czar has issued another peace cir-
cular.
* * *
The Fifty-sixth session of Congress
opened December 4, 1899. Some very
important matters have engaged its at-
tention during the month. The most im-
portant of these is probably the Finan-
cial Bill, adopted by the House and now
before the Senate. If passed, and there
seems to be little doubt about it, the
country will be upon an absolute gold
basis for some time to come. The effect
of this will "be to change the status of
the money question in the next national
election. The investigation in the Rob-
erts case has been thoroughly conducted,
but the findings of the committee is a
foregone conclusion — Roberts will be
denied a seat. At present writing this
seems also to be the fate of Quay, the
committee which reports upon such cases
having decided against him. He main-
tains, however, that he will be seated.
After years of inexcusable delay, the
Nicaragua canal bill seems to be in a fair
way to be passed. The Reciprocity
Treaty with Fr?«ce is likely to be de-
feated, because of "the assertions in the
French Chamber of Deputies that France
has secured much the best of the bar-
gain." Investigation in the case of Sen-
ator Clark of Montana shows that $20,-
000.00 was offered by him or his friends
for a vote.
THE SMONTH.
135
There has been no change in the Phil-
ippine situation during the past month.
While the regular Filipino army has
been cut to pieces, there are still many
marauding bands that are causing no
little worry to the American army. The
Filipinos assert that this state of affairs
will continue indefinitely.
Ir\ Science —
The automobile is being introduced
in the Soudan by a French company,
and will be used in transporting mer-
chandise. Between the station of Kayes,
the limit of the present railroad, and
the Niger, there is a stretch of country
of about three hundred miles over which
will be operated a line of automobiles.
The vehicles will be of slow-speed pat-
tern, and will follow a kind of wide
natural road, which, though impractica-
ble in the rainy season, is particularly
suitable for automobile travel in the dry.
There will be fifty automobiles, and they
will have Chinese conductors.
There are six hundred and eighty-
eight automobiles in use in the United
States. In France there are six thou-
sand five hundred and forty-six; in Bel-
gium, four hundred and seventy-eight,
and in Germany four hundred and thir-
ty-four. The United States has one
hundred and ninety manufacturers, but
of this number only twenty were in a
position to deliver vehicles on December
i, 1899. France has seven hundred and
two manufacturers and over a thousand
dealers.
* * *
The latest development of the auto-
mobile is a motor wheel, varying from
one horse-power, suitable for a bicycle,
to ten or more horse-power for a dray or
truck. The wheel can be easily attached
to the present style of vehicles. The
motive power is gasoline, which is car-
ried in two tanks on one side of the fork
supporting the wheel. It is a unique and
peculiar contrivance.
Harvard Observatory is to have a new
telescope of extraordinary length for
photographing the stars and planets.
The funds necessary to defray the ex-
pense of its construction were anony-
mously contributed.
Norway has adopted the American
system for the artificial propagation of
salmon.
* * *
Recent statistics show the present pop-
ulation of London to be 4,484,717.
* * *
Candy has been added to the regular ration
of the American soldier. One New York
firm has shipped more than fifty tons of con-
fectionery during the past year for the troops
in the Philippines, Cuba and Porto Rico. The
government buys candy of good quality, which
would retail at thirty or forty cents a pound.
It consists of mixed chocolate creams, lemon
drops, cocoanut maroons and acidulated fruit
drops. These are sent in sealed one-pound
cans of a special oval shape, designed to fit
the pockets of a uniform coat. According to
the Evening Post, the use of candy as an
army ration originated in some experiments
on the diet of the troops conducted by the
German government ten years ago. They
showed that the addition of candy and choco-
late to the regular ration greatly improved
the health and endurance of the troops using
it. Since that time the German government
has issued cakes of chocolate and a limited
amount of other confectionery. The Queen
has just forwarded 500,000 pounds of choco-
late in half-pound packages as a Christmas
treat for the troops in the Transvaal. Amer-
ican jam manufacturers are considering a
movement to add jam to the army ration. It
has been found so wholesome for the British
army that 1,450,000 pounds have been dis-
patched to South Africa as a four months'
supply for 116,000 troops. — Scientific Ameri-
can.
In Literature —
Colonel Richard Hinton gives, in the
' Saturday Review, an account of a recent
visit to the "Roycroft Shop," at East
Aurora, and a detailed description of the
editor of the Philistine, his daily life,
dress and manners. Elbert Hubbard, ac-
cording to this enthusiastic biographer,
is an American William Morris.
* * *
The International Monthly makes its
appearance with the beginning of the
year 1900. It is published by the Mac-
millans and edited by Frederick Richard-
son, with the co-operation of an advisory
board representing various departments
of modern research in America, England,
France and Germany.
* * *
The marriage of Hamlin Garland and
Zulime Taft, of Hanover, Kan., is an-
nounced.
t36
THE 'PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
Funk & Wagnalls are publishing the
only authorized edition of the "Expos-
itors' Bible." It consists of twenty-five
volumes, and is edited bv Dr. Robertson
Nicoll.
The American Book Company has
purchased the entire list of Harper's col-
lege and high-school text-books, num-
bering fully four hundred titles, and in-
cluding important works in literature,
history, mathematic, natural science and
ancient and modern languages. There
is also a large number of books soon to
be published, the work of well-known
educators.
In Art—
A collection of bindings was exhibited
during the month in New York, and the
theory that "the binding of a book should
be emblematic of its contents" was given
noticeable expression. Meunier exhib-
ited some of his best work, and Marius
Mitchell had on view an edition of "Paul
et Virginia" bound in full Levant.
. * * *
Baltimore Municipal Art Society has
been holding meetings which have for
their object the beautifying of the city.
* * *
The Society of American Artists an-
nounce their annual exhibition to be held
in the Fine* Arts Building, in March.
* * *
The recently formed American Society
of Miniature Painters will hold its first
annual exhibition at the Knoedler gal-
leries during the month.
* * #
A remarkable find has been made in
the studio and house occupied by the late
Rosa Bonheur, at the village of By, in
France, of some 2000 works by the artist,
200 of which are finished canvases in oil,
and the remainder sketches and studies
in oil and water color, together with a
number of drawings, many of them im-
portant, and all characteristic of the great
woman painter. The collection, which is
valued at over 1,000,000 francs, is being
prepared and arranged for exhibition and
sale next spring in Paris.
* * *
Sir Philip Burne-Jones has recently
completed a portrait oi Rudyard Kip-
ling which shows the author sitting at
work in his study. The picture is on
exhibition in London.
* * *
Mr. Edgar Felloes carried off the first
prize, a silver medal,' in the contest con-
ducted by the Photographic Times last
month. The picture which won the hon-
or for Mr. Felloes was th*. portrait of
Frederick Warde, in the character of
Macbeth, which originally appeared in
the Pacific Monthly for March, 1899.
In Religious Thought —
Dr. Lyman Abbott thinks that "both
within and without the church we are
passing through a great transition of
belief." And he holds that this transi-
tion, while it marks "a radical change in
the substantial point of view," deepens
rather than destroys religious faith.
"We are coming to see," he continues,
"that inspiration is a universal fact in
human life. Never was God dumb in
any epoch of the world; to any class of
people. Everywhere and always he has
spoken. In a true sense all good liter-
ature is inspired of God. Goodness and
God are identical. * * The sacrifice
of Christ is the very heart and centre, I
believe, of Christian teaching and Chris-
tian life. * * * Sacrifice did not be-
gin on Calvary, and it certainly did not
end there. * * * Patriots had died
for their country, martyrs had died for
their faith, mothers had died for their
children, long before the first century.
And wherever a patriot had died for his
country, or a martyr for his faith, or a
mother for her child, or a friend for his
friend, there was manifested, in smaller
measure, that sacrificial spirit of God
which makes Him the object of our
worship."
* * *
Probably the most conspicuous event
in the religious world during the month
was the death of D. L. Moody, the great
evangelist, on December 2. Mr.
Moody's last words were: "I see the
earth receding; heaven is opening; God
is calling me." It is interesting to know
that Mr. Moody was probably the
wealthiest minister in the world. He has
made over $1,000,000.00 from the sale of
his "Gospel Hymns" alone.
THE SMONTtf.
137
In Education —
A woman, Miss Grace C. Strachan,
has been appointed associate superin-
tendent of schools in Greater New York,
at a salary of $5,000 a year.
It is proposed to establish a British
school at Rome similar to, and maintain-
ing a close connection with, the school
at Athens.
* * *
In Japan the recent ruling of the gov-
ernment regarding religious instruction
in the schools is creating uneasiness
among the missionaries there. The new
ruling amounts, practically, they claim,
to a "veto against all religious instruc-
tion."
Leading Events —
December 1 — The secretary of war makes
his first report. In the Philippines General
Conon surrenders 800 officers and men, with
rifles, and the garrison at Bayombong, in
the province of Nueva Vizcaya, to Lieuten-
ant Monroe.
December 2 — The treaty for the partition of
Samoa is signed at Washington, D. C.
December 4 — The United States senate is
opened with a brief session.
December 5 — The president's message is
submitted to congress.
December 6 — It is announced that the next,
annual encampment of the G. A. R. will be
held in Chicago.
December 7 — The United States senate
committee on privileges and elections meets
to consider the protest against the seating ni
Senator Quay.
December 8 — News is received from Manila
of a five hours' battle in the mountain pass
of Naracan, in which the insurgent forces
were routed by General Young's column.
From Pretoria comes news of fighting be-
tween the Boers and the British near Modder
River.
December 9— British forces capture the
Boer entrenchment of Lombardskop, near
Ladysmith.— In Luzon, General Del Pilar,
commander of Aguinaldo's bodyguard, is
killed in an engagement near Cervantes.
December 10 — Two hundred and twenty-
nine Spanish, formerly prisoners to the Fili-<
pinos, arrive in Manila.
December 11— Word is received from Ma-
nila of the capture of Subig. General Law-
ton enters San Miguel.— At Stormberg, 672
British prisoners are taken by the Boers.
December 12— Puerto Rico asks that its
political status be definitely determined.
December 13— The British are again de-
feated at Modder River. — In congress, Cush-
man, representative from Washington, makes
a brilliant speech on the gold standard.
December 14— Senators McBride and Simon
are given places on several important com-
mittees.
December 15— General Buller suffers severe
defeat at Tugela river.
December 16— The American Federation of
Labor declares against the practice of subsidy
legislation.
December 17— Generals Roberts and Kitch-
ener supersede General Buller in South Africa.
December 18— The house passes the cur-
rency bill by a vote of 190 to 150.
December 19— News is received of the
death of General Lawton at San Mateo.
December 20— The Japanese envoy at The
Hague, on behalf of the mikado, signs the
international peace treaty.
December 21— The British at Ladysmith are
reported to be short of ammunition.
December 22— Hon. John Barrett speaks at
the New England dinner in New York, on
''The .New Pacific."
December 23— General Torres is awaiting
reinforcements before attacking the Yaquis in
Northern Mexico.
December 24— A Christmas truce is de-
clared in the Transvaal.
December 25— General S. B. M. Young re-
ceives his appointment as military governor
of Northwestern Luzon.
December 26— General Santa Ana, of the
insurgent forces, attacks the American garri-
son at Subig.
Earth's Calendar.
Spring.
In spring, blithe March is spreading his first
green o'er the land;
With April's shower's to coax them, the
primal buds expand —
And when May smiles upon them, they burst
in beauty bland!
Autumn.
September's breezes cooling, the heated earth
revives;
October's wealth of sweetings is loosed from
Nature's gyves;
November's autumn splendor in richest tints
arrives!
Summer. Winter.
In summer, June is shedding sweet rose- December scatters snowflakes in bidding
breaths all around; earth farewell;
With July's suns above them, the fields stand White January, ice-bound, lends ear to steel
golden crowned; and bell;
Through August's regal ruling, the swinging Sad February, sobbing, tolls slow old Win-
sickles sound! ter's knell.
cAdelaide Tugh.
CONDUCTED BY DOWNING, HOPKINS & CO.
The power of one man to bring on or
avert a panic in the financial world has
never been so thoroughly understood or
demonstrated as it has been during the
past month. But for the timely inter-
vention of J. Pierpont Morgan, there
might have been a crash that would have
wrecked thousands of prominent houses
throughout the country. Indeed, there
is no limit to the extent of the panic that
might have raged had not Mr. Morgan
stepped forward when he did. Probably
there is no other man that could have
accomplished the same thing. Certainly
no other one in this country commands
such tremendous influence as he does,
and it was a belief in this fact, a faith
in him, that averted the panic and made
New York and the country breathe easy.
Thus it was demonstrated over again
that all business and financial operations
are conducted purely on a basis of- faith.
Mr. Morgan, no one man or set of
men, could have actually met the obliga-
tions which were technically assumed,
but a belief in Mr. Morgan's judgment
made a possibility, to all intents and pur" ■
poses, of an actual impossibility.
The cause of the disturbance — the
war in South Africa — may be considered
as having expended its strength. What-
ever the results of the war may be, it is
not probable that we shall be threatened
again with such a calamity, though the
trouble in Africa will continue to dis-
turb the financial situation somewhat.
* * *
The financial bill, which has passed
the House and is now before the Senate,
is a purely gold-standard measure and
will, in all probability, be passed by the
Senate and signed by the President.
Should this be the outcome, the result
should have a steadying effect upon
financial centres, and it will go far to-
wards eliminating the money question
from the next national election — a "con-
summation devoutly to be wished."
The country has had a prosperous rec-
ord these last few years, and is entering
upon a new era of prosperity which may
be postponed or prevented altogether if
we are forced to go through another
long, tiresome, troublesome, bickering
financial campaign. The money ques-
tion should be left alone — for the present
at least.
There is to be no curtailment in any
particular at this session of congress of
the taxes provided for to carry on the
war with Spain, although it is estimated .
that at the end of the present fiscal year
there will be a surplus of $40,000,000 in
the treasury.
The news that the war taxes will stand
was made known through Representa-
tive Hopkins, of Illinois, one of the lead-
ing members of the ways and means
committee, after a conference he had
with President McKinley at the White
House. Mr. Hopkins said: "It would be
a difficult matter to overhaul the law at
this session, and I doubt very much
whether anything of a definite nature
will be attempted." There was talk at
the beginning of the session of removing
some of the war tax burdens, inasmuch
as the receipts of the government were
exceeding the expenditures by upwards
of $3,000,000 per month, but it has died
out as a result of the quiet promulgation
of administration. views on the subject.
A majority of the ways and means com-
mittee is now opposed to any amend-
ments to the law which will to any ex-
tent affect the government's income. The
argument made in favor of letting the law
alone is that, while there may be a sur-
plus in the treasury this vear, there is
no telling what mav happen at any time
to increase expenditures. It is better,
the administration leaders say, to wait
a while and see how things come out in
the Philippines. There is no probability,
republicans say. that the entire law will
ever be repealed. — New York Journal.
CONDUCTED BY E. C. PROTZMAN.
A Great Evans.
Mr. Lasker calls this game, in his
"Common Sense in Chess," one of the
finest games on record:
Prof. Anderson: 23
(A).
White.
1 P— K 4. 1
2 Kt— K B 3. 2
3 B— B 4. 3
4 P-QKt4. 4
5 P-B 3- 5
6 P-Q4. 6
7 Castles. 7
8 Q— Kt 3. 8
9 P—K5. 9
0 B— R3. 10
1 R— KSq. 11
2 BxP. 12
3 Q-R4 13
4 QKt— Q2. 14
5 Kt-K4- 15
6 BxP. 16
7 Kt— B 6— Ch. 17
8 PxP. 18
9 QR-QSq(B).i9
20 PxKt — Ch. 20
21 QxP— Ch (C). 21
22 B— B5— dblCh22
Notes by Lasker:
(A) — A now obsolete defense.
(B) — One of the most subtle and pro-
found moves upon record.
(C)— Grand!
The following two mover we present
to our readers as a gem — the solving of
which will tax their analytical powers to
the full:
White: K— K R 7, Q— K 8, Rks—
K 5 and Q 3, Kt— Q B 6, B— K Sq,
Pawns— K Kt 5, Q Kt 3 and Q R 3—
9 pieces.
Black: K— Q 3, Kt— K B 5, B— Q 4,
P — K 3 — 4 pieces.
White to mate in two moves.
A prominent chess master is quoted
as saying: "Morphy proved his pre-em-
inence not merely by his victories, but
•B — Q 7 mate.
Black.
P— K4.
Kt-Q B 3.
B— B 4.
BxP.
B— R 4.
PxP.
P— Q 6
Q-B3-
Q— Kt 3.
K Kt— K 2.
P— Q Kt 4.
R— Q Kt Sq.
B-Kt 3.
B— Kt 2.
Q-B*
Q-R4-
PxKt.
R— K Kt Sq.
QxKt.
KtxR.
KxQ.
K-B 3.
TWYW t?T?t? 4
TYLER WOODWARD, President.
JACOB KAMM, Vice-Preside 1 t.
FRANK C. MILLER, Cashier.
JAMES NEWLANDS, Ass't Cashier.
Statement of the condition of
United States National Bank,
OF PORTLAND, OREGON.
Nov. 24, 1899.
ASSETS
Loans
Gold Coin ....
Demand Exchange
Silver Coin
Legal Tenders
U. S. Bonds and Premium
Real Estate, Furniture and Fix.
Redemption Fund
J395.976.69
126,160.00
295,908.89
3,296 35
8,155.00
54,300.00
38,874.10
2,250.00
$924,921.03
$250,000.00
587,148.12
45,000.00
30,272.91
12,500.00
$924,921.03
LIABILITIES
Capital Stock
Deposits .
Circulation
Undivided Profits, Net
Surplus Fund
TYLER WOODWARD,
President.
THE ABOVE STATEMENT CORRECT:
F. C. MILLER,
Cashier.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS.
Tyler Woopard, Jacob Kamm, 4
Rufus Mali.ory, Benton Killin, *
Chas. Hegele, D. W. Wakefield, 4
E. A. King, Roderick Macleay, ■"
F C.Miller. i
Drafts issued direct on all the principal cities «
of Europe and the Orient. 4
No Interest Paid on Deposits. -<
• ♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦♦♦♦,<
»♦♦»»»♦♦»»♦»♦»»♦»♦♦+ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦<
C-OP^jUllCiHT"
Every Gem * * *
.... In our fine collection of jewels is a rare
beauty, and their rich color and brilliancy and
unique and exquisite settings make them fit
gifts for a Queen. We have everything that
is new and novel in pins, rings, and jewelry of
every description for Christmas trade, at prices
that are remarkable for their low figure.
L C. HENRICHSEN CO.,
284 Washington St. Portland, Or.
140
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
also in the fact that his games, as a
whole, show fewer errors of combination
than those of any other player."
The Oregon Road Club has shown a
genuine interest in chess by placing in
its rooms chess tables, and men to match,
of a kind and quality that would prove
a credit to any chess club in the country.
It is a pity our local players do not show
a proper appreciation of this fact.
* * «*
Where and When was Chess Invented?
John McDonald, of this city, maintains
that chess is of Persian' origin, while
"Suum cuique" gives to China -the credit
of its invention. Some paleologists hold
that chess was played in Egypt as early
as 3000 B. C, basing their opinion upon
monuments of that period representing
two men playing a game over a board
unmistakably divided into squares. His-
tory and tradition point to the Indies as
the birthplace of chess. According to
Indian folk-lore, the sage Ziga Ben
Daher invented the game about 1000 B.
C, in order to convince King Balhil
that a king is powerless if deserted by or
cut off from his subjects. In Persia,
chess was introduced by Sultan Koren,
840 B. C. It is a curious coincidence
that Ali Hassan, Caliph of Cairo, pro-
hibited the playing of chess in that very
year. — The Evening Post, New York.
* * *
BOOKS ON CHESS.
For beginners the most interesting
books are: "Chess Openings," "The
Principles of Chess," and "The Art of
Chess," by James Mason. This is a
graded series, and fully covers the
ground. The most elementary works,
probably, especially designed for begin-
ners, are those of Gossip, Bird, Guns-
berg, Chadwick and Foster. After a per-
son has mastered the principles, and can
do a little analysis, the best study is the
games by the masters, annotated by ex-
perts. Among the best are: "The Hast-
ings Chess-Tournament Book," "Mor-
phy's Games," "The Lasker-Steinmitz
Match Games," "Chess-Sparks," "Gren-
well's Chess Exemplified." — American
Chess Magazine.
: ..HATTERS AND FURNISHERS..
Sole Agents for
KINOX HKTS
I 94 Third St. Portland, Or. I
^•c»o«o«c»c«c«c«c«c«c»c«c«c»c«c«o«c«c«c«c«c«c»c«o»c«c«o«c^
) DON'T WEAR £■ <*
Baggy Trousers or
Shabby Clothes£>- \
l We call for, sponge, press and deliver one suit of. ;
} your clothing each week, sew on buttons, and \
; sew up rips, for %
\ $1.00 A SMONTH.
UNIQUE TAILORING CO.
:■ 124 Sixth St„ Bet. Washington and Alder. {
BOTH PHONES.
« <*
a Kraner & Kramer, |
....TAILORS....
Jj 228 Washington Street, g
J "Portland, - Oregon, J
The Blue Mountain
Company
. *^
COUD STORAGE
COAL, ICE, COKE,
247 STARK STREET
g£«o«o»c«o»o»o»c«c«c«c «o»c»o»o«o«o«o»o«o«-«o«c«c«o«c«c«c«ofc{
"You will have to wear spectacles," said
the occulist.
"I'd prefer a monocle," answered Chappie.
"But both your eyes are affected."
"Then I shall wear two monocles."
*
The story is told of General Steadman that
during the thickest of the fight at Chica-
mauga he rushed up to a retreating brigade
and shouted:
"Face about, boys! "We must hold this
point."
"But, general," objected an officer, "we
have done everything that man can do — "
"What! Everything?" cried the general.
"You haven't died yet!"
Some people are never at a loss for an an-
swer, and the colored valet who got off the
following is a good exponent of that class.
It seems he was a lazy rascal, and his master
one day remonstrated with him about his
neglect of duty.
"But, massa, I's am not equal to de occa-
sion as I once wuz."
"Why, George, what on earth is the matter
with you now?"
"I's got a stitch in my side, sir, dat trubbles
me a powerful lot, and I's not able to do as
mucn as I hab been doin'."
"A stitch in your side! Oh, come, George,
that won't do. Where did you get such a
thing as a stitch in your side?"
"De ober day, sah. You see, I wuz hemmed
in by a crowd."
* .
Lady — I want some assistance in relieving
an unfortunate man. Old Gentleman — My
dear madam, when it comes to relieving an
unfortunate man, you don't require any as-
sistance. You are fully equal to the emer-
gency.
A good example of the manner in which
students who are "in" for several subjects at
the same time get their ideas mixed, is that
of the youth who, having to answer the ques-
tion, "Who was Esau?" replied, "Esau was a
man who wrote fables, and sold the copy-
right for a bottle of potash."
"Will you trust me Fanny," he cried pas-
sionately, grasping her hand.
"With all my heart, Augustus; with all my
soul, with all myself," she whispered, nest-
ling on his manly bosom.
"Would to goodness you were my tailor,"
Tie murmured to himself, and tenderly he
took her in his arms.
If your eyes
Should happen to fall upon this space
there are some reasons ivhy it should
rivet your attention*
In the first place we are going to
use it for some time.
In the second place what we have
to say may be of interest to you.
If you don't read what we say the
first time, then perhaps you will the
second, or the third, or the fourth,
or the sixth, or the tenth. At any
rate, we propose to get your atten-
tion, and you must hear us through
sooner or later. It may be "the
sooner the better" for you.
If you had an ailment, and a
friend of yours who had had the
same thing told you of a sure rem-
edy for it, you would be foolish not
to secure relief. That is simply
common sense.
But people tramp around with
corns, in constant dread of having
their feet trod upon, and actually
suffer agonies, when a little prompt
action can save their feelings, and
put smiles where there have been
lines and frowns. There is one thing
that will do that for you. It is
THE WILLAMETTE CORN CURE
A Clear and Colorless Fluid.
It vjilt positively remove corns, and
leave natural skins in their places. It
sells for 25 cents a bottle (as reason-
ably as it can be made), and if you
are tortured vjith a corn and loill give
our cure a trial, you vjill find that
vjhat vje say is a simple fact*
BOERICKE & RUNYON,
303 Washington St., Portland, Oregon.
WHEN WRITING OR PURCHASING, MENTION THE PACIFIC MONTLHY
142
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
"Bill."
Not long since, in one of the prominent
and flourishing mining towns of Northern
Arizona, an incident happened which very
aptly illustrated the happy Western way of
settling matters, that was both ludicrous and
pathetic. The story is absolutely true, with
the exception of the names of the principals,
who are prominent and respected citizens of
that Northern Arizona town.
Judge Wicks came into the territory from
the East a number of years ago, when the
boom was on. Mining camps were springing
up in every direction, money was easy and
was spent with a lavish hand. He was a
college graduate, a lawyer by profession, and
highly respected for a time, until he fell in
with that reckless class which usually pre-
dominates in mining towns. In a short time
he became closely associated with the gutter,
and his sober hours were indeed few. While
living this reckless life, he became acquainted
with a woman of lost caste. She was a wo-
man of much intelligence, and far above the
average in refinement, circumstance having
much to do with her fallen condition.
During a sober hour, when remorse was
gnawing at his conscience, he entered into an
agreement with her to the effect each should
reform; he to abjure all allegiance to his
former associates and habits, she to do like-
wise, and together they would lead honor-
able, upright lives and regain the respect of
society and of themselves.
In a short time they were married. He
turned his whole attention to law once more,
and soon secured a good practice at the local
bar. They were living happily, and the people
of the town gave them every encouragement.
Soon after his reformation, Wicks was nom-
inated by his party for the probate judgeship
and was elected by a good majority.
During the political campaign he was un-
able to withstand the many temptations that
beset the pathway of the politician, and he fell
from grace occasionally, but temporarily only,
for his wife, out of the fullness of her knowl-
edge of the ways of men, made his penitent
return to sobriety easy, and did not chide
him for his waywardness.
It was during one of these temporary wan-
derings from the straight and narrow path
that he and a party of choice spirits were
seated around a deal table in the "Senate"
saloon one evening, renewing old acquaint-
ance with Bacchus, all being in a condition
oblivious to the future, when a woman rushed
into the place, with a baby in her arms. She
was apparently under 30, poorly dressed, hag-
gard and careworn. Going straight to the
bar, she hurriedly laid the baby on the bar,
and, addressing the barkeeper, said:
"You have robbed me of my husband, and
of his money; I have gone without food and
clothes; take it all; take his child and care
for it."
With this she turned and ran out as rap-
idly and as suddenly as she had come, leav-
ing them in ignorance as to who she was or
RAIN!
RAIN!!
RAIN!!!
IN this climate where one must carry
an umbrella ten or eleven months
out of the year, you can be harass-
ed to death by the continued tearing,
rusting or breaking of cheap umbrellas.
It is the worst of
False Economy
to buy a cheap umbrella. By cheap um-
brellas we do not necessarily mean cheap
in price, but one into which poor stuff
has been put. Such are dear at any price.
We have umbrellas on hand at very rea-
sonable prices, but in which the best of
material has been used — umbrellas that
you can carry with pleasure and pride
— and you have confidence in their stay-
ing powers.
One reason why our umbrellas last so
long and give such universal satisfac-
tion is that they never rust. It is a
fact though, that seven out of ten of the
ordinary umbrellas
Die of Rust
We are the inventors and ONLY man-
ufacturers of an anti-rust umbrella frame,
the only frame suitable for this climate.
We are asked if it pays to have an
umbrella re-covered. The only answer
is, if you have a good frame it will pay
you. But many times after you have
had your umbrella re-covered the frame
gives way on top, the rust having eaten
away the eye of the ribs and the cover
is destroyed. Our anti-rust frame over-
comes this.
We carry the largest assortment of
Umbrellas, Parasols and Handles in the
city. We handle this line of goods ex-
clusively.
ALLESINA'S
309 Morrison Street
Phone Grant 276. Opp. P. O.
"DRIFT.
143
where she was from. For a time the bar-
keeper was stupefied with the responsibility
so suddenly thrust upon him, but in a mo-
ment, looking from the squirming bundle on
the bar to the judge and his party, he said:
"Well, I dunno but the woman was right,
but I'll be if I know who she was; reck-
on I'll take care of the kid ennyhow."
"No," suggested one of the party, "let's
shake dice to see who gits the kid."
The judge, who up to this time had said
nothing, slowly arose to his feet, steadied
himself with his hand on the table, and with
much dignity made a short speech, saying:
"Gen'lmen, in your sovereign capacity as
citizens of this magnificent commonwealth,
you have elected me as the legal guardian of
such widows and orphans as happen in this
county; therefore, I, as the legal and duly
constituted guardian of such orphans as may
be thrown in my way, shall establish a pro-
tectorate over this kid, and the first greaser
that attempts to tamper with the findings of
this court gets fined to the full extent of the
law."
Having delivered himself of this speech, he
turned to a colored boy standing near:
"Here. George, get a hack and take this
kid home to his ma at once."
The colored boy secured the hack, took
the baby to the home of the judge, and hand-
ed his charge over to Mrs. Wicks without
explanation.
In a short time, after drinking to the
health of the baby, whom the judge had
promptly named "Bill," and to several others,
the judge slowly and with many gyrations
wended his way homeward. He found his
wife with several other ladies in the parlor,
wondering where on earth the child came
from. The baby was cooing and seemingly
delighted with its newly found home. The
judge unsteadily made his way to the parlor
and, standing in the doorway, inquired of his
wife:
" 'Lizbeth, where's Bill?"
"Bill?" inquired his wife, in surprise.
"Why, who do you mean?"
"I mean Bill — Bill, the kid that I sent home
a little while ago."
"It isn't a boy, judge; it's a little Rt*l."
"I don't care what he is; his or her name
is 'Bill,' 'n' Bill is good 'nuff fer anybody."
And a bright and lovable little girl as
■one could wish to see still lives with the judge
and his estimable wife, and is known by all
her acquaintances as "Bill." Whatever be-
came of her mother no one has ever been
able to tell, nor does any one seem to know
where she came from, unless from one of the
many mining camps in that vicinity.
J. S. CB.
*
"A man is weak in proportion to his cow-
ardice. The thing he fears is the thing that
will conquer him, that will enslave and de-
stroy him. He is strong — as strong as the
world itself — if he understands it and yields
his mind to the all-controlling fact that he is
•one with God."
John H . Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commercial Block, PORTLAND, ORE.
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorneys at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
Library Associalion of Portland
24,000 Volumes and over 200 Periodicals.
$5.00 a Year and $1.50 a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS— From 9 A. M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Sundays
and holidays.
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK.
P. O. BOX 1 57. TEL. MAIN 387.
RODNEY L GLISAN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
ROOM 420
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
Portland, Ore.
EDWARD HOLMAN
UNDERTAKER
EMBALMER and
FUNERAL DIRECTOR
280 Yamhill St.
Experienced
I,ady Assistant
THE J. K. GILL CO.
BOOKSELLERS and STATIONERS
Third and Alder Sts.
Portland, Ore.
OUR LEADER
ALL MAKES
RENTED and SOLD
Platens and Parts
for all machines.
EXPERT REPAIRING
Office and Duplicating Goods, etc.
COAST AGENCY CO.
266)4 STARK ST.
Both Phones. Your Orders Solicited.
144
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
Transvaal Literature.
"Who reads an African book? Thousands
of people, it appears, from many editions of
many of these works. It is astonishing mere-
ly to confront the books which have been
written in the Transvaal. Many of the South
African books, it is true, have been begun
or finished on the journey from England to
Africa, or from Africa homeward. Some of
them have been written under the English
flag, either in the mother island or in the
Cape Colony. But across the Vaal itself —
the river which the Boers .made their bound-
ary to the south when they shook the dust
of Cape Colony from their feet and made their
great exodus northward — on the other side
of this Jordan of the Boers there have been
books enough written to stock a small village
public library. For the general reader, how-
ever, all of South Africa is a fascinating field
at present, and as everybody who goes to the
Transvaal goes to Cape Colony, and writes
of both, there is no need to make too fine
differentiation in the literature of these far-
away lands. Olive Schreiner's 'Story of an
African Farm' is, probably, the piece of fic-
tion which has made itself most felt, quite as
much for its vivid descriptions of the scenery
and life, as for the woe of the morbid heroine
who loved and lost a cad adored. There are
numberless books on social and religious
topics by missionaries of all nations, particu-
larly Dutch ones who have gone from Hol-
land to the Transvaal since the northern exo-.
dus from Cape Colony of their kin, the Boers,
sixty years ago. Huguenot blood, too, is
mingled with the tears and prayers of those
who have struggled to hold up the standard
of the ideal in South Africa, and their books
have the sturdy, never-say-die quality of their
kind. Every woman who can write at all
tries her pen at a book on South Africa, if
she goes either to the Cape or to the Trans-
vaal, and the result is a lot of delightful read-
ing."— The Evening Transcript, Boston.
Remitted.
Thomas F. Marshall, a nephew of Chief
Justice Marshall, was in his day one of the
most eloquent of Kentucky orators. He was
famous also for his brilliancy and quickness
at repartee, so that many stories in which he
figures are still current. One such is re-
lated by Henry M. Rowley in a sketch printed
in the "Southern Historical Society Papers."
Mr. Marshall was defending a man charged
with murder. The adverse testimony was
strong, and Marshall was hard put to it, es-
pecially as Judge Lusk seemed determined
to rule against him. Finally, greatly excited
by some ruling of the judge, Marshall ex-
claimed:
"Our Savior was convicted upon just such
rulings."
It was now Judge Lusk's turn to be indig-
nant.
"Clerk." said he. "enter a fine of $10
against Mr. Marshall."
I Amongst the
I minor ills of life
One of the very worst is laundry work
that is badly done. It not only uses up
the cloth rapidly, but it destroys the tem-
per and gives one an unsatisfactory ap- ♦
pearance where finish is most needed J* x
♦ Starched linen collars, shirts and cuffs +
▼ must be unquestionably immaculate, done ♦
- with no risk, a certainty as to result. J
THE UNION LAUNDRY I
has come to represent this to men who x
> make any effort at all to dress well. Those X
[ 'who have not tried us will find that it will ♦
[ pay them to do so. Send a postal or tele- T
• phone, and we will call. ▲
UNION LAUNDRY COMPANY,
53 Randolph Street.
Telenhones S Colunlbia 5°42-
leiepnones j Oregon, Albina 41.
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ »♦♦♦♦♦<
SOCIETY
Engraving in all its branches —
Wedding and Visiting Cards done
skillfully, tastefully and expedi-
tiously
W. G. Smith & Co.,
22-23 Washington 'Bldg.,
over Litt's,
PORTLAND.
OREGON.
N. B. — If you need anything in the above lines
come and.see samples of our work before plac-
ing your order. Our work is equal to the best
Eastern.
'DRIFT.
145
"Well, this is the first time I ever heard
of anybody being fined for abusing Pontius
Pilate," was Marshall's response.
"Clerk," said the judge, "enter another fine
of $20 against Mr. Marshall."
Marshall rose at once, and with an inimita-
ble expression upon his face, remarked:
"If your honor pleases, as a good citizen
I feel bound to obey the order of this court,
and intend to do so in this instance; but as I
don't happen to have $30 about me, I shall be
compelled to borrow it from some friend, and
as I see no one present whose confidence and
friendship I have so "long enjoyed as your
honor's, I make no hesitation in asking the
small favor of a loan for a few days, to
square up the amount of the fines that you
have caused the clerk to enter against me."
This was what Dick Swiveller used to call
an "inscrutable staggerer." The judge looked
at Marshall and then at the clerk, and finally
said:
"Clerk, remit Mr. Marshall's fines; the state
is better able to lose $30 than I am."
Alaska to Uncle Sam.
Sitting on my greatest glacter,
With my feet in Behring sea,
I am thinking, cold and lonely,
Of the way you've treated me.
Three-and-thirty years of silence!
Through ten thousand sleepless nights,
I've been praying for your coming,
For the dawn of civil rights.
When you tore me, young and trusting,
From the growling Russian Bear,
Loud you swore before the nations
I should have the eagle's care!
(Never yet has wing of eagle
Cast a shadow on my peaks,
But I've watched the flight of buzzards,
And I've felt their busy beaks.)
Your imported cross-roads statesmen
(What a motley, sordid train!)
Come with laws concerned in closets —
Made for loot and private gain!
These the best that you can furnish?
Then, God help the heathen folk
You have rescued from the burden
Of the rotten Spanish yoke!
I'm a full-grown, proud-souled woman,
And I'm getting very sick —
Wearing all the cast-off garments
Of your body politic.
If you'll give me your permission,
I will make some wholesome laws
That will suit my hard conditions
And promote our country's cause.
By the latest mail you sent me
(Nearly all your mails are late)
Comes the news that you've gone roving
In your proud old Ship of State-
Dreaming with a sunburnt siren
By the sultry Southern seas,
Where the songs of your enchantress
Swoon upon the scented breeze.
E.CGODDARD & CO.
OREGONIAN BUILDING
Agents for
"Dclsartc"
SHOES
For Women.
Kid Lace, AA to E
@ $3.50.
PATENTS
Quickly secured. OTTB FEE DUE WHEN PATENT
OBTAINED. Send model, sketch or photo, with
description for free report as to patentability . 48-PAGE
HAND-BOOK FREE. Contains references and full
information. WHITE FOB COPT OF OUR SPECIAL
OFFER. It is the most liberal proposition ever made by
a patent attorney, and EVERT INVENTOR SHOULD
READ IT before applying for patent. Address :
H.B.WILLSOIUCO.
PATENT LAWYERS,
LeDroitBldg., WASHINGTON, D. C.
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OP NEW BOOKS AND MAOAZINES
25 Cents per Month
* JONES* BOOK STORE*
»©1 A-lder Street, Portland, Oregon
WANTED
A case of bad health that RI-PANS will not bene-
fit. R-I-P A"NS, loforscents. or 12 packets for 48 cents,
may be had of all druggists who are willing to sell a
low-priced medicine at a modern profit.
They banish pain and prolong lite.
One gives relief Accept no substitute.
Note the word R-IP-A N S on the packet.
Send 5 cents to Ripans Chemical Co., No. 10 Spruce
St., New York, for 10 samples and 1000 testimonials.
THEY REGULATE THE BOWELS.
THEY CURE SICK HEADACHE.
A SINGLE ONE GIVES RELIEF.
ON'T SET HENS ™ltil\<
The Natl Hen Incubator beats old plan
Sto 1. Littlein price but big money maker. Agts. '
wanted. Sendfor cat.tellinghow to get on* free, i
Natural Hen Ineiihator Co.. B 70 Columbus. Neb. <
Rev. H. Ileuser made a 100 Egg Hatcher, cost 11.00
A Free Trip to Paris!
Reliable persons of a mechanical or Inventive mind
desiring a trip to the Paris Exposition, with good
salary and expenses paid, should write
The PATENT RECORD, Baltimore, Md.
146
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
You are blind with lust of conquest
And desire for foreign trade,
Or you'd see the half-drawn dagger,
With its brightly burnished blade,
Sticking in the loosened girdle
Of the black brute by your side.
(If you treat her as I'm treated
She will stick it through your hide.)
Curb your taste for sun-killed countries,
Where the natives loaf and shirk!
Come to richer northern regions,
Where the people think and work.
If you want a part of Asia
When the Chinamen are killed,
Run a railroad up to Behring —
I will show you where to build.
Come next spring and count my treasures,
• And don't stop at Glacier bay,
Like the many high commissions
You have started up this way.
You will see my wooded mountains,
With their citadels of snow,
Gleaming in the purple distance
Through pearl-hued Alpen-glow.
Standing on my flower-strewn hillsides,
Where my mighty rivers meet,
Gazing o'er my verdant valleys,
Stretching seaward from your feet,
You will see the sunlit splendor
Of my moonless midnight skies,
Gilded with the light supernal
Shining straight from Paradise.
If you stay till hoary winter
Has entombed the silent land,
You will read celestial sermons
Written by the Master's hand
On the azure walls of heaven,
Where Aurora's tinted light
Weirdly flits like summer lightning
All the ghostly Arctic night.
When you come I'll show you wonders
That will cause you great surprise,
And if gold is what you're seeking
You will open wide your eyes.
Drive away your Wall-street schemers,
With their coupons and their nerve —
Then, while you extend your commerce,
I'll expand your gold reserve.
You will find a magic city
On the shore of Behring strait,
Which shall be for you a station
To unload your Arctic freight,
Where the gold of Humboldt's vision
Has for countless ages lain,
Waiting for the hand of labor
And the Saxon's tireless brain.
You shall have a cool vacation,
Hunting for the great white bear,
And you'll soon forget Manila
And the trouble you've had there;
For, as in the morn of nations
Every highway led to Rome,
You and all your restless rivals
Will be sailing straight to Nome.
By Sam C. Dunham.
Sam C. 'Dunham.
(In the Nome News, October 21.)
£♦+♦ ♦♦»♦♦» ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦4 ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
♦ S* G* Skidmore & Co* |
♦ Cut-Rate
♦ Druggists
We give special attention to Prescriptions and
the selection of High Grade Bristle Goods.
f 151 THIRD STREET f
* ortland, Oregon ♦
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦»♦♦+»♦♦+♦♦ *+♦+
***^*****«^£*£***^#£££^*^^
CHRYSANTHEMUMS
CARNATIONS j»jw
ROSES and VIOLETS
Finest Quality
at Reasonable Pi ices.
CLARKE BROS.
259rioiTisonSt.
MENTION THE PACIr'IC MONTHLY.
School of Languages
LOUIS BACH,
521 MARQUAM BUILDING.
FRENCH
GERMAN
SPANISH
LATIN
Individual or Class Instruc-
tion, Day or Night.
TFRMS — $2.75 a month for one person,
one lesson of one hour a week; $1.50 each a
month for two or more persons.
ZM&Z4 1
...HAVE...
1
I CAMERAS *s KODAKS f
*£ Of all kinds, at the lowest cut-rates. *
9 Now is your time to get b
4f a Bargain. ^
$ 351 MORRISON ST. PORTLAND, OR. $
The Portland Sanitarium.
'DRIFT. f47
When the management of the famous Bat-
tle Creek Sanitarium, of Battle Creek, Mich.,
came to look over the held in the .Northwest
for a suitable location for a branch sanitarium,
it was but natural that Portland, Oregon,
should be selected. For it was in Portland
that all the elements necessary to successful
prosecution of the great work of a sanitarium
— delightful and salubrious climate, beautitul
and inspiring scenery, and a naturally healthy
location, made more so by a perfect water
supply — could be found in the most satisfac-
tory degree.
The wisdom shown in the choice of the city
in which to locate, however, has been ap-
proached, if not surpassed, by the selection
of the elegant residence and adjoining build-
ings of the Reed estate as the home of the
institution. The site occupies an entire block,
in an elevated portion of the city. The build-
ings are surrounded by beautiful lawns and
driveways, while the grounds present a pano-
rama of gorgeous flowers and clinging vines
twining from tree to tree or twisting into fan-
tastic shapes. Electric cars pass directly by
the buildings, communicating with every part
of the city.
That an institution of this kind was greatly
needed has been demonstrated by the results
of two or three years' practical work in the
city. Hundreds of invalids and those seeking
health have visited the institutions, and gone
home completely restored or well on the road
to health. The Portland Sanitarium is very
different from the ordinary city hospital. The
managers have had years of training and ex-
perience in caring for the sick; and the help,
especially the heads of departments, have come
directly from the Battle Creek Sanitarium, and
are thoroughly qualified to perform the duties
necessary to make the sanitarium complete.
Upon visiting the sanitarium, one would
scarcely realize that it was full of sick people.
The quiet, homelike surroundings, together
with its many other advantages, in the way
of special diet, electricity in the form of
galvanic, faradic, static, and sinusoidal, com-
bined with the electric-light bath, manual
Swedish movements, special massage, and sci-
entifically combined gymnastic exercises,
which necessarily encourage physical develop-
ment, make it a first-class institution for the
care of the sick. It is the aim of the manage-
ment to provide comfortable accommodations
for all classes of people in delicate health.
Those suffering from chronic diseases who
cannot receive proper treatment at home, will
find the advantages offered at the sanitarium
such as will not only relieve their temporary
suffering, but will be the means of completely
restoring them to health. In fact, the sani-
tarium is a temporary residence, comfortable,
healthy and pleasant, where sick people may
spend a few weeks or months, accompanied
by members of their family, if necessary, and
in pleasant social surroundings, and at the
same time receive special attention from expe-
IT IS A GENERALLY
RECOGNIZED
FACT
That the circulation of The Pacific
Monthly is very much larger than
that of any other monthly publi-
cation in the Northwest
This is true to such an extent that
The Pacific Monthly may lay claim
to a monoply of the field
Besides covering Portland thor-
oughly. The Pacific Monthly has a
large and growing circulation in
the cities and towns of Oregon,
Washington and Idaho
There is no better medium in this
field for the advertiser who wishes
to reach these States in an effec-
tive manner
WE GUARANTEE OUR CIRCULATION.
OUR RATES ARE REASONABLE.
j»
Address
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY,
Chamber of Commerce,
Portland, Or.
U8
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
rienced physicians and trained attendants. It
is not the object of the institution merely to
give temporary relief, but to remove the cause
of sickness, and thus restore patients to per-
fect and permanent health.
The sanitarium management has announced
that it has recently installed a Sanitarium
Health-Food Plant for the manufacture of a
full line of pure natural foods, such as Gra-
ham, Whole Wheat and Oatmeal Crackers;
Granose, Granola and Caramel-Cereal, with
Diabetic and Infant Foods, and hopes to supr
ply the people of Oregon, Washington, Brit-
ish Columbia, Alaska, and, in fact, all the
Northwestern territory, with perfectly fresh,
crisp, and toothsome health foods. The same
formulae and principles are used in their
manufacture as are employed by the Battle
Creek Sanitarium Health Food Company.
These foods have been developed through
years of hard labor and experiment.
One item which certainly is noteworthy is
that the Portland Sanitarium is not a money-
making concern. The founders are men and
women of philanthropic motives, whose sole
object is to uplift humanity, and to assist peo- .
pie to understand and obey all the laws of
health. Under no circumstances does any one
connected with the institution receive one
cent of dividend: all the earnings of the insti-
tution are used for' internal improvements, and
for helping and treating the worthy sick poor.
We most heartily recommend the sanitarium
to the readers of our magazine. Write them
for further information if you or any of your
friends are sick.
*
"The strongest illusion is that which we
call reality."
To C. C. C.
She waits by the golden gate for me,
And beyond is the sky and the boundless sea —
The changing, abiding, deep ocean of love,
With the sky of hope as the arch above.
I come, dear one, but the way is long,
And my only scrip is the lover's song
That springs in my heart and sings of thee
As I follow the path to the open sea.
I cross the mountains; I cross the plain;
And when I come to the hills again
I know that beyond I shall see the main,
And there, by the golden gate, at last
I shall find thee waiting, the journey past;
So I come, dear heart, but the way is long,
And the world heeds not my lover's song.
And the smile oft fades from the fickle sky,
And the birds to my voice give no reply;
But I struggle on to the sea of love,
With the sky of hope as the arch above;
I struggle on to the golden gate
For the west wind whispers, "I wait, I wait."
w. w. w.
LAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA4
! GROCERIES!
♦
♦
t
♦
♦
♦
♦
t
♦
X
RETAIL at WHOLESALE
.. PRICES .. t
AT
RICHET CO.
l
Front and Washington Sts.,
Nos. 112 and 114,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Send for Price List.
i
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ *
JOLLS
JOI/I^S has the finest possible
selection of boxes for Christmas
trade ... The daintiest present
that you can make is two pounds
of JOI^I^S delicious and popular
Chocolates in one of these beau-
tiful boxes. JOU/S Chocolates
are the recognised standard
here for freshness and purity.
Free Delivery.
Tel. North J5J.
Vienna cModel bakery
BR AN DES BROS. , Prop's.
390 MORRISON STREET.
Choice Bread
Pastry and
Fancy Cakes.
SCIENTIFIC MASSEUR J> J-
cncute and Chronic Rheumatic Affections,
Nervous Diseases and Obesity successfully treat-
ed by Electricity, Massage, Dry Hot Air, and
Vapor 'Baths,
Phones —
Office, Black 2857.
Residence, Black 691.
N. F. MELEEN, M G.
Office, 3J8-3J9 Marquam Bldg.
THE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—A D VER TISING SECTION. vii
******************************** ***l*************************$
Inman, Poulsen & Co.
Wholesale
LUMBER "DEALERS
OFFICE AND MILLS:
RIVER FRONT, FOOT OF E. CARUTHERS ST.,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
ti
i
ffi'fi'^^«&^"«£^«£' (S«S^£^S^S^&lS^S^<»^fi' <mm'&&m&^&^^'mm • <t ^^-^jg-^^-
Downing, Hopkins & Co.
♦♦♦ BROKERS #♦♦
Chicago New York
Board of Trade. Stock Exchange.
Continuous market quotations at principal centers of trade received
over our own wires. Branch offices at Seattle, Tacoma, Spokane,
Walla Walla, Colfax, Wash., Vancouver and Victoria, B. C.
CORRESPONDENCE INVITED.
Head Office,
Ground Floor, Chamber of Commerce, Portland, Ore.
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦MM ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦ + ♦♦♦♦
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦j
To Chicago Without Change ! \
►♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦<
• • • 1 11 L* • • •
PORTLAND=CH ICAQO
SPECIAL
The only through train between Portland and
Chicago >*>* A solid vestibuled, modern train, per-
fect in every respect, with all the latest conven=
iences and luxuries <*£ The only up=to=date train
leaving Portland.
Leaves Portland at 8 P. M. daily,
going via O. R. & N., Oregon Short
Line, the Union Pacific and the
Northwestern Line.
For further particulars, enquire of
A. Q. BARKER,
QEN'L AQT., THE NORTHWESTERN LINE.
153 Third Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
^mBriranJpndrjL
COR. TWELFTH AND FLANDERS STS.
AH Orders Promptly Executed. Telephones — 851 Both Companies
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
Telephone 371...
105, 107, I07J THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
♦
♦
Pacific Export Lumber Co*
OREGON
PINE LUMBER
FOR EXPORT.
216 Chamber of Commerce,
'Portland, Ore.
♦
♦
♦
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
W.C. Noon Bag Co. f
INCORPORATED 1893.
Manufacturers and Importers of
Bags, Twines, Tents and Awnings,
Flags and Mining Hose.
BAG PRINTING
A SPECIALTY.
32-34 First St. North and 210-212-214-216 Couch St.
Portland, Oregon.
******************************
| EBONY BRUSHES, MIRRORS,
♦ COMBS for Ladies and Gents,
f FINE MANICURE GOODS,
» HIGH GRADE PERFUMES,
| SHAVING SETS.
J FRANK &{AU,
2 Portland Hotel Pharmacy, 6th & Morrison Sts.
* .:
^ WE HAVE THE BEST DYSPEPSIA CURE" EVEH MADE. *►
^*^ + *iT^^T'TTT*T-**TTTTTtT'TT'+i«
X
*********$ **********^****£££*£*£**£********«********£****£££*
DID YOU EVER THINK
that a man is known by the clothes he wears? It is true —
HE IS. A man cannot afford then to dress shabbily, carelessly,
or in poor taste — not when perfect fitting garments and perfect
style and the best goods are at his command at a very reason-
able price. If you want to take advantage of this fact come to our
store and let us talk it over with you. We are sure to suit you.
177 fourth street |. D. BOYER, Merchant Tailor,
Y. M. C. A. Building.
Oregon Phone
Clay 931.
Columbia
Phone 307.
3£llte printing Go.
ESTABLISHED IN 1887.
PRINTERS
PUBLISHERS
STEREOTYPERS
(Anything in the Printing linet from a card to a catalogue.
05 EIRST STREET,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PA CTFIC MONTHL Y—A D VER TISING SECTION. xi
A Word with Eastern Advertisers
The 'Pacific cNorthvjest is one of the best fields in the United States for judicious
advertising. The country is rich and prosperous, crops ne'ber fail, and the popula-
tion is steadily increasing, o%ing to the steady influx from less ■ favored regions.
Unquestionably a desirable field to reach.
THE FIELD IN WHITE IS THE FIELD OF THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
The Pacific Honthly
Coders this field exclusively. Others may dabble in it. The Pacific SWontbly covers it.
cAs for circulation, the Pacific SMonthly is one of the few magazines %>est of the Miss-
issippi that guarantees circulation. Our svjorn statement is as folloivs :
Average per month, during the last eight months
Highest single issue
Tvowest single issue
5435 copies.
6500 copies.
5000 copies.
->l ♦
■» !<■
Our rates are unusually low. It will pay any advertiser wishing .to reach this field
and the entire Pacific Coast at one and the same time, to drop us a
postal. Let us tell you more about it. We can make
it worth your while. Address
THE PACIFIC ^MONTHLY,
Chamber of Commerce, PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦MM MM ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
2 Overland Trains Daily 2
■THE-
♦ TA
YELLOWSTONE PARK \ DINING CAR LINE.
...When going to the...
BUFFALO HUMP MINING COUNTRY,
"tehE NORTHERN PACIFIC, £«- f
Direct service to the GOLD FIELDS of British Columbia,
via SPOKANE, WASH.
Tickets sold to all points
in the United States and Canada.
Telephone Main 244.
A. D. CHARLTON,
Assistant General Passenger Agent,
255 Morrison St., Cor. Third,
Portland, Oregon.
THE MAGNIFICENT SCENERY
OF
COLUMBIA RIVER
The most beautiful in the world, can best be seen
from the steamers "DAISES CITY" and
"REGULATOR" of the
44
REGULATOR LINE"
DO NOT MISS THIS.
Steamers leave Portland, Oak St. Dock, 7 a. m., daily,
except Sunday, for The Dalles, Cascade Locks, Hood
River and way landings.
C. G. THAYER, AGT.,
Oak St. Dock, Portland.
(Phone 914.)
W. C. ALLAWAY,
Gen. Agt.,
The Dalles, Or.
Ore— "PHONES 734— Col.
J>
Model Laundry Company
308 MADISON STREET,
Between Fifth and Sixth
PORTLAND,
OREGON
RIO GRANDE WESTERN RAILWAY.
THE ONLY LINE
—OFFERING-
TWO Routes from Portland.
THREE Routes through Colorado.
FOUR Routes east thereof.
The Grandest Mountain Scenery in America
by daylight.
Personally conducted tourist excursions
through to the east without change of cars.
Free Reclining Chair Cars in all trains.
New and Elegant Equipment.
Perfect Dining Car Service.
STOPOVER IN UTAH OR COLORADO
GRANTED ON AXL CLASSES OF TICKETS
No trouble to answer questions.
M.J.ROCHE, J. D. MANSFIELD
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent
253 Washington St., Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
■
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Columbia River & Puget Sound Navigation Co.
Portland and Astoria
•teamen Telephone or Bailey Gatrert leave foot Alder
Street dally (except Sunday), 7 A. M.
Leare Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
U. B. SCOTT, President
1
WINTER SCHEDUI,E- Daily.
Train No. 22 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 11:30 a. m.
Train No. 24 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at 10:30 p. m.
Return
Train No. 21 leaves Astoria at 7:45 a m., arrives in
Portland at 11:15 a ra-
Train No. 23 leaves Astoria at 6:10 p. m., and arrives
in Portland at 9:40 p. m.
Train No. 22 rutis through to Seaside, leaving Sea-
side on the return ai 2:30 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia River R. R. Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:00 p. m.f arriving at
Astoria at 11:30 a. m. and 10:30 p m. Leaving for Sea-
side at 11:35 a- m-
[AST ) * SOUTHERN
- ( via PACIFIC
* COMPANY
LEAVE Depot, Fifth and I Sts. ARRIVE
* 8 30 a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
X 7 30 a.m.
t 450p.m.
OVERLAND EX--)
PRESS, for Salem, I
Roseburg, Ashland, [
Sacramento, Ogden, {
San Franc'.sco, Mo- f
jave, Los Angeles, El
Paso, New Orleans
.and the East. j
Roseburg Passenger. . . .
(Via Woodburn for")
Mt. Angel, Silverton ,
West Scio, Browns- y
ville, Springfield I
(.and Natron. J
Corvallis Passenger
Indepe dence Pass'ng'r
Daily
except
Sunday.
I 550 p.m.
X 8 25 a. m.
* Daily, t Daily except Sunday.
Direct connection at San Franci-co with Occi-
dental and Oriental and' Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND CHINA. Sailing dates
on application.
Rates and tickets to eastern points and Eu-
rope, also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA, can be obtained from J. B.
KIRKLANQ, Ticket Agent, 134 Third St.
Yamhill Division: — Passenger Depot foot of
Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a. m.;
12:30, 1:55, 3:25, 5:15, 6:25, 8:05, 11:30 p. m., and 9:00
a. m. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland
daily at 6:35*, 8:30, 10:50* a. m; 1:35, 3:15, 4:30, 6:20,
7:40, 9:15 p. m.; 12:40 a. m. daily except Monday
and 10:05 a- m- o» Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, exeept Sunday, at
4:30 p. m. Arrive at Portland at 9:30 a. m.
Leave for Airlie Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays at 8:35 a. m. Arrive at Portland Tues-
days, Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
* Except Sunday
R. KOEHLER, C. H. MARKHAM,
Manager. (Jen. F. & P. Agt.
GO EAST VIA
Oregon Short Line Railroad
THE DIRKCT ROUTE TO
Montana, Utah, Colorado
and all Eastern and Southern Points.
Aff or dingr choice of two routes, via the UNION
PACIFIC Fast Mail Line or the RIO
GRANDE Scenic Lines through Colorado.
LOOK AT THE TIME
14 DAYS TO SALT LAKE
24 DAYS TO DENVER
34 DAYS TO CHICAGO
44 DAYS TO NEW YORK
Free Reclining Chair Cars, Upholstered Tour-
ist Sleeping Cars, and Pullman Palace Sleep-
ers operated on all trains.
For further '.nformation, apply to
C. O. TERRY, W. E. COMAN,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent
134 Third St., Portland, Or.
0. R. & N.
Fast Mail
8:00 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
3:45 p. m.
8:00 p. m.
8:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
Saturday
6:00 a. m.
Ex.Sunday
7:00 a. m.
Tues.Thur
and Sat.
6:00 a. m.
Tues.Thur
and Sat.
Lv.Riparia
1:20 a. m.
Daily
TIME SCHEDULES
FROM PORTLAND.
Salt Lake, Denver, Ft,
Worih, Omaha, Kan-
sas City, St. Louis,
Chicago and East.
Walla Walli, Spokane,
Minneapolis, St. Paul,
Duluth, Milwaukee,
Chicago and East.
Ocean Steamships.
All sailing dates subject
to change.
For San Francisco —
Sail every five days.
Col intibia River
St' atners.
To Astoria and Way
Landings.
• Willamette River.
Oregon City, Newberg,
Salem & Way Landings
Willamette and
Yamhill Rivers.
Oregon City, Dayton
and Way Landings.
Willamette River.
Portland to Corvallis
and Way Landings.
Snake River.
Riparia to Lewiston.
Fast Mail
6:45 P- Jn.
Spokane
Flyer
8:00 a. m.
4:00 p. m.
4:00 p. m.
Ex.Sunday
4:30 p. m.
Ex.Sunday
3:30 p. m.
Mon. Wed.
and Fri.
4:30 p: m.
Tues.Thur
and Sat.
Leave
Lewiston
Daily
8:30 a. m.
V. A. SCHILLING. W. H. HURLBURT,
City Ticket Agt., Gen'l. Pass. Agt.,
254 Washington St., Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly .
XIV
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
***#*************************<!
The Right Road #
m
$
i
Is the Great Rock Island
Route. J> J> J> J>
Dining car service the
§> best, elegant equipment,
and fast service J> J> J>
For further information
address
t
A. E. COOPER, General Agent,
Pass. Dept.
246 Washington Street,
% PORTLAND, jft OREGON.
THE "North-Western Limited" trains,
electric lighted throughout, both inside
and out, and steam heated, are, -with-
out exception, the finest trains in the world.
They embody the latest, newest and best
ideas for comfort, convenience and luxury
ever offered the traveling public, and al-
together are the most complete and splen-
did production of the Car Builders' art.
THESE SPLENDID TRAINS
CONNECT WITH
The Great Northern
The Northern Pacific and
The Canadian Pacific
AT ST. PAUL, FOR
CHiCAGO and the EAST.
No extra charge for these superior accommo-
dations and all classes of tickets are available for
passage on the famous" North-western Limited."
All trains on this line areprotected by the Inter-
locking Block system.
W. H. MEAD,
GEN'L AGENT,
The Norh-Wesern Line
PORTLAND, OR.
Ill Competition
^pic£o^v
As regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
The Favorite Transcontinental rfautc Between
the Northwest and all Points East
Choice of Two Routes Through the FAMOUS
^^ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY
And Four Routes Bast of Pueblo*and Denver
All Passengers granted a day stop-over in
the Mormon Capitol or anywhere between
Ogden and Denver. Personally conducted
Tourist Excursions three days a week to
OMAHA, KANSAS CITY, ST. LOUIS,
CHICAGO and the EAST.
For Ticket* and any Information regarding Kates,
Routes, etc., or for Descriptive Advertising Matter,
call on Agents of Oregon Railway & Navigation
Co. Oregon Short Line or Southern Pacific
Companies.
S. K. HOOPER, R. C. NICHOL,
Gen . Pass. & Ticket Agt. Gen. Agt ., 351 Wash SI
DENVER, COL. PORTLAND, ORC
JUST THINK!
3# days with no change to Chicago
4.^ days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN!
Trains are Illuminated by Plntsch Cas,
run Into Union Depots, and Baggage
Is checked through to Destination.
Lowest Rates.
For Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
J. H. Lothrop, C E. Brown,
General Agent. Dist. Pass. Agent.
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
Do You Like .* ^ ^
A Luxurious Meal?
"TIGER BRAND"
Pure Spices
"OUR BEST"
Roasted Coffee
"KUSALANA"
Ceylon Tea
...cAre Items*.*
«£«£*£ which wilt aid materially «£%£«£
ASK YOUR GROCER FOR
... THEM ...
THE FIRST TIME YOU SEE HIM.
cManufadttred and
Sold by J> J* <*
CORBITT & MACLEAY CO.
Portland, Oregon*
j
COLDEN WEST f DEVERS' BLEND
Baking Powder 5 COFFEE
*** 5 The World's Finest.
HONEST POWDER 5
Jt
h HONEST PRICE 5
J To insure getting the genuine,
«* buy in sealed packages
Not Made by a Trust. 5 only.
jf
CLOSSET & DEVERS.
RUSSELL & CO.
A. H. AVERILL,
MANUFACTURERS OF
High Grade,
Engines, Boilers,
Saw Mills,
Threshers...
Estimates furnished on Stearn Plants of all Sizes and for
any purpose. Write for Catalogues.
RUSSELL & CO., - Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our adver titer t, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
CARRIES A FUIX UNE OF
MOTORS from One-half Horse Power Up pip^f^jfr CimnllVc
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kinds JL-rfl^wLI 1^ *^14|J|J11V^
of Machinery. _.- =
ARC and INCANDESCENT LIGHTING. <rw*
Electric and Bell Wiring a Specialty. SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
COR. SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
GOODYEAR RUBBER COMPANY.
We carry in stock a complete assortment of RUBBER GOODS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
ANY STYLE. ANY SIZE. ANY QUANTITY.
MACKINTOSHES A JK^ BOOTS AND SHOES
Crack Proof... j \M S5*& "GOLD SEAL'*
.Aug Proof /I v|| & BELTING
RUBBER S> PACKING
BOOTS \ nfl Vm W* AND HOSE
Druggists' WJP Rubber
Rubber »»V and Oil
Goods **fe m Clothing
R. H. PEASE, Vice-President and Manager,
73 and 75 FIRST STREET, j* PORTLAND, OREGON.
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦?♦♦♦?♦?♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦<♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
I WISDOM'S ROBERTINE
i
Is a hygienic preparation for the skin. It BEAUTIFIES
and PRESERVES the COMPLEXION.
It removes Blotches, Pimples, Tan, Sunburn, Freckles,
and all other Blemishes, and MAKES A BEAUTIFUL
COMPLEXION.
It also makes Pearly Teeth, a Sweet Stomach and a
Pure Breath.
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦»♦'♦♦♦♦»■♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦»♦»♦»♦♦♦♦♦»»♦♦»♦♦♦ »♦♦♦»♦♦♦#§
Read "OUR TALKS WITH THE PUBLIC" on next page.
The Pacific Monthly.
(The entire contents of this Magazine are covered by the general copyright, and articles must not be reprinted
without special permission.)
CONTENTS FOR FEBRUARY, J900.
The Shadow on Mount Hood frontispiece
The Sphinx of English Literature George MeMn 151
Her Answer (Poem) Florence May Wright 154
A Brave Defense; a Story of Pioneer Days in
Oregon Captain Harry L. Wells 155
The Bonfire on the Beach (Poem) Will J. Meredith 157
Terror on a Mountain Top George M. Miller 158
The Indian "Arabian Nights" H. S. Lyman 162
The Story of Celiast.
The Man Prevails (Poem) H. S. Lyman 163
Elise; a Sequel to "The Voice of the Silence" 164
Chapter II.
And This is All (Poem) Lischen M. Miller 166
Itoca's Story .Lischen M. Miller 167
Light of Our Swift Flight (Poem) Valentine Bro<wn 169
A Bovine Gladiator (Story) P. C. Levar 170
In Memory of our Dead Soldier Boys Chas. K. Burnside 173
DEPARTMENTS:
OUR POINT OF VIEW (Editorial) 174
MEN AND WOMEN 176
The Woman Who Stands Alone (Poem) cAdonen 177
THE HOME 178
Some Things People Say About It.
Interchange (Poem) Belle W. Cooke 179
BOOKS 180
Unspoken (Poem) C H. Sholes 182
THE IDLER— A Study Loris €M. Johnson 183
QUESTIONS OF THE DAY—
America's Feeling Towards England Clarence Tian-vers J 84
A Sonnet Edith SM. Church 185
Winter on Puget Sound (Poem) Bernice E. Ne<=voelt 185
THE MONTH 186
In Politics, Science, Literature, Art, Education, and
Religious Thought, with Leading Events.
THE FINANCIAL WORLD 190
CHESS 192
DRIFT—
Sudden Light. Ifyssetti 194
There is no Death Buliuer Lytton 195
The Life of a Boer Girl Ladies' Home Journal 195
The Sleep (Poem) SM. L. "ban Vorst 195
If We Didn't Have to Eat (Poem) Nixon Waterman 196
Terms:— $i.oo a year in advance; 10 cents a copy. >Subscribers should remit to us in P. O. or express
money-orders, or in bank checks, drafts, or registered letters.
Agents for The Pacific Monthly are wanted in every locality, and the publishers offer unusual in-
ducements to first-class agents. Write for our terms.
Manuscript sent to The Pacific Monthly will not be returned after publication unless definite in-
structions to that effect with stamps accompany letters enclosing manuscript.
Address all correspondence, of whatever nature, to
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. CO.,
Chamber of Commerce, PORTLAND, OREGON.
Copyrighted 1900 by William Bittle Wells.
Entered at the Postoffice at Portland, Oregon, as second-class matter.
The publishers of The Pacific Monthly will esteem it a favor if readers of the Magazine will kindly
mention The Pacific Monthly when dealing with our advertisers.
The Ellis Punting Co.. 105 First St.. Portland, Or.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Our Talks with the Public
READ, PONDER AND CONSIDER
III.
The Pacific Monthly b^gan last month a series of "Twelve Talks with the Public
on Advertising." The publishers have been led to adopt this course because they
believe that advertising is an art that is appreciated by the advertiser himself, but'
as a rule, given too little thought or consideration by the general public. This
condition of affairs, however, has been undergoing a rapid change during the past
few years. The Pacific Monthly wishes, in relation to itself at least, to hasten^the
process — hence these talks.
JJJ HE advertising pages of a magazine are considered by some
people simply as a "necessary evil." If the advertising
attracts their attention, it has been the result of curiosity
more than of anything else. But such people, behind the times
in regard to advertising, are usually behind the times in re-
gard to everything else.
One of the most important, and, to the wide-awake person,
necessary features of our periodicals is the advertising section.
It is there that he finds direct messages from the advertisers,
— appeals to his self-interest and to his sense of economy, and
the latest improvements in the industrial world — a literary
exposition, as it were, of the necessities, luxuries and con-
veniences of the day. This fact is being more and more rec-
ognized by the thoughtful public, until now messages from the
business world, as represented in the advertising pages, at-
tract almost as much attention as the literary part Jof the
magazine.
Look over our "ads" and if you see something that you
want, get it— and mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
A List of the Firms which make their
ANNOUNCEMENTS in THE PACIFIC MONTHLY
ALLESINA, JOHN— Umbrellas.
AMERICAN LAUNDRY.
ASTORIA & COLUMBIA RIVER R. R.
BUFFUM & PENDLETON — Hatters
and Furnishers.
BARNES MARKET CO.— Butter, Oys-
ters, Game, Fruit, Etc.
BLUMAUER - FRANK DRUG CO.—
Wholesale Druggists.
BLUE MOUNTAIN ICE & FUEL CO.
BOERICKE & RUNYON— Willamette
Corn Cure.
CLARKE BROS.— Florists.
CLOSSET & DEVERS— Coffee, Golden
West Baking Powder.
CORBITT & MACLEAY Co.— Kusa-
lana Tea.
COLUMBIA TELEPHONE CO.
COAST AGENCY CO.— Typewriters,
Etc.
DOWNING, HOPKINS & CO.— Brokers
DENVER & RIO GRANDE R. R.
ELLIS PRINTING CO.
EMMONS, A. C. & R. W— Attorneys-
at-Law.
FIRST NATIONAL BANK.
GOODYEAR RUBBER CO.
GODDARD, E. C. & CO.— Shoes.
GLISAN, R. L— Attorney-at-Law.
GILL, J. K. CO.— Booksellers.
GREAT ROCK ISLAND ROUTE.
HOLMAN, EDWARD— Fur eral Direc-
tor.
HOME INSURANCE CO.
INMAN, POULSEN & CO —Lumber.
JOLLS — Chocolates.
JONES' BOOK STORE.
KRANER & KRAMER— Tailors.
LADD & TILTON— Bankers.
LIBRARY ASSOCIATION.
MASSACHUSETTS MUTUAL RENE
FIT LIFE INS. CO.— H C. Colton,
General Agent for Or- gon.
MELEEN, N. F. — Scientific Masseur.
MITCHELL & TANNER— Attorneys-
at-Law.
MODEL LAUNDRY.
MUTUAL BENEFIT LIFE INS. CO.
NATURAL HEN INCUBATOR CO.,
Columbus, Neb.
NOON, W. C. BAG CO.
NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
NORTHWESTERN LINE.
OREGON RAILWAY & NAVIGATION
CO.
OREGON SHORT LINE RAILROAD.
PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE
CO.
PATENT RECORD— Monthly Maga-
zine.
PORTLAND SANITARIUM.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC
CO.
PORTLAND WIRE & IRON WORKS.
PACIFIC MONTHLY.
RIO GRANDE WESTERN RAILWAY.
REGULATOR LINE.
RIPANS TABULES.
RUSSELL & CO.— Engines, Boilers,
Etc.
RICHET CO.— Grocers, Etc.
SKIDMORE, S. G. & CO.— Druggists.
SOUTHERN PACIFIC CO.
SMITH, W. G. & CO.— Card Engravers.
SILVERFIELD FUR MFG. CO.
TELEPHONE INDEX.
TITLE GUARANTEE & TRUST CO.
THOMSON, W. J. & CO.
UNION LAUNDRY.
UNITED TYPEWRITER & SUPPLIES
CO.
UNIQUE TAILORING CO.
UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD.
UNITED STATES NATIONAL BANK.
VICTOR J. EVANS— Patent Attorneys,
Washington, D. C.
VIENNA MODEL BAKERY.
WILLSON, H. B. & CO.— Patents.
WISDOM'S ROBERTINE.
WHITE COLLAR LINE.
WHITE STAMP AND SEAL CO
IV
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Use-
THE TELEPHONE INDEX
<A time saber for business men, and the only Index pub-
lished giving both Companies numbers.
PRICE, $2.00 PER YEAR.
For Advertising Space or Subscription, address
G. H. AYDELOTTE, '
No. 5 Raleigh Bldg., Portland, Ore.
Telephones
Oregon Main 816.
Columbia 238.
Perfect
Telephone
Service
CAN BE OBTAINED ONLY
...Through a Complete...
Metallic Circuit For each ■*■«*». «•»«>
— No Party Lines.
THE COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY
Alone has these Advantages.
OFFICES, 606-607 Oregonian Building, PORTLAND, OREGON.
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" The Rolicy Holders' Company "
THE NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
lit A Cash Surrender Value. 2d A Loan equal in amount to the Cash Value.
3d Extended Insurance for the Full amount of Policy, without the request of the Policy-bolder, or
4th A Paid-up Poller
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
727, 728 & Tig Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
BALL-Bearing Type-Bar Joints and Fixed
Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unimpair-
able Alignment, Lightest Key Action. The
Most Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work.
Carriage locks at end of line, protecting the
writing. Compact Shift Keyboard. Numer-
ous Handy Features. Address for full par-
ticulars,
United Typewriter Sc Supplies Co.
No. 232 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
Transact a General Banking Business
Special Attention Given to
Collections
FORTX^IVJD, OREGON
H. W. Corbett, President.
G. E. Withington, Cashier.
J. W. Newkirk, Asst. Cashier.
W. C. Alvord, 2d Asst. Cashier.
First National Bank
OF
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Corner First and Washington Streets.
Capital
Surplus,
$500,000.00.
650,000.00.
Designated Depositary, and Financial Agent,
United States.
Insure your property with the
Home Insurance Co*
♦~.0/*Ne<ry York
Cash Capital, $3,000,000.00.
The Great American Fire Insurance
Company.
Assets aggregating over $12,000,000.00, ALL
available for American Policy Holders.
J. D. COLEMAN, General Agent,
OHN H. BURGARD,
SPECIAL AGENT.
250 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OR.
334 ALOEH SI
C.w BOOST.-,
GRIU WORK TOR ELEVATOR EKCIOSUREJ
p9R71AND,0re§c
Wire and Iron Fencing,
Window Guards, Etc.
Tel. Black J96L
335 ALDER ST.
TQe Biumauer-Franlc Drug Go.
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
W. J. THOMSON & CO.
Pirst-class work in
******************************
ft
s
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
HALF TONES
ZINC ETCHING
DESIGNING
$ ENGRAVING
« 105^ First Street, Bet. Stark and Washington ft
J? Portland, Oregon 9
«*9999999999999999999999999999fr.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
vi THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
MORTGAGE LOANS
On Improved
Portland City Property
In sums from $500 to $500,000 at lefoest current interest rates,
k I A|^-|/"wr> Abstracted and Insured against
I I LICS Defect or Loss.
jfrUStS Administered with Skiil and Fidelity.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND TRUST CO.
FIND US IN OUR NEW OFFICES,
FOURTH STREET ENTRANCE
wm. m. ladd, president. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING,
J. THORBURN ROSS, Manager.
T. T. BURKHART. Asst. Secretary. PORTLAND, ORE.
4T»TT»TfMTTTTM»M»MMMMTTTTTTTT4MMTMTMM»MH'MM»TT»
I A way to
I Make Money
It is truly said that "a dollar saoed is a dollar earned."
If a dollar means anything to you, then uou should buy
$your life insurance from the Mutual Benefit
Life Insurance Go. of Netoark, N J. It is the
onlu Company that puts FOUR guarantees in the
policy, beginning toith the SECOND year. Send for
sample policy to
RICHARD H. PICKERING,
State Agent,
£ The Chambers, Oregon, idaho and Montana.
Third and Alder Sts., PORTLAND, OR.
MM M M M M M M M M M H ♦ M M M + M M* ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ M ♦ M ♦♦ M ♦ t ♦♦♦♦ t
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthlj .
On the north slope of Mount Hood, on the east slope of the most western
ridge, about half-way between the summit and the mountain's base, is to be
seen, when conditions favor, the largest and most perfect profile of a human
face in the world. It is the silhouette of an Indian chief, warlock and all,
and Nature herself is the artist. During the months of April and May, between
the hours of 1 P. M. and 3:30, this wonderful shadow picture is perfect in every
detail, each feature is clear-cut and distinct. As the sun sinks the shadow
gradually loses it character, and becomes a formless blur upon the soft whiteness
of the snowy slope.
The Pacific Monthly.
Vol. III.
JEBRUARY, t900.
ZKo. 4.
The Sphinx of English Literature.
<By GEORGE MELVIN.
FOR near three hundred years it has
been read and studied, acted and
discussed, and yet is now and for-
ever new, is today as interesting, as ir-
resistible . in charm, as baffling and in-
comprehensible of meaning as when its
immortal author first gave it to the
Anglo-Saxon World.
Sublime in conception, masterly in ex-
ecution, it is Shakespeare's mystery-
play. In it he sounds all depths of mind
and emotion, compasses the downward
reach of mortality, and touches finger-
tips with stars.
There have been critics (I forbear to
name them here) who have worried un-
necessarily over the apparent want of
unity, who have grown old trying to
reconcile the seeming incongruities of
the play, trivial faults that cease to exist
when you cease to lo'ok for them. This
masterpiece of the world's great master
of truth and poetry must be regarded
from a comprehensive point of view. If
you so regard it, you will find the unities
not sacrificed but made subservient to
the execution of a conception that soars
beyond the reach of rules. All attempts
to confine it to certain limits of time,
place and action are vain. Hamlet is not
to be gauged by common standards.
One critic says of the Danish prince,
and truly, I think: "Hamlet is a sort of
universal man; in him every individual
sees on some side a picture of himself;
each one bears away what he compre-
hends, and often thinks it is all."
And again: "Everybody reads into
Hamlet his own life experience and cul-
ture." In this, maybe, lies the secret of
the unfailing charm that draws and holds
in close, unconscious sympathy the world
of thinking, feeling, struggling humani-
ty, a poor, blind passion-cradled world,
toiling in the dark, yet ever groping
slowly, surely, toward the light.
And Hamlet — is he then a type of
many-sided human nature? If we could
but read deeper! The written word,
though it is full of meaning, and reveals
far intellectual reaches to him who leans
to look and listen, gives hint of other and
yet unsailed soundless seas of thought —
glimpses of unsealed heights in man's
moral and spiritual nature. "A sort of
universal man," this mystical, melancholy
prince upon whose every utterance we
hang breathless, who thrills us with the
truth he voices, and yet who makes us
feel that all we see and hear is as a star-
gleam through the dusk that hides a
world of constellations; who leaves us
unsatisfied, hungering to know what is
in that pregnant mind which words, mere
words, cannot convey.
Act I, scene 2, in the state chamber
at Elisnore, where the king and queen,
Laertes and the wordy Polonious, are
introduced, Hamlet's entrance marks the
real beginning of the play. Hamlet is
the play. From the first he is distin-
guished by an air of majestic sadness, of
unspeakable spiritual anguish. Like a
mantle it envelops him, and he moves,
a sombre, sentient shadow athwart the
glare and splendor of that riotous, wicked
court, the central figure in its hollow
pageantry, but not of it.
152
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
An unnatural calm characterizes his
demeanor toward the king, and there is
evident a forced gentleness in his replies
to the reproachful questioning of the
royal couple, through which breaks the
passion of despairing grief when the
queen, reproving him for so persistently
mourning the loss of his father, reminds
him that death is common to mortals,
and asks, with a touch of impatience:
"Why seems it so particular to thee?"
"Seems, madame! Nay, it is; I know not
seems."
But this outburst is brief. Though he
has that within which indeed "passeth
show," he controls his emotion, outward-
ly, at least, and listens with downcast
eyes and pale, immovable countenance
to the long and heartless harangue of the
king on the folly of indulging in this
"unmanly grief, this unprevailing woe,"
and his hypocritical assurances of friend-
ly interest and affection.
With a grace and a patience ineffably
touching he yields to his mother's prayer,
"Stay with us; go not to Wittenberg."
Torn by conflicting emotions, harassed
by doubts and fears and oppressed with
the loss of his kingly and virtuous par-
ent, he forgets not that this woman,
though she has by her unseemly haste,
in her uhholy union with her brother-in-
law, debased herself and outraged his
father's memory, is still his mother. To
her as his mother, he accords due obedi-
ence and respect. To his finely keyed
sensibilities, the very presence and
knowledge of the relationship must have
meant torture, but — she is his mother,
and in all seeming gentleness he yields.
And the king, incapable of understand-
ing a nature like Hamlet's, or compre-
hending the true cause and meaning of
the act, mistakes his princely submission
for tameness of spirit, and is pleased to
believe that he may also be induced to
cast his "nighted colour off." For Ham-
let's mourning garb and melancholy air
must have been a constant reproach to
him, reminders of the crime he wished
to forget.
"Why it is a loving and a fair reply,
****** Madam, come;
This gentle and unforced accord of Hamlet
Sits smiling to my heart."
And so he will with the queen away
to fitly evidence his delight with noise of
cannon, "respeaking earthly thunder."
When Hamlet is alone, his calmness
falls from him like a cloak cast back from
the shoulders, and he gives speech and
license to his troubled heart :
"O that this too, too solid flesh would melt,
Thaw and resolve itself into a dew!
Or that the Everlasting had not fix'd
His canon 'gainst self-slaughter! O God! O
God!
How weary, stale, flat and unprofitable
Seem to me all the uses of this world!"
But when Horatio and Marcelles en-
ter with Bernardo, he recovers his com-
posure sufficiently to greet his old friends
kindly, and to refute Horatio's self-dis-
paragement. The unaccustomed sight of
the face of one whom he can trust, of one
true friend in the corrupt and treacher-
ous court of Denmark, moves him deep-
ly. He makes no effort to conceal from
Horatio the shame and humiliation
which he suffers from his mother's in-
sult to the memory of the dead king.
"Would I had met my dearest foe in heaven
Ere ever I had seen that day, Horatio!
My father! Methinks I see my father!"
And Horatio, ffis mind full of the ap-
parition which he had beheld the night
before, is startled into believing for the
moment that Hamlet also sees that
ghostly visitant. Being assured that it
is only a mental vision, he leads up to
the subject which engrosses his thoughts,
and, at Hamlet's solicitation, gives an ac-
count of the fearful sight, witnessed in
company with Bernardo and Marcelles
"in the dead vast and middle of the
night." And Hamlet, easily enough con-
vinced that it is his father's spirit they
have seen, announces without hesitation
his* instant resolve to watch with them
and speak to it, "though hell itself should
gape," and bid him hold his peace.
It seems not to impress him as strange
or unnatural that his father's ghost
should walk in arms. He surmises that
"all is not well," and longs for the com-
ing of night that he may see and ques-
tion. Certain suspicions, premonitions
of the truth, are forcing themselves up
from the depths of his tumultuous and
grief-tortured soul.
Then follows the weird scene upon
the platform of the castle. The star-lit
THE SPHINX OF ENGLISH LITERATURE.
153
obscurity of midnight, "that dread hour
when ghosts are wont to walk," the ea-
ger nipping air, the breathless waiting,
the silence broken only by the hollow
moan of the sea washing the walls be-
neath, and the sound of distant revelry
which proclaims the feasting of the
guilty king within while without his vic-
tim revisits "the glimpses of the moon."
"Hamlet/' says a close student of this
problematic character, "was the fate-
chosen instrument of a mighty design,"
and attributes to weakness and evanes-
cence of purpose his failure to act ac-
cordingly. The unhappy prince recog-
nizes the end to which the finger of in-
exorable destiny points him, and bewails
his luckless lot.
"The time is out of joint, O cruel spite,
That ever I was born to set it right."
In his own great soul he doubts, while
trying not to doubt, his right to do this
thing which he has sworn to do. From
the grave his father comes to reveal the
crime that caused his "untimely taking
off," and to cry for vengeance. In the
horror of the moment Hamlet does not
hesitate to swear. All else sinks into ob-
livion in the lurid light of the ghostly
revelation. But in a nature so true and
deep this state of feeling cannot endure.
With the return of reason comes the
question, the one great question, which
to my mind constitutes the motive of the
play.
A murder has been committed, his
own father the victim. The murderer
usurps throne and honors and insults
the memory of the dead. Clearly, in the
eyes of those about him, the son
will be justified in avenging so
terrible a wrong. By all known
and accepted standards it is his
duty so to do. It is neither weakness
nor want of physical courage that deters
him. It is a dim recognition of a higher
law and a truer standard than those of
courts and kings and common clay. It
is the hitherto unheeded and unheard
voice of God speaking to his soul. He
thinks, believes, that he must slay his
guilty kinsman, yet feels that in this act
he will himself commit a crime as ter-
rible as that which he seeks to punish.
From the first, struggle as he will, he
cannot "reconcile his oath to the mur-
dered king with his fealty to heaven.
He hears continually the divinely awful
"Vengeance is Mine" thundered in the
deeps of his soul — a tempest which hu-
man reasoning cannot still.
Withheld by this inner prompting from
instant execution of his oath, he seeks in
every possible way to satisfy his own
conscience by some tangible proof of the
king's guilt. He will be sure that he is
serving human justice. His lofty spirit
will not stoop to mere revenge. The ar-
rival of the players at Elisnore suggests
to him a plan whereby he can test the
truth of the ghost's accusation.
"I'll have these players
Play something like the murder of my father
Before mine uncle; I'll observe his looks;
I'll tent him to the quick; if he but blench,
I know my course. The spirit I have seen
May be the devil, and the devil hath power
T' assume a pleasing shape; yea, and perhaps,
Out of my weakness and my melancholy,
As he is very potent with such spirits,
Abuses to damn me. I'll have grounds
More relative than this: the play's the thing
Wherein I'll catch the conscience of the king."
But when the play is over, when he
can congratulate himself upon the suc-
cess of his artifice, and is convinced of
his uncle's guilt, he still hesitates. His
responsibility to God outweighs his ob-
ligation to the dead. Though he will not
acknowledge it even to himself, the thing
he would do is murder, and the moral
force within forbids him to commit a
crime. He does not understand, or if at
all, but vaguely. He chafes at the re-
straint which his own great soul imposes,
and deems himself a coward, incapable
of action. Opportunties offer but he
lets them pass, and curses his indecision.
With every hour the perplexity of his
position deepens. The very forces of his
being are at war. He would and he
would not act. In the one case, though
he is but dimly conscious of this, he
will transgress divine law and imperil
his soul, in the i other prove false to his
vow — a craven coward in the sight of
men. Driven to 'desperation, his agon-
ized mind pp.nders the dark question of
self-destru'ction. Involved in the unut-
terable madness of grief and passion, he
catches ' blindly • at this faint, ghastly
glda/fri^' ",Q fpij, light! The one outspoken
prayer of Hamlet is for light, more light.
In this maelstrom of moral anguish
154
THE 'PACIFIC MONTHLY.
and doubt there is no room for tender
sentiment. Romance, love, sweet dreams
— these are broken and engulfed in the
night of mad emotion. Ophelia! To
think of her has become a sacrilege. She
is too pure and fragile to withstand the
volcanic fury of his burning heart. Sweet
and delicate as a flower, she withers at
the first rude breath. Had she been
stronger, "a perfect woman nobly
planned," the conclusion of Hamlet's life
story might have read far otherwise-
Ophelia is not of the sisterhood who
"understand." She shrinks, crushed and
hurt, from the madness she might have
helped to cure. It is her misfortune, not
her fault, that she fails him in his hour
of need.
"Did Hamlet love her?" Yes; as we
love any fair, sweet thing, but not as a
man loves the women who sways his life;
not as he could have loved. And in the
rush of events he forgets her utterly, for
a time.
And still the conflict rages — till at last
he ceases to listen to the voice within.
Discovering the king's plot against his
life, he, too, stoops to treachery, and
sends the guilty instruments to their own
unconscious destruction. By this one
act he ceases to stand part, or above the
common humanity of his day and age.
He descends, to become a drop in the
vast, surging sea of human wretched-
ness; and for such a sinner there is no
return. His very greatness insures his
ultimate ruin. It is another fall of man.
A very able student of Shakespeare
dates the turning point in the play from
the death of Polonius. I cannot agree
with him, because, in the first place, that
act was not the result of deliberate pur-
pose, and, in the second, it was instantly
deplored and repented. The real begin-
ning of the end is when he loses his hold
upon Divine Goodness, and drifts upon
the rocks of fatalism. Just how this
comes about, or when, it is difficult to
determine with exactness, but that it did
occur is evidenced in the crafty ven-
geance which he inflicts upon Guilden-
stern and Rosencrantz. And that it broke
up the strong fastness of his soul, numbed
his spiritual faculties, and hurled into
choas the moral consciousness hitherto
so active he gives verbal proof in his
admission to Horatio. The first outward
manifestation of the change within is, as
I have said, the trick whereby he turns
the tide of fate and sends his jailors to
the doom prepared for himself. What
follows is the inevitable result of thai
act, in which he seals the death warrant
of his soul and falls headlong from the
sublime heights of moral righteousness
to the uttermost depths of human night.
"And a man's life's no more than to
say one." This play of Hamlet goes be-
yond mere life — it lays hold upon the
things that are before and after.
Her Answer.
With glowing words you bring your heart
to me,
And lay it at my feet; and from the springs
Of love and longing in its depths, it brings
Tears to my eyes, where smiles are wont to be.
You say you love me; and you beg to know
If in my heart there is an answering flame —
If my calm pulses quicken at a name —
Or if one footstep sets my cheek aglow. •>
Are these the signs of love? I cannot tell.
I am not sure I love you; yet I know
That footstep and that name are dear, and so
I dare not say: "I love you not." Ah, well!
In love's uncertainty, I can but say.
If love be absent, 'tis not far away!
Florence May Wright.
A Brave Defense.
A Story of Pioneer Days in Oregon.
By CAPTAIN HARRY L. WELLS.
IT WAS a beautiful morning in Octo-
• ber; pretty Mrs. Harris, as she went
singing about her household duties,
occasionally glanced out of the window
at her two children playing stage-coach
on the rail fence of the corral about the
barn, or stepped to the open door to
drink in the invigorating air. Never, to
her eyes, had the lovely valley of the
Rogue River looked more charming.
For miles the valley extended in gentle
undulations, dotted thickly with little
clumps of moss-grown oaks, gently ris-
ing towards the horizon in slopes of
brilliant green to the summit of the Cas-
cade mountains, above which Mount Pitt
thrust his white head, crowned with eter-
nal snow. A little to the left, in the
middle ground, the huge basaltic mass
of Table Rock rose abruptly from the
valley, the river flowing around its base
with a noisy rush that spoke of a rocky
channel and an impetuous haste to reach
the sea.
Mr. and Mrs. Harris had crossed the
plains to Oregon in 1852, with one of the
great emigrant trains that toiled wearily
over sandy wastes, alkali deserts, rugged
mountains and turbulent rivers, had es-
caped the dangers from Indians, from
accidents, from starvation and from
cholera, which claimed so many victims
that fated year, and had finally settled
in this beautiful and fertile valley of the
Rogue River. The foothills and moun-
tains to the south were then the scene o*
feverish activity. Gold hunters, who
had worked their way north from Cali-
fornia the year before and discovered
good "diggings" in the Siskiyous, to-led
with pick and pan and, as miners must
eat in order to live and work, there was a
demand for food at such high prices that
a man with a family, like Mr. Harris, was
more certain of digging wealth from the
ground in the form of potatoes than in
the shape of gold dust. Besides this,
he had gone to Oregon to make a home.
So the Harrises had settled upon a fer-
tile tract, and erected a substantial house
of logs, with two rooms below and an
attic above, the whole roofed with long
shakes riven from the white cedar so
plentiful in that region. A barn and
several other outbuildings of shakes, a
corral for the horses, and a spring .of
soft water near the house completed this
pioneer home, around which were tin-
fenced fields cultivated to grain and veg-
etables. Cattle roamed at will and
grazed upon the free grass of the valley
or slaked their thirst in the cold waters
of the river.
Three years had passed since they first
settled in the valley, and every year there
had been trouble with the Indians, whose
headquarters were in a lovely valley in
the rear of Table Rock. That mass of
basalt, from whose top and precipitous
sides the elements had long since washed
every particle of earth, was known to the
Indians as Council Rock, and from time
immemorial had been a landmark and a
treaty ground for the tribes of that re-
gion. Only two years before, General
Joe Lane, "the Marion of the Mexican
war," had there concluded a treaty with
them, after severely whipping them in
battle. Yet the settlers never looked at
the barren walls of that mighty rock
without thinking of the savages who
lived behind it, and were a constant
threat of danger. Some premonitory
thought of this passed through the mind
of Mrs. Harris, as she stood at the door
of her cabin, and feasted her eyes upon
the landscape, on this ninth day of Octo-
ber, 1855.
It was nine o'clock. Her husband was
working in the field back of the barn,
and Reed, the hired man, was at the
farther end of this field. Little Mary,
aged three, and David, aged ten, had
tired of playing stage-coach on the rail
156
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
fence. Mary had gone around to the
front of the house to show her mother a
pretty snail-shell she had found, and
David had gone down the road a few
hundred yards to count the speckled
eggs in a quail's nest, discovered in the
bushes a few days before. At this mo-
ment Mrs. Harris heard a shout, and,
looking up, saw her husband running
towards the house at the top of his
speed, pursued by a band of Indians.
They had killed Reed at the farther end
of the field, but had been discovered by
Mr. Harris before they reached him,
stealing along from one clump of bushes
to another. He dropped his hoe and
ran for the cabin, determined to defend
the lives of his family from behind its
protecting walls. Just before he reached
the door the Indians fired upon him and
he was mortally wounded in the breast,
but with the help of his wife he succeed-
ed in getting inside and fastening the
door with a heavy wooden bar used as a
lock by the pioneers.
"Ellen," he said, "you have been a
good wife to me, and if you live will be
a good mother to our children. As for
me, I am helpless to defend you. It is
your duty to do what you can to defend
yourself and our little Mary. Leave me
to die, and trust David in the hands of
God. Go up stairs and get the two guns
and the pistols and all the ammunition
we have, and bring them down here and
fight for your life and that of our little
girl, and God bless you both."
It was then that this woman proved
herself worthy of the name of pioneer.
Her home surrounded by yelling sav-
ages; her husband dying, and her little
son at the mercy of the cruel foe, she
yet had strength and courage to defend
herself and child, and prepared to sell her
life as dearly as possible.
She knew the use of firearms, and,
obedient to her husband's last command,
brought her little arsenal and laid it
ready to hand upon the kitchen table.
With desperate energy she loaded the
weapons alternately and discharged them
through the chinks between the logs of
the cabin walls. The Indians kept up
an' incessant firing, and in a few minutes
little Mary w'as wounded in the arm. The
terrified child crawled up into the attic,
where she remained till the fight was
over.
The mother dared not take time either
to bind her daughter's wound or to min-
ister to her dying husband, whose lamp
of life went out quietly while she was
shooting at the savage forms without,
first on one side of the house and then
on the other. If she thought of her miss-
ing boy it was only to commend him to
God for protection. The frequency and
steadiness of the fire doubtless deceived
the Indians, and led them to believe that
Mr. Harris was still alive. They dared
not approach the house near enough to
set it on fire, and, after keeping up a
skulking fight for several hours, they
burned all the outbuildings and went
away, afraid of being caught by some
relief party from the settlements.
The fate of little David was a sad one.
When he heard the shooting and saw
the savages around the house, he knew
he could not get in, and that he would
be killed if seen. He was a sturdy little
soul, as the boys of the pioneers were
wont to be, and he conceived the idea of
going down the road about four miles to
the house of Mr. Wagner, the nearest
neighbor, and getting help for his father
and mother. Poor little fellow! He
knew not that the Wagner house was al-
ready in ashes, and that Mrs. . Wagner
had been burned alive within it. On he
trudged manfully, crying, to be sure, but
none the less full of youthful courage and
determination. But it was all in vain.
He soon fell into the clutches of the band
that had burned out the Wagners, and
was hurried off towards the mountains,
the Indians fearing pursuit from the sol-
diers at the fort and the miners and set-
tlers farther up the valley. His little,
legs soon became tired, and, as he was
too much of a burden to be carried, he
was killed and thrown into a canyon,
where his bones lie to the present day.
When the Indians withdrew to save
their skins, Mrs. Harris bound up the
woUnded arm of the frightened child in
the attic, and, leaving a kiss upon her
husband's cold brow, slipped stealthily
out of the house with Mary, and went'
to a clump of willows near the road,
where the two lay in concealment during ,
the remainder of the day and all the long
THE 'BONFIRE ON THE 'BEACH.
157
and chilly night, a constant prey to fear
from the wild animals they dreaded less
than the savage men. Several bands of
Indians passed their hiding-place, but all
were in a hurry to get away, and neither
discovered them nor molested the desert-
ed cabin. In the morning Major Fitz-
gerald rode up with a company of dra-
goons from P'ort Lane, and the two fugi-
tives came out from their hiding-place.
Some volunteers also came, and buried
the dead father and took the mother and
daughter to Jacksonville for safety.
For six months, war raged with the
Indians through the mountains of South-
ern Oregon. Two regiments of volun-
teers and nearly a regiment of regular
soldiers fought them in many battles, and
finally conquered them and removed
them to a distant reservation. During
all that time, and for several years there-
after, the brave Mrs. Harris was in an
agony of doubt as to the fate of little
David. She knew not whether he had
been carried off by the Indians, as so
many other pioneer boys and girls have
been, or whether he had been killed.
Finally she abandoned all hope, and
many years later an old savage on the
reservation told of the resting-place of
the brave lad's bones at the bottom of a
dark canyon.
The Bonfire on the Beach.
Cheerily blazed the driftwood fire
In a hollow of the snowy sand;
Around it sat, chance-gathered there,
From widely sundered shores, a band
Of jovial spirits, met to pass
An hour in social merriment;
The encroaching darkness 'round them closed
Its curtains like an ebon tent.
The kindly jest, the joyous laugh,
The ballad and the chorus strong,
Each other followed merrily,
And then again the tale and song.
The pungent odor of the smoke,
The chilly night wind as it blew
But gave to all a keener zest,
And closer still the circle drew.
The simple cheer, the homely food,
Rudely prepared and eaten then,
Seemed Epicurean luxuries
Beyond the usual fare of men —
A banquet-board and hearthstone bright
To those who, strangers heretofore,
In broken bread and open heart,
Found friendship on that lonely shore.
The old-time friends grew dearer still
As passed the happy hour away,
Beside the roaring seas that stretch
To far Cipango and Cathay.
Long Beach, Wash., Aug. 19, ii
Will J. Meredith.
Terror on a Mountain Top.
<Sy GEORGE M. MILLER.
A NERVOUS tap, tap, tap, at your
chamber door in the early morn
while you are yet in the border
land of dreams, is not a very welcome
sound, especially in Alaska where the
business day ends with 12 o'clock mid-
night and begins only at 12 o'clock
noon. Nevertheless, I had promised,
:and by the third repetition of the knock
I was out of bed and at the door making
all sorts of apologies for oversleeping.
A hasty breakfast and I was ready for
the start to the summit of Vestovia, one
of the highest peaks that tower above the
town of Sitka. Mount Vestovia is a
mountain in every sense of the word.
Like many of these Alaskan peaks it
sits with its feet in the sea. Its summit
is surmounted by a dome of rock which
from its peculiar shape bears the name
of the Arrow Head and rises some 500
feet above the main structure. From
the sea wall on Sitka bay it rises in one
precipitous slope 3,200 feet, and from
this quarter is practically inaccessible.
We therefore decided to attack from the
rear, going up the Indian river for a dis-
tance of five miles, turning to the right
and ascending the ridge that connects
the mountain with those lying farther
inland, follow this backbone towards the
Arrow Head and descend in the direc-
tion of our starting point. Our journey
then lay in the shape of a horseshoe.
We were fortunate in having a perfect
day. The first five miles led along a
miner's trail, through a dense forest of
spruce, hemlock and cedar. In Alaska
the moss is evervwhere and beautiful in
varying shades from gold to deepest
green, on the trunks of fallen trees,
swinging from the overhanging
branches, in the transparent and gurg-
ling brooks and on the stones by the
roadside. Here and there the sunlight
found its way into the depths of forest
shadow revealing and emphasizing these
hues. Many varieties of delicious ripe
berries hung over our winding path.
The scent of the damp woods and Indian
musk filled the air; the song of the run-
ning river, with now and then a distant
bird note, made music in our ears, and
the belated and welcome dew from the
overswinging boughs cooled our per-
spiring faces.
At the end of three hours' walk we
were at the miner's empty cabin, and at
the beginning of our hazardous climb.
Beside a dashing brook fed by melting
snows we disposed of our luncheon.
From here on no path or sign marked
the way. We were now at the timber
line. Below us the dense woods, above
us the moss-covered mountain, seamed
with glacial gorges and armored with
overhanging cliffs.
Selecting what appeared to be the only
accessible approach to the summit of the
great backbone we began the climb.
During the warm season, under the heat
of the sun, the snow on many of the
mountains of Alaska disappears, except-
ing in the gorges and canyons, where it
has been massed by the winter winds.
Many slopes are too steep for snow to
lie upon and it slides down forming
great banks at the base. Passing the
foot of one of these banks we discovered
a subterranean passage leading under
its entire length. The snow had packed
in a gorge and the water flowing under-
neath had melted it away enough to ad-
mit a current of air. This had contin-
ued the thawing process until now the
passage was quite high enough for a
man to walk uprightly. The deep shades
of color in the snow overhead were
beautiful beyond description.
For the next 2,000 feet our ascent was
steep and dangerous. Beyond the tim
ber line wherever there is soil enough to
support it the earth is covered with a
compact growth of vegetation that ap-
pears to be the connecting link betwee
moss and shrubbery. It grows thic
TERROR ON A MOUNTAIN TOP.
159
upon the ground like moss with fibers
six to ten inches in length and very
tough and strong. Clinging with both
hands to this and drawing ourselves up
we made satisfactory headway, and by 3
o'clock were on the summit of the back-
bone. This we found to be much like
an inverted sawblade, with now and
then one or more teeth broken out. My
companion complained somewhat of
dizziness, and I felt an uneasiness in the
pit of my stomach, which at the time I
mistakingly attributed to nothing more
serious than human sympathy. Lying
prone upon the moss-covered crest we
viewed the widened landscape. To the
south and below us Blue lake, blue as a
robbin's egg, lay in a nest of black
woods. To the east the mountains.
Mountains that seem to mark the border
land of another world. Mountains that
forbid the passage of man, even in his
most daring and reckless search for
gold. Though this island, called Baran-
off island, is eighty miles in length and
only thirty in width, and has been settled
by whites for more than 100 years, so
rugged are its mountains it is said no
person has ever crossed it except in
one place. The chief characteris-
tic of Alaska mountains is not so much
in their great altitude as in their bold
and rugged acclivities. Then, again,
they do not stand in lines or ranges as
those of Oregon and California, but are
content to sit around on the grass any-
where in promiscuous disorder, and in
many instances with their feet in the
sea. Our view to the westward encom-
passed the Bay of Sitka with its more
than 300 evergreen islands, and beyond
this the broad Pacific. On the bay an
occasional white sail was seen. Strange
it seemed to us that while on the water
below there was a good sailing breeze;
at our altitude not a breath of air could
be felt. The day was perfect. Not a
cloud in sight and the atmosphere as
clear as possible. A deer walked out in
open view and watched our movements
with undisturbed curiosity. To the
north the Arrow Head, our destina-
tion towered still above us. Resuming
our journey we climbed the first saw-
tooth, the next and the next with little
difficulty, though in many places we were
compelled to cling to the moss for
safety, and at several points the back-
bone was so narrow and steep that we
were compelled to hang a leg on each
side and drag ourselves along with our
hands.
Passing the last broken tooth we
reached the base of the Arrow Head in
comparative safety, minus an unknown
quantity of self-confidence. Resting
here again we contemplated the prospect
with some doubt. To the right hung a
jagged cliff with a descent of more than
1,500 feet. To the left impassable
gorges and crevasses of mysterious
depths. In front of us the giddy Arrow
Head, rising 500 feet, and up which we
must climb like flies on a window pane,
and that without wings. To start up
that dizzy height without a guide seemed
madness; to turn back was out of the
question, for, in that case, darkness
would overtake us before we could reach
the settlement. Our deliberations finally
ended in a determination to go forward.
My companion, whose improved condi-
tion had fitted him for the lead, started
upward. I did not dare to look up or
down, to right or left. I only groped
and followed the voice and directions of
my friend. We had no ropes or other
safety appliances and my shoes were
without hobnails. The first hundred
feet of climbing was against rocks firmly
imbedded. (In climbing such a moun-
tain as this you do not climb over it,
you climb against it. You are not over
it in any true sense until you are on the
top).
A voice came from above, "Keep to
the right, below the big rock, out on
that projecting shelf. It is the only
way." At this moment I was cling-
ing and crawling up a ridge or
rib of solid rock when my left foot
slipped and — I still live to sav it, the
rocks being firm and sharp, I caught
just in time to escape instant death. In
order to save myself I threw my weight
upon the rough ledge with such force as
to bruise and lacerate my knee and the
pain of it along with the shock of my
narrow escape produced nausea. I real-
ized now that for the first time in my life
160
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY.
I was thoroughly terrified. Notwithstand-
ing I had my life insured, and, as 1 sup-
posed, had made all soiritual prepara-
tion and business arrangements to meet
death however soon and in whatever
shape it might come, I found the animal
desire for life had full control and that
the animal was thoroughly frightened.
I had been through many sorts of dan-
gers, had looked into the muzzles of
loaded pistols and been mixed up with
runaway teams where I had expected my
life to be crushed out the next instant.
In none of these dangers had I experi-
enced a degree of the terror that now
filled my whole frame, even to my fin-
ger tips.
There was no place to rest. I must
cling and climb. I came to that pro-
jecting shelf of loose rocks. What if
one of these should yield a few inches
only, or if I should faint, as I felt I must?
Many of you have dreamed of falling
immeasurable distances and felt the in-
describeable ache that accompanies the
sensation. This ache was in my very
bones. I felt as helpless as a new-born
babe and shamed at the knowledge of
the feeling. The shelf of loose rock
was scaled in safety, however, and in
due time I reached the summit, threw
myself upon a bed of moss and wondered
long at human frailty. We found the
descent on the opposite side of the Ar-
row Head scarcely less hazardous and
annoying, but by deliberate caution
reached lower slopes in safety, re-
solving to never again attempt a climb
so reckless. How that resolution was
broken and with what results you shall
soon know.
Two weeks had passed since my dis-
agreeable mountain experience, and the
usual duties of life and physical rest had
restored my nerves to their normal con-
dition. Yet, every mental reflec-
tion upon or casual view of that sky-
piercing height, brought back the creepy
aches into every bone of my body. This
annoyance finally resulted in a determi-
nation to again ascend the mountain,
and alone, and by familiarity with its
dangers, teach myself the folly of fear.
The moon was now at its full; why not
make a moonlight trip of it? An Alaska
moon on a cloudless night, owing to the
extreme purity of the atmosphere is
beautiful beyond words.
With some brief preparations for the
trip I flung myself down upon my bed
for an hour's rest before setting out.
*****
What a rare night! The moon was
well above the horizon and smiled in all
the queenly brilliance that only the
northern moon bestows. Athwart the
silvery waters of the bay lay a path that
was paved with diamonds. The still-
ness of the hour was most impressive.
To me it was even prophetic, and yet the
fascination of danger smothered the
■warning, and I pressed on.
Being a fair woodsman I had no diffi-
culty following the route taken two
weeks before. The cool night air in my
face, the damp odor of the forest, the
stillness of the night, broken only by the
murmuring streams and the occasional
call of a distant night bird, the weird
moonlight — companions to an irrepress-
ible premonition of impending disaster —
thrilled me, yet my eagerness lent swift-
ness to my feet, and ere I realized it, I
was clinging to the moss and climbing
the first perilous ascent to the backbone.
Scaling this I flew on towards the tow-
ering Arrow Head. My objective point
was now in sight. On the dizzy heights
of those sawteeth where two weeks be-
fore I had clung on all fours, I now
walked upright, and even leaped from
stone to stone on the very verge of the
perpendicular cliff above the chasm
whose depths were made doubly black-
by the shadow of the mountain.
The coolness of the night made rest
unnecessary. On I hurried scarcely
looking to the right or left. The
sight of that unhallowed thing that had
frightened the manhood out of me and
had transformed me into a cowering
beast now maddened me to a frenzy. I
reached the base of the Arrow Head and
paused. Resting here for a moment my
senses revived enough to discover I had
made no preparation lor the dangerous
climb before me. My shoes were with-
out hobnails, and from the long travel
over the moss were as smooth as glass.
TERROR ON A MOUNTAIN TOP.
161
Nevertheless I could not now turn back.
I had come safely so far and felt no fear.
I cast one look at the sky-piercing peak
and bolted up its precipitous side. Cling-
ing with both hands to the overhanging
rocks I cast a glance below, when the
terror seized me as before, intensified
tenfold, though I did not grow sick as
then.
I struggled on.. My feet slipped again
and again. I lost heart and hope; yet
like a wild creature I clung and groped in
the semi-darkness, for the moon was now
shining on the opposite side of the
mountain, and I was in its shadow. In
this darkness I missed my way and soon
reached an impassable point. I had
drawn myself up thus far by feeling with
my hands, holding to whatever present-
ed, but now reach as far as I could there
was no welcome crack, service or pro-
jecting ridge for my grasp. My feet
rested on a ledge of unknown security.
An attempt to turn back meant certain
death. Below was the black shadow of
immeasurable depths, from which I now
realized there was little chance of escape.
I dared not look down. There was but
one chance in a hundred. I must jump
and stake my chance on catching a hold
in what in the dim light appeared to be
a crevice in the rocks, some three feet
beyond my full arm's length. Thefe
was no time for delay. The pain from
terror was breaking my bones. Beads
of sweat stood on my forehead. I felt
I was growing blind. My heart threat-
ened to stop beating and my breath
came slow and hard. It was madness to
attempt that leap; it meant death to de-
lay. I made one desperate effort at
composure and sprang with all my power
to find the supposed crevice was only
loose moss. With a groan that must
have sent a chill through every stone
within reach of my voice, I slid from the
rock into the blackness of that black
shadow below. The impetus given by
the slide from the sloping rock sent me
far out and clear of the projecting cliffs.
You who have cast stones from high
declivities know about how long it took
me to fall this 2,000 feet in open space.
At first I felt the cool air in my face,
then the coolness turned to burning as
the velocity increased. The vibration of
the air caused a roaring sound that grad-
ually but rapidly changed to a higher
key. Total darkness enveloped me al-
most- instantly. I felt the cutting prints
of my finger nails in my palms as I in-
stinctively grasped the empty air. My
heart refused to act. My brain had
grown sluggish. At the beginning of
the fall I had given up all hope and only
waited for the dull thud that I assured
myself I would not be able to feel or
hear, to end all. At last a change came
over me, and, quick as a flash, I saw
the moonlight above and on the valley
below the mountain's shadow. I ceased
descending. The pain and terror were
gone and in their stead a feeling of safety
and delight. I heard the fall of a leaden
lump below me and its faint echo in the
walls of the gorge and did not feel con-
cerned. I heard the lonely call of the
night bird and sweetest music from I
knew not where. Instead of falling I
now began to rise and soon came into
the full glow of the moon. With no ef-
fort greater than a wish, I reached the
top of the Arrow Head. I had con-
quered at last. There was no pain or
terror now. The animal body with
these had gone to the rocks below and I
was glad. I stood upon the very pin-
nacle of that giddy height gazing upon
the sleeping town beneath, and as a tri-
umphal salute to all its inhabitants threw
out both arms — and knocked my lamp
chimney into the washbowl and the
noise awakened me. I was still in bed.
My last ascent of the mountain had been
a dream.
The Indian "Arabian Nights."
<By H. S. LYMAN.
A Series of Indian Stories and Legends, began in September, 1899.
THE STORY OF CELIAST.
ABOUT three years from the date of
Celiast's reception at the fort, Na-
thaniel J. Wyeth came with his
rival fur company to establish, a trading
post upon the Columbia. The post did
not prove either permanent or a profit-
able one, and the company went to pieces
in the course of a few years and scat-
tered to the four corners of the earth. In
the party, and left from it, was a young
man of good education and much enter-
prise, in fact, a scion of one of the best
families of New Hampshire. Having
come to the Pacific Coast to make his
fortune and live his life, he was loath
to retrace his steps, and so cast about for
something to do in this new land.
Dr. McLoughlin, knowing his attain-
ments and sympathizing with his desire
to remain on the coast, employed him to
teach the children at the fort, the former
instructor having gone to sea.
They were Indians and half-breeds —
these children — restless but quick to
learn, and his tasks were light. He had
much time for long walks along the river
bank, for loiterings in the woods and
musing in his canoe upon the majestic
tide that was at times like burnished sil-
ver. Somehow, before he had been long
at Fort Vancouver, he was constrained
to notice the young Indian mother whose
two bright-eyed children were his pupils.
Possibly Celiast, hoping to pick up
some crumbs of knowledge for herself,
lingered about the schoolroom. At all
events, either from her or from the gov-
ernor himself, the young American
learned her story and was deeply touched
and interested. He recognized, with Dr.
McLoughlin, the depth and purity of her
character, and at last he said to 'her the
words that made her his own while life
should last. For Celiast loved him, and
from that day they were as one.
For some time he continued to teach,
but changed the location of his school
to the place above the "Falls," where
many Frenchmen had settled with their
native families. But later came the mis-
sionaries, and the school was turned over
to them. The teacher became a mill-
wright and went into business at Che-
halem. Perhaps he worked too hard or
perhaps the surroundings were not
healthful; anyway, he fell ill, and Celiast,
thinking of her girlhood's home by the
sea, where the rigor of the salt wind
kept one strong and well, besought him
to return with her to her own land. It
was in this manner that Celiast came
back to her people — the loved and hon-
ored wife of an honorable man. And it
was here on the plain by the sea, where
the tall grass waved and rippled in tne
wind, and the tides swept in and out of
the winding creeks, that they founded
thejr home.
This home became in a short time the
nucleus of a settlement of Americans.
Its doors were always open, its hospital-
ity unbounded. All this, without going
into detail, was of infinite value in set-
tling the title to this vast region in favor
of the United States, at a time when the
balance swung so evenly between our
own nation and Great Britain that the
weight of even one little pioneer settle-
ment might turn the scale.
But the one great personal service
done by Celiast, a heroic and determined
act, occurred at a later period, when the
settlement on Clatsop Plains, grown to
proportions of importance, was threat-
ened with extermination by the com-
bined efforts of the Tillamooks and Tlah-
Tsops.
The details of the trouble that imper-
iled the Americans need not here be
given. Suffice it to say that an Indian
THE MAN PREVAILS.
163
of the hitherto peaceful Tlah-Tsops was
accused of crime and resisted arrest. He
maintained his innocence of the charge
against him, and was killed by a white
man. This, according to the Indian's
sense of justice, was an outrage, the
memory of which was to be blotted out
only in blood. Doubtless there were
other wrongs that they were burning to
avenge as well. The whole tribe gath-
ered to plan the attack, and the Tilla-
mooks, from the northern shore of the
river, coming over to make a friendly
visit, were taken into the plot.
The threatened whites, reading the
signs of danger in the sudden disappear-
ance of the natives, fortified themselves
as best they could in the largest and
strongest of the houses on the plain.
The Indians, formed in a wild band for
the attack, and armed with guns and
knives, rushed down upon the seemingly
doomed settlement. Half way in their
course they were arrested, not by armed
men, but by a woman. The daughter of
their dead chief barred their way, and
empty-handed and alone, forbade them
to advance. What she said no white
man knows, but the Indians heard and
understood. Standing there, her fore-
head bared to the breath of heaven, she
spoke such words of power, of persua-
sion and command, that her people,
listening, believed it was the spirit of
Kobaiway himself speaking to them
through the lips of his daughter. And
Kobaiway had been the white man's
friend. The Tlah-Tsop chiefs found no
voice to answer. The threats of the war-
riors sank to silence; one by one they
dropped back to the shadows of the for-
est.
The little group of whites, watching
all day, observed, toward sunset, the tall
dune grass on the ridge to westward
shake and quiver, disturbed by dark,
gliding forms. Now and then a feath-
ered crest or a painted face gleamed for
an instant and was gone. The Tilla-
mooks were going single file toward the
river's mouth, returning home. Celiast
had saved the settlement.
The Man Prevails.
Once more the freeman's bolt is hurled;
Is fired a shot, heard round the world.
To hear the Transvaal's thunder-voice —
What man is there does not rejoice?
Sinks again that falsehood old,
Our world is ruled by greed and gold.
Sinks again that lie of time,
That wealth and power commit no crime.
Lives the truth that God is just,
And gold and thrones are only dust;
That manhood is the living throne,
And God with manhood still is one;
That even earth and labored steel
For manly arms mute love shall feel.
The Mauser and the Maxim still
Can best obey the freeman's will.
On native kopje, heath, or wold,
The freeman's heart is doubly bold;
Upon his native mountain wall,
The freeman's form ten times as tall!
To loose the seals the monarch fails;
The Son of Man at length prevails.
H. S. Lyman.
Elisc.
A Sequel to "The Voice of the Silence."
Chapter II.
,,| T IS perfectly absurd, and I am not
I going to let you off. Besides,
your costume was ordered weeks
ago, and you haven't the shadow of an
excuse, and — well, you just must not fail
me."
Elise, standing on the hearthstone, one
arm resting upon the low mantle shelf,
her soft draperies outlining her slender
figure, turned a pale but smiling face
upon her insistent guest.
"I am sorry," she said, "but the truth
of the matter is I am tired, too tired to
even think about it."
"You don't have to think about it, my
dear, and, as for being tired, what in the
world have you to do between now and
Thursday night but rest?"
"A thousand things, engagements — "
"Cancel them."
"That is simple enough to say, but — "
"In this case it is easy enough to do."
Elise smiled again somewhat wearily,
it must be confessed. "I don't seem to
find it so."
"Oh, but this is different. It is to be
the event of the season. I've set my
heart upon that, and you must not fail
me. The whole affair will fall flat with-
out you. It is too late to ask any one
else to take your place, and there is no
one who could, anyway."
"But," objected Elise, "I am really not
fit. I shall look a fright, and — I — I am
not well, I think."
"Nonsense! A touch of rouge will do
away with that interesting pallor, and
as for not feeling well, we are all more
or less used up so near the end of the
season. I simply live on tonics these
days, my nerves are in an abominable
state, but I have the satisfaction of know-
ing that my neighbors are all in the
same boat. You are no more run down
than the rest of us, my love, and after
this is over you can go to bed with a
clear conscience and sleep for a week if
you like. But I must go. I have a
dozen things to attend to before lunch-
eon. It is i o'clock now, and I am due
at Mrs. Banks-Berry's at 1 :3c"
Mrs. Natron rose and shook out the
folds of her perfectly-fitting gown with
that almost imperceptible yet exquisitely
graceful movement of the hips only pos-
sible to a woman whose muscles are un-
der absolute control of the will. "I shall
tell your charming sister-in-law that I
have overcome every one of your objec-
tions, and that the queen of the fete will
appear in all her royal splendor. I knew
you would'nt and couldn't leave me in
the lurch for anything short of a death
in the family. Good-bye. Are you go-
ing my way, Katherine? I can drop you
anywhere you wish between here and
the avenue."
"You are awfully kind, but if Mrs.
Randolph will have me I am going to
stay where I am. I haven't been so
comfortable in six weeks as I am at this
moment."
"Certainly," Elise hastened to say. "I
shall be delighted."
"In that case I shall proceed to divest
myself of my hat and gloves, for I mean
to stay to luncheon. Good-bye, Mrs.
Natron; it is not that I love Caesar less."
"O, you need not explain. I envy
you enough as it is. Good-bye."
With Mrs. Natron's" departure a si-
lence fell upon the two women left thus
together in the simply furnished room
where the morning sun came in, and an
oak wood fire burned cheerily upon the
hearth. In all the beautiful house in
which the Colonel had set up his Lares
and Penates on returning from an ex-
tended trip abroad some five years be-
fore, there was no room in which his
wife felt so much at home as in this
low-ceiled, narrow place which she had
selected and arranged to suit her own
special' needs and convenience.
"How queer!"
"What an odd-looking apartment!"
ELISE.
165-
"How uncivilized!" These were some
of the exclamations to which her friends
gave, expression on being admitted to
its sacred precincts for the first time. For
it was as different from the conventional
morning-room of the average society
woman as it was possible to conceive.
To unaccustomed eyes it had a bare
look, an air of not being quite finished or
furnished. Indeed, the Colonel himself
was wont to say teasingly that Elise had
moved in before the carpenters had
moved out, and this accounted for the
naked rafters and the unplastered walls.
But the room, nevertheless, had a charm
of its own, an atmosphere neither to be
bought nor persuaded, that made its in-
fluence felt upon all who were fortunate
enough to be received therein. Even
Mrs. Natron declared that she felt her-
self in another world the moment she
stepped across its threshold.
"And to complete the idea of primitive
and barbaric simplicity I presume she
wishes to preserve, there is always that
half-tamed savage lurking in the back-
ground. Ugh! The mere sight of him
gives me a lifting sensation Li the top of
my head. I am positively certain that
he will break out some time and scalp
somebody. You can see the latent de-
sign in his eye."
Mrs. Banks-Berry, to whom this dis-
mal apprehension was confided, made a
laughing reply to the effect that there
Was no more mild-mannered and kindly
disposed youth upon the face of the earth
than this same so-called savage. "We
are all attached to him," she said; "and
his devotion to Elise is something beau-
tiful to witness."
"All the same, my dear, he is an In-
dian, and Indians are notoriously treach-
erous. Why, I wouldn't live under the
same roof with him for worlds. The
mere sight of him gives me the shivers,
and it is my earnest conviction that he
is only awaiting a suitable opportunity
to tomahawk the whole family some
night in their beds. Those eyes of his
remind me of nothing so much as of
slumbering volcanoes. He has all the
characteristics of his race — I verily be-
lieve you might pull his finger-nails out
by the roots without extracting a groan,
and he doubtless takes a fiendish delight
in the spectacle of human pain. Oh, I
know the Indian nature. It's a hope-
less task trying to civilize the red man."
And Mrs. Natron, whose exhaustive
knowledge of the subject had been gath-
ered from the superficial skimming of
books and an occasional glimpse of the
wooden image in front of a tobacco shop,
drew her sables closer about her shapely
shoulders and rose to depart.
"If Mrs. Randolph were my sister-in-
law," she added, "I should remonstrate
with her, but — "
"If you were her sister-in-law," replied
Mrs. Banks-Berry, "you would be will-
ing to adopt a whole tribe of Modocs if
she insisted upon it. She is a lovely tyr-
ant, and we all adore her, and delight in
her vagaries."
"O, well, if you look at it that way — .
But really I wish she would devote less
time to good works and more to society.
A woman in her position is not without
certain responsibilities, and even you
must admit that she shirks hers in the
most shameless fashion. Homes for the
homeless, and foundling hospitals, and
orphan asylums, are all well enough in
their way, and I suppose it is commenda-
ble in people who have more money than
they want to spend it in that manner,
but when it comes to giving up the half
of one's time to teaching indigent women
how to sew, and make bread, and so on,
it seems to me it is carrying benevolence
a trifle farther than one's Christian duty
requires. I wish you would exert your
influence in my behalf and prevail upon
her to come to my receptions this win-
ter."
"If you have tried and failed I am
afraid my arguments would be worse
than wasted, but I will see what she has
to say for herself on the subject."
That was two years ago, and with
each succeeding season Mrs. Randolph
went less and less into society. She had
so much to do, she said, in self-justifica-
tion.
"That is where the trouble lies," re-
plied her husband. "You have too much
to do. If you would leave about two-
thirds of your work to the Associated
Charities, and hire a couple of secreta-
ries, you would find life less trying.''
"But there are so many things that re-
166
THE "PACIFIC SMOOTHLY.
quire my personal supervision — individ-
ual cases, for instance — and the affairs
of the Working Woman's Home are in
a tangle as it is. You see there is no
one who understands the details and will
take the trouble to look after them. And
the kindergarten in Reese alley — oh, if
you could see the wretchedness of life
in Reese alley for one single hour you
would never advise me to give up the
work there. It is only through the
school that I can hope to accomplish
anything, but I do expect, in time, to
reach the mothers through the children."
Colonel Randolph looked at his wife,
and his glance was one of mingled ad-
miration and disapproval. "You are
wearing yourself out, and all to no pur-
pose, I fear. Your fortune is but a peb-
ble cast into the sea. Reese alley and
its counterparts all over the globe will go
on drinking and fighting and starving
while time lasts. But have your way
about it; only, if I see it is beginning
to tax your time and strength too heavily
I shall bundle you up without a word of
warning and carry you off to Europe."
The Colonel regarded himself as a
very magnanimous and indulgent hus-
band, in that he never interfered with his
wife's philanthropies. Perhaps if they
had in any way conflicted with his own
comfort he might have looked upon them
with less leniency. . . .
The stylishly dressed girl, half-reclin-
ing in the lounging chair in front of the
open fire, this sunny morning, was one
of Mrs. Randolph's most devoted friends.
They were about of an age, though Elise
looked somewhat older, and, though she
never suspected it, the one thing to
which she owed the interest and affection
of her guest was the fact that they were
both in love with the same man. Kath-
erine Farmer had refused a dozen good
offers of marriage in the course of her
first two seasons, for she was what the
world calls a charming girl, and she was
lacking neither in wit nor fortune. But
the right suitor did not present himself,
and she was not inclined to part with her
independence to any other. In spite of
her friendship for Elise she was not quite
sure that she was any more than pleas-
antly tolerated. Perhaps it was this un-
certainty as to just how the latter re-
garded her that made her so determined
to maintain an intimacy which thus far
had been largely on her side.
"Funny, isn't it," she remarked pres-
ently, "but I have long observed that
women like Mrs. Natron always carry
the day. It is next to impossible to say
no to them with any effect."
Elise sighed and left her position on
the hearthstone. "I shall be so glad
when it is over," she said. "I really
am tired, and it seems so unnecessary,
all this dressing and dancing and dining,
surely there are other things that are
quite as interesting and more worthy."
"Undoubtedly! But unfortunately we
don't care to do anything but amuse our-
selves.''
"Are we amused? I think rather we
are wearied and sick of it all."
"Ah, well, we make believe that we
like it, and it amounts to the same
thing in the end, I suppose."
"I wish," began Elise and paused. She
was asking herself if it were worth while
to speak to this girl of the things that
lay nearest her heart, and she was on the
point of deciding negatively when some-
thing so unusual happened that, for the
moment, she was thrown entirely off her
guard:
(To be continued.)
And This is All.
What was it, after all, but this?
A smile, a clasping hand, a kiss —
A gleam of joy, a blinding pain,
A hope that will not spring again.
Then one forgot, and one forgave,
And — that is all this side the grave.
Lischen M. Miller.
Itoca's Story.
Told on the Siuslaw.
<By LISCHEN M. MILLER.
a
TOCx\," I said, "how is it that you,
who are so loyal to the traditions
of your people, have a paleface for
a husband?"
Itoca sat as usual, crouched over the
fire on the cabin hearth. She was a si-
lent, noiseless creature, soft-footed as a
panther, and her voice was sweet and
low. She would have been comely, but
for the ugly tattoo disfiguring her fore-
head and chin; and she had wonderful
eyes — true Indian eyes, that could flash
fire on occasion, but were, for the most
part, fathomless wells of light.
When I questioned her now, she
waited long before replying. The win-
ter darkness had fallen early. Outside
the wind howled and shrieked, and
lashed the river into a fury of foam.
The tall young pines, that stood thick
about the cabin, bent and swayed in its
fierce breath. Now and then a swift pat-
ter of raindrops swept the roof, and
through the tumult of the storm beat the
ceaseless thunder of the surf. The drift-
wood fire burned with a steady flame ; its
red glow, from the cabin windows, made
shining paths into the night and made
our solitude complete.
"It was a night like this," Itoca said
at last; "not here, but far down the coast.
I was young then; young and free and
light of heart. I could not understand
why my mother was always heavy-eyed
and sad. I did not see the shadow that
overhung the Indian's sky. Alas! The
white man even then pushed the red to
the very edge of the earth, already hunted
in his forests and fished in his rivers. Be-
fore I was born, came the traders, with
their cunning, and their worthless beads
and baubles, winning the Indian's wealth,
robbing him — "
"But, Itoca," I cried, interrupting her,
"you have told me this before. It is
your own story that I want to hear to-
night."
"Yes, yes; you shall hear it; but the
wrongs of my people fill my heart with
fire."
"I know," I said; "I cannot blame
you ; but- surely you do not hold all white
men guilty?"
Itoca lifted her head and looked at
me in the firelight. Her great black
eyes were soft and sad. I almost fan-
cied there were tears waiting behind
those heavy lashes; but no man or wo-
man had ever seen Itoca weep, and I
was not to be the first. She differed from ,
her white sisters in this: Whatever her
grief might be it found no vent in tears;
but, for all that, it never lacked ex-
pression.
"My people," Itoca began, "in the
days when the white man first came
among them dwelt upon the banks of
the Umpqua, near the sea. I was yet a
child when to our lodge, through the
gray mist at evening, came one whose
like I had never seen. Tall and straight,
as a young pine tree, he stood in the
leaping firelight. His hair, a yellow
flood, fell down upon his shoulders in
shining curls. His eyes were blue — blue
as the sky in summertime, and soft as the
soft blue sea in the moon when the winds
are still. I was alone by the fire and he
spoke to me. I knew not what he said;
but his voice was kind. I offered him
food, and when he had eaten he smiled
and went away."
"Well," I said, for Itoca had lapsed
into silence, "did he return?" She
slowly shook her head.
"Not then. It was many, many
moons before he came again; but when
he went away he gave me this." She
held up her small brown hand and
showed me, among the many rings there
a plain gold band, worn now to a mere
thread. "When my mother and broth-
ers returned from the river, where they
had gone for fish, I hid the ring in my
168
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
bosom and was silent. But I gathered
from their talk that they had seen the
white hunter down on the shore, and
that my older brother had put him across
the river in his canoe. After this came
other white men, passing up and down
the Umpqua, and I learned to understand
their language and to speak it. Then
there were ships that sailed in from the
great sea, and more people, who built
houses on the river bank different from
the lodges in which the Indians dwelt.
And soon there fell a cruel sickness that
swept off the unhappy Umpquas as if they
had been leaves driven by the autumn
wind. My brothers died and my mother.
I was alone. An old woman of our
tribe let me live in her poor wigwam
on the sands, under the storm-twisted
pines, near the place where the river
meets the sea. She was good, but her
heart was full of sad thoughts and her
eyes blind with tears that would not fall.
She sat all day weaving baskets — the
beautiful baskets that no one now can
make because the secret died with that
old woman. I was often lonely and
sometimes hungry, for we had only fish
and berries to eat, save when I went to
the settlement where the white women
bought my baskets. There was one
kinder than the others, the wife of a
missionary, who taught me many things,
and gave me books, so that I came to
know the thoughts of the white man.
And I was glad, for as I grew to be a
maid and to have the dreams of maiden-
hood I remembered more and more the
blue eyes that had looked upon me in
the gray dusk beside the campfire, when
I was yet a child. And I kept the ring
closely hidden in my bosom, for I knew
that some time I should see again the
white face of the hunter.
"One afternoon I was out upon the
river in my canoe and I saw coming up
from the other shore a boat with three
men. An Indian bent to the oars, and
in the stern, leaning back upon some
furs, was a man whose shining yellow
hair fell down about his shoulders like a
flood of sunlight. As the boat drew
near I would have fled ; but he sat up and
called to me; and hearing his voice I
must obey. When I had brought my
canoe alongside he reached out and laid
his hand on its prow and questioned
me, and the blue eyes were the same that
had looked upon me in the firelight
many, many moons before. But he
knew me not, for I was yet a child when
he saw me first. After this he came
often and my heart was no longer my
own.
"One night, a night like this, looking
out from the door of the old woman's
wigwam, I saw at dusk a boat driven by
wind and tide swiftly toward the sea. It
was far out from the shore, but in the
dim, gray light I caught the gleam of
yellow locks and my heart told me who
it was thus drifting to death upon the
bar. I was young and strong, but had I
been as a reed that grows by the water-
side it would have been the same. I ran
down to the river beach and pushed my
cedar canoe into the tide, and stepping
in, paddled out toward -the tossing boat.
The old woman called to me to return,
but I would not hear. The wind flung
my canoe about as if it had been a leaf.
Sometimes I lost sight altogether of the
boat. When I came nearer I saw that
the white hunter had but one oar, and
he could do nothing with a single oar
in such a sea. Ah, me; the night was
wild! Though I paddled fast the wind
and tide carried the boat before me till
it seemed I would never reach it. Then
a squall turned the water black and in
another moment I was fighting for my
life with the salt waves. But I clung
to my paddle and when I rose on the
crest of a billow there, but an oar's
length away, was the boat. Ah, it is
only when death fronts us that we know
how dear and how deeply we can love!"
Itoca sighed, and I thought as I watched
her sitting there in the firelight that
color was a slight thing after all, and a
woman's heart beats as warm and true
beneath a dark skin as beneath a white.
"Go on," I said gently. "I am listen-
ing."
. "Indian girls are early taught to swim.
I reached the boat and e'er my hand
clutched the gunwale the white man
caught and drew me in. Ttoca,' he
cried, 'why did you come?' but I would
not speak. It was no time for words.
He gave me the oar, and with the help
of my paddle I could keep the boat's
ITOCA'S STORY.
169
head to the wind so that she rode the
waves instead of rocking in the trough
of the sea; and he tried to bail her out,
for she was nearly full of water. It was
no use to pull against the wind and tide;
all that could be done was to keep her
from swamping in the heavy seas. With
every moment we neared the bar. The
roar of the breakers drowned the rush
of the wind and the wash of the waves;
but I did not mind now. The darkness
was intense; nothing was visible but the
phosphorescent gleam of the angry surf.
Some times the white hunter spoke to
me; but it was only a word. He was
brave, and not once did he speak of
fear, though he was wet and cold and
knew that it was death toward which we
were drifting. The Umpqua bar is a wild
place when the winds are out. It was a
black horror that night! A thousand
times the boat was lifted high in air, a
thousand times she plunged down terri-
ble slopes into the dark! All night we
drifted, and when the dawn broke the
white hunter lay like one dead, across
the thwarts, and we were far at sea. But
the wind died with the coming day, the
great waves sank to wide, smooth swells.
The tide had turned, the heave of the
sea set strongly shoreward. I looked
toward the bar and saw a black path
through the white wall of the breakers,
and my heart once more began to live.
The one oar had gone adrift in the dark-
ness of the night, but I had the paddle
from my canoe left. And as a canoe,
over the gray miles of sea, across the
raging bar, I brought the boat in."
"And the white hunter?'
"Before another moon had waned I
was his wife. The missonary said it was
not lawful for the white man to wed an
Indian, but the missionary's wife was my
friend. She said that love recognized
no law and no color. But it would have
been the same no matter what was said;
for the white hunter knew his own heart,
and from that night it has been mine."
And Itoca rose and went away to her
own corner of the cabin as a sign that
she was done with words for the time,
at least.
Light of Our Swift Flight.
Can the wondrous eyes of thought
Dimly see — ever see
What is in the future wrought
For you and me?
Though a minute is the space,
Can they trace — ever trace
Where the" mystic billows wave,
Anything — except the grave?
Hope can gaze afar today,
Fear can look a little way,
Thought, the truest guide, i-3 blind,
Save it turns and looks behind;
From the past alone to see
What shall be.
Ah, the future is a deep —
Endless deep-
Where the shores of present raise
With the passing hours and days —
Yet to keep — ever keep
Sinking, fading in the past
Boundless vast.
Round about, on every hand,
Shifting sand — drifting sand —
Forms ahead, and sinks behind,
And our truest guide is blind;
Only Faith and Hope can light
Our swift flight.
'Valentine cBroo)n.
A Bovine Gladiator.
By P. C. LEVAR.
CLEAR as the note of a silver trum-
pet sounded a call of defiance that
made the woods ring. The sound
reached the ears of a boy who was en-
gaged in untying and turning out of the
barn the four yoke of oxen which formed
the team in a certain Oregon logging
camp. He paused and called to his
father: "Here comes that Pogue bull
again. Had we better keep Doc in the
barn?"
"No; turn him out and let 'em fight.
I guess Doc can hold his own."
"Well, I guess he can ! I should think
that fellow would get enough of it after
a while; he gets licke'd every time."
Doc had heard his enemy's challenge,
and went out of the "tie-up" with a
threatening grumble. Outside the door
he stopped, lifted his head and gave his
answering call to battle. He was a
magnificent creature to look at, as he
stood in the hright sunlight of that Sun-
day morning. His huge body was long,
round and "tapering as a gun-barrel,"
and his back was straight as an arrow.
His immense neck carried a head which
was short and wide, with a full shaggy
forehead and short, thick horns set at
just the right angle for offense and de-
fense. A small patch of snowy white on
the breast served to emphasize the jetty
blackness of the rest of his coat, which
shone in the sun like that of a well-
groomed horse, some strain of good
blood having given him a skin as thin
and hair as satiny as those of a thor-
oughbred. His musical talents, how-
ever, were not equal to those of his un-
seen rival, for when he lifted up his
voice in answer it went off into a high-
pitched and ridiculous squeal.
But this answered his purpose and
brought forth another trumpet-like call
from his enemy, who presently came in
sight near the buildings. There he
checked his advance and proceeded to
viciously gore the high bank at the side
of the road, throwing the soft dirt in all
directions, and uttering dire threats in a
variable bass. He was white with red
neck and head, and was not so large nor
so handsome as Doc; but his courage
and ability as a fighter were well known.
More than once before he had met Doc
with results disastrous to himself, but his
was a spirit which refused to accept de-
feat.
In the meantime Doc had approached
him with much pawing of the ground,
and presently they were sidling around
each other with deep rumblings of anger,
each watching for a chance to take the
other unawares. They evinced a lordly
disregard for the fact that they might
have chosen a much better field for their
maneuvers, as the steep hill rose on one
side of the narrow road, while on the
other the ground sloped sharply away to
a small brook, beyond which stretched
the level land of the "bottom."
Fear of injury to a valuable animal led
the boy and his father to appear upon
the scene armed with long pikepoles,
"to see fair play," just as the two bulls
suddenly came together and locked
horns with a resounding thud of their
thick skulls.
With the greatest fury they pushed
and strained, braced, twisted and altered
their positions, each striving to gain
some advantage. They raised a cloud of
dust, through which their struggling
bodies were hardly distinguishable.
Doc's superior size and weight forced
his adversary to give ground occasion-
ally, but he would not give way entirely.
He kept his face to the foe, and changed
position with a skill and agility which
gave Doc no chance to break down his
guard.
Presently Doc forced him partly out
of the road, but here he held on with
desperation until the violent exertion
compelled them both to pause for breath.
And now the boy did an unchivalrous
cA BOVINE GLADIATOR.
171
thing. He thrust the sharp steel pike
with which he was armed against the
side of the white bull, throwing him off
his guard; and Doc, having no Quixotic
notions of fair play, took advantage of
his momentary confusion and rushed him
backward down the slope and into the
brook.
The white bull clambered out on the
other side, and, adopting the bank as his
line of defense, held the black at bay in
the brook until the latter was reinforced
fay the two pikepoles. Then, on the level
"bottom" the battle raged, until Doc's
superior size and strength enabled him to
exhaust his adversary and drive him
grumbling from the field, beaten but not
conquered.
This was but one of many combats
waged between these two. They had
formerly belonged to the same owner;
and the white bull, being a year the
older, had been undisputed "boss" until
Doc forged ahead of him in growth and
succeeded in whipping him in a fair
fight. This had happened several
months before our story opens, and,
about the same time, Doc had changed
owners. In nearly every case, one ap-
peal to the arbitrament of arms will de-
cide, between two bulls, the question of
supremacy, and the defeated one will
quietly accept the verdict. But the
white bull had the blood and spirit of a
long line of fighting ancestors, coming
from stock which had been driven from
the Spanish ranges of Southern Califor-
nia, and his dauntless spirit was not to
be crushed by disaster. He had ruled
the black and he would rule him again
or perish in the attempt! Time after
time did he meet and do battle with Doc.
The result was invariably the same; he
was obliged to leave the field exhausted,
bruised and beaten: but before the next
encounter he would apparently forget
this, and he would go into the fight with
a desnerate determination, a confidence
and high courage, that took no note of
defeat.
At last Doc sought him out on his
own ground one day, and a hard en-
gagement was fought. When the
smaller animal's strength was spent Doc
succeeded in breaking down his guard.
and by a dexterous flank movement
pinned him helpless against a large fallen
tree. Then, by sheer strength of horns
and neck, the white was tossed bodily
over the tree, alighting fairly on his
back. Then the white bull took counsel
of his better judgment, and, seeming to
acquiesce in Doc's claim of supremacy,
avoided further encounters; but he still
cherished a thirst for revenge, and
solaced himself with the reflection that
this unsatisfactory state of affairs was
only temporary.
About this time he was enticed into
the barn and the sharp tips of his horns
were removed with a saw so that he
should do no serious injury to Doc,
whose horns had already been treated.
He was then discovered to be "quite a
chunk of a bull"; so soon after his de-
feat he was bought and put in the same
team with Doc, thus becoming a useful
member of bovine society. He now
reached the dignity of a name, being
christened "Spot," from a round, red
spot on each side. Here he unhesitat-
ingly acknowledged Doc's sovereignty,
and, the latter being of a magnanimous
disposition, they became the best of
friends. On Sundays and other days
when turned out they regularly spent an
hour or so in a friendly "sparring"
match.
Calm in his conscious superiority, Doc
was never vindictively vicious toward
the other cattle. He would never go out
of his way to harm one of them; nor, on
the other hand, would he go a step out
of his way to avoid going through one
of them. He would patiently and gen-
tly "spar" with the oldest or weakest
steer of the lot, or he would, with equal
readiness, fight all comers for blood or
for fun.
Spot seemed to cherish the hope that
by sparring with Doc he could learn his
"tricks" and perhaps perfect some plan
by which to eventually overthrow him.
Many times the boy, watching the friend-
ly scuffle, saw Spot put forth all his
strength for a moment as though experi-
menting: on some new "system." But
Doc was too overwhelmingly able to
handle him, and also seemed to be of too
noble a spirit to suspect the scheming
172
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
vindictiveness of his fallen foe. Only
once were they observed to come to open
hostilities. Sparring on rough ground,
Doc unsuspectingly allowed Spot to take
him at a disadvantage, when, quick as a
flash, Spot seized his opportunity, and
had his horns been sharp would have
ended Doc's career on the spot. But his
triumph was short, for Doc recovered
himself and in righteous indignation
chased the white villain for half a mile.
However, Doc was too generous to hold
animosity, and friendly relations were
revived at once.
For years the two animals worked in
the same team every summer and ranged
together every winter; and still Spot
cherished his vengeful determination to
some day retrieve his disasters and con-
quer his conqueror. At last he passed
the prime of life and found himself go-
ing down the hill. Years and hard work
were telling on him worse than on Doc;
if he was ever to achieve his lifelong am-
bition it would have to be soon. So
one day on level ground in an open field
he once more challenged Doc to deadly
combat.
It was "a fight to a finish." The open
ground enabled the smaller animal to
keep clear of all entanglements, to real-
ize the full benefit of his agility and en-
durance, and to avoid a decisive over-
throw. Round and round the field they
fought, tearing up great flakes of the
grassy sod with their hoofs. In a square
trial of strength Spot was obliged to
give way; but by every twist and turn
and trick that he had learned in his
years of sparring, he strove to diminish
Doc's advantage. For hours they strug-
gled, stopping occasionally to recover
breath, and then going at each other with
renewed fury. At length they were both
trembling on their feet and nearly ex-
hausted, but Spot simply would not give
up. It was the fight of his life, the cul-
mination of all his dreams, and he would
win or die on the battle-field. Finally
his desperate and unconquerable valor
won the day. Doc gave it up, turned
tail and owned himself defeated, and Spot
was left in victorious possession of the
field.
"Everything comes to him who waits."
He had accomplished the object for
which he had planned and schemed for
so many years — but at what a cost! In
the language of his owner: "He had
strained himself all to pieces and was
never any good afterwards." He grew
thin, and being put again in the team,
was found to be a total wreck, weak and
"all crippled up." So he was turned out
to pick his living on the abundant wild
grass and recruit if he could.
The question of supremacy was not
again opened with Doc, who accepted
his defeat as final and philosophically
took his place as second in command;
but, as this story is absolutely true in
every particular, it is necessary to state
poor Spot's enjoyment of the supreme
authority was of short duration.
Old Star, Doc's mate, a bull as much
larger than Doc as the latter was larger
than Spot, seeing the championship with-
in his grasp, was suddenly seized with
ambition. One unfair advantage he
had in the fact that, having always
displayed a mild and peaceable disposi-
tion, he had been allowed to retain the
needle-like tips of his horns. Principally
by sheer weight of brawn he defeated
Spot in a few weakly contested rounds;
then, turning his attention to Doc, dis-
posed of that humbled monarch with
equal ease. And it is well to add, paren-
thetically, that there soon proved to be
a very noticeable difference between the
reign of the dignified and magnanimous
Doc and that of the more docile and in-
telligent, but small-spirited and vindic-
tively tyrannical, Star.
But Spot's day was done. Old be-
fore his time, weak, lame and generally
broken down, with his life's work ac-
complished, and nothing more to live for,
he wandered off "down the slough," and,
frequenting a salt-water marsh, he igno-
miniously mired down in a lonely mud-
hole and there breathed his last.
Many years have passed since the dis-
covery of his bleaching skeleton gave
plain indication of his fate, yet, by the
boy, now approaching middle age. Spot
is still remembered as the embodiment
of unswerving determination and "clear
grit."
In Memory of Our Dead Soldier Boys.
<Sy CHAS. K. BURNS1DE.
When to our country came the call to arm
Against the wrongs of centuries to fight,
Our brave boys left the workshop and the farm
And went forth nobly to defend the right.
They met the tyrant, in his pride sublime,
And drove him from the isles across the sea,
Tore down the flag of ignorance and crime
And planted there the emblem of the free.
The work, for which they left their homes,
was done,
And they with honor might have marched
away;
But, not content with glory nobly won,
Where duty called, our heroes chose to stay
And with their comrades meet the savage foe,
Who, taught by Spain foul treachery to
try —
Too vile, too ignorant the right to know —
Assailed our flag, nor stopped to reason
why.
And in the battle front our heroes fell,
Or sank beneath the tropic's blazing sun;
Died bravely for the flag they loved so well,
Unyielding till the victory was won.
And in the jungles, far across the sea,
In unknown graves beneath the somber
shade,
From pain, and toil, and strife forever free,
There many a noble soldier boy is laid.
Long shall the comrades by whose side they
fought
Think of the heroes who in battle fell;
Long shall a nation's highest, noblest thought
The story of their brave devotion tell.
Theirs was the courage none but freemen
show —
Sublime as e'er the field of battle trod —
That noblest impulse man can ever know:
Devotion to his country and his God.
Sleep, brave defenders of your country, sleep;
Your graves are hallowed by a nation's
love;
And angels shall their vigils o'er you keep,
For each lone resting place is known above.
Rest, heroes, for your honor is secure;
Forever safe from scandal's blighting
breath,
Your fame through all the ages shall endure,
True sons of liberty, in life and death.
God of our fathers, by thy mighty hand
Lead thou our nation in the ways untried;
May we be faithful to our native land,
True to the Stars and Stripes for which
they died.
And if our priceless heritage to keep,
Freedom and right at any cost maintain,
Then they who in the far-off islands sleep
Have not laid down their noble lives in
vain.
Just Among Ourselves.
The Pacific Monthly has come to stay.
That much is settled. So the doubting
ones who stood aloof and said, "It can't
be done" can best get into line now by
subscribing and doing their part to help
us build up a great magazine in the Pa-
cific Northwest. We are going to do
it — that is settled, too. But we are not
going to attempt any great splurge.
Our policy is rather to grow gradually
and surely — how could it be otherwise
in Portland? We've had a hard fight of
if this last year — there's no denying
that, but we have won out (our record is,
all things considered, the best of any
periodical that has ever been started on
this coast), and we've buckled on our
armor for another hard fight, and we
are not afraid of the result, so you
needn't be. Did you ever think seri-
ously for a few minutes what a splendid
thing it would be to have a great mag-
azine published in the Northwest? What.
a source of pride and gratification it
would be to you, to your town, to your
state? Irrespective of our stand or in-
terest in the matter, could there really
be any other one undertaking that has
such wonderful possibilities in it? Of
course there would not be many possi-
bilities in an undertaking of this kind if
we were to keep aloof from our readers,
but we shall endeavor more and more
to make this your magazine, kind
reader, a mutual proposition in which
your interest in its progress will be as
great as ours. And we are not build-
ing our structure upon false hopes or
sand. There is a great field here for a
magazine such as we have in mind. The
valleys and hills of the great West are
capable of supporting a tremendous
population, and this fact is just begin-
ning to be appreciated by the world. We
can say that here is the most favored re-
gion on the whole earth — and you are
here and we are here. Shall we not,
then, lift up our faces and be glad?
When smiling valleys and snowclad
mountains, majestic rivers and all that
is grand and glorious in nature urge us
on to our best shall we lag and be skep-
tical? Let us put our shoulders to the
wheel. Let us make the most of our op-
portunities— make the most of our pos*
sibilities in education, in literature, in
art, in the great business world. The
Pacific Monthly hopes to encourage
these things, to take a part in the de-
velopment of this wonderful region.
Our aims are high, and we shall do our
best, but after all much depends upon
the attitude of the people of the North-
west. That it will be even more satis-
factory in the future than it has been in
the past we have not the smallest doubt.
* * *
You can be happy if you will; the trouble
of it is — you won't.
* sH *
The 'Pacific SMonthty's cAttitude
Toward 'Politics.
This magazine is in no sense a par-
tisan journal, nor will it ever become
such. Political subjects have been
treated in some of the departments, be-
cause politics is perhaps the most fas-
cinating and absorbing subject that oc-
cupies the attention of the nation, and
no periodical which proposes to keep
abreast of the times can well afford to
disregard this fact. Our department,
"Questions of the Day," has therefore
been reserved for those of our readers
who wish to express themselves on any
subject that might properly come under
that heading. We shall always en-
deavor, however, to have both sides of
any question stated. Editorially there
will be no expression of opinion. We
make this explanation at this time for
those who may not have clearly under-
stood our position, and for the benefit
of the large number of new subscribers
which has recentlv been added to our
list.
OUR <POINT OF VIEW.
175
The man who lives is one who orders his
life well; who sleeps well, eats well, and
works well, and allows nothing to interfere.
The others exist.
* * *
Any suggestions from our readers in
regard to the manner of conducting our
departments, subjects to be treated, or
ideas to be carried out, will receive the
most grateful and considerate attention
by the editors, and are respectfully and
earnestly solicited from all.
* * *
If I were a woman I would rather be able
to cook a good meal and manage a house
than be Queen Victoria.
* * *
White.
In one of our large universities a
study was recently made as to the effect
of colors and their relative importance
in daily life. Much stress was laid upon
red and blue, but, strange to say, white
received comparatively little attention.
Yet there is no color that has so many
marvelous facts connected with it. The
world has always put a peculiar estima-
tion upon white. It has been used as
the symbol of purity from time imme-
morial, and there is that something
about it that defies time or explanation.
It is a standard towards which the whole
world of mankind, as well as plant and
animal life, seem to unconsciously move.
We believe it to be true that, as a rule,
perfection is reached as white is ap-
proached. There are, of course, excep-
tions to this, but there are enough im-
portant instances in accord with it to
make it a rule. The most perfect race
on earth is the white race. The most
perfect heat is a white heat, and the
most perfect light is a white light. The
best and most nourishing bread is white,
and most of the best foods are white.
The most perfect and efficacious medi-
cines, we believe, are white medicines.
The most perfect flowers are white.
These few examples will suffice to sug-
gest our line of thought, but many oth-
ers could be mentioned. There are oth-
er facts connected with white that are
equally interesting:. It is the most en-
during of the colors. It is used more
than any other, and yet, paradoxical as
it may seem, it is the color that is used
when the fairer and gentler sex appear
at their best. Webster's dictionary says
that "white was used as a term of en-
dearment or favor, especially to a favor-
ite child or dependent." Dr. Busby
used to call his favorite scholars his
"white boys." Probably the present
similar use of white, commonly sup-
posed to be slang, can be traced back
to this origin. Webster also gives the
following definitions of white: "Charac-
terized by freedom from that which de-
files, disturbs, and the like; hence, in-
nocent; fortunate; happy; favorable/'
An example of this usage is found in
Walter Scott's works: "On the whole,
however, the dominie reckoned this as
one of the white days of his life." No
color, then, has the significance or im-
portance possessed by white. It holds a
unique and very peculiar place, and may
have a deeper meaning than the world
yet understands.
* * *
You can gain anything you wish if you
will sacrifice enough for it.
Consumption.
The medical profession has struggled
in vain for centuries to find some rem-
edy for that dreadful malady — consump-
tion. Yet the labor has not been en-
tirely fruitless, for some of the long-
accepted theories have been overthrown
by recent investigation. One of these
theories, and a very important one,
which is now disregarded by the en-
lightened medical men of today, is that
consumption was, in the majority of
cases, an hereditary disease. The very
opposite of this is now believed to be
the case. Investigation has proven that
it is a very rare thing to find an heredi-
tary case of consumption, while the ma-
jority of cases are those which have been
brought on by a disregard of the laws
of health. This is a fact of great im-
portance to mankind, and one that will
prt)ve of incalculable assistance to the
medical profession in meeting, resisting
or preventing the spread of such a re-
lentless disease. An ounce of preven-
tion in this case will equal several hun-
dred pounds of cure.
* * *
The trouble with people is that they don't
care; or, if they do care, that is often as far
as it goes.
The sketch which Mrs. Duniway pre-
sents in these two brief paragraphs is
too true to life, and too realistically
drawn to be passed lightly by.
"Our pioneer women had not long
been property-holders before they be-
came taxpayers. Then, gradually, the
truth dawned upon them, as they toiled
to pay the taxgatherer, that 'taxation
without representation is tyranny,' and
"governments derive their just powers
from the consent of the governed.' By
and by the son of the pioneer grew up
and left the farm, with its old-fashioned,
meager equipments, which satisfied the
good old father, who, while he lived, had
tried in vain to curb the aspirations of
the boy. And~"the son became an in-
ventor, an actor, a speculator, a printer,
a publisher, a doctor, a prize-fighter, a
soldier, a banker, a broker, an editor, a
politician, a merchant — an anything but
a plodding, half-way tiller of the soil his
parents loved.
"Then the daughter, finding the
young man had left the farm, came also
to the city, and began to crowd her
brother in the race for livelihood. The
young man co-operated with his fellows
and built a clubhouse — and still the
maiden was alone. But she would work
cheaper than he, chiefly because she
could not run life's race with him, ex-
cept in ruinous competition. So she
lived in a 7x9 room, with an oil stove
and a folding-bed! and more and more
she crowded him to the wall. And it
was a life of independence compared to
that which she had left. Her meager
wage sufficed for food and clothes and
shelter. She had discovered herself, and
for a time she was satisfied."
Whether or not the remedy which
she suggests would prove effective, is a
matter of doubt, but that the "self-dis-
covered" woman is not particularly
pleased with her present situation is ap-
parent to all who presume to read the
"signs of the times." In spite of her
boasted independence, it is easy to be-
lieve that Mrs. Duniway has caught the
gist of her soliloquy in the words which
she puts into the mouth of the wage-
earner: "This box wherein I sleep is not
a home? I toil at half wages, and I am
ostracized from the society in which my
favored sister and brother shine. I have
no hope in posterity, for I cannot marry.
But I must live, and I am not content!"
It is mockery to be told to keep to
her home, seeing that she has only that
7x9 room where no love is. And "when
you remind her that 'marriage is her
proper sphere,' she is confronted with
the fact that the modern bachelor is not
a marrying man."
Madame Sarah Grand has been tell-
ing the women's clubs of Philadelphia
about the influence of "chiffon" upon
the progress of the world. She thinks
that the noble pioneers of what is termed
the "woman movement'' made a great
mistake in "ignoring the potency of
dress and trifles." '
* * *
"Love, real love, is not afraid of pov-
erty or of anything else."
Carriage and dress are part of the cul-
tured atmosphere of womanhood. If
we are not judged by appearances, how
else are we judged? Appropriate dress-
ing is all important, short hair manly;
coats and skirts and a sailor hat will not
carry the average woman through life.
* * *
In true married life everything is
poetry; and in the person who is loved
everything is noble. — Michelet.
MEN AND WOMEN.
177
The divine character is built up slowly
by taking loyal hold of the diviner possi-
bilities of human science.
* * *
There is a speech without words
which is understood without having
been at school, and which is read with-
out having learned to read books. —
Lamartine.
* * *
When indivduals have sailed together
a certain number of years they become
friends from a similarity of destinies,
from sympathy of views, from resem-
blances of places, times and moral liv-
ing together in the same ship, sailing
toward an unknown shore. To be con-
temporaries is almost being friends, if
they are good; the earth is a family
hearth, life a kindred relationship. One
may differ in ideas, in tastes, even in
convictions, while they are floating, but
we cannot keep from feeling a secret
tenderness for the one who is floating
with us. — Lamartine.
Let every woman think there are no
limits to her progress, and let her be-
lieve it, and make this a living action in
her life. With confidence and hope, she
can feel a new energy and inspiration to
conquer the crisis of life.
* * *
As soon as a girl grows old enough
to think of the possibility of marriage
educate her to think of it not as a set-
tlement in life, but as the outcome and
crown of an honest, healthy, real love.
It is in the hours of toil, responsibili-
ties and daily duties that the sincere
woman rises above her environments.
She feels the abounding life and glad-
ness, and mets each new morning with
enthusiasm and good will to all man-
kind.
"A violet without perfume is like a
woman without a soul."
The Woman Who Stands Alone.
You have passed the gates of trouble,
Wiped away your tears for aye;
Seen fear vanish like a bubble.
Loss? There's nothing lost, you say.
Pain you've met and learned to dare it,
Care has like a phantom flown.
Grief? Like victor's crown you wear it,
You who calmly stand alone.
Others 'mongst the dead or living
Have seen love or felt his dart;
You, a very queen in giving,
You have pressed him to your heart.
Why should those we love delude us? ,
For his life you'd given your own;
Yet he kissed like traitorous Judas,
Called your foes — left you, alone.
But for you, all hope must perish;
Darkest billows o'er you roll,
Ere you could be taught to cherish
All the power of your soul.
Death can never more alarm you;
Life eternal is your own;
Baseless hopes no more can charm you,
You can smile, and stand alone.
Look down on the world's wild riot,
Where men struggle, curse — and die.
Unmoved, in your spirit's quiet,
Calmly watch the swift years fly.
Gaze adown the coming ages,
Careless though the storms ne'er cease;
Smile while death's fierce tempest rages.
Somewhere, God has written, "Peace."
cAdonen.
SOME OF THE THINGS PEOPLE SAY ABOUT IT.
What is Home?
The golden setting, in which the
brightest jewel is "mother."
A world of strife shut out, a world of
love shut in.
Home is the blossom, of which heav-
en is the fruit.
The only spot on earth where the
faults and failings of fallen humanity
are hidden under the mantle of charity.
The place where the great are some-
times small, and the small often great.
The father's kingdom, the children's
paradise, the mother's world.
The jewel casket, containing the most
precious of all jewels — domestic happi-
ness.
Where you are treated best and you
grumble most.
Home is the central telegraph office
of human love, into which run innum-
erable wires of affection, many of which,
though extending thousands of miles,
are never disconnected from the one
great terminus.
The center of our affections, around
which our heart's best wishes twine.
A little hollow scooped out of the
windy hill of the world, where we can
be shielded from its cares and annoy-
ances.
"The home means the perfection of
the child life for which it exists."
The household and its management
is the most important factor in national
prosperity.
* * *
Domestic science should become a
part of every girl's education. When
girls are taught and trained to keep
house, as boys are educated for profes-
sions, there will be more homes and few-
er boarding-houses in the land and more
happy wives and wise mothers.
"The twentieth century household de-
mands of its manager, first of all, the
scientific understanding of the sanitary
requirements of a human habitation;
second, a knowledge of the values, abso-
lute and relative, of the various articles
which are used in the house, including
food; third, a system of account keeping
that shall make possible a close watch
upon expenses; fourth, an ability to se-
cure from others the best they have to
give, and to maintain a high standard of
honest work."
Dr. W. B. Sampson, who is an ardent
advocate of and the originator of what
he is pleased to term "lacteropathy,"
gives the following treatment as a cure
for smallpox. He claims that it is an
infallible remedy.
Mode of Treatment.
Lay three or more blankets on a mat-
tress and take a single sheet, only
large enough to envelop the body, and
if the weather be cold, first warm the
sheet, then saturate the sheet with about
a pint and a half of warm milk (not
boiled), and open out the sheet without
wringing it, and lay it on the top of the
blankets. Then pack the patient in the
sheet tightly round the body, under the
arms, covering the shoulders on each
side with the top of the sheet, the arms
resting bare on the sheet. Then pack
the blankets one by one over the body
on each side and let the patient lie in
this pack for, say, an hour. When taken
off he can either be sponged all over
with warm water, or take a warm bath.
1HE HOME.
179
The following recipe for "taffy" by a
graduate of Lasell should be in every
household. The second recipe by the
same author, however, we do not rec-
ommend :
Any one who is accustomed to make
frequent use of this dish should learn
this recipe by heart, in order to prepare
it on short notice.
Take two teacupfuls of carefully as-
sorted compliments, mixed thoroughly
with sugar of exaggeration until each
compliment is covered. Add a few drops
of oil of common sense and two or three
kisses, according to disposition. This
should boil half an hour and should be
served just before demanding a favor.
The effect will be instantaneous and ex-
tremely satisfactory.
To prepare this palatable dish, take
three hours of fooling in the evening,
beat carefully to a stiff froth, adding
page by page and with exceeding care a
chapter from the last sensational novel
smuggled into the room. Now pour in
a half wineglassful of gossip and season
with half a dozen jokes from Truth.
This should bake all night and be turned
out in the morning. You will be sur-
prised to find in the pan a beautifully
browned and well-done scolding, which
should be served hot.
Interchange.
When summer glows from South to North,
Her flower-embroidered mantle wearing,
The city sends her myriads forth
On pleasure's errands gaily faring,
Seeking the shellfish by the sea,
The mountain trout, so timid-hearted,
The wood bird's tender minstrelsy,
Till heat and fever have departed;
To climb o'er peaks and rocky domes,
Seeking the glacier's icy homes;
Or view from heights the flowery fields,
And all the charms the country yields.
When winter comes and fields are brown.
And pictures of the wood-aisles hidden,
The country goes to view the town,
A guest to merry feasting bidden.
And in the city windows sees,
Where, reproduced by cunning fingers,
The summer's scenes, her spreading trees,
Her beauty and her color lingers.
Then, what the city's charm completes,
To view at night far-reaching streets,
Like garden paths a-bloom with light,
The many-colored flowers of night.
'Belle W. Cooke.
San Francisco, January, 1900.
PSYCH ISM
By Paul Gibier, M. D.
Bulletin Publishing Co., N. Y.
"Psychism" is on the same lines as
"A Scientific Demonstration of a Fu-
ture Life," by Hudson, and others of
that class, using the manifestations of
psychic phenomena and the occult as a
basis upon which to build the theory of
future existence. Dr. Gibier has been a
member of the Society for Psychical Re-
search of London for several years, and
is the director of the New York Pasteur
institute. For 15 years he has been in-
vestigating this matter among some of
the most noted mediums and hynotic
subjects, and is firmly convinced of the
truth of these demonstrations. He rec-
ognizes the fact that many of the clair-
voyants and "psychics" are arrant frauds
and pretenders, but enough has been
shown him to prove (to him, at least)
that some can communicate with the
world beyond, and that the spirits of the
departed can, under certain conditions
reveal themselves to the living. The
doctor reasons that man is made up of
three component parts: The body, or
material part, the energy, or life, and the
intelligence or spirit. The spirit can
leave the body temporarily, as in
dreams, delirium, unconsciousness, etc.,
but is controlled by the energy, or life,
and brought back; but when, from acci-
dent or lack of strength, this is not ef-
fected, then dissolution, or death, as it is
termed, ensues.
Unfortunately, the author lacks the
power to express himself in a lucid man-
ner, but his earnestness and faith are
nevertheless convincing, and one sees
as he sees through suggestion, not argu-
mentation. To those who are drifting
toward a belief in annihilation, this book
is earnestlv commended.
• * *
"The Muse of Brotherhood" is Ed-
ward Markham's last and greatest poem.
It is published in the Saturday Evening
Post.
LIFE BEYOND DEATH.
By Minot Judson Savage, D. D.
G. P. Putnam's Sons.
This work is a more pretentious one
than Gibier's "Psychism," but reaches
the same conclusion, namely: There is
a future life, and it is capable of demon-
stration.
The inspiration for the book is found
in the loving dedication to the author's
son, who died early last summer.
The belief in immortality is shown to
have existed from the earliest records
of mankind, even among the most sav-
age and degraded tribes. The concep-
tion of it varied as the races varied in
character. The American Indian looked
forward to the happy hunting-ground,
well stocked with game, the Scandina-
vian to the hall of Valhalla, where the
brave warriors again fought their bat-
tles, and the Mohammedans to rose-
scented gardens, melodious with the
songs of birds, and peopled with dark-
eyed houris. The fact, however, of an
almost universal inborn belief in the fu-
ture life, leads the author to regard it as
well founded.
He brings out the history of clairvoy-
ance from ancient times, including the
"Witch of Endor," to that of the present
day. Dr. Savage is of the opinion that
specially constituted individuals have
the power of communicating with those
of the "great beyond," and cites many
personal experiences in proof of the
same. He does not fall back upon the
Scriptural writing to any extent, but
bases his belief upon analogy and rea-
son. The poets are freely quoted in
corroboration, and again we hear Whit-
tier say
"That life is ever lord of death,
And love can never lose its own,"
and the familiar sweet words of Long-
fellow:
There is no death! What seems so is transition,
brings once more its message of conso-
lation.
The gifted author has in this work
"BOOKS.
M
added to his already great reputation
as a writer, and one hopes that he may
yet give us another of its kind.
always be retained in the memory of
those who see in these examples the
true meaning and lesson of life.
THE QUEEN'S TWIN, AND OTHER STORIES.
By Sarah Orne Jewett.
Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston.
It is always with a feeling of pleasant
anticipation tiiat one takes up a volume
of stories by Miss jewett, and her last
one issued, entitled "The Queen's
Twin," makes us only regret that there
are so few of them written. Her stories
of New England, while rich in local col-
or, have none of that stern, grim Puri-
tanism which pervades the work of
some writers in this field. There is a
kindly, genial tone to her characteriza-
tions, and a flavor (like the red-cheeked
apples of this region of granite soil and
fierce summer sunshine) of old wine of
a rare vintage.
The initial story of the book is of a
gentle, lovable old lady living alone in
a picturesque cottage on the Maine coast
who was called the "Queen's Twin," as
she was born at the same hour as Queen
Victoria. There was also a strange co-
incidence in the husbands of both hav-
ing the name of Albert, and the first
four children of both being given the
same Christian names.
The best story of the volume is with-
out question "Martha's Lady," and
brings out strongly the unwavering loy-
alty and fidelity of a neglected country
girl to a young lady from the city who
has encouraged her. Forty years of ab-
sence has not changed the love of her
girlhood days, and Sunday afternoons
always found her seated at her chamber
window with the "little wooden box"
open before her, looking fondly over the
gifts and trinkets sent her long years
ago.
"Aunt Cynthy Dallett" is told in Miss
Jewett's best style, while the "Night Be-
fore Thanksgiving," although a well-
worn theme, gets a new charm in the
dainty handling of it.
The admirers of the author of "Deep-
haven" will not be disappointed in this
last work of hers, and her pictures of
the self-sacrificing women and men will
BANDANNA BALLADS.
By Howard Weeden.
Doubleday & McClure, New York.
This attractive volume, with its vign-
ette in ivory and gold on the cover,
makes a good impression at first sight,
which is strengthened when the interior
is seen. Miss Weeden has brought be-
fore us the "quality negroes" of the pe-
riod before the war, both in portraits
and verse, and every one familiar with
the South will recognize the types of the
old-time darkies at once. Each por-
trait has its appropriate poetry, and the
author seems to have caught the rhythm
and melody for which the colored peo-
ple were famous. Here we see one old
darky sighing for the "good old times"
and complaining:
'I haven't cooked a 'possum, Lord!
For such a long, long time,
And anothdr homesick and crying
pathetically :
I long to see a cotton field
Once more before I go,
All hot and splendid, roll its miles
Of sunny summer snow.
The "man with the hoe" voices his
philosophy thus:
You can always depend on de fields an' de sky
Whichever way other things go,
An' de res' will get plain in time to de man
Who keeps a good grip on his hoe.
One of the best portraits is one of the
old "mammy,'' so dear to every South-
erner's heart; that loving autocrat of
the household — whose word was law,
from which there was no appeal:
One face shines whiter than the dawn.
And steadfast as a star,
None but my mother's face could shine
So bright — and be so far!
The other dark one leans from heaven,
Brooding still to calm me;
Black as if ebon rest had found
Its image in my mammy!
* * *
Joel Chandler Harris has written an
appreciative introduction, in which he
looks regretfully back to the old times
when "Here was to be found the court-
esy, the refinement, the dignity, the
182
THE PACIFIC ^MONTHLY.
touch of condescension which the old-
time negroes caught from their masters.
Alas! that the successors and descend-
ants of these old negroes should now
everywhere answer to the name of
'coons,' and that their rich melodies
should be degraded into the vulgar and
disgusting 'rag-time' songs."
DANGER SIGNALS.
By Edward S. Tabor.
The Abbey Press, New York.
The Abbey Press is a new publishing
house whose books are admirably got-
ten out. In the way of paper, type and
binding there is little left to be desired.
This book, "Danger Signals," is written
with an obvious purpose, and while it
is never a wise thing to try to reform an
evil by preaching about it and painting
pen pictures of its hideousness, there are
many hands into which this work may
fall that will make right use of it. The
author is evidently an ardent supporter
of W. C. T. U. principles, and there is
no question about his earnestness. Also,
he sees clearly, not only the evils that
affect modern society, but the proper
remedies as well. He is not a dreamer
of dreams, a visionary, but practical re-
former who would bring about better
social conditions by simple and natural
methods. With the exception of one or
two pages which good taste would have
been glad to dispense with, the book is
interesting, instructive and well and
strongly written, and certainly no
thoughtful person can read it without
profit. Such books are not perused for
pleasure.
BIRD NOTES.
By June McMillan Ordway.
Wright Publishing Co., Portland.
Madame Norelli, to whom this ex-
quisite little song is dedicated, speaks
of it in terms of the highest praise. Mrs.
Ordway is soon to publish other of her
musical compositions. She is already
known to the world of song by the
patriotic production, "Our Country
Grand," which has been so often sung
during the last two years.
* * *
In the February number of the Cen-
tury, Captain Slocum, of the Spray, con-
cludes the account of his three years'
cruise around the world. Nothing more
interesting than this story, simply told,
of a solitary voyage in a little sloop no
larger than a pleasure boat could be im-
agined. To those who love the sea it is
exhilarating, inspiring. Every line
thrills with the unwritten romance and
mystery of the deep, which can be felt
but never told.
Unspoken.
In drifting boat
Sit man and girl;
Their thoughts remote
And hearts awhirl.
Their fancies play
As free winds blow,
Where shadows stray,
Or streamlets flow.
In mystic gloom
And hazy air,
'Mid wild perfume
They drifted there.
The loon's far cry
The silence smote
Like words on sky
The Magi wrote.
"Cast off the troll
For foolish fish?
Upon my soul
I only wish
"To think and dream;
With you I live,
Then only seem
To have and give."
The lake was cross'd
And cross'd again;
Campfire was lost —
Time was not then.
The day had come
When they must part.
If lips were dumb —
From heart to heart
No message bore;
Yet Nature, bold,
Them o'er and o'er
The secret told.
But, wards of Fate,
Not theirs the prize;
At Destiny's gate
The joylight dies.
C. H. Sholes.
A STUDY.
It was nearing the close of a hot,
tiresome day, and he was glad to have
the opportunity of going to the woods
to indulge in the habit he called "reas-
oning." Reasoning!
That's what he thought it was, but
then he didn't know; his mind was too
clouded and dissipated by long practice
of this same thing for him to perceive
the difference.
He walked to the woods and threw
himself upon the grass at the edge of
the large pond. For some moments he
lay there looking up at the hazy sky.
And then, naturally, he began to
think: "I am not poetic, else I should
be impressed by the largeness of the
heavens.
"To me the sight brings recollections
of days in grinding college life — a vision
of chalk-dusty classroom, sleepy stu-
dents, book shelves loaded with dry
text-books.
"The sky repeats my story — oppor-
tunity, promise, effort, discouragement,
failure, utter surrender. What am I
now? A butterfly in the garden of lit-
erature, sipping here and there as my
impulses direct, and going deep into
nothing."
As time wore on the sky became less
hazy, the sun sank lower and lower. At
last — sunset. He was vaguely conscious
of the change, and he knew he should
have risen and gone to his evening meal.
Suddenly he turned on his side and
faced the west. The sky was one sea
of splendid color. As he gazed in ad-
miration his bitter self-consciousness left
him. Peaceful thoughts took form and
passed; he ceased to feel weighed down
by himself.
Once he had been a hypnotist, and
now the old sleep formula came back to
him. He smiled in pleasant anticipation.
"I will change the formula from sleep
to peace. Ah! the herd little knows what
rapture is in the power of a human
mind! 'Peaceful, contented, quiet, but
tired, drowsy, drowsy, forgetful, happy,
oh, so happy!' "
The spell of his own cultivated power
had taken possession of him, and he
wandered in the paradise that was his
conception of highest happiness.
Time passed from minutes into hours.
The colors in the western sky faded into
an all-pervading gloom just as his
youthful hopes had paled and lost them-
selves in the gloom of experience. He
expanded, he grew, he wandered on in
the self-willed deception, ever higher,
higher.
The law of compensation must have
been paying him for his usual wretch-
edness.
The little, sympathetic frogs came
out and sang a chorus of contentment,
and the world went to sleep.
***** * *
At last, late in the night, he resumed
consciousness, bitter consciousness.
Stiff with the damp and cold, he arose
and started back to the city. His ex-
alted mental state was paid for in the
pains of his physical man. Paid for?
Never! A life time of wretchedness is
slight in comparison to an hour of that
life which is stored in an intelligent,
human brain, but which nearly always
dies a stranger to its possessor.
* * * * =fc >f; >fc
Some months later he was found dead
at the edge of the pond.
He had passed an unusually trying
day and had sought the woods at sun-
set. The usual thing had happened, but
it had gone farther.
From "reasoning" he had gone into
bis only "happiness," and "happiness"
had been followed by oblivion — the
yielding of the misused brain. With
the light of this late peace on his. face
his wretched life had dissolved.
Loris SMelikoff Johnson.
This Department is for the use of our readers, and expressions, limited to six hundred words, are
solicited on subjects relating 'to any social, religious or political question. All manuscript sent in must bear
the author's name, though a nom de plume will be printed if so desired. The publishers will not, of course,
be understood as necessarily endorsing any of the views expressed.
AMERICA'S FEELING TOWARDS ENGLAND.
At this moment, when another Eng-
lishman (and one whose name will go
ringing down the corridors of time by
simple virtue of that daring and original
question, "What would you do if Christ
came to Chicago?") is congratulating
himself upon his success as a prophet
■of evil, it may seem presumptuous in
me to rush into print with the avowed
hope and expectation of lifting a corner
of the mantle of gloom cast about us by
the pessimistic predictions of this man
who seems to see all things "as in a glass
darkly."
Perhaps it is due to the fact that I
was born under an optimistic planet and
so inherited from the stars an extra-
ordinary fund of hopefulness, that I can-
not quite agree with Mr. Stead when
he writes in large, indigo-colored letters
upon the wall his "mene, mene," but it
stays one mightily to know that there
are still several millions of level-
headed Anglo-Saxons left who uphold
me in my belief that England and Eng-
lish-speaking people are destined to rule
the world, and who refuse to quake in
their boots at the dire announcement
that the empire, stripped of its armor,
has its hands tied behind its back, and
its bare throat exposed to the keen knife
of its bitterest enemies."
But granting such to be the case, I
take it that we could count upon our
friends to rally to the defense at the first
threat of real danger. America, for her
own protection, must stand by England
and cry "hands off" to all who would
dare to take advantage of her in her time
of stress. But America would do this
for other and lesis selfish reasons.
Set in this stormy northern sea,
Queen of these restless fields of tide,
England, what shall men say of thee,
Before whose feet the seas divide?
They may say much that is not alto-
gether approving, they may criticise and
condemn, but when it comes to the dan-
ger point, when England and English
institutions are threatened with annihila-
tion, our neighbor republic will not look
on, inactive or silent.
"England is our mother." America
has said it too often to have forgotten
or to ever forget. Does a child repu-
diate a parent simply because having
grown to years of discretion and respon-
sibility it has set up a separate estab-
lishment and maintains the right to self-
government?
English-speaking people are blood-
kin the world over, and "blood is thicker
than water" is the editorial opinion of
this magazine voiced in its "Point of
View" only last month. America will
"see that there is fair play," to quote fur-
ther from the same text. "We cannot
stand idly by, should complications
arise, and see England, our mother coun-
try, set upon by all Europe as by a pack
of hounds bent upon her destruction."
This sentiment, expressed, reluctantly
as it would seem, is, at heart, the senti-
ment of the people of the United States,
in spite of petitions to the president for
interference in behalf of the Boers.
America may sympathize with Oom
Paul — even Englishmen pay tribute to
the Boer as a fighting man, but she will
stand by England should the need arise.
And it is to this one fact that I wish to
call Mr. Stead's attention, for he seems
to have entirely overlooked it in his
QUESTIONS OF THE 'DAY.
185
eagerness to hurry the nation on to a
dismal and disastrous end.
It may be true, as he is so anxious to
have us believe "that there would not
be more than the thickness of a piece of
tissue of paper between us and a war
with France if any incident arose which
kindled popular passion on either side of
the Channel." But so long as that thick-
ness, or, more properly speaking, thin-
ness exists, or even should it cease to
exist, there is not sufficient danger to
justify Mr. Stead's lamentation. What,
for instance, if it should come to pass
that all our battle-ships should be tem-
porarily withdrawn, as he predicts, and
that
The strong sea-lion of England's wars
Must leave his sapphire care of sea,
To battle with the storm that mars
The star of England's chivalry.
There would still be found a force
strong enough to protect the British
isles from foreign invasion. Let men
like Mr. Stead, who see only the dark
side of the shield, remember England's
past; let them recall the fact that she
has given "For every inch of ground a
son"; that though today a monarchy in
name, she is and has long been repub-
lican in her form of government; that
she stands! for republican institutions —
for true democracy,
And when this fiery web is spun
Her watchmen shall descry from far
The new republic like a sun
Rise from these crimson seas of war.
And so, loving England, loyal to her
institutions and believing in the loyalty
of our "brothers in blood," and in the
ultimate triumph of English arms and
English chivalry, I subscribe myself,
yours, most respectfully,
Clarence Dangers.
A Sonnet.
O wide, eternal, depth-unmeasured sea,
Of which no wave e'er breaks upon the shore,
Thou wast and must remain forevermore,
Till ev'ry soul is set from bondage free,
And time is lost in vast eternity.
O Sea of Death, thy mists are never torn
Apart by sounds of life, by breezes borne!
O mysterious, dark, unfathomed gloom,
Eternal silence reigneth over thee!
The horrors of a never-ending night —
A darkness that is never pierced by light,
But hangs amidst a silence deep and cold,
That light or life of earth can ne'er find room
To stay when thy dark mists around them fold.
Edith SM. Church.
Winter on Puget Sound.
Can I forget that gray, chill day,
Upon the steely waters of the Sound,
When, with the salt spray in my face,
I stood for hours and watched
The broad, white path the vessel left
All shuddering from its contact?
Ever and anon the gulls,
The grand white gulls,
The silent, soft, strong, sympathetic gulls,
Would rise in triumph from the wayes,
As if they spurned the element that gave them
life,
And sought companionship with man.
O gulls, O waves, O breezes of the sea,
How strong ye are! How tireless! and how
Bernice E. §Njz<well.
In Politics —
The trend of thought and events dur-
ing the past month has been in the di-
rection of casting the republican party
more firmly in favor of the permanent
retention of the Philippines, while the
democratic party is becoming more and
more opposed to the idea. Judging by
the present conditions, this will be the
chief issue upon which the parties will
divide. Senator Beveridge's speech in
the senate January 9 is regarded as "the
real opening declaration from the repub-
lican side regarding the Philippine pol-
icy." Senator Beveridge said, in part:
"The Philippines are ours forever, 'territory
belonging- to the United States,' as the con-
stitution calls them. And just beyond the
Philippines are China's illimitable markets.
We will not retreat from either. We
will not repudiate our duty in the archi-
pelago. We will not abandon our opportu-
nity in the Orient. We will not renounce
our part in the mission of our race, trustee,
under God, of the civilization of the world.
And we will move forward to our work, not
howling out regrets like slaves whipped to
their burdens, but with gratitude for a task
worthy to Almighty God that he has marked
us as his chosen people, henceforth to lead
in the regeneration of the world.
"This island empire is the last land left in
all the oceans. If it should prove a mistake
to abandon it, the blunder once made would
be irretrievable. If it proves a mistake to
hold it, the error can be corrected, when we
will see every other progressive nation stands
ready to relieve us.
"But to hold it will be no mistake. Our
largest trade henceforth must be with Asia.
The Pacific is our ocean. More and more
Europe will manufacture all it needs — secure
from its colonies the most it consumes. Where
shall we turn for consumers of our surplus?
Geography answers the question. China is
our natural customer. She is nearer to us
than to England, Germany or Russia, the
commercial powers of the present and the fu-
ture. They have moved nearer to China by
securing permanent bases on her borders.
"The Philippines give us a base at the door
of all the East. Lines of navigation from
our ports to the Orient and Australia; from
the Isthmian canal to Asia; from all Oriental
ports to Australia, converge at and separate
from the Philippines. They are a self-support-
ing, dividend-paying fleet, permanently an-
chored at a spot selected by the Pacific. And
the Pacific is the ocean of the commerce of
the future. Most future wars will be conflicts
for commerce. The power that rules the Pa-
cific, therefore, is the pover that rules the
world. And, with the Philippines, that power
is and will forever be the American repub-
lic."
* * *
Senator Hanna, regarding the coming
republican convention and the national
issues (the first utterance he has made
on the question), has said:
"Of course, President McKinley will be
renominated, and, without doubt, he will re-
ceive every vote in the convention; but when
it comes to choosing his running mate and
deciding on the platform, there is likely to
be an abundance of excitement. . . . The
national issues will be, first, the prosperity of
the working people of the country; second,
the retention of the Philippines."
The Hamburg chamber of commerce,
in its annual report, characterizes the
trade relations of the United States and
Germany as unjust and unsatisfactory,
and places the blame for the situation
upon the Dingley tariff and the "harass-
ing restrictions and regulations to which
German exporters to the United States
are subjected."
* , + *
Mr. Bourke Cockran bases his change
of position upon what he is pleased to
term the "change of issues," and so
justifies his determination to support
W. J. Bryan for the presidency in 1900,
though he opposed him in 1896.
* * *
The Nation says that "something
ought to be done to check" the collec-
tion and expenditure of money in polit-
ical campaigns for corrupt purposes.
The evil having- grown to national pro-
portions can only be effected by the ap-
plication of a "national remedy."
* * *
The important issues affecting: the Pa-
cific coast are the Nicarag-ua canal bill
and the Hav-Pauncefote treatv. which
are at present engaging the attention of
congress.
THE €MONTH.
187
England is still firm in pressing the
South African war, and expresses con-
fidence in Generals Roberts and Buller.
The Boers continue to be victorious in
all engagements, and there is meanwhile
much suffering on either side from hun-
ger and disease.
* * *
Governor Roosevelt has made public
announcement of his intention to decline
the nomination for vice-presidency.
In Science —
A prehistoric fossil, a cross between
an alligator and a lizard, has been found
in Chile. It is believed to weigh about
six tons, and measures approximately
28 feet 11 inches in length. The head
is nine feet long, and the tail is 14 feet 11
inches long. Across the back it meas-
ures 9 feet 9 inches. The fossil is petri-
fied, and has considerable stone hanging
to it. It will be taken to Valparaiso.
* * *
Francisco de Borja Pavon, a Cuban
has invented an improved electro-mag-
netic machine.
* * *
The first Chinese electric railway is
now in operation, connecting the Peking
railway station with the south gate of
the city.
* * *
Dr. Schenk has been dismissed from
his professional positions by request of
the Vienna medical faculty for the "friv-
olous publication of scientific matter."
* * #
The London Journal, Engineering,
in a recent issue, contains an illustrated
description of a new freight locomotive,
one of 40 constructed at Dunkirk, N.
Y., for the Union Pacific railway.
* * *
The printing of books and periodicals
upon highly glossed paper is held to be
extremely injurious to the eyesight, so
much so that the growing practice has
provoked a united protest against it on
the part of English readers.
* * *
Liquid air is to be put to a practical
test in raising the Maine.
* * *
Inventive genius is just now being
brought to bear upon the solution of the
problem of saving the fine gold in which
the sands of Cape Nome are so rich.
The ordinary sluice box or flume is not
used with profit here because the sand
packs the riffles and neutralizes the sav-
ing device. An invention of very recent
date is being indorsed by practical min-
ers, mining engineers and mineralogists.
The salient features of this machine
are, first, that it has the same motion in
the panning that a Chinaman, who ex-
cels in that work, has in panning gravel
in an ordinary gold pan, and the agitat-
ing fingers have a lateral motion and
perform the same service on a large
scale that the man does in stirring up the
gravel in a gold pan in order to give the
gold an opportunity to gravitate to the
bottom of the pan It is claimed that
one man operating this invention can
furnish sufficient power to work from
thirty to forty tons of sand or gravel
daily. It requires less than one miner's
inch of water to run the machine to its
full capacity and less than one horse
power.
In Literature —
John Vance Cheney, in the contest
for the three prizes offered by a New
York man for the best answer to Edwin
Markham's "Man With the Hoe," was
awarded the first.
Nature reads not our labels, "great" and
"small";
Accepts she one and all
Who, striving, win and hold the vacant place;
All are of royal race.
Him, there rough cast, with rigid arm and
limb,
The Mother molded him,
Of his rude realm ruler and demigod,
Lord of the rock and sod.
With Nature is no "better," and no "worse,"
On this bared head no curse.
Humbled it is, and bowed; so is he crowned
Whose kingdom is the ground.
The third prize was awarded to Kate
Masterson, whose "Song" ends with the
following lines:
From the wealth of the living age,
From the garden grave of death,
Comes one acclaim like a furnace flame
Fanned to a white-hot breath —
Honor the man who toils
And the sound of the anvil's ring;
From a deathless sky a hand on high
Has reached to make a king.
188
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
Mrs. Helen C. Cander's book "How
Women May Earn a Living," which ap-
pears this month, is already exciting dis-
cussion. The volume aims to deal with
the problem wage-earning women from
a practical point of view, and that the
subject is one in which the public is
vitally interested is evidenced by this
early discussion.
* * *
"The Laws of Scientific Hand Read-
ing" is a book that is to be brought out
by G. P. Putnam's Sons to meet a pop-
ular demand. It is written by W. G.
Benham, who has given many years to
the subject along what he terms "the
most undisputed scientific channels."
In Art-
There is a reproduction in half-tone in
the Art Journal for January of one of
Mr. George W. Joy's pictures that in-
spires one with a longing to see the
original. It is Joan of Arc in full
armor lying asleep in her tent, her un-
sheathed sword ready to her hand. A
child angel kneeling at the sleeper's
feet keeps loving watch, and her out-
spread wings in the dim glow of the lamp
make a soft white glory in the place.
There is also in this number a remark-
ably good half-tone of Turner's mystic
"Plains of Enna."
* * *
The subscriptions to the fund in
charge of the permanent Dewey arch
committee amount already to more than
$200,000.
* * *
The exhibition of painting and sculp-
ture by Elihu Vedder at the gallery of
Williams & Everett, in Boston, was
considered the most important art event
of the season. The gallery was crowdeci
with visitors every day. "The Annaean
with visitors every dav. "The Armaean
Sibyl," "The Fair Goddess Fortune" and
"The Keeper of the Threshold" were
among the pictures attracting the most
attention. The exhibition has just been
reopened in New York.
* * *
The celebration in Antwerp last sum-
mer of the 300th anniversary of Van-
dyck has had the effect of stimulating in-
terest in the works of this great por-
trait painter, and as a result there has
been an exhibition of Vandyck pictures
at the Royal Academy in London this
winter.
* * *
The event of the month in Portland
has been the exhibition of Vandyck pic-
tures belonging to the Ladd collection
at the library, and which is to be fol-
lowed by a Rembrandt exhibition.
These pictures, the Vandycks, are for
the most part photographic reproduc-
tions made from the original paintings.
In Education —
Mrs. Emmons Blaine is building in
Chicago a school of pedagogy, which is
to cost $1,250,000.
It is claimed by those in charge of
the free circulating libraries in those sec-
tions of New York where the population
is largely of the poorer classes that the
best standard authors are constantly in
demand, and that less fiction is called
for than is the case in more prosperous
neighborhoods.
Mr. Robert Barr says: "The man
who would coin a word would coin a
lead dollar. * * * The only man
who has a right to coin a word is the
inventor who makes a machine which
comes into the world without a name,
and therefore needs one."
The reports at the beginning of the
month show the affairs of the university
of Oregon to be in an excellent condi-
tion.
In Religious Thought —
Rev. Charles M.. Sheldon, author of
"In His Steps," the book which created
such a sensation in England and Amer-
ica, will have control of the Topeka
Capital, of Topeka, Kan., for one week,
beginning March 13, and will edit the
newspaper as he thinks a Christian
daily should be edited.
* * *
William R. Moody is announced as
his father's biographer and his succes-
sor in evangelical work.
* * *
All the talk in missionary circles is of
the coming ecumenical conference,
which is to be held in April of this year.
THE €MONTH.
189
Leading Events —
Dec. 27. — Reports of rich strikes of gold
near Granite and Sumpter, Or., are corrob-
orated.
Dec. 28. — England withdraws from Samoa,
leaving the islands to the care of Germany
and United States.
Dec. 29. — Bubonic plague reported in Hon-
olulu.— Boers strongly intrenched at Colenso.
— Common council at Boston adopts a reso-
lution of sympathy for the Boers. — Reported
that England will secure Delagoa bay through
treaty with Portugal.
Dec. 30. — Towns abandoned by American
army in Philippines are being terrorized by
the Filipinos. — "Bradstreet's" gives 1899 as an
unprecedented year for increase of volume of
business and prices, and the record year for
exports.
Dec. 31. — European powers and Japan as-
sure the United States of their willingness to
maintain an "open door" in China. — Chicago
has a million-dollar fire.
Jan. 1. — German press very hostile over
British seizure of German imperial mail
steamer Bundesrath in Delagoa bay.
Jan. 2. — The Chicago drainage canal com-
pleted at a cost of $33,000,000.— The contest
in Kentucky between Goebel and Taylor for
Governor begins.
Jan. 3. — The University of Chicago adopts
the phonetic method of spelling.
Jan. 4. — The English under Methuen are at-
tempting to flank the Boers near Douglas. —
The financial bill is taken up by the senate.
Jan. 5. — The joint commission to hear the
contest in Kentucky was drawn by lot, and 10
of the 11 members are democrats. — The En-
glish seize another German steamer at Aden.
Jan. 6.— All American prisoners are rescued
from Filipinos. — General Baden-Powell at-
tacks the Boers at Gametree and is repulsed. —
The senate committee makes an adverse report
on Quay. — Germany greatly excited over
seizures.
Jan. 7. — Boers attack Ladysmith and are re-
pulsed.— Lipton will not challenge for Amer-
ica's cup this year.
Jan. 8. — White holds out at Ladysmith. —
Small engagements reported in the Philip-
pines.— The plague breaks out in Manila.
Jan. 9. — Senator Beveridge attracts attention
by his speech in the senate in favor of hold-
ing the Philippines. — The New York Journal
presents its loving cup to Admiral Dewey.
The cup is made of 70,000 melted dimes and
stands 6 feet in height.
Jan. 10. — Lord Roberts and Kitchener ar-
rive at the seat of war. — The Deutschland, the
most powerful ship afloat, is launched at Stet-
tin, Germany. — American flour, seized off Del-
agoa bay, is released. — Secretary Root states
that he will not be a candidate for the vice-
presidency.
Jan. 11. — Announcement is made that Lady-
smith has plenty of food, and can hold out
until summer if necessary.
Jan. 12.— White's situation at Ladysmith
becomes serious.— Buller reports a forward
movement.— The Kentucky contest becomes
more complicated.— The shipping subsidy bill
under consideration by the senate committee.
Jan. 13.— Republicans in Kentucky refuse to
vacate the offices if the legislature decides
against them.— Tight censorship shuts out
news from South Africa.
Jan. 14. — Report of agricultural department
shows that England, Germany and France are
our best customers. England comes first in
the extent of her purchases, and Germany
next.
Jan. 15. — Two British columns are march-
ing to relieve Ladysmith.— An effort is to be
made by the democrats "to pull Bryan down."
Jan. 16. — Boers sharply contesting Buller's
advance.— Samoan treaty ratified by senate.
Jan. 17.— Buller recrosses the Tugela.— •
House committee decides against Roberts.
Jan. 18. — Maryland democrats refuse to en-
dorse Bryan.
Jan. 19.— Great battle expected in South Af-
rica; Buller has 40,000 men.
Jan. 20.— John Ruskin dies.— British and
Boers meet near Ladysmith.
Jan. 21. — Feeling of confidence in England
over Buller's advance. — Ministers of Frank-
fort, Ky., appoint a day for prayer and humili-
ation.
Jan. 22. — Buller makes slow headway.
Jan. 23. — Buller cannot advance further.
— Roberts case comes up for final settlement.
Jan. 24. — General Warren's troops capture
Spionkop, dislodging the Boers.
Jan. 25. — The house refuses to give Roberts
a seat. — Body of 1,000 armed men arrive in
Frankfort, determined to see that justice is
done. — Chinese emperor reported dead.
Jan. 26. — Warren is forced to abandon Spi-
onkop.— Gloom in England.
Jan. 27. — Goebel victory in test vote in Ken-
tucky legislature.
Jan. 28. — Buller retreats, recrossing the Tu-
gela. Great disappointment in England.
Jan. 29. — Bourke Cockran promises to sup-
port Bryan.
Jan. 30. — William Goebel is shot down in
the streets of Frankfort, and is declared gov-
ernor by the contesting board.
Jan. 31. — Goebel is sworn in. — Taylor de-
clares martial law at Frankfort.
Feb. 1. — England has nearly 200,000 men in
South Africa.
Feb. 2. — Crisis at hand in Kentucky. Dem-
ocrats talk of raising troops.
Feb. 3. — Goebel dies, and Beckham declared
governor in his place. — Buller's army is again
engaged.
Feb. 4. — Better prospects in Kentucky.
Feb. 5. — Lord Roberts prepares to invade
the Free State. — Republicans and democrats of
Kentucky meet in conference in Louisville
and come to an agreement.
Feb. 6. — Thomas R. Bard is elected senator
from California.
Feb. 7. — Buller, Methuen and Gatacre ad-
CONDUCTED BY DOWNING, HOPKINS & CO.
To convey an idea of the extent to which
speculative operations on the New York stock
exchange have fallen off of late, it is but neces-
sary to refer to the record of daily transac-
tions. Less than 200,000 shares figured in
yesterday's total, and not more than a dozen
stocks found favor with the trading element.
This showing holds out slight encouragement
to the very large number of speculators far
removed from Wall street to come into the
market.
It is not easy to find a satisfactory explana-
tion for the inactivity of the big operators who
are considered the leaders in the bull cause.
They are doing practically nothing, offering as
an excuse the uncertainty surrounding affairs
in South Africa.
From the extraordinary amount of interest
manifested by the Wall-street people in the
war, one would imagine that the very life
of the market depended exclusively upon the
success or defeat of the English.
If the so-called leaders would turn their at-
tention from the war to domestic affairs, a far
more satisfactory state of things would soon
be noticeable. This nation is in no way inter-
ested in the trouble between John Bull and
Oom Paul, therefore it seems singular that
our security market should be allowed to
drift into its present position, while every fac-
tor of consequence at home favors a broader
speculation and better values. If our mar-
ket possesses the inherent strength which the
bulls claim it does, it should act independently
of what transpires in South Africa. What-
ever happens over there will, at best, produce
but a temporary effect.
If there is to be no permanent relief from
existing conditions until the war is brought
to an end, Wall street may as well begin to
prepare for a long siege of dullness and unsat-
isfactory prices.
Railway earnings, which in the early part
of the present month gave rather poor prom-
ise, are beginning to show a marked improve-
ment. Returns for the third week, as far as
received, are largely in excess of those for the
same period last year. The mild winter is, in
a great measure, responsible for the increased
earnings. There have been no snow block-
ades or severe weather to incur heavy losses.
Traffic has been handled without the
delays so common in previous winters, and
were it not for the scarcity of cars many roads
would make a far better showing. Good earn-
ings are the strong bull argument, and would
prove a great help to values were it not for
the feeling of apathy that has settled down
upon the speculative public at large, and has
Sooner or Later
You must read what we have to
say here, and sooner or later you
must think about it, but
What is the sense
of putting it off, and tramping
around in agony with a corn that
makes life miserable?
If you have a corn
and nearly everybody has — 3'ou
know what it means to suffer. We
simply want to tell you how to
secure relief. You can take ad-
vantage of it or not, but if you
do what we recommend, we guar-
antee you will get relief — that the
corn will be entirely removed, and
a clean white skin left in its place.
We have experimented
a great many years to achieve this
result. One thing will do it. We
don't know of anything else that
will. You are interested in know-
ing what will. It is
THE WILLAMETTE CORN CURE
A Clear and Colorless Fluid.
// will positively remove corns, and
leave natural skins in their places. It
sells for 25 cents a bottle {as reason-
ably as it can be made), and if you
are tortured with a corn and will give
our cure a trial, you wilt find that
what we say is a simple fact.
BOERICKE & RUNYON,
303 Washington St., Portland, Oregon.
WHEN WRITING OR PURCHASING, MENTION THE PACIFIC MONTHLY
THE FINANCIAL WORLD.
191
made it indifferent to the bright side of the
situation.
Considerable interest was manifested in the
speculative markets of the Chicago board of
trade during the month just closed, particu-
larly so in regard to wheat. Liquidation in the
absence of demand by export had carried
prices down to the lowest point during the
present crop year, when reports were circu-
lated that the growing crops in France had
been seriously damaged by frosts. Then
came news of injury to the growing plant
in Russia from the same cause. These
factors, coupled with the pronounced ad-
vance in prices in all European markets,
were mainly instrumental in creating a strong
tone to the market here, and so lifting it out
of the depression from which it had been suf-
fering for some little time past. Prices ad-
vanced materially on a fair demand on both
foreign and home account. Whether they
will continue to do so is a problem. Foreign
as well as domestic conditions will have a
great deal to do in solving it. Already this
has become manifest to a certain extent.
Rumors were prevalent that the bubonic
plague had broken out in Rosario, and a rigor-
ous cordon established. This will have the
effect of temporarily stopping shipments of
wheat from that port. Rumors of the same
trouble were also reported from Sydney, Aus-
tralia. Then, true or not, it is claimed that
a strong disposition exists on the part of the
American farmers to hold their stocks in the
hope of getting better prices for them than
now prevail.
It is an established fact that liberal quan-
tities of wheat will have to be purchased for
consumption in Europe before the coming
crops there are harvested. The question is,
where this wheat is to come from; and it is
fair to assume that there will be a sufficient
demand for it in this country to absorb a
greater part of the surplus stocks held in the
United States. In this event, a much strongei
and higher market in the near future should
be the result.
* * *
The Catholic church has begun a se-
ries of meetings in New York for non-
Catholics. In explaining the move-
ment, which is the first of the kind in
this country, Father-~-£foyle said that
numerous and repeated complaints had
been made on the part of the Protestant
churches of all denominations that they
were losing their hold on the masses.
It had 'been stated that the Protestant
church numbered on its rolls only 7 per
cent, of the population of Greater New
York, so that 93 per cent, are either
Catholics or out of the church alto-
gether. It was to reach this large un^-
clmrched class that this .movement was
commenced.
i| Amongst the
I minor ills of life
One of the very vjorst is laundry <zvork
that is badly done. It not only uses up
the cloth rapidly, but it destroys the tem-
per and gives one an unsatisfactory ap-
pearance vjhere finish is most needed J*
Starched linen collars, shirts and cuffs
must be unquestionably immaculate, done
ivith no risk, a certainty as to result.
THE UNION LAUNDRY
has come to represent this to men 'who
make any effort at all to dress 'well. Those
<who have not tried usvjill find that it ivill
pay them to do so. Send a postal or tele-
phone, and <we voilt call.
UNION LAUNDRY COMPANY,
53 Randolph Street.
Twenties i Columbia 5042.
Telephones j 0reg0Ili Albina 41.
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦<
Engraving in all its branches —
Wedding and Visiting Cards done
skillfully, tastefully and expedi-
tiously
W. G. Smith & Co.,
22-23 Washington 'Bldg.,
over Litt's,
PORTLAND, <* OREGON.
N. B. — If you need anything in the above lines
come and see samples of our work before plac-
ing your order. Our work is equal to the best
Eastern.
CONDUCTED BY E. C. PROTZMAN.
The Leading Openings.
GIUOCO PIANO.
White.
Black.
i.
P to K4 i.
P to K4
2.
K Kt to B3 2.
Q Kt to B3
3-
B to B4 3-
B to B4
4-
P to B3 4-
Kt to K B3
5-
P to Q4 5-
P takes P
6.
P takes P 6.
B to Kt5 (ch)
7-
B to Q2 7-
B takes B (ch)
8.
Q Kt takes B 8.
Pto Q4
9-
P takes P 9-
K Kt takes P
10.
Q to Kt3 io.
Q Kt to K2
ii.
Castles (K's side)n.
Castles
Even game.
QUEEN'S GAMBIT.
White.
Black.
i.
P to Q4 i.
P to Q4
2.
P to Q B4 2.
P takes P
3-
P to K3 3.
P to K4
4-
B takes P 4.
P takes P
5-
P takes B 5.
B to Q3
6.
Kt to K B3 6.
Kt to K B3
7-
Castles 7.
Castles
8.
P to K R3 8.
P to K R3
9-
Kt to Q B3 9-
P to Q B3
White has a somewhat freer position.
RUY LOPEZ.
White.
Black.
i.
P to K4 1.
P to K4
2.
K Kt to B3 2.
Q Kt to B3
3-
B to Kts 3-
P to Q R3
4-
B to B4 4.
Kt to B3
5-
P to Q4 5-
P takes P
6.
PtoKs 6.
Kt to K5
7-
Castles 7.
B to K2
8.
R to K sq 8.
Kt to B4
9-
B takes Kt 9.
Q P takes B
IO.
Kt takes P 10.
Castles
ii.
Kt to QB3 11.
P to K B3
Even gan
le.
KING'S BISHOP'S GAMBIT.
White.
Black.
i.
P to K4 1.
P to K4
2.
P to K B4 2.
P takes P
3-
B to B4 3.
Pto Q4
4-
B takes P 4.
Q to R5 (ch)
5-
K to B sq 5.
P to K Kt4
6.
Kt to B3 6.
Q to R4
7-
P to Q4 7-
B to Kt2
8.
P to K R4 8.
P to K R3
9-
Kt to B3 9.
Kt to K2
IO.
K to Kt sq 10.
P to Kt5
fe**********A*A M^#*A****A*££*A
Umbrella Rust
We are the inventors and ONLY man-
ufacturers of an anti-rust umbrella frame,
the only frame suitable for this climate.
We are asked if it pays to have an
umbrella re-covered. The only answer
is, if you have a good frame it will pay
you. But many times after you have
had your umbrella re-covered the frame
gives way on top, the rust having eaten
away the eye of the ribs and the cover
is destroyed. Our anti-rust fiame over-
comes this.
We carry the largest assortment of
Umbrellas. Parasols and Handles in the
city. We handle this line of goods ex-
clusively.
ALLESINA'S
Phone Grant 276.
309 Morrison Street
Opp. P. O.
£♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦4 ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
System Points the Path to Success. ♦
The Wabash- Rival Card Index
is a necessity in every well regulated office.
THE KILHAM STATIONERY CO.,
OFFICE OUTFITTERS,
267 Morrison St., Portland, Or., Sole Agents.
CHESS,
193
ii. "Kt to K5
11.
B takes Kt
12. P takes B
12.
Q takes KP
13. Q to B sq
13-
P. to B6
14. P takes P
14
Q to Kt6 (ch)
15. Q to Kt2
14-
QtoKt6(ch)
Drawn game.
EVANS GAMBIT.
White.
Black.
1. P to K4
1.
P to K4
2. K Kt to B3
2.
Q Kt to B3
3. B to B4
3-
B to B4
4. P to Q Kt4
4-
B takes Kt P
5- P to B3
5-
B to B4
6. P to Q4
6.
P takes P
7. Castles
7-
P to Q3
8. P takes P
8.
B to Kt3
White now has three
approved continua-
tions, viz., B to Kt2,
P to
Q5, and Kt to B3;
to take one.
9- P to Q5
9-
Kt to R4
10. B to Kt2
10.
Kt to K2
11. B to Q3
11.
Castles
12. Kt to B3
12.
Kt to Kt3
13. Kt to K2
13-
P to Q B4
14. Q to Q2
14.
P to B3
15. K to R sq
15-
B to B2
16. Q R to B sq
16.
R to Kt sq
The game may be
consi
dered about even
KING'S KNIGHT'S GAMBIT.
White.
Black.
1. P to K4
1.
P to K4
2. P to K B4
2.
P takes P
3. K Kt to B3
3-
P to K Kt4
4. B to B4
4-
P to Kt5
5. Castles
5-
K Kt to B3
6. P to Q4
6.
P to K R3
7- P to B3
7-
Kt to K2
Black has the adv
antage.
John H . Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commkrciai, Bi,oCK, PORTLAND, ORB.
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorneys at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
ALLGAIER — KIESERITZKI GAMBIT.
White.
P to K4
P to K B4
Kt to K B3
P to K R4
Kt to K5
B to B4
P takes P
Pto Q4
B takes P
B t^kes Kt
Castles
Black.
P to K4
P takes P
P to K Kt4
P to K5
K Kt to B3
PtoQ4
B to Kt2
Castles
Kt takes P
0 takes B
P to Q B4
Black has the better game.
(To be continued next month.)
Are we' to be never satisfied*? Have we so
much of the irnmer-strebend in our composi-
tion; that We shall never know peace? 'Alas,
peace that can be bought for a price is not
peace.. It ,can . only ^ be ; entered into by the
straight and narrow way.
Library Association of Portland
24,000 Volumes and over 200 Periodicals.
$5.00 a Year and $1.50 a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS— From 9 A M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Sundays
and Holidays.
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK.
P.O. BOX 157. TEL. MAIN 387.
RODNEY L GLISAN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
ROOM 420
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
Portland, Ore.
EDWARD HOLMAN
UNDERTAKER
EMBALMER and
FUNERAL DIRECTOR
280 Yamhill St.
Experienced
Lady Assistant
THE J. K. GILL CO.
BOOKSELLERS and STATIONERS
Third and Alder Sts.
Portland, Ore.
OUR LEADER.
ALL MAKES
RENTED and SOLD
Platens and Parts
for all machines.
EXPERT REPAIRING
Office and Duplicating Goods, etc.
COAST AGENCY CO.
Both Phones.
266yA STARK ST.
Your Orders Solicited.
Sudden Light.
I have been here before,
But when or how I cannot tell;
I know the grass beyond the door,
Trie sweet, keen smell,
The sighing sound, the lights around the
shore.
You have been mine before —
How long ago I may not know;
But just when at that swallow's soar
Your neck turned so,
Some veil did fall — I knew it all of yore.
Has this been thus before?
And shall not this time's eddying flight
Still with our lives our loves restore
In death's despite,
And day and night yield one delight once
more?
'Dante Gabriel l&ssetti.
The story, which has not the faintest shad-
ow of truth to it, started recently by the De-
troit Journal, that some Indians, "graduates of
government schools," had bound a captive to
a stake, and the conventional happy thought
struck the man who was to be burned:
"If you burn me, the sun will be darkened
tomorrow," and the educated Indian's repjy:
"You will find, if you calculate the parallax
to the 43d decimal, that the eclipse does not
take place until day after tomorrow," has its
counterpart in an incident told of a Pawnee
Indian school boy, who was detailed to assist
the agency physician in his office.
The boy continued with the physician for
a year, but was never heard to utter a word of
English.
The doctor thought, of course, that the In-
dian understood no English, and he was often
inconvenienced by awkward attempts to make
his directions plain through the sign lan-
guage.
His gesticulations seemed to be understood,
however, for all duties were satisfactorily per-
formed.
One day, after a busy season with some In-
dians, the boy sat quietly looking at the labels
upon the bottles in the dispensary.
"Doctor!" said he, finally.
The startled physician, who had been used
to quiet when the two were alone, turned to-
ward the unusual sound and said:
"What's the matter?"
"Will you please inform me," said the boy.
"why pharmacists label their bottles in Latin?"
— From the Indian Helper.
I GROCERIES! I
! I
t RETAIL at WHOLESALE J
I .. PRICES .. I
I RICHET CO. J
♦ . Front and Washington Sts.,
Nos. 112 and 114. %
PORTLAND, OREGON. *
Send for Price List.
►♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦<
J
JQLLS
THE CHOCOLATES THAT
ARE MAKING PORTLAND
FAMOUS J* THEY ARE
THE MOST DELICIOUS BITS
THAT YOU CAN IMAGINE.
MORRISON STREET, OP-
POSITE POSTOFFICE. J* j»
Vienna cModel bakery
BRANDES BROS., Prop's.
390 MORRISON STREET.
Choice Bread
Pastry and
Fancy Cakes...
Free Delivery.
Tel. North 151.
SCIENTIFIC MASSEUR J- J-
cncute and Chronic Rheumatic Affections,
Nervous Diseases and Obesity successfully treat-
ed by Electricity, Massage, Dry Hot Air, and
Vapor 'Baths, N. F. NIELEEN, M G.
Phones —
Office, Black 2857.
Kes-idei ce, Black 691. Office, 318-319 Marquam Bldg.
"DRIFT.
195
There is No Death!
There is no death! The stars go down
To rise upon some fairer shore;
And bright in heaven's jeweled crown
They shine for evermore.
There is no death! The dust we tread
Shall change beneath the summer showers
To golden grain, or mellow fruit,
Or rainbow-tinted flowers.
There is no death! An angel form
Walks o'er the earth with silent tread;
He bears our best beloved away,
And then we call them dead.
Ah! ever near us, thouerh on?*^.
The dear immortal spirits tread;
For all the boundless universe
Is life! There is no death!
Sir E. Bul<iver Lytton.
9
The Life of a Boer Girl.
One-half of the Boer girl's life is spent in
following the flocks and herds of her father.
At the beginning of the dry season the Boer
farmer locks his cottage door and becomes a
nomad. He places some of his household ef-
fects in several large wagons not unlike the
old-time "prairie schooners," and, accompa-
nied by his wife and children, leads his sheep
and cattle in pursuit of water and pasture.
When the wet season begins and the nomads
have returned to their homes, the Boer girl is
busily engaged in her studies, which, if the
father of the family has realized sufficient
money from the sale of cattle and sheep, are
directed by a governess brought from one of
the towns. If a governess is not provided, the
mother teaches the daughter, and if the
finances of the family are too low to allow
the purchase of the necessary supplies, then
the Boer girl has the family Bible as her only
text-book. The Boers are as familiar with
the Bible as they are with the rifle, and a
mother would consider her daughter's educa-
tion neglected if she were not equally familiar
with both
Ladies ' Home Journal.
The Sleep.
Love in a life; and after life — the Sleep.
But we hang on a word, a look, and keep
The pulses throbbing, make the spark burn
low,
And close the book to laugh, perhaps to weep,
Most surely — if, O gods, we may but know
Love in a life!
And so
Our burning palms we raise.
For dear hand-clasps and kisses on the lips
And close embrace
We give our nights and days:
And in one sweet draught our spirits steep,
Forgetting, whilst the Lierhts of Love Eclipse
The Sleep.
§M. L. "ban Vorst.
******************************
IT IS A GENERALLY
RECOGNIZED
FACT
That the circulation of The Pacific
Monthly is very much larger than
that of any other monthly publi-
cation in the Northwest
This is true to such an extent that
The Pacific Monthly may lay claim
to a monoply of the field
Besides covering Portland thor-
oughly. The Pacific Monthly has a
large and growing circulation in
the cities and towns of Oregon,
Washington and Idaho
There is no better medium in this
field for the advertiser who wishes
to reach these States in an effec-
tive manner
WE GUARANTEE OUR CIRCULATION.
OUR RATES ARE REASONABLE.
Address
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY,
Chamber of Commerce,
Portland, Or.
******************************
196
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
If We Didn't Have to Eat.
Life would be an easy matter
If we didn't have to eat.
If we never had to utter,
"Won't you pass the bread and butter,
Likewise push along that platter
Full of meat?"
Yes, if food were obsolete,
Life would be a jolly treat,
If we didn't — shine or shower,
Old or young, 'bout every hour —
Have to eat, eat, eat, eat, eat —
'Twould be jolly if we didn't have to eat!
We could save a lot of money
If we didn't have to eat.
Could we cease our busy buying,
Baking, broiling, brewing, frying,
Life would then be oh, so sunny
And complete;
And we shouldn't care to greet
Every grocer in the street
If we didn't — man and woman,
Every hungry, helpless human —
Have to eat, eat, eat, eat, eat —
We'd save money if we didn't have to eat.
All our worry would be over
, If we didn't have to eat.
Would the butcher, baker, grocer,
Get our hard-earned dollars? No, sir!
We would then be right in clover
Cool and sweet.
Want and hunger we would cheat,
And we'd get there with both feet,
If we didn't — poor or wealthy,
Halt or nimble, sick or healthy —
Have to eat, eat, eat, eat, eat —
We could get there if we didn't have to eat.
cMjxon Waterman.
'. The only sure way in this world to have
one-half of what you want is to quit wanting
about two-thirds of what you haven't got.
When a woman gets so mad at her hus-
band that she won't speak to him she is always
unhappy, because she can never be certain how
much it is punishing him.
*'Good-bye," I said to my conscience —
, "Good-bye for aye and aye."
And I put her hands off harshly,
And turned my face away;
And Conscience, smitten sorely,
■ Returned not from that day.
But a time came when, my spirit
i Grew weary of its pace;
And I cried, ''Come back, my Conscience,
\ I long to see thy face!"
But Conscience cried, "I cannot;
Remorse sits in my place."
Paul Lawrence ^Dunbar.
S* G* Skidmore & Co*
Cut-Rate
Druggists
We give special attention to Prescriptions and
the selection of High Grade Bristle Goods.
151 THIRD STREET
Portland, Oregon
CHRYSANTHEMUMS
CARNATIONS j»j»j»j»
ROSES and VIOLETS
Finest Quality
at Reasonable Pi ices.
CLARKE" BROS.
259 Morrison St.
MENTION THE PAClrIC MONTHLY.
*£****A****A£*-£*£*********A**Ji
«*
5 School of Languages
J FRENCH
J GERMAN.
S SPANISH
LOUIS BACH,
521 MARQUAM BUILDING.
Individual or Class Instruc-
tion, Day or Night.
J LATIN
$ , TFRMS — $2.75 a month for one person, xt
«£ one lesson of one hour a week; $1.50 each a c*.
m month for two or more persons. g
TfRIFT.
197
Far up a mountain pathway, where the crags
hang steep and high,
And fir trees make a network of their arms
across the sky,
I heard a fairy concert where the music was
so sweet
I laid me down to harken in an ecstasy com-
plete.
The brookway was the concert hall, and every
tiny wave
Laughed out its voice in melody I hushed my
breath to save.
The score was written on the rocks, but each
one knew its part,
And dashed away to join the song with eager,
willing heart.
The ferns grew by the water, where they
stooped to listen low,
And waved their dainty batons with a gentle
motion slow;
The ripples watched their movements, so they
sang in perfect time,
A happy, flowing cadence, like a harmony of
rhyme.
I could not count the singers as they sang
on, glad and free,
Some tripling voices hit the shore and
splashed to upper "C."
But, oh, the rushing chorus, it was madly,
gladly gay,
And shadows bent beneath the trees to hear
it on their way.
Thus, the world is full of music, and Nature
has her songs
That can hush away life's discords in a heart
where pain belongs;
Go, hear the wonder concert on the pathway
up the hill.
And peace will touch your weariness and bid
your woes be still.
"Good taste is cheap when you've got it.
but it comes mighty high when you haven't."
There is another sight than that of
the eye; there is another sunshine
than that of the regal day; there
is another world than the one we
see and feel. There is a love of
the spirit as well as of the passions, a
pleasure in the intellect as well as in the
senses; so there is a higher temperance
than concerns this body — a higher di-
gestion and assimilation than goes on
here. We are related to the winds and
tides, to the morning star and the solar
year, and the same craft runs through
all. — John Burroughs.
E C. GODDARD & CO.
OREGONIAN BUILDING
Agents for
"Delsarte"
SHOES
For Women.
J*
Kid Lace, AA to E
@ $3.50.
PATENTS
Quickly secured. OTO FEE DUE WHEN PATENT
OBTAINED. Send model, sketch or photo, with
description for free report as to patentability. 48-PAGE
HAND-BOOK FREE. Contains references and full
information. WRITE FOR COPT OF OUR SPECIAL
OFFER. It is the most liberal proposition ever made by
a patent attorney, and EVERY INVENTOR SHOULD
READ IT before applying for patent. Address :
H.B.WILLSOIUCO.
PATENT LAWYERS,
LeDroitBldg., WASHINGTON, D. C.
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OF NEW BOOKS AND MAGAZINES
25 Cents per Month
•* JONES* BOOK STORE*
»91 -A.lder Street, Portland, Oregon
WANTED
A case of bad health that RI-PANS will not bene-
fit. R-I-P*A-N-S, 10 for 5 cents, or 12 packets for 48 cents,
may be had of all druggists who are willing to sell a
low-priced medicine at a modern profit.
They banish pain and prolong life.
One gives relief Accept no substitute.
Note the word R-I-PAN S on the packet.
Send 5 cents to Ripans Chemical Co., No. 10 Spruce
St., New York, for 10 samples and 1000 testimonials.
THEY REGTJ1VATE THE BOWELS.
THEY CURE SICK HEADACHE.
A SINGLE ONE GIVES RELIEF.
ON'T SET HENS
THE SAME I
OLD WAY..
The Nat'l Hen Incubator beats old plan
8 to 1. Little in prletbut big money maker. Agts. *
wanted. Send for cat. telling how to get one free. <
Natural Hen Incubator Co., 11 70 Columbus, Neb. <
Rev. H. Heuser made a 1U0 £gg Hatcher, cost |1.00
A Free Trip to Paris!
Reliable persons of a mechanical or Inventive mind
desiring a trip to the Paris Exposition, with good
salary and expenses paid, should write
The PATENT RECORD, Baltimore, Md.
198
THE TACIFIC MONTHLY.
Go to sea, my boy, go to sea! If there is
anything in you, it will bring it out.
V
Last year, in Vienna, Mr. S. L. Clemens
(Mark Twain) sat talking with a Scotch bar-
rister named Guthrie.
"Do you ever smoke?" asked Mr. Clem-
ens of Mr. Guthrie.
"Yes, Mr. Clemens," replied Mr. Guthrie,
"when I am in bad company."
"You are a lawyer, aren't you, Mr. Guth-
rie ?"
"Yes, I am."
• "Ah," said Mr. Clemens, "you must be a
heavv smoker."— Saturday Evening Post.
Joan of Arc's Home.
Domremy has changed but little dur-
ing the four centuries and four score
years which have rolled away since Joan
of Arc was born. It was a farming- vil-
lage in Joan's day; it is a farming com-
munity still. Jacques of Arc (Joan's
father) was a prosperous farmer of the
village. He owned his modest home
and some twenty acres of meadow, field
and woodland, and had an income of
about $1,000 a year. He was a much
respected citizen in the small commu-
nity, performing many of those duties
now relegated to a mayor, or a justice
of the peace, and entertaining in a hum-
ble way the pilgrims who passed along
the great hiehway. It is truly said that
great characters are the children of unus-
ual mothers. Joan of Arc was no excep-
tion to this almost universal rule. Isa-
beau of Arc was a woman evidently far
in advance of her village associates. She
had a brother who had been educated
for the clergy; she possessed some little
property in her own right; and what
was, perhaps, rarer still, she signed her
name with the title of Romee, used only
by those who had made the pilgrimage
to the Eternal city. The family of seven,
three sons and two daughters, lived in
the vine-covered cottage beside the mill,
on the plot of land adjoining the church.
The house has scarcely changed since
repaired by one who knew Joan, and
were it not for the sculptured 'details
above the door, the tall soruce trees
which shelter it, or the well-kept inclos-
nre. there is nothing to distinguish it
from the other farmhouses in the village.
— Emma Asbran'd Hopkins, in Ladies'
Home Journal.
..HATTERS AND FURNISHERS..
Sole Agents for
KNOX HHTS
1 94 Third St. Portland, Or. \
^•c«o«o«c«o«o«c«o«c«c»o»c«c«c«c«o«c«c«o«3»o«c«c»o«o«c«o«o^
:: DON'T WEAR J* J*
Baggy Trousers or
Shabby Clothesg?»-
i We call for, sponge, press and deliver one suit of :
: your clothing each week, sew on buttons, and \
'. sew up rips, for ;
\ $1.00 A SMONTH.
UNIQUE TAILORING CO.
) 124 Sixth St„ Bet. Washington and Alder. )
BOTH PHONES.
«******#*********************«
Kraner & Kramer,
.TAILORS.
228 Washington Street,
«r
«
S Portland, - Oregon. £
The Blue Mountain
Company
COLD STORAGE
COAL, ICE, COKE. 8
8 I
247 STARK STREET J
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY—ADVERTISING SECTION.
OOD FACTORY
LOOK!
READ!
THEN
THINK!
Have You Ever Heard
of the
Portland Sanitarium
A MEDICAL AND SURGICAL INSTITUTION
Where
INVALIDS
necessary ,
and SICK people can come with their friends if
and receive the best of MEDICAL AID
and ACCOMMODATION.
THE SANITARIUM is most beautifully located and occupies an entire
block. Its skillful Physicians and thoroughly trained graduate lady
and gentlemen nurses, and its scientific and modern appliances make it
far different from the City Hospitals.
ALL DISEASES are SUCCESSFULLY TREATED, especially such
as are common to women, nervous prostration, also diseases of the
Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat, Lung and last but not least, Stomach
troubles or Dyspepsia with the special attention given to diet, together
with water treatment in all its forms; also Electricity in every con-
ceivable way, and quiet, home-like buildings make the Portland
Sanitarium the greatest blessing to suffering humanity in the Great
Northwest.
Manufacturer of some 20 varieties of Health Foods such as Granola,
Granose, Caramel Cereal, Gluten or Diabetic Foods. All kinds
of Crackers, etc. Just the Food for those suffering with Stomach
Troubles, and cannot be equalled for those enjoying good health. Ask
your grocer for them. If he can't supply you we can.
If you are broken down and need medical advice, don't fail to make us
a visit. Tell your sick friends and relations abont the Sanita-
rium. Hundreds visit us every year and go home restored to health,
and shouting praises for the Portland Sanitarium. TERMS MODERATE.
Write for our New Catalogue and further information to
THE PORTLAND SANITARIUM,
FIRST and MONTGOMERY STS.,
Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
3
1HE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
****************************** ***4**************************
INCORPORATED 1851.
Zbe Massachusetts
dfcutualXtfe Insurance Co.
SPRINGFIELD, MASS.
INSURANCE LAWS in Massachusetts arc the best.
POLICYHOLDERS get the most protection.
IF YOU are going to insure, don't forget this.
Call or "write for Statement.
C. E. WARRENS, Cashier H. G. COLTON, Manager
PACIFIC NORTHWEST DEPARTMENT
311 to 313 Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Oregon
'V?¥*9Q&9<?¥i9&¥9¥¥9Q^
++-Y * , y V"9"»-» ♦♦»♦♦♦♦ + + +++++++.
t
Downing, Hopkins & Co.
... BROKERS ... I
Chicago New York
Board of Trade. Stock Exchange.
Continuous market quotations at principal centers of trade received
over our own wires. Branch offices at Seattle, Ta'coma, Spokane,
Walla Walla, Colfax, Wash., Vancouver and Victoria, B. C.
CORRESPONDENCE INVITED.
Head Office,
Ground Floor, Chamber of Commerce, Portland, Ore.
■♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦MM ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
\
^mmranjpndn^
COR. TWELFTH AND FLANDERS STS.
All Orders Promptly Executed. Telephones — 851 Both Companies.
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
BT7TTTE1R. AND CHEXKBEl
Telephone 37i?M 105, 107, 1074 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
Pacific Export Lumber Co.
OREGON
PINE LUMBER
FOR EXPORT
216 Chamber of Commerce, Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y-A D VER T IS I NO SECTION.
►♦-*•
W.C Noon BagCo.
INCORPORATED 1893.
Manufacturers and Importers of
Bags, Twines, Tents and Awnings,
Flags and Mining Hose.
BAG PRINTING
A SPECIALTY.
32-34 First St. Korth and 210-212-214-216 Couch St.
Portland, Oregon.
r4****i****44*AA*************!l
PATENTS GUARANTEED
T? Our fee returned if we fail. Any one sending
TV sketch and description of any invention wilt
I promptly receive our opinion free concerning ?
J£ the patentability of same- " How to Obtain a y
2 Patent'' sent upon request. Patents secured
TV through us advertised for sale at our expense.
*J Patents taken out through us receive special
*J notice, without charge, in The Patent Record,
JJ an illustrated, and widely circulated journal,
JJ consulted by Manufacturers and Investors.
Send for sample copy FREE. Address,
4 VICTOR J. EVANS & CO.
m (Patent Attorneys.)
* Evans Building, WASHINGTON, D. C.
«*£*****^^*£***&**^***«*A£*************^^
DID YOU EVER THINK
that a man is known by the clothes he wears? It is true —
HE IS. A man cannot afford then to dress shabbily, carelessly,
or in poor taste — not when perfect fitting garments and perfect
style and the best goods are at his command at a very reason-
able price. If you want to take advantage of this fact come to our
store and let us talk it over with you. We are sure to suit you.
177 fourth street . I. D. BOYER, Merchant Tailor
< Y. M. C. A. Building.
$*#**«*#,**********«!**-***** ^* ***************************** ***>
Oregon Phone
Clay 93 J.
Columbia
Phone 30/
JEllis flbrinting Go,
ESTABLISHED IN 1887.
PRINTERS
PUBLISHERS
STEREOTYPERS
c/lnything in the Printing line, from a card to a catalogue.
«
05 El RST STREET,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
A Word with Eastern Advertisers
The 'Pacific 8h(prthvjest is one of the best fields in the United States for judicious
advertising. The country is rich and prosperous, crops ne'ber fail, and the popula-
tion is steadily increasing, o'ifing to the steady influx from less favored regions.
Unquestionably a desirable field to reach.
THE FIELD IN WHITE IS THE FIELD OF THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
The Pacific Honthly
Coders this field exclusively. Others may dabble in it. The Pacific SMonthty covers it.
cAs for circulation, the Pacific SM.onth.ly is one of the fevj magazines %>est of the Miss-
issippi that guarantees circulation. Our s=worn statement is as fotlovjs :
Average per month, during the last eight months
Highest single issue
lowest single issue
5435 copies.
6500 copies.
5000 copies.
Our rates are unusually low. It will pay any advertiser wishing to reach this field
and the entire Pacific Coast at one and the same time, to drop us a
postal. Let us tell you more about it. We can make
it worth your while. Address
THE PACIFIC ^MONTHLY,
Chamber of Commerce, PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
+ M M ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ H ♦♦♦»♦♦ + MM H ♦♦ H ♦ H ♦ H ♦ H ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ M M
I 0%i 2 Overland Trains Daily 2
-THE-
YELLOWSTONE PARK \ DINING CAR LINE.
...When going to the...
BUFFALO HUMP MINING COUNTRY,
| tthe northern pacific E?t
Direct service to the GOLD FIELDS of British Columbia,
via SPOKANE, WASH.
il :;
y. Tickets sold to all points
<- in the United States and Canada.
Telephone Main 244.
A. D. CHARLTON,
Assistant General Passenger Agent, ■^■
255 Morrison St., Cor. Third,
Portland, Oregon.
*mmmiimmmmmmmmmmi*immmmm**
THE MAGNIFICENT SCENERY
OF
COLUMBIA RIVER
The most beautiful in the world, can best be seen
from the steamers "DALLES CITY" and
"REGULATOR" of the
44
REGULATOR LINE
DO NOT MISS THIS.
9f
Steamers leave Portland, Oak St. Dock, 7 a. m., daily,
except Sunday, for The Dalles, Cascade Locks, Hood
River and way landings.
C. G. THAYER, Act.,
Oak St. Dock, Portland.
(Phone 914.)
W. C. ALLAWAY,
Gen. Agt.,
The Dalles, Or.
Ore- <PHONES 734— Col
Model Laundry Company
308 MADISON STREET,
Between Fifth and Sixth
PORTLAND,
OREGON.
RIO GRANDE WESTERN RAILWAY.
THE ONLY LINE
—OFFERING-
TWO Routes from Portland.
THREE Routes through Colorado.
FOUR Routes east thereof.
The Grandest Mountain Scenery in America
by daylight.
Personally conducted tourist excursions
through to the east without change of cars.
Free Reclining Chair Cars in all trains.
New and Elegant Equipment.
Perfect Dining Car Service.
STOPOVER IN UTAH OR COLORADO
GRANTED ON ALL CLASSES OP TICKETS.
No trouble to answer questions.
M.J.ROCHE, J.D.MANSFIELD,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
253 Washington St., Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Columbia River & Puget Sound Navigation Go.
Portland and Astoria
•teamen Telephone or Bailey Gatzert leave foot Alder
Street dally (except Sunday), 7 A.M.
Leave Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
U. B. SCOTT, President
■L
WINTER SCHEDULE— Daily.
Train No. 22 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 11:30 a. m.
Train No. 24 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at 10:30 p. in.
Return
Train No. 21 leaves Astoria at 7:45 a m., arrives in
Portland at 11:15 a m-
Train No. 23 leaves Astoria at 6:10 p. m., and arrives
in Portland at 9:40 p. m.
Train No. 22 runs through to Seaside, leaving Sea-
side on the return ai 2:30 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia River R. R. Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:00 p. m., arriving at
Astoria at 11:30 a. m. and 10:30 p. m. Leaving for Sea-
side at 11:35 a. m.
EAST ) * SOUTHERN
-*- I via PACIFIC
* COMPANY
LEAVE
Depot, Fifth and I Sts.
ARRIVE
f OVERLAND EX-1
PRESS, for Salem,
Roseburg, Ashland,
J Sacramento, Ogden, 1
] San Francisco, Mo- '
jave, Los Angeles, El
Paso, New Orleans
and the East.
* 8 30 a. m.
Roseburg Passenger. . .
f Via Woodburn for")
* 430p.m.
Daily
| Mt. Angel, Silverton, 1
Daily
except
{ West Scio, Browns- }
except
Sunday.
Iville, Springfield 1
(.and Natron. J
Sunday.
X 7 3oa. m.
^orvallis Passenger
t 550 p.m.
X 450p.m.
Independence Pass'ng'r J 825a.m.
* Daily. X Daily except Sunday.
Direct connection at San Franci-co with Occi-
dental and Oriental and Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND CHINA. Sailing dates
on application.
Rates and tickets to eastern points and Eu-
rope, also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA, can be obtained from J. B.
KIRKLAND, Ticket Agent, 134 Third St.
Yamhill Division: — Passenger Depot foot of
Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a. m.;
12:30, 1:55, 3:25, 5:15, 6:25, 8:05, 11:30 p. m., and 9:00
a. m. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland
daily at 6:35*, 8:30, 10:50* a. m; 1:35, 3:15, 4:30, 6:20,
7:40, 9:15 p. m.; 12:40 a. m. daily except Monday
and 10:05 a- m- O" Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, exeept Sunday, at
4:30 p. m. Arrive at Portland at 9:30 a. m.
Leave for Airlie Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays at 8:35 a. m. Arrive at Portland Tues-
days, Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
* Except Sunday
R. KOEHLER, C. H. MARKHAM,
Manager. Gen. F. & P. Agt.
GO EAST VIA
Oregon Short Line Railroad
THE DIRECT ROUTE TO
Montana, Utah, Colorado
and all Eastern and Southern Points.
Affording choice of two routes, via the UNION
PACIFIC Fast Mail Line or the RIO
GRANDE Scenic Lines through Colorado.
LOOK AT THE TIME
I i DAYS TO SALT LAKE
2\ DAYS TO DENVER
34 DAYS TO CHICAGO
44 DAYS TO NEW YORK
Free Reclining Chair Cars, Upholstered Tour-
ist Sleeping Cars, and Pullman Palace Sleep-
ers operated on all trains.
For further '.nfortnation , apply to
C. O. TERRY, W. E. COMAN,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent
124 Third St., Portland, Or.
0. R. & N.
Fast Mail
8:00 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
3:45 p. m.
TIME SCHEDULES
FROM PORTLAND.
Salt Lake, Denver, Ft
Wonh, Omaha, Kan-
sas City, St. Louis,
Chicago and East.
8:00 p. m.
8:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
Saturday
6:00 a. m.
Ex. Sunday
7:00 a. m.
Tues.Thur
and Sat.
6:00 a. m.
Tues.Thur
and Sat.
Lv.Riparia
1:20 a. m.
Daily
Walla Wall', Spokane,
Minneapolis, St. Paul
Duluth, Milwaukee
Chicago and East.
Fast Mail
6:45 p. m.
Ocean Steamships.
All sailing dates subject
to change.
For San Francisco —
Sail every five days
Columbia River
St' anient.
To Astoria and Way
Landings.
Willamette Rivr.
Oregon City, Newberg,
Salem & Way Landings
Willamette and
Yamhill Rivrs.
Oregon City, Dayton
and Way Landings.
Willamette River.
Portland to Corvallis
and Way Landings.
Snake River.
Riparia to Lewiston.
Spokane
Flyer
8:00 a. m.
4:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
4:30 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
3:30 p. m.
Mon. Wed.
and Fri.
4:30 p: m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Leave
Lewiston
Daily
8:30 a. m.
A. SCHILLING, W. H. HURLBURT,
City Ticket Agt., Gen'l. Pass. Agt.,
254 Washington St., Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly .
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
?*****«**AA***A*************^
The Right Road <£
m
l
Is the Great Rock Island
Route. J* J- ■ J> J>
Dining: car service the
best, elegant q uipment,
and fast service J> J> J>
For further information
address
A. E. COOPER, General Agent,
Pass. Dept.
246 Washington Street,
OREGON. %
i
j(
THE "North-Western Limited" trains,
electric lighted throughout, both inside
and out, and steam heated, are, with-
out exception, the finest trains in the world.
They embody the latest, newest and best
ideas for comfort, convenience and luxury
ever offered the traveling public, and al-
together are the most complete and splen-
did production of the Car Builders' art.
THESE SPLENDID TRAINS
CONNECT WITH
The Great Northern
The Northern Pacific and
The Canadian Pacific
AT ST. PAUL, FOR
CHICAGO and the EAST.
No extra charge for these superior accommo-
dations and all classes of tickets are available for
passage on the famous" North-western Limited. ' '
All ttains on this line are protected by the Inter-
locking Block system.
The North-Western Line.
w. H. MEAD,
GEN'L AGENT,
PORTLAND, OR.
Ill Competition
^pltrTOf^
As regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
The Favorite Transcontinental Koutc Between
the Northwest and all Points East
Choice of Two Routes Through the FAMOUS
^^ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY
And Four Routes Bast of Pueblo and Denver
All Passengers granted a day stop-over in
the Mormon Capitol or anywhere between
Ojden and Denver. Personally conducted
Tourist Excursions three days a week to
OMAHA, KANSAS CITY, ST. LOUIS,
CHICAGO and the EAST.
For Tickets and any Information regarding Rates,
Routes, etc., or for Descriptive Advertising Matter,
call on Agents of Oregon Railway & Navigation
Co. Oregon Short Line or Southern Pacific
Companies.
S. K. HOOPER, R. C. NICHOL,
Gcu. Pass. & Ticket Agt. Gen. Agt., 351 Wash SI
DENVER, COL. PORTLAND, ORE.
JUST THINK!
3)4 days with no change to Chicago
4.J4 days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN:
Trains are Illuminated by PIntsch Gas,
run Into Union Depots, and Baggage
Is checked through to Destination.
Lowest Rates.
Por Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
J. II. LOTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. Agent.
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
When dealing with oa. uavcrtisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly
Do You Like .* ^ ^
A Luxurious Meal?
j* j* * * j* j* *
"TIGER BRAND"
Pure Spices
"OUR BEST"
Roasted Coffee
"KUSALANA"
Ceylon Tea
...<Are Items...
«£*£«£ which wilt aid materially «£%£<£
§
ASK YOUR GROCER FOR
... THEM ...
THE FIRST TIME YOU SEE HIM.
cManufacktred and
Sold by J* J* J*
ft
CORBITT & MACLEAY CO.
Portland, Oregon*
j
GOLDEN WEST a DEVERS' BLEND
Baking Powder J COFFEE
*** The World's Finest.
HONEST POWDER i
*£ *l *£ *Z
AT A
N HONEST PRICE 5
" "J To insure getting the genuine,
•* buy in sealed packages
Not Made by a Trust. jt only.
it
CLOSSET & DEVERS.
RUSSELL & CO.
A. H. AVERILL,
MANUFACTURERS OF
High Grade,
Engines, Boilers,
Saw Mills,
Threshers...
Eetirriates furnished on Stearn Plants of all Sizes and lor
any purpose. Write for Catalogues.
RUSSELL & CO., - Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our adver titer $, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
HON. T. T. GEER, GOVERNOR OF OREGON,
on "The Republican Outlook."
[
VOLUME THREE
NUMBER EIVE
MARCH
1900
10 CENTS A COPY
ONE DOLLAR A YEAR
Recently Discovered Unpublished Poems of Sam L Simpson.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
CARRIES A FULL LINE OF
MOTORS from One-half Horse Power Up C 1 ^r f r j r Q|innllVc
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kinds L*ICCLIIw 4^UJJ|JIIW^
of Machinery. ^m^
ARC and INCANDESCENT LIGHTING. ™™
Electric and Bell Wiring a Specialty. SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
COR. SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
GOODYEAR RUBBER COMPANY.
We carry in stock a complete assortment of RUBBER GOODS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
ANY STYLE. ANY SIZE. ANY QUANTITY.
MACKINTOSHES dfc fflk*. BOOTS AND SHOES
Crack Proof-. I \U SS& "GOLD SEAL"
^Snag Proof // v%H Egk BELTING
RUBBER ■kwfSr'S IKS* PACKING
BOOTS \\ ffl fffi ■• A^0 HOSE
Druggists' Y^JV Rubber
Rubber »*V and OH
Goods *mL m Clothing
R. H. PEASE. Vice-President and Manager,
73 and 75 FIRST STREET, j* PORTLAND, OREGON.
>♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦«
i WISDOMS ROBERTINE
♦ =^=== ________________
♦
? Is a hygienic preparation for the skin. It BEAUTIFIES
♦ and PRESERVES the COMPLEXION.
It removes Blotches, Pimples, Tan, Sunburn, Freckles,
and all other Blemishes, and MAKES A BEAUTIFUL
COMPLEXION.
It also makes Pearly Teeth, a Sweet Stomach and a J
Pure Breath. <
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦?♦♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦•♦♦•♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦?♦♦♦♦♦♦♦?♦♦♦»♦?♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦+ ^♦♦♦♦♦t<|
Sec our Great Premium Offer'a fewTpages over.
The PacificfMonthly.
{The entire contents of this Magazine are covered by the general copyright, and articles must not^be reprinted
without special permission.)
CONTENTS FOR MARCH, J900.
San Miguel Mission frontispiece
The Chinese of the Pacific Coast William Sylvester Holt 201
Line Drawings by Miss Lilian Bain.
Me Kim's Funeral Captain H. L. Wells 207
Christine Sturburg's Ride (Story) SMary 'Burke Calhoun 209
In Two Parts. Part I.
Spring (Poem) SMargaret Stanisla<wsky . . . 2/3
My Message (Poem) cAdonen 213
The Indian's Turkish Bath 214
Elise; A Sequel to "The Voice of the Silence" chapter in 215
Recently Discovered Unpublished Poems of Sam L. Simpson 218
The Indian "Arabian Nights" (Concluded) ..H.S. Lyman 220
Youth (Poem) Valentine <Bro<wn 221
A Glance at California's Educational Policy George Melvin 222
DEPARTMENTS:
OUR POINT OF VIEW (Editorial)
What Portland Lacks 226
Make-Believe Art 226
War and Murder 226
The Indian 227
The Modern Miser 228
Pessimism 228
MEN AND WOMEN—
The Greatest Question that Man can Face The Minister 229
Vision (Poem) Katherine Coolidge 230
THE HOME—
Co-Operative Housekeeping G. M. 231
BOOKS 232
The Mandolin She Played (Poem) cAdonen 233
QUESTIONS OF THE DAY—
The Republican Outlook Hon. T. T. Geer 234
Governor of Oregon.
THE IDLER 238
St. Martin (Poem) J.W. Whalley 238
THE MONTH 239
In Politics, Science, Literature, Art, Education, and
Religious Thought, with Leading Events.
THE FINANCIAL WORLD 244
The Price It Cost (Poem) E. S. Riser 245
CHESS 246
DRIFT—
An Indian Poet 248
A Tuneful Liar 249
Love 250
Terms: — Ji.oo a year in advance; 10 cents a copy. Subscribers should remit to us in P. O. or expres
money-orders, or in bank checks, dratts, or registered letters.
Agents for The Pacific Monthly are wanted in every locality, and the publishers offer unusual in-
ducements to first-class agents. Write for our terms.
Manuscript sent to The Pacific Monthly will not be returned after publication unless definite in
structions to that effect with stamps accompany letters enclosing manuscript.
Address all correspondence, of whatever nature, to
directors:
Chas. E. I,add,
Alex. Sweek,
J. Thorburn Ross,
William Bittle Wells, Copyrighted 1900 by William Bittle Wells.
IjSCHEN M. Miller. Entered at the Postoffice at Portland, Oregon, as second-class matter.
The publishers of The Pacific Monthly will esteem it a favor if readers of the Magazine will kindly
mention The Pacific Monthly when dealing with our advertisers.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. CO.,
Chamber of Commerce, PORTLAND, OREGON.
The Ellis Printing Co., 105 First St., Portland, Or.
SEE OUR GREAT PREMIUM OFFER.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Our Talks with the Public
READ, PONDER AND CONSIDER
III.
The Pacific Monthly b=gan last month a series of "Twelve Talks with the Public
on Advertising." The publishers have been led to adopt this course because they
believe that advertising is an art that is appreciated by the advertiser himself, but>
as a rule, given too little thought or consideration by the general public. This
condition of affairs, however, has been undergoing a rapid change during the past
few years. The Pacific Monthly wishes, in relation to itself at least, to hasten^the
process — hence these talks.
^JJHE advertising pages of a magazine are considered by some
people simply as a "necessary evil." If the advertising
attracts their attention, it has been the result of curiosity
more than of anything else. But such people, behind the times
in regard to advertising, are usually behind the times in re-
gard to everything else.
One of the most important, and, to the wide-awake person,
necessary features of our periodicals is the advertising section.
It is there that he finds direct messages from the advertisers,
—appeals to his self-interest and to his sense of economy, and
the latest improvements in the industrial world— a literary
exposition, as it were, of the necessities, luxuries and con-
veniences of the day. This fact is being more and more rec-
ognized by the thoughtful public, until now messages from the
business world, as represented in the advertising pages, at-
tract almost as much attention as the literary part of the
magazine.
Look over our "ads" and if you see something that you
want, get it— and mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
in
A List of the Firms which make their
ANNOUNCEMENTS in THE PACIFIC MONTHLY
ALLESINA, JOHN— Umbrellas.
AMERICAN LAUNDRY.
AMERICAN BICYCLE CO.
ANDERSON BROS —Livery, Hack,
Feed and Sale Stables.
ASTORIA & COLUMBIA RIVER R. R.
BUFFUM & PENDLETON — Hatters
and Furnishers.
BARNES MARKET CO.— Butter, Oys-
ters, Game, Fruit, Etc.
BLUMAUER - FRANK DRUG CO.—
Wholesale Druggists.
BLUE MOUNTAIN ICE & FUEL CO.
BOERICKE & RUNYON— Willamette
Corn Cure.
CLARKE BROS.— Florists.
CLOSSET & DEVERS— Coffee, Golden
West Baking Powder.
CORBITT & MACLEAY Co.— Kusa-
lana Tea.
COLUMBIA TELEPHONE CO.
DOWNING, HOPKINS & CO.— Brokers
DENVER & RIO GRANDE R. R.
ELLIS PRINTING CO.
EMMONS, A. C. & R. W— Attorneys-
at-Law.
FIRST NATIONAL BANK.
GOODYEAR RUBBER CO.
GODDARD, E. C. & CO.— Shoes.
GLISAN, R. L — Attorney-at-Law.
GILL, J. K. CO.— Booksellers.
GREAT ROCK ISLAND ROUTE.
HOLMAN, EDWARD— Fur eral Direc-
tor.
HOME INSURANCE CO.
INMAN, POULSEN & CO —Lumber.
JOLLS — Chocolates.
JONES' BOOK STORE.
KRANER & KRAMER— Tailors.
LADD & TILTON— Bankers.
LIBRARY ASSOCIATION.
MASSACHUSETTS MUTUAL RENE-
FIT LIFE INS. CO — H C. Colton,
General Agent for Or. <^on.
MELEEN, N. F. — Scientific Masseur.
MITCHELL & TANNER— Attorneys-
at-Law.
MODEL LAUNDRY.
MUTUAL BENEFIT LIFE INS. CO.
MRS. MARSHALL— Millinery.
NATURAL HEN INCUBATOR CO.,
Columbus, i\eb.
NOON, W. C. BAG CO.
NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
NORTHWESTERN LINE.
OREGON RAILWAY & NAVIGATION
CO.
OREGON SHORT LINE RAILROAD.
PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE
CO.
PATENT RECORD— Monthly Maga-
zine.
PORTLAND SANITARIUM.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC
CO.
PORTLAND WIRE & IRON WORKS.
PACIFIC MONTHLY.
RIO GRANDE WESTERN RAILWAY.
REGULATOR LINE.
RIPANS TABULES.
RUSSELL & CO.- -Engines, Boilers,
Etc.
RICHET CO.— Grocers, Etc.
SKIDMORE, S. G. & CO.— Druggists.
SOUTHERN PACIFIC CO.
SMITH, W. G. & CO.— Card Engravers.
SILVERFIELD FUR MFG. CO.
TELEPHONE INDEX.
TITLE GUARANTEE & TRUST CO.
THOMSON, W. J. & CO.
UNION LAUNDRY.
UNITED TYPEWRITER & SUPPLIES
CO.
UNIQUE TAILORING CO.
UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD.
UNITED STATES NATIONAL BANK.
VICTOR J. EVANS- Patent Attorney,
Washington, D. C.
VIENNA MODEL BAKERY.
WILLSON, H. B. & CO.— Patents.
WISDOM'S ROBERTINE.
WHITE COLLAR LINE.
WHITE STAMP AND SEAL CO.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY—ADVERTISING SECTION.
4fc**|^*#,#^^i^#*^^^*i^*^t*«^^l^#************^^**************^
The
*M*
GREATEST PREMIUM= ■
*» EVER OFFERED
<
WE havi been on the out-look for a premium that would be acceptable to the great
majority of our readers. This is not always an easy matter. What one may
like may he strictly opposite to the taste of another. What may be acceptable
to a gentleman is oft useless to a lady. What a boy would revel in. may be distaste-
ful to a girl. Thus in the search for a suitable premium it is very difficult to select
one lhat is acceptable to one and all alike. If it is possible to get hold of such an
article, we think we have succeeded in our selection of the noted
POST FOUNTAIN PEN.
Where is there a gentleman or a lady that would not find one useful? Show us a
boy or a yirl that would not appreciate a present of one of these useful articles. Now
there are fountain pens and FOUNTAIN PENS. A good one is a boon, while an in-
ferior article is a nuisance. The "Post" is considered one of the best if not THE BEST in
the market. It is the constant companion of some of the leading men in the country,
and the list of testimonials herewith submitted cannot be excelled. In this list will be
found leading men in Politics, Finance, Law, Religious Movements, Literary Men, Bankers
and Business Men Men who never before allowed their names to be used in this way
have not hesitated to recommend the "Post" and in terms of praise simply unqualified.
One and all designate the 'Post" as the nearest to perfection of anything yet found.
In the words of Dr. Josiah Strong, "The post leaves nothing to be desired." The testi-
monials submitted here state very clearly the many advantages of the Post Pen over
all others. It is a Self-filler and Self-cleaner, two points which carry it far ahead of all
others in the market. The retail price of the "Post" is $3.00. It cannot be purchased
under this price any where. The patentee has a very hard-and-fast agreement with the
trade and agents that $3.00 shall be the minimum price at which it retails. By a spec-
cial agreement we are in a position to make
The subscription price of the Pacific Monthly
is $1.00, the Pen is $300. We offer three
=■ — subscriptions to the magazine for one year
and the Pen for $100, which is a saving to those who embrace this great opportunity
of #3.00. The Pen will be carefully packed and sent to your address, or any address
you send us, with printed directions, postpaid. Subscribe to-day. Fill in accompanied
subscription blank and forward without delay to The Pacific Monthly, Portland, Oregon.
A GREAT OFFER
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY, 'Portland, Oregon:
Inclosed fi nd $3.00 tor which please send The Pacific Monthly for one year to the following addresses :
Name Address .
Name Address.
Name : Address .
Please send the Post Pen t»
4 Name Address
«
$^9^#^^$ sp^P^^^ir v v '<iT'<#- ir v v ^' 1^1^$'^'^^ v ^'^'^ v <^ <«> ^ «< v wt v wv <v •» %> 9 <vv v> <v v v V v v v v v> v
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Wbat some
people sa\>
about tbe
post-
«
"I have tried every pen
of the kind on the market,
and now unhesitatingly
give the preference to the
Post. It not only leeds
itself with less care, but
has the immeasurable
advantage of re-supply
without inking the fin-
gers. I do all my work
with it."
/iws/ ., YVoUX^jla*'
«
"A perfect fountain
pen ac last! I have been
hunting for it upwards
of twenty years. I have
tried many, and I can
assure you they have
tried me. I have had lit-
tle satisfaction even
from the best, but the
Post leaves nothin g to be
desired I am delighted
with it."
A recommendation from
former Governor, the late
Hon. Roswell P. Flower,
was worth a great deal'and
we value very highly the
accompanying testimon-
ial, which he sent us in his
own handwriting a short
time before bis death:
"This is written with
the Post, a new fountain
pen, the simplest and best
I have ever seen."
-^C^^/^-y
"I have used the Post
pen- for some time and
have had great satisfac-
tion with its use. It nev-
er fails or gets cranky.
One can at least have clean
hands by using the Post,
whatever the heart may
be."
:
"The pen is all you
promised I carry four
fountain pens, and now
the Post makes the fifth,
and the fifth is by far the
best I have and all are
good."
"A fountain pen was
given me a couple of years
ago and it proved almost
like St. Paul's thorn in
the flesh, unless in con-
stant use .t wouldn't go.
I uever knew when it was
empty, and when I did
want to fill it I never could
find where that nipple
business was. Now tke
plunger makes the ink
come, tells me when the
pen is thirsty, and sucks
the tube full out of any
body's inkstand I happen
to be near. It is a perfect
pen.
($>M- hw^*wlr *fe*^«^
►
»
^-y^ %
^j&*jz-^k~y ? <??7^?t^rv^^^cwf %
*^*^#%^*'^i-^**-^^
vx
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Use-
r\
THE TELEPHONE INDEX
cA time saber for business men, and the only Index pub-
lished giving both Companies numbers,
PRICE, $2.00 PER YEAR.
For Advertising Space or Subscription, address
G. H. AYDELOTTE, telephones
No. 5 Raleigh Bldg., Portland, Ore.
Oregon Main 816.
Columbia 238.
I Perfect
1
I Telephone
! Service
CAN BE OBTAINED ONLY
...Through a Complete...
Metallic Circuit For Mch sub$cr|b". and
— - — No Party Lines.
THE COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY
Alone has these Advantages.
OFFICES, 606-607 Oregonian Building, PORTLAND, OREGON.
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
BTfJTTTElR. AND CFIE1E1SE1
105, 107, 1071 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
Telephone 371...
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" The Rolioy Holders' Company "
THE NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
1st A Cash Surrender Talue. 2d A Loan equal in amount to the Gash Yalue.
M BxUadad Inaaraaco for the Fall .mount of Policy, without the request of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-up Policy
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
727, 728 & 739 Marquam Building;, Portland, Oregon
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
TIT /■: PA CI • C MONTHL Y—AD VEI? TISING SECTION. vti
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
Transact a General Banking Business-.
Special Attention Given to
Collections
POR*X%,ArcD, OREGON
H. W. Corbett, President.
G. E. Withington, Cashier.
J. W. Newkirk, Asst. Cashier.
W. C. Alvord, 2d Asst. Cashier.
First National Bank
OF
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Corner First and Washington Streets.
Capital
Surplus,
$500,000.00.
650,000.00.
Designated Depositary, and Financial Agent,
United States.
Insure your property <with the
Home Insurance Co*
....OfNew York
Cash Capital, $3,000,000.00.
The Great American Fire Insurance
Company.
Assets aggregating over $12,000,000.00, ALL
available for American Policy Holders.
J. D. COLEMAN, General Agent,
OHN H. BURGARD,
SPECIAL AGENT.
250 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OR.
334 ALDER ST.
€.« BOOST. „„
GRIU WORK FOR ELEVATOR CNCIOSURQ
poRTLAM&.Orejoi^
Wire and Iron Fencing,
Window Guards, Etc.
Tel. Black 1961.
335 ALDER ST.
TQb Biumauer-FranR Drug Go.
..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
******************************
W. J. THOMSON & CO.
First-class work in 2,
HALF TONES C
ZINC ETCHING
DESIGNING
ENGRAVING
<£ 105 y2 First Street, Bet. Stark and Washington »
*j> Portland, Oregon fc
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
MORTGAGE LOANS
On Improved
Portland City Property
In sums from $500 to $500,000 at Ufoest current interest rata.
"TPf 4-1/ikC Abstracted and Insured against
I ■ LIC^ Defect or Loss.
• .
IrtlStS Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND TRUST CO.
FIND US IN OUR NEW OFFICES,
FOURTH STREET ENTRANCE
wm. m. ladd, president. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING,
t. THORBURN ROSS, Manage*.
T. T. BURKHART, ASST. SECBETAHT. PORTLAND, ORE.
I ♦ ♦ I ♦ ♦ ♦ ■ ♦■♦ M M ♦ ♦ ♦ M ♦ ♦ H ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ 4 t ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ M H ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦'♦■ ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
;: A way to
I Make Money
It is truly said that "a dollar saoed is a dollar earned."
If a dollar means anything to you, then you should buy
$your life insurance from the Mutual Benefit
Life Insurance Co. of Netoark, X J. It is the
only Company that puts FOUR guarantees in the
policy, beginning toith the SECOND year. Send for
sample policy to
RICHARD H. PICKERING,
State Agent,
The Chambers, Oregon, idaho and Montana,
Third and Alder Sts., PORTLAND, OR.
M ♦ H ♦ H ♦ ♦ H ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ H M ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ M ♦ ♦■♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ H ♦♦♦ ♦ ♦ M M ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly .
Vol. III.
The Pacific Monthly.
SMA^CH, 1900.
SNio. 5.
The Chinese of the Pacific Coast.
<By WILLIAM SYLVESTER HOLT. LINE DRAWINGS <BY MISS LILIAN 'BAIN.
HERE are 105,-
000 Chinese in
the United
States. Of
these some 70,-
000 are found
on the Pacific
Coast. To the
resident they
are such an
every-day sight
as to attract
but little at-
tention. They
go their quiet,
unobtr u s i v e
way and we scarcely think of them unless
we need a cook or some one to cut the
grass, or unless there is a highbinder
fracas. But much interest attaches to
these aliens, when we remember that
they are our neighbors, since the war
with Spain.
The first coming of Chinese to the
Coast, as an immigration, was due to
the demand for laborers on the first
transcontinental railroad. Then they
were cheap labor as compared with the
white man, who had forgotten how a
penny looked, and to whom the min-
imum of value was a "short bit." To
the Chinese, in those days, the Golden
Hills, their common name for the United
States, were a veritable land of prom-
ise. Here a day laborer could earn in
one month more than he could hope for
in a whole year at home ; while the cook
whose services would command $4 or
$5 per mensem, not including board,
was worth from $20 to $75 in gold, with
board and room provided. And an au-
tocracy beyond his wildest dream was
yielded him by the housewife, who was
charmed with the bland manners, punc-
tuality and skill of the domestic who
wished no Sundays off. This combina-
tion of cheap labor, then needed not
only for railroad work but also for clear-
ing land, gardening, factory work, and
for competent domestic service on our
part, with an opportunity for good wages
and consequent wealth on the part of the
Chinese, lead to what may be termed
the rush to the Coast.
At the outset this rush called for no
comment. White men were not numer-
ous, money was plenty, work was
abundant, times were good, and no ob-
jection was raised to the presence of the
Chinese. They were not regarded as a
menace, but as a needed help in our
industrial conditions.
But times changed. The railroads
were completed. They made it easy for
people to come in from the East.
Among those who came were many who
depended upon day labor for daily
bread for themselves and their families.
They found the Chinese intrenched in
positions which white men filled in the
East. They found themselves in com-
petition, in the labor market, with men
of a different land, who could not vote.
Then it was learned that the Chinese
were very objectionable. They were
heathen, and this was awful. They
smoked opium, and this was worse.
They gambled, they carried revolvers,
202
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
they organized highbinder societies;
they got control of the best portions of
some of our cities. Then came sand-lot
oratory, and "the Chinese must go" de-
mand. Such an element as the Chi-
nese, who would not become citizens
(why?); who lived frugally; who sent
money out of the country to support
dependent families in China; who lived
in narrow quarters where white men
would suffocate; who spent little money
in saloons; who worked for less wages
than the white man, and who could not
bel rounded up on election day, be-
cause they had no vote, could not be
tolerated in an enlightened country.
Then we were treated to statements
about the millions of Chinese in China,
who would come here and overwhelm
us. This, too, in face of the fact, still
a fact, that there are no Chinese in this
country except from the single province
of which Canton is the capital city, and
in which there are but 16,000,000 of
people.
The result of all this was the Tacoma
effort, in which the then President of
the Y. M. C. A., .whose sister was a mis-
sionary in China, took an important
part; the attempt at Seattle, which
proved futile because of a determined
judge and the militia; the little affair at
Oregon City ; the • effort in Portland,
stamped out by the manly attitude of
the Oregonian and the firmness of offi-
cials. Out of all this agitation came
the stringent restriction legislation so
creditable to a powerful Christian na-
tion.
We have learned some things in these
years, and, since China is taking such
cargoes of American flour and is in
large measure the future market for
many of our products, there is less ex-
citement about being overwhelmed
with anything from China except orders
for our lumber and flour. Those we are
prepared to welcome. Indeed, we are
not much disturbed to learn that in
Portland there are some 60 native-born
Chinese who will vote at our next elec-
tion, if they do not forget to register.
The Chinese who are now here have
more chances for a permanent residence
than was possible before our restriction
measures were adopted. Then the in-
creasing number, by various methods,
of those who .are born here, will call at-
tention to them.
When we consider the Chinaman as
a citizen, it must be remembered that
the average Chinese, at home, has nG
definite idea of citizenship. Laws are
made, officials are appointed, not elecr-
ed, and taxes are levied by the imperial
government. The people have no share
in such business. Their share is to pay
the bills and carry the burdens of gov-
ernment. This lesson of citizenship
must be learned by our Chinese citi-
zens here. Tt is not innate, but must
be taught. If we are content to leave
it to ordinary political sagacity to do the
teaching, the Chinese voter will make a
splendid ally of the boss. Bossism he
understands. But as he is a man of
quick perceptions and many resources
if taught independence, he will know
how to exercise his right as well as an
old-time, independent American, and at
the same time keep his own counsel, so
that no boss can know what he will do.
We must never belittle his keenness, but
rather help him to use it for the good
of the state whose privileges he shares.
When he gets into politics we shall have
some revelations in astuteness and
adaptation to environment which will
surprise us, especially if we have had
a small notion of his ability.
THE CHINESE OF THE PACIFIC COAST.
203
cAt the entrance to a. Joss House.
For domestic service and as laborers
the Chinese are probably unsurpassed in
the world. Fortunately or unfortunately,
depending upon.the/noint of view, we, as
Americans, .know nothing of a servant
class. The girl in the kitchen today will
be the teacher in the public school tomor-
row, and a daughter-in-law the third
day. The American girl is not a serv-
ant. She "helps" that she may help
herself, and can do it as no other wo-
man in the world can. Those domes-
tics who come from other lands soon-
learn the possibilities here, and by and
by are on the force, or in politics,
through matrimonial alliances, and
work, naturally, toward the top. So of
the laboring man who is born here, or
is not too old when he comes here.
The stump-digger of today is the rich
man of tomorrow. The plowboy edits
the great paper; the clerk goes to Con-
gress. But in China there is a vast
multitude who must serve. Men of
204
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
that sort come here. They find that by
neatness and skill and knowledge oi
the language and good manners they
can get on. They take pride in their
work, in their own appearance and their
skill. In some communities of Chinese
in this state the cooks are the aristocracy.
They are well dressed, polite, affable,
and know their value. The Chinese man
who tips his hat to a white lady is, or has
been, a domestic. If they ever fail to
give satisfactory service, the reason for
it will be found in the households where
they serve. As laborers their fidelity is
attested by those who employ them. Al-
though it is noted that the section men
on our railroads today are Japanese, in-
stead of Chinese, the reason for this is
not known to the writer, nor has he had
opportunity to inquire.
As a resident, citizen or servant, the
Chinese are worthy subjects formission-
ary effort. Nor by this do we mean sim-
ply religious missionary effort. Of course,
that is the highest form, and under that
head all else may be done. But in educa-
tion the Chinese readily respond to efforts
made. In fifteen years of educational
work in which the writer has been inter-
ested, not one pupil has been found, ex-
cept among children, who has not shown
appreciation of help. Men grown, who
are compelled to arise at 4 o'clock A. M.
to work; clerks in stores, gardeners,
laundrymen, fishermen, after a day ot
wearying toil, attend night school and
pore over the new language with a zest
and earnestness which wear out the white
teacher. They are equal to the Ger-
mans for persistence. They learn to
write more readily and more exactly
than do our own young people, and are
neater than the ordinary schoolboy with
his copy-book. Were there manual
training-schools to which they could
have access, they would have the dex-
teritv which insures success.
Where the opportunity is offered for
hiefier education the Chinese have taken
high rank in our colleges and universi-
ties. They have mental ability of the
nicest order, and only need the chance
to show it.
In religious work among the Chinese
in this country certain facts must be
borne in mind. They are here separat-
ed from their families; they are not here
to learn religion, but to make money;
they have a religion of their own to
which they are attached by birth, inher-
itance, training and family affection.
Each of these facts presents a barrier to
the acceptance of a new religion, and
the first two facts are a barrier to the
practice of any religion.
Yet the Chinese are not beyond the
reach of the Gospel, and many of them
are consistent members of Christian
churches. Sometimes we think gifts to
religious work are a proof of sincerity.
The Chinese Christians in this country
send thousands of dollars, annually, to
their own country, to maintain churches
and schools, and employ preachers
among their own people. Some of them
return home and become efficient help-
ers there.
The church with which the writer is
connected — Presbyterian — has no less
than six mission stations in Kwong-
tung Province, opened by the aid of men
who had returned from this country. A
fine church building and school were
erected largely by contributions from
Chinese here, and one church and a book
distributing society draws nearly all its
supnort from Chinese Christians in this
land. A Chinese man and woman con-
verted here in Portland, and afterward
married, returned to China, built a com-
fortable home, and gave a house-warm-
in jr. After receiving the congratulations
of bis neighbors on his food fortune in
savins money in the Golden Hills to en-
able him to build siich a home, he re-
plied thankinf his friends for their kind
words: then he added: "I got some-
THE CHINESE OF THE TACIFIC COAST.
20$
thing in the Golden Hills much better
than money, and wish to tell you of it."
Then he confessed himself a Christian,
and urged the Gospel as worthy their
attention. His wife also visits among
the women, telling them of Christianity.
In his native religion there is not much
show. There are "joss houses," but
they resemble very faintly the temple
of the home land. The God of War,
Kwan Ti, seems to be the favorite idol,
and his image is found in the joss house
and in the Chee Kung Tong, Most Just
Hall. His picture is also seen in some
of the stores.
Worship consists in offerings of in-
cense, burning candles, libations, and
prostrations before the image. If the
oracle is to be consulted, lots are cast
after worship, and these lots direct the
inquirer to the book where the desired
message is found. On doors and walls
of shops and houses felicitous expres-
sions are found. At New Year the word
for happiness abounds, and "May the
five blessings descend upon the door" is
a favorite. "May the single door yield
wealth"; "May the opening of the door
be greatly prosperous"; "May the Chi-
nese be at peace and the foreigner be in
harmony," and many others are seen,
written upon slips of red paper.
Often under a small table we find a
strip of paper on which is an inscription
invoking the aid of the god of wealth
and tutelar god of the locality; near this
incense and candles burn, or a dish of oil
with a lighted wick is set.
Perhaps the keenness of the Chinese
is not better shown than in their selec-
tion of quarters. When they have been
allowed 10 decide where they shall live,
tne 10,000 Chinese in ban Francisco,
me 3,000 in .Portland, and the smaller
communities of other towns, are in the
midst ot the business portion of those
cities and towns. They compel our ad-
miration in the business sagacity they
show. There are some 14,000 Chinese in
this collection district, and when they
have had their own way they have hit
upon good business locations for their
various enterprises.
-Let it be remembered that, in the
main, our immigrants from China are
peasants. We have not many of the
mercantile community, nor have we
more than a few literary people.
The peasant is accustomed to very
humble fare. Rice, some vegetables,
occasionally fish, or pork or chicken,
eggs, fruit. But the staple is rice, with
a flavor, only, of meat. Here he eats
the best he can get, and he much en-
joys good food. Relishes are much ap-
preciated, and fruit is enjoyed. A visit
to a grocery will show as much variety
as in our own.
When they can afford it they go' well
dressed. Broadcloth upper garments,
fashionable material for trousers, shoes
of the approved model, and ordinarily a
soft hat, is his equipment. If he has
adopted our costume the apparel usu-
ally is neat and fits well, while the hat
is the Derby of that general style.
One who converses with the Chinese
in English hears him often say of an-
other man, "He is my cousin." Some
think that the cousinship is a very com-
mon relation, and that the Chinese have
as many cousins as the white man who
wants to see a game of football has sick
relatives.
But a "cousin" is simply one who
bears the same surname, and is not an
immediate relative. This grows out of
the family or clan notion. All the
Smiths belong to the Smith family.
Therefore all the Smiths are relatives,
and this relationship is expressed by the
words "Heng Die," which the Chinese
roup-hly translates "cousin."
This calls to mind a peculiarity con-
nected with Chinese names. Every Chi-
nese has a familv name, which never
206
THE TACIFIC MONTHLY.
changes. Wong remains Wong, and
Lee remains Lee to the end of the chap-
ter. This name always is pronounced
and written first, for it is the import-
ant name. Wong Ah Kai in Chinese is
Ah Kai Wong in English. But what we
call the given name or Christian name
changes. The baby has a pet name —
"milk name," the Chinese call it — given
by the mother. This name she will al-
ways use, doubtless, and so will many
of his friends. W'hen the boy goes to
school he has a "book name"; when he
is "capped," a "man name," When he is
married, another may be taken; when he
attains office, another, and after death a
posthumous title or name may be be-
stowed.
The pet name is sometimes apparently
entirely out of place, and is given as a
protection. A boy is a priceless treas-
ure, and some evil spirit may seek to
harm him. But a silly name will de-
ceive the spirit into thinking: "The par-
ents do not care much for that boy, be-
cause they have given him a senseless
name. I will not harm him." So a boy
is called "the dog," "the cow." "the
calf," "the female," or any such ridicu-
lous name.
"Ah," prefixed to so many Chinese
names, sometimes has no meaning and
sometimes has the force of "the." For
example, in a family of eight boys known
to the writer they were numbered, and to
the numeral was prefixed "Ah." "Ah
Ng" was "the 5th," "Ah Sam" was "the
third," and the boys were ordinarily
called "the 3d," and "the 5th."
As a people, the Chinese are one of
the most interesting in the world. The
linguist, the ethnologist, the philoso-
pher, the historian, the philanthropist,
the Christian, finds among them a world
of material for delightful study and re-
search. They are not readily measured
or understood. But they repay all the
labor one is disposed to expend in the
multiform phases of their national or in-
dustrial life. We have not uncovered
the ledges of wealth which lie in that
field. But here and there a prospect has
been made, and in developing these
prospects new discoveries of increasing
richness are found.
They are a wonderful people, and but
just entering upon their career in the
world's history. We need to make and
keep them our friends.
Me Kim's Funeral.
<Bv CAPTAIN HARRY L. WELLS.
It ME KIM is dead; not only dead,
ly I but buried, and buried with all
the barbaric pomp of a Mon-
golian funeral. Me Kim was an edu-
cated Chinese merchant, who came to
Portland some 30 years ago, and, though
he lived here continuously and never re-
turned to his native land, he was just
as much of a Chinaman at the day of
his death as the day he set foot on Amer-
ican soil, with the slight difference that
he had learned to talk pretty fair Eng-
lish. This is one of the most powerful
objections to Chinese immigration, that
the subjects of the Brother of the Sun
never cease to be alien in dress, customs
habits of thought and sympathies, no
matter how long they may live among
us or how much better off thev are here
than they could ever hope to be in their
native land.
Two days ago Me Kim paid the
debt of nature, and todav his gro-
tesque funeral cortege moved through
the streets with its discordant orches-
tra and all that was mortal of the
distinguished deceased was laid to rest
temporarily, awaiting final shipment to
China: for be it known that no matter
how long a Chinaman may expatriate
himself in life, he wants his bones to be
finally buried in the Flowery Kingdom,
for upon that depends his hope of such
a heaven as he expects to reach.
As an overwhelming exhibition of
grotesque ceremonies and imposing
awkwardness a Chinese funeral stands
unrivaled. However impressive it may
be to the true believers, to the unregen-
erate heathen of this country the spec-
tacle is supremely ludicrous. Neither
pen nor pencil can convey to one who
has never witnessed the scene an ade-
quate idea of the manner in which the
numerous ceremonies are performed.
Neither grace nor dignity is exhibited
in any portion of the service; unless
striding jerkily about in long and flap-
ping robe of white cotton, with the head
bandaged with a strip of the same ma-
terial, may be called dignity, and jounc-
ing up and down irregularly on the back
of a horse that wanders about the street
at its own sweet will may be denomi-
nated graceful. Chinese locomotion is
the perfection of awkwardness, whether
it be the ordinary shamble of the loun-
ger, the jog trot of the vegetable vender,
or the supposed stately tread of the
priest; and when these are all combined
in a funeral procession, the effect upon
the Caucasian observer is far from im-
pressive.
Me Kim was not an ordinary China-
man. The coolie, when he departs this
life, is unceremoniously nailed up in a
pine coffin and hurried away to the tem-
porary grave, the procession usually
208
THE TACIFIC MONTHLY.
consisting of a hearse, a hack with a
Chinese orchestra, and an express
wagon, containing a few good things for
ihe departed to eat, his blankets and
other worldly effects. It is only when a
man of wealth or position dies that the
genuine funeral service is performed,
making it an event sufficiently rare to be
always novel and interesting. Me Kim
was a great man, and his funeral today
was the most elaborate and impressive
that has been witnessed in Portland for
many years.
The body lay in state in Me Kim's
store, on Second street, encased in an
elegant rosewood casket. In the street
by the side of the store, a wooden can-
opy, covered with white cloth, was
erected, and in front of this were placed
three long tables, with intervals between'
them. Upon the tables reposed a whole
roast pig, bowls of rice, confections, and
a mass of eatables and drinkables,
enough to make a banquet for a score
of men. These were to be taken to the
grave and left there for the use of the
departed spirit, it being one of the Chi-
nese beliefs that the dead still hunger
for the fleshpots of this world, and will
severely punish those still on this side
of Jordan who should feed them and do
not. The body was brought down and
placed upon an elevated platform be-
neath the canopy and overlooking the
tables. Smoking and smelling punk,
fluttering paper prayers, flapping ban-
ners, and numerous odd and fantastic-
ally colored devices completed the equip-
ment, save mats before the tables upon
which the priests kneeled. About the
tables was gathered a motley crowd of
spectators, Caucasian and Mongolian,
and within the circle the cotton-gowned
priests performed the various ceremo-
nies of the occasion.
The priests bowed themselves success-
ively upon the mats, sometimes singly,
sometimes in pairs, and at times three to-
gether, kneeling and touching their fore-
heads to the ground, continually chant-
ing in a shrill and unmusical voice some
form of supplication, never forgetting at
all times to agitate vigorously the fans
they held in their hands. For nearly an
hour this performance was carried on,
a constant clatter being maintained by
two Chinese orchestras seated in hacks
stationed conveniently near. The cul-
minating spectacle was the procession,
intended, no doubt, to be imposing. For
lack of a competent field marshal there
was great difficulty in getting the com-
ponent parts of the parade in their prop-
er places in the column, but after much
running backward and forward, wrang-
ling and chattering, the different ele-
ments of the pageant were properly dis-
posed and the line of march was taken
up.
Owing to the wealth and exalted posi-
tion of the deceased, an American band
had been engaged to help render the oc-
casion more impressive. This innova-
tion was introduced a number of years
ago, when a wealthy merchant died and
his funeral cortege passed solemnly
along the street with the band playing
"Maginty." During the preliminary
ceremonies the band gave expression to
the general grief by playing ''Two Lit-
tle Girls in Blue" and "Daisy," but when
the procession started it struck up a
dirge, and even at that cadence it nearly
ran away from the remainder of the pro-
cession before it was properly placed in
line. The most difficulty was had in lo-
cating two white-robed musicians, who
were evidently an important factor in
the display. Each bore across his left
shoulder a long pole, from the rear ot
which fluttered a banner, while a gong
depended from the end in front. Upon
these gongs they beat at irregular inter-
vals. Whether it was intended to fright-
en away evil spirits or to announce to
those on the other side the approach of
another to join them, it must have had
the effect desired. It was loud and dis-
cordant enough. They first took the
head of the procession, then were moved
to the rear, then given a place in the
center, and finally, after a start had been
made, came trotting to the front again,
and stationed themselves immediately
behind the hearse. At this point a Chi-
naman ran towards them excitedly for
the fifth time, and snatched from their
heads the dirty black hats they had for-
gotten to remove, revealing two red tur-
bans that made quite a transformation in
their appearance.
When fully in motion the cortege con-
CHRISTINE STURBURG' S 'RIDE.
209
sisted of two white-robed couriers on
horseback, who looked exceedingly un-
comfortable and could neither keep
abreast of each other nor in the middle
of the street; the band, playing Men-
delssohn's beautiful funeral march; the
hearse; the two red-turbaned gong-
beaters; a dozen white-robed priests; the
widow, with disheveled hair and bare
feet, weeping copiously; an express
wagon containing the feast to be left on
the grave, and a Chinaman who strewed
little pieces of paper along the street as
a guide for the departed spirit upon his
friendly visits to his former home, and
a long procession of hacks, two of them
containing clattering and shrieking Chi-
nese orchestras and the others having
Chinese occupants or being entirely
empty. In the number of persons par-
ticipating and of carriages, it was the
largest funeral procession that has
passed through the streets of Portland
for years, and it attracted greater crowds
upon the streets as it passed along. Me
Kim was laid to rest in a style that must
have been highly gratifying to his ob-
servant and exacting spirit, and expen-
sive to his estate, and when, at some
future time, his bones shall have been
given final interment in the sacred soil of
China, there will be nothing of which his
ghost can complain.
Christine Sturburg's Ride.
IN TWO PARTS.
<By 8MARY 'BURKE CALHOUN.
Part I.
THE California coast country is al-
ways lonely. It consists mostly
of ' the foothills of the Coast
Range, which slope down to the sea,
ending in abrupt cliffs whereon the bil-
lows of the Pacific crash, whirling their
spray into the wind. Here and there a
little stream tumbles down from the
mountains, cutting out a little valley
which terminates in a bit of beach. De-
spite the loneliness, the dairymen who
live along the coast have pretty homes
and comfortable ranch houses, all built
down in the brook hollows to avoid the
cold trade-winds which sweep down the
coast all summer long. The grass of
the hillsides, green through the spring,
is cured by the summer sun and affords
pasture the year round. Swedes and
Italians have usurped this country for
their dairies, and no thriftier, cleaner
countrymen can be found.
Gustaf Sturburg, nicknamed "The
Don," was one of these, and he prided
himself on the weight of his butter rolls
and on the size and color of his cheeses;
no better were ever found in market on
shipping day.
This rainy morning, he stood with
folded bare arms in the doorway of the
barn, facing the hills. A justified pride
gleamed in his eye as he watched the
great black-and-white Holstein cattle
winding down the paths from the up-
per pasture. Some dairymen counted
their cows by units, running no higher
than twenty or thirty; Gustaf Sturburg
counted his by tens and did not stop
with hundreds.
The vaqueros slid sidewise down the
hills, turning their horses this way and
that to catch the strays. 'The Don" ob-
served with satisfaction that they obeyed
his every suggestion in managing the
herd. But his satisfaction died away
into a frown that darkened as a Spanish
vaquero broke from the herd and rode
straight toward him. He dismounted
by the fence, and, leaning over it, ad-
dre==ed his master in imperfect English:
"Senor knows the cow we found in the
far pasture? Senor examined it himself.
210
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
He is mistaken. No lion ever killed it.
It has been carved, here and here, so and
so — " illustrating with the edge of his
hand on the side of his broncho.
"The Don" bit convulsively at the
ends of his long black mustache and his
eyes grew ugly with passion. Of all
hated things the coast coumry most de-
spises a cattle-thief. Not even a fence-
breaker is so detested. Without a wora
the master turned from the expectant
face of the vaquero and walked to the
stall of his ready-saddled mare. Throw-
ing a noose of rope about her nose, he
mounted and rode from the barn toward
the hills, the vaquero, unbidden, follow-
ing at a respectful distance.
"The devil's afoot," he whispered as
he passed his fellow-herders. This word
was whispered from one to another as
they pushed the cattle into the yards.
The milkers went to work hurriedly, only
pausing in passing from one cow to an-
other to look furtively toward the hills.
"The Don" in anger was a thing to be
dreaded.
"Kossuth is a brave one to go with
him," said one.
"It was braver of him to inform him,"
replied his neighbor, moving past with
his stool strapped to him to squat at a
cow close by.
"Had it been among the trees there
would have been no need to report it,"
said the first.
"No," replied the second, "but 'The
Don' doesn't appoint his days of riding
the ranch, and had he found those cuts
it would have been all up with us."
And then a third milker, bolder than
the rest, struck the thought all were en-
gaged with. " 'The Don' said it had been
killed by a mountain lion, and he does
not like to be mistaken.''
Meanwhile "The Don" and his com-
panion had silently wound their way
over the foothills to the far pasture, a flat
space of several acres on the top of a
ridge. This same ridge ran down into
the sea in the form of a sandy headland,
separating the Sturburg property .from
that of Waddell's canyon.
The men rode to the far edge of the
open. There lay the dead cow. The
vaquero pulled back the hide to show the
great slashes a knife had made. He
made no comment, merely pointing to
the tracks now filled with water, leading
up irom the other side to the carcass.
'The Don" said nothing, but turned
home. Kossuth kept his wonted dis-
tance, lost in the contemplation of the
little wells of muddy water which fell
from the hoofs of the mare of his leader.
All the while, "The Don's" little sis-
ter, Christine, was busy scouring the
shelves of the cheese room. This done,
she watched the new milk pour into a
great vat from without. Through the
little window she could see the milkers
at their work. One of them approached
to empty his bucket into the vat funnel
outside, bending his head to avoid the
water which was blown into his face from
the dripping eaves. Raising the funnel
lid, he poured in the rich milk, which
ran in a wrinkled, creamy stream through
the trough inside, falling in bubbles into
the vat below.
"There'll be a gale," called Christine.
"Yes," smiled the milker with a glance
at the sky, "and a bad one, too."
"Where is my brother?" queried Chris-
tine. The milker opened his lips as
though to reply, but, with a swift look
at the hillside, he sped away and squatted
to his work.
Christine followed his glance, and saw
her brother slipping and winding his way
down the hill. Her little forehead
knitted itself into wrinkles. What could
be the matter? Was her brother angry?
That would be too bad, for when angry
"The Don" was not kind even to his lit-
tle sister, the only member of his fam-
ily. Christine waited, but worked while
she waited. She determined to watch
her chance and interview Kossuth. She
saw her brother call two of his milkers
and enter the stable with Kossuth. Just
at this juncture she was called to help the
old housekeeper, Ursula.
"You are quiet as a tomb," exclaimed
Ursula, noting the solemnity of Chris-
tine's face as she flitted to and fro, ar-
ranging the table. Christine made no
reply, but, winding her two thick braids
of hair about her head, she snatched up
a bonnet and tied its strings securely be-
neath her chin.
"You are not to go out," grunted the
heavy Ursula, raising a finger at her.
CHRISTINE STURBURG'S CRIDE.
211
"Your brother won't have it. He says
he has enough to run out into the wet
without your having to go."
"I go to the cheese room," replied
Christine, without looking at the wrin-
kled face whose -eyes were bent upon her.
Hearing no reply, she slipped away and.
stood guard behind the cheese room
doOr. One by one the men came up oh
the long porch, washed themselves, and
went in to supper. By and by her broth-
er came. Kossuth was not with him. As
she had hoped, he had remained in the
stable to rub down the horses. Never
had she seen her brother's face so terri-
ble. With flying feet she ran down the
steps, and, leaping from block to block,
she crossed the muddy cowyard and
opened the stable door.
"Sh — sh!" she warned Kossuth the
minute he turned his dark eyes upon her.
With brushes in hand, he hastened tow-
ard her.
"Go back, Christine. Thy brother is
very angry. Go back! He might tear
thee to pieces," and he stooped to peer
through a chink to see if the brother
were visible. He had spoken in Span-
ish, but she understood too well.
"But, Kossuth, you must tell me the
why that my brother is so angry," her
little Swedish tongue struggling with the
English words.
"The cow in the far pasture was killed
by. a man. Meat has been cut from it,"
he replied abruptly.
"Does he know the killer?"
"Everybody knows. That fellow back
in the hills with the herd of muchachos.
Too many muchachos. He robs to feed
them," and Kossuth pursed up his lips
in disgust at the thought of such a fam-
ily. Little Christine stood looking up at
him with round blue eyes, her pretty
mouth drooping fearfully.
"And what means my brother to do?"
Kossuth put a finger across his mouth
and rolled his eyes toward the house.
"Will he be hung like old Jacobson's
son?" she persisted. Kossuth took up
the end of a lariat hanging close by and
wound it about his neck. Dropping it
again, he smiled grimlv.
"When?" asked Christine.
"We leave after the morning milking
to drive the cows to pasture. It takes
four to do that." Kossuth winked know-
ingly.
"it will be too wet for the cattle," sug-
gested L,nnstine.
"Hie storm has hot yet broken. This
is only wind." Kossuth turned to his
work of brushing off the horses. There
was a long row of them and Christine saw
that he could not leave his work to carry
her back to the house, so she went out
into the wind once more, and, nearly
losing her balance at every leap, she at
last gained the protection of the porch.
Dropping her bonnet, she peered into
the dining-room, but not seeing her
brother, she ran into the front hall and
up the stairs to his bedroom. Without
knocking, she opened the door. She
was doing a very brave thing for a lit-
tle girl of thirteen, but because she was
small for thirteen, she dared to do it.
"Gustaf," she whispered, "I want to
be with thee." She spoke in the native
tongue.
"The Don" looked sharply at her as he
turned on his stool and dropped his pen
into its holder.
"Gustaf, thou wilt not be a man-kill-
er?" She put a little hand on his knee
and looked up into his face, her chin
quivering.
"Who has told thee such nonsense?"
he growled.
"No one," she quickly replied, remem-
bering the fears of Kossuth. "But I hear
talk from the dining-room." She knew
"The Don" was no match for a roomful
of men.
"Stop thy silly ears to such talk. It is
not for them"; he scowled terribly.
■ "But, Gustaf," (she was calling him
purposely by his own name), "I was
climbing up the creek for ferns one day,
and I came to that poor English lady's
home. It was so miserable, and the chil-
dren were so ragged. I gave them my
lunch. The lady has such beauty and
she is so pale. Thou wilt not take away
their papa?" She pressed hard on his
knee.
"Be gone with thy talk. It is none oi
thy doing!" He was growing angrier.
"Oh! But Gustaf, • I have no papa,
and it is very hard." She began to cry.
At this her brother took her up in his
arms and carried her into the hallway.
212
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
He was exasperated, but there was some-
thing softer in his manner after he had
called Ursula.
"We do nothing until we are sure.
And, Christine, thou must not weep for
a thief. Go, white heart," and he shut
the door with scorn.
Christine ran to the fat arms of Ursula
and buried her face in the plump bosom.
Ursula led her to her chamber and talked
to her as she unfastened her little gar-
ments.
"Thou hast had a busy day, and art
tired. I shall tuck thee in and give thee
thy supper here. There, little one."
Christine put in no protest.
Ursula got the goodies of the kitchen
together and took them to her charge.
Christine appreciated the treat and ate
heartily, while old Ursula busied herself
fixing up the cozy little room. She
loved this child as her own ; she had been
her mother all the years of her young
life.
"Ursula, dost thou think that my
brother will go tomorrow?"
"That is not for us to say," replied
Ursula.
"But, Ursula, the little children will
have no papa. There are four of them
and their papa has been ill. That is
why they came here. The lady told me
so, and she is so beautiful. My brother
is very bad if he is a man-killer." The
little face on the pillow was flushed but
very positive.
"That is none of thy business," said
Ursula sharply. She well understood
her place in the family. Christine sat up
in bed.
"But I shall hate him!" she screamed.
Ursula blew out the candle.
"Sleep will be good for such a tem-
per," declared the old lady, feeling vainly
in the dark for the tray of victuals, many
of which had not been touched.
"Well, it can stay," she grunted, and
left the room, closing the door behind
her.
Left alone, little Christine lay awake
wondering. She was so worried. She
pressed her little hands to her head, for
it ached; but she lay verv still, and when
Ursula looked in on her way to bed
Christine was peacefullv sleeping. But,
if asleep, Christine did not sleep long.
^>ne listened uiiLil every noise lit mc
nouse nau uieu away, uiougn uie wind
raciieu uie uoors ana winuuws alarming-
ly. i-vDout i o ciock sue ngnted ner can-
dle, screening it careiuiiy ior rear 01 de-
tection, men she dressed herseh and
ate what she could, at last stealing into
the hall, where a long row oi coats and
hats hung. It was very draughty in the
hall. She lifted a bunch of clothing from
a hook and slipped back into her own
room. She laid her load on the bed and
looked it over. There was one short,
woolly coat. She put this on. It nearly
reached the floor, and a great deal of
sleeve had to be turned back. A very
wide flap had to be pinned over to make
it fit her body. With difficulty she pulled
on her rubbers, and, tying her knotted
scarf about her head, and stuffing the
candle and matches, together with a Dit
of bread, into her pocket, she again en-
tered the hall, now only lighted by the
dim moonshine.
Her little footsteps could not be heard
above the clatter of the storm. She
opened and closed doors without fear,
and at last stood on the porch. Above,
now and then, the moon peered through
the clouds which nearly covered the
heavens, the force of the wind to be
guessed only by their flight. She looked
toward the barn and was afraid; but she
pushed her way toward it, muttering:
"My brother shall not be a man-killer."
She opened the stable door with diffi-
culty, lifting the heavy bar. Now in-
side, she lighted her candle, and with this
in hand she stole along back of the row
of horses to the far end of the stable.
Here, Jason, the swiftest and blackest
steed of the dairy, was tied. Snorting a
little at the sight of her, he struggled to
his feet. In spite of her fears she laughed,
for she knew that she looked more. like
a chubby bear than a harmless little girl.
"You must take me to Pescadero.
Jason. It is not far, but the way is so
bad." She pulled him up to the manger,
and, standing on its edge, she struggled
long and hard to put on his fondle. At
last she succeeded. As for a saddle, that
was out of the question. She found her
own surcin'He, and, throwinier it aeain and
asrain, finally got it over his back and
strapped on the side, though not tight
§MY &MESSAGE. 213
at all, for he swelled out his sides and his sides and the surcingle, she clung to
nipped at her sleeve as though her feeble him as he bounded from the barn,
little hands were, lacing him in two. Twice he circled the yard before she
This done, she propped the door open, could get him back to the barn door, to
likewise the yard gate; then she returned shake the prop from it and swing it to.
and managed by climbing the side of the As for fastening it, it might remain un-
stall to get to the back of the great horse, fastened to account for the escape of
Not until then did she untie him, and Jason. With the gate she had the same
this with the greatest difficulty. He difficulty, but she knew the wind would
turned so suddenly that she came near keep it shut if once closed, so she gal-
falling, but, tightening her grasp on the loped away under the cloudy moon,
reins, and forcing her feet in between (To be concluded next month.)
Spring.
The Spring has come and buried lies
The joyless, cheerless Winter's gloom,
Each bird his love-spurred task now plies,
And plumes his wing to please her eyes,
New tender love-notes ever tries.
The present days the past illume,
Since Spring has come and buried lies
The joyless, cheerless Winter's gloom.
SMa.rga.ret Stanislawsky.
My Message.
I send to you a message,
O'er mountain, stream and plain;
Like summer bird of passage,
Returning home again.
Though wild March winds are snarling.
Its mate comes with the starling;
But all alone, my darling,
I send the old love word.
Not steam, or wire flashing,
I'll trust my message to;
No dove, or courier dashing,
Shall bear my thought to you;
Bin, by the might of loving.
Time, distance, doubt removing.
The spirit's God-power proving,
In your heart, I'll be heard.
New hopes, new prospects gladden;
New plans are forming fast;
Since memory comes to sadden,
You've buried deep your past;
Yet, through the joy-bells' ringing,
Through shame or sorrows stinging,
Yes, e'en through angels' singing,
Yonr soul shall hear me call.
And like that strange star's gleaming,
That o'er Bethlehem shone.
Shall flash your old, fond dreaming,
Of one you called your own.
That dream your whole heart filling,
AH newer passions chilling,
This message your soul thrilling:
"I love you best of all."
cAdonen.
The Indian's Turkish Bath.
IN AN Indian's estimation of things
cleanliness is not very apt to be
placed next to godliness. As a
matter of fact he thinks little or nothing
about his person other than to adorn it
with bright colors. The Indian's Turk-
ish bath, therefore, or the substitute for
it, the sweathouse; is not intended as a
cleansing process. It is his cure for dis-
ease, and doubtless is efficacious in cur-
ing or relieving rheumatism.
Indian sweathouses are found along
the river banks of most of the Northern
Indian reservations. The one shown in
the illustration is located on the Uma-
tilla river in Eastern Oregon, and was
made for Che-lum, the figure in the pic-
ture, one of the wise men of the tribe,
who stands high in the councils of his
peopie, and who has made many trips
to Vv ashington in their interests.
In the autumn when the Indians leis-
urely return from the hunt and gather-
ing huckleberries in the mountains, they
are wont to establish a temporary resi-
dence on the banks of a river. A sweat-
house is an indispensable feature of these
nomadic establishments. Almost before
the camp is pitched, the earth is lightly
scooped out in the form of a round hol-
low, and a skeleton framework of willow
boughs is bent over it, making a sort of
beaver's house, and not much larger.
This is carefully covered with deerskins,
fir boughs and earth — anything to ex-
clude the air. With the exception of
the hole in front, the place is air-tight,
and the "waste-te-mo" is complete.
THE INDIAN'S TURKISH 'BATH.
215
In a fire near by, some stones from
the river's marge have been heated until
they, are very hot. The Indian to be
healed now enters the "waste-te-mo" and
the Turkish bath is begun.
The hot stones are rolled into the
house, which is quickly and closely
closed by blankets by the attending .
squaw, and water is then thrown upon**
the heated stones within. Immediately
the "waste-te-mo" is filled with steam,
and the rheumatic joints of the old
siwash become limber. _ He endures the
stifling atmosphere, sweats until the heat
becomes intolerable, and then with a
whoop dashes out of the sweathouse and
plunges into the cold water of the river,
and the bath is finished.
Elisc.
A Sequel to "The Voice of the Silence."
Chapter III.
THE girl lifted her graceful length
from the lounging chair, crossed
the hearth-rug in a single step and
threw her arms about her startled host-
ess.
"I object to being tolerated as an out-
sider any longer," she said, with a half-
sob in her voice. "Either let me into
your heart, or shut the door upon me
and be done with it."
"Why," stammered Elise, surprised,
confused and vaguely troubled, "I have
not meant — "
"No; you have not meant to do either
the one thing or the other. That is
where it hurts. I have been to you
neither more nor less than the rest of
the world. I want to be more." She
released the slender, passive figure and
half turned aside. "If I cannot be that,
then—"
"But you are," murmured Elise, wish-
ing to be kind. "I assure you — " But
the girl broke in, impatiently:
"Let us have done with convention-
alities," she cried. "I want to be of
some use in the world, of some use to
you. I am tired of this senseless round
of pleasure that is, after all, nothing but
a mockery. You put me to shame with
your seriousness. Set me to work — let
me help you — let me go down into your
precious slums and learn something
about life."
She spoke rapidly, but with a note of
deadly earnestness in her voice.
"I am sure," began Elise protestingly,
"that your time is anything but wasted.
You are secretary of the board of Asso-
ciated Charities and vice-president of the
Twice a Month Club, and — and — inter-
ested in ever so many things," she con-
cluded lamely, conscious that she was
begging the question, and yet scarcely
clear as yet as to just what she ought to
do and say under the circumstances, find-
ing it difficult to recognize in this sud-
denly earnest woman, whose flushed
cheeks and wet eyelashes betrayed the
depth of her emotion, the brilliant, if
somewhat cynical Katherine Farmer,
whom she had always regarded as a
clever but rather heartless society girl.
"There it is again! You are putting
me off with empty words and meaning-
less phrases. You know as well as I
that the offices you name are mere vacu-
ous titles, and the organizations that are
their excuse for existence are only make-
believes when it comes to a question of
real work. It's a sort of salve which we
of the world and the flesh use to
soothe a not quite stifled conscience.
Bah! what fools we are to cheat our-
selves with self-created shams. I am
sick — sick of it all. Show me how_ to
get hold of something true, something
honest, and I will bless you for it as long
as we both shall live.''
"You ask much," said Elise in a low
voice.
"Yes, I know, but you will do it. You
216
THE 'PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
have found a better way in which to
walk." She spoke with hopefulness and
animation now.
"Have I?" cried Elise, and turned back
to the mantelpiece, laying her arm along
its narrow shelf and hiding her face
against her arm. "Oh, have I found
anything but a path beset with thorns?"
But the last part of her speech was
breathed to herself and Katherine did
not hear.
"Have you not, dear Mrs. Randolph?
Do we not, all, even the giddiest among
us, see and admit it?" She came close
again and laid her hand in Elise's open
palm, and stood facing her upon the
hearthrug. "Oh, if you knew what a
reproach you have been to me these last
few years. At first I did not realize
that you were different, and I was skepti-
cal and thought you did it for effect when
you began to interest yourself in these
things; but I have known better for a
long time now, and I have been trying
to find out why you cared to do it and —
and I want to help you. I want you to
show me how to do something useful."
"No one can help me," murmured
Elise under her breath; and then aloud,
"how can I show you that which I have
not yet found out for myself? It is all a
mistake to think we can do anything to
lessen the woe of the world. The
trouble lies deeper than a woman's hands
can reach." She spoke wearily, almost
hopelessly, and Katherine noticed for
the first time how thin and drawn her
face looked as she turned toward the
light. Her cheeks were pale and there
were dark circles under the eyes, and the
eyes — there was a desperate sadness in
their blue depths that made them almost
black.
"I don't think I quite understand.
Mrs. Randolph."
"No, of course not. I cannot explain
because I am not quite clear about it
myself, only this much, it is not by giv-
ing them bread that the poor are helped
to anv permanent good."
"How then?"
"Ah, that is beyond me. I only know
that it needs a stronger hand than
woman's to right the wrongs imposed
by universal selfishness upon the weak
and ignorant."
"But must they not be fed meantime?"
"They must be taught to feed them-
selves, and then — "
"And then?"
"They must be permitted to do so.
Equality, universal brotherhood; how
men prate and preach about it, but where
is the man who dares or cares to prac-
tice what he preaches? We call our-
selves Christian, and by our actions mock
the name of Christ every day and every
hour. Or if there is upon the earth one
man brave enough and honest enough
to form his life upon the New Testament
ideal he is called a fanatic, a visionary, a
monomaniac. Do you wonder that see-
ing the wretchedness of the laboring
poor, the horrible conditions under which
they toil and starve and sin and suffer,
and realizing the hopeless selfishness of
those in whose hands lies the power to
impose these conditions or to improve
them, he has grown to believe that the
only remedy for human misery lies in the
extermination of the race? Oh, there
are too many children in the tenements
of the poor, too few in the houses of the
rich. If God himself is powerless how
shall we, who labor blindly, ever hope
to work a change?" She spoke with ve-
hemence, almost with passion, yet the
weary look did not leave her face, nor
did the color come into her cheek.
Katherine regarded her wonderingly.
She had a curious impression that these
earnest sentences were uttered to con-
ceal the woman's real feeling.
"There is something else," she
thought; "something which she does not
wish me to know or suspect. I wonder
what it is, and why?" But she only said
softly: "Yet you will not give up youi
work down there in — Reese Alley, 1
mean, and the schools and homes and
things?"
Elise looked at her steadily for a mo-
ment before replying, and the girl had
again that curious sensation. "It was
as if," she said to herself, recalling the
interview later, "as if she looked at some-
thins: far off and did not see me at all."
"Will I give it up?" she said. "No,
no, I shall not give it up. For whether
or not anvthing comes of it to others, it
is my salvation." She left the hearth-
rug and walked slowly down the length
ELISE.
217
of the room, then came back, and smiling
hela out her hand. "Forgive me, " she
said sweetly. "I am atraid 1 have
seemed very brusque and — and unkind,
it is lovely of you to offer to help me.
You will be disappointed and disgusted
and discouraged a thousand times; but
if you are as much in earnest as you think
you are you will never give up once you
enlist in the cause."
"Then you will let me do something?"
"Let us go down to luncheon now.
When you are physically refreshed you
shall go with me to Reese Alley and
make the acquaintance of Mam Betz,
whose capacity for beer is something
phenomenal, but in whom the maternal
instinct predominates to a marvelous de-
gree. If you can overcome your natural
repugnance to vile odors and viler sights
long enough to get below the surface you
will find that human nature is, at bottom,
about the same in a rickety tenement in
Reese Alley as in a drawing-room on the
upper avenue."
As they left the room a childish figure
emerged from the fartherest corner of
the room and slowly followed them. It
was the Indian lad, Nanita's son, who
never appeared at the family board when
Colonel Randolph was at home, and
never missed doing so when he was not.
Elise waited for him at the foot of the
stairs and drew him to her side when he
came down. "I thought you had for-
gotten," she said tenderly. "You know
Miss Farmer?"
The boy held out his hand, small, deli-
cately shaped and brown, and Katherine
clasped it in her own jeweled white one
and made some commonplace remark.
She was not particularlv fond of children,
did not know them, in fact, and this little
black-eved lad always inspired in her a
sense of uneasiness.
"I am honestly afraid of him," she said
once to the colonel. "He makes me feel
mv own inferiority when he stares at me
with those big solemn eyes. Does he
never smile?"
"Reallv," replied the colonel, "T do not
(To be
know that I have ever thought to ob-
serve. He keeps out of my way, you
see. Mrs. Randolph prefers him to a
dog — a woman must have some sort ol a
pet, I suppose. I never liked dogs, so,
on the whole, I commend her good taste.
However, if he annoys you he shall be
suppressed."
Katherine laughed. "On the con-
trary, he interests me; though for com-
panionship give me the dog."
Since his marriage Colonel Randolph
had seen much of Miss Farmer. He had
always regarded her as a girl of excep-
tional natural ability, but she had never
appealed to him as being particularly
womanly. In fact, he had been rather
repelled by her apparent cynicism, and
accepted that as one of the reasons why
she had not married. A man admires
a clever woman and a ready wit, but a
tongue too quick at repartee is not cov-
eted in a wife. He was beginning to
ask himself of late if he had not been too
hasty in his judgment of her. Perhaps
his present opinions were somewhat col-
ored by her evident devotion to Elise.
For Colonel Randolph was still deeply in
love with his wife and was inclined to
think that the whole world ought to look
at her through his eyes. It is one of the
severest tests of a woman's character, this
close intimacy of marriage, and she who
can live through it without losing some
measure of her husband's respect is to
be envied. When a woman loses her
hold on her husband's heart it is herself
and not he or some counter charm that
is to blame. This man would go down
to the grave loving, adoring this woman,
but understanding her — never. She
was to him, after all these years, as
sweetly incomprehensible as when on
that not-to-be forgotten night she had
quickened his pulse and stirred his heart
to love by the touch of her lips against
his throat. She had puzzled him then —
she was a mystery still. The little In-
dian lad knew her better, was closer to
her thou edits than he. For he was not
of the initiated,
continued.)
Recently Discovered Unpublished Poems
of Sam L Simpson.
OREGON'S GREATEST POET.
Sa.m L. Simpson.
Courtesy ol "Oregox Native Sons.'
To Editor Pacific Monthly—
Since the death of Oregon's gifted poet,
S. L. Simpson, I notice a revival of interest
in his charming poesy. To help it along, I
enclose some specimens that I helieve have
never been in print. During the winter of
1879 I had the honor and pleasure of enter-
taining our "poet laureate" at my bachelor
quarters on Williams creek, Josephine coun-
ty, and he then and there, through my urg-
ing and advice, undertook and carried through
the work of collecting and preparing a vol-
ume of his poems for publication. He did
not have in his possession a single scrap of
the many gems he had scattered broadcast
to our Western breezes. I had tmny of his
choicer poems, however, carefully pasted
away in a scranbook, which, with others pro-
cured from different sources, formed the
nucleus for an interesting volume.
It was a part of the programme that he
was to indite some new pieces to go with it;
but so dilatory was he in getting his muse in
right temper for the fray, that I began to
think the additions from this source would
not be large. When he did get down to
work, however, his industry was what amazed
me. I thought he would never stop. Many
of his best poems were written on that occa-
sion, with anything but poetical surroundings
to inspire his verse, so that when he left
Josephine county he carried with him a com-
pleted volume of resplendent song. My own
valued usufruct of the performance consisted
in several first-draft copies of the new pieces.
This will explain how I came to be cus-
todian of SO' much of his manuscript. The
finished product which he intended for pub-
lication, of course, was often different from
the first-draft copy, but in the absence of the
ripened fruit some idea of its quality may be
formed from the specimens we have at our
command. But his book, so far as I am ad-
vised, never saw the light of publication day.
The printing-house that undertook its pub-
lication, I believe, failed, after it had the
entire volume in type.
"Dashings of the Oregon" was to have
been the title of the book, suggested by Bry-
ant's beautiful lines:
"Or lose thyself in the continuous woods
Where rolis the Oregon, and hears no sound
Save its own dashings. "
His preface you will find enclosed with this
communication.
Very truly yours,
Wm. W. f idler.
Grant's Pass, Feb. 20, 1900.
Preface to Book of Poems by Sam L.
Simpson.
Where the kings of the mountains are lifted
In an armor of silver and pearl,
And the shadows of ages are drifted
In the banners the forests unfurl,
Where the Oregon's gathering waters
Go down to the strife of the sea,
And Willamette meanders and loiters
By many a rose-clustered lea,
In the regions of Hesper — the starlands
Abloom in the gold-gated West,
I have crowned a wild muse with these gar-
lands—
The rue-leaves along with the rest.
In the chaplets of verse that I bring her
Some strain you may haply prolong;
Then to me is the joy of the singer,
And to you — the delight of the song.
RECENTLY DISCOVERED UNPUBLISHED TOEMS OF SAM L. SIMPSON. 219
Love Will Surely Come To-morrow.
In a chamber rich with wedded color
A maiden loosed her lustrous hair,
Like a young moon meshed in threaded sun-
light
Her beauty throbbed in the tressy snare.
Oh, she was fair as a rose-lipped lily —
A rosy marble of molded song,
And around her lips fond thoughts were hum-
ming
Like sweet-faint bees that feast too long.
Love will surely come tomorrow,
Even now his glowing feet
Dash the dappled shore of darkness
Into blushes warm and sweet,
And his wavering, ruby arrow
Pledges heaven to me tomorrow.
Awhile she stood in the rippled splendor
Of amber tresses all unbound.
And the irised clouds of castled dreamland
Ever her sea-deep soul surround.
And the dear eyes drooped with a sudden
languor,
And over her curving lips a shade
Of far, faint trouble fell and flitted.
As she gathered her hair in a careless braid.
Love will surely come tomorrow;
But if love inconstant be
Death had better wear my favor
As a faithful knight to me;
Better, if love assail with sorrow,
Death should be my guest tomorrow.
And the twin-sphered bosom, like camelias,
White-clustered round twin buds of rose,
Now loose a gilded swarm of star-beams
To feed upon her sweet repose;
As the lashes, brown as twilight shadows,
Droop softly o'er the sapphire eyes,
And around her lips the bashful dimple
Of love's young hope entranced lies.
Love will surely come tomorrow;
All the roses at the gate
Lean their dewy heads together
As they whisper, "Dream and wait!"
Many maids a wreath will borrow
When they greet their loves tomorrow."
And the moon uprose: her slender sickle
From steep to steep was handed on.
And all the harvest gold of midnight
In sheafy splendor showered down:
An angel, from the fretted casement
Of one far star, on wings of pearl,
Kent tryst with her, upon her bosom
One moment lay his fraerrant curl.
Love will surely come tomorrow;
Whom the angels kiss at night.
'Neath the vermeil arch of morning
Ever find their soul's delight —
Never more a doubt will harrow,
Love will surely come tomorrow.
And the morning broke, its beryl billow
Fringed with scarlet foam outspread,
And the day had burst its dewy calyx,
And flamed in blossom overhead;
But the maiden, pale as some wan flower,
In whose pure chalice love had burned
Its magic perfumes, lay unlitten
Heart and hope to ashes turned.
Death will often claim the morrow
We have wreathen with desire,
Often hope but decks the altar
Where her flames at last expire.
Yet, if love assail with sorrow,
Death were truer king tomorrow.
Forever.
The temples of youth are decaying
In Beutah, the beautiful vale,
And my life has been wearily straying
Away from its beautiful pale,
Where the waters of Marah are sobbing
The sorrow ot desolate years —
The sorrow and tremulous throbbing
Of hopes that have darkened to fears.
Forever, forever, forever,
The dolorous song of the river,
The wail of the river of tears.
In Beulah, a ring-belted river,
That danced in a garland of pearl,
First sang the refrain of forever
With many a wimple and swirl,
And the flag-flowers bent in the rushes
For a touch of the fanciful stream,
And the roses in redolent blushes
Were aflame with the magical dream.
Forever, forever, forever,
Was the song of the ring-belted river,
The refrain of a beautiful theme.
And love, with red lips, in the pauses
Of passion took up the refrain,
And the birds, in their rapturous clauses
Of silence to listen were fain;
But the leaves in a silvery quiver
Of mystery whispered the breeze
That a rainbow of crimson would ever
Rekindle the blossom of ease.
Forever, forever, forever.
Was the song of the jubilant river,
In the odorous haunts of the bees.
Where the mountains, in desolate places,
Are kneeling, bare-kneed, in the sand,
And my Sphinxes, with mystical faces,
Are gazing in revery grand — ■
The garlands I twined by the river
Are fillets of flame on my brow,
And the crystalline chime of forever
Is the dirge of Elysium now.
Forever, forever, forever,
Alas, for the musical river
That sang me the treacherous vow.
220
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
The stars, on their cold eminences,
May weave immortelles of the light,
But my soul, in its vapor of senses,
Is crowned with the sorrow of night;
And the oceans may chant, as they follow
The glittering shield of the moon,
But their music is weary and hollow —
A gloomy, unsyllabled rune.
Forever, forever, forever,
Is a lonesome refrain, if it sever
A soul from the loves of its June.
There's an odor of death in the flowers
That droop in this chaplet of mine;
Believe me, in sunnier hours
They breathed an aroma divine —
And so I shall wear them forever,
Thus drying in garlands of death,
As I turn with sick lips and a shiver
From the kiss of a following wraith.
Forever, forever, forever,
Is the song of a shadowless river
That shall heal the old sorrows of faith.
The Indian "Arabian Nights."
Began in September, 1899. — (Conclusion.)
'By H S. LYMAN.
I N THE legendary lore of the Tlah-
tsops all objects, the air, the water, the
earth and rocks and trees are endowed
with life and intelligence.
For instance, the roar of the sea was
not to them the sound of the waves
breaking upon the shore, but the voice
of a spirit chained in depths of the ocean
who clamored to be free. When the wind
was from the south the captive spirit
roared for storm. When it veered to
the north he roared for fair weather. The
story of his captivity was this:
In the beginning the earth was inhab-
ited by mighty giants — cheatcos — who
were man monsters. This spirit was a
cheatco, but in the days when he lived in
that form his race had all but vanished,
and the sight of him filled the minds of
men with terror. When they heard him
passing through the distant forest on a
still day, striking down trees with his
staff made of dead men's bones, they were
like to die of fear. At last a young war-
rior, braver than his fellows, plotted to
free the land from the presence of this
terrible monster. The warrior was aided
in this undertaking by the friendly ele-
ments, and the cheatco was cleverly
lured into a tide stream and carried out
to sea. where he was securely fettered,
but with the privilege of roaming from
north to south and back again along the
coast. And you can hear him to this
day, on a still afternoon, or a breathless
morning, drag his clanking chains
through the heavy surf. It is a sound
that always portends a change in the
weather.
Of the winds themselves, who were
spirits, the Tlah-tsops had many tradi-
tions. The contention of the northwest
wind, the southwest and the east wind,
with their sons and daughters, was a sto
ry told in many chapters, and drawn out
by good story-tellers to a great length.
Of the storms, too, and the clouds, and
the thunder bird whose eye flashed light-
ning, and whose outspread wings dark-
ened the sky, they told countless tales.
They gave minute descriptions of the
nest of the thunder bird on the summit of
Swalla-la-chast and told of its excur-
sions to the sea where it fished for whales.
But the stories of the rocks, those
lonely sentinels along the seashore or
river stretches, now shrouded in mist or
curtained in cloud, or again gilded ana
resplendent in the sunlight, were perhaps
the favorite subjects of all. Each had
its legend. They were said to be human
souls fixed in these rude rock forms in
punishment for some transgression.
A group of rocks off Tillamook Head
were a man and his familv, who had com-
mitted some unpardonable follv and were
turned to stone bv the exasperated pow-
er. A rock off Chinook was a girl who
shamelesslv bathed in the river. There
was a higher power, not highest, but
THE INDIAN "cARABIAN 8NJGHTS."
221
greater than the wind or the water or
the sun, who wrought these transforma-
tions. This power, whose work was hid-
den and who left no trace, they called
the Fox, Tallapus. He was simply a
necessity of thought, but once conceived
he became the main hero of native
mythology; shrewd, cunning, humorous,
often getting himself into difficulty and
working wonders to get himself out
again, but on the whole, just and benev-
olent. Tallapus could not be the high-
est power since, according to Indian
logic, he who found it necessary or ex-
pedient to transform things could not
have made them. The Supreme Being
was to them the god of fire, the builder
of mountains, whose voice shook the
earth to its foundations and whose anger
blazed to heaven.
There is the graceful legend of the
waterfall and the two rocks. The wa-
terfall was a maiden with flowing hair
and the rocks her two lovers. She
would accept neither, but dallied with
both till as a punishment for her co-
quetry she was fixed to the mountain
side, ever fleeing but never getting
away, and the two lovers, one on either
side of the river, were immured in stone;
the one who hoped to win by wiles laid
low in the waves, the one who hoped to
win by bravery raised on high.
In the native Indian mind was ever
the double conception — the thing and
the spirit of the thing. And the thing
is conceived as but the show of the spirit
within. There is much that must be left
untold concerning these people. These
Tlah-tsops of the lower river, but there
is nothing concerning them that is not of
interest. For the children of Celiast,
the daughter of Kobaiway, are honored
citizens and useful members of society
today.
(The end.)
Note. — In the story of Kobaiway's Re-
venge, it should have been the Cascade In-
dians instead of the Cayuses, that were near-
ly annihilated.
Youth.
Youth is like a moonlit gleam
On a stream,
In the darkness it is bright,
And the glitter of its light
Seems a dream;
Seems a dream of happy times,
When the shadows are the mimes,
And the ripples are the rhymes
Of its theme.
III.
Youth is like a star at night,
Ever bright,
And the clouds which may arise,
Never linger in the skies
Of delight;
Never linger with the mimes,
Till the rippling of the rhymes
Beat on shores of after-times,
In their flight.
II.
Youth is like a summer breeze
In the trees,
For it strays among the bowers
And it sips the sweets of flowers
At its ease;
Sips the sweets of summer fair,
And the shapes of light and air
Are companions sweet and rare,
Formed to please.
IV.
Youth is like the rhythm low,
When will flow
Waters from a mountain spring —
Youth is like the birds which sing
All they know;
Birds which warble all the day,
Bidding careless youth to stray
Where the flowers on the way
Ever grow.
Valentine IZrcywn.
A Glance at California's Educational Policy.
<By GEORGE SMELVIN.
IN THE year 1769, in the month of
July, on the bank of the little stream
that is dignified by the title of river,
was founded the mission of San Diego
de Alcala. And this was the beginning
of. education in California. For the old
missions where the Indians were taught
by the gentle Franciscan fathers were
the first schools in the Golden state,
whose institutions of learning now rival
in excellence those of any commonwealth
in the land.
It is a far cry from the simple walls
that sheltered the brown-hued savage to
the magnificence of Stanford, and the
beauty of Berkeley, but it may be ac-
cepted as a proof and a recognition ot
the eternal fitness of things that Stan-
ford's splendid quadrangle retains the
motif of the early mission, and has pre-
served in enduring stone an architectural
type which is, above all others, in har-
mony with the blue, unclouded skies and
sunshine-flooded hills of California.
They were mainly industrial. those first
schools. The Indians were given re-
ligious instruction, it is true, but they
were also taught to plant and sow, to
spin and weave, and, all thinsrs consid-
ered, they were apt pupils. That chapter
of the history of the West reads like a
romance, and can be viewed only through
the golden mists that hallow half-forgot-
ten ideals.
To speak of education in California is
to bring before the mind's eye a vision
of the two great universities that have
given the state a name and a fame dim-
ming the glory of her age of gold. And
yet these are but the natural results of an
educational system that is unrivaled in
its soundness, its thoroughness, and its
spirit of progression.
The first American school was opened
in San Francisco in 1849, following im-
mediately the gold discovery, and was
supported by subscription. In this year,
also, plans were begun for the establish-
ment of the College of California, which
was primarily a school for boys in Oak-
land, but which grew into a recognized
college in i860, and opened its doors
with but four students enrolled. But
from this modest beginning sprang the
University of California, with its mag-
nificent site, its annual income of six
hundred and twenty-five thousand dol-
lars, its fifteen hundred students, and
faculty consisting of a hundred and tsi\* :y
professors. It is a notable fact that Dr.
Martin Kellogg, the former president,
was one of the first professors in the Col-
lege of California.
The best evidence of the vital interest
which the people of the state take in
educational progress is to be found in the
laws which they have made and the ob-
ligations which they have imposed upon
themselves to the end that means shall
never be lacking wherewith to secure
the best in regard to instruction and ap-
pliances.
"The state has a permanent school fund
of $4,000,000, invested in United States,
state, county and city bonds, the inter-
est of which goes into its annual school
fund. Every male citizen between the
ages of twenty-one and sixty years is
required to pay a poll tax of two dollars
for the support of the schools. Five per-
cent, of all collateral inheritances is also
added to the state school fund, and an
ad valorem state school tax, amounting
to seven dollars for each child in the
state over five and under seventeen years
of age is annually levied. . . . This
is supplemented by a county tax of
at least six dollars for each child ol
the school age. City charters provide
for the levying of school taxes in their
respective limits, in addition to the state
and bounty taxes. School districts are
authorized by a vote of the people to
levy additional taxes for school pur-
poses" within a certain limit. All of
which goes to explain why California is
in the van of educational progress, with
her hundred and twelve high schools,
\c4 Glimpse in the Quadrangle, Leland Stanford Jr. University.
her thoroughly equipped normal schools
and her state university.
The broad policy outlined and pur-
sued by the commonwealth has been
generously supplemented by individual
effort and munificence. As witness the
splendid legacy of James Lick in the
California School of Mechanic Arts at
San Francisco, and in the observatory
that crowns the summit of Mount Ham-
ilton; the Throop Institute, of Pasa-
dena; the Cogswell Polytechnic School
at San Francisco, and many others there
and throughout the state, to say nothing
of the vast number of private schools
and colleges that find a liberal patronage.
Whether it be along industrial, pro-
fessional or scientific lines, the schools
of California rank well with those of any
other state in the Union. And the whole
system may be said to culminate in the
magnificent memorial that is the crown-
ing glory of education on the Pacific
slope — the Leland Stanford, Junior, Uni-
versity. Opened in 1891 under the ad-
ministration of Dr. David Starr Jordan,
it has been a powerful stimulus to the
cause of education in California, or, as
Mr. Hoitt has it, "a lifting force to the
educational strength of the state." Stan-
ford University, founded through the
munificence of Leland Stanford, recalls
cA GLANCE cAT CALIFORNIA'S EDUCATIONAL TOLICY.
225
the significant part which the Southern
Pacific Company has taken in the devel-
opment of the state, especially along ed-
ucational lines. The great Leland Stan-
ford University owes its existence today
to the Southern Pacific, and what the
establishment of this university has
meant and will mean to California can
hardly be appreciated by any but those
who have been in touch with the great
strides in educational lines that the state
is making as a direct result of this foun-
dation. We cannot recall any other rail-
road corporation that directly or indi-
rectly has been such a prime factor in
so worthy a cause as the Southern, a
fact which is not appreciated as it should
be in California. Yerily, "A prophet is
not without honor, save in his own coun-
try."
Leland Stanford Jr. University cUie<ws.
What Tortland Lacks.
Perhaps we can say without fear of
contradiction and without seeming to
disparage any of the other cities on this
Coast, that Portland is situated on one of
the most beautiful and favorable spots for
the location of a great city that could
well be conceived. It is at the head of
navigation on the Willamette river, with
a channel to the sea sufficient in depth
for the great graincarriers and battle-
ships which frequent the harbor. It is at
the head of the Willamette valley, one of
the most fertile and prosperous in the
world, where crops never have been
known to fail. It is the distributing
center for hundreds of miles in every di-
rection. It is the real terminus of five
great transcontinental railways. It is
the natural outlet for the great mining
region of Eastern Oregon, and for the
lumber, wool and grain which are mak-
ing the Pacific Northwest famous the
world over. It has every advantage that
a mild and equitable climate can give. As
a place of residence it offers every in-
ducement to the homebuilder. Five
towering and majestic mountains clad
with eternal snow are visible from its
homes the year round. The city's streets
are characterized by their beautiful shade
trees, and the Presbyterian general as-
semblv called Portland "the city of
roses." Commercially or aesthetically
there seems to be nothing: that could be
desired. Yet the fact remains that Port-
land is fast slipping behind in the race
for supremacv which is now on between
the cities of the Coast. There is no use
in closing our eyes to this fact. It is
patent to every observer. What is the
reason and where is the remedy? We
do not have to go very far to find the
reason. Let each one, individually, look
to himself and he will find it there. As
a city we lack civic pride, however much
we may talk it. There is no unanimity
of action — there is plenty of it in feel-
ing. We have the best of intentions in
the world, but very unfortunately that is
as far as we go, so we accomplish noth-
ing. We wait for the other man to do
what we think he should, and we will die
waiting. We preach home industry and
enterprise and all that sort of thing, and
we practice — selfishness. This is a plain
truth which Portland must realize sooner
or later. We say "buy Oregon-made
goods," and straightway purchase those
"made in Germany" or France, or any-
where else, if only a foreign mark is upon
them. But our wool and our fruit and
our cloths, etc., are shipped East and
South and West and North, and are pro-
nounced the best in the world. We say
we believe in ourselves, but do we? We
do not show it by our practices. The
great trouble is, to use an excusable
slang phrase, we do not "pull together."
We say the best things in the world
about encouraging enterprise, but our
attitude, and that is what counts, when
some material assistance is required^ is
that of one who is concerned only with
his own affairs. There can be no civic
advancement under such conditions.
Our sister cities north have none of these
faults. They are far too wise. The
remedy? It suggests itself. Let us not
change our mental attitude — that has al-
ways been satisfactory — but let us make
out attitude a reality. It is a case for in-
dividual effort, not for the Board of
Trade or the Chamber of Commerce or
any other body. Those who have diag-
nosed the case heretofore and have
sought relie"f through organized bodies,
have made a common mistake. Port-
land will never awake from her lethargy
until individuals as individuals realize
this fact and act upon it.
* * *
§Make-cBeUe<ve cArt.
If a city is to have water works or an
electric plant installed, or anv engineer-
ing or mechanical work of a public
nature performed, it is taken for granted
at once by the whole community that a
competent committee will pass upon and
OUR POINT OF VIEW.
227
approve the plans for the work before it
is begun. This is simply a common-
sense, business proposition. A very dif-
ferent condition exists, however, in re-
gard to the additions to a city of an artis-
tic nature. There is no supervision or re-
striction in American cities of any kind
as to what is good or bad from an artistic
point of view. It is true that one or two
of our larger cities have limited the
height of buildings, but it was a practi-
cal, not an artistic, reason which dic-
tated this course, although the restric-
tion is on the side of art. We are per-
mitted to erect any sort of building we
may choose. It may violate every rule
of good taste, every canon of art; it may
be an eye sore for coming generations,
and yet there are none that can say nay
should we choose to do this. Or if we
have a little money and wish to perpetu-
ate our name we can leave a measly
sum for a statue or a drinking fountain,
fashioned by an amateur sculptor, or
worse, to disfigure our streets, make us
ashamed of our city from the true artis-
tic standpoint and corrupt the artistic
conceptions of our growing children —
and if we wish to do so is there any mu-
nicipal art commission that can step_ in
and say, "This must pass our inspection
and approval?" But unless there should
come into existence in the near future
some such committee, how can we pre-
vent such a travesty upon our artistic
decency as that which is proposed in
memory of the heroes of the Second Ore-
gon? Such a monstrosity ought not to
be allowed to apoear even in outline,
much less to disfigure our beautiful
streets. People with inartistic concep-
tions have no moral right at least to in-
flict those conceptions upon the public.
The money spent had far better be
thrown into the river where it can do no
harm. Portland already has an artistic
creation— the Skidmore fountain— of
which anv city might justlv be proud.
This should be our standard. At least,
let us not discredit ourselves from an
artistic standpoint before the world and
posterity.
* * *
War and cMurder.
If one man shoots another down upon
the street and he dies, that is murder. If
a man behind a "Long Tom" or a "Joe
Chamberlain" pulls a trigger that sends
a hundred men in an instant to eternity,
shattering their bodies in the most fright-
ful and horrible manner, that is war. It
a man stabs another in the heart and is
actuated by hatred, that is murder. It a
man stabs another in the back with a
bayonet and is actuated by hatred, that is
war. If a man steals upon another in
the dark of night and clubs him to death,
that is murder. If a hundred or a thou-
sand men steal upon others in the dark
of night and club them to death, that is
war. What is the difference? In one
case we raise our hands in horror. A
trial ensues and often the guilty
party expiates his life at the command of
the great state. It was a crime. In the
other, if we are the aggressors, we shout
for joy. Who can say that we are not
barbarians? Who cannot cry "O Lib-
erty, Liberty, what crimes are commit-
ted in thy name!''
* * *
The Indian.
The Indian's is a character that is &
never-ending source of interest and won-
der. The very sight of him is a mute
and pathetic appeal recalling his heroic
and fruitless struggle against the1 onrush-
ing tide of civilization. His is a sad
and picturesque past, a doomed future.
The struggle which he has so manfully
maintained for 400 years or more is near-
ing the close, and, like his contemporary,
the buffalo, he is gradually passing away.
Here in the Pacific Northwest, where it
is not long since the Indian ruled su-
preme, and where he is still a factor for
government supervision and misrule, we
are not so apt to think of the noble red
man as "a passing shadow" as those are
who are further removed from him. We
are too closelv in touch with his life and
customs; his legends and history are too
nearly ours for us to see him in perspec-
tive, or to feel that, as a rare, he is rap-
idly disappearing as a result of the re-
lentless movement of the "survival of the
fittest." A feeling that we are at a turn-
ing noint where we must either gathe,
together or lose forever valued personal
reminiscences, first-hand accounts of his-
toric or semi-historic characters, legends
and stories, may, in some degree, account
228
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
for the very active interest in the Indian
which is now being manifested in so
many parts of this section, and which this
magazine has, from its inception, care-
fully fostered. A series of articles on
this subject, which the Pacific Monthly
began in September, is brought to a close
in this number. In "The Indian 'Ara-
bian Nights' " Professor Lyman has
given us an unique and valuable contribu-
tion to the literature of the Pacific North-
west, and one that will become more val-
uable as time goes on. The inception
has been original and striking, and we
feel no hesitancy in saying that those
of our readers who have failed to follow
the series have missed the best contribu-
tion to this class of literature that has, as
yet, been made.
* * *
The Modern Miser.
The modern miser, unlike his prede-
cessor, who still exists in the popular
imagination, is a very respectable and
dignified individual. He wears the best
clothes, has a high business standing,
and usually affects society. He is well
pleased with himself and the world, and
his friends, as well as himself, would in-
dignantly resent any imputation that
might connect his name with that of a
miser. Very often, indeed, they would
be the last ones to recognize the true in-
wardness of his nature. But he is a
miser, nevertheless. That he does not
live in a hovel and fondle, his gold signi-
fies nothing. This difference is not es-
sential. That which is essential lies in
the fact that the modern miser is more
cunning, more respectable, more secure
in his miserly ways because .he is better
able to prosecute them undiscovered; he
may for a time even deceive himself and
his family, but sooner or later he must
recognize himself as he is — a wolf in
sheep's clothing. He gives sometimes
to charity, sometimes to perpetuate his
name — but the very fact of his giving,
the manner and spirit in which it is done,
proclaims him a modern miser. He
gives because he is afraid not to do so,
and whatever he does, whether for him-
self or others, is characterized by that
little degree of penuriousness which the
broad-minded, healthv man would de-
spise. He would say — swear that it is
not so — but money is his god and he is
its slave.
'Pessimism.
iivery first move is the foundation of
some nabit. Man is a machine that is
naturally systematic. It is easier to do
a thing a second time, as a rule, than
first. Jrt.epetiiions are human nature, and
whether we will or no from the cradie to
the grave we are constantly making and
breaking habits. Our business and so-
cial life, our pleasures, our modes of
thought are but a string of habits that
characterize us among our fellowmen.
We are optimistic or pessimistic, as &
rule, because we have allowed ourselves
to think along certain lines to the exclu-
sion of others. Pessimism is the result
of introspection systematically applied,
and unhappiness generally has the same
origin. Confinement is a seed of pessi-
mism, and the environment of city life
nurtures it. Habit tends it, and a race
of pessimists is born. If we are to make
the most of ourselves and our work we
must get out of ourselves. We must
have an occasional change of environ-
ment The tendencies of the hum-drum
business world must be buried in the ex-
panse of the country and in the fresh
air that fills our lungs there. Who can
be pessimistic if the unobstructed sky is
above him, and the woods and fields, even
though bleak and bare, are spread out
before him? The country is God's, the
city is man's. We can all say with the
duke in "As You Like It" —
"Hath not old custom made this life more
sweet
Than that of painted pomp? Are not these
woods
More free from peril than the envious court?
Here feel we but the penalty of Adam,
The season's difference; as the icy fang
And churlish chiding of the winter's wind.
Which, when it bites, and blows upon my
body,
Even till I shrink with cold, I smile and say,
This is no flattery; these are the counsellors
That feelingly persuade me what I am.
Sweet are the uses of adversity,
Which, like a toad, ugly and venomous.
Wears yet a precious jewel in his head;
And this our life, exempt from public haunt,
Finds tonsjues in trees, books in running
brooks,
Sermons in stones, and good in everything."
THE GREATEST QUESTION THAT MAN CAN FACE.
(Fifth, and concluding article, in this Series.)
It will be conceded at once by every
thoughtful person that there is no ques-
tion of greater import to the human race
than that which has to do with man, —
. his origin and destiny. Other subjects
may occupy our attention for the mo-
ment. We may even live, fight or die for
them; but to the observing and investi-
gating mind they are, they must be, of
secondary importance to those which we
have suggested. These are not restricted
to the narrow confines of what man may
do or say. Political affairs, wars, educa-
tional or scientific thought are, in com-
parison, but the playthings of a day.
Once settled, they are, in a large degree,
forgotten. It is the present that calls
forth the energies of men. But what will
posterity a hundred years hence care for
the struggles of today? It will have its
own problems to meet, and its present
will cast into a shadow the past and the
future. But the great questions involved
in man's origin and destiny go on for-
ever. A hundred, a thousand years
hence they will be as fresh, as full of sig-
nificance, as inspiring, as great, as they
are today, or as great as they were when,
in the mysterious past, the intellect of
man was first staggered by a dawning
consciousness of his responsibility to
himself and the world of mankind, and
he was oppressed by what was to him an
unanswerable, an unknowable problem —
the sphinx of human existence. What a
marvelous thing- it must have been for
him! What a marvelous thiner it is for
us, when thousands of years have added
to the store of knowledge, anrl vet the
question is still as great, as inspiring!
* * *
To sav that man snranp- from a mon-
key and that all is over with him p<t d^ath
is as foolish as it is unsatisfactorv. It is
no answer — wo^se than none. And yet
this is the wav some men would answer
it. Conceive such an answer being given
to the man whose brain was first puzzled
and perplexed over the tremendous im-
port of his own existence. Conceive him
standing, in those bleak old times, with
his face to the heavens in question and
his arms extended — the picture of per-
plexity and almost despair. Conceive a
nineteenth century Darwinism-theoried
agnostic saying to him: "Man, you
sprang from a monkey. You are alive
to strup-p-le and faint. You are doomed
to trials, disappointments, failure. Then
death, and you are done with." What
then? Would he have cowered like a
whipped cur and fallen in agony of
thought at his miserable punishment in
being brought into existence and the far
more miserable prospect? It is not con-
ceivable. The divine in man would have
asserted itself, and, as though inspired, he
would have risen to his height and shout-
ed: "Thou liest! Man is an immortal be-
ing. There is that within me far beyond
the power of mere words to name or ex-
plain that tells me. and I know thou
liest!"
* * *
The great and tremendous fact of im-
mortality, however, is not denied today
by the healthy, enlightened mind. There
are, it is true, some few diseased pessim-
ists who vurv'M no^e as reiect'lnsr it, but
we do not believe that it is possible! — con-
ceivable— for an intelligent man on his
deathbed to assert. ?nd truly believe in
his inner consciousness, that there is no
life for him after the orave. When that
great test comes, the mind reverts to na-
ture and Ck><*. PPf\ both proclaim in the
most unmistakable terms that man is im-
mortal. No man who believes in his own
existence and the existence of the world
around him. whose observation has ex-
tended to the laws of nature pnd who is
in touch with the testimonv of the world
230
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
from the beginning can consistently
doubt this. The belief in immortality is
inherent in the human race. No nation,
no tribe, however uncivilized, savage or
ignorant, has been without some form or
shade of it — none but has put its hope in
it. Without immortality man, the ani-
mals, this world, nay, the very universe
itself, would be in vain, and man's strug-
gles and hope a delusion and mockery,
his existence a crime against reason and
every law of justice. Without immortal-
ity— what a terrible, what an awful thing
to contemplate! — the problem of life
would be solved — in suicide. But we are
as certain as it is possible for us to be
certain of anything that immortality is a
fact, and it is the greatest fact with which
man can deal.
* * *
The question of the origin of man,
then, is not of paramount importance.
We are on this earth, a living fact. Where
are we to go? What is our destiny? What
are we here for? — these are the great and
paramount questions which each man in
the life that is given him must decide for
himself. But men live as if they did not
realize this fact, as if the present were of
more consequence than an indefinite but
eternal future, and it was this phase of
the subject that we formerly attempted to
emphasize. Men are the creatures of a
day — of an hour. They fail to realize the
importance of this great and inclusive
question, "What are we here for?" until
the years have passed over their heads
and their hairs are gray, or some sorrow
or disappointment brings them to a halt,
and the purpose of our existence on this
earth is made clear. Then it is not a
question of eating, drinking and being
merry. Then life is dear possession —
something in which each one of us has a
part to do for himself and the world.
Then the connection between our living
and the eternal future is life itself, and
we no longer see as through a glass dark-
ly. We may fight shy of the question
now; we may live a life of recklessness
and unconcern; we may lie to ourselves
and deny God and immortality, or we
may, as thousands, millions, do, wait for
a more convenient season, but we are
sure to meet the question face to face
some day. It is only a matter of time.
There is, there must be, one correct an-
swer, and only one, to this all-important
and inclusive question. Either we are
here for a distinct purpose, or we are not.
Either we are the creatures of an all-wise
Creator, or we are not. Either there has
been a distinct plan for the existence,
present and future, of man, or there has
not. There is no middle ground. That we
are here for a distinct purpose which has
a direct bearing on our future life; that we
are the creatures of an all-wise Creator
who has a great and tremendous plan
which men and nations are working out
is the only reasonable and sober, conclu-
sion based upon history, geology, philos-
ophy and divine revelation that the broad
and healthy-minded man can reach.
The Minister.
Vision.
Winged with desire for worlds unknown, my
soul
Absorbed itself beyond itself, and free,
Floating in pure white flame, I thought to
see
The immaterial vision of life's whole;
To find the sealed invisible unroll
And grasp the flying form of Mystery.
But lo, near earth-born voices came to me,
Fraught with our common happiness and
dole.
I felt a little child's glad love of life;
I wept with women in the house of death,
Worshipped with sinners at the Virgin's
shrine.
Within all joy, within all pangs of strife,
I touched the silent spirit's quivering breath,
A.nd in the human found the light divine.
Katherine Coolidge in the Atlantic Monthly.
CO-OPERATIVE HOUSEKEEPING.
There is no sufficient reason why it
might not be made a successful experi-
ment, at least. Thus far the main trouble
has lain in the fact that the right people
have not gotten together for the purpose,
or they have been lacking in the earnest-
ness of their desire to make a thoroughly
practical test of the matter of co-opera-
tive housekeeping.
If it is possible in part, it is certainly
practicable as a whole, even down to the
minutest detail. Every one who has tried
it knows how much lighter the burden
of housekeeping is in a well-appointed
fiat than in a house, no matter how many
conveniences the latter may contain.
And life in a flat is in a sense co-operative
housekeeping, for you are supplied with
heat, light, water and janitor's services
ait a merely nominal charge included in
the rent — about one-tenth the amount it
would cost you if you were compelled to
supply yourself — and you escape the
worry, the responsibility and loss of time
that are necessary consequences of the
effort.
The next step in the movement would
be to abolish the kitchen from the flat
and establish a co-operative culinary de-
partment in the basement, or, better still,
on the top floor, from which all tenants
could be served as desired, at less ex-
pense and far more satisfactorily than
they could serve themselves.
But this is not the sort of co-operation
that I have in mind. My idea is much
simpler, and yet perhaps more difficult,
because it is not alwavs as easy as it
seems to bring together families of
similar tastes and inclinations and
prevail upon them to try an exper-
iment which people of the right
sort naturally shrink from. To lessen
the friction of life, the cost of liv-
ing, the wear and tear upon the nerv-
ous system and to increase the comfort,
the pleasure and the leisure for intellect-
ual enjoyment. This I hold to be the end
and aim of co-operative housekeeping.
It is not necessary to go into detail con-
cerning the expense of maintaining even
the most modest establishment, and the
expense in dollars and cents to busy peo-
ple is the least of the cost. The thing
which I wish to impress upon you is this:
If two or three or a dozen families could
sufficiently harmonize their different
modes of life to provide themselves with
a common roof-tree, kitchen, laundry,
domestic service, gardener, stables, etc.,
they could materially diminish the cares
and increase the joys of human existence.
That the tendency of the age is toward
co-operation in all things is too apparent
to call for remark. And it is particularly
manifested along this line of domestic
economy in the multiplication of clubs — >
for women as well as for men, where one
may secure the comforts and privacy of
home-life at a merely nominal cost.
Meantime Helen Campbell is right when
she says that the only reason that co-op-
erative housekeeping has not succeeded
as a domestic experiment on a small scale
is because people are not as yet really
convinced of its advantages and are
afraid to really make an earnest trial of it.
In short, man is still too suspicious of
his neighbor to love him in the Scriptural
fashion. But human nature is improving
every day. The light of that star that
illumined the world two thousand years
since glows with an ever-strengthening
radiance, and the evolution of the perfect
man is going forward in spite of war and
famine and greed for gold.
G. M.
PRIMITIVE LOVE AND LOVE STORIES.
By Henry T. Finck.
Chas. Scnbner's Sons, N. Y.
When Professor P'inck writes on any
topic we are always sure of his being
interesting. Music, travel, nature, art
or peoples are fascinating subjects in
his hands, and this latest, which might
be termed "the evolution of true love,"
is even more than usually entertaining,
for it is a history and an analysis of the
foundation of religion and human con-
duct. The author has spent 12 years on
this work, which comprises a volume of
850 pages, 15 of which are taken up by
a copious bibliography. The interest
never lags, however, as the writer Leads
the reader on through the development
of love in the barbarous ages to its high-
est development into altruistic affection.
Necessarily the subject at times com-
pels frank speech, but it is always treat-
ed respectfully and delicately, and his
manner could be imitated to advantage
by some of the problem-story writers.
The author describes the ingredients
of love as Individual Preference, Mon-
opolism, Coyness, Jealousy, Mixed
Moods of Hope and Despair, Hyper-
bole, Adoration, Purity, Pride, Admira-
tion of Personal Beauty, Gallantry, Self-
Sacrifice, Sympathy and Affection. Of
these, seven are egoistic and seven are
altruistic. The egoistic include Individ-
ual Preference, Monopolism, Jealousy,
Coyness, Hyperbole, Mixed Moods and
Pride, while the essential characteristics
of the altruistic side of romantic love
are Sympathy, Affection, Gallantry,
Self-Sacrifice, Adoration. Purity and
Admiration of Personal Beauty. Lack
of space prevents my making extended
quotations, but his definkion of "Ro-
mantic Love" is admirably expressed in
his description of the feelings of the
lover toward the object of his affections:
"Toward such a superior being the
only proper attitude is adoration. She
is spotless as an angel, and his feelings
toward her are as pure, as trte trom
coarseness as u she were a goddess,
now royally prouci a man mustf ieel at
ine thought 01 being preferred above ah
mortals uy this divine Demg! in per-
sonal beauty had she ever a peer? Since
Venus leic tins planet lias sucn grace
been seen? In lace ot her, the strong-
est of impulses — selfishness — is annihi-
lated, 'lhe lover is no longer "number
one" to himself; his own pleasure and
comforts are ignored in the eager desire
to please her, to show her gallant atten-
tions. To save her from disaster or
grief he is ready to sacrifice his life. His
cordial sympathy makes him share all
her joys and sorrows, and his affection
for her, though he may have known her
only a few days — nay, a few minutes — is
as strong and devoted as that of a moth-
er for the child that is her own flesh and
blood."
The universal regard for personal
beauty Professor Finck considers a nat-
ural safeguard, as beauty is the expres-
sion of health, and the welfare of poster-
ity should be considered above all
things, and that a strong sentiment
should be fostered against marriages for
convenience where there is a liability of
other than healthy offspring. The tone
of the book is hopeful, and we are near-
ing the period, in the author's estima-
tion, when public opinion will demand
that marriage be based upon love. The
reactionary wave, with its mannish
women and effeminate men, will have
spent its force, and the eominp- tide of
enlightened and altruistic love will carry
the bark of matrimony into the peace-
ful haven of perfect- happiness.
* * ?*
THE CARPETBAGGER.
Bv ODie Rear! and Frank Pixley.
Laird & Lee, Chicago.
One of our most competent critics has
said of Opie Read, "he just missed being
great." In "The Carpetbagger" he is at
his best, and there is a refinement and
"BOOKS.
233
delicacy not found in his other works.
tiow much this is due to collaboration
one cannot say, but his admirers will ear-
nestly nope tnat it is growtn ana ucveiop*
nient. ine story is 01 the reconstruction
days just following tne Livil War, and is
full of action ana exciting events, The
hero, Melville Crance, is appointed Gov-
ernor of Mississippi, and is ostracised so*
cially and hated cordially, not so much
for his politics as for the fact that he is an
"alien," and cannot, of course, have any
abiding interest in the affairs of the state.
How much they are in error in their
premises is brought out strongly as the
story develops. The Governor is, of
course, the central figure all through, but
all the characters are very much alive and
a part of the romance. Mrs. Fairburn,
the Southern widow, is a noble woman,
and is directly responsible for the regen-
eration of the "carpetbagger." Lucy
Linford, the attractive schoolbook lobby-
ist, is a type met with everywhere, and
Willetts, the political "worker," might
find his prototype not a thousand miles
from Portland. It would be unfair to the
reader to tell how the reformation of the
Governor was brought about, but his
own words will give an inkling: "The
rose will blossom in the heart of Sahara
desert, but it has got to be watered."
The book is bright with epigrams and
bits of laconic wisdom, of which these
are fair samples: "Some men, getting
along in life, are never so happy as when
a woman is making a fool of them";
"There is no hope in a community where
work is not respected"; "If the majority
alwavs ruled, the mosquitoes would gov-
ern New Jersey."
The book is Ranted from the success-
[ ml plav called "The Carpetbae-ger," and
is embellished with nhotogravures of
\ well-known people in the dramatic world.
after the manner of illustrating intro-
duced by the French publishers.
BY THE MARSHES OF MINAS.
By Charles G. D. Roberts,
bilver, Burdett & Co., Boston.
The scene of the twelve stories of this
volume is laid in Acadia, that land of ro-
mantic associations and poetic remem-
brances. The very name brings to mind
the long sweeps of fertile valley dotted
with orchards fragrant with bloom, the
pastoral simplicity of the people, and its
blue-eyed, red-cheeked maidens.
Professor Roberts has here written of
the stirring times when the French and
English were engaged in their fierce
struggle for supremacy in the peninsula
now called Nova Scotia. In several of
the tales Father La Garno, the Black
Abbe, that cruel, relentless and implaca-
ble enemy of the English, is one of the
chief characters, and is drawn with great
skill.
The author is an admirable story-teller,
and never spoils the effect by overdoing
it. His heroines are fascinating creations
and it excites no surprise to read of the
heroic devotion of their admirers. There
is a wholesome freshness in these
sketches that will be appreciated by a
long-suffering public, which has been
nauseated bv the unhealthful pessimism
of the last decade. It strikes one like an
ozone-laden sea breeze, bearing life and
vigor on its wings.
Of these stories, "The Rampart of Port
Royal," "The Bewitchment nf Lieuten-
ant Hanworthv" and "The Blue Dwarf
of Belle Mare" are perhaps the most in-
teresting-, bur there is toe same master
hand shown in them all. and one rep-rets
lea vino- fbe book when the last pap-e is
turned.
The Mandolin She Played.
The cherry blooms were filling
With fragrance sweet the air;
The meadow lark was trilling ■
His challenge to life's care;
When at her dear feet lying
Beneath the maples' shade,
I heard her young heart sighing'
From the mandolin she played.
Tonight the winds are calling,
Like fiends they shriek and rave,
Drifting the snow that's falling
Upon her little grave. ■
My life is cold and lonely,
For, ah! I saw her fade,
'Till 'there was left me only
The mandolin she played^ '
cAddnen.
THE REPUBLICAN OUTLOOK.
By HON. T. T. GEER, Governor of Oregon.
There is not necessarily any partisan-
ship in the statement that the Republican
party never entered a campaign with
brighter prospects for success than those
surrounding it at present. This state-
ment is devoid of party prejudice for the
reason that conservative leaders of the
Democratic party tacitly admit the fact
themselves. It has been scarcely more
than a month since Mr. Bourke Cockran
and Senator Jones each made a public
statement to the effect that he was not
sure what particular objections their
party would urge in opposition to the
Republicans this year, but that the people
might rest assured when the proper time
comes, objections would be invented or
discovered, or both!
The fact is, as seen by everybody
whose vision is not warped by party
blindness or studied perverseness, that
every prophecy made by the opposition
to the Republican party in 1896 has fallen
absolutely and conspicuously unfulfilled.
There were two great questions involved
in that campaign, the menace that threat-
ened the very liberties of the people, in a
further continuation of the accursed gold
standard, and the "downfall of the Re-
public," which was soon to be realized
through "government by injunction."
Certainly no commentator on the oresent
outlook for the prospects of the Repub-
lican party can be justly charged with
unfairness, if he refers to these two bug-
bears of two vears ago. It would be im-
possible to forget the prophecies of dire
calamitv wJhich would overtake the coun-
try in the event of Republican success,
even if one were so disposed. It requires
no gifted memory to recall the famous
speeches of Mr. Bryan as he swept across
the prairies of the Mississippi Valley,
warning an unsuspecting people from the
rear platform of a railway train that a
doom more awful than anything known
since the days of Sodom and Gomorrah
was awaiting them unless they threw off
their apathy, and, with a final, struggling
effort to free themselves from the insid-
ious encroachments of the deadly Octo-
pus, demanded the free and unlimited
coinage of silver, without waiting for the
consent of any other nation on earth !
Of course, no Democratic or Populist
bi other can have any objection whatever
to recalling these dire forebodings, for he
not only shared them, but gave volumi-
nous and forceful expression to them on
every occasion that furnished the slight-
est opportunity. Four years ago, at this
time, if three men were gathered together
on a street corner, one might safely as-
sume that two of them were silver men,
explaining with loud tones and fierce, ve-
hement gestures to some timid, uncertain
Republican that the low prices then pre-
vailing for everything, the excessively
large number of workingmen who
were out of employment and the
distressingly low wages allowed those
who were employed, was all due to
a contracting currency, resulting di-
rectly from the "crime of '73," which
"struck down one-half the money of
the country," etc. How familiar these
expressions seem after being tenderly en-
tombed for a season of rest! In this con-
nection, cne is prone to pause, and with
listening attitude, harken for the admon-
ishing voice of the silver orator as he
threatens to prove to a suffering people
that "wheat and silver go together" by
the exhibition of a chart, that, no matter
where the speaker might land, could nev-
er be mistaken.
But he is not to be heard. Surely the
student of the times is not to be criticised
if he ventures to observe that the silver
orator is not to be heard with his wheat
QUESTIONS OF THE "DAY.
235
chart. Nor that he is resting from his
labors in a field of contracted currency.
Nor that Colonel Bryan, in his incessant
round of perambulating oratory, has
made no mention of a discredited and
disabled wheat chart, nor that he has not,
for more than a year, singled out for spe-
cial castigation 1,hat bedeviled emissary
o.f the English goldbugs, who came over
here in 1872, and, with $100,000, corrupt-
ed Congress into "striking down one-
half the money of the country." And yet,
wheat is as low now as it was then. Why
this abandonment of the cause of the peo-
ple? The Colonel's silver voice was never
more eloquent than now, nor, seemingly,
more unreluctantly disposed to notify,
with volatile phrase, an indifferent people
of an approaching destruction of their
governmental fabric.
The fact is resurrected echoes from the
campaign of '96 stretch across a field of
experience that has exposed to the public
gaze a state of flagrant dissension in the
domestic coalition which wheat and silver
are said to have entered into in 1873, and
which has become dissevered and dis-
cordant, if not belligerent. It is not go-
ing too far to say that his infidelity has-
several times reached that degree of
abandoned recklessness where silver act-
ually went up, leaving wheat to continue
its downward course, unwept and nn-
helped. Of course, this easily accounts
for the desertion of the "cause" by the
erstwhile Democratic and Populist
brother, but it does not account for the
faith — if such faith exists — which any
one may have in the dark disasters these
discredited prophets again profess to see
in the clouded horizon, by means of a
distorted fancy.
It is, indeed, a mark of patriotism to
see an active solicitude for the welfare of
the country and to be ready to ward off
the approach of impending danger, but
when a party professes to see disaster of
the worst form in a certain line of policy,
and a trial of that policy proves its fears
to have been utterly without foundation,
and especially when this experience has
been repeated over and over again with
the same result, the people begin to ac-
cept the new quadriennial batch of alarms
with a degree of skepticism not to be
wondered at. There could be no greater
dangers threatening our institutions and
the welfare of our people than those so
repeatedly and even eloquently depicted
by Colonel Bryan four years ago, and
they were evidently believed by hundreds
of thousands of people. The writer heard
him declare, at Salt Lake, in July, 1897,
to a large assembly, that the "gold stand-
ard was laying waste more acres of land
in the United States every year than was.
the Spanish army in Cuba.'' And he de-
clared that the "gold standard is causing
the death of more people in the United
States every year than is the Spanish
army in Cuba." When he made the first
statement he was unable to say another
word for several minutes by reason of
the wild and' tumultuous applause and
throwing of hats in the air by which it
was greeted. And the same hysterical
reception was given the other statement
by the excited multitude, who really
seemed to believe it and to get actual
comfort from the satisfaction it appeared
to afford. ,
The utter recklessness of these state-
ments should have been apparent at the
time to every thoughtful person, and it
is tacitly admitted now by Mr. Bryan
himself, as he goes up and down the
country in the pursuit of his profession
and says practically nothing about the
destructive agency of the gold standard.
He sees dangers in other directions now,
and although wheat is as low as in '96,
and needs the same legislative nurture, it
gets no word of encouragement from the
Colonel, and his wheat chart and the
crime of '73 form no part of his campaign
vocabulary.
Mr. Bryan sees no greater dangers
now than he did four years ago — indeed,
there could be no greater ones than those
which disturbed his slumbers then, and,
since they failed to materialize at all, the
results of his prophetic vision will be ac-
cepted with pven less seriousness than
then. At that time factories were not in
operation and appeals were made to
workingmen to vote for free coinage as
the only means of restoring a condition
where employment could be reasonably
expected. Prices were too low. They
were low everywhere because one-half of
the money of the country had been struck
down and there was not money enough
236
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY,
to do the business of the country. It re-
quired a thousand dollars in money to do
a thousand dollars' worth of business.
The "quantitative theory of money" was
all right. We wanted high prices.
Now we have high prices for practical-
ly everything in the United States, ex-
cepting only wheat and hops, and our
brothers of the opposition are not asking
any legislative help for them, as they
were four years ago. Nothing is being
said about the "quantitative theory" of
money, and since the business of the
country is now larger by far than ever
before, and is so admitted by them, and
since the business is actually being done,
there is no cry anywhere any more that
"there is not money enough to do the
business of the country."
Now that low prices have disappeared
and workingmen are everywhere em-
ployed at increasing wages, high prices
are' steadily denounced as an industrial
outrage, the product of the trusts that
have been created by a high tariff and
threatening to enslave the masses, etc.
Four years ago the country was on the
borderland of ruin because of the preva-
lence of low prices. Salvation would only
come through high prices, which never
could be realized except through the free
coinage of silver. Now that high prices
have come through other means, they
are a curse of untold magnitude.
The sincerity of our brothers would be
more nearly proven if they would, this
year, continue their gallant fight for
wheat in the present despondent condi-
tion of the market. The price of every-
thing else is beyond the need of any spe-
cial assistance, which affords an addi-
tional reason why its heartless desertion
by its spectacular champions of four
years ago is actually cruel.
There are so few exceptions to the
reasonably prosperous condition of the
country, either as to products or local-
ities, that the continued supremacy of the
Republican party cannot be well doubt-
ed. There is another reason for this belief
that surpasses the fact mentioned. It is
positively right on most of the great
questions that concern the people and
their interests. This is not to say that it
does not make mistakes. Blind devotion
to party is not an evidence of either pat-
riotism or good judgment. The writer is
decidedly of the opinion that it is now
making a mistake on the Puerto Rico
question, from which it will be compelled
to recede, but there is a line of policy on
the great national questions that the peo-
ple have uniformly indorsed since the
Government was organized. The Repub-
lican party today occupies practically the
same ground on the two leading ques-
tions before the country that the Demo-
cratic party always held prior to the ad-
vent of Bryanism and Populism. Refer-
ence is had to expansion and sound
money.
The fact is, until the question of slav-
ery became the paramount one before
the country, the position of the Demo-
cratic party was generally in harmony
with the best interests of the country. It
went wrong on that question, and hun-
dreds of thousands of men who are Re-
publicans today became so only because
of its mistake on that issue. The eman-
cipation proclamation eliminated the
slavery question from national politics,
yet the Democratic party has never been
able to get back to its former sound posi-
tion on other issues, but, instead, has
been courting with unsound finance, at
intervals, until tour years ago it had so
far departed fron* the faith of its founders
that its Presidential candidate was per-
fectly satisfactory to the most ultra fiatists
the country afforded .
In February, 1842, Thomas H. Ben-
ton, who was one of the most eminent
and conspicuous Democrats the country
ever had, made an elaborate speech in
the United States Senate, in which oc-
curred this paragraph :
"IT there were a thousand constitutional
provisions in favor of paper money, I should
still be against it — against the thing itself per
se, and propter se — on account of its intense
baseness and vice. But the constitution is
agaiust it — clearly so upon its face, upon its
history, upon its early practice and upon its
uniform interpretation. The universal ex-
pression at the time of its adoption was that
the new government was a hard money gov-
ernment, made by hard money men, and that
it was to save the country from the curse of
the paper money. All the early actions of the
government conformed to this idea — all its
early legislation was as true to hard money as
the needle to the pole."
QUESTIONS OF THE "DAY.
237
And while the country had at all times
had paper substitutes for money — prom-
ises to pay money when due — the idea of
absolute fiat money, the material of
which it is made being wholly immaterial,
depending for its sole value upon the
stamp of the Government, never found
expression in the mind of any Democrat
whose utterances were recorded in the
history of the country before the war.
And yet Mr. Bryan, who holds the Dem-
ocratic party of today in the hollow 01
his hand, is the idol of the Poprilist, as
well, and is accepted by the members of
that party as a satisfactory exponent o'
its fiat notions of money. A comparison
of the "Omaha platform." who-s? r •
dorsers enthusiastically support^ th"
last Democratic candidate for Pre-'
with the above quotation from Ootonel
Benton's ideas on the money o^osHon,
will show where the Democratic party
has drifted, and furnishes one reason whv
the Republican outlook at this time is
conspicuously bright.
The Republican partv of todav not
only occupies the same position on the
money question the Democratic party
did for forty vears before the war, but its
expansion policv is identical with that of
the same party during its entire history.
The fact is, the expansion of our national
domain has always been extremelv popu-
lar and has always been favored by the
party that haonened to be in power when
the opuortunitv for acouiring additional
territorv has offered itself. Exnansion
has always served as a bugbear to be
used by those out of power, at the time, to
predict the most awful consequences to
the Government and to our "liberties."
For instance, when the treaty for the
pnrcha^ of the Louisiana country was
before Congress, in October, 1803, Mr.
Griswold. of Connecticut, said:
"In my judgment it would be a happy thing
for this country if our boundaries were con-
fined to New Orleans and the Floridas. The
vast and unmanageable extent to which the
accession of Louisiana will give the United
States, the consequent dispersion of our pop-
ulation and '.he destruction to that balance
which it is so important to maintain between
the Eastern and Western states, threatens, at
no distant day. the subversion of the Union."
That was nearly a full hundred vears
ago, and the Union has not been "sub-
verted" yet, although no doubt Mr. Gris-
wold had the same painful solicitude for
the welfare of the country that disturbs
Mr. Bryan today. There has always been
a proline and noisy crop of alarmists who
have seen destructive agencies at work
at the root of our liberties, but in despite
of their prophecies, our Government is
now the strongest in the world — the
strongest the world has ever known— and
our people are the freest and most pros-
perous. The time is rapidly approaching
when, as the result of a protective tariff,
we shall furnish all the countries of the
world with foodstuffs, clothing and every
species of manufactured goods. Indeed,
that time is now here, and its coming is
accompanied with the probable ability to
contribute to the peace of mind of our
Democratic brothers, by materially re-
ducing, in the near future, our tariff du-
ties in many directions — but just what
injury can be worked by a tariff, no mat-
ter how high, on the importation of an
article which we are all the time import-
ing, is not easily to be understood.
The condition of the country may not
be, indeed, is not, in all particulars, what
we would have it, if details were left to us,
but we have, within the last decade, seen
it so much worse, that thoughtful men
will be slow to seriously criticise. Our
bonds have always been paid in gold, but
the average Republican Congressman
has heretofore been so timid about
publicly pronouncing the word "gold"
that he would not support a law
distinctly saying they would be so paid.
He was afraid to vote for a law providing
for doing the thing that he was in favor
of, and was really doing. He was timid.
That is all passed now. We have the gold
standard established, and the opposition,
in looking around for their quadrennial
specter, have selected the trusts as a
probable nightmare that will answer their
purpose. The formation of trusts may
yet be a question of sufficient importance
to justify serious legislative interference,
but up to this time their nrobable injury
to the public interests has been largely
exaggerated for political purposes. The
average citizen, who is 'the representative
of the "plain people," easily remembers
that five years ago we had no trusts, and
238
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
very little else, and that while we now
have a great array of them, we also have
the greatest business activity in all lines
ever before known, with workingmen
employed evervwhere, very few failures
in any kind of business and prices for
most every product of the country more
satisfactory than for some previous years
— although people have learned that
prices are not always affected by legisla*
tion.
Under these circumstances, it is not at
all probable that the Renublican party
will be displaced at the coming election.
The Idler.
uThe poor little Japs," writes Genevra
Ingersoll of the Mikado's royal dramatic
company, "are having a sorry time of it
in our harsh climate. Kawakami has had
an operation for appendicitis. Just im-
agine the gentle :m.ocent cruelly carved
by scientific vandals! I warrant it is a
new experience for his race, and it ap-
peals to me as being a barbarous outrage
perpetrated upon the unsuspecting heath-
en. But Kawakami is not alone in his
misfortune. At least half of this very ex-
cellent troupe are in the hospital. I think
the principal cause of the trouble lies in
our food, which they order and eat with-
out knowledge or discretion."
M. Ysaye, not unknown to Portland
music-lovers, is at present in London,
where he is winning both fame and for-
tune and where he is looked upon as the
probable successor of Joachim should
that master see fit to retire, as he hints,
from active public life.
After all is said and done, the happiest
of us are bound to feel the lack of appre-
ciation for the best there is in us. And
the warmest praise of our dearest friends
and closest relatives frequently leaves us
disappointed and discouraged, not be-
cause it lacks warmth or sincerity, but
because it is bestowed upon that in our
lives which lies too near the surface, and
so forces us to feel that our best efforts
and our best motives are to them, and to
the world, a sealed book. And then, if
we are weak (which, being interpreted,
means if we are human), we will pause
for a discouraged moment and ask
whether, after all, it is worth while to
stand for the best and highest that has
been given us to see.
St. Martin.
Note. — In 1884 I made a tour of Europe.
At Avignon I was much impressed by a
painting which I saw in a private gallery at
that place. It was of singular excellence, by
some old but unknown artist. It was termed
"The Temptation of St. Martin." The painter
represented the saint in his cell, clothed in the
garb of a monk, with his cowl thrown back,
kneeling on one knee, his countenance ex
pressing doubt and fear. In front of him, with
upraised hand, stands a majestic figure of
commanding but evil aspect, clothed in a scar-
let robe and bare-footed; A reddish light
seems to emanate from the standing figure
and lights up with its glow the face of the
kneeling saint. A life of St. Martin of Tours
placed me in possession of the incident de-
picted by the painter. This incident I have
attempted to tell in the enclosed sonnet.
Respectfully,
J. W. Whitley.
Whilst good St. Martin prayed within his cell,
A form appeared as though 'twere heaven-
born,
Of presence noble — brighter than the morn.
And claimed his worship with alluring spell;
St. Martin, doubting, scanned the presence
well,
And said: "Thy brow doth wear no crown of
thorn.
No nail Thy hands or feet hath pierced or
torn,
No trace of suff'ring on Thy face doth dwell."
Then, bending down his eyes, from next his
heart
He drew a crucifix, and rev'rent said:
"In suff'ring Thou through suff'ring dost
impart
The knowledge of Thyself to him whose
tread
Is in Thy footsteps"— then he raised his head,
And lo! the evil vision far had fled.
In Politics —
The world is having a great deal to
think about just now, and history is be-
ing made at a rapid rate. In America we
have our approaching national campaign,
the war in the Philippines, the Nicaragua
canal bill, the Hay-Pauncefote treaty, the
Puerto Rican tariff question, the Ken-
tucky imbroglio, the Alaska boundary,
the treaty with France and numerous
commercial and economical questions
which are now under consideration and
which must be settled this year.
* * *
England has her war in South Africa,
which has made every other subject for
the time being of secondary importance
The fear of complications, however, has
brought about the mobilization of a large
fleet, and the futility of striking a success-
ful blow against England is apparent to
all Europe. France is, nevertheless, un-
usually outspoken in her hatred of Eng-
land, and there are many who consider
a war between the two nations as among
the possibilities of the near future. The
sentiment in France towards England is
shared by unofficial Germany to such an
extent that there is now a common bond
between the nations that have been sworn
enemies for the last thirty years. It has
been rumored that England had ar-
ranged for a new triple alliance — between
the United States, England and Ger-
many. Lord Rosebery, however, threw
considerable light on the subject in his
statement in the House of Lords on Feb-
ruary 15, viz.: That the British Govern*
ment "made vigorous overtures to two
great powers — Germany and the United
States — for an alliance, but these over-
tures were not received with such cor-
diality as to encourage the government
to pursue them."
* * *
A conflict between Russia and Japan,
judging by present conditions, is only a
question of time. Russia is anxious, how-
ever, to defer this until the completion
of the Siberian Railroad, a fact which the
astute politicians of Japan are not slow
to recognize. It is rumored that, as a
result, Japanese soldiers are reorganizing
the Chinese army, and that a close al-
liance exists between the two nations.
* * *
The Puerto Rican tariff bill has been
the source of considerable uneasiness
among politicians. The dispatches say:
"There never was such a muddle in con-
gress in many years as has occurred from this
Puerto Rican bill, nor has any action ever
been taken by the party which has raised such
a storm of opposition through the country,
and threatened the success of the party in the
presidential and congressional elections."
* * *
In Science —
The Automobile Street Sweeping
Company, recently incorporated in Bos-
ton with a capital of $3,000,000, marks
the beginning of a new order of things
in that particular department of munici-
pal affairs.
* * *
That electric railway motors will, in the
near future, take the place of steam be-
comes more patent every day. There is
now scarcely a city of any consequence
in the Union that has not made practical
demonstration of the utility of electricity
versus steam as a means of transporta-
tion.
* * *
Athens now has a corporation known
as the Greek Electrical Company, which
exists for the purpose of lighting its own
and the classic shades of Piraeus, Patras,
Syra and Kalamata. The canital stock is
$600,000, and shares selling at par.
* * *
Dr. Julius Athans has, he claims, dis-
covered "a practical, scientific method ol
postponing Old age." It is by the simple
application of electricity to the base of
the brain.
In Literature —
John Huneker has written a book on
Chopin, the title of which is "The Man
240
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
and His Music." Charles Scribner's
Sons are to be the publishers. One fea-
ture of the work is an appreciative study
of the man as a "psychologist."
It is announced that Bret Harte will
publish a second series of "Condensed
Novels," and naturally everybody wants
to know what authors are to suffer this
time.
* * *
McClurg is soon to publish the "Pri-
vate Memoirs of Madame Roland."
* * *
"In the Palace of the King" is the title
of a new novel by Marion Crawford
which will be brought out by Macmillan
later in the year. It is a "Love Story oi
Old Madrid," and will probably be dra-
matized at about the same time that the
book appears.
* * *
Longmans, Green & Company have in
preparation a valuable work by Dr,
James MacKinnon. It is to be called the
"History of Edward III," and deals with
the Hundred Years' War. showing the
part that England played therein.
* * *
The first serious book on the war in
South Africa makes its appearance this
month, and is written by a man who has
been there since before the trouble be-
gan. He is Mr. J. A. Ho'bson, South
African correspondent of the Manchester
Guardian.
* * *
The reorganization of the house of
Harper under the old name, but with no
Harper therewith connected, seems al-
most tragic. Colonel Harvey, who is re-
ceiver for the bankrupt corporation, is to
have entire management of the new or-
ganization.
* * *
Of the six books crowned by the Lon-
don Academy this year, Mr. William L.
Alden seems not to have the highest
opinion. He thinks that the books un-
honored are the greatest, and one is led
to wonder how the Academy could have
so blundered. For. of course, Mr. Alden
must know which is best. It seems too
bad he was not consulted in the matter.
* * *
Ernest Seton-Thompson's story of the
"Kangaroo Rat" is to come out in the
April Scribner's, and will be illustrated,
as all his stories are, by his own hand.
V * ¥
There is an interesting divergence of
opinion regarding the respective merits
of "Janice Meredith," "Hugh Wynne"
and "Richard Carvel," the three great
novels of the Revolutionary period.
Paul Du Chai'llu, who is now in New
York, is about to publish a book on the
"Animals of the African Forest."
* * *
In Art-
Ernest Seton-Thompson's drawings
have been on exhibition in the Youth's
Companion art department, on Colum-
bus avenue, Boston, during the month.
* * *
The sculptor, Herr Johannes Hart-
mann, has had his design for the monu-
ment to Robert Schumann accepted by
the jury.
* * *
The Burlington Club is forming a col-
lection of Ruskin's drawings.
* * *
The Van Dvck portrait of Charles I of
England, owned by William C. Whitney,
is counted a "finer example of that mas-
ter than the famous equestrian portrait in
the English National Gallery."
* * *
Mr. Eugene Fischhof has been ap-
pointed by Emperor Francis Joseph
Chief Commissioner for the Fine Arts for
Austria at the Paris Exposition. He
served in the same capacity at the
World's Fair, in Chicago.
* * *
Miss Cogood's lectures upon the art
of Northern Europe given at the Port-
land Library constitute the principal fea-
ture of the month in local art. The fact
that the lecture-room is so closely packed
each afternoon that there is not room for
another chair goes to prove that the peo-
ple of this city are not unappreciative.
Durer, the German artist, is the subject
of these lectures, though supplemented
by other artists of that dav and age. and
embracing, in a general way, art in its
many phases. Miss Osgood's attitude
toward her subject is one of the noblest.
It is not "art for art's sake" with her, but
art that helps and elevates and enlarges.
THE MONTH.
241
The picture is but the symbol of a beauty
too perfect to be expressed save by sug-
gestion. But of this more will be said at
some future date.
It is not likely that any one after listen-
ing to Miss Osgood will be forgetful of
the fact that the Portland Art Association
has the finest anl most valuable collec-
tions of photographic reproductions of
the best in art that is ;o be found this side
of the Rockies. The Western public is
deeply indebted to the class of art stu-
dents who were instrumental in bringing
this most excellent of teachers to the
Coast.
In Education —
There is a theory extant among teach-
ers in the common schools that the be-
havior of the pupil is affected by the state
of the weather, but, oddly enough, no sat-
isfactory consensus of opinion can be
obtained as to whether it is the sunshine
or the rain that exercises a moral in-
fluence and stimulates youthful mental-
ity.
The Chicago school board seems to be
always tossing on turbulent waters. Dr.
Andrews failed to prove himself the tract-
able "servant of the board." Strange that
thev should have expected such a thing
of Dr. Andrews.
An attendance of 100,000 children is
reported in the public schools opened in
Cuba by the United States Government.
Rear Admiral Sampson has been of-
fered and declined the Presidency of the
Massachusetts Institute" of Technology.
Sir William Magnay, author of "The
Pride of Life;"- has written another book
which reaches American readers
through Appletons. It is called "The
Heiress of the Season" and is "an in-
cisive study of social and political life
in London at the preent day."
Sooner or Later
You must read what we have to
say here, and sooner or later you
must think about it, but
What is the sense
of putting it off. and tramping
around in agony with a corn that
makes life miserable?
If you have a corn
and nearly everybody has — jrou
know what it means to suffer. We
simply want to tell you how to
secure relief. You can take ad-
vantage of it or not, but if you
do what we recommend, we guar-
antee you will get relief — that the
corn will be entirely removed, and
a clean white skin left in its place.
We have experimented
a great many years to achieve this
result. One thing will do it. We
don't know of anything else that
will. You are interested in know-
ing what will. It is
THE WILLAMETTE CORN CURE
A Clear and Colorless Fluid.
It vjill positively remove corns, and
leave natural skins in their places. It
sells for 25 cents a bottle ( as reason-
ably as it can be made), and if you
are tortured with a corn and voill give
our cure a trial, you <zoill find that
vjhat vje say is a simple fact,
BOERICKE & RUNYON,
303 Washington St., Portland, Oregon.
WHEN WRITING OR PURCHASING, MENTION THE PACIFIC MONTHLY
242
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
In Religious Thought —
"The Christian Spirit," writes the ed-
itor of the Christian Science Journal, "is
not exemplified alone through human
sentiment, human sympathy and human
love. . . . There must be a Savior
above the human."
* * *
This question is one that is to be found
in some form in nearly every book and
periodical one picks up today. How
many can answer it in the affirmative?
"Is your trust in God honest and real, or
merely theoretical? If the former, why
are you not willing to make some prac-
tical demonstration of your faith?"
* * *
Bishop Penick, formerly of the Prot-
estant Episcopal Mission of Liberia, says
in this month's Missionary Review: "The
outlook of Africa is a church of God, for
God and according to the wisdom of God,
applied to the whole needs of man; na-
tions and civilizations being His instru-
ments, as well and surely as individuals,
schools, boards, denominations or
creeds."
* * *
Rev. George Lester, of Truro, Eng-
land, who has had practical experience in
the Bahamas, says that "whatever mis-
sionary work is done in Cuba should be
done on a large and generous scale." He
also advises that, so far as is possible,
native Cubans be employed as mission-
aries and teachers.
* * *
Maud Ballington Booth's present work
in the slums of New York for the chil-
dren is one that appeals or should appeal
to every woman in the land.
* * *
Tn readme of the missionary zeal of
the Protestant churches exercised in
Cuba and the Philippines one somehow
is reminded of Grant Allen's storv in the
December number of the Pall Mall Mag-
azine.
* * *
Leading Events —
Feb. 8. — Ways and means committee of the
house reports on Puerto Rican tariff bill.—
Annual meeting of woman suffragists in
Washington. — Recopricity treaty between
United States and Italy is signed.
Feb. g. — Buller's third attempt to relieve
Ladysmith ends in failure.
COLUMBIA
CLEVELAND
and HARTFORD
.. Bicycles ..
Are the BEST BICYCLES possible to be
had for the money.
They Give Satisfaction.
PRICES 1900 MODELS:
Columbia Chainless
$75.00
Cleveland Chainless
7500
Columbia Chain
50.00
Cleveland Chain
$40.00 and 50.00
Hartford Chain
35.00
Pennants Chain
25.00
Columbia Model No. 65, $75.
J*
Columbia Coaster Brake furnished on
Columbia and Hartford Bicycles,
both chain and chainless,
$5.00 extra.
Good live agents wanted in all unoccupied terri-
tory of Oregou,Washington,Idahoand Montana.
American Dicycle Co.
Portland Branch Pope Sales Dept.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
THE MONTH.
243
Feb. 10. — Governor Taylor, in Kentucky,
orders troops home and recalls legislature.—
Molineux, in New York, is convicted of mur*
der in the first degree.
Feb. ii. — The house recommends territorial
form of government for Hawaii.
Feb. 12. — Lord Roberts begins invasion of
Orange Free State. — Anti-trust conference is
held in Chicago. — 3,784,000 people in India are
receiving famine relief.
Feb. 13. — France concludes hearings on
reciprocity treaty with America. — General
French makes a successful advance at Mod-
der River.
Feb. 14. — Bimetalist amendment to cur-
rency bill offered by Chandler (Rep. N. H.)
is defeated in senate. — Ex-Consul Macrum
makes serious charges against England. — Gen-
eral Buller begins fourth attempt to relieve
Ladysmith.
Feb. 15. — Senate, by vote of 46 to 29, passes
substitute for house currency bill, in favor of
international bimetalism, and providing for
national banks with $25,000 capital in towns
of not more than 4,000 inhabitants. — Kim-
berley is relieved, and Cronje retreats.
Feb. 16. — British house of commons passes
supplementary army estimates of ^13,000,000.
— New Samoan treaty is ratified.
Feb. 17. — Hepburn reports in house on
Nicaragua canal. — Roberts' forces in sharp
pursuit of Cronje. — 8,000 Finlanders have emi-
grated to Canada in past six months.
Feb. 18. — Buller meets with success, taking
several Boer camps. — The house committee
reports favorably on Nicaragua canal bill.
Feb. 19. — Reported that Cronje has eluded
Roberts. — The Kentucky contest becomes
more complicated.
Feb. 20. — Cronje is surrounded. — Nebraska
Populists split over fusion.
Feb. 21. — Boers retreat and will give up
Ladysmith. — House debates Puerto Rican
tariff bill.
Feb. 22. — War in Philippines is drawing to
a close. — Strenuous efforts are made to pass
Puerto Rican bill in the house. — Hay answers
Macrum's charges.
Feb. 23. — General Cronje will probably sur-
render.— Democrats will make silver a sec-
ondary issue, and will meet in Kansas City.
July 4-
Feb. 24. — President McKinley announces
the appointment of Judge Taft, of Ohio; L. T.
"Wright, of Tennessee; H. C. Ide, of Ver-
mont, and Dean Worcester, of Michigan, as
four of the five members of the new Philippine
commission.
Feb. 25. — Cronje holds out. — President Mc-
Kinley and the house disturbed over opposi-
tion to Puerto Rican bill.
Feb. 26. — Cronje surrenders. — Agreement
reached by the house Republicans on Puerto
Rican bill.
Feb. 27. — England goes wild with joy over
surrender of Cronje.
Feb. 28. — The house passes the Puerto
Rican tariff bill by vote of 172 to 161. Bill
as amended provided for 15 per cent, of the
American tariff, and its life is limited to two
years.
Amongst the j
minor ills of life I
One of the very <zvorst is laundry ivork ♦
that is badly done. It not only uses up T
the cloth rapidly, but it destroys the tern- ▲.
per and gives one an unsatisfactory ap- ♦
pearance <where finish is most needed *?* T
Starched linen collars, shirts and cuffs +
must be unquestionably immaculate, done ♦
crf.iih nn rish. a rer+aintw as in result. ▼
with no risk, a certainty as to result.
THE UNION LAUNDRY
has come to represent this to men <who
make any effort at all to dress <zvell. Those
<zvho have not tried us will find that it ivill
pay them to do so. Send a postal or tele-
phone, and <we voill call.
UNION LAUNDRY COMPANY,
53 Randolph Street.
Telephones i Columbia 5°42.
leiepnones j 0regoni Albina 4I.
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦<
Lawn Mowers, Cream Freezers, Rubber Hose,
Garden Tools, Blue Flame Oil Stoves,
Steel Ranges, White Sewing Machines.
GOOD. CHEAP.
HUNT HARDWARE CO., 2d and Morrison
HOWE, DAVIS & KILHAM,
'Blank *Books, Paper Ruling, cArt Books,
Music and Magazines Bound.
\\\ Second St. Portland, Of e.
CONDUCTED BY DOWNING, HOPKINS & CO.
The guessing as to James R. Keen's losses
or gains in Third Avenue continue, the gen-
eral belief being that he has come out of the
transaction a loser, but not by any disas-
trously large amount; but it is a generally be-
lieved fact that a number of leading spirits in
Wall Street have been badly hurt financially
by the enormous shrinkage in Third Avenue
securities, and not a few of them have been
forced to part with their holdings of othej
stocks as a consequence.
Until the dividend on Sugar was declared
the bears found that industrial a much easiel
victim than they expected. In fact, the weak-
ness of the stock was a surprise to everybody
The operations of the professional traders
were interrupted, however, by the unexpected
action of the directors in declaring a quar-
terly dividend of 1J/2 per cent, on the common
stock. This sudden tearing aside of the veil
of mystery rather nonplussed the professional
traders, who had counted upon a period of
uncertainty for a few days more in which to
circulate vague tips and to keep up an ex-
cited fluctuation in the stock, with opportuni-
ties for profit both up and down. The cutting
in half of the dividend was about what Wall-
street sentiment had settled upon. But com-
ing suddenly upon the half-executed plans of
the speculative contingent, it left them all at
sea.
In the lailroad list, St. Paul, Burlington,
Baltimore & Ohio and a few others show a
nominal decline, but the net changes in the
railroads for the past few days are small
throughout. It is evident that the final dis-
position of the financial bill bv congress is
awaited by the bull contingent, who are gen-
erally confident that the provisions for addi-
tional bank circulation will be enacted into
law and will result in a notable expansion of
the currency. The large buying of govern-
ment bonds by national banks all over the
country, and the expert estimates which are
current of the profit offered on circulation by
the new provisions are the grounds of this
confidence. Meantime, the money market is
working constantly closer, and the favorable
factors in the outlook are ignored in the fear
that the available supply of money will not
bridge the interval until the expected relief
The wheat situation continues to be some-
what of a nuzzle. On the 2d of March May
wheat at Chicago sold at 64^0, the lowest
since the fall of 1808 The buying around
65c was supplied mainly by a certain class of
operators that continue to accumulate wheat
at this season of the. year and by the filling
of some open orders, and there was a fair
rally.
At the moment reports from the winter-
r*^®-©^®^©©® *-©■©-© W&*
• &* **-^ft^ft-^
Umbrella Rust
We are the inventors and ONLY man-
ufacturer" of an anti-rust umbrella frame,
the only frame suitable for this climate.
We a>e asked if it pays to have an
umbrella re-coveied. The only answer
is, if you have a good frame it will pay
you. But many times after you have
had your umbrella re-covered the frame
gives way on top. the rust having eaten
away the eye of the ribs and lhe cover
is destroyed. Our anti-rust f ame over
comes this.
We carry the largest assortment of
Umbrellas Parasols Hitd Handles in the
city. We handle this line of goods ex-
clusively.
ALLESINA'S
309 Morrison Street
il Phone Grant 276. Opp. P. O.
"v ^r <p <a> v v v v> :ir *• v *> — '. v><t; v t;v vv VVYif'*'^'
*♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
System Points the Path to Success. |
The Wabash-Rival Card Index
is a necessity in every well regulated office.
THE KILHAM STATIONERY CO.,
♦ OFFICE OUTFITTERS,
# 267 Morrison St., Portland, Or., Sole Agents.
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
THE JINANCIAL WORLD.
245
wheat belt are favorably construed, owing to
the snow coven ig. The unwillingness on the
part of foreign consumers to purchase was
largely attributed to the heavy Argentine
shipments. The prominence of Argentina
competition has turned attention from the
diminished Russian exports, and sentiment
abroad is reported bearish generally. Ad-
vices from Europe state that consumers are
not disposed to purchase freely, owing to the
belief in lower prices during the summer
months. In view of the famine in India,
doubtful crop prospects in France, Russia and
Germany, and the existence of war, uncertain
elements are the factor, however, and prices
recede with difficulty. Stocks of wheat con-
tinue liberal here and abroad, and the trade
is awaiting the government estimate of farm-
ers' supplies that will appear on the ioth oi
the month.
Last March reserves were estimated at 198,-
000,000 bushels, or 29.3 per cent, of the total
crop. A reduction of 40,000,000 to 50,000,000
bushels in this figure is generally looked for,
but even then the supply would exceed the
average of the past eleven years — 128,000,000
bushels. Receipts since July 1 have been 169,-
000,000 bushels, against 215,530,000 bushels
last year, and 183,000,000 bushels in 189&
Consumption for the eight months is placed
at 220,000,000 bushels, and exports aggregate
130,500,000 bushels.
* * *
The Price it Cost.
The men are splendid. * * * The peo-
ple exulted in the feat of arms which had
transformed the situation. * * * The re-
lief of the tension on the Stock Exchange was
very marked. Business began more cheer-
fully all around. * * * The casualty list
will be a long one, but the position gained was
worth what it cost. — Extracts from London
dispatches.
O they took the height and they put to flight
The foemen who guarded there.
And the rocks are red and the turf is spread
O'er some who have ceased to care.
And they glance at the list, the sad, long list
Of the men who dared and lost,
And they turn away and they cheerfully say
"It was worth the price it cost."
There was gold to win, there was land to gain
When the bristling height was won;
There was glorious prestige to maintain.
And duty that must be done!
And he read the list who had neither son
Nor brother among the lost,
And he raised his head and cheerfully said:
"It was worth the price it cost!"
They took the height that stood in the way
To the vantage that must be won,
And the brokers turned to each other to say
That the work was "splendidly done!"
But others are reading the sad, long list,
Their loved ones lie with the lost —
Ask the mother who grieves if she believes
It was worth the price it cost.
E. S. Kiser.
/onn H. Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commercial Block, PORTLAND, ORE.
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorn evs at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
Library Association of Portland
24,000 Volumes and over aoo Per odicals.
$5.00 a Year and $1.50 a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS— From 9 A. M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Sundays
and Holidays.
STARK STREET. BET. SEVENTH AND PARK.
P.O. BOX 157. TEL. MAIN 387.
RODNEY L GLISAN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
ROOM 420
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
Portland, Ore.
EDWARD HOLMAN
UNDERTAKER
EMBALMER and
FUNERAL DIRECTOR
280 Yamhill St.
Experienced
Lady Assistant
THE J. K. GILL CO.
BOOKSELLERS and STATIONERS
Third and Alder Sts.
Portland, Ore.
Vienna cModel bakery
BRANDES BROS., Prop's.
Free Delivery.
Tel. North 151.
390 MORRISON STREET.
Choice Bread
Pastry and
Fancy Cakes...
SCIENTIFIC MASSEUR J J-
encute and Chronic Rheumatic Affections,
Nervous Diseases and Obesity successfully treat-
ed by Electricity, Massage, Dry Hot Air, and
Vapor 'Baths. N F MELEENi M G.
Phones —
Office, Black 2857.
Residence, Black 691. Office, 318-319 Marquam Bldg.
CONDUCTED BY E. C. PROTZMAN.
Another Game to Study.
The following remarkable game was played
blindfolded by Mr. Morphy, simultaneously
with five other games, and is an excellent ex-
ample of the wonderful strategy which placed
Mr. Morphy upon the chess throne. It will
pay any chess student to play this game sev-
eral times carefully:
MR. MORPHY.
MR. C.
White.
Black.
i.
P to K4.
1.
P to K4
2.
K Kt to B3
2.
Q Kt to B3
3-
B to B-4
3-
B to B4
4-
P to Q Kt4
4-
B takes Kt P
5-
P to B3.
5-
B to Q R4
6.
P to Q4
6.
P takes P.
7-
Castles.
7-
P takes P
8.
Q B to R3
8.
P to Q3
9-
Q to Q Kt3
9-
K Kt to R3
10.
Q Kt takes P
10.
K B takes Kt
ii.
Q takes B
11.
Castles
12.
Q R to Q
12.
Kt to K Kt5
13-
P to K4 3
13-
P to K R3
14-
Kt takes Kt
14.
Kt takes Kt
IS-
B to K2
15-
P to K B4
16.
P to K B4
16.
Kt to Q B3
17-
K B to B4, ch
17-
K to R
i3.
Q B to Kt2
18.
Q to K2
19.
Q R to K
19.
R to B3
20.
P takes P
20.
Q to K B Sq
21.
R to K8!!!
21.
Q takes R
22.
Q takes R
22.
Q to K2
23.
Q takes Kt P, ch
23-
Q takes Q
24-
P to K B6
24.
Q takes Kt P,
25-
K takes Q
25-
B takes P, ch
26.
K takes B
26.
P to K R4
27-
R to Kt sq
and wins.
Chess Openings. — (Concluded.)
SCOTCH
GAMBIT.
Wh
Black.
I.
P to K4
1.
P to K4
2.
K Kt to B3
2.
Q Kt to B3
3-
P to Q4
3-
P takes P
4-
B to Q B4
4-
B to B4
5-
P to B3
5-
Kt to B3
6.
P takes P
6.
B to Kt5, ch
7.
B to Q2
7-
B takes B, ch
8.
Q Kt takes B
8.
P to Q4
9-
P takes P
9-
K Kt takes B
10.
Q to Kt3
10.
Q Kt to K2
11.
Castles (K's side)
11.
Castles
Even
game.
SALVIO
GAMBIT.
White.
Black.
1.
P to K4
1.
P to K4
2.
P to K B4
2.
P takes P
ch
GROCERIES!
RETAIL at WHOLESALE
.. PRICES ..
AT
RICHET CO.
Front and Washington Sts.,
Nos. 112 and 114.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Send for Price List.
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦<
JQLLS
THE CHOCOLATES THAT
ARE MAKING PORTLAND
FAMOUS & THEY ARE
THE MOST DELICIOUS BITS
THAT YOU CAN IMAGINE.
MORRISON STREET, OP-
POSITE POSTOFFICE. J* J
Oregon 'Phone Bro<xvn 462.
Millinery Opening
Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday
MRS. MARSHALL
330 Washington St. Portland, Oregon
BARTON & CURTIS,
Mining Engineers and Stock Brokers,
MINES BOUGHT, SOLD, BONDED
AND LEASED.
229 STARK ST., PORTLAND, OR.
CHESS.
247
3-
K Kt to B3
3-
P to K Kt4
4-
B to B4
4-
P to Kts
5-
Kt to K5
5
Q to R5, ch
6.
K to B Sq
6
Kt to K R3
7-
P to Q4
7
P to B6
8.
Kt to Q B3
8
P to Q3
9-
Kt to Q3
9
P takes P, ch
IO.
K takes P
10
B to Kt2
ii.
Kt to K B4
11
Kt to B3
12.
B to K3
12
Castles
13-
Q Kt to Q5
13
Q to Q Sq
14.
P to B3
White has a slight advantage.
MUZIO GAMBIT.
Wh
Black.
1.
P to K4
1
P to K4
2,
P to K B4
2
P takes P
3-
K Kt to B3
3
P to K Kt4
4-
B to B4
4
P to Kts
5-
Castles
5
P takes Kt
6.
Q takes P
6
Q to B3
7-
P to K5
7
Q takes P
8.
P to Q3
8
B to R3
9-
B to Q2
9
Kt to K2
10.
Kt to B3
10
Q Kt to B3
11.
Q R to K Sq
11
Q to K B4
12.
R to K4
12
Castles.
13-
Q B takes P
13
B to Kt2
14-
Q to K2
14
P to Q4
15-
B takes B P
15
Q to Kt4
16.
P to K R4
16
Q to Kt3
17.
Kt takes P
17
Kt takes Kt
18.
B takes Kt
18
B to B4
19.
Q R to K B4
19
B to K3
20.
B takes B
20
P takes B
21.
R to K4
21
R takes R, ch
22.
K takes R
22
R to B Sq, ch
23-
K to Kt Sq
23
Kt to Q5
Black has the better game.
A BRILLIANT GAME.
A competent critic says that "the manner
in which white in this game forces the vic-
tory, though losing piece after piece, scarcely
finds a parallel in the records of chess strat-
egy."
Herr Anderssen.
White.
1.
2.
3-
4-
5-
6.
7-
8.
9-
10.
11.
12.
13-
14-
15.
16.
17-
18.
19.
20.
P to K4
P to K B4
B to B4
K to B Sq
B takes Kt P
Kt to K B3
Pto Q3
Kt to R4
Kt to B5
P to K Kt 4
R to Kt Sq
P to K R4
P to R5
Q to B3
B takes P
Kt to B3
Kt to Q5
B to Q6
K to K2
P to K5
Herr Kieseritzki.
Black.
1. P to K4
2. P takes P
3. Q to R5, ch
4. P to Q Kt 4
5. Kt to K B3
6. Q to R3
7. Kt to R4
8. Q to Kt4
9. P to Q B3
0. Kt to B3
1. P takes B
2. Q to Kt3
3. Q to Kt4
4. Kt to Kt Sq
5. Q to B3
6. B to B4
7. Q takes Kt P
8. Q takes R, ch
9. B takes R
20. Kt to Q R3
White gives checkmate in three moves.
1 * *
i
6?
i
******************************
SEEDS.
for THE FARMER
THE GARDNER
THE LAWN
Seeds of all kinds
but only the best kinds
...AT.
S The Portland Seed Co. §
%
135 FRONT ST., COR. ALDER,
Portland, Oregon.
GET OUR CATALOGUE.
All persons, old and young, should have
their teeth examined once every six months
by a competent dentist. Decay will be pres-
ent, and tartar forming, which nothing but
a thorough examination will reveal. Profes-
sional service rendered in time means high-
class work, less pain, and great economy.
A tooth filled when decay is slight will not be
sensitive, the operation not long, and the fill-
ing lasting, because the operator has more and
better structure to work'on. He is enabled to
make the walls of the ' cavity thicker and
stronger, and with slight ganger of exposing
the nerve, the dread and fear of all when hav-
ing teeth filled. Have your teeth attended to
in time. Do not procrastinate. .'Give the den-
tist good tooth-structure to work upon, and
he will render you excellent service. One
person in a hundred has good teeth; ninety-
nine persons in a hundred could have good
teeth with the proper attention. — H. G. Vor-
hies, D. D. S., in the March Woman's Home
Companion.
One of Oregon's business enterprises which
is attracting attention all over the country is
the manufacture of the higher grade of woolen
blankets as carried on by . the Pendleton
woolen mills, of Pendleton, Or. Oregon's
wool, as is well known, is amongst the finest
in the world, and the blankets and robes turned
out by the Pendleton house contain only the
highest grade of strictly fleece wool. The
Pendleton mills, it is a relief to say, turn out
no shoddy. They have a standard and main-
tain it, and in these days, when inferior goods
are made to appear so like those of the high-
est grade, it is well to know where the best,
under the highest guarantees, can be secured'
The name, "The Pendleton Woolen Mills,"
on each blanket, is the guarantee that people
should insist upon when looking for the best.
An Indian Poet.
Chinnubbie Harjo is the nom de plume of
Alex Posey, i Creek Indian, born near Eu-
fala, I. T., ir 1874. He grew up on the farm,
and was educated at the Baptist University at
Muscogee. He has been Superintendent of
Fubhc Instruction of the Creek nation, and
TST-n,OWo SuPen"tendent of the Eufaula Creek
High School.
The personal appearance of the poet is
said to be striking, with coal black hair
swarthy complexion and an impulsive and
warm-hearted manner.
S* G* Skidmore & Co* |
Cut-Rate
Druggists
We give special attention to Prescriptions and ,
the selection of High Grade Bristle Goods. < ►
-♦-
\5\ THIRD STREET
Portland, Oregon
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ »♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»+»♦»+
CHRYSANTHEMUMS
CARNATIONS j»j»j»j»
ROSES and VIOLETS
Finest Quality
at Reasonable Pfices.
CLARKE BROS.
259 Morrison St.
MENTION THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
***A*£*****************£**A**JI
School of Languages
LOUIS BACH,
521 MARQUAM BUILDING.
FRENCH
GERMAN
SPANISH
LATIN
Individual or Class Instruc-
tion, Day or Night.
TFRMS — $2.75 a month for one person,
one lesson of one hour a week; $1.50 each a
month for two or more persons.
********************^********»
'DRIFT.
249
My Hermitage.
Between me and the noise of strife
Are walls of mountains set with pine;
The dusty, care-strewn paths of life
Lead not to this retreat of mine.
I live with Echo and with Song,
And Beauty leads me forth to see
Her temple's colonnades, and long
Together do we love to be.
The mountains wall me in complete,
And leave me but a bit of blue
Above. All year, the days are sweet —
How sweet! And all the long nights thro'
I hear the river flowing by
Along its sandy bars;
Behold, far in the midnight sky,
An infinite of stars!
'Tis sweet, when all is still,
When darkness gathers round,
To hear, from hill to hill,
The far, the wandering sound.
The cedar and the pine
Have pitched their tents with me.
What freedom vast is mine!
What room of mystery!
And on the dreamy southern breeze,
That steals in like a laden bee
And sighs for rest among the trees,
Are far-blown bits of melody.
What afterglows the twilights hold,
The darkening skies along!
And Oh, what rose-like dawns unfold,
That smite the hills to song!
High in the solitudes of air,
The gray hawk circles on and on
Till, like a spirit soaring there,
His image pales and he is gone!
Chinnubbie Harjo.
A Tuneful Liar.
This story, emanating from Puget Sound,
is authentic.
A small boy of 6 or 7, unfortunately not
brought under control by his parents, was also
especially untractable. On one occasion he
was sent to bed and his clothes hidden. He
arose in his impishness and, failing to find
his clothing, sallied forth to his play in the
garish light of day in a single garment. An-
other time he donned a suit of his father's
in lieu of a better fit.
He once boarded an Eastern train and was
several miles from home before the conductor
reached him. When asked for his ticket, he
nodded towards a gentleman sitting near,
saying, "I'm with him — he has my ticket."
The gentleman, casting his eyes on this small
Ananias for the first time in his life, repudiat-
E. C. GODDARD & CO.
OREGONIAN BUILDING
Agents for
"Delsarte"
SHOES
For "Women.
J*
Kid Lace, AA to E
@ $3.50.
PATENTS
Quickly secured. OUR FEE DUE WHEN PATENT
OBTAINED. Send model, sketch or photo, with
description for free report as to patentability. 48-PAGE
HAND-BOOX FREE. Contains references and full
information. WRITE FOR COPY OF OUR SPECIAL
OFFER. It is the most liberal proposition ever made by
a patent attorney, and EVERY INVENTOR SHOULD
READ IT before applying for patent. Address :
H.B.WILLS0N&CO.
PATENT LAWYERS,
Le Droit Bldg.. WASHINGTON, D. C.
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OP New BOOKS AND MAOAZINES
25 Cents per Month
* JONES' BOOK STORE *
»©1 Jk.ld.mr Street, Portland, Oregon
WANTED
A case of bad health that RI-P'A-N-S will not bene-
fit. R'lPA'NS, 10 for 5 cents, or 12 packets for 48 cents,
may be had of all druggists who are willing to sell a
low-priced medicine at a modern profit.
They banish pain and prolong lite.
One gives relief Accept no substitute.
Note the word RIP A N S on the packet.
Send 5 cents to Ripans Chemical Co., No. 10 Spruce
St., New York,, for 10 samples and 1000 testimonials.
THEY REGUIATE THE BOWELS.
THEY CURE SICK HEADACHE.
A SINGXE ONE GIVES RELIEF.
THE SAME
OLD WAY.
ON'T SET HENS
The Nat'l Hen Incubator beats old plan
Sto 1. Littleln prlcebut big money maker. Agta.
wanted. Send for cat. telling how to get one free.
Natural Hen Incubator Co.. R 70 Columbus, Neb.
Rev. H. Heuaer made a 100 Egg Hatcher, cost 11.00
A Free Trip to Paris!
Reliable persons of a mechanical or inventive mind
desiring a trip to the Paris Exposition, with good
salary and expenses paid, should write
The PATENT RECORD, Baltimore, Md.
250
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
ed :ne claim, but the little wretch insisted,
saying, 'That's a nice way to treat your own
son, and >ou asked me to come with you, you
know you did." Notwithstanding his pro-
tests, the youth was nevertheless assisted to
alight at the next station and made his way
home as best he could.
School teachers, as well as parents were
powerless to subdue this vicious juvenile, and
at last in desperation he was sent to the Ro-
man Catholic school, in the hope that the
gentle Sisters might control him by love. But
even to them he refused submission till finally,
under a flag of truce, terms of peace were
discussed. Smallfry consented to "behave"
if they would allow him to sing a song. Per-
mission was granted instantly, and the hope
sprang up that the young savage could be
tamed after all. Imagine the consternation
that ensued when, mounting the platform,
with brazen face he sang the doggerel, begin-
ning—
" My father is an A. P. A.,
He kills a Catholic every day.
Ta ra ra boom de ray."
Love.
Sweet are the thoughts to friendship given,
Sweet the emotions friendship knows.
Love is a glimpse of the very heav'n —
Land where the true love-blossom blows.
•Earth is sordid and sad, and musty,
Life is dull, to the loveless one.
Love, as the sun, lights up the rusty.
Ragged debris— and the old life's done.
Ever a newer and better existence,
Ever-alluring does life become.
Love, alone, is the soul's subsistence.
Blind though he be, can Love be dumb?
Nay! though the world should thunder "Si-
lence!"
Hell and its imps should swell the cry,
Heaven-held is the trial-balance;
Louder than these were his softest sigh.
Pampered tyrant, his chains are softer
Far than the t.nest silken skein.
Often released, we seek him ofter.
Seeking his slavery, sweet, again.
Lightly his vows are often broken*
Lightly, alas! are they often made.
Thoughtless words, by the thoughtless spoken
Mockery! far better left unsaid.
Love and truth should be joined together
Honest love is the salt of life.
Love is a man's salvation whether
It be of mother, or maid, or wife.
Hold such love not a gift ignoble;
High reward may it justly claim.
Wear it proudly— a jewel, double,
Treble in value the ruby's flame.
John Leisk Ta.it.
Every business man
In the Northwest who has use for PAPEI^
BOXES, CARTONS, Sample Envelopes and
Boxes, Mailing Tubes, or anything in this line,
will find that it will pay him to figure with
HOWE, DAVIS & KILHAM
before placing an order elsewhere.
109-111 Second St. Portland, Or.
Our Music Loving People
wilt ha-ve an opportunity of enjoying the
greatest musical treat in its history in a
few weeks. Ignace Paderewski, before
whose name that of every other pianist in
the world sinks into absolute insignificancef
has been secured by cManagerS. H. Fried-
lander, of San Francisco, for a limited num-
ber of Recitals on the Pacific Coast.
'Paderewski will give but one recital in
Portland, at the Marquam Grand, April Jlf
and the prices will be, $J-50, $2, $3 & $4.
IT IS A GENERALLY
RECOGNIZED FACT...
That the circulation of The Pacific
Monthly is very much larger than
that of any other monthly publi-
cation in the Northwest
This is true to such an extent that
The Pacific Monthly may lay claim
to a monoply of the field .....
Besides covering Portland thor-
oughly, The Pacific Monthly has a
large and growing circulation in
the cities and towns of Oregon,
Washington and Idaho
There is no better medium in this
field for the advertiser who wishes
to reach these States in an effec-
tive manner
Address
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY,
Chamber of Commerce,
Portland, Or.
'DRIFT.
25J
Across the Ferry.
The evening boat, crowded with passengers,
steamed slowly up to the mole. Foremost
among those on the lower deck who thronged
about the rail was a roughly-dressed middle-
aged man, evidently a mechanic.
The first to cross the gangplank, he pushed
hurriedly toward an overland train, already
discharging its passengers at the door of the
ferry depot. As he was about to mount the
steps of the emigrant car, a woman's timid
hand was laid on his arm.
"Please, sir, can you tell me — "
At the sound of her voice the man turned
and peered half doubtingly into the anxious
face lifted to his.
"Katie!" he exclaimed.
"Why, Dick!" Then, to the infinite amuse-
ment of bystanders, "Katie" was snatched up
and fervently embraced.
There were smiles on the faces of those
who witnessed the scene, but the actors in
the little drama heeded them not. The man
held the woman closely, as if he would never
let her go, until a tug at his coat and a piping
voice demanding "Mammy" claimed his at-
tention.
"Sure, an' you don't know your own lad!"
she cried. "Dicky, tell pappy how glad we
is t' see him."
But Dicky was doubtful. That great man
with black whiskers might be the pappy who
would give him a soldier's cap and gun, as
mammy had said; yet he was not inclined to
accept him as such on short acquaintance.
Poor baby! What did he remember of the
father who had left them so long ago?
"I've got two as snug rooms as you ever
see at the Point," Dick was saying, his face
one broad smile of contentment. "I couldn't
a-bear t' take you an' the kid right out o'
green fields an' prison you in a 'Frisco ten'-
ment. We has a bit o' yard at ol' Dan's—
he's a blacksmith, Katie, an' his forge is right
ag'in the winder; but we won't min' that, will
we darlin'?"
"Min' it Dick, with you?"
"I knew jes' how you'd feel. Mebbe 'twill
be sort o' comp'ny fer you when I'm across
the bay. We'll have our own cot yet, my
lass, with a park fer chickens an' a posy bed
in front fer you an' the kid. There's the
local now. jes' pulled in. Come Dicky, come
Katie. We'll get aboard an' be home in ten
minutes.
The summer day was almost done.
"Six o'clock!" shrieked the shrill-voiced fac-
tory whistles.
"Six o'clock!" the bells clamored in uni-
son.
The outer doors of shops and factories
swung open, and an ever-increasing stream
of humanity poured forth — men with lower-
ing brows, pallid-faced women, and, sad-
dest of all, mere children who had never
known a childhood.
At the foot of the street the people were
******************************
Would you
Like one of these
fine Post Fountain
Pens = =
They are...
Self-Filling
Self-Cleaning
Non-Leaking
Reliable
Simple
Durable
They are recommended by prom-
inent men all over the world.
They received the only Gold Med-
al and Diploma awarded by the
Academie Parisienne Des Inven-
teurs Indvstriels et Exposants of
Paris, to a fountain pen.
IF YOU WOULD,
Read our
GREAT PREMIUM OFFER
in front of magazine.
******************************
252
THE TACIFIC MONTHLY.
already flocking through the ferry gates.
"Jes' in time!" Dick muttered to himself,
and turned to cross the street, nearly stumb-
ling in his haste over two evil-faced imps,
scarcely older than his own little Dick, who
were squabbling in the gutter for the pos-
session of a half-smoked cigar. Their oaths
rang out above the noise of the busy street
as they rolled together on the ground, and,
used as he was to sights like this, Dick
paused, shuddering, with a prayer in his heart
for the lad at home, innocent and safe.
Suddenly the crowd parted, right and left,
and in the wake of those fleeing for safety
dashed a pair of maddened horses, dragging
at their heels a heavily-laden express wagon.
One moment and the frantic beasts would be
upon him!
With a mighty effort, Dick sent the two
combatants, still struggling blindly, reeling
out of the path, just as the runaways clat-
tered past. ,
*******
The setting sun threw broad bands of crim-
son light across the bare floor of the humble
room.
"Dick mustn't wait fer his tea," said Katie,
glancing at the clock and stirring to a brisk
blaze the fire beneath the singing kettle.
Little Dick ran to help mammy, prattling
all the while of the soldier's cap and gun that
had been promised him. Somehow the plate
he was laying for pappy slipped from the
careless fingers and was shattered on the
floor, but the hasty words of reproof that
rose to Katie's lips were never uttered, for
at that moment the gate opened and she
heard the sound of many feet on the gravel
walk.
She sprang to the door, and was met on
the threshold by old Dan.
One glance at his face, turned a chalky
white beneath the grime, told her that some-
thing was amiss.
"Dick!" she gasped.
"Bear up, marm, it's only a bit o' accident.
You'd best come in t'other room along o'
me — " But she eluded the hand stretched out
to detain her, and turned to face the ghastly
burden they were bringing in so tenderly.
Was that Dick — that crushed semblance of
a man — lying at her feet?
She gave a low cry, and flung herself down
beside him.
The sound of her voice stirred his numbed
senses; he opened his eyes.
"Katie!" he said, with a faint smile.
' 'Twas jes' this way, marm," began Dan,
with awkward sympathy. "He was — "
"Hush!" she whispered, lifting a warning
hand. "He's tryia' to speak."
The labored breath of the dying man grew
fainter and fainter. His eyes again opened.
^ "There's the six o'clock bell, men — time
t' knock off. How the sun reds the water —
like blood! We're most — across — the — ferry."
"Hats off, mates." said old Dan, laying his
hands tenderly on little Dick's curly head.
J. Torrey Conr.o".
^o«3*o«3«3»3«D«oaD*o«o*o*oao«o*o«o«o*o*oao«o«o«o*o*oao*o*2
i ..HATTERS AND FURNISHERS..
Sole Agents for
KNOX HATS
94 Third St. Portland, Or.
DON'T WEAR J* ** I
Baggy Trousers or
Shabby Clothesg?>-
We call for, sponge, press and deliver one suit of ;
your clothing each week, sew on buttons, and \
sew up rips, for \
$1.00 A SMONTH.
UNIQUE TAILORING CO,
J24 Sixth St„ Bet. Washington and Alder. {
BOTH PHONES. »
». < .■ ,■•,■' I. ■■,,.,, ,■,..{
ANDERSON BROS.
Livery, Hack, Feed and Sale Stables,
254 Third St., Cor. Madison.
Carriages all hours, day and night.
Special attention paid to Boarding Horsep.
Both Phones 331.
Or Ring O. K. Box.
^o*o«o«o«o«oaoaoaoaorj^3«o«oac)»3«o«o«cwo«o«o«o*o*3ao*c«o*^
8
The Blue Mountain
Company
8 COLD STORAGE
COAL, ICE, COKE.
247 STARK STREET
^•c«o»o«c»o»c»c»o»o«o«c«o«c»o»o»o»c»(-«o«c«c«c •o»c«o»c«c«o50,
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY -ADVERTISING SECTION.
FOOD FACTOR
LOOK!
READ!
THEN
THINK!
Have You Ever Heard
of the
Portland Sanitarium
A MEDICAL AND SURGICAL INSTITUTION
Where INVALIDS and SICK people can come with their friends if
necessary, and receive the best of MEDICAL AID
and ACCOMMODATION.
THE SANITARIUM is most beautifully located and occupies an entire
block. Its skillful Physicians and thoroughly trained graduate lady
and gentlemen nurses, and its scientific and modern appliances make it
far different from the City Hospitals.
ALL DISEASES are SUCCESSFULLY TREATED, especially such
as are common to women, nervous prostration, also diseases of the
Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat, Lung and last but not least, Stomach
troubles or Dyspepsia with the special attention given to diet, together
with water treatment in all its forms; also Electricity in every con-
ceivable way, and quiet, home-like buildings make the Portland
Sanitarium the greatest blessing to suffering humanity in the Great
Northwest.
Manufacturer of some 20 varieties of Health Foods such as Granola,
Granose, Caramel Cereal, Gluten or Diabetic Foods. All kinds
of Crackers, etc. Just the Food for those suffering with Stomach
Troubles, and cannot he equalled for those enjoying good health. Ask
your grocer for them. If he can't supply, you we can.
If you are broken down and need medical advice, don't fail to make us
a visit. Tell your sick friends and relations abont the Sanita-
rium. Hundreds visit us every year and go home restored to health,
and shouting praises for the Portland Sanitarium. TERMS MODERATE.
Write for our New Catalogue and further information to
THE PORTLAND SANITARIUM,
FIRST and MONTGOMERY STS.,
Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
x 1HE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—AD VERTISINO SECTION.
3 INCORPORATED 1851.
I
Zhc Massachusetts
Mutual Xtfe ITnsurance Co.
SPRINGFIELD, MASS.
INSURANCE LAWS in Massachusetts are the best.
POLICYHOLDERS get the most protection.
$ IF YOU are going to insure, don't forget this.
« Call or write for Statement.
I C. E. WARRENS, Cashier H. G. COLTON, Manager
« PACIFIC NORTHWEST DEPARTMENT
3 311 to 313 Chamber of Commerce
I Portland, Oregon
Downing, Hopkins & Co.
♦♦♦ BROKERS ♦♦♦
Chicago New York
Board of Trade. Stock Exchange.
Continuous market quotations at principal centers of trade received
over our own wires. Branch offices at Seattle, Tacoma, Spokane,
Walla Walla, Colfax, Wash., Vancouver and Victoria, B. C.
CORRESPONDENCE INVITED.
Head Office,
Ground Floor, Chamber of Commerce, Portland, Ore. t
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦mm
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
^mBricanJpndrjL „
COR. TWELFTH AND FLANDERS STS.
AH Orders Promptly Executed. Telephones— 851 Both Companies.
»»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ V<M»W
BALL-Bearing Type-Bar Joints and Fixed
Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unimpair-
able Alignment, Lightest Key Action. The
Most Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work.
Carriage locks at end of line, protecting the
writing. Compact Shift Keyboard. Numer-
ous Handy Features. Address for full par-
ticulars,
United Typewriter 8c Supplies Co.
No. 33a Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
>♦♦♦»♦•♦»♦»♦»♦
Pacific Export Lumber Co.
OREGON
PINE LUMBER
FOR EXPORT
216 Chamber of Commerce,
Portland, Ore.
>+»+♦+»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦»»»+♦»
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY-ADVERTISING SECTION.
+++4 ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»
I W.C Noon Bag Co.
INCORPORATED 1603.
Manufacturers and Importers of
Sags, Twines, Tents and Awnings,
Flags and Mining Hose.
BAG PRINTING
A SPECIALTY.
32-34 First St. North and 210-212-214-216 Couch St.
Portland, Oregon.
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTHMt
^*»jM»*iMufcifc***4fe*JMMfe**Jfe**»****fl
PATENTS GUARANTEED
Our fee returned if we fail. Any one sending
sketch and description of any invention will
promptly receive our opinion free concerning
the patentability of same- " Hpw to Obtain a
Patent" sent upon request. Patents secured
through us advertised for sale at our expense.
Patents taken out through us receive special
notice, without charge, in The Patent Record,
an illustrated and widely circulated journal,
consulted by Manufacturers and Investors.
Send for sample copy FREE. Address,
VICTOR J. EVANS & CO.
(Patent Attorneys.)
Evans Building, WASHINGTON, D. C
8****w***********************
********^******A******A*A***A**£******A****i***£**^
Over 5QOO
of the best families of Oregon read The Pacific
Monthly every month. Is this fact worth any-
thing to you in your business? It is, if you are a
wide-awake advertiser,,
8
Oregon Phone
Clay 931.
Columbia
Phone 307
l£lli§ pvintiwQ Co.
ESTABLISHED IN 1B8T.
PRINTERS
PUBLISHERS
STEREOTYPERS
(Anything in the Printing line, from a card to a catalogue.
05 EIRST STREET,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Whenjdealing with our advertisers, kindly'inention.The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
A Word with Eastern Advertisers
The 'Pacific ctyorthivest is one of the best fields in the United States for judicious
advertising. The country is rich and prosperous, crops ne'ber fail, and the popula-
tion is steadily increasing, o%>ing to the steady influx from less favored regions.
Unquestionably a desirable field to reach.
THE FIELD IN WHITE IS THE FIELD OF THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
The Pacific Honthly
Cdbers this field exclusively. Others may dabble in it. The Pacific SMonthly covers it.
cAs for circulation, the Pacific SMonthly is one of the fevj magazines %>est of the Miss-
issippi that guarantees circulation. Our svoorn statement is as follovos :
Average per month, during the last eight months
Highest single issue . . . .""."'•
lowest single issue
5435 copies.
6500 copies.
5000 copies.
->l ■»
» t<-
Our rates are unusually low. It will pay any advertiser wishing to reach this field
and the entire Pacific Coast at one and the same time, to drop us a
postal. Let us tell you more about it. We can make
it worth your while. Address
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY,
Chamber of Commerce,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
4 + + MH ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦ + + ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
2 Overland Trains Daily 2
THE
YELLOWSTONE PARK \ DINING CAR LINE.
...When going to the...
BUFFALO HUMP MINING COUNTRY,
TAKE
THE
NORTHERN PAOFlQEx
Direct service to the GOLD FIELDS of British Columbia,
via SPOKANE, WASH.
IL
-- Tickets sold to all points
. . in the United States and Canada.
Telephone Main 244.
A. D. CHARLTON,
Assistant General Passenger Agent,
255 Morrison St., Cor. Third,
Portland, Oregon.
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦MM
THE MAGNIFICENT SCENERY
OF
COLUMBIA RIVER
The most beautiful in the world, can best be seen
from the steamers "DALLES CITY" and
"REGULATOR" of the
44
REGULATOR LINE
DO NOT MISS THIS.
'//
Steamers leave Portland, Oak St. Dock, 7 a. m., daily,
except Sunday, for The Dalles, Cascade Locks, Hood
River and way landings.
C. G. THAYER, Act.,
Oak St. Dock, Portland.
(Phone 914.)
W. C. ALLAWAY,
Gen. Agt ,
The Dalles, Or.
Ore— PHONES 734— Col
Model Laundry Company
308 MADISON STREET,
Between Fifth and Sixth
PORTLAND,
OREGON,
THE ONLY LINE
—offering-
TWO Routes from Portland.
THREE Routes through Colorado.
FOUR Routes east thereof.
The Grandest Mountain Scenery in America
by daylight.
Personally conducted tourist excursions
through to the east without change of cars.
Free Reclining Chair Cars in all trains.
New and Elegant Equipment.
Perfect Dining Car Service.
STOPOVER IN UTAH OR COLORADO
GRANTED ON ALL CLASSES OP TICKETS.
No trouble to answer questions.
M.J.ROCHE, J.D.MANSFIELD,
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
*53 Washington St., Portland, Oregon.
When dealing with our advertisers kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Columbia River & Puget Sound Navigation Ci.
Portland and Astoria
Steamers Telephone or Bailey Gatzert leave foot Alder
Street daily (except Sunday), 7 A. M.
Leave Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
U. B. SCOTT, President
.LIS
WINTER SCHEDULE- Daily.
Train No. 22 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 11:30 a. tn.
Train No. 24 leaves Portland at 7:00 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at 10:30 p. m.
Return
Train No. 21 leaves Astoria at 7:45 a m., arrives in
Portland at 11:15 a m. *
Train No. 23 leaves Astoria at 6:10 p. m., and arrives
in Portland at 9:40 p. m.
Train No. 22 runs through" to Seaside, leaving Sea-
side on the return ai 2:30 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia River R. R. Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. tn. and 7:00 p. m., arriving at
Astoria at 11:30 a. m. and 10:30 p. m. Leaving for Sea-
side at 11:35 a- m-
[AST ) ■ SOUTHERN
via PACIFIC
* COMPANY
LEAVE
* 8 30 a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
t 7 30 a.m.
X 450p.m.
Depot, Fifth and I Sts.
OVERLAND EX-1
PRESS, for Salem,
Roseburg, Ashland,
Sacramento, Ogden,
San Francisco, Mo-
jave.Los Angeles, El
Paso, New Orleans
Land the East.
Roseburg Passenger. . '..
{Via Woodburn for")
Mt. Angel, Silverton ,
West Scio, Browns- >
ville, Springfield j
I, and Natron. J
Corvallis Passenger
Independence Pass'ng'r
ARRIVE
9 15 a.m.
* 430 p.m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
X 5 5°P-m.
X 8 25 a. m.
* Daily. X Daily except Sunday.
Direct connection at San Francisco with Occi-
dental and Oriental and Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND CHINA. Sailing dates
on application.
Rates and tickets to eastern points and Eu-
rope, also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA, can be obtained from J. B.
KIRKLAND, Ticket Agent, 134 Third St.
Yamhill Division: — Passenger Depot foot of
Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a. m.;
12:30, 1:55, 3:25, 5:15, 6:25, 8:05, 11:30 p. m., and 9:00
a. m. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland
daily at 6:35*, 8:30, 10:50* a. m; 1:35, 3:15, 4:30, 6:20,
7:40, 9:15 p. m.; 12:40 a. m. daily except Monday
and 10:05 a- m. on Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, exeept Sunday, at
4:30 p. m. Arrive at Portland at 9:30 a. m.
Leave for Airlie Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays at 8:35 a. m. Arrive at Portland Tues-
days, Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
* Except Sunday
R. KOEHLER, C. H. MARKHAM,
Manager. Qen. F. & P. Agt.
GO EAST VIA
Oregon Short Line Railroad
THE DIRECT ROUTE TO
Montana, Utah, Colorado
and all Eastern and Southern Points.
Affording choice of two routes, via the UNION
PACIFIC Past Mail Line or the RIO
GRANDE Scenic Lines through Colorado.
NO CHANGE OF CARS
On the Portland-Chicago Special,
"the finest in the West."
Equipped with
ELEGANT STANDARD SLEEPERS
PINE NEW ORDINARY (Tourist) SLEEPERS
SUPERB LIBRARY-BUFFET CARS
SPLENDID DINERS (meals a la carte)
FREE RECLINING CHAIR CARS
COMFORTABLE COACHES AND SMOKERS
ENTIRE TRAIN COMPLETELY VESTI-
BULED.
For further information apply to
J. R. NAGEL, City Tkt. Agt.
C.O.TERRY, Trav. Pass. Agt. W.E-COMAN, Gen'lAgt.
134 Third St., Portland, Or.
0. R. & N.
Fast Mail
8:00 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
3:45 p. m.
8:00 p. m.
8:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
Saturday
10:00 p. m.
6:00 a. m
Ex. Sunday
Lv.Riparia
1:20 a. m.
Daily
TIME SCHEDULES
FROM PORTLAND.
Salt Lake, Denver, Ft.
Worih, Omaha, Kan-
sas City, St. Louis,
Chicago and East.
Walla Walli, Spokane,
Minneapolis, St. Paul,
Duluth, Milwaukee,
Chicago and East.
Ocean Steamships.
All sailing dates subject
to change.
For San Francisco —
Sail every five days.
Col 11 mbia River
St> amers.
To Astoria and Way
Landings.
Willamette River.
Oregon City, Newberg,
Salem & Way Landings
Willamette and
Yamhill Rivers.
Oregon City, Dayton
and Way Landings.
Willamette .River.
Portland to Corvallis
and Way Landings.
Snake River.
Riparia to Lewiston.
Fast Mail
6:45 p. m.
Spokane
Flyer
8:00 a. m.
4:00 p. m.
4:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
4:3° P- tn.
Ex. Sunday
3:30 p. m.
Mon. Wed.
and Fri.
4:30 p: m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Leave
Lewiston
Daily
8:30 a. m.
A. SCHILLING.
City Ticket Agt.,
254 Washington St., Portland, Ore
W. H. HURLBURT,
Gen'l. Pass. Agt.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention Tb,e Pacific Monthly
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
a*****************************
The Right Road ^
I
i
Is the Great Rock Island
Route. J> J> J> J>
Dining car service the
&> best, elegant equipment,
and fast service J* J* &
For further information
address
A. E. COOPER, General Agent,
Pass. Dept.
246 Washington Street,
J PORTLAND,
*
OREGON. $
)vvvvvvvWTfi'#v?y?f??vvv???*$ >
.uxurious 1 ravel
THE "North-Western Limited" trains,
elettric lighted throughout, both inside
and out, and steam heated, are, with-
out exception, the finest trains in the -world.
They embody the latest, newest and best
ideas for comfort, convenience and luxury
ever offered the traveling public, and al-
together are the most complete and splen-
did production of the Car Builders' art.
THESE SPLENDID TRAINS
CONNECT WITH
The Great Northern
The Northern Pacific and
The Canadian Pacific 1
AT ST. PAUL, FOR
CHICAGO and the EAST.
No extra charge for these superior accommo-
dations and all classes of tickets are available for
passage on the famous" North-western Limited."
All trains on this line areprotected by the Inter-
locking Block system.
W. H. MEAD,
OEN'L AGENT,
The North-Western Line.
PORTLAND, OR.
Ill Competition
<^pi2ro^v
Aa regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
The Favorite Transcontinental Route Between
the Northwest and all Points East
Choice of Two Routes Through the FAMOUS
^^ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY
And Pour Routes Bast of Pueblo and Denver
All Passengers granted a day stop-over in
the Mormon Capitol or anywhere between
Ojden and Denver. Personally conducted
Tourist Excursions three days a week to
OMAHA, KANSAS CITY, ST. LOUIS,
CHICAGO and the EAST.
Per Tickets and any Information regarding Rates,
Routes, etc., or for Descriptive Advertising Matter,
call on Agents of Oregon Railway & Navigation
Co. Oregon Short Line or Southern Pacific
Companies.
8. K. HOOPER, R. C. NICHOL,
Gen. Pass. & Ticket Agt. Gen. Agt., 351 Wash M
DENVER, COL. ■•RTLAND, Oft*.
JUST THINK!
3# days with no change to Chicago
4}£ days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN:
Trains are Illuminated by Pintsch Gas,
run Into Union Depots, and Baggage
Is checked through to Destination.
Lowest Rates.
Per Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
J. H, LOTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. Agent
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
Do You Like ^ ^ ^
A Luxurious Meal?
jtjtjiijitjitjtji
"TIGER BRAND''
Pure Spices
"OUR BEST"
Roasted Cof fee
"KUSALANA
Ceylon Tea
...<Are Items...
%£«£«£ w^/cA w/// arc/ materially *&«£<£
ft
ASK YOUR GROCER FOR
... THEM ...
THE FIRST TIME YOU SEE HIM.
cManttfadared and
Sold by J* J- J*
CORBITT & MACLEAY CO.
Portland, Oregon.
n
v
J
COLDEN WEST f DEVERS' BLEND
Baking Powder i COFFEE
HONEST POWDER
J*
J*
J*
J*
&
J*
5 The World's Finest.
j*
t&*t0*t&*
«t an HONEST PRICE 5
jj To insure getting the genuine,
** buy in sealed packages
Not Made by a Trust. j! only.
CLOSSET & DEVERS.
RUSSELL & CO. *:
. AVCRILL,
MANUFACTURERS OF
High Grade,
Engines, Boilers,
Saw Mills,
Threshers...
Eatirriates furnished on Stearn Plants of all Sizes and for
any purpose. Write for Catalogues.
RUSSELL & CO., - Portland, Ore.
When dealing uHth our advertUen, kindly mention The PaciJU Monthly
New Elements in the National Political Situation,
By JUDGE THOS. O'DAY.
APRIL
1900
10 CENTS A COPY
ONEDOLLRPhYEhR
$25,000.00
in cash prizes
Are offered in this
issue %# The great-
est prize offer ever
made <£ See pages
2 and 3, advertising
section, for partial-
larS <c^r <j£ V^»-
Early Days on the Golden Yuba,
By CAPTAIN HARRY L. WELLS.
THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE GO.
OF PHILADELPHIA
" The Policy Holders' Company "
THE NEW POLICY of the Penn Mutual is absolutely non-forfeitable and incontestable, and
contains guarantees in plain figures for each year.
1st A Cash Surrender Value. 2d A Loan equal in amount to the Cash Value.
3d Extended Insurance for the Fall amount of Policy, without the request of the Policy-holder, or
4th A Paid-up Policy
SHERMAN & HARMON, General Agents, Oregon and Washington
737, 738 & 739 Marquam Building, Portland, Oregon
MORTGAGE LOANS
On Improved
Portland City Property
In sums from $500 to $500,000 at tofoest current interest rate*.
*l^|-d-1 /\g Abstracted and Insured against
I ILIC^ Defect or Loss.
TrtlStS Administered with Skill and Fidelity.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND TRUST CO.
FIND US IN OUR NEW OFFICES,
FOURTH STREET ENTRANCE
wm. m. ladd, president. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING,
J. THORBURN ROSS, Manager.
T. T. BURKHART, ASST. SECRETARY. PORTLAND, ORE.
♦♦♦♦ »♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+»♦♦♦♦♦♦ +♦+♦♦♦♦♦>< ♦♦+♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦
WISDOM'S ROBERTINE
Is a hygienic preparation for the skin. It BEAUTIFIES
and PRESERVES the COMPLEXION.
-r
It removes Blotches, Pimples, Tan, Sunburn, Freckles, 4
and all other Blemishes, and MAKES A BEAUTIFUL J
COMPLEXION. I
It also makes Pearly Teeth, a Sweet Stomach and a ♦
Pure Breath. 4
>»T»T»T»+M»T»T»T»T »♦♦ + ♦♦♦ + «"t-»+»+++»+++++» + »T-
Sec Our Great Premium Offer a Few Pages Over.
The Pacific Monthly.
(The entire contents of this Magazine are covered by the general copyright, and. articles must not be reprinted
without special permission.)
• ' ■ ' ' ■ i
CONTENTS FOR APRIL, J900.
New Elements in the National Political Situation. .Judge Thos. O'Day 255
Easter (Poem) Lischen M. Miller 256
Christine Sturburg's Ride (Story) Mary Burke Calhoun 257
In two parts. Part II.
The Haven of Sweet Dreams (Poem) Valentine cBroivn 260
Early Days on the Golden Yuba Captain Harry L. Wells 261
Down the River (Poem) /. D. 263
The Rivers of Oregon —
U Multnomah Falls /. W. Whalley 264
2. The McKinzie George §Mel<vin 264
3. The Legend of the Lake Clarence 'Danvers 265
A Matter Purely Literary W. W. Fidler 267
"Simpsoniana " 268
Elise ; a Sequel to "The Voice of the Silence" 270
His Opportunity (Short Story) Lue Vernon 273
DEPARTMENTS:
OUR POINT OF VIEW—
Special Offer 276
The Pacific Coast .- 276
The Passing of Ministers, Lawyers and Doctors 277
Miss Anthony 277
MEN AND WOMEN 278
The Story of the Chinook (Poem) Willikiaka 279
THE HOME—
Living on $25.00 a week 280
The Lunch Basket , 280
Song Hilary Neil 281
BOOKS 282
QUESTIONS OF THE DAY—
The Race Problem in the South John Leisk Tait 284
A Disturbing Factor L. Davis 285
THE IDLER— A Department of Musical and Dramatic Chat 286
THE MONTH— In Politics, Science, Literature, Art, Educa-
tion, and Religious Thought, with Leading Events 287
THE FINANCIAL WORLD 292
CHESS 294
DRIFT—
A Curiosity in Advertising. ...... 291
Cauldron of the Pacific 296
A Legend of Imnaha : 297
The Color Charm of Paris 298
The Sweetest Words 299
Ho! Ye Stamp Gatherers 299
Terms:— }i.oo a year in advance; 10 cents a copy. Subscribers should remit to us in P. O. or express
money-orders, or in bank checks, dratts, or registered letters.
Agents for The Pacific Monthly are wanted in every locality, and the publishers offer unusual in-
ducements to first-class agents. Write for our terms.
Manuscript sent to The Pacific Monthly will not be returned after publication unless definite in-
structions to that effect with stamps accompany letters enclosing manuscript.
Address all correspondence, of whatever nature, to
CHAs.DEnELADDS: THE PACIFIC MONTHLY PUB. CO.,
Alex. Sweek ' Chamber of Commerce, PORTLAND, OREGON.
J. Thorburn Ross, '
William Bittle Wells, Copyrighted 1900 by William Bittle Wells.
L,ischen M. Miller. Entered at the Postoffice at Portland, Oregon, as second-class matter.
The publishers of The Pacific Monthly will esteem it a favor if readers of the Magazine will kindly
mention The Pacific Monthly' when dealing with our advertisers.
The Ellis Printing Co., 105 First St.. Portland, Or.
SEE OUR GREAT PREMIUM OFFER.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
$25,000.00
IN 1000
fe$5«^5
Arc you Interested in If so, send your guess and subscription to THE
the Greatest Country PACIFIC MONTHLY, and receive a certificate
on the Globe? which will entitle you to participate in the dis-
tribution of $25,000.00 to be distributed in
1000 Prizes by the Press Publishing Association, of Detroit, Michigan,
among those making the nearest guess or estimate of the population of
the United States and Territories, not including Hawaii, Guam, Porto
Rico or the Philippines, as shown by the official census of 1900, which
will be taken in June next.
PRIZES TO BE AWARDED AS FOLLOWS:
To the nearest correct guess $ 1 5,000.00
To the 2nd 5,000.00
To the 3rd 1,000.00
To the 4th 500.00
To the 5th 300.00
To the 6th 200.00
To the 7th 100.00
To the 8th 90.00
To the 9th 80.00
To the 10th 75.00
To the 11th 60.00
To the 12th 50.00
To the 13th 40.00
To the 14th 35.00
To the 15th 30.00
To the 16th 25 00
To the 17th 20.00
To the 18th . ; 15.00
To the 19th 15.00
To the 20th 15.00
To the next 180 nearest correct guesses, $5.00 each, amounting to 900.00
To the next 100 nearest correct guesses, $4.00 each, amounting to 400.00
To the next 100 nearest correct guesses, $2.50 each, amounting to 250.00
To the next 200 nearest correct guesses, $2.00 each, amounting to 400.00
To the next 400 nearest correct guesses, $1.00 each, amounting to 400.00
Total, 1,000 prizes, amounting to $25,000.00
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION. liJ
The Pacific Monthly
Has made arrangements with the Press Publishing Association to enable
its subscribers to participate in the distribution of the $25,000.00 in prizes.
Each cash subscriber to The Pacific Monthly for one year will re-
ceive a certificate which will entitle him to a guess on the population of
the United States and Territories, and to participate in the distribution
of the prizes.
Every subscriber will receive as many certificates and have as many
guesses as he sends subscriptions for The Pacific Monthly.
In case of a tie, or that two or more estimators are equally correct,
prizes will be divided equally between them.
This contest will close one month before the population has been
officially announced by the Director of the United States Census at Wash-
ington, D. ('., and The Pacific Monthly will announce the date when the
guessing will close.
To aid subscribers in forming their estimate, we furnish the follow-
ing data:
Year Total Population Increase Per Cent.
1780 3,000,000 ..."
1790 3,929,214 929,214 31
1800 5,308,483 1,379,269 35
1810 7,320,881 2,012,398 37
1820 9,638,453 2,317,572 32
1830 12,860,020 3,221,567 33
1840 17,069,453 4,209,433 33
1850 23,191,876 6,122,423 35
1860 31,443,321 8,251,445 35
1870 38,558,371 7,115,050 22
1880 50,155,783 11,597,412 30
1890 62,622,250 22,466,467 25
The population of 1900 at an increase of 21% over the population of
1890 would be 75,772,922; an increase of 13,150,672.
At an increase of 22% it would be 76,399,144; an increase of 13,776,894.
At an increase of 23% it would be 77,025,366; an increase of 14,403.116.
At an increase of 24% it would be 77,651,588; an increase of 15,029,338.
At an increase of 25% it would be 78,277,812; an increase of 15,655,562.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY, Portland, Ore.
Inclosed find $1.00 for which please send me THE PACIFIC
MONTHLY for one year, beginning 1900,
and ending 1901, and certificate entitling
me to participate in the distribution of the $25,000 in prizes.
Name
Town
State
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY—ADVERTISING SECTION.
***#**#***************************** * ££*&££ &£^£*£^*#^^^£«
The
«^5
GREATEST PREMIUM=—
^ EVER OFFERED
WE have been on the out-look for a premium that would be acceptable to the great
majority of our readers. This is not always an easy matter. What one may
like may be strictly opposite to the taste of another. What may be acceptable
to a gentleman is oft useless to a lady. What a boy would revel in may be distaste-
ful to a girl. Thus in the search for a suitabie premium it is very difficult to select
one that is acceptable to one and all alike. If it is possible to get hold of such an
article, we think we have succeeded in our selection of the noted
POST FOUNTAIN PEN.
Where is there a gentleman or a lady that would not find one useful? Show us a
boy or a girl that would not appreciate a present of one of these useful articles. Now
there are fountain pens and FOUNTAIN PENS. A good one is a boon, while an in-
ferior article is a nuisance. The "Post" is considered one of the best if not THE BEST in
the market. It is the constant companion of some of the leading men in the country;
and the list of testimonials herewith submitted cannot be excelled. In this list will be
found leading men in Politics, Finance, Law, Religious Movements, Literary Men, Bankers
and Business Men. Men who never before allowed their names to be used in this way
have not hesitated to recommend the "Post" and in terms of praise simply unqualified.
One and all designate the "Post" as the nearest to perfection of anything yet found.
In the words of Dr. Josiah Strong, "The post leaves nothing to be desired." The testi-
monials submitted here state very clearly the many advantages of the Post Pen over
all others. It is a Self-filler and Self-cleaner, two points which carry it far ahead of all
others in the market. The retail price of the "Post" is $3.00. It cannot be purchased
under this price any where. The patentee has a very hard-and-fast agreement with the
trade and agents that $3.00 shall be the minimum price at which it retails. By a spec-
cial agreement we are in a position to make
The subscription price of the Pacific Monthly
is $1.00, the Pen is $3.00. We offer three
— subscriptions to the magazine for one year
and the Pen for $3.00, which is a saving to those who embrace this great opportunity
of $3.00. The Pen will be carefully packed and sent to your address, or any address
you send us, with printed directions, postpaid. Subscribe to-day. Fill in accompanied
subscription blank and forward without delay to The Pacific Monthly, Portland, Oregon.
A GREAT OFFER
THE TACIFIC SMONTHLY,
Inclosed find $3.00 for which please sen
'Portland, Oregon:
d The Pacific Monthly
for one
year
to the following
addresses:
Name
Address....
Name
Please send the Post Pen to
«ffTV«*f »»»»>*T*V«»V*TT^fr^M»»?» »*-*'** $$«'^*'f«'ff*'f$f'*f*f*'f>
THE PA CIFIC MONTH L Y—ADVER rial A G SECTION.
Wbat some
people sa\>
about tbe
post.*
"I have tried every pen
of the kind on the market,
and now unhesitatingly
give the preference to the
Post. It not only feeds
itself with less care, but
has the immeasureable
advantage of re-supply
without inking the fin-
gers. I do all my work
with it."
yvcxsCuc4Aj>
"A perfect fountain
pen at last! I have been
hunting for it upwards
of twenty years. I have
tried many, and I can
assure you they have
tried me. I have had lit-
tle satisfaction even
from the best, but the
Postleavesnothing to be
desired I am delighted
with it."
"The pen is all you
promised I carry four
fountain pens, and now
the Post makes the fifth,
and the fifth is by far the
best I have - and all are
good."
VM^-^-c^^ir
"I have used the Post
pen for some time and
have had great satisfac-
tion with its use. It nev-
er fails or gets cranky.
One can at least have clean
hands by using the Post,
whatever the heart may
be."
7A^C^X~7^t^/(
Cw,
"A fountain pen was
given ine a couple of v<-ars
ago and it proved almost
like St. Paul's thorn in
the flesh, unless in con-
stant use it wouldn't go.
I never knew when it was
empty, and when I did
want to fill it I never could
find where that nipple
business was. Now tke
plunger makes the ink
come, tells me when the
pen is thirsty, and sucks
the tube full out of any
body's inkstand I happen
to be near. It is a perfect
pen."
•
ft
A recommendation from ^
forme - Governor, the late W
Hon. Roswell P. Flower, W
was worth a great deal'and
we value very highly the
accompanying testimon-
ial, which hesent us in his
own handwriting a short
time before his death:
"This is written with
the Post, a new fountain
pen, the simplest and best
I have ever seen."
V
ft
a^/f^Z'
*♦••»* «*«. » » »v »#******»#*#«» 99W?¥&S&9GW99W&2&&9 » *-$3-§-v*» ***** v
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
Use-
THE TELEPHONE INDEX
<A time sa1?er for business men, and the only Index pub-
lished giving both Companies numbers,
PRICE, $2.00 PER YEAR.
F<w Advertising Space or Subscription, address
G. H. AYDELOTTE, Telephones
No. 5 Raleigh Bldg., Portland, Ore.
SIk^
Oregon Main 816.
Columbia 238.
OT
! Perfect
j Telephone
I Service
CAN BE OBTAINED ONLY
...Through a Complete...
Metallic Circuit For each ™*™*>"> and
- No Party Lines.
THE COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY
Alone has these Advantages.
OFFICES, 606-607 Oregonian Building, PORTLAND, OREGON.
..The Barnes Market Company..
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Oysters, Game, Poultry and Fish
OREGON, CALIFORNIA AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Manufacturers of
Telephone 371... I05T 107, I07i THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
PORTLAND GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
CARRIES A FULL LINE OF
MOTORS from One-half Horse Power Up
POWER for ELEVATORS and all kinds
of Machinery.
ARC and INCANDESCENT LIGHTING.
Electric and Bell Wiring a Specialty
Electric Supplies
SAMSON BATTERIES
GENERAL OFFICES
COR. SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
TELEPHONES (Both) 385
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE I'ACn-JC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION. vii
LADD & TILTON
ESTABLISHED 1859
Transact a General Banking Business-.
Special Attention Given to
Collections
PORTLAND, OREGON
H. W. Corbett, President.
G. E. Withington, Cashier.
J. W. Newkirk, Asst. Cashier.
W. C. Alvord, 2d Asst. Cashier.
First National Bank
OF
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Corner First and Washington Streets.
Capital
Surplus,
$500,000.00.
650,000.00
Designated Depositary, and Financial Agent,
United States.
Insure your property <with the
Home Insurance Co*
♦♦.. OfNew York
Cash Capital, $3,000,000.00.
The Great American Fire Insurance
Company.
Assets aggregating over $12,000,000 00, ALL,
available for American Policy Holders.
J. D. COLEMAN, General Agent,
OHN H. BURGARD,
SPECIAL AGENT.
250 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OR-
TRjmp^Sf
IREIMMfflD
J . ^ Pank 5J0RE * Ornce RAiuite
usiruL A 'ORNAMENTAL WIRE Ik IRON
GRILL WORK rOR ELEVATOR EKC10SURI1
RHAK&,0re§oi\.;
Wire and Iron Fencing,
Window Guards, Etc.
Tel. Black 1961.
335 ALDER ST.
He Blumauer-FranK Drug Co.
I ..WHOLESALE..
Fourth and Morrison Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON
W. J. THOMSON & CO.
First-class work in
HALF TONES
^ZINC ETCHING
DESIGNING
ENGRAVING S
# 5
• 105^ First Street, Bet. Stark and Washington *
J Portland, Oregon 9
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
viii
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
♦
>+♦♦♦+♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+
♦
♦
♦
♦
<>
♦
♦
Pacific Export Lumber Co.
OREGON
PINE LUMBER
FOR EXPORT
216 Chamber of Commerce,
Portland, Ore.
!»♦♦♦»♦<
♦ ♦♦♦4M ♦.♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦■♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
:: A way to
j| Make Money
It is truly said that "a dollar saced is a dollar earned."
If a dollar means anything to you, then you should buy
$your life insurance from the Mutual Benefit
Life Insurance Go. of Ketoark, N J. It is the
only Company that puts FOUR guarantees in the
policy, beginning toith the SECOND year. Send for
sample policy to
RICHARD H. PICKERING,
State Agent,
The Chambers, Oregon, idaho and Montana.
Third and Alder Sts., PORTLAND. OR.
• ♦•♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦Hi
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
The Pacific Monthly.
Vol. III.
cAPRIL, 1900.
&Co. 6.
New Elements in the National Political Situation.
'By JUDGE THOS. O'DAY.
THE new elements in National poli-
tics will, in a great measure,
eclipse those of all former years.
Generally speaking, since 1888, the
great parties have been divided on eco-
nomic questions. First it was the tariff;
then came the money question and its
relation to labor and capital — whether it
were the better policy to increase the
volume of money, thereby facilitating ex-
change of commodities and the dis-
charging of debts, or whether the volume
of money should be contracted, debts
increased, interest burdens multiplied by
increasing credits, and thus keeping
everpresent conditions whereby any
financial disturbance might cause a
liquidation of debts, precipitating a panic
and paralyzing business — and while this
question is still a live political issue, it
is, in a measure, to be overshadowed hy
those occurring as a result of the Span-
ish-American war.
As a result of this war certain territory
was ceded by Spain to the United States,
and while we have heretofore annexed
vast areas of territory, it was in the
main uninhabited, and was annexed with
the avowed purpose of eventually being
admitted into the sisterhood of states as
soon as the population was sufficient to
warrant such action- The people inhabit-
ing this territory were likewise accepted
into full citizenship and given all the
rights of other citizens, with the right to
appeal to the Constitution as the Charter
of their liberties. But now, for the first
time, territory has been annexed, densely
populated, with a race of people different
from our own, and situated remote from
our shores. If this territory with its
millions of the Malay race is to be re-
tained, what shall be the civil status of
these people?
Is this territory a part of the United
States, and, if so, are these people within
the Constitutional guaranties? Are they
entitled to trial by jury, the writ of ha-
beas corpus, the right to peaceably as-
semble? Shall they have the right to a
speedy and public trial — be informed of
the nature of the accusation — be con-
fronted with the witnesses against them
and have all the other constitutional
rights which citizens are guaranteed by
the Constitution, or shall they be subject
to the personal caprice of a President or
a Congress, the mere subjects of a su-
perior power, and governed outside of
the constitution? To this last question
the answer of the Republican party is
yes, for by the passage of the late Puerto
Rican tariff bill, the Republicans say that
Puerto Rico is not a part of the United
States in the sense that it is governed by
the Constitution, but that it is merely
subject to the United States, to be gov-
erned in such manner as Congress
may determine. Hence, the Filipinos
are to be likewise subjects of and under
the jurisdiction of the United States, but
not a part of the United States. For, if
it be once admitted that Puerto Rico and
the Philippines are within the United
States and subject to the Constitution, it
follows that Congress would have no
more power to levy a tariff on goods
coming from these islands to the rest of
256
THE PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
the United States, than it would to levy
a tariff on goods going from Oregon to
California. Again, if these people are to
be governed without their consent, they
must of necessity be governed by force.
This means a large standing army. An
army is not a body of men who earn
their living by the sweat of their face, but
men who live by the sweat of some other
man's face. In the coming campaign
these questions are new elements in Na-
tional politics to be argued and decided
by the American people as a jury.
Another new element is the trusts.
What shall be done with them? The
Standard Oil Company today has so per-
fected its organization that it takes the
raw material from the -ground and deliv-
ers it direct to the consumer at retail. It
has no use now for the "middle man."
It does not need the little grocery and
the other stores to distribute its goods.
The profit of the grocer is now absorbed
by the trust. It deals direct with the
consumer. When the tobacco and othex*
trusts controlling other staple articles
shall have, like the Standard Oil Com-
pany, perfected their organizations so
they can likewise take the "raw material"
from the producer, and deliver the man-
ufactured product to the consumer, they
will not need the "middle man," but he
will be allowed to join the ever-increasing
army of the unemployed. They will fix
the price of the raw material to the pro-
ducer, and also the price of the manufac-
tured article to the consumer.
I shall not undertake to give the
remedy. Some say municipal ownership
or government control; others, that the
trusts are the necessary evolution of bus-
iness and under the inexorable law of
trade, should not be interfered with. In
other words, that the trusts will regulate
themselves; others, that each state
should prohibit the sale of articles manu-
factured by trusts. The difficulty with
this last proposition is, that under the
decisions of the Supreme Court of the
United States, the state has no such pow-
er.
It is not my object, in this article, to
suggest my own views as to the remedy,
but merely suggest this as one of the
new elements in the National political
situation.
The Democratic party will say that
new territory acquired by the United
States by treaty becomes a part of the
United States, and, as such, the people
within the new territory are entitled to
al the guarantees of the Constitution.
That is, that the "Constitution follows
the flag," and that the Filipinos
should be allowed to form their own gov-
ernment and work out their own destiny ;
that God never made a people who are
incapable of self-government, and that
no man can point to the Almighty, and
say, "by Divine right I may govern an-
other man without his consent."
That these questions are important no
thoughtful peron will deny. If the Puer-
to Ricans and the Filipinos are to be
governed outside of the Constitution, by
the President or Congress, this is all that
Queen Victoria and the Parliament of
Great Britain do in India — it is imperial-
ism pure and simple. A military force —
an aristocracy — must be maintained, not
by what they shall produce, but by what
shall be produced by the labor of other
men.
Easter.
Leaf, and blossom, and bud,
The world is in bloom today,
And the robins sing like the soul of Spring,
Or the heart of a child at play,
Tender and sweet and clear,
Yet you must lean to hear —
So soft is the note that falls,
As the robin calls and calls.
Christ is risen indeed!
The earth and the fragrant air,
The blossoming bowers, and wind-kissed
flowers,
And the sunlight quivering there,
Are calling it o'er and o'er,
Death and the grave are no more,
And the endless joy of loving and living,
Is ours by the grace of God's own giving.
L. €M. m.
Christine Sturburg's Ride.
IN TWO PARTS.
*By SMARY 'BURKE CALHOUN.
Part II.
THE clatter of Jason's hoofs de-
creased, much to Christine's re-
lief, when they reached the sand
dunes. The horse spent much of his
mettle on the hill, and as he worked his
way laboriously through the sand where
every step loses half its length in the slip
back, Christine had an opportunity to
catch her breath which had nearly been
blown and jerked out of her body. She
peered ahead into the night. Before her
the sandy way lay white as the milk
which poured into the vats. The short
fir trees scattered along the road cast
ominous shadows, and Jason snorted
and jumped aside when, on rounding a
turn, he came suddenly upon a dark
wood-pile.
Sometimes Christine thought she must
be pursued, but on looking back she saw
only the empty road, and caught occa-
sional glimpses of the dark, sleeping
farmhouse below. What she had heard
was only the wind in the fir trees.
At last the summit was gained. She
stopped her horse and looked about her.
Behind, she could see the dairy in slum-
ber, its yards, the barns, the old house
with its broad porches. Before her — her
heart sank — there was, first, the abrupt
descent of the sandy hillside, then the
low bridge over the mouth of.Waddell's
Creek, which ran through the treacher-
ous quicksands to the sea; then a great,
dark mountain, with its top in the clouds
and its precipitous sides gleaming faintly
through the gloom, along whose base
the narrow beach curved like a strip of
pale moonshine between the mountain
wall and the angry sea. Beyond this
two miles of beach over which she must
travel, was a point of rocks running out
into the water, the limit of which was
marked by the white tower of the light-
house, whose revolving lantern turned
its light into a wheel of long beams. As
these flashed across the waters towards
Christine, she noticed how broken they
were, which told her that the sea was
wild.
Its roar shook her resolution. She re-
called how the stage had been wrecked
there; how the horses had been lifted by
the waves, while the stage itself was
dashed against those rocks which, mid-
way, compel the traveler, in order to
pass them, to drive into the undertow,
even in summer.
Just yesterday morning the old stage
driver had shown the boys how he had
strapped the thin mail to his back and
how he had secured the few treasures of
the express in his bosom before ventur-
ing on the ride, laughing as he remark-
ed: "If the whole concern of us are lost
in the sea, a drowned body comes up,
you know, and old Mrs. Clark will hear
from her boy."
So Christine faltered, but suddenly she
remembered the family that lived away
upon that mountain. Filled with the
terror of the sea, she recalled the pale
face of the young English mother.
"If sister is drowned it will be just,"
she pondered, thinking of her brother.
Glancing towards the house again she
saw lights. Already the feeders and
milkers were stirring, earlier than usual,
for this was market day. Still, it could
not be later than three o'clock. In two
hours more, at least, the herders would
start for the pastuies with the cattle;
that is, if they went at all. Christine
though of waiting until then to make
sure, but no, she would then be too late
to get the men of Pescadero to the res-
cue, also her flight would be discovered.
"Oh dear, oh dear," she moaned, feel-
ing Jason shivering beneath her. "He is
so cruel a brother, that Gustaf, and he
will kill their papa."
Jason must have felt the necessity for
258
THE "PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
a move, for he took to the road, and
looking from side to side broke into a
trot down riit; hill toward fhe creek bot-
tom. Little Christine felt that he under-
stood. She slackened the rein and petted
him with her hand.
He trotted along, picking his own
way until he came to the bridge. Here
lie stopped. Christine said nothing. He
hesitated but a moment, then crossed
the bridge and stepped down into the
sand. After a few steps in the sand he
slopped once more, right at the begin-
ning of the great mountain precipice.
Up along the creek bottom this moun-
tain bent in one unbroken wooden wall.
At this hour the dark of the little valley,
where Christine had so often gathered
water-lilies, looked far more inviting
than the wet sea beach. Where Jason
stood, his mane curling into waves in
the wind, the sand was higher than else-
where, and beside her Christine saw the
little fence surrounding the grave of an
unknown. The wooden cross had been
blown to one side. She recalled how
many times she had decorated it and
scratched anew the letters on the cross,
"Stranger's Grave."
"He is so lonely here," she sighed.
Then a huge wave broke on the shore
and Jason pricked up his ears and tossed
his head as he watched it.
"Shall we go back, Jason?" The
horse shivered. "My brother might beat
us both, Jason. But it is so terrible
here." The wind tore the wrapping from
her head and napped it about her face.
She struggled to replace it.
Jason looked along the beach and afar
at the revolving light. Christine glanced
up at the mountain: "But, Jason, it is so
hard to have no papa."
There were tears in her voice. Maybe
her words were lost in the wind, maybe
Jason heard them and understood. At
any rate, he took a few steps down to
the water's edge which was too, too near
the precipice, and broke into a gallop.
He was started. Christine felt that he
would keep the way. She held with one
hand to the surcingle and wedged her
feet in tighter to his sides. When the
great waves broke the wind took the
spray and dashed it into her face. She
kept her head bent from it, but the water
dropped from her ears, now bare, and
trickled down her forehead.
At first she knew only terror; 'finally
she became dumb to all feeling. So near
the precipice, the roar of the ocean was
deafening. She could not hear the feet
of Jason on the hard sand. She could
no longer see the point light, she was so
blinded by the spray which was driven
against her in rainy torrents.
Now they were galloping through the
very undertow of the surf. Why did not
Jason crowd nearer the precipice? May-
be there was deep water at the base.
Maybe he was afraid of fragments of the
old tramway, broken by the slides above
them. She felt he knew best. She dared
to look back just one instant — a swirling
tempest — they might be galloping
through mid-ocean for all she could tell.
Suddenly dark objects began taking
shape before her. They were the Mid-
way rocks. Surely Jason could clamber
over them. What if he could not? Al-
ready he was attempting it, and even
above the awful surge which engulfed
her she could hear the click of his iron
hoofs on the black, slippery rocks, as the
noble beast struggled to bear his prec-
ious burden safely over them. Now he
was up on the shelf rock, and was
mounting the others. Christine saw the
light on the point, but:
"Great God in heaven!" she cried.
A huge wall of water was tearing
down upon them. The next instant, as
she grasped with both hands at the sur-
cingle, she was lifted away from the
earth with a great, boiling, foaming cata-
ract surging over and around her. She
closed her eyes. The water slapped her
in the face and dashed against her. She
nearly strangled. Then she felt Jason
struggling beneath her, and she knew
that he was not dead. She felt herself
rise in the water. She opened her eyes.
Where were they? Where was the light?
What was this before them? It was the
great mountain, and the waves were lift-
ing them up, up, and bearing them to-
ward the shore.
And that dark head before her! It
was Jason's. "God bless you!" scream-
ed Christine, tightening her hold — he
CHRISTINE STURBURG'S %IDE.
259
was swimming.
She felt a jar, he had touched bottom.
He tore himself from the waves, stumb-
ling and half falling as the water rushed
back against him. Once more a huge
wave struck them, nearly dashing Chris-
tine from her hold, lifting Jason, but
when it receded the horse was tearing
away from it, headed for the point light.
Jason kept his course. Christine still
clung with both hands to the surcingle,
regardless of the reins. Jason shied at
the breaking waves now seeming nearer
than when they started, perhaps the tide
was coming in. If he could only reach
the end of the beach and the steep road-
way leading down to it! The spray was
too blinding to see. The roar and
shrieking and howling of the wind was
maddening. Christine was only con-
scious of bounding along with Jason be-
neath her.
What? Was he again swept from the
shore? Was Christine slipping from
him? She loosened one hand and
caught at his mane. He was not gallop-
ing, she felt herself rising.
"The light!" screamed Christine. Ja-
son had climbed up the cliffside road -
way, and had left the swirling ocean be-
neath and behind them.
Over the remaining six miles of coast
road Christine flew, her body growing
colder and colder in the sharp wind.
The water from her clothes streamed
down the sides of poor Jason who kept
up his mad run as though life depended
upon it. Finally the valley of Pescadero
spread out before them. Jason slack-
ened his pace and trotted gently down
the long hillside to the little town, its
white houses gleaming from the trees
like a nest of eggs in the sedges. It is
the one small town from Santa Cruz to
San Francisco, and forty miles of coast
lies between it and them. Christine saw
lights in the houses of the early risers,
and immediately, upon arriving at a cor-
ner of the public square, she gathered a
meeting of the willing hearers.
"I have come from beyond the beach,"
she began, breathing heavily. The
strong arm of the villagers lifted her
from her horse and carried her into the
tavern parlor. She was very weak.
Women began to pull the wet garments
from the stiff little arms, and men were
putting hot drinks to her mouth. Mean-
while Christine was telling an extraordi-
nary story.
"My brother is away, and none of my
men would go, and the Englishman's
family is starving, and someone must
take them food. The father is sick and
I came for you, and you must go right
away, and I must go with you." Her
teeth were chattering.
The good people about her felt that
there was something which the little
purple face tried to hide.
"Why, it is little Christine Sturburg,"
exclaimed a fleshy woman who was just
then placing a pan of warm water for her
feet.
Christine gave her a hasty glance,
then turned her gaze again to the men
hanging about the doorway.
"Thou wilt go right away to save their
papa," she pleaded, dropping into the fa-
miliar tongue, but immediately repeat-
ing her request in English.
"Yes, they will go, seven of them,"
said an old woman coming from the
group which had then left the doorway.
"You will tell me when they start?"
"Yes, you poor little one," replied a
young mother, kneeling beside her.
There was a stir in the little town.
Women collected their yesterday's bak-
ings and made up bags and bundles for
the seven horsemen. Meats, fruits,
breadstuff's were tied behind the saddles
and stuffed into saddlebags.
"The child seems so terribly anxious
for you to be off,' said one housewife,
helping a horseman into his coat.
"Yes, I dare say there is some trouble
on the range. I shall carry my pistol."
"No," spoke up the eldest of the sev-
en. "We shall have no weapons. Our
mission, is to feed the starving," and he
flashed an eye about the little group
with an air of command.
* * * *
All unconscious of his sister's absence,
Gustaf had started with his herders to
the pasture. It was hardly daylight, and
the feeders had said nothing to him of
the lost Jason, fearful of his anger.
Gustaf rode in advance, muffled in his
260
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
great coat. Some way he had no mind
for this business, but justice had to be
taken into one's own hands in this coast
country, or there would be no living in
it.
At the top of the hill he looked back
at his home. "Gustaf, I have no papa,
and it is so very hard." He kept hearing
the words. He believed she must be
calling to him.
"It is a bad storm," he said to Kos-
suth.
"So, senor, but good for the work be-
-fore us."
Gustaf had hoped it was otherwise,
but he now saw plainly that to go back
was to be put to shame by his vaqueros.
Once at the upper pasture they took to
the trail which winds down the ridge,
crosses Waddell's Creek and leads up
the mountain on the other side. Pick-
ing his way through the timber, he
heard the wind in the trees. Occasional-
ly it carried a limb to the ground.
"No papa — very hard — no papa," he
caught the words from the ocean's dis-
tant roar.
It was a silent ride to the English-
man's miserable little ranch.
Emerging from the brush, right before
the house, the men were astonished to
see another party of riders coming up
on the other side. In advance rode a
man with a little girl before him. Gustaf
waited for them to approach. A pale
faced woman opened the door, and, with
her hand on the knob, stared first at one
group, and then at the other. Gustaf
drew his breath hard at sight of that
face — it was so beautiful. The approach-
ing horsemen rode right up to him, and
the high-piping voice of the little girl
called out:
"Oh, Gustaf, I thought you would not
get home in time, so I went for these
people to get food for them."
In an instant he saw what had happen-
ed.
"I have come to see what was need-
ed," he said grimly, looking into the eyes
of the advance horseman.
Men were dismounting and carrying
things into the house, and Gustaf lifted
his little sister to his lap. She sat very
still, but trembled visibly. He called to
Kossuth. The vaquero drew near.
"Not a word of this, Kossuth, mind.
See what is needed there, then follow me
home and we will provide. Tell those
young blackguards to keep their mouths
closed."
With these words he turned and rode
away with his sister, patting her gently,
the nearest he had ever come to demon-
strative affection.
Up at the English home the good peo-
ple of Pescadero had taken charge. The
woman stood near the doorway petting
a large black horse whose sides were
wet with the salt of the sea. She laid her
cheek against his face, and looking into
the great dark eyes, whispered:
"And you risked your life for my lit-
tle ones.
The Haven of Sweet Dreams.
Over the sea, the deep wide sea,
Like a boat life's fleeting miles
My soul wil1. glide on a placid ude,
And its sails will be thy smiles.
II.
Thy sweetest song as I glide along,
Will be the wind which bears
A sunlit soul to its cherished goal,
Away from a world of cares.
III.
The merry light of thy glances bright
Will be my noonday themes,
And thy kiss will say we will anchor weigh
In the haven of sweet dreams.
IV.
In a haven near, where never a tear
Our fond content can mar,
Where the ebb and flow will bid us know
All of the joys which are.
V.
My soul like a boat would ever float
Over the sunlit streams,
Over the sea, my love, with thee,
To the haven of sweet dreams.
'Valentine cBroion.
Early Days on the Golden Yuba.
<By CAPTAIN HARRY L. WELLS.
NO name is more intimatelv associ-
ated with the mining annals of
California, than that of "Yuba."
Many a "forty-niner," his head whitened
by the frosts of more than three score
winters, as he sits by his glowing hearth
in some house of wealth, or smokes his
long-used pipe in some lonely cabin,
wanders in fancy on the banks of that
swift-rushing stream, where so long ago
he delved for gold. Mayhap, as the ex-
citing scenes of those stirring times troop
through his mind, in a shifting r.nd con-
tinuous procession, he softly repeats the
old familiar parody:
Up yonder, where the miners go.
The rains are anything bu: slow;
And dark, and muddy is tho flow
Of Yuba, rolling rapidly.
Perhaps the world-famous story of
"Yuba Dam," [This was, in a measure, a
true story. The locality still bears that
name, and is but a short distance up the
river from Marysville, at the point where,
formerly, a toll bridge crossed the
stream.] will present itself, followed by
the exciting scenes of the vigilante reign
in Marysville, the highway exploits of
Jim Webster and Tom Bell, the hanging
of the woman at Downieville, the Gold
lake stampede, the Washoe excitement,
and the thousand and one incidents of
life along the stream during the first few
years the Argonauts spent in the search
for wealth on the bars and flats of that
noted river.
Gold was discovered in California on
the 25th of January, 1848, by Jas. W.
Marshall, in the tail race of a saw mill,
which he was building for Captain John
A. Sutter, at Coloma, on the South Fork
of the American river. About the mid-
dle of April, 1848, Jonas Spect and sev-
eral companions were on their way from
Yerba Buena (San Francisco), to John-
son's ranch on Bear river, having come
down from Oregon in a vessel, their ob-
ject being to make up a party to cross the
plains to the States. One night, while
encamped at Knight's Landing, on the
Sacramento, they were overtaken by a
party hastening to the mines, and were
informed that there was a great rush
from all directions to Sutter's mill. The
overland journey was forgotten, and all
hastened to Coloma. But disappoint-
ment awaited them. Sutter and Mar-
shall, under Mexican laws, claimed the
ground and exacted rent from all who
chose to work, and, it was then supposed
that gold was to be found only in the
vicinity of Coloma, a great many of the
men left the mines in disgust and re-
turned to their homes. Among these
was Spect, who went to Johnson's ranch
to carry out his original intention of go-
ing overland to the States. He spent a
few days at Johnson's and then learned
that there had been new discoveries
made on American river, and that a new
stampede for the mines had set in. He
then proposed to Johnson to prospect
the Yuba on shares, he to do the work
and Johnson to furnish the supplies.
Johnson supplied Spect with a quan-
tity of provisions, tools, etc, and an Indi-
an guide, and the pioneer prospector of
the Yuba crossed the flower-carpeted val-
ley, lying between that stream and Bear
river, and began his labor. The Indian
piloted him up the stream to Rose bar,
as it was soon afterward called, where
was a rancheria of Indians. Spect had
known something of the American abo-
riginee in Oregon, but this was his first
experience with the guileless Digger on
his native heath. He saw nothing at-
tractive in their long-used raiment of
dirt and modesty, nor did their simple
fare of clover and crickets tempt his
stomach. Consequently, when he had
panned out a few shovelfuls of dirt, with-
out satisfactory results, he hastened
away, neglectful of their urgent offers of
hospitality. In the afternoon of the
same day he made one more effort, be-
262
THE TACIFIC MONTHLY.
fore returning to Johnson's ranch. He
washed a pan of dirt near the mouth
of Timbuctoo ravine, and his eyes were
gladdened by the sight of coarse gold to
the value of $7.50. He went into camp
on the lucky spot, dispatching the Indian
to Johnson's, to convey the intelligence
of his success, and to procure more
"grub." Intelligence that gold had been
found on the Yuba soon reached Ameri-
can river, and quite a number of men
came over and took up claims. Among
these were Rose & Reynolds, a firm of
ship-carpenters, who took up claims on
the bar where had stood the rancheria,
whose hospitalities Spect had denied
himself.
Mining was conducted in 1848 upon
an entirely different principle than that
of the following year, when the influx of
thousands of eager gold hunters worked
a sudden and wonderful transformation.
The pioneer miners were scattered for
some distance up and down the stream,
and, in the main, labored vicariously.
The Indians were docile and tractable
and for the slight reward of a good meal
of white man's food would labor dili-
gently in the broiling sun, while the
white proprietors of the tools they used,
smoked their pipes serenely in the shade.
Yet the miners had but little to sell, be-
sides food and tobacco, and the Digger,
improvident by nature and education,
worked only long enough to wash out
sufficient dust to buy something to fill
his stomach and his pipe. In this way
many of the miners became wealthy in a
few months, and left the mines for good.
The most notable case of this kind was
David Parks, who located on Park's bar.
News of Marshall's discovery had reach-
ed Parks on the plains, while on his way
to Oregon with his wife and family of
children of graduated sizes. He at once
changed his destination and early in the
summer reached the Yuba, and located
on the bar which afterward bore his
name. He was well supplied with pro-
visions, and, when he learned the ways
of the unsophisticated Digger, it took
him but a short time to become con-
vinced that his household could dispense
with the luxury of sugar in their coffee,
as long as the Indians were willing to
pay gold dust for it, measure for meas-
ure. When they had' filled a pint cup
with the yellow particles, they took it to
kind-hearted Mrs. Parks, who filled an-
other cup with sugar, of almost the same
color, and exchanged cups. This was as
good a thing as the Indians wanted.
Sugar was a new luxury to them, and it
was just like finding it to have it given
them in exchange for this useless yellow
dirt, which they could neither eat nor
wear. The Parkses were also satisfied.
Their supply of sugar was light, and was
soon exhausted, and the Indian trade
threatened to leave them and go to other
points. It was then that the ready wo-
man's wit of Mrs. Parks came to the
rescue. In the family outfit was a lot of
red cloth, from which, as occasion re-
quired, various garments were manufac-
tured for the members. Mrs. Parks con-
verted this material into flaming shirts,
and displayed them before the covetous
eyes of the savages. To be sure the
cutting was crude and the stitches were
few, while the whole garment extended
but part way down the back; but then a
warrior's social position depended little
on the length of his raiment, and what
was the use of making them long, when
short ones answered all the ends of their
creation? This matter of wearing clothes
was an innovation, at best, upon the im-
memorial customs of the Diggers, and as
the garments were purely ornamental in
their nature their brevity was no detrac-
tion from their commercial value. Mrs.
Parks hit a popular idea. The latest
fashion of wearing the indication of a
shirt swept like wild fire through the
ranks of Digger society. The price of
these garments depended upon the abili-
ty of the savage to pay — for Mrs. Parks
took all she could get — and the eage:
savages were willing to pay all the dust
they could dig. When the red cloth was
used up, the market was still "booming,"
and other colors were called into requi-
sition, blue and white soon mingling
among the crimson. Their relative val-
ues were somewhat proportionate to the
ivory "chips," which circulated so freelv
among the Yuba a few months later, the
red, however, being the most valuable
They paid more for the color than they
EARLY <DAYS ON THE GOLDEN YUBA.
263
did for the cloth. There was more of it.
The fashionable color came higher than
the shirt, although the latter, viewed in
the same light, came high enough in all
conscience. Owing to competition by
traders at other points, and, as well, to
the rapid education of the natives in the
comparative value of gold dust and other
articles, the trade rapidly became less
profitable. The Parkses then "folded
their tents" and departed, bearing away
with them $85,000 as the result of a few
weeks of vicarious mining.
The competition which drove the
Parks family from the Indian trade was
chiefly that of Rose & Reynolds, at Rose
bar. They, too, discovered that the In-
dians, ignorant of the value of the yellow
stuff, were willing to dig it up and trade
it to the new comers for anything which
pleased their eccentric fancy. Rose &
Reynolds being regular traders, had a
varied stock of provisions, which the
Parkses did not possess, and thus ab-
sorbed the trade, for the native first de-
manded a pound of sugar for a pound of
gold, then struck for two pounds and
then three, until, finally, the sugar be-
came so cheap that they did not care for
it any more, and the trade was ruined.
To offset the shirt excitement down the
v river, they procured, in Yerba Buena, a
quantity of beads. A string of beads
made a splendid substitute for one of
Mrs. Parks' shirts, and was soon pre-
scribed by Dame Fashion for all her vo-
taries. Gaudily-colored glass beads were
sold, measure for measure, for gold dust,
and not enough could at first be pro-
cured to meet the demand. Beads soon
became plentiful, and, under the compe-
tition of other trading posts, fell from
their high estate, though for seveal yeais
they were a prominent and profitable
item in the Indian trade. A transient
and profitable fever was created by the
introduction of calico dresses, which the
squaws seized upon with avidity. A
squaw bedecked with one of these gaudy
garments, and a warior gorgeously ar-
rayed with a necklace of porcelain beads
and an abbreviated shirt, constituted a
family of Digger bon ton, whose social
position was impregnable.
In the winter of 1848-9, some two
hundred men mined along the Lower
Yuba. Early in the spring of 1849 their
number, was augmented by arrivals from
Oregon, Chili and the Sandwich Islands,
followed, a few months later, by the ad-
vance guard of the vast army of gold
hunters, which came trooping over the
plains, through Mexico, and across the
Isthmus of Panama, or made the long
voyage around the cold and stormy
Horn. Up the river and all its tribu-
taries they pushed, and before another
year had rolled around, Marysville,
Long bar, Parks' bar, Rose bar, Foster
bar, Downieville, Rough and Ready,
Gold run, and scores of others, were
names well known in the mining camps
of California. Then the Yuba was in its
glory, and ten thousand miners lined its
banks, whose varied experiences would
make a volume as strange and exciting
as those tales of romance which charmed
our vouthful minds.
Down the River.
We were floating down the river,
And were speaking soft and low;
And our voices blended sweetly
With the river's gentle flow.
ir.
You were telling me of sorrow,
Of the grief that wrecked your bliss;
And you bent and kissed me gently,
Gave it as a parting kiss.
V.
III.
Far away the bells were chiming,
Pealing out a marriage hymn;
And your face was full of sorrow,
And your eyes grew dark and dim.
IV.
But I held your hands within mine
And you never guessed my pain;
For I knew my desolation
Only meant your fullest gain.
We were floating down the river,
Feeling momentary bliss,
When you bent and kissed me gently,
Gave me that sweet parting kiss!
1. T).
The Rivers of Oregon.
If Thoreau had spent a week on the rivers of Oregon, on the Willamette, the Mc-
Kinzie, the Rogue or the Columbia, there can hardly be any other conclusion than that
his "week," great as it is, would have been much greater, much fuller of brightness and
beauty, much more optimistic. For it would be difficult, if not impossible, to conceive a
state more fortunate in the possession of every variety of river scenery than Oregon. From
the turbulent McKinzie to the placid Willamette, to the broad and majestic Columbia,
there is all that the lover of nature can wish. He .is bewildered by the beauty, by the
heights of mountain and falling streams which jet the Oregon banks of the mighty Colum-
bia. He is lulled to rest by the gentle ripplings of Willamette ''softly calling to the sea."
He is thrown into an ecstacy of admiration at the unexpected beauty, the quietness and
repose of stream and wooded bank, which to him are full of wonderful possibilities for litera-
ture and art. In the coming months The Pacific Monthly will endeavor to bring out some
of these things; will try to bring before its readers some of the beauty and richness of
Oregon's streams which have been too long unappreciated.
Multnomah Falls.
Over the precipice towering above us,
Leaps the pure streamlet, joyous and free,
Epithalamium singing to move us
At her glad bridal accordant to be;
Lordly Columbia waits her advancing,
Smiles open-armed to receive her embrace,
Smiles as the sun, on her tinted gauze glanc-
ing,
Dowers her form with effulgence and grace.
Spruce trees which crown dizzy heights join
the chorus,
Symphonies soft through the alders breathe
low,
Carol of birds trilling near us and o'er us,
Mingle all notes in the rhythmical flow
Of thy waters descending, descending, ne'er
ending,
With music like that which we hear in a
dream,
While Nature, the Priestess, serenely attend-
ing,
Bestows benediction on river and stream.
Haste to the wedding, ye dwellers in city,
Let the bride show ye the fringe of her robe
Spangled with jewels, resplendent and pretty,
Pure as the purest e'er found on the globe.
Throw off your trappings of care and of
sorrow,
Hark! how the bride with her welcoming
calls:
''Come and make merry, nor wait till to-
morrow
To mark how each fold of my bridal veil
falls."
/. W. Wballey.
The M'Kinzic.
<By GEORGE 8MELV1N.
FAR up in the fastnesses of the Cas-
cades there lies a beautiful lake.
Its waters are so clear that you can
look down a hundred feet and see the tree
tops of the forest that was submerged
when the lake was formed. For ages
those trees have stood preserved in the
still depths of the icy flood, and a new
fdest has sprung up and grown to ma-
turity on the lava flow that walled and
crossed the canyon in the days when the
West was young, so that the snow-fed
stream which threaded the gloom was
checked in its course and compelled to
rise and rise, filling the lava-rimmed res-
ervoir, and finally bursting from its lower
e6ge, a full-born rushing river, mad to
reach the sea.
THE SM'KINZIE.
265
This river, known as the McKinzie,
had in the days when the Indians fished
in its lower reaches and hunted along its
banks, another and more musical title,
one better befitting its silver-flashing
tide, its leaping cataracts, rainbow-arched
and white as driven snow. It is a matter
of regret that this Indian name should
have been lost.
Beautiful as are all the rivers of Ore-
gon— and there is not another land in the
world in this respect so blest — there is
none that can compare in charm with the
McKinzie. Only seventy-five miles fromits
source to its confluence with the Willam-
ette, but every mile of that swift course is
girded in beauty that mounts to grand-
eur. When a child I played upon its
banks with my sister, and built forts and
roadways in its shining sands. Often we
lifted our wondering eyes to the hills
from whence it seemed to come, and said,
"When we are older we will go together
to find the place where the river is born."
It was to us always a companion, a friend,
and yet a mystery. Whether we watched
its turbid tide in flood or harkened to its
silver singing in summer nights when
the world was in flower, and the willows
and maples and alders trailed their fra-
grant boughs in its cool waves, we were
always questioning, always longing to
see and know what lay beyond, up there
toward the gates of dawn. In later years
the rare joy was vouchsafed us of going,
as we had dreamed, together to the birth-
place of the stream we loved. Step by
step, mile by mile, from its shining lower
reaches, we traced it to its source. And
the rapture that was ours in that eager
journev is something that cannot be told
in words.
It was before the settlers had "im-
proved" their claims. The forest still
clothed the hills from base to summit.
The despoiling lumberman had not yet
invaded the primeval silence of the woods
with his noisy logging camps: And the
road that hugged the river bank was as
lonely and as little traveled as even we
could desire. The cabins in the little
clearings, scattered at far intervals aiong
the way, served only to enhance the soli-
tude.
And the river — how it dimpled in green
eddies; how it flashed in the sunshine and
lurked in the shade, tore at the obstruct-
ing boulders and laughed like a thousand
fairies on the silver bars'. At Hixon's,
where two mossy ledges of gray rock,
lichen stained -and decked with tufts of
emerald water grasses, barred the way
on either hand, the strong tide gathered
itself together and shot like a shaft from
a bow through the cleft between. And
then, as if wearied with the effort, stopped
to rest in a great wide pool that spread
out to reach and clasp the willow-fringed
shores. A few miles farther on it flowed
leisurely past a wooded mountain — that
is like the mountains one sees in dreams
— and still beyond and ever toward the
east it washes the base of Eagle Rock, a
perpendicular face of black basalt that
casts a sombre shadow to the further
shore. At the "Bridge" the narrow val-
ley widens and the mountains that wall it
in are splendid in their bulk and height.
Through the valley the river goes singing
on its way, as if glad to have reached the
haunts of men and found human com-
panionship. A few miles beyond the
road stops suddenly. There is only a
trail for those who would go on. In
those days there was not even a trail, save
some faint recollection of the way once
trodden by moccasined feet before the
paleface found the land of the sundown
sea.
It was not an easy task at that time to
follow the remaining fifteen miles of the
river's course, and none but those who
were in love with danger undertook to
do so. For there was danger, depriva-
tion and other things to be encountered
and endured. The way was so rough
that days were consumed in traversing a
fewr miles. It was often necessary to hew
a path through the dense forest for the
passage of the pack horses. There were
streams to be crossed whose treacherous
fern-fringed margins were akin to the
bottomless pit. In places the later lava
flow was not yet carpeted with moss, or
covered with vegetation, and its ragged
roughness cut the horses' feet most cru-
elly. There were mountains to be scaled
that seemed to rise straight to the clouds.
There were descents that were so steep
it made one dizzy just to contemplate
266
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
them. But oh! the wonder and the
beauty and the joy of it all. The swift
streams, tributaries of the McKinzie, that
burst, full-grown, from the mountain
side, and in their short journey never,
winter or summer, spring or autumn, feel
the added impulse of a freshet.
At the first fall, just above where the
river makes its grand leap into the circu-
lar green pool, it flows for a little space
through a trough of lava so narrow that
you might almost step across. For sev-
eral miles to northward — for the course
lies no longer toward the rising sun — the
canyon widens, and the stream loiters
idly, losing itself utterly at times beneath
the lava bridges, and the walls on either
hand are sheer five hundred feet in height.
Within five miles of the lake there is a
tiny meadow where the horses may be
loosed to graze, and where one may cross
the river on a natural bridge, grassed and
grown over with willows and hazel. Just
above is the second cataract, with a single
fall of seventy-five feet that leaps from
the ledge and speeds down the narrow
canyon, leaving a free passageway be-
hind its shimmering green veil, where
one may cross dry-shod from bank to
bank. There is yet another and more
beautiful fall nearer the lake, said to be
eighty feet in height, and spanned by a
double rainbow when the sun is out.
But the lake itself — to have seen it once
is to dream of it forever after. A lovely
crystal, it lies in the lap of the mountains.
Mount Jefferson and the Three Sisters
keep watdh above it, and Echo, that lost
spirit of wandering sound, forever haunts
its shores. It is a fitting birthplace for
Oregon's fairest stream. And we sang
for ioy when we saw where the river was
born.
The Legend of the Lake.
ii.
Far up in the heart of the mountains,
Where the peaks loom ghastly and white,
Where the forest is clothed in silence,
And dark as with shadows of night,
Is a lake, like a gleaming jewel,
Or a star dropped out of the sky.
And over its breast, and about it,
The wild wind goes whispering by.
The wind that is loud n the valleys,
Is here but a moan, and a sigh.
And once in the years that are vanished,
The ages forgotten of men,
When the world was new, and the mountains
Spoke out, and were answered again.
When the moon and the stars companioned
With the children of earth, and filled
The wood with a mystical splendor
That lured them, and charmed them, and
thrilled,
III.
There were tokens of strife in the heavens,
There were ominous sounds and signs,
The creatures were shaken with terror,
As the wind shakes the sombre pines.
The gods were at war, and the mountains
Were drunken with anger and hate.
The smoke of the battle that drifted
Was black as the banners of fate.
IV
O gloom of the night that engulfed them!
The children of eartu, in that vale
Where the lake, a jewel is nested,
And the peaks, like warriors in mail,
Stand guard. And silence is ever
The seal of a mystery set
To cover tbo secret that even
The pitying stars shall forget.
V.
For the pen of man shall not write it,
And the tongue of man shall not speak.
Go look you, and loiter and listen,
Go find you whatever you seek.
'Tis only to him who can read it
That Nature will open her book,
Not written in words. If you love her
Go loiter, and listen, and look!
Clarence cDan<vers.
A Matter Purely Literary.
"By W. W. FIDLER.
AMONG the numerous notices called
forth by the death of Oregon's
gifted bard was the following:
The death of Sam L. Simpson leaves an
absolute blank in respect of the fact that we
have among us no poet of merit or reputa-
tion. Singular it is that so much of poetic
inspiration as we have in the splendors of
nature and in the romantic suggestions of
pioneer life should have found so few
tongues. Men of intellect we have in plenty,
as our professional and business life bears
witness; but the world of artistic interests
finds here few recruits or none at all. It has
long been hoped that there might rise among
us a mind combining enthusiasm for Oregon
and her history with the insight of literary
art and the gift or dramatic portrayal, and
that these powers might be devoted to pres-
ervation in the forms of historic or romantic
fiction the tone, color, sentiment and spirit
of the older Oregon, now passing away.
Thus far this hope has been vain. The at-
mosphere which produces the artistic mind
is wanting here, as in every new country
where practical affairs claim all the energies
of life. The writer who shall voice the ro-
mance of Oregon must come, if at all, at a
later time.
Reading this paragraph carefully be-
tween the lines one might easily get the
impression that it was not so much the
object of the writer to pay a just tribute
to the memory of a deceased author as
it was to vent a soulful scorn for the
living. Too high a compliment could
not well be paid the splendid genius of
our departed poet; but why should even
an Oregon editor of the old school so
lightly prize his reputation for candid
criticism as to assert that there is "an
absolute blank in respect to the fact that
we have among us no poet of merit or
reputation."
Public opinion is not always supposed
to be made up from the unsupported
utterance of one individual, and before
these excathedra statements are taken as
the settled verdict of the state it might
be well enough to invite a more numer-
ous expression of prevailing sentiment.
Otherwise, some such thing as a crabbed
and long-cultivated animosity to local
talent might exert a preponderance of
influence, where the decision is left whol-
ly to a single self-elected Sir Oracle.
While loath to concede the accuracy
of the views so authoratively set forth in
the above quotation, I am free to con-
fess there are many reasons why they
should be essentially true and remain so.
This Oregon of ours, it must be owned,
is not an o'er hospitable region
for "weavers of mild rhymes," or
rhymes of any sort. Sam L. Simp-
son once informed me that he had
never received a dollar by way of re-
muneration for any of his numerous
poetical offerings, except on one occa-
sion. A man once paid him twenty dol-
lars for a private obituary poem. This
was the sum total of monetary emolu-
ments that had, up to that date, attended
his hazardous and laborious climbing of
Parnassus. At one time, as I very well
remember, he was particularly anxious
to convert some of the products of his
genius into hard cash, for cash was the
one thing he very much needed in his
business. He sent two of his poems to
a friend in Portland to be sold to the
"West Shore." Failing in that, they were
to be turned over to the "Oregonian" to
be published, of course, "without money
and without price." One of the poems,
"The Mother's Vigil," appeared in the
Daily Oregonian in a mutilated form;
the other, "Sayonara," failed, for some
reason or other, to meet the exacting re-
quirements of a purblind literary taste.
Now the point sought to be got at is
this: If a poet with the unquestioned
genius and established reputation of
Simpson must fare so badly at the hands
of the newspaper fraternity, where H the
encouragment for "a mind combining
the enthusiasm for Oregon and her his-
tory with the insight of literary art and
the gift of dramatic portrayal" to arise
among us and devote those powers to
the rresentation of "tone, colo". senti-
ment arid spirit of the older Oregon,
268
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY
now passing away?" The poet referred
to t! id his lull share of this thankless
work, always without reward and seldom
without the fear of punishment. If a
leading newspaper published some of
his free-will offerings gratis, it felt that
it had discharged its whole duty in the
premises with enlarged, if not ruinous
prodigality.
The papers are certainly standing well
within their own rights when they taboo
poetry, but it looks like they were, at
the same time, estopped from indulging
in any very loud lamentations over
hopes made vain through their own per-
sistent contriving. The whole spirit of
their policy is clearly exemplified when
they tell us that they don't want poetry,
that if they want poetry they know where
to find it. The budding genius that
could bourgeon and blossom and ad-
vance to autumnal ripening under such
chilling influences as this, would, indeed,
be a prodigy.
Suppose the now-famous muse of Mr.
Markham (and he was once an Oregon-
ian, I believe), had had to depend for its
first encouragement upon the generosity
of Oregon journalism, does any one
doubt that he would still be "wasting his
sweetness on the desert air?" He would
have had plenty of practical reasons for
believing that "The Man with the Hoe"
has a comfortable time of it compared to
the Webfoot poetaster. But, as has been
aptly remarked: "the world needs poets
as well as potatoes, though the popular
taste is largely in favor of the latter."
The Poet of the Sierras got his initial
coaching in Oregon; but it was at a time
when a more tolerant spirit pervaded the
press. He had, however, to take his
wares to a more appreciating communi-
ty before his talents were justly recog-
nized. He might have chanted his lays
a lifetime in Oregon without attaining
any higher reward than that passive tol-
erance— a sort of strained acquiesence in
his demented existence. When he
reached "literary London" he was quick-
ly recognized as "that wild Byron of the
unfurrowed plains." English critics
were enthusiastic in his praise.
Before we can repeat the spectacle of
sending a backwoods rhymster to capti-
vate the literary centres of the old world
there must be a subsidence of studied an-
tipathy for local talent at home. The es-
tablishment of a monthly magazine de-
voted to the drawing out and develop-
ment of the literary genius of the Coast,
is a favorable omen in the right direc-
tion. That "the world of artistic inter-
ests" need not worry about finding "re-
cruits" is sufficiently evidenced by our
past history. What other state, for in-
stance, at the same age, could boast two
such lyrical geniuses as Joaquin Miller
and Sam L. Simpson?
"Simpsoniana."
Note. — The appearance' in The Pacific
Monthly last month of .(Several of the unoub-
lished poems of the late Sam L. Simpson
has attracted some interest in the genius of
the author of "Beautiful "Willamette," and
The Pacific Monthly will be glad to further
this interest in any way that it can. We
publish this month a poem sent us by Dr.
C. L. Large, of Forest Grove, Oregon, be-
sides the "Sayonara" mentioned in "A Mat-
ter Purely Literary." — [Ed.
Forest Grove, Ore., April 10.
The following beautiful poem, was written
by Sam L. Simpson, in memory of Bishop A.
Bagley, who died at his home in Tillamook,
Oregon, April 7, 1887.
C. L. Larqe.
The life of a chivalrous, bold pioneer
Has gone to its shadowless setting,
Just across the divide from the fever and fear
Of our wearisome toiling and fretting.
The hand that was true to a friend or foe
And was ready for labor or battle.
Has waved us good-bye from the valley below
Where the buckler and spear never rattle —
Where the winds whisper low and the bright
waters beat —
ALd the handmaids of Honor are turning
Fair chaplets for them who with world weary
feet
Haste thither at life's swift declining.
SAYONARA.
269
In the nighty Valhalla of heroes unarmed,
And inwed to all conflicts and sorrow,
He now takes his place with the spirits that
flamed
In the battle that pledged us the morrow,
And who never asked quarter in sunshine or
storm,
But clung to the steep trail of duty,
With hearts that heat ever responsive and
warm
And I tenderly lay it upon the low mound
That is heaped on the heart that I
cheris-hed,
And I listen the while for the faint and far
sound
Of the voice of the friend that has perished.
In that bosom of his with its burden of care,
Throbbed the passionate heart of the poet,
A-nA m*««— *- — T ^-" +~ ^ic Tone grave
strew it,
ven decay
in sever
he spot referred to in this P7em * an island * the Columbia river above the Cas- .ting one
where the Chinook Indians buried their dead.)
MEMALUSE ISLAND.
<By SAM L. SIMPSON.
■e the King of Hesperian rivers,
nbia, with glimmering sweep,
i passionate bosom that quivers,
dream of the mystical deep—
ts in his empire eternal
the myriad rush of his power,
i island of sadness supernal
e the horseman has made him a bower,
£e eagles, that wheel there so slowly,
so pallid and patient and holy—
the vestals that cherish its dower!
<Lvilion as fair as that other
ire the lances of Camelot rest—
King and each chivalrous brother
a the plumage of fame in his crest-
ie isle of our bountiful river,
ts calm where commotion is rue,
i a finger of warning forever
the murmurous lips of life!
the waters around it intoning
Barilv np<i banish their moaning
h a "crystalline paean of strife.
1 a magical scene for its story
,und vou enchants an appals
■S thlbarbarous gloom and the glory
MlSJ^*^ glancing
innumerous arms sublime; —
ere a whimscal shadow has faltered
1 grandeur undimmed and unaltered-
ihal passed like a hurrying mime!
d the firs, with their banners uplifted,
e delayed like an army in prayer
hile the vapors of battle are dnfted
the gloom of their Gothic hair.
!d a mountain in mail uprising,
ie Attila of Oregon lands*
ems to stand like a chieftain advising
itn his fierce and untamable bands
ad to th?eaSn the valleys, the queenly,
Hi repose by Willamette serenely,
•ith a gesture of valorous hands.
It was here, when the moon was at setting
And the shadows were solemn and strange,
And the peaks in their silvery fretting
Were the proudest of a ghostly range-
That the fleets came wierdly sailing
With the songs of the dirge and the wailing
Of the dark, immemorial change.
For the warrior, all crimson from battle,
And the maid with her lingering smile
And the child that had worshiped the rattle
Of the arrows— were borne to the isle.
And they died in a faith as uncertain
As the flickering funeral glare
Of the torches that painted the curtain
Of the sorrowful midnight air—
But the sombre and sailing eagle
Was the guard of a slumber as regal
As the Parian marbles declare.
And the spring never comes with the daisies
In the flame of her bivouac,
But she lingers about it and raises
A memorial arch on her track.
And the beautiful mists that surround it
With a lustre of beaded brows
Are renewing the flowers that found it
With the dew of their nightly vows;
And so tenderly passes the river
With the braid of the sun on his quiver
That the slumberers never arouse.
The romance of the red man is ended,
And the shade of his primitive bark
With the mists of eternity blended,
Is a part of the dusk and the dark;
And the spray of the thundering steamer
Is the ghost of our loftier dream,
And the plume of its vapory streamer
But a shadow of things that seem;
For the highway of trade and of science
Is only a trail— a reliance
For the wants that confusedly teem.
And I hear, in the song of the river ,
As it washes the funeral isle
The response of this song— which is ever
The prophetic refrain of the Nile;
"O the lands may be braided together,
And the Bast lend its rose to the West,
But the nations will pause ana ask whether
The rewards they have sought are the best
7S—
stay,
7
iy
blent,
lgs
268
THE 'PACIFIC SMONTHLY
now passing away?" The poe< referred
to did his lull share of this thankless
work, always without reward and seldom
without the fear of punishment. If a
aptly remarked: "the world needs poets
as well as potatoes, though the popular
taste is largely in favor of the latter."
The Poet of the Sierras got his initial
vviuiuui iiiv. ilui Ul puuioi.un.iii.. xi <% XI1C iUCl Ul LUC OlCUda gUL 111S XIllLldl
leading newspaper published some of coaching in Oregon; but it was at a time
his free-will offerings gratis, it felt that when a more tolerant spirit pervaded the
it had discharged its whole duty in the
premises with enlarged, if not ruinous
nrnrli era litir
v^&Tsszzs«» '°-.-.a .o ^
The p
within th
poetry, 1
the same
in any
hopes m
sistent c
their po
they tell
that if th
to find
could b<
vance tc
chilling
be a pr
Suppi
Markha
ian, I b
first em
of Ore
doubt t
sweetnc
have h:
believir
has a c
the We
Bu? thp LmTlUed With the natio^ in tears,
But the heart has not changed, nor hereafter
7nd ;LChange in the cycles^of' years; ter
And the mansions of thought that are builded
when
press. He had, however, to take his
wares to a more appreciating communi
ty before his talents were justly recog
.
'^ffwJtLiiaye chanted his lays
n,He?Lthy- fortunes are builded" aright
Shal \L? lence-Ta11 wingless and biSE
Shall return, and with never a token
Of its long and delirious flight!"
Note.
Monthl
lished
has att
When this far west was in its youth
Where ocean thundered on the steeps
Of new-made boundaries-
Rushed inland with the mighty force
Ul all its moon-swayed tides;
Sounding reverberations deep
And loud from iron-bound cliffs-
St. Helen reared her fair young head
And looked to where two mountains stood
In undivided brotherhood
The kings of that vast solitude
7™ l^^ °'er a11 tnis new made land
Low at their feet lay forests deep
Interminable, forests long since dead
And buried beneath
Debris of countless ages.
And creatures stranger than
The eye of man has seen—
Huge Oreodons and Brama^eres
Lumbered their unwieldly bulks along
The margin of lost seas,
And roamed the awful silences
Of these primeval woods
* * • * *
Know ye these mountains now?
Lo! sundered far they stand,
Old Hood, all seamed and scarr'd—
Mount Adams like a God,
Sublime, majestic.
THE LOVES OF THE MOUNTAINS.
% cDe ETTA COGSWELL.
Cycles and eons have swept.
Thus savage legends run—
™L S Vast changeful shadows o'er
ine ra Their hoary summits
nnhlish w^ wild western tides wash'd in
publisft With sounding music; flung
■a +i uPward salt showers against
sides ti st. Helen's frozen breast;
ter Pui since mailed and helmeted
These kingly warriors held
In brotherhood the land.
™^ * * * « •
The
bv San Long' long' tney gazed
!,„„,„„ In growing tenderness upon
Oreenr Their queenly sister,
6 White-browed, serene, to westward,
'Till their deep hearts were stirr'd
And all their veins ran fire,
A"<i lealous hate rose up
Enshrouding them
In black, sulphuric clouds-
And each environment of erae-
And cliff and stately canyon wall
Convulsive shuddered-
£" *£e wiId western world
Thrilled with sympathetic fear.
The mighty peaks grown rivals
And enraged, hurl'd
Each to each defiance-
?°/led threat'ning peals of thunder-
Belched floods of flame
I£oiiIn V°lcanic fuiT Poured down
Swallowed up the forests at their feet
Spreading desolation- et>
Burst forth with awful glare
r}lt ht the vast upheaval
ut that mountain world-
crashing into chaos
With a sound that made
Old ocean tremble in
His rocky bed.
Three thousand years they fought
As mortal man counts time,
T, , Then
The rocky forces of the Andean chain
rTr* ?hWaI1| this mignty continent,
a a l ese fierce foes apart
And gathering up the scattered waters
cent a broad deep river
Thundering down between
And then Mount Adams turned
And looked upon St. Helens-
There stole a flush
Of warmest sunset
O'er her virgin brow
And all the rage died out
Of his great soul,
And calm content
Reigned there evermore.
r>„ ^ ~ Southward
Mod T£?rfU?lb,a'f, Cleaving ci™t
So .? d m Sul,en ^andeur
M? the smouldering fires
Of his baffled hate-
Waiting.
SAYONARA.
269
In the nighty Valhalla of heroes unarmed,
And inwed to all conflicts and sorrow,
He now takes his place with the spirits that
flamed
In the battle that pledged us the morrow,
And who never asked quarter in sunshine or
storm,
But clung to the steep trail of duty,
With hearts that heat ever responsive and
warm
For affection and valor and beauty.
No trumpets of victory sounded for him,
His days were a struggle unbroken;
And now, while he lies in death's mystery
dim,
I have twmed him this garland and token.
And I tenderly lay it upon the low mound
That is heaped on the heart that I
cherished,
And I listen the while for the faint and far
sound
Of the voice of the friend that has perished.
In that bosom of his with its burden of care,
Throbbed the passionate heart of the poet,
And, mourning, I thus to his lone grave
repair
With some flowers of Castalia to strew it,
Too soon will the wreath I have woven decay
But our friendship no changes can sever,
And I think of him ling'ring at parting one
day
As if knowing we parted forever.
In peace may he rest while the fairies of
spring
Come to garnish the place of his slumber,
For the struggle is over, the heart-ache and
sting
Of the ills that our journey encumber.
Sayonara.*
<By SAM L. SIMPSON.
They know a tender parting phrase,
In flowery Khuledeen,
Where Summer's breezy, tangled rays
Shine through the groves of green;
Where the lotos blooms, the buhl-buhl sings
And they kiss the cup of woe,
And murmur on life's broken strings,
"And since it must be so."
Be that our gage at parting, too,
With hearts of Orient calm;
We cannot change the things we rue
Beneath the pine or palm,
For the wind is fair, the sails unfurled,
Good speed to those that go,
And send the farewell round tne world,
"And since it must be so."
The leaves that curtained birdie's nest
Drop softly, one by one,
For birdie roams like all the rest
(Alas, for song and sun),
And the braided brooklets flash and fall,
By many a mead tney run,
And answer Ocean's sullen call
"And since it must be so."
The hopes that blossomed in our sky
And faded all too soon,
Like purple shade of twilight lie
Upon the brow of noon,
And though youth may train his jeweled hair
And sing to the years that flow,
He sails at last with a sweet despair,
"And since it must be so."
Ah, sweetheart, we must go our ways-
Divided lives and dooms —
The marching spirit still arrays
Its crest with shining plumes;
Red roses and red lips are dust,
And the nurtured truth comes slow
Till our souls are tuned to that tearless truss
"And since it must be so."
We meet and pass on sea and shore,
And smile with nameless pain
As we dream tnat a bridge of gold floats o'er
The sweep of the soundless main.
And we crown the ruin we cannot stay,
For the feasts that are lost below
By the crystal sea, some seraph may
Reveal why it must be so.
Then lightly pitch the silken tent
Of life's capricious day
Where sun and shadow, blown and blent,
Weave garlands o'er the way:
For the lily's golden censor swings
To its shadow, to and fro,
And the soul to itself nepenthe brings
"And since it must be so."
* Sayonara is a Japanese word signifying "since it must be so."
Elisc.
A Sequel to "The Voice of the Silence."
Chapter IV.
"S
O you have become a philanthro-
pist?" remarked Colonel Ran-
dolph, on discovering Miss
Farmer, temporarily sheltered from ob-
servation behind a friendly palm, at Mrs.
Natron's fete. "Don't put yourself to
the trouble of denying the charge," he
added, taking possession of her fan, "I
have had the whole story from an au-
thentic source."
"Oh, but I do deny it. I don't even
know what a philanthropist is. Do
you?"
"Well, perhaps not; though I have
rather labored under the impression that
any generously-inclined person who,
having a larger income than he could
conveniently spend upon himself, sought
to placate heaven and advertise his be-
neficence by investing the surplus in
newsboys' retreats, shopgirls' club-
rooms, free lunch counters, etc., with,
maybe, a public library, or a university
or two thrown in, could lay claim to the
title."
"Then I am clearly not guilty. In the
first place, I haven't half as much money
as I want myself."
"And in the second? — that firstly pre-
supposes a secondly, you know."
"Does it? Well, then, secondly, if I
had the wealth of Croesus, or to be more
modern, Rockefeller, or Carnegie, I
would not give one penny of it to found
institutions for the poor.'
"By Jove! I half believe you mean
it."
"I do."
He regarded her curiously over the
top of the open fan. She was a hand-
some girl, tall, well-formed, with clearly
modelled features, dark eyes full of in-
tellectual fire and feeling, and an abund-
ance of dark hair. She knew her own
good points and dressed up to them.
There was always a sort of subdued
splendor about her that suggested regal
robes. One instinctively felt that a dia-
dem would not be out of place on that
small, shapely head. Colonel Randolph
found her very pleasant to behold, but he
was conscious of a growing resentment
as he looked. It was, according to his
notion of the general fitness of things, a
woman's first duty to be womanly. He
had of late begun to believe her almost
ideally so, and it gave him a shock to
hear her emphatically declare a senti-
ment so distinctly unfeminine.
"Is this, then, the result of your re-
cent excursion into the delectable re-
gions of Reese Alley?" he asked, some-
what coldly.
"Partly, yes. At least my eyes have
been opened, and I see much in a defi-
nite manner that hitherto has seemed
only a vague and formless truth."
They were silent a little while. Then
he said, slowly, "You have found one
experience sufficient. I do not know
why I should be disappointed, but — I
am."
Katherine leaned toward him ever so
ELISE.
271
slightly, a sudden soft light in her eyes.
"No," she said, "I have enlisted for life.
Do you think I could see the things that
exist there, and come back permanently
to this?" She made a scarcely percepti-
ble gesture that was yet expressive
enough to include the gay scene half
hidden by the sheltering palm. T'Do
you imagine, for one moment, that I can
ever shut out the sight of the wretched-
ness, the pitiful faces of the children, old
before they are born. The mothers,
hopeless, ignorant, yet women still, and
as divinely entitled to life and love and
happiness as any maid or matron here
tonight? Do you think I can forget all
that? No, Oh no, the voice of want thai
vexes the reeking atmosphere of Reese
Alley is echoing in my ears at this mo-
ment. I shall hear it forever, and — and
I am close kin to those women down
there. "
He clasped the hand she half extend-
ed. "Forgive me for misunderstanding
you," he said. "For my wife's sake I
am glad. She needs you. It is women
like you who make me comprehend the
Divine Miracle." He bent and kissed
the hand he held, lightly, reverently.
"Elise is wise in the choice of her friends,
as she is in other things. I could not
wish her a nobler comrade in a noble
work."
Afterwards it occurred to both that
this was a very unusual conversation to
have taken place in a ballroom, but the
man was the better for it, and as for the
girl, she felt that she had, in that brief
interchange of words, come very close to
the foot of the white stairway — had, in
fact, touched the highest point of person-
al happiness possible to her on earth.
And her heart sang a peaen of praise, a
hymn of gratitude.
"Ah, I have found you at last," cried
Mrs. Banks-Berry, breaking in upon
them, "Mrs. Natron has been organiz-
ing expeditions and sending them out in
search for you, Jack. She says you
promised to look after the dowager
duchess to keep her within bounds,
or, as she graphically puts it, help Sandy
McTavish corral her grace. Do go to
his relief. Do go to his relief, the 'puir
laddie's' about ready to collapse from
sheer exhaustion. The duchess is awful.
And Mrs. Natron is tearing her hair."
"Who's hair? the dowager's?"
"Don't be absurd! You know how
she toiled and struggled and contrived
to capture this corpulent specimen of the
British nobility to adorn her fete, and
now she is tasting the gall in the cup,
the bee-bread in the honey, so to speak,
for the duchess is worse than several
white elephants."
"Mrs. Natron is an idiot," cried Kath-
erine, laughing in spite of herself. "I
always suspected it, now I am convinced.
Who . was this woman before she mar-
ried a title? A mere vulgar nobody
whom not one of us would have hired as
a cook."
"Oh, that is all forgotten, she is some-
body now, and if Jack does not drop
your fan and fly to the rescue, poor
Sandy McTavish will faint in his tracks.
He is limp to the tips of his patent leath-
ers. The duchess is taking it out of him
savagely. She is like a caged hyena."
"Pray keep on, Kitty. You will soon
have a whole menagerie," advised her
brother, encouragingly. "Besides, your
account of the situation, thrilling though
it is, and offering, apparently, rare op-
portunities for display of heroic qualities
and self-immolation, does not fire me
with an ambition to relieve McTavish,
or to share his glory. I am far too com-
fortable where I am, to desire a change
of scene."
But a moment later Katherine was
carried off by a very young man with a
very pink camelia in his button-hole, to
match his very pink cheeks, presumably,
and the location behind the palm sud-
denly lost its charm.
"Serves you light," laughed his sister,
flitting away. "You needn't have been
so selfish."
However, he was in no mood to min-
gle in the gay crowd just then, and he
settled himself in the chair which Kath-
erine had vacated ar_d idly watched the
dancers gliding past like a kaleidoscope,
his eyes instinctively searching for Elise.
He always took a certain degree of
pleasure in her dancing, she was so
graceful, so light, and so exquisitely
gowned.
272
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
"She makes every other woman in the
.oom feel over-dressed the moment she
enters," complained Mrs. Banks-Berry
once, discussing this same matter of
clothes with Mrs. Corey. "I wish I
knew the secret of it. I spend twice as
much time and money and mental worry
on my toilet as she does, and yet — "
"It is not. so much what she puts on,
as the way she wears it," replied Mrs.
Corey. "Elise seems really never to
think about her wardrobe. I believe she
would look equally well in calico."
But in this Mrs. Corey was wrong.
Mis. Randolph did think o: her clothes
—and to good purpose, as was amply
proven by results. There are few wo-
men in the world who can afford to dis-
regard, or to tieat with indifference, the
very important matter of dress. What
to wear, and how to wear it, are two
questions of vital significance which pre-
sent themselves continually to the con-
sciousness of the sex. There is some-
thing morally wrong in the woman who
does not care how she looks.
Elise was not dancing tonight. She
had danced very little of late. "I no
longer care about it," she said when
questioned. Tt seems such a useless
waste of energy. I suppose I am grow-
ing too old to enjoy such a youthful
form of amusement."
It came to the Colonel, sitting there in
the shadow of the palm, listening to the
pulsing music of a Strauss waltz, that
his wife was not looking quite herself
that evening. Not that she was less
lovely — but there were weary lines about
her mouth, and a shadow in her eyes.
When he thought it over he remembered
that these lines and this shadow were be-
coming habitual, and, man like, he re-
sented the fact.
"It's that confounded slum business,"
he said savagely to himself. "I'll have 'to
step in and put a stop to it. She is work-
ing herself to death." Then his mind re-
verted to Katherine Farmer, and he took
comfort in the hope that she would help
to lighten the burden of Elise. It did
not occur to him to lend his own interest
and assistance. He had never intruded
upon the scene of his wife's most ardu-
ous labors. Reese Alley, with its swarm
of wretched humanity, was but a name
to him. He felt, indeed, that it was rath-
er fine in him not to interfere in any
way, or to impose restrictions upon her
in her reckless expenditures for charity.
He admired her extravagance in this di-
rection, was proud of it, and it gave him
a certain sense of satisfaction to hear her
everywhere praised and lauded for her
good works. But she was becoming so
absorbed, too oblivious to other obliga-
tions. He could not permit her to sacri-
fice her health, her youth and good looks
to an exaggerated idea of duty, and he
made up his mind then and there to tell
her so, and to insist upon a change that
would relieve her somewhat, if not alto-
gether, from the supervision of the club
or school, or whatever it was, that claim-
ed the larger part of her time every day,
in Reese Alley.
There was a faint streak of gray
widening in the east as the Randolphs
drove homeward from Mrs. Natron's
ball. Elise, white and weary with more
than bodily fatigue, leaned back in her
corner with closed eyes. Her husband-
reached his arm and drew her close, till
her soft cheek lay against his own.
"Poor girl!' he said, tenderly, "You are
worn out. I am going to take you away
from all this sort of thing for a while,
and give you a chance to get back your
color. You are growing positively hag-
gard."
She did not answer, but he caught the
sound of a stifled sob, and felt his cheek
wet with her sudden tears. "Darling!"
he cried in alarm. "What is it? What
have I said? You are weeping! Elise,
Elise, my love, forgive me, and tell me
what it is."
His loving solicitude seemed only to
open the flood gates wider. She leaned
upon his breast and let the storm of long-
pent emotion sweep over her, unchecked.
He had never seen her like this. She wa-
usually so self-contained, so sweetly mis-
tress of herself, and it frightened him.
Still he felt, instinctively, that it was best
to let her have her cry out before he
sought to inquire into the cause and
meaning of it.
"My own," he murmured, taking
her in his arms, as one would take a sob-
HIS OPPORTUNITY.
273
bing child, "My love, my sweet Elise!"
And soothed her thus with endearing
words and caresses till her passion had
spent its force, and she lay mute and
faintly trembling, like a white, rain-
drenched flower upon his breast. And
he, ignorant of the tragedy that had
been slowly and silently enacted in this
woman's life, during the two months just
passing, was destined not to know how
near to breaking had been the heart that
beat against his own, and how it had
been saved by the blessed balm of tears,
and washed clean of all its bitterness and
pain and sore distrust. In that culmi-
nating hour she forgave him, and he —
it was unknown to him that she had
aught to forgive. Arrived at home, he
lifted her from the carriage and carried
her into the house and up to her room.
The sight of her pale, tear-stained face
in the wan light, was like a reproach
which he felt, but could not comprehend.
What if she were to fall ill — what if — but
that thought was too awful to admit.
He realized, with a sudden gripping of
the heart-strings, how dear she was, how
necessary to his happiness — to his ex-
istence. He would not leave her — could
not — but sent the sleepy maid back to
her interrupted slumbers and ministered
to her wants with his own hands, and
did it as deftly and tenderly as any wo-
man could have done, so true a teacher
is love, and so sanctified is his service.
(To be continued.)
His Opportunity.
'By LUE VERNON.
EVERY one was glad about it, "every
one" being the motley collection
of struggling pressmen, artists,
spacewriters and others of even vaguer
description, who were gathered round
the boarding-house table, and the "it"
which rejoined them was the jubilant
expression on Dan's face.
For the last few days he had been
buried under one of those black clouds
of depression in which his delicacy peri-
odically involved him, but now apparent-
ly the cloud had burst, and there was
not a man present but was pleased at
the change, and who said so.
"Shure, an' it's an illigant fortune they
be after laving ye, Danny, me bhoy,"
shouted a friendly voice from the farther
end of the table. "Halves, Danny, dar-
lint, halves."
"You shut up, Mike. Mere fortune?
Pooh! it's fame. That's it, isn't it, Dan?
You've had the straight tip for some-
thing good."
"The planet is in a state of twinkle to-
night, eh, Dan?" put in a third voice.
"I drink to your success, old fellow."
"A toast! A toast!"
And then there was much laughter and
congratulation, while "Mother" Jen-
nings, the kindly proprietress, beat upon
the table with the butt end of the carv-
ing knife in a vain endeavor to quiet the
uproar.
The subject of the demonstration went
on quietly eating his dinner. He had a
thin, sensitive face, a shock of fair hair,
and dark eyes large and luminous, "like
a girl's," vowed his friends, who, watch-
ing the bright flush in his cheeks, were
apt to add their suspicions that Danny
Moore painted. He was nearing thirty,
but looked considerably younger, a fact
owing doubtless to his boyish, eager
manner of bestowing his confidences
upon all and sundry, and to his uncon-
querable optimism.
" 'O thou dread planet, Opportuni-
ty.' That is my favorite quotation," he
used to say. "I like to think what rot it
all is, don't you know? Dread planet!
What rubbish! Opportunity is a gift
from the gods, and I shall take precious
good care I don't lose mine."
The manliness of this remark and its
pathos were to be found in the slow tap,
tap of the heavy crutches on which Dan
swung himself along, but except in his
274
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
very dark moments he refused to see
how heavily handicapped he was in the
race of life, and stoutly affirmed that his
planet would shine on him at last.
"It's uphill work, for I can't persuade
the stubborn-headed asses in authority
that I have as much work in me as the
other boys," he occasionally explained;
"and so I only get odds and ends of
work. But that blessed old planet will
twinkle one of these days, never you
fear. 'O thou dread planet, Oppor-
tunity.' "
Tonight, as Sternhold had already
vociferated at the top of his voice, the
"twinkling" seemed to be an accom-
plished fact, and he and the rest of the
men, with plenty of whole-hearted af-
fection showing through the rough chaff,
began catechising him as to where and
how and why he didn't blurt it all out and
have done with it. Moore, laughing,
bubbling over with merriment, explained
that he couldn't. He had been especially
charged not to let the thing go farther
until — well, until. No, that did not
strike him as an incomnlete ending to
the sentence, for "until" might be taken
to mean — And, oh, well, bother them
all! He wasn't going to say any more.
"Look here, I'm off," he said pres-
ently. "You fellows would get it all out
of me in a jiffy, and I'm just bursting to
tell!" And reaching for his crutches he
swung out of the room, his fair face
flushed with the pain of movement, but
with the happiness of his wonderful se-
cret still shining in his eyes.
"There goes the best fellow in 'Frisco,"
declared one of his late tormentors, and
there was a universal chorus of assent.
Late in the evening a knock came at
his door. Moore, still dressed, was lying
on the bed, far too excited to try to
read, and he welcomed the interruption
gladly.
"That you, Blake? Come in."
"How did you know?"
"None of our own. boys have the de-
cency to knock. What brought you
here?"
"I came in for a game,'' said Blake.
He was lodging in rooms of his own a
street or two off, and when nothing more
exciting offered often dropped in at the
boarding-house for a game of cribbage.
"I heard you were in for a stroke of luck,
so I came up to congratulate. A man in
luck is a rare sight nowadays."
Dan Moore drew a long breath. "It
— it is just ripping. That's what it is.
I can't understand it," he declared.
"Here have I been saving and pinching
to make both ends meet, and swearing
to old Mother Jennings that it upset my
museum work if I came in for luncheon,
and almost crying with hunger for my
pains, and all the time my luck has been
coming nearer and nearer to me. I say,
Blake, what ungrateful fools we must
seem, eh, when everything has been
planned out for us?"
"You're a quaint fellow, Danny," said
Blake, after a pause. "Tell me all about
it."
So Dany told. He did not know very
much of this man, but there was a cer-
tain reticence and stiffness about him, a
dignity, as it were, both of mind and
body, which made him distinctive in this
crew of jovial Bohemians and impressed
the other man by virtue of its rarity.
"I did not tell the others, for it is sup-
posed to be kept dark at present, but you
are different," he said.
The great news did not take many
minutes to impart. A new art magazine
was to be started almost immediately,
and Moore was to be musical critic. He
was to go and see the editor at his pri-
vate house on the morrow, and then it
would be all definitely decided.
"Dear old 'Puff' said I was to mention
his name and the thing would be settled
out of hands," cried the exultant protege,
and even Blake was forced to own that
no introduction could be better, "Puff"
being the nickname of a very noted and
important man in the musical world,
whose critical opinion carried enormous
weight. "I am to see the editor tomor-
row at 5. It will be worth at * least a
thousand a year, and then just look at
the people I shall come to know. Why,
it will be the stepping-stone to any
heights — you just see if it isn't."
Here a thought struck him, and an odd
note of remorse crept into the bright
voice.
"What a mean fellow I am! I forgot
HIS OPPORTUNITY.
275
all about you, old man. It is the sort of
post you would like yourself, isn't it?
And here I am racing on like a
clumsy — "
"Not at all," interrupted Blake. "First
come, first served, is a fair sort of prov-
erb, and besides you haven't got it yet.
Well, good night, Danny; I must be off.
Look me up some night, won't you?"
and he went away, leaving the cripple
to pursue his roseate dreams.
The man who occupied the room un-
der his declared next day that it sounded
to him as if Danny had got up in the
middle of the night to be in plenty of
time for his appointment. Be that as it
may, the fact is duly authenticated that
he devoted the whole day for his prepa-
rations, and as these mainly consisted
in adorning himself for his visit the serv-
ices of the entire household were speedily
enlisted.
Such of them as a hard fate was tem-
porarily relegating to the ranks of the
idle, rose nobly to the great occasion.
Brown's new coat, by a judicious shift-
ing of the buttons, was pronounced a
perfect fit upon his friend's slender
frame, and when it was crossed by Mag-
gie's Sunday watchchain it really looked
very handsome indeed. His boots were
polished until they shone resplendent,
and at least five hats were brought to
him to choose from since his own left
much to be desired.
"And now we'll have a collection and
send round the plate for the hack.
You're too divine for a gurney. We
should have you mobbed. Eh, what,
Danny? Oh, nonsense; you can stand
us all round on your return, don't you
see? That's why we're worshiping the
rising sun."
For, of course, they had heard all
about it by now, had had promises made
them the fulfillment of which would have
taxed even a millionaire, and had given
it as their united opinion that in music
he was "tiptop," and no mistake, and
would speedily boss the whole blessed
show.
The unwonted luxury of the journey
was spoilt to him by a fear that he should
be too earlv or too late for the exact
hour — to wit, 5 o'clock — at which his
patron had suggested he had better call.
But when he had actually arrived and
had dismissed the hack his spirits rushed
up again mountains high.
"This way, sir. What name did you
say, sir?" and Moore was left to get five
minutes of alternate heat and cold in
tremulous anxiety.
At the end of that time an elderly,
busy-looking man came to inspect him.
"No, I'm not the editor. I'm his sec-
retary. But neither he nor I can make
head or tail of your note and the inclos-
ure from Dr. Hill. The doctor certainly
told us he would send us a man this
afternoon, but we have already seen
him."
"Seen him!" Moore was thunder-
struck.
"Certainly. Mr. ," he glanced at
one of the papers he had brought in with
him. "Mr. Edward Blake."
Danny's face twitched convulsively.
His upper lip was wet.
"The blackguard!" he burst out.
"But you haven't given it him, sir? He
hasn't got the position?"
"Certainly he has it. His testimonials
are excellent, and we were anxious to
oblige Dr. Hill." The secretary's tone
was impassive, though he scanned his
visitor curiously. "I am sorry if there
has been any mistake. I confess I don't
understand how it arose."
Danny Moore answered the man, hop-
ing dully the while that his agony of dis-
appointment was not shrieking at him
through the few broken words which
were all he could manage to utter. Then
he saw. the editor; saw, too, the papers
which bore witness to Blake's formal
engagement.
"Some other time, perhaps," the sec-
retary said blandly. He was thinking
they had secured the better man of the
two. "So sorry again. Good morning,
Mr. Moore — good morning."
But the editor merely shook hands and
refrained from meaningless consolation.
"I liked the look in his eyes, the grit
of them," he remarked, presently, being
new to his work, and consequently af-
fected by such things. "You mark my
words; that fellow will climb high one of
these days, if he doesn't starve first. I
wonder which it will be."
Special Offer to Our leaders.
We desire to call your attention to the
special announcement made on another
page of this issue, whereby we have ar-
ranged with the Press Publishing Asso-
ciation of Detroit, Michigan, to enable
our readers to participate in the distribu-
tion of the $25,000 in cash prizes, for
guessing the population of the United
States for 1900. You will do us a favor
by calling your friends' and neighbors'
attention to this remarkable offer.
The 'Pacific Coast.
When Columbus was besieging the
Courts of Europe something over 400
years ago, seeking aid to prove his great
inspirational theory a reality, the condi-
tions prevalent throughout the then-
known world were of the most fascinat-
ing and remarkable character. Men
were awakening from a sleep of ages.
Thought which had lain dormant
was aroused and whetted, and nations
were on the tip-toe of expectancy. Na-
ture had, as it were, brushed the cobwebs
from the minds of men, and they began
to see, to think, to investigate. What a
marvelous range their thoughts had!
The whole world of discovery and inven-
tion lay at their feet, and each month 01-
week or day was full of wonderful possi-
bilities. The Atlantic an untried and
unknown sea, America undreamed of — a
world to be discovered! The coming of
the Americas into the theatre of the
world's activities was like the undam-
ming of a great river. The tide of immi-
gration, the great movement of mankind
which had been pushing steadily west-
ward from the dawn of history, leaped
forward with a mighty rush. Men's
minds were sharpened, "inventions were
stimulated to a far greater degree than
ever before. A new world was to be peo-
pled; towns to be built; governments to
be established; riches to be had. Men
were to meet these conditions. A new
world! What an amazing, what a won-
derful prospect! Since that day men
have turned their faces westward and
pressed onward, though subjected to the
severest privations and hardships. The
history of the world has turned upon this
movement, a culmination of which we
see to-day. The West has touched the
East, and a movement of humanity older
than time, which has embraced no less
than the circling of the earth, has reach-
ed its climax. In respect of this move-
ment and its relations to the history arid
development of the world the Pacific
Coast occupies a unique and very impor-
tant place. Those who hold that this
Coast has been reserved by a Divine
Power for the development and perfec-
tion of the race have much, indeed, to
urge in favor of such a theory, if we are
to judge by what has been and what is.
For, we may argue, as the Children of
Israel were led through trials and tribula-
tions to a promised land, flowing with
milk and honey, so, through ages, has
the race of mankind been led to the
promised land for humanity where the
favorable conditions on earth obtain,
where great men and great states are to
come into being and the most perfect
race is to be produced — where the land,
the climate, the environment, the men,
are in perfect accord. This promised
land can be no other than the Pacific
Coast. We may believe this and we may
not, but whether or no we must feel that
here are found a harmony of climate,
soil, scenery, an environment such as no
other part of the world can boast, and
which must produce a great people and
great results for the social and political
elevation of humanity.
^ * >!=
In addition to the natural advantages
of climate and soil that contribute to the
development of a great race, the Pacific
Coast is favored with various and almost
OUR "POINT OF VIEW.
277
unlimited resources which must inevit-
ably build up here great world enterpris-
es. One of the most important of these
in developing the Coast has been the
gold that has been found since '49 in
such wonderful quantities in the rivers
and mountains of the Pacific Coast
states, and later in the frozen regions of
Alaska. The recent discoveries in East-
ern Oregon are bringing the Coast, still
further to the front as a great mining
center, and in view of this fact, beginning
with the May issue, the Pacific Monthly
will commence a department devoted to
mining. The new department will be
conducted along the most conservative
lines, and every effort will be made to
verify every report published. At this
time, when so many wild rumors are
floating around a department conducted
along such lines cannot fail to be of inter-
est and value to the mining fraternity, as
well as to the general public.
* * *
The Passing ofSMinisters,
Lawyers and ^Doctors.
Some unconscious wit has recently
said that, at our present rate of progress,
in thirty or forty years the world will be
so far advanced that lawyers, ministers
and doctors will be entirely unnecessary,
and can be dispensed with. It follows,
of course, that if by some unforeseen
circumstance the world should become
so circumspect that ministers were un-
necessary, the lawyers would have to go,
too. But if the legal fraternity is thrown
into a panic over the contemplation ot
such a calamity to mankind, and the
ministers are rejoicing at the near ap-
proach of the millennium the doctor will
never cry "Othello's occupation i?
gone!" The profound knowledge of
human nature displayed in the inclusion
of lawyers and ministers in such a cate-
gory fails here. It is conceivable, of
course, in thirty or forty long, long
years, judging by the past thousand, that
our courts might be evoluted away, and
that our lawyers might all become like
George Washington. This is conceiva-
ble, we sav. It is also conceivable if we
can stretch our reasoning power a trifle
more than we ever have before or ever
expect to again, that the world might in
the long period of time embraced in
forty years become so good and pure
that a reprimand or an exhortation or a
warning would be superfluous — that
ministers, in short, would be unneces-
sary. But that people will continue to
upset their digestions by irregular habits
and that the ills that flesh is heir to
will continue to afflict humanity is as
certain as death itself. "Accidents will
happen" and the surgeon will be in evi-
dence as long as there is a race upon this
green old earth. The weather will con-
tinue to change and the seasons v- 11
come and go. There is wherein the doc-
tor has the lawyer at a great disadvan-
tage, and the minister, too. It is only
a small matter of human nature with
them. Nature herself is on the doctor's
side, and this prediction, therefore, has
no terrors for him.
SMiss cAnthony.
Miss Susan B. Anthony, whose eigh-
tieth birthday was hailed as an event of
importance and made the occasion of
great rejoicing by suffragists everywhere,
as well as in the national convention in
Washington, is clearly entitled to all the
honorable recognition that her sex can
accord her. For whether or not we hold
with her in her belief that the political
enfranchisement of women would result
in untold benefit to the world in general
and the sex in particular, we must admit
that her work has gone far toward bet-
tering conditions and opening the way
to higher education for women. And
yet with it all there is an element of trag-
edy in the fact that she who for over
half a century has devoted her time and
energies to the advancement of women
has, willingly or otherwise, missed the
two things that make a woman's life
worth the living — wife and motherhood.
And all the honor an admiring world can
bestow cannot suffice to make up the
loss.
No friendship can flourish, no love can
flower and bear perfect fruit, that is not
firmly rooted in mutual faith and confi-
dence. The affection that is fed upon doubt
and distrust is doomed, inevitably and
surely, to a slow and painful death, often
involving the loss of all that makes life
worth the cost of living. Ruined hopes
and wrecked ambition, the high dreams
of youth, the noble aspirations of man-
hood, broken and blighted by the hand
that should have helped — alas, it is a
tragedy that is enacted again and again,
and we are too blinded by selfishness to
see and profit by the pain. Bound by
the petty restrictions of a self-imposed
standard to which we arrogantly demand
those about us to conform, we deny the
divine right of the individual to work out
his own salvation in his own way. We
forget that God is leading him, and cry
out impatiently:
"You must walk in the path I have
marked out for you, or you are eternally
lost! If you love me you will follow
where I lead."
We forget — perhaps, indeed, we have
never known, or fully realized, that love
that lives must be broad enough, and
deep enough, and trusting enough to ac-
cept things as they are, and by mere
force of loving faith, mold them to high-
est good. For love and friendship,
which is but another phase of love, if it
is real, if it is to last, must be able to
look beyond the present, must possess
the keenest of vision that can pierce the
veil of the future and behold the soul,
made perfect by the perils and pains
through which it has passed, unfolding
its wings for the long flight into eternity,
must be able to say, "Thy will, not
mine," and must, above all, have grace
to recognize the good that dwells in the
heart of man, and to believe unswerv-
ingly in the ultimate triumph of that
good.
The Divine Will works through hu-
man agencies. Every man is a part of
God, though not all are cognizant of the
. relationship. Every created thing bears
the impress of the Creator and is the
visible expression of His thought and
love, the love that gave a Christ to save
a world, a love that proved itself upon
the cross, that is today and forever the
only way of life that leads to heaven.
And human affection is enduring and
productive of happiness only when it
partakes of the nature of the Divine. Be-
ware of all friendships, beware of all
passions that draw you not nearer to
Christ.
Does the star of hope burn with a
steadier, whiter radiance? Is life's pur-
pose nobler, more clearly and definitely
outlined? Do you see, afar off, maybe,
but not inaccessible, upon the sunlit
mountain-top of fame and fortune, and
high endeavor the gleaming of the gates
of Paradise? Is the soul awed into silence
when it contemplates the glory of God,
and keyed to sweetest music when it
glimpses the possibilities and promises
that are waiting realization? Is your
heart so tender that the humblest of cre-
ated things appeals to you not in vain?
If you can answer yes to these ques-
tions, or to any one of them, then is the
love that calls itself yours real and last-
ing as time, a heaven-ordained posses-
sion of which nothing shall rob you.
There is no doubt or dread or question-
ing of the future, no more asking, "Shall
I win happiness, will I succeed?" The
happiness is already won, and it deepens
and intensifies as the days go by and
the months are woven into the shining
fabric of the golden years. Success is
yours, because, armed with faith and for-
tified by love, the possibility of failure
has shrunk to a faint film of mist which
vanishes before the kiss of the sun. You
are already climbing toward the heights
from whose radiant levels there is but a
step into heaven itself, and so beautiful
is the path by which you mount, so bor-
dered and lined with flowers, so blest by
THE SONG OF THE CHINOOK.
279
sweet companionship, that you only
know you are climbing by the ever-
broadening outlook, by the constantly-
widening horizon, and the increasing
splendor of the star, whose steady rays
shine down to light the way of your
never weary feet. Your eyes are opened
to behold the beauty in the world about
you. There is a warmer glow in the
sunset sky, a softer velvet on. the petals
of the rose. The music of the flowing
stream, the murmur of the wind amid
the branches of the trees, the song of
the birds and the fluting note of the
cicadae, all thrill you with a tenderness
akin to tears. Your soul lives in grati-
tude to God, and stands uncovered upon
the heights, among the stars, for love
has lifted you to rank with angels.
George §Mel<vin.
The Song of the Chinook.
i.
The mad Cbmook, born of the sea,
By a breath of the cold, salt air,
The God of the western winds is he,
When forth he springs from his ocean lair.
II.
The mermaid hides in her rock-bound cave,
As he upward leaps on the swelling tide,
While the heaving billows froth and rave,
As he onward bounds in boastful pride.
III.
He rises above the ocean's foam,
And over the rugged mountain flies,
Away from the tall cliff's lofty dome,
And the seagull's shrill echoing cries.
IV.
By wild mountain tarn or rippling rill,
He onward speeds with increasing might,
He sways giant trees by his strong will,
And kisses the ice king in his flight.
V.
When the earth is covered with snow and ice
And the frost king reigns on his white
throne,
The Chinook melts them all in a trice,
And winter's image away has flown.
VI.
When summer's heat scorches the fair earth,
And waving grain is bending low,
There come3 a sound of joy and mirth,
When the cool Chinook begins to blow.
VII.
A sudden puff, a warning gust,
The gentle breeze is now a gale,
A whirlwind wildly scatters dust,
The wind is mad as Banshee's wail.
VII T.
An echo of sounds that comes from afar,
The noise of the surf trampling the sands,
The booming of breakers on the bar,
The whispering of palms in other lands.
IX.
All this is told in the Chinook's song,
As he gaily hies o're land and sea,
And blows he weak or blows he strong,
The lord of all the winds is he.
X.
Oh. sea-born wind blow high, blow low,
Bring summer rain or winter's snow,
We give you a welcome warn and true,
When clouds are grey or skies are blue.
waukukti.
LIVING ON $25.00 A WEEK.
"No," remarked Narcisse, with decision;
"no young man of today can afford to marry
on a salary of $25 a week, or even $50; he
can't, in fact, afford to marry on a salary at
all."
"Why not?" I asked. I was surprised, for
I had heard of people living quite comforta-
bly and happily on less than the smaller sum
mentioned by Narcisse. In the interval that
elapsed between my question and his reply,
I ran over in my mind the list of my ac-
quaintances, hoping to find some recently
wedded couple among them whom I might
cite as a living contradiction to this sweep-
ing statement, but could think of none.
There were the C's., it is true, but they
were domiciled in a cheap boarding house
and could not really be said to be living.
Besides I remembered that I had met Mrs.
C, a few days before, on the street — such a
pretty girl, by the way, with a most be
witching dimple and a weakness for Gains-
borough hats — and I could not help noticing
that the braid was ripped off her fashion-
ably-cut skirt in two or three places, and
that one of her gloves had a hole in the
finger tip. Trifles, but they show the drift of
fortune. Clearly the C's. could not, under
the circumstances, be cited as an example of
"love in a cottage." Still, I was morally
certain that this ideal condition existed
comewhere, and I was about to make an-
other mental search for it, when Narcisse
answered my question.
"Because," he said with emphasis, and a
degree of feeling that rather startled me,
"because the girls of today are both selfish
and extravagant. They want everything, and
they want the best. Why," he cried, waxing
warmer, "it costs -more to keep a girl in hats
and handkerchiefs now than it cost a man
fifty, or even twenty years ago, to keep up a
handsome establishment, with carriage and
coachman thrown in. No; it is alas, too
true, no young man can afford the luxury of
a wife in this progressive age. unless he has
a settled income of practically unlimited
dimensions."
"Don't you think," I ventured timidly,
"that a young man's pride stands just as
much in the way of wedded happiness, as a
woman's extravagance? Do you know of any
instance among your own acquaintances,
where a girl has refused a worthy young
man, solely because his salary was inade-
quate to the support of a family in luxury?"
Narcisse considered a moment, regarding
me thoughtfully over the rim of his glasses
"No," he said at length, "I do not. for the
simple reason, probably, that none of my
acquaintances are foolish enough to ask a
girl under such circumstances."
Then you admit that the men of today
are either too selfishly proud, or too coward-
ly to venture."
"No, they are too cautious, and too wise.''
"I don't think that sounds any better, and
you haven't convinced me at all. On the
other hand, you have made it quite clear to
me that it is not woman's extravagance, but
man's selfishness and pride that stands in
the way of marriage in our day and age.
Any girl who loves a man well enough to
marry him at all, is perfectly willing to face
poverty and endure hardships for his dear
sake. The fashions may have changed since
our fathers wooed and won our mothers, but
the heart of woman is the same today, as it
was in those far, forgotten ages of which
the poets sing."
"Nonsense," cried Narcisse, "the twentieth
century woman will be born with that organ
missing from her anatomy."
But I know better than this and I am go-
ing to prove to Narcisse that two young peo-
ple can made and maintain a home on an in-
come of $25 a week or less, if they have any
inclination to do so. And I shall give yoa
my facts and figures in the May number of
The Pacific Monthly.
Oraarv.
* * *
THE LUNCH-BASKET.
The subject of luncheons for the little
ones attending school is not generally
given the thought and care it deserves.
Small toilers up the hill of knowledge
find the way a rocky one at best, and
need all the loving assistance that can
be given them. One help always appre-
ciated is a nicely prepared and neatly ar-
ranged lunch. A growing body and ac-
tive mind require proper nutriment. So
many mothers consider their duty in this
regard fully accomplished when they
have filled the little basket with bread
and butter and a slice or two of cake.
They cannot understand why the child-
ren are always so hungry when school
is dismissed; yet these same mothers
would not consider that they had lunch-
SONG.
281
ed.very satisfactorily off thick slices of
buttered bread, and a piece of cake not
overly fresh. To be convinced of how
unpalatable such fare becomes, it is but
necessary that this unvarying regime be
followed daily for one week. This ex-
periment would result in a general up-
heaval of the established rules of "put-
ting up" the children's lunch.
The object of this short article is to
show how one mother solved the prob-
lem. After much thought she decided
upon writing a weekly "bill of fare,"
which would rigidly exclude all rich pas-
try and unwholesome dainties. This was
changed every Monday, and a new one
substituted for the week. In the course
of one or two months the first one was
taken up again, and so on in rotation.
She found that knowing just what to
prepare was a great help, and that the
matter did not occupy more than fifteen
minutes any morning, sometimes not
more than five. Appended is her list for
one week:
Monday. — Egg sandwich, crackers,
tea-cakes, one small jelly-glass of canned
fruit. Tuesday. — Cold tongue, "patty"
cakes, bread and butter, one large apple.
Wednesday. — Cheese sandwich, layer
cake, cup custard, bread and butter.
Thursday. — Ham sandwich, buttered
crackers, one small glassful canned fruit,
bread. Friday. — Sliced beef, small pick-
les, thin bread and butter, apple, tea-
cakes. With this was always placed
carefully a small flask of milk, the whole
covered neatly with tiny napkins kept for
the purpose and marked "school." The
egg sandwich was prepared by mixing
one nearly hard boiled-egg with butter
to make a paste, and covering thin slices
of bread previously spread with a mix-
ture of butter and a dash of mustard.
The cheese sandwich was simply grated
cheese substituted for the egg paste,
with the bread prepared as before. (It
greatly improves any sandwich to mix
the desired amount of mustard with the
butter and spread it on the bread.) The
"patty" cakes and layer cake were pre-
pared at the same time from the follow-
ing simple recipe:
One egg, one cup of sugar, one table-
spoonful of butter, two teaspoonfuls of
baking powder, two cupfuls of flour, one
half cupful sweet milk. Flavor with
vanilla or lemon. This quantity made
four little cakes, baked in muffin-moulds,
for one lunch, and a two-layer cake
baked in a very small pan, about the size
of a saucer for the second. This layer
cake was varied by different fillings,
sometimes caramel, at others orange or
lemon custard. The cup custard was
made by beating one egg in a teacup,
sweetening, flavoring to taste and filling
the cup with sweet milk, stirring all
briskly and setting in the oven in a pan
of boiling water until done. She found
an apple was always enjoyed, and fre-
quently put in an extra one for recess.
Of course .these are but a few of her
ideas. It was a real pleasure to her to
find some suitable addition to the "bill of
fare." She felt amply repaid in the good
health of her children and their pride and
delight in "mother's lunches." — The
Interior.
Song.
Love came to me — till then I knew Love
not,
Love talked with me, ah me, what said he
not!
Words, glowing, hot like coals of living Are,
And eager kisses fed my soul's desire.
I looked above, there was no sky but Love;
His sheltering arms hid all around, above;
There was no time, no space, no sound, no
anything
That was not Love, for Love was every-
thing!
And when Love went — "It was not Lov^e"
they said,
"True Love is changeless as God's Holy
Word."
"Some evil one in Love's disguise," chey
said,
Had flattered me, had tired and fled.
I looked around, the earth was desolate.
I looked above, the very stars seemed dead.
I looked into my heart for hate — for hate —
But pity, weeping, lingered there instead.
Hilary Neil.
CONDUCTED BY DAVIS PARKER LEACH.
TO HAVE AND TO HOLD.
By Mary Johnston.
Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston.
It is the era of the historical novel, and
of all countries and ages. Roman,
Egyptian, Scandinavian, Spanish, Polish
and American romances follow each
other in quick succession, and the read-
ing public is in no wise the loser by this
change in style. On one hand we have
had the problem story, with its bitterness
lightly sugar-coated, and on the other
was the school of novelists who com-
pelled us to admire the consummate skill
with which they wrote much and said
nothing. So when the novel of incident
was revived, it found a ready and appre-
ciative audience.
In "To Have and to Hold" the time is
of the earlier colonial days of the Old
Dominion, when the colony was made
up of all sorts and conditions of men and
among the wives were many who had
been "imported" from England. Thrifty
traders had taken advantage of the situ-
ation and brought over maids by the
shipload, who were willing to exchange
a life of drudgery and dullness at home
for the freedom of the frontier and the
probability of becoming mistresses of
plantations. The traders demanded one
hundred and twenty pounds of tobacco
apiece for the brides, and the price was
eagerly paid by the lonely bachelors of
Virginia.
Among such a shipload was the hero-
ine of Miss Johnston's absorbing ro-
mance. Disguised as a serving-maid,
the Lady Jocelyn Leigh, ward of the
King, sailed to the new world to escape
marriage with Lord Carnal, the King's
favorite. When My Lord followed "in
pursuit on the next ship he found her al-
ready married to Capt. Percy, the hero
of the story, who is by far the most
knightly character in the fiction of today.
The attempts of Lord Carnal to have
the marriage annulled by the King, and
his plots to destroy the brave captain
make a series of highly dramatic events
that follow each other with great
rapidity.
It is of all things a novel of action
and in weaker hands might have become
melo-dramatic and sensational. Indian
wars and surprises, buccaneering, at-
tempted poisonings and assassinations
fill the pages of this good-sized volume,
and one wonders why Miss Johinson is
so prodigal of "material," as there is
sufficient here for several ordinary ro-
mances.
The reader's interest is secured in the
first pages, and as the plot unfolds he be-
comes so absorbed in the story that to
him the characters live again and the
scenes become an actuality.
Master Sparrow, the muscular preach-
er, Nantauquas, the son of Powhatan
and John Rolfe, of historic fame, figure
in the romance and are admirably de-
scribed by the brilliant young author.
This fascinating story is strong in
local color and it is easy to see that the
writing of it is a labor of love with Miss
Johnson, who has more than met the
expectations of her many friends made
bv her first romance, "Prisoners of
Hope."
* * *
BETWEEN CAESAR AND JESUS.
By George Herron.
Thomas Y. Crowell, New York.
The author, formerly professor in
Iowa College, has here presented in a
condensed form, the lectures given in
Willard Hall, Chicago, for the Christian
Citizenship League, upon the subject of
the relation of the Christian conscience
to the existing social system.
Perhaps in this country there are none
better qualified to speak upon this vitally
interesting topic than Prof. Herron. He
writes, with power and to a careless and
'BOOKS.
283
lethargic middle-class his words must
come with a startling force that com-
mands instant attention.
Charles Dudley Warner somewhere
says that all reform and education move-
ment must begin at the top and work
down, and it certainly is a good indica-
tion when so many of our brightest
minds have taken up the "poor man's
burden" when self-interest would seem
to point to more remunerative fields.
There is a tendency to fall back on the
teachings of Jesus as the true precepts of
life, and in attempting to apply these
teachings one finds himself confronted
with a state of affairs utterly at variance
with them. The growth of individualism
has been fostered until the theory of
"survival of the fittest" (or rather strong-
est) has been accepted without question,
and the old, evasive query of Cain : "Am
I my brother's keeper?" is confidently
answered in the negative.
The author has shown that the trouble
lies not in natural causes, but artificial,
and quotes a statistician who estimates
that "the state of Texas alone, if its re-
sources were all organized to that end,
could support the present population of
the world. Our inequalities are not in
nature, but they are in man's wasteful
perversion of nature, and we have given
into the exclusive ownership of the few
the provision that a bountiful Father has
made for all."
Prof. Herron treats the subject very
broadly, and marshals his array of facts
and deductions in a solid "firing line"
which is ever moving forward. 'Unlike
the majority of critics he sees the happy
solution of all these distressing problems
through the growth of man's love for his
fellow man. "Already human life is so
settled in discontent with all that is not
love, so glorious with brotherly feeling
and so active with saving forces, so near
to breathing the heavenly breath, and so
watchful for the holy city, that it may be
that the social crisis will open the gates
of the nations for the universal revolu-
tion of love, and the peoples enter upon
the strifeless progress of the ransomed
society. The full power of incarnate
love has never yet been tried, save in
Jesus. When it is finally tried, and we
in any considerable measure learn how
to love, the problem may vanish from
progress, and a thousand years of yester-
day be achieved in a moment of the con-
cord of tomorow."
It is, indeed, fortunate that the men in
the higher places have entered vpon the
work of the redemption of the masses,
for they will always command a respect-
ful hearing, while those from the toilers
find a limited audience and a reluctant
confidence.
No one can read this work and not be
impressed with the terrible earnestness
of the author, and as time goes on it will
be found that the seeds of reform have
not been sown on stony ground, but will
yield a glorious and golden harvest for
posterity.
* * *
GUIDE TO MEXICO.
By Christobal hidalgo.
Whitaker & Ray, San Francisco.
This guide-book, unlike most of those
already issued of this land of sunshine
and promise, is not, the author says,
"written in the interest' of railway nor
land company nor private party, but is
a guide that gives correct and reliable in-
formation about all sections of Mexico
and how to go there and secure desirable
homes or good situations."
The writer, as his name would indi-
cate, is a Mexican business man and ex-
porter, and while alive to the scenic and
climatic beauties of his native country,
never allows them to overshadow the
practical side in this handbook. He
takes up in detail the different industries
and their possibilities, and points out
what has impressed every observant
traveler and sojourner there, the vast
field for business enterprise that Mexico
offers. To those seeking employment
he shows the necessity of the Spanish
language, which, he asserts, can be ac-
quired in a few months by a diligent stu-
dent. Stenographers, bookkeepers,
clerks, salesmen, railroad men, etc., are
reasonably sure of positions if they have
a working knowledge of Spanish, but
common labor is not in demand at prices
that would be accepted by Americans.
The peons do all the work where unskill-
ed labor is required.
This Department is for the use of our readers, and expressions limited to six hundred words, are solicited
on subjects relating to any social, religious or political question. All manuscript sent in must bear the author's
name, though a nom de plume will be printed if so desired. The publishers will not, of course, be understood
as necessarily endorsing any of the views expressed.
THE RACE PROBLEM IN THE SOUTH.
The most serious problem confronting
any section of these United States to-
day is the race question of the South:
"What shall we do with the negro?"
Well-meaning philanthropists of the
North have answered: "Educate him.'*
Phenomenally intelligent, ambitious and
patriotic representatives of his own color
(of whom Booker Washington, of Tus-
kegee, stands easily first), have said:
"Train him to skilled labor."
Unquestionably both adjurations are
born of sincere conviction and Christlike
desire for the elevation of the race. But
the fact stares us in the face that after
years of patient trial the results from both
expedients are so sorely discouraging
that we must, perforce, look elsewhere
for a solution of the difficulty. The ne-
gro jas he is today is a roving, irrespon-
sible vagabond, more or less tinctured
with the rudiments of an education, and
saturated with self-importance and indo-
lence. He has the idea that, somehow,
the white man has grossly defrauded
him; and that he is, therefore, to be
cheated whenever possible, robbed when
it can be done with impunity, and treated
deferentially to his face only that he may
be the more easily overreached when
his back is turned.
A few negroes have taken high honors
in collegiate and professional work.
These are cited by enthusiasts as repre-
sentatives of their race. The sorry fact
is that the overwhelming majority of
those who attempt this sort of thing
never get beyond the idea that an edu-
cation means merely the right to wear
a grade better clothing and to spend their
time in more unquestioned idleness, and
the ability to use "words of learned
length and thundering sound." The
schools of manual training: are succeed-
ing somewhat better; but even here the
dominant idea of the negro of today
crops out; and their graduates, instead
of rejoicing in their ability to drive a
smoother plane, or to frame a neater joint
than their fellows, are consumed with an
ambition to become at a bound "boss"
carpenters, machinists, etc., to draw
large salaries and to exercise authority
and to loaf.
It has been argued that a grievous
blunder was made in committing the
elective franchise into the hands of the
colored man. With that question it is
not the purpose of this article to deal.
But whether or not the manumitted ne-
gro of thirty odd years ago should have
been vested with the- right to vote and
hold office (save in a reservation or col-
ony of his own), no man of intelligent
and honest mind, who will come to the
South and study the situation as it is to-
day, will claim that any good end can be
served by the exercise here of the elec-
tive franchise on the part of the negro of
today — take him as a race.
The old, plantation darky has disap-
peared. His faithful hands are folded in
the long rest he has so well earned ; and
the closing century swings shut over his
new-made grave beside that of the "ole
marster" he loved and served to the end.
He was a fixture. He had "a local hab-
itation and a name." Between him and
the white race was a bond of genuine af-
fection, which grew naturally out of their
mutual relations in his earlier years. _ It
is a gross mistake to insist upon applying
the same methods that might have oper-
ated satisfactorily in his case to the
wholly different and less responsible gen-
eration that has taken his place.
So much for the actual situation. The
remedv is more difficult to outline. Some
QUESTIONS OF THE 'DAY
285
•of the Southern states are, by statute, so
restricting the right to vote as to prac-
tically disfranchise the negro. The re-
sult is to complicate and aggravate,
rather than to allay, the trouble, which
has a social and economic as well as a
political bias. Transportation to Africa
has never succeeded to any extent, for
two reasons: First, because Africa has
nothing to offer that is really an induce-
ment to the negro to go there; and sec-
ond, because of the cost of wholesale
•transportation thither. To leave the ne-
gro where he is, is to invite inevitable
trouble ; for his growing disregard for the
laws of the land, and his increasing nu-
merical proportion to the white popula-
tion in many parts of the South, make it
merely a question of time when a race
war shall become inevitable.
Would it not be wise for Uncle Sam to
set apart a portion of our newly acquired
possessions, where climatic conditions
suit the negro, and where fertile soil and
semi-tropic productions offer him that
ease and smiling plenty so dear to the
African heart, and by statute compel the
transportation thither of all his race who
are not holders of real estate here at this
time? The cost of transportation would
be considerable, and would necessarily
be borne, as was the cost of removing
the red man to his reservations, by this
government; but it would be far below
the probable property loss in that inev-
itable conflict toward which we are drift-
ing as matters stand — say nothing about
the bloodshed that might be thus averted.
John Leisk Ta.it.
* * *
A DISTURBING FACTOR.
In a recent trade review this state-
ment is found: "The only disturbing
factor in the industrial situation is the
uneasiness in labor circles." This is de-
plorable! Just as everything that the
heart of the capitalist could wish for was
nearly accomplished this old and annoy-
ing trouble (like Banquo's ghost) must
make its appearance and be a "disturb-
ing" influence. The high tariff had
given him a practical monopoly of the
home market, enabling him to make the
consumer here pay two prices for his
goods, so that he could enter the markets
. of the world and dispose of his surplus
without loss. Later, by the formation
of trusts he could throttle competition
from small manufacturers and by over-
capitalization get large dividends from
watered stock representing capital which
never existed. Wars and threatened in-
ternational complications taxed the ca-
pacity of his works to the utmost and all
things seemed to be coming his way.
He then must be confronted with this
"disturbing factor" just as his cup of
happiness seemed to be full and over-
flowing! Is there no ^ way to prevent
these irritating recurrences of demands
for more wages? What if the cost of
living is twenty-five to thirty per cent,
more than three years ago? Think how
much better off he is than the peasant
of Europe or the coolie of Asia. And
how ungrateful and forgetful for the free
libraries and colleges that are being en-
dowed for him all over the country.
True, he may have to subsist on scant
food and wear insufficient clothing, but
what trifles these deprivations are com-
pared to the privileges of free institu-
tions where he can learn of the great ad-
vantages of living in this free and glori-
ous land. He even has the effrontery to
assert that he is worse off than the re-
tainers of feudal times and , the slaves
of the present century. He argues that
the baron guaranteed the poor a com-
fortable living for their services in up-
holding his supremacy, and that the ne-
groes were sure of enough to eat and
generally were cared for, if only from
motives of self-interest. At the present
time, he says, the capitalist has none of
the responsibilities and all the advan-
tages of those days of vassalage and
slavery. It is time for the workman to
understand that he must be counted as a
factor or machine, and not as a human
being in whom the manufacturer can be
expected to take any interest whatever
except (as has been previously stated) in
the improvement of his mind. If he is
still perverse and intractable, he should
be controlled by law, and strikes against
the reduction of wages in dull times or
petitions for an increase in periods of
prosperity should be made criminal of-
fenses. Then, and not till then, will the
industrial millennium come and the "un-
easiness in labor circles" cease to be a
"disturbing factor." L. 'Davis .
A DEPARTMENT OF MUSICAL AND DRAMATIC CHAT.
The coming of Paderewski to the
Northwest so soon after Gadski's visit is
quite conclusive evidence that we are no
longer a people isolated upon the far-off
edge of the world. As the globe has
contracted under pressure of steam and
electricity, the West has increased in
wealth, population and importance to
the extent that the great ones of the
earth, the musicians, the singers, artists
and actors find it well worth their while
to cross a continent in order to entertain
and charm, if they can, the most self-con-
tained and conservative community un-
der the blue dome of heaven. Pade-
rewski's star is still in the ascendent,
likewise the scale of prices. It costs one
nearly as much again now, to hear him
play and to admire his hair as it did
three years ago. This man understands
human nature quite as well as he under-
stands music. The man is a genius —
the world admits it, but he is something
more, something which the world, blind-
ed by its adoration, fails to comprehend.
Vladimir de Pachman, not unknown
to Pacific Coast audiences, modestly ad-
mits that he is not a "finished artist." Of
Godowsky he says:
"Yes, I have mastered the tech-
nique of Liszt and of Rosenthal, but
Godowsky is greater than all the others.
He is a genius. I worship him."
* * *
Rosenthal, by the way, is now in Lon-
don, where he is announced as the "fast-
est piano player in the world." How-
ever, it is a difficult matter to shock the
British public.
* * *
The Kneisels are delighting Boston
audiences at present with their fairy
music that is so like the orchestral con-
certs one hears when the world is sleep-
ing.
* * *
The Oratorios, "Saul," and "Judas
Maccabaeus" will be given at the Handel
festival to be held in Bonn during the
last week in May. The principal choirs
in Bonn will be assisted by choristers
from neighboring cities, and all South-
ern Germany is actively interested in the
production of the master's works.
* * *
The London Crystal Palace concerts
which take place this month offer a nov-
elty in the form of a symphony entitled
"Walt Whitman." It must be heard, I
think, to be comprehended, that is, if it
is capable of comprehension to any but
the initiated. A Walt Whitman sym-
phony is something to be wondered
about, but to hear — — !
* * *
"The Master of the Mountains" is
rather an impressive title for an opera,
and inspires one with a desire to hear
and see. Ignance Brull has chosen it for
the name of his just-finished work.
* * *
"I Plucked a Quill from Cupid's
Wing" is the charmingly-suggestive title
of a new song by Henry K. Hadley.
* * *
"The Storm," now being played in
Boston, is the first Russian drama to have
been translated into English and put up-
on the American stage. Alexander Os-
trovsky, who is the author of it, is con-
sidered the greatest of Russian plav
writers.
* * *
Ernest Seton-Thompson is popular
among the children who flock to his lec-
ture?, and who love and understand the
leathered and four-footed folks le talks
about so entertaininglv. He is con-
stantly receiving letters from little child-
ren all oyer the country asking questions
and telling him their own experiences
with the people he has put into his
books. He answers these letters and
seems more pleased to talk to these
young ones than to their elders.
In Politics —
The unexpected announcement of Ad-
miral Dewey that he is a candidate for
the Presidency has been the all-absorb-
ing topic in politics during the month.
In view of the Admiral's previous un-
compromising attitude, it is not surpris-
ing that the announcement has been re-
ceived at this time in a very ungracious
manner by the press throughout the
country. Republican and Democratic
editors unite in condemning the candi-
dacy as ill-advised and untimely. It is
expected at this writing that Dewey will
be the candidate of those Democrats,
who are opposed to Bryan and the prin-
ciples he espouses. It is a foregone con-
clusion that Bryan will be nominated at
the Kansas City convention, July 4, and
that McKinley will be placed by accla-
mation at the head of the Republican
party. The only elements of uncertain-
ty seem to be the attitude of Dewey to-
ward the action of the Democratic con-
vention, and who will be the nominees
for the Vice-Presidency, an office which
is going begging.
* * *
The Puerto Rican Bill passed the Sen-
ate by a vote of 40 to 31. Opposition
to the bill has been more universal and
persistent than that which has developed
in the case of any other bill before Con-
gress during the last decade.
* * *
President McKinley has appointed a
new Philippine Commission as follows:
Prof. Dean C. Worcester, of Michigan;
Tudge Taft, of Ohio; Luke Wright, of
Tennessee; Judge Henry C. Ide, of Ver-
mont, and Bernard Moses, of the Uni-
versity of California.
% >jc *
On March 5 Presidents Kruger and
Steyn made overtures for peace to Lord
Salisbury. The complete address and
the important part of the reply are given
below :
The blood ar>ri +v>e tears of the thousands
who have suffered in this war and the pros-
pect of the moral and the economic ruin with
which South Africa is now threatened make
it necessary for both belligerents to ask
themselves, dispassionately and in the sight
of the triune God, for what they are fighting,
and whether the aim of each justifies all the
appalling misery and devastation.
With this object, and in view of the asser-
tions of various British statesmen to the ef-
fect that this war was begun and is being car-
ried on for the set purpose of undermining
her majesty's authority in South Africa and
to set up an administration over all of South
Africa independent of her majesty's govern-
ment, we consider it our duty to solemnly
declare that the war was undertaKen solely
as a defensive measure to safeguard the
threatened independence of the South Afri-
can republics, and is only continued in order
to secure and safeguard the incontestable in-
dependence of both republics as sovereign
international states, and to obtain the assur-
ance that those of her majesty's subjects who
have taken part with us in this war shall
suffer no harm whatever in person or in
property.
On these conditions, and on these condi-
tions alone, are we now, as in the past, de-
sirous of seeing peace re-established in the
South African republics and of putting an
end to the evils now reigning over South
Africa. While her majesty's government is
determined to destroy the independence of
the republics, there is nothing left to us and
to our people but to persevere to the end in
the course already taken.
In spite of the overwhelming pre-eminence
of the British empire we are confident that
the God who lighted the inextinguishable fire
of love of freedom in the hearts of ourselves
and of our fathers will not forsake us, but
will accomplish his work in us and in our
descendants.
We have hesitated to make this declaration
earlier to your excellency, as we feared that
as long as the advantage was on our side,
and as long as our forces heid defensive po-
sitions far in her majesty's colonies, such a
declaration might hurt the feelings and the
honor of the British people. But now that
the prestige of the British empire may be
considered to be assured by the capture of
one of our forces by hex majesty's troops,
and that we were thereby forced to evacuate
other positions which our forces had occu-
pied, that difficulty is over and we can no
longer hesitate clearly to inform your gov-
ernment and people, in the sight of the whole
civilized world, why we are fighting and on
288
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
what conditions we are ready to restore
peace.
The conclusion of Lord Salisbury's
address:
The British empire has been compelled to
confront an invasion which has entailed 'ip-
on the empire a costly war and the loss of
thousands of precious lives. This great ca-
lamity has been the penalty which Great
Britain has suffered for having in recent
years acquiesced in the existence of the two
republics.
In view of the use to which the two repub-
lics have put the position which was given
them and the calamities which their unpro-
voked attack has inflicted upon her majesty's
dominions, her majesty's government can on-
ly answer your honors' telegram by saying
that they are not prepared to assent to the
independence either of the South African Re-
public or of the Orange Free State.
* * *
In Science —
Emperor William has offered a prize
of $20,000.00 for an automobile best
adapted for war purposes.
* * *
A motor fire engine is in use in Paris.
It travels thirteen miles an hour, and
carries six men.
, * * *
The double-turret system on the
"Kearsarge," which was recently tried at
Newport News, has, on the whole, prov-
en a success.
The French Academie des Sciences
offers annual prizes for inventions or im-
provements of instruments useful in ag-
riculture, the sciences, or mechanical
arts, and to authors who have contribut-
ed to progress in astronomy, physics,
chemistry, geology, etc.
* * *
In Literature —
"Our Native Trees, and How to Iden-
tify them," is the title of a book soon to
be published by Scribner's. It will be
out in time for summer reading and is
written by Harriet L. Keeler, who deals
with her subject in a popular fashion,
and not scientifically. There are nearly
two hundred full--page illustrations, and
one can readily "identify" old friends,
and make new ones, among the trees, by
means of this book.
* * *
Sir Walter Besant has written another
story of social work in the slums of Lon-
don, and Dodd, Meade & Company are
bringing it out. It is the result of the
author's own experience in a London set-
tlement, and is said to be a degree more
interesting than anything he has hitherto
produced, though one always feels that
Besant's social studies are made on the
ground, from actual contact and obser-
vation, not drawn from books, or gath-
ered at second-hand.
There are two distinctly interesting
features about the new book which
Doubleday & McClure are bringing out
for Mary E. Wilkins. First, it is to be
illustrated by Frank DuMond, and sec-
ondly, it is not a New England story, but
a southern one, which means, of course,
that it is to be warm and glowing and
tender, in direct contrast to the cold,
hard angularity which has hitherto char-
acterized all that she has written.
* * *
Robert Burns is made the central fig-
ure in the novel which is to be published
soon by Scribner's. The author's name,
Alan McAulay, is comparatively un-
known to the American public. The
title of the book is to be "The Rhymer,"
and it is said to be a "charming ro-
mance" in which the character of the
"great master of the pen and plough," is
portrayed with vivid, and, let us hope,
tender touches. It would be hard to for-
give a novelist, however famous, who
wrote with an irreverent or unkindly pen
of this "sad sweet singer" who kneeled
A stranger at his own heartstone;
One knowing all, yet all unknown,
One seeing all, yet all concealed.
* * *
Mr. William Ordway Partridge, the
sculptor, has written a novel entitled
"An Angel of Clay." It is a story of
artist life in New York, and will be pub-
lished by the Putnam's. There is
little of the conventional Latin quarter
flavor about it. In fact, it is remarkable
for a lofty and almost Puritanical tone.
Another new book soon to appear is by
the author of that morbid and hopelessly
depressing story "The Descendant," and
is to be called "The Voice of the Peo-
ple." It is sincerely to be hoped that
she has made the "people" speak in a
THE mONTH.
289
more cheerful and healthful fashion than
"The Descendant" had it in him to do,
else they had best remained dumb.
* * *
Harper's Monthly celebrates its fif-
tieth anniversary in May. Two volumes
each year brings the number up to one
hundred. The May edition will be some-
thing out of the ordinary. Zangwill,
Kipling and, of course, W. D. Howells,
will appear. The latter has written for
this number a dramatic piece of fiction
which is said to be something after the
style of Maeterlinck. The title is "Fath-
er and Mother: A Mystery.'
* * *
The discussion as to the relative merits
of the three Colonial novels, "Janice
Meredith," "Hugh Wynne'' and "Rich-
ard Carvel" still goes forward with so
much animation that one may be par-
doned for suspecting interested publish-
ers of having a hand in it.
* * *
In Art—
The complete list of works in oil, wat-
er color and pastel for the American dis-
play at the Paris Exposition has finally
been issued. There are altogether one
hundred and sixty-nine pictures. Ed-
mund C. Tarbell has two of these, "The
Venetian Blind," and "Across the
Room." John S. Sargent has one, and
George Inness, no longer living, is rep-
resented by three beautiful landscapes.
Kenyon Cox will have his "Pursuit of
an Ideal" and William Chase is lucky
enough to have three canvasses accept-
ed. There is to be one, and only one,
Mural painting in the United States
building in Paris. This is a symbolic
work of America, by Robert Reid, and
was very hurriedly executed. It is in
high lights and colors and is considered
very effective.
* * *
In Religious Thought —
Father L. L. Conrady, for eight years
a priest on Molokai, where Father Dam-
ien gave his life to the service of the lep-
ers, has graduated from the medical de-
partment of the University of Oregon,
and is going at once to Canton, China, to
take charge of a colony of sixty thous-
Sooner or Later
You must read what we have to
say here, and sooner or later you
must think about it, but
What is the sense
of putting it off, and tramping
around in agony with a corn that
makes life miserable?
If you have a corn
and nearly everybody has — 3'ou
know what it means to suffer. We
simply want to tell you how to
secure relief. You can take ad-
vantage of it or not, but if you
do what we recommend, we guar-
antee you will get relief — that the
corn will be entirely removed, and
a clean white skin left in its place.
We have experimented
a great many years to achieve this
result. One thing will do it. We
don't know of anything else that
will. You are interested in know-
ing what will. It is
THE WILLAMETTE CORN CURE
A Clear and Colorless Fluid.
It voill positively remove corns, and
leave natural skins in their places. It
sells for 25 cents a bottle {as reason-
ably as it can be made), and if you
are tortured with a corn and will give
our cure a trial, you vjill find that
vjhat vje say is a simple fact,
BOERICKE & RUNYON,
303 Washington St.,
Portland, Oregon.
WHEN WRITING OR PURCHASING, MENTION THE PACIFIC MONTHLY
290
THE PACIFIC 8M0NTHLY
and lepers. He is already well along in
years and his medical course was taken
solely with a view of better fitting him-
self for the work among these afflicted
people.
* * *
The Bookman seems to be of the
opinion that the Atlantic Monthly made
a mistake in refusing to publish Father
Brosnahan's reply to President Eliot's
article which was published in its pages,
and in which the head of Harvard plead-
ing for the extension of his elective sys-
tem to the secondary schools, criticized
somewhat severely the Jesuits. The rev-
erend father has had his rejected reply
printed in a little pamphlet and is send-
ing it everywhere, and it is remarkably
well written and clear and able as to ar-
gument, it is attracting a great deal of
attention.
* * *
The Sunday observance agitation has
already begun with reference to the
Paris exposition, and our Government is
asked to see to it that the United States
building is closed on Sundays.
* # *
In Education —
The German Reichstag has declined
to consider the petition for the admission
of women to matriculation in the Ger-
man universities, and to undergo state
examinations. The French Senatorial
Committee has reported favorably a bill
for admitting women to join the bar.
* * *
An American school will be establish-
ed in Palestine.
* * *
Leading Events —
March 1. — Kentucky Legislature appropri-
ates $100,000 to be used in detecting the as-
sassin of Goebel. — Government received $7 -
892,793.00 more than it spent during Febru-
ary.— Boer attacks on Mafeking repulsed.
March 2. — Buller reports Ladysmith dis-
trict cleared of Boers.
March 3.— Strike in Chicago, and 60.000
men out of work. — Boer prisoners captured
by Roberts number 4,666 men.
March 4. — Gold reported to be found in
great quantities at Eagle City, Alaska.
March 5. — Sir Hicks-Beach estimates the
total cost of the South African war for Eng-
land to be about $300,000,000.
March 6. — Social Democratic party begins
its sessions in Indianapolis.
COLUMBIA
CLEVELAND
and HARTFORD
.. Bicycles ..
Are the BEST BICYCLES possible to be
had for the money.
They Give Satisfaction.
PRICES 1900 MODELS:
Columbia Chainless
Cleveland Chainless
Columbia Chain
Cleveland Chain
Hartford Chain
Pennants Chain
$75.00
7500
50.00
$40.00 and 50.00
35.00
25.00
Columbia Model No. 65, $75.
Columbia Coaster Brake furnished on
Columbia and Hartford Bicycles,
both chain and chainless,
$5.00 extra.
Good live agents wanted in all ut: occupied terri-
tory of Oregon, Washington.Idaho and Montana.
J*
American Dicycle Co.
Portland Branch Pope Sales Dept.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
T9999999999 »»»»9»*»»»»»»»»M«ff
THE MONTH.
291
March 7. — Orders sent to Otis to begin
sending troops home from the Philippines —
Samoan treaty is ratified.— General Roberts
turns Boers' flank at Modder River, and they
retreat.
March 8. — A member of the cabinet defines
President MeKinley's position on the Puerto
Rican tariff bill.— The Theatre Francis, the
historical playhouse of Paris, is burned.—
Roberts advances 10 miles nearer Bloemfon-
tein.
March 9. — The Filipinos resume active op-
erations against American army, and gener-
als ask for reinforcements.— Hay-Pauncefote
treaty amended so as to give United States
right to defend canal in case of war. — Salis-
bury rejects Kruger's peace terms.
March 10.— Kentucky situation again be-
comes critical by attempts to arrest two Re-
publican officials in connection with Goebel
murder. Officials escape.
March 11. — British advance on Bloemfon-
tein continues.— Officials charged with com-
plicity in Goebel case are arrested, and sent
to Louisville for safe keeping.
March 12.— At the request of the Boers,
Unued States tenders its good offices in be-
half of peace between England and Trans-
vaal.
March 13.— Ray, chairman of house judic-
iary committee, prepares a constitutional
amendment, giving Congress power to re-
press and regulate trusts.— England refuses
intervention in South Africa.
March 14. — General French reaches Bloem-
fontein.— United States exported $26,000,000
more goods in February, 1900, than in Feb-
ruary, 1899.
March 15.— President McKinley signs gold
standard bill.— English army enters Bloem-
fontein.
March 16. — Attempt is to he made in Chi-
cago to organize a grave-diggers' union, and
to accept for burial only union-made coffin?!.
March 17.— Free State forces are disinte-
grating rapidly. Boers disheartened.
March 18.— The new warship Kearsarge is
tested. — Manila becomes center of Filipino
plotting.
March 19.— United States Supreme Court
sustains anti-trust law of Texas in a Stan-
dard Oil case.— $1,000,000 worth of supplies
are needed for troops in Philippines.
March 20.-5,000 deaths are reported in
India from Bubonic plague during week
just passed. — Conference committee on
Puerto Rican bill reaches an agreement.
March 21.— Ratification of Franco-Ameri-
can reciprocity treaty is extended one year.—
Reported that negotiations are being made to
end South African war. Lull in hostilities.
March 22.— Mexico invites delegates to
Pan-American Congress to meet in that coun-
try.— Boers report defeat of Gatacre.
March 23.— A delegation of Kentucky Re-
publicans call upon the President.— The Car-
negie-Frick case is settled in Pittsburg —
Boers force Plumer to retreat.
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ +♦**
^.B.STEINBACH&CO.
Largest Clothiers
IN THE NORTHWEST.
4 Corner Fourth and Morrison Streets
i Portland, Oregon.
»+♦+♦♦♦♦♦»♦+♦♦♦ t»»»» ♦+♦+♦♦♦+♦♦
f Amongst the
I minor ills of life
One of the 'very worst is laundry cwork
that is badly done. It not only uses up
the cloth rapidly, but it destroys the tem-
per and gives one an unsatisfactory ap-
pearance Tvhere finish is most needed &
Starched linen collars, shirts and cuffs
must be unquestionably immaculate, done
with no risk, a certainty as to result.
THE UNION LAUNDRY
has come to represent this to men <zvho
make any effort at all to dress 'well. Those
'who have not tried us 'mill find that it 'will
pay them to do so. Send a postal or tele-
phone, and ive 'will call.
UNION LAUNDRY COMPANY,
53 Randolph Street.
Telenhones \ Columbia 5042.
lelephones j Oregon, Albina 41.
♦♦♦♦♦♦«»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦»»»♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
S* G* Skidmore & Co*
Cut-Rate
Druggists
We give special attention to Prescriptions and
the selection of High Grade Bristle Goods.
151 THIRD STREET
Portland, Oregon
►♦+♦+♦+♦♦
The Financial World
CONDUCTED BY DOWNING, HOPKINS & CO.
While the new financial law has been
under debate, or at least under observa-
tion since last December, Wall street
rather singularly awaited its enactment
before it accorded the measure any ma-
terial degree of attention. Yet, ever
since the recommendations contained in
the President's message to Congress, the
most trustworthy Washington informa-
tion has been to the effect that the bill
would be finally enacted on the substan-
tial lines it had been reported by the
Senate Finance Committee. It is cus-
tomary to say that Wall street always
discounts expected events, but here is a
striking instance .in which the provisions
and bearing of the bill were virtually ig-
nored until it went into actual operation.
Having realized the importance of the
new law, Wall street is now disposed to
.accord it the first place in current esti-
mates, and it has, beyond question, play-
ed a considerable part in the month's
revival of animation. Many competent
persons who have considered the meas-
ure comprehensively are still disposed to
question whether current ideas as to the
extent of the inflation of the currency to
fallow its operations will be fully real-
i|ed. It is still too early to speak, with
a#iy great certainty in this regard. Still,
t$e circulating medium of the country
^ill imquestionably be increased, and,
fof^tlfiftime being, at any rate, it is evi-
$e"ftr~trrit'*the Treasury will disburse a
|ufficre"ht afiiount in commutation of the
premWn ofcthe refunded bonds to offset
5s excess receipts from the customs and
Revenue laws. '. t
♦ There is one aspect of the new law to
Jvhich scant attention has been paid, but
lyhich is likely to have as much bearing
«pomifie market, for securities, and par-
ticularly for investment securities, as the
pther featiir.es. Qiwhich more sensational
Jesuits haveHbferf; expected. Reference
% had to then'rHlmrJPing of the old 3, 4
artd 3'{***uefttfee»4<»in 2 per cents. Of
TEL. COLUMBIA 238.
Frank E. Ferris, D. D. S.
Raleigh Building,
N. W. Cor. Sixth and Washington Sts.
PORTLAND,
OREGON.
Health^L^
t
Happiness t
THE GREAT BOOMS
OF HUMANITY
Depend upon what you eat. Scientifically
prepared foods are made for those who think
about these things — those who wish to
Be Well
Stay Well
Feel Well
GRANOLA, GRANOSE, CARAMEL
CEREAL, GLUTEN and NUT FOODS
are some of the scientific specialties manu-
factured by the Portland Sanitarium Health
Food Co.
These foods are the result of over a quarter of
a qentury of patient experiments, and have
proved by years of use at the Sanitariums and
other large medical institutions to be the most
needed by the human system. Send for our
booklet (free) telling all about them.
PORTLAND SANITARIUM,
Portland, Oregon.
THE FINANCIAL WORLD.
293
course the bill contains no mandatory
features in this respect, and no holder of
the old bonds can Be compelled to ex-
change into the new 2 per cents against
his will. At the same time, the 5 per
cent bonds, of which there are $100,000,-
000 outstanding, mature in 1904, the 4
per cent bonds, amounting to $559,000,-
000, mature in 1907, while the 3 per
cents, amounting to over $198,000,000,
are redeemable in 1908. Upon maturity
of these bonds their holders will have no
option except to sell or refund. There
is, herein indicated, a tremendous dis-
lodgment of invested capital, a very con-
siderable part of which, at least, will un-
doubtedly find its income heavily re-
duced, and which will be forced to seek
investment in other securities furnishing
higher returns, even if of smaller securi-
ty. It is fairly certain, however, that
the bonds to be refunded, now held by
the larger class of investors and by the
great investing corporations, will be ex-
changed into 2 per cents, while of course
it is highly profitable for the national
banks to make the transfer it is also
profitable for the new national banks
now organizing so rapidly to purchase
the bonds and take out new circulation
based thereon.
The material progress making toward
the conclusion of the war in South Af-
rica has stimulated the London market
and has caused operators there to take a
more favorable view, not only of their
own securities but of American shares.
Still, communication with Johannesburg
has not yet been reopened, and until that
has been accomplished, and until it is
possible to recall home a large part of
the British forces in Africa, the general
situation is still deprived of an altogeth-
er definitely favorable financial bearing.
Domestic and foreign trade conditions
may still be placed unequivocally on the
side of the market stability and improve-
ment usually associated with this season
of the year may be counted upon.
* * *
Oh, hold this truth, the poet sings,
Hard to your heart and cherish it,
And may it lend your spirit wings
To soar from darkness unto light,
For truer truth was never writ:
From evil some good always springs;
And dawn must always follow night.
#*****************************
CHRYSANTHEMUMS
CARNATIONS j»j»j»j»
ROSES and VIOLETS
Finest Quality
at Reasonable Prices.
CLARKE BROS.
259 Morrison St.
MENTION THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
******************************
School of Languges
LOUIS BACH,
521 MARQUAM BUILDING.
FRENCH
GERMAN
Individual or Class Instruc-
tion, Day or Night.
% SPANISH
JJ LATIN
J TFRMS— $2.75 a month for one person,
4$ one lesson of one hour a week; $1.50 each a
m month for two or more persons.
******************************
STENOGRAPHIC WOflK
OF ALL KINDS DONE
ON SHORT NOTICE.
735 Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Oregon
Bancroft
LIBRARY
CONDUCTED BY E. C. PROTZMAN.
Professor Huxley's Views of Chess.
In the article on "A Liberal Education" in
{he first volume of "Lay Essays," he says:
"Suppose it were certain that the life anil
fortune of every one of us would, one day or
other, depend upon his winning or losing a
game at Chess. Don't you think we should
all consider it to be a primary duty to learn
at least the names and the moves of the
pieces; to have a notion of a gambit, and a
keen eye for all the means of giving and gat-
ting out of check? Do you not think that we
should look with a disapprobation amount-
ing to scorn, upon the father who allowed
his son, or the state which allowed its mem-
bers, to grow up without knowing a Pawn
from a Knight? Yet it is a very plain and
elementary truth, that the life, the fortune,
and the happiness of every one of us, and,
more or less, of those who are connected
with us, do depend upon our knowing some-
thing of the rules of a game infinitely more
difficult and complicated than Chess. It is a
game that has been played for untold ages,
every man and woman of us being one of the
two players in a game of his or her own. The
Chess-board is the world, the pieces are the
phenomena of the universe, the rules of the
game are what we call the laws of nature.
The player on the other side is hidden from
us. We know that his play is always fair,
just, and patient. But also we know, to our
cost that he never overlooks a mistake, or
makes the slightest allowance for ignorance.
To the man who plays well, the highest
stakes are paid with that sort of overflowing
generosity with which the strong shows de-
light in strength. And one who plays ill is
checkmated — without haste, but without re-
morse. My metaphor will remind some of
you of the famous picture in which Retzsch
has depicted Satan playing at Chess with
man for his soul. Substitute for the mock
ing fiend in that picture a calm, strong angel
who is playing for love, as we say, and would
rather lose than win — and I should accept it
as an image of human life."
* * *
A Steiniiz-Lasker Game.
G-iuoco
Piano.
Steinitz.
Lasker
White.
Black
1
P— K 4
1 P— K 4
2
Kt— K B 3
2 Kt— Q B 3
3
B--B 4
3 B— B 4
4
P— B 3
4 Kt— B 3
5
P— Q 4
S P x P
fl
P x P
0 B— Kt 5 ch
ttttMttttMM *6±***tttt&6tt%*
Umbrella Rust
We are the inventors and ONLY man-
ufacturers of an anti-rust umbrella frame,
the only frame suitable for this climate.
We are asked if it pays to have an
umbrella re-covered. The only answer
is, if you have a good frame it will pay
you. But many times after you have
had your umbrella re-covered the frame
gives way on top, the rust having eaten
away the eye of the ribs and the cover
is destroyed. Our anti-rust frame over-
comes this.
We carry the largest assortment of
Umbrellas, Parasols and Handles in the
city. We handle this line of goods ex-
clusively.
ALLESINA'S
309 Morrison Street
Phone Grant 276. Opp. P. O.
«^-^j&^.j^&^^.^
t99999999999
»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
System Points the Path to Success. 1
The Wabash-Rival Card Index
is a necessity in every well regulated office.
THE KILHAM STATIONERY CO.,
OFFICE OUTFITTERS,
267 Morrison St., Portland, Or., Sole Agents.
►♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦<
CHESS.
295
7
Kt— B 3
7
K Kt x P
8
Castles
8
B x Kt
9
Px B
9
P— Q 4
10
B— R 3 (a)
10
P xB (b)
11
R— K sq
11
P— B 4
12
Kt— Q 2
12
K— B 2
13
Kt x Kt
13
P x Kt
14
R x P
14
Q— B 3 (c)
15
Q— K 2
15
B— B 4
16
Q x P ch (d)
16
K— Kt 3
17
R— K 3 (e)
17
Q R— K sq
18
Q R-K sq (f)
18
R x R
19
R x R
19
P— K R4
20
P— R 3
20
P— R5
21
P— Q 5
21
Kt— K 4
22
Q x P
22
Kt— Q 6
23
Q x Kt P (g)
23
B— B sq
24
Q— B 6 (h)
24
Q x Q
25
P x Q
25
Kt— B 5
26
R^K 7 (i)
26
P— R 3
27
P— B 4
27
K— B 3
28
R— R 7
28
Kt— Q 6
29
B— K 7 ch
29
K— K3
30
R— B 7
30— Kt— K 4
31
B— B 5
31
R— Kt sq (k)
32
B— K 7
32
P— Kt 4
33
P— B 5
33
Kt— B 2
34
P— B 3 (1)
34
R— K sq
35
K— B 2
35
R x B
36
R x B
36
K— Q4
37
R— Q R 8
37
Kt— K 4 (m)
38
K— K 3
38
Kt x Q B P ch
39
K— Q 2
39
P— R 4
40
R— K B 8
40
R,— K 4
41
P— B 4
41
P x P
42
R x P
42
R— R 4
43
K— K 3
43
Kt— K 4 (n)
44
R— R 4 (o)
44
Kt— B 5 ch
45
B— B 2
45
K x P (p)
46
Resigns
Notes by Emil Kemeny in the Philadelphia
Ledger.
(a) This ingenious move is Steinitz's ir«-
vention. He offers the sacrifice of a piece in
order to prevent Black from Castling.
(b) Up to this point the moves were iden-
tically the same as in the Steinitz-Schlechter
game played at the Hastings tourney. Sch-
lechter did not capture the B, but played
more conservatively B — K 3, followed by Kt
— Q 3. Lasker in his notes to this game
says: "Black declines the acceptance of t*ie
sacrifice with doubtful judgment." The prog-
ress of the present game, however, shows
that the sacrifice is pretty sound. At any
rate, by accepting the sacrifice, Black sub-
jects himself to a more forciole attack than
was anticipated according to Lasker's analy-
sis.
(c) Much better than R — K sq, which
would enable White to win with Q — R 5 ch.
(d) Lasker in his analysis gives R— B 4,
and on Black's answer, P — K R 4, he plays Q
x P ch. White's continuation in tne presenc
game is undoubtedly an improvement.
(e) Black now cannot play P — K R 4, for
Q R— K sq would come in with force.
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦!
IGROCERIES!
RETAIL at WHOLESALE
.. PRICES ..
AT
RICHET CO.
Front and Washington Sts.,
Nos. 112 and 114,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Send for Price List.
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦<
JOLLS
The chocolates that
are making portland
famous ^ they are
the most delicious bits
that you can imagine,
morrison street, op-
posite postoffice. j* j*
Oregon 'Phone Brown 462.
Millinery Opening
Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday
MRS. MARSHALL
330 Washington St. Portland, Oregon
BARTON & CURTIS,
Mining Engineers and Stock Brokers,
MINES BOUGHT, SOLD, BONDED
AND LEASED.
229 STARK ST.,
PORTLAND, OR.
A Curiosity in Advertising.
The following curious advertisement is
used by a Japanese firm on the labels for
bottles. It is probably the most wonderful
arrangement of English that has ever been
made. It is sent The Pacific Monthly by a
doctor in Korea:
Take care to see!
In the company, genelal powder medicine
to sell off, choose pure quality and is do up
eneugh attention in manufacture law, and is
rull do not seal, that unless are examine by
officer, it is clear how is their temper best
and finely made, as everybody know, if doubt
it is not good, take some to try, but subtilty
seller common article opten sell, hope, will
not think is pure as os as our company seil
off, in the here everybody want genelal med-
icine of our company, we made active and
shoicest articles has to sell at very law price,
hope our company, everybody, beware in the
trade mark and seal of our company, and
will buy more than fist.
Yashishi, & Co. T, Yoshida.
3 nd street awazi, Osaka Japan.
Cauldron of the Pacific.
"Double, double, toil and trouble,
Fire burn and cauldron bubble."
(Aurthur I. Street, in ^vinslee's.)
"The Philippines are surrounded on all
sides by islands belonging to one power or
another of Europe. It is only a step from the
domain of the polygamous Sultan of Sulu to
the autocratic, syndicated domains of British
North Borneo. It is only a little further from
the pinnacle of Aguinaldo's Luzon to the
lower point of the island of Formosa, where
the Japanese are wrestling with a stubborner
rebellion against the mission of civilization
than America has encountered among the
Tagalogs. From Borneo it is only a width of
the British Channel across the waters to the
Dutch Celebes; and from there to the con-
glomerate New Guinea, where Dutch. Eng-
lish and German alike are tussling with the
intractable Papuan, it is only as far as it is
from Maine to Virginia, or from Denver to
Omaha. British red is blurred all over the
map south of New Guinea and beyond New
Zealand, as far eastward as Chatham Island.
The French intervene between British Fiji
and British Australia, and the tricolor floats
far out on the Society and the Paumotu and
Marquesas islands more than six thousand
miles from Hong Kong. The passage from
the American Hawaii to the — merican Ma-
nila is through archipelagos, which either
ft***.**************************
$
£
#
V
J
I ft
-W* ***** 9****************9*9'.ir
******************************
2 *
! SEEDS.
for THE FARMER
THE GARDNER
THE LAWN
Seeds of all ki refs
but only the best kinds
...AT...
t The Portland Seed Co.
i
J! GET OUR CATALOGUE. (
K*********************^^^?
135 FRONT ST., COR. ALDER,
Portland, Oregon.
'DRIFT.
297
belong to Spain Or have belonged to her, and
are now a portion of the aggressive German
empire.
"Indeed, from the point of the Straits Set-
tlement and Cochin China, from the bulge of
the Asiatic continent at Foochow, from the
thumb-like projection of Corea, out into the
Pacific Ocean and more than halfway across
it, extends the Asiatic continent in broken
pieces and scattered spots, like a piece of
glass dropped flat; with all the Asiatic com-
plexity of international ownership, suzeran-
ity spheres of influence, and struggles for
possession."
The Legend cf the Imnaha.
The beautiful "Smile-of-Dawn," the fairest
Indian maid the sun ever shone on, knelt by
the treacherous "Shoshonee," gazing sadly
into the dark waters. Good cause had she
for sorrow, for, three suns ago, the flower of
Nez Perce warriors had gone forth to war,
and among them, resplendant in his war-
paint and feathers, road "Wounded Buffalo,"
her lover. At last they met the foe. and in
the battle that followed, many of their best
and bravest fell. And now, the loveliest of
all Nez Perce women wept by the river for
the one who had gone to the "Happy Hunt-
ing Grounds" and left her alone to mourn.
She recalled a story she had heard their
"Medicineman" tell of a magic canyon, not
far up the river, from whence echoes of
earth reach the ears of the dead. If she could
but assure her lover of her faithfulness, and
of her vow to love no other, perhaps, he
would not forget her in the pleasures of the
blest. Of the danger she thought nothing,
although the canyon was said to be peopled
by fiends, who delighted in the destruction
of mortals. Resolution lighted her mourn-
ful eyes, and rising, she shook her long,
black hair from her face, and turning to her
companions, said briefly: "I go to sing in
the death canyon. We may not meet again.
Farewell." And, unheeding their protests,
she left the camp, and set out up the river.
The canyon was dark and chill; the great
cliffs towered grimly to the sunny sky; the
low gurgle of the creek whispered mysterious
secrets to the overhanging willows. "Smile-
of-Dawn" cautiously made her way through
the undergrowth, her heart singing with
hope. The sky was a mere thread of light,
and deep, threatening shadows bent down
from the frowning cliffs, and filled her soul
with terror. At last, she paused, and soft
and clear, her song to her lost lover echoed
up the canyon.
"Oh, loved of my heart, thou hast left me, — •
Left me, and art sporting with the shadows
of men that were and are not.
The sun looks down no more upon me;
And at night, the moon weeps through the
mist-clouds;
TOM & i$iipH
...TAILORS...
22s Washington Street
Portland, Ow
PATENTS
Quickly secured. OUR FEE DUE WHEN PATENT
OBTAINED. Send model, sketch or photo, with
description for free report as to patentability . 48-PAGE
HAND-BOOK FREE. Contains references and full
information. WEITE FOR COPT OF OUR SPECIAL
OFFER. It is the most liberal proposition ever made by
a patent attorney, and EVERY INVENTOR SHOULD
READ IT before applying for patent. Address :
H.B.WILLS0N&CO.
PATENT LAWYERS,
LeDroitBldg., WASHINGTON, D. C.
..CIRCULATING LIBRARY..
OP NEW BOOKS AND MAGAZINES
25 Cents per Month
* JONES' BOOK STORE *
SOI A.ld»r Street, Portland, Oregon
WANTED
A case of bad health that R-I-PAN-S will not bene-
fit. R-I-P-A'N-S, 10 for scents, or 13 packets for 48 cents,
may be had of all druggists who are willing to sell a
low-priced medicine at a modern profit.
They banish pain and prolong life.
One gives relief. Accept no substitute.
Note the word R-IPAN S on the packet.
Send 5 cents to Ripans Chemical Co., No. 10 Spruce
St., New York, for 10 samples and 1000 testimonials.
THEY REGTJUTE THE BOWELS.
THEY CURE SICK HEADACHE.
A SINGt/E ONE OIVES REIvIEP.
THE SAME
OLD WAY.
ONT SET HENS
The Nat'l Hen Incubator beats old plan
3 to 1. Little In price but big moneymaker. A iris. i
wanted. Send for cat. telling how to get one free, i
Natural Hen Incubator Co., It 70 Columbus. Neb. <
Rev. H. Hauler made & 100 Egg Hatcher, cost fl.00
A Free Trip to Paris!
Reliable persons of a mechanical or inventive mind
desiring a trip to the Paris Exposition, with good
salary and expenses paid, should write
The PATENT RECORD, Baltimore, Md.
298
THE 'PACIFIC SMONTHLY.
No more ths Star-Spirits laugh and beckon,
As in the days when we set our paddles
In the waters of the treacherous Shoshonee;
Or drifted gently in the moonlight,
Down to Tsceminicum, the meeting-place of
the rivers.
Though thou art dead, yet will I be true to
thee.
Though I never look upon thy face again, yet
will I love thee.
Oh, love, in the pleasures of the blest, do not
forget me."
The song died away in a long wail, and all
was silence; but the dark shadows crept
nearer and nearer, till a million, yelling
fiends seized the maid, and bore her away to
enchanted caves, far up the cliff. The wind
that swept through the canyon, heard her
cries, and the gods of wind and river, wroth
at such treachery, seized many of the imps,
and ground them to powder, which fell, shin-
ing and sparkling into the stream; and now,
men face danger, hardships, — nay, death it-
serf,— to possess this beautiful dust of fiends,
as each year it is scattered in the canyon of
death, by the avenging gods of stream and
air. The Indians gave the canyon the name
of "Im-nah-ha," which means "a love song
from the grave," and from her prison, the
maid still sings to her lover, songs that min-
gle with the sobbing of the wind in the pin«;
trees, and the mysterious murmur of the
river.
C. W. Teftey.
* * *
The Color Charm of Paris.
In our An.erican towns and cities, variety
of color is one of the most conspicuous feat-
ures. The other day in Chicago I occupied a
room on the eighth floor of a big hotel, over-
looking the city. From my window I counted
twenty distinct shades, gray, brown, red, and
green, not to speak of one brilliant yellow
building. This experience might be repeated
in almost every American city excepting
Washington; happily there the prevailing
red brick, relieved by the marble of the pub-
lic buildings, is as harmonious as unusual.
In Paris, there is no such variety; from wall
to wall gray is the prevailing tone; dwell-
ings, churches, palaces, stores, arches,
bridges, quays, walls, everything is gray.
Nature ordered it so in the first place, for
the quarries of this portion of France are
very rich in gray stone; art has seen the wis-
dom of it since; and if other material has
been employed, it has been painted some
shade of gray. I do not mean to say that
there are nc exceptions to the rule. There
are; for example, there is a little red brick in
one of the old quarters, but not much, and
many of the ancient brick facades put up in
Henry IV.'s day have in later years been
painted to harmonize with the stone. This
may strike one who has not seen it as of
questionable taste, and perhaps as tiresome,
John H . Mitchell Albert H. Tanner
MITCHELL & TANNER
Attorneys at Law
Commercial Block, PORTLAND, ORB.
A. C. & R. W. EMMONS
Attorneys at Law
PORTLAND AND SEATTLE
Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Ore.
library Association of Portland
24,000 Volumes and over 200 Periodicals.
$5.00 a Year and $1.50 a Quarter. Two
Books Allowed on all Subscriptions.
HOURS— From 9 A. M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Sundayi
and Holidays.
STARK STREET, BET. SEVENTH AND PARK.
P.O. BOX 157. TEL. MAIN 387.
RODNEY L GLISAN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
ROOM 420
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
Portland, Ore.
EDWARD HOLMAN
UNDERTAKER
EMBALMER and
FUNERAL DIRECTOR
280 Yamhill St.
Experienced
I*ady Assistant
THE J. K. GILL CO.
BOOKSELLERS and STATIONERS
Third and Alder Sts.
Portland, Ore.
Lawn Mowers, Cream Freezers, Rubber Hose,
Garden Tools, Blue Flame Oil Stoves,
Steel Ranges, White Sewing Machines.
GOOD. CHEAP.
HUNT HARDWARE CO., 2d and Morrison
SCIENTIFIC MASSEUR J- *
cHcute and Chronic Rheumatic Affections,
Nervous Diseases and Obesity successfully treat-
ed by Electricity, Massage, Dry Hot Air, and
Vapor 'Baths. N. F. MELEEN, M G.
Phones —
< >ffice, Black 2857.
Residence, Black 691. Office, 3J8-3J9 Marquam Bldg.
"DRIFT.
299
but the effect on one who lives in it is restful
and harmonious. Indeed, there is a dignity
and good taste about the coloring of Paris
which make the fantastic coloring which
prevails in most cities irritating and vulgar.
From "The Charm of Paris," by Ida M. Tar-
bell, in the April Scribner's.
The Sweetest Words.
The sweetest words of mother, friend or
brother,
The dearest words of lover, fond and true,
The words that speak the heart, imparting
gladness,
Rich jewels like the stars in heaven's blue:
That fall upon the ear like psalms at twi-
light,
And calm the soul like carol of the birds,
The sweetest words may not be these, "I love
you,"
"God bless you," softly spoken, — sweetest
words.
Ho! Ye Stamp-Gatherers.
In Switzerland, at Lode, nestled among
hills, there stands a large, substantial-look-
ing building which shelters eighty-five or-
phaned girls. It is entirely supported by the
gifts of benevolent people and among other
sources of its revenue is tue sale in many
shops, by those Who are willing to devote
some time tc the good work, of canceled
postage stamps. These are sent from differ-
ent parts of the world by friends of the in-
stitution. Once a week the children of the
orphanage devote a day to sorting and count-
ing the stamps. The income amounts to 3,-
000 francs (or $600) a year from this source
alone. If those who contribute, add to their
good deeds by soaking tne stamp from the
scrap of paper to which it is attached after
cutting it from the envelope, they not only
save the time of the workers at the orphan-
age, but postage in transmission. If any in
this country are impelled to utilize spare mo-
ments in this way, they may dispatch the
stamps to an address in New York, thus sav-
ing foreign postage. Loizeaux Brother, 63
Fourth Avenue, will receive such contribu-
tions and forward them.
The stamps are sometimes used for orna-
mental work, such as screens, stands, pic-
tures, boxes, plates, lamp-shades, and even
for wall paper; but are now principally sold
to collectors, those whicn are very common
to us being of more value, of course, in a for-
eign land. Any stamps which lack a serrated
edge on even one side and which are torn,
are excluded. There is no exception made
but for the very rarest stamps. The govern-
ment stamps on letters and envelpoes, news-
paper wrappers and postal cards are all ac-
cepted, but to be useful must be carefully
cut rectangularly with a margin at the nar-
rowest point of one-quarter to three-eights
£A************£***********A£*4
Would you
Like one of these
fine Post Fountain
Pens = =
They are...
Self-Filling
Self-Cleaning
Non-Leaking
Reliable
Simple
Durable
They are recommended by prom
inent men all over the world.
They received the only Gold Med-
al and Diploma awarded by the
Academie Parisienne Des Invert-
teurs Industriels et Exposants of
Paris, to a fountain pen.
IF YOU WOULD,
Read our
GREAT PREMIUM OFFER
in front of magazine.
4ir^r#*#******-*****-*************
300
THE TACJFIC SMONTHLY.
of an inch. An interesting circular is pub-
lished and sent out, reporting the gifts to the
institution and briefly recounting the benefits
which it is accomplishing. Perhaps there are
still some hundreds of thousands of old
stamps lying hidden .n forgotten corners
since the time when the craze was abroad for
collecting a million, which in some myster-
ious way was to endow a bed in a hospital.
Our fathers and brotuers and husbands who
scoffed at that scheme may be assured that
the present one is well authenticated. The
writer has also been credibly informed that
this stamp-collecting for benevolent pur-
poses is, or has been, followed among fash-
ionable young ladies of Denmark.
This is something the cnildren could do.
A little blind girl in Baltimore is about to
send three hundred thousand stamps to the
Orphanage, having just learned where be"
collection can be made useful. One small
person of our acquaintance began the indus-
try at four years of age and still — two years
later — continues to sift and soak his stint of
three dozen stamps a day as long as there is
"grist" for his mill. Kind friends in the
home and the office save them and from time
to time his stock is replenished. Though
this help may amount to very little in dol-
lars and cents, it has the reflex advantage of
teaching the young idea to think and wo^k
for others; and rluskin's motto to root up
thistles and plant flowers," is a frequent ad-
monition.
"The Asile des Billodes," to quote the
closing words of the circular, "for whose
benefit the stamps which we collect are sold,
is an establishment which Christian phil-
anthropy has erected for the education of
young girls. It receives no government
grant and asks for no subscriptions. It con-
fidently awaits voluntary gifts from friends
of unhappy childhood. The managers of the
Orprjprage seek to carry out the wishes of
th* foundress which she expressed in her
will, as follows:
"This institution, founded in 1815, is des-
tined solely to educate unfortunate children
in the religion of Christ, of whatever na-
tion or denomination they may be. Regard-
ing all men as my brethren, I feel myself
obliged to fulfill toward all the precepts of
the Savior who commanded us to care for
the orphan. "I desire, therefore, that the
Orpanage be continued after my decease,' to
the glory of God and for the benefit of the
souls of those who shall be trained therein.
Commending them to His divine protection,
hoping and praying that all work for the
same end in the same spirit, under the eye
of Jesus who is the rewarder of all. May
God's blessing rest, upon all. Amen!"
SMeldon.
* * *
A knowledge of Latin is no longer
obligatory as an entrance requirement at'
Columbia University.
^0»^3»O»3»O»O»C»3»O«O«O»O«O»Cl«O»3»O»C)»0«3«3»O«O«C)»O»O»O»8J
\ ..HATTERS AND FURNISHERS.. I
Sole Agents for
KNOX HATS
DON'T WEAR & J*
Baggy Trousers or
Shabby Clothes g>>-
We call for, sponge, press and deliver one suit of
your clothing each week, sew on buttons, and
sew up rips, for
$1.00 A MONTH.
UNIQUE TAILORING CO.
124 Sixth St„ Bet. Washington and Alder.
BOTH PHONES.
ANDERSON BROS.
Livery, Hack, Feed and Sale Stables,
254 Third St., Cor. Madison.
Carriages all hours, day and night.
Special attention paid to Boarding Horses.
Both Phones 331.
Or Ring O. K. Box.
Uocoa J«O»0»O» J»0«Q«O» JWO«0»0»0»U«0»C»0»0»0»0»0»0»0»C»0«0»S^
* *
5 The Blue Mountain \
Company
I COLD STORAGE
COAL, ICE, COKE.
247 STARK STREET j
Scac«oio tc«o*o*cao«oao*o*c«o«oao«c«c*rao«c*cao«o«oao«cac«o
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
"SMistress Mary quite contrary
How do you fry your fish
In KO-NUT Sir, entirely
cAnd it makes a wholesome
dish."
^
UNEQUALLED FOR FRYING DOUGHNUTS,
FISH, POTATO CHIPS, AND FOR GENERAL
= SHORTENING =
NEVER GETS RANCID.
MORE ECONOMICAL
THAN LARD.
fe§t
" One-a-penny , Two-a-penny
Hot cross buns
It you bake with KO-NUT
shortening
they will be light ones/f
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
x 1 HE PA CIFIC MONTHL Y—A D VER TISING SECTION.
******************************** ***l****
INCORPORATED 1851
Zbe Massachusetts
Mutual %i£e ITnsurance Co*
SPRINGFIELD, MASS.
INSURANCE LAWS in Massachusetts arc the best.
POLICYHOLDERS get the most protection.
IF YOU are going to insure, don't forget this.
Call or write for Statement.
C. e. WARRENS, Cashier H. G. COLTON, Manager
PACIFIC NORTHWEST DEPARTMENT
311 to 313 Chamber of Commerce
Portland, Oregon
I'' ",l,l"",M,M ■•£»'»■"•""■ "*•."""
Downing, Hopkins & Co.
♦♦♦ BROKERS ♦♦♦
Chicago New York
Board of Trade. Stock Exchange.
Continuous market quotations at principal centers of trade received
over our own wires. Branch offices at Seattle, Tacoma, Spokane,
Walla Walla, Colfax, Wash., Vancouver and Victoria, B. C.
CORRESPONDENCE INVITED.
Head Office,
Ground Floor, Chamber of Commerce, Portland, Ore.
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦MM + »♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
COR. TWELFTH AND FLANDERS STS.
All Orders Promptly Executed. Telephones — 851 Both Companies.
♦♦♦<♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦+
| W.C. Noon Bag Co.
INCORPORATED 1893.
Manufacturers and Importers of
Bags, Twines, Tents and Awnings,
Flags and Mining Hose.
BAG PRINTING
A SPECIALTY.
32-34 First St. North and 210-212-214-216 Couch St. 1
Portland, Oregon. T
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
^4.*******4*4***«*****A*****^«
PATENTS GUARANTEED
Our fee returned if we fail. Any one sending
sketch and description of any invention will
promptly receive our opinion free concerning
the patentability of same. " How to Obtain a
Patent '' sent upon request. Patents secured
through us advertised for sale at our expense.
Patents taken out through us receive special
notice, without charge, in The Patent Record,
an illustrated and widely circulated journal,
consulted by Manufacturers and Investors.
Send for sample copy FREE. Address,
VICTOR J. EVANS & CO.
(Patent Attorneys.)
Evans Building, WASHINGTON, D. C,
*
*
**************•*****+**+* ***»"»»
9
Oregon Phone
Clay 931.
Columbia
Phone 30/,
Ellis printing Co.
ESTABLISHED IN 1887.
PRINTERS
PUBLISHERS
STEREOTYPERS
(Anything in the Printing line, from a card to a catalogue.
05 EIRST STREET,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
xii THE PA CI FIG 3/CLV Till V—A D VER TISING SECTION.
EDWARD HUGHES
Vehicles and
Machinery
Genuine ...
Columbus Buggies
3
188~ 194 Front St., Portland, Or.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^p^^^^^^^p^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
*Xy£ ALL-Bearing Type-Bar Joints and Fixed
• Type-Bar Hangers, giving Unimpair-
able Alignment, Lightest Key Action. The
Most Rapid. Platen Rolls to Show Work.
Carriage locks at end of line, protecting the
writing. Compact Shift Keyboard. Numer-
ous Handy Features. Address for full par-
ticulars,
United Typewriter k Supplies Co.
No. 232 Stark Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
►♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦ +♦+♦+♦+♦+♦ ♦
I Graves & Co.'s |
; Great Bargains in Pianos |
l Chickering Upright,
I W. W. Kimball,
I Guild Baby Grand,
I Cameron Upright,
$100.00
125.00
135.00
180.00
♦
I
♦
I
I
I
♦
t
!
I
♦
t
t
t
♦
♦
►♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»«t
When dealing with our advertisers,
Only slightly used and
in first-class condition.
PHONOGRAPHS
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
ETC.
We will move to our new and elegant quarters
on Sixth Street, between Washington
and Alder, about May 15th.
Call and see us.
Graves & Co., now at 285 Alder
Special Sale
Sewing Machines
While we are waiting for our new
building to be completed at
124 and 126 Sixth St.
Oft Will buy a drop-leaf, five.-drawer, quarter
*P^"V sawed oak sewing machine with a com-
plete set of attachments, guaranteed for ten years.
<J1C Will buy a drop-head, quarter sawed oak
*pt.^ sewing machine, with a complete set of
attachments, and a ten years guarantee.
CQrt Buys a drop-head, ball-bearing sewing
tjv machine, in oak or sycamore case, with
nickel-plated riveted attachments, guaranteed
for ten years.
All makes of sewing machines repaired. Work
guaranteed. Sewing machines rented. Needles,
parts and oil for sale for all sewing machines.
t
Domestic Sewing Machine Office,
X 176 Fourth St., Y. M. C. A. Bldg. ^
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
1 A Word with Eastern Advertisers
The 'Pacific ch(prthvjest is one of the best fields in the United States for judicious
advertising. The country is rich and prosperous, crops ne*ber fail, and the popula-
tion is steadily increasing, ol&ing to the steady influx from less favored regions.
Unquestionably a desirable field to reach.
THE FIELD IN WHITE IS THE FIELD OF THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
The Pacific floNTHLY
Coders this field exclusively. Others may dabble in it. The Pacific SMonthly covers it.
cAs for circulation, the Pacific SMonthly is one of the fevj magazines %est of the Miss-
issippi that guarantees circulation. Our svjorn statement is as follovos :
Average per month, Anting the last eight months . 5435 copies.
Highest single issue 6500 copies.
lowest single issue 5000 copies.
Our rates are unusually low. It will pay any advertiser wishing to reach this field
and the entire Pacific Coast at one and the same time, to drop us a
postal. Let us tell you more about it. We can make
it worth your while. Address
THE TACIFIC ^MONTHLY,
Chamber of Commerce,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦MM
2 Overland Trains Daily 2
•THE-
YELLOWSTONE PARK \ DINING GAR LINE.
...When going to the...
BUFFALO HUMP MINING COUNTRY,
\ ™TEHE NORTHERN PAOFIGEa*
Direct service to the GOLD FIELDS of British Columbia,
via SPOKANE, WASH.
** Tickets sold to all points
in the United States and Canada.
Telephone Main 244.
A. D. CHARLTON,
Assistant General Passenger Agent,
255 Morrison St., Cor. Third,
Portland, Oregon.
♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦MM
THE MAGNIFICENT SCENERY
OF
COLUMBIA RIVER
The most beautiful in the world, can best be seen
from the steamers "DAISES CITY" and
"REGUUTOR" of the
44
REGULATOR LINE
DO NOT MISS THIS.
'ft
Steamers leave Portland, Oak St. Dock, 7 a. m., daily,
except Sunday, for The Dalles, Cascade Locks, Hood
River and way landings.
C. G. THAYER, Agt.,
Oak St. Dock, Portland.
(Phone 914.)
W. C. ALLAWAY,
Gen. Agt.~,
The Dalles, Or.
Ore.—tPHONES 734— Col
Model Laundry Company
308 MADISON STREET,
Between Fifth and Sixth
PORTLAND,
OREGON.
| for acceptable ideas.
State if patented.
I THE PATENT RECORD,
Baltimore, Md.
Subscription price of the Patent Record $1.00
per annum. Samples free.
When dealing with our advertisers
CASH
THE ONLY LINE
—OFFERING-
TWO Routes from Portland.
THREE Routes through Colorado.
FOUR Routes east thereof.
The Grandest Mountain Scenery in America
by daylight.
Personally conducted tourist excursions
through to the east without change of cars.
Free Reclining Chair Cars in all trains.
New and Elegant Equipment.
Perfect Dining Car Service.
STOPOVER IN UTAH OR COLORADO
GRANTED ON A&I, CLASSES OF TICKETS.
No trouble to answer questions.
M.J.ROCHE, J.D.MANSFIELD.
Trav. Pass. Agt. Gen'l Agent.
253 Washington St., Portland, Oregon.
kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVEBTISINO SECTION.
WHITE COLLAR LINE
Colombia River & Puget Sound Navigation Ge.
Portland and Astoria
•teamen Telephone or Bailey Gatzert leave foot Alder
Street daily (except Sunday), 7 A. M.
Leave Astoria daily (except Sunday) 7 P. M.
U. B. SCOTT, President
.lit
WINTER SCHEDULE— Daily.
Train No. 22 leaves Portland at 8:00 a. m., arrives at
Astoria at 11:30 a. m.
Train No. 24 leaves Portland at 6:55 p. m., arrives at
Astoria at 10:30 p. m.
Return
Train No. 21 leaves Astoria at 7:45 a m., arrives in
Portland at 11:15 a m-
Train No. 23 leaves Astoria at 6:10 p. m., and arrives
in Portland at 9:40 p. m.
Train No. 22 runs through to Seaside, leaving Sea-
side on the return ai 2:30 p. m.
All trains leaving Astoria for Seaside or returning
from Seaside run on the Flavel Branch.
The Astoria and Columbia River R. R. Winter Sched-
ule is now in effect. Trains leave Union Depot, Port-
land, daily at 8:00 a. m. and 7:00 p. m., arriving at
Astoria at 11:30 a. m. and 10:30 p m. Leaving for Sea-
side at 11:35 a- m-
EAST ) * SOUTHERN
— ■• ( via PACIFIC
* COMPANY
LEAVE
* 8 30 a. m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
4 7 30 a.m.
t 450p.m.
Depot, Fifth and I Sts. ARRIVE
OVERLAND EX-
PRESS, for Salem,
Roseburg, Ashland,
Sacramento, Ogden,
San Francisco, Mo-
jave, Los Angeles, El
Paso, New Orleans
and the East.
Roseburg Passenger. . . .
(Via Woodburn for"!
Mt . Angel, Silverton ,
West Scio, Browns- >
ville, Springfield
(,and Natron. J
Corvallis Passenger
Independence Pass'ng'r
9 15 a.m.
Daily
except
Sunday.
1 5 5°P-m-
1 8 25 a. m.
* Daily. | Daily except Sunday.
Direct connection at San Francisco with Occi-
-dental and Oriental and Pacific Mail steamship
lines for JAPAN AND CHINA. Sailing dates
on application.
Rates and tickets to eastern points and Eu-
rope, also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA, can be obtained from J. B.
KIRKLAND, Ticket Agent, 134 Third St.
Yamhill Division: — Passenger Depot foot of
Jefferson St.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 9:40* a. m.;
12:30, 1:55, 3:25, 5:15, 6:25, 8:05, 11:30 p. m., and 9:00
a. m. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland
daily at 6:35*, 8=3°, 10:50* a. m; 1:35, 3:15, 4:30, 6:20,
7:40, 9:15 p. in.; 12:40 a. m. daily except Monday
and 10:05 a- m- oa Sundays only.
Leave for Sheridan daily, exeept Sunday, at
4:30 p. m. Arrive at Portland at 9:30 a. m.
Leave for Airlie Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays at 8:35 a. m. Arrive at Portland Tues-
-days, Thursdays and Saturdays at 3:05 p. m.
* Except Sunday
R. KOEHLER, C. H. MARKHAM,
Manager. den. F. & P. Agt.
GO EAST VIA
Oregon Short Line Railroad
THE DIRECT ROUTE TO
Montana, Utah, Colorado
and all Eastern and Southern Points.
Affording choice of two routes, via the UNION
PACIFIC Past Mail Line or the RIO
GRANDE Scenic Lines through Colorado.
NO CHANGE OF CARS
On the Portland-Chicago Special,
"the finest in the West."
Equipped with
ELEGANT STANDARD SLEEPERS
FINE NEW ORDINARY (Tourist) SLEEPERS
SUPERB LIBRARY-BUFFET CARS
SPLENDID DINERS (meals a la carte)
FREE RECLINING CHAIR CARS
COMFORTABLE COACHES AND SMOKERS
ENTIRE TRAIN COMPLETELY VESTI-
BULED.
For further information apply to
J. R. NAGEL, City Tkt. Agt.
C.O.TERRY, Trav. Pass. Agt. W.E.COMAN, Gen'l Agt.
124 Third St., Portland, Or.
0. R. & N.
Chicago-
Portland
Special
9:15 a. m.
Atlantic
Express
6:20 p. m.
Via Spok'e
8:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
Saturday
10:00 p. m.
6:00 a. m.
Ex. Sunday
7:00 a. m.
Tues,Thur
and Sat.
6:00 a. m.
Tues, Thur
and Sat.
Lv.Riparia
5:00 a. m.
Daily
TIME SCHEDULES
FROM PORTLAND.
Salt Lake, Denver, Ft.
Worth, Omaha, Kan-
sas City, St. Louis,
Chicago and East.
Walla Walli, Spokane,
Minneapolis, St. Paul,
Duluth, Milwaukee,
Chicago and East.
Ocfan Steamships.
All sailing dates subject
to change.
For San Francisco —
Sail every five days.
Columbia River
St' amers.
To Astoria and Way
Landings.
Willamette River.
Oregon City, Newberg,
Salem & Way Landings
Willamette and
Yamhill Rivers.
Oregon City, Dayton
and Way Landings.
Willamette River.
Portland to Corvallis
and Way Landings.
Snake River.
Riparia to Lewiston.
4:00 p. m.
4:00 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
4:30 P- m.
Ex. Sunday
3:30 p. m.
Mon. Wed.
and Fri.
4:30 p: m.
Mon. Wed.
and Fri.
Leave
Lewiston
Daily
9:00 a. m.
V. A. SCHILLING, W. H. HURLBURT,
City Ticket Agt., Gen'l. Pass. Agt.,
254 Washington St., Portland, Ore.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly .
xvi
THE PACIFIC MONTHLY— ADVERTISING SECTION.
P^t©^-^^^©'©®^5'S^t^-5^P^p^-8tS!-85'^S5^>^^t©^ *®S? f
The Right Road <£
I
Is the Great Rock Island
Route, d* J- J> J-
Dining car service the
best, elegant equipment,
and fast service J> J> J>
$
For further information
address
A. E. COOPER, General Agent,
Pass, Dept.
246 Washington Street,
j PORTLAND, Jl OREGON.
I
THE "North-Western Limited" trains,
electric lighted throughout, both inside
and out, and steam heated, are, with-
out exception, the finest trains in the world.
They embody the latest, newest and best
ideas for comfort, convenience and luxury
ever offered the traveling public, and al-
together are the most complete and splen-
did production of the Car Builders' art.
THESE SPLENDID TRAINS
CONNECT WITH
The Great Northern
The Northern Pacific and
The Canadian Pacific
AT ST. PAUL, FOR
CHICAGO and the EAST.
No extra charge tor these superior accommo-
dations and all classes of tickets are available for
passage on the famous" North-western Limited."
All trains on this line are protected by the Inter-
locking Block system.
w- HGENMLE*GDE'NT| The North-Western Line.
PORTLAND, OR.
Hil Boiplitioii
°VScTOf^V
As regards Time and Through
Car Service to Chicago and
other Eastern Cities.
The Favorite Transcontinental i^oute Between
the Northwest and all Points East
Choice of Two Routes Through the FAMOUS
^^ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY
And Pour Routes Bast of Pueblo and Denver
All Passengers granted a day stop-over in
the Mormon Capitol or anywhere between
Ojden and Denver. Personally conducted
Tourist Excursions three days a week to
OMAHA, KANSAS CITY, ST. LOUIS,
CHICAGO and the EAST.
For Tickets and any Information regarding Rates,
Routes, etc., or for Descriptive Advertising Matter,
call on Agents of Oregon Railway & Navigation
Co. Oregon Short Line or Southern Pacific
Companies.
8. K. HOOPER, R. C. NICHOL,
Gen. Pass. & Ticket Agt. Gen. Agt., 251 Wash M
DENVER, COL. fO*TLANB, OM.
JUST THIIMKI
3^ days with no change to Chicago
4# days and one change to New York
THEN AGAIN:
Trains are Illuminated by Plntseh Gas,
run Into Union Depots, and Baggage
Is cheeked through to Destination.
Lowest Rates.
For Information pertaining to the Union Pacific,
call on or address
J. H. LOTHROP,
General Agent.
C. E. Brown,
Dist. Pass. Agent
135 THIRD ST., PORTLAND, ORE.
When dealing with our advertisers, kindly mention The Pacific Monthly.
Do You Like .* .* .*
A Luxurious Meal?
Jtj*Jtj*JKJ*J*
"TIGER BRAND"
Pure Spices
"OUR BEST"
Roasted Coffee
"KUSALANA" *
Ceylon Tea
.♦♦c^re Items..*
<&<&*# which will aid materially «£*#<£
ASK YOUR GROCER FOR
... THEM ...
THE FIRST TIME YOU SEE HIM.
cManvfadured and
Sold by i J» J»
CORBITT & MACLEAY CO.
Portland, Oregon*
sza
#
3
REASONS WHY
you should buy it.
i. It is made right here at home.
2. It is made of the very finest materials and
is guaranteed in every respect equal or su-
perior to the very best.
J)
3. The makers guarantee every tin and every
grocer is authorized to return your money ^
if it be not satisfactory.
DEVERS
BLEND
Coffee
THE WORLD'S FINEST.
To insure getting the genuine,
buy in sealed packages
only.
CLOSSET & DEVERS.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
RUSSELL & CO.
A. H. AVERILL,
Manager.
MANUFACTURERS OF
HIGH GRADE
ENGINES, BOILERS,
SAW MILLS, THRESHERS.
Estimates furnished on Steam Plants of all Sizes,
and for any purpose. Write for Catalogues.
RUSSELL & CO.,
Portland, Oregon.
WHEN DEALING WITH OUR ADVERTISERS, KINDLY MENTION THE PACIFIC MONTHLY.
Live Music
Archive
Librivox
Free Audio
Metropolitan Museum
Cleveland
Museum of Art
Internet
Arcade
Console Living Room
Open Library
American
Libraries
TV News
Understanding
9/11